Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Introduction
Every day, a lot of people all over the world participate in games and sports
health and wellness. Games and sports can also result in injuries, some minor, some
serious and still other in lifelong medical problem. Sports injuries result from acute
trauma or repetitive stress associated with athletic activities. Sports injuries can affect
bones or soft tissue (ligaments, muscles, tendons). There are numerous sports injuries
happened in the field of sports. It is very important for all coaches, trainers and players to
know the causes symptoms, prevention and treatment for all these common injuries in
order to avoid most of these types of injuries, also to update the poor training methods.
In the process to determine what exactly happened in the body and the standing
acquire a credible solution to the site of injury. Prevention helps reduce potential sport
that focus on main muscle groups commonly used in the sport of interest. Also, creating
nutrition, monitoring team members “at risk”, monitoring behavior, skills, and
techniques. Season analysis reviews and preseason screenings are also beneficial reviews
for preventing player sport injuries. Adults are less likely to suffer sports injuries than
recognize and evaluate risks, and underdeveloped coordination. Injury rates are highest
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for athletes who participate in contact sports, but the most serious injuries are associated
with individual activities. Between one half and two-thirds of childhood sports injuries
occur during practice, or in the course of unorganized athletic activity. Baseball and
softball are the leading causes of sports-related facial trauma in the United States, with
68% of these injuries caused by contact with the ball rather than player-player collision or
In some vein, students from Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan
Campus are known to its flexibility on sports like soccer, basketball, volleyball, Sepak
Takraw, badminton etc. To address the physical fitness and socio-cultural aspects of
education, the school conducts a campus wide and system wide intramurals every school
year and participates in the Mindanao Association of State Tertiary Schools (MASTS)
Games and the State Colleges and Universities Athletic Association (SCUAA) National
Olympics. Sports varsity clubs were also organized to facilitate the participation of
sports injuries which cause long-term effects. Thus, to dissuade problems on sports
With this, the study was conducted a survey to determine the first aid
awareness in sport injuries of Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan Campus
during the School Year 2019-2020. Specifically, the present investigation focusing on the
awareness of the students on the sports activities as part of their developing skills in
Physical Education. Hence, this study would be ground for the athletes, students and
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teachers to become aware on the sports activities and the do’s and don’ts when operating
This study is anchored on the Vroom's theory of expectancy as cited by (Chen et.
al 2011) which states that “individual undergoes to make choices on their own”. A key
role when athletes are returning to sports after having injuries based on the belief that
athletes effort will lead to performance and performance will lead to rewards. Rewards
may be either positive or negative. The more positive the reward the more likely the
student will be highly motivated. Conversely, the more negative the reward the less likely
the person will be motivated. Fortunately, each of these ingredients can be changed in a
positive way-usually when a new comer replaces an individual whose management style
has not been conducive to bringing out the very best in each person in the team.
According to this theory, the reward of a person determines its eloquent way of
achieving goals towards the motivation to push through. The internees factors considers
in the theory of Vroom which are growth, opportunities, achievements and health. These
factors determine the usual belief of a certain athlete to extend their hearts in joining
sports activities. Moreover, in contrast with the internees factors the extraneous factors
certain reward which considers money, social interaction, recognition, responsibility and
significance of the sports. These factors imbued in the study are the common factors
Moreover, First aid awareness in sport injuries is applied to injured athletes or ill
students in any health threatening setting in order to save life, prevent degradation of the
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available. First aid refers to assessments and interventions that can be performed by a
bystander (or by the victim) with minimal or no medical equipment. This allows for the
relationships within them. Hence, phenomenological method that can be used to discover
the material, structural, and human conditions that limit and define the rationality of
organizational actors, and thereby the meaning of their observable behaviors. Thus,
Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation is not about self-interest in rewards but about
the associations people make towards expected outcomes and the contribution they feel
The cited theory is strongly connected to the present study since the present study
embraces first aid awareness in sports injuries of JRMSU student - Dapitan campus: A
survey who are believed to motivates students and awareness in an sports event. Thus, the
performance that exercise influence one events that definitely affect their lives.
The figure that follows on the next page shows the schema of the study. The first
box which is the independent variable contains the JRMSU students. The second box
denotes from the first box which the dependent variable of the study contains the first aid
awareness. The dependent variable was theoretically and conceptually stated by Vroom's
theory of motivation as cited by (Chen 2011). The third box which is the intervening
Age
Sex
This study aimed to find out the first aid awareness in sports injuries of JRMSU
students-Dapitan campus: A survey during the first semester of School Year 2019– 2020.
1.2 Sex?
2. What are the common injuries experienced by the students during sport activities?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the level of first aid awareness and sports
5. Is there a significant relationship between the level of first aid awareness and the
Hypotheses
Ho. There is no significant relationship between the level of first aid awareness
Ho2. There is no significant relationship between the level of awareness and the
The focus of this study was to find out the student first aid awareness in sports
injuries of JRMSU Dapitan campus during the first semester of Academic Year 2019-
2020. Likewise, the study attempted to find out the significant relationship between the
level of awareness and the common injuries experienced. The first aid awareness in
sports injuries were restricted to the students of Jose Rizal Memorial State University,
Dapitan Campus.
The respondent of this study were the CED students of Jose Rizal Memorial State
University, Dapitan Campus, Dapitan City during the School Year 2019-2020. The
descriptive survey method was utilized in the study. The researchers use a researcher
made questionnaire to attain the main objective of the study. The instrument was pre-
tested to ensure the validity of the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of two parts
wherein the first part included the personal profile of the respondents as age and sex. The
second part tackled on the first aid awareness on sport injuries and activities.
sports injuries of the college students who possess for participating in a collegiate club
sport will not only aid campus recreational sports administrators to foster a club sport
environment on their campus that is appealing and beneficial to the students, but will also
help illustrate why recreational sport programs in general and club sports, specifically,
The result of the study will help students’ to motivate in joining sports activities.
This would also help them to be aware on first aid on sports injuries and were they are
motivated to join the sports activities and to know their strength and weaknesses.
Understanding the fundamental aid will guide our students to become aware and
sports activities. This study is beneficial to the teachers on acquiring some information
and knowledge on aid activities during sports recreations. In addition, the result of the
study would be a ground of awareness among teachers handling sports and/or Physical
students holistically. The result of the study is important to the School Dean in
determining their students and give motivation in their chosen field. More so,
encouraging students to join sports recreations and developing their individual skills and
talents on different fields of sports is a vital on achieving the vision of the University.
Hence, School Dean could recommend to the stakeholders and other heads to encourage
students to join sport as well as giving them their needs on sports activities. .
Future Researchers. Through this study, the future researchers may be able to
gather more information and elaborate furthermore that first aid awareness in joining
sports activities are crucial for the students to be prepared all the time.
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For a common frame of reference the following terms are hereby operationally
defined:
First Aid. In this study this refers to the provision of immediate care to a victim
with an injury of illness, usually effected by a lay person, and performed within a limited
skill range. First aid is normally performed until the injury or illness is satisfactorily dealt
with (such as in the case of small cuts, minor bruises, and blisters) or until the next level
Injuries. In this study the term refers to the damage/injuries of the body caused by
external force. This may be caused by accidents, falls, hits, weapons, and other causes.
Indoor Sports. In this study the term refers to the variety of structured forms of
play or competitive physical activity typically carried out either in the home or in
Outdoor Sports. In this study the term refers to a team sport game or practice
Sports Injuries. In this study the terms refers to the injuries that occur in athletic
activities or exercising. Sports injuries are usually the first signs of the body telling you