Standard Specification

Valves

Document No. 0000-50-SPE-0004

Quality Information
Project Name: Oyu Tolgoi
Document Company: Construction and Engineering Group (CEG) - Engineering Manager

Revision History
Revision Issue Purpose Prepared By Approved By Date
A Issued For Internal Discipline Review D. Trinh R. Krek 15/03/16
B Issued For Client Review D. Trinh T. Wronski 15/06/16
C Issued for Client Approval D. Trinh T. Wronski 22/09/16
0 Issued for Use D. Trinh T. Wronski
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Detailed Revision History

Document Number 0000-50-SPE-0004

Document Type Specification
Document Name Valves

Rev Clause No. Detailed Description of Changes

This specification is based on SP-50-010 and incorporates:
 SP-50-011 Ball and butterfly valves
 SP-50-012 Knife gate valves
B All
 SP-50-013 Pinch valves
 SP-50-026 Vacuum air release valves
 SP-50-028 Plug valves
C All Incorporates client’s comments

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GENERAL..................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Codes and Standards....................................................................................... 1
1.3 Project Standards and Specifications ............................................................ 3
1.4 Order of Precedence ........................................................................................ 3
1.5 Terminology...................................................................................................... 3
1.6 General Design and Construction ................................................................... 4
1.7 Submittals ......................................................................................................... 4
1.8 Quality Assurance ............................................................................................ 6
1.9 Valve Numbering .............................................................................................. 7

2. PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................. 8
2.1 Fabrication and Manufacture........................................................................... 8
2.2 Inspection and Test .......................................................................................... 8
2.3 Identification and Tagging ............................................................................. 10
2.4 Preparation for Shipment .............................................................................. 11

3. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR GATE, GLOBE AND CHECK VALVES ............... 13

3.1 General............................................................................................................ 13
3.2 Materials ......................................................................................................... 13
3.3 Design Criteria ................................................................................................ 16

4. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BALL & BUTTERFLY VALVES ........................... 18

4.1 General............................................................................................................ 18
4.2 Materials ......................................................................................................... 18
4.3 Design Criteria ................................................................................................ 19

5. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR KNIFEGATE VALVES ......................................... 22

5.1 General............................................................................................................ 22
5.2 Materials ......................................................................................................... 22
5.3 Design Criteria ................................................................................................ 23

6. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PINCH VALVES ................................................... 25

6.1 Materials ......................................................................................................... 25
6.2 Design Criteria ................................................................................................ 25

7. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR VACUUM AIR RELEASE VALVES...................... 26

7.1 General............................................................................................................ 26
7.2 Air Release Valves ......................................................................................... 27
7.3 Air/Vacuum Valves ......................................................................................... 27

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7.4 Combination Air Valves ................................................................................. 28

8. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PLUG VALVES .................................................... 30

8.1 General............................................................................................................ 30
8.2 Materials ......................................................................................................... 30
8.3 Design Criteria ................................................................................................ 31

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1. GENERAL
1.1 Scope

This specification prescribes the requirements for supply of the following valves and
other types of metal-seated valves.

 Gate, globe and check valves;

 Ball and butterfly valves;

 Knife gate valves;

 Pinch valves;

 Vacuum air release valves including air release, air/vacuum and combination
air valves for water or slurry piping or pipeline systems;

 Plug valves.
1.2 Codes and Standards

Design shall comply with applicable Mongolian laws, acts, regulations, codes and
standards. If the corresponding Mongolian codes and standards do not exist the
applicable international standards shall be used as listed in the following sections.
Other codes and standards may be acceptable if proven to be equivalent.
The latest edition of the codes and standards listed shall govern all work.

API (American Petroleum Institute)

SPEC 6D Pipeline Valves
STD 594 Check Valves: Flanged, Lug, Wafer and Butt-welding
STD 598 Valve Inspection and Testing
STD 599 Metal Plug Valves - Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends
Bolted Bonnet Steel Gate Valves for Petroleum and Natural Gas
STD 600
Industries
Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves for Sizes DN100 and Smaller
STD 602
for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries
Corrosion Resistant, Bolted Bonnet Gate Valves - Flanged and Butt
STD 603
Welding Ends
STD 607 Fire Test for Soft Seated Quarter Turn Valves
STD 608 Metal Ball Valves - Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends
STD 609 Butterfly Valves: Double Flanged, Lug and Wafer Type
ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR thread form)
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
B16.1 Grey Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS ½ through NPS 24
B16.5
Metric/Inch Standard
B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions for Valves
B16.11 Forged Fittings, Socket-welding and Threaded
Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges - Ring-Joint, Spiral-Wound and
B16.20
Jacketed

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B16.25 Buttwelding Ends

B16.34 Valves - Flanged, Threaded and Welding End
Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and
B16.42
300
Large Diameter Steel Flanges - NPS 26 through NPS 60
B16.47
Metric/Inch Standard
B31.1 Power Piping
B31.3 Process Piping
Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other
B31.4
Liquids
B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe
B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness and Lay)
Section II Material Specifications
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
Section VIII Pressure Vessels
ASNT (American Society for Non Destructive Testing)
Recommended Practice for Non Destructive Testing Personnel
SNT-TC-1A
Qualification and Certification
ASTM (The American Society for Testing and Materials)
Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting
A193 / A193M Materials for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other
Special Purpose Applications
Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for
A194 / A194M
High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and
A217 / A217M Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High Temperature
Service
Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold Finished Age-
A564 / A564M
Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
AWS (American Welding Society)
Specification for Surfacing Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc
A5.13
Welding
AWWA (American Water Works Association)
C504 Rubber-Seated Butterfly Valves
Air Release, Air/Vacuum and Combination Air Valves for
C512
Waterworks Service
C550 Protective Interior Coating for Valves and Hydrant
MSS (Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry)
Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and
SP-6
Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings
SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions
Class 150 Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check
SP-42
Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends
SP-45 Bypass and Drain Connections
Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves,
SP-53 Flanges, Fittings and Other Piping Components - Magnetic Particle
Examination Method
Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings,
SP-54
and Other Piping Components – Radiographic Examination Method
Quality Standard for Steel Casting for Valves, Flanges, Fittings and
SP-55 Other Piping Component - Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface
Irregularities
SP-61 Pressure Testing of Steel Valves

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SP-67 Butterfly Valves

SP-68 High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
SP-70 Grey Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-71 Grey Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-72 Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends for General Service
SP-78 Cast Iron Plug Valves Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-80 Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves
SP-81 Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, Flanged, Knife Gate Valves
SP-85 Grey Iron Globe and Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves,
SP-93 Flanges, Fittings and Other Piping Components - Liquid Penetrant
Examination Method
Quality Standard for Ferritic and Martensitic Steel Castings for
SP-94 Valves, Flanges, Fittings and Other Piping Components - Ultrasonic
Examination Method
NACE International
MR 0175 / ISO Petroleum and natural gas industries materials for use in H2S -
15156 Containing environments in oil and gas production

1.3 Project Standards and Specifications

 0000-00-DCR-0001 General Site Conditions

 0000-00-SPE-0002 Protective Coatings

 0000-01-PRC-1102 Equipment Numbering System

 0000-50-DCR-0001 Piping Design Criteria

 0000-50-SPE-0001 Pipe Specification

1.4 Order of Precedence

In the event of a conflict between this specification and any requirements of statutory
regulations, referenced codes or standards, the more stringent shall be used, where
there is doubt the following order of precedence shall apply:

 Mongolian regulations, codes and standards;

 Project design criteria;

 Project technical specifications and datasheets;

 Referenced codes and standards.

Conflicting requirements shall be referred to the Owner or its authorised
representative for resolution.
1.5 Terminology

 Casting Quality Factor: A factor Ec assigned to the quality of castings as

defined by ASME B31.3.

 Contractor: Company responsible for purchasing and installation of purchased

materials.
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 Critical Areas: Areas for radiographic coverage that shall be a matter of

agreement between the Owner and the Supplier in accordance with ASME
B16.34.

 Item Description: Item description shown in the Bills of Material.

 Major Repairs: Repairs defined as major in ASTM-A217.

 Manufacturer: Company producing purchased materials

 Minor Repairs: Repairs not defined as major repairs.

 MTR: Manufacturer Test Reports

 NPS: Nominal Pipe Size

 PO: Purchase Order

 Owner: Oyu Tolgoi LLC or its authorised representative.

 Refurbishment: The furnishing of valves that are not new and not the original
Manufacturer's production.

 Supplier: Company supplying purchased materials.

 100 Percent Examination: Referring to 100 percent volumetric examination by

radiography or 100 percent of exterior surface examination by dye penetrant or
magnetic particle; it shall be as defined in the PO or Item Description or valve
data sheet and shall not be required unless so stated.
1.6 General Design and Construction

All valve design, material of construction, fabrication and testing shall be as per the
valve data sheets, PO or Item Description, applicable codes and standards and as
required by this specification.

The valve data sheets indicate the design conditions, including design pressure,
design temperature and service fluid with the fluid chemistry.
Valves shall be bi-directional unless valve construction specifically renders this
impractical (e.g. globe, check and needle valves). For uni-directional valves, an
indicator showing flow direction shall be cast or forged onto the valve body.
Valves specified as “Fire-Safe” shall meet the requirements of API 607.
All carbon steel valves and corrodible external parts shall be supplied finish painted
to Owner approved manufacturer’s standard. Details of preparation and painting
offered shall be supplied by the Supplier at bid stage for review and approval by the
Owner.
1.7 Submittals

All submittals from the Supplier shall be retained by the Contractor for the duration of
the project and submitted to the Owner at the completion of the Contractor’s work.

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1.7.1 Certificate of Compliance

The Supplier shall furnish Certification of Compliance to all requirements of the PO.
The certification shall include the Contractor’s PO number, Item Code Numbers,
name and address of supplier and shall be certified by the Supplier’s quality
assurance manager or authorised representative.
The following apply to valves with body and bonnet material specified to an ASME
(SA or SB) specification in the Item Description:

 Supplier shall furnish the manufacturer's Certification of Compliance with the

referenced ASME specification for the body, bonnet and bonnet bolting.
Documents shall be identified with Contractor's PO Number and Item Code
Number and shall be signed by the manufacturer's authorised agent.

 ASTM materials may be substituted for materials specified as ASME, provided

that the ASME specification is indicated (below the title) to be identical with the
corresponding ASTM specification for the grade, class or type produced. The
manufacturer shall state the dual compliance on the Certification of
Compliance. ASTM specification material substitutions shall be submitted for
evaluation at the time of quotation.
1.7.2 Manufacturer Test Reports (MTR)

A complete MTR showing results of all chemistry and physical tests shall be
provided for impact tested steels, chrome steel, stainless steel and high alloy valves.
The MTR shall include, as a minimum, name of supplier, name of prime material
manufacturer and plant location, Contractor’s PO, Item Code Number, material
specification, grade and class, actual test results of chemical analysis and
mechanical properties and certified by quality assurance manager or authorised
representative.
1.7.3 Welding Procedures

If specified in the PO or in the Item Description, and if valves are manufactured with
pressure retaining welds (including seal welds and where castings are repaired by
welding), the Supplier shall furnish the manufacturer’s welding procedures (QW-482)
and procedure qualifications (QW-483) to the Contractor. The Contractor shall retain
these documents and furnish them for review by the Owner upon request. The
procedures and qualifications shall be in accordance with ASME Section IX and shall
specify the maximum allowable fit-up offset and misalignment for girth and miter joint
butt welds. The qualification shall include hardness testing in accordance with
applicable Piping Code, that is ASME B31.1, ASME B31.3, ASME B31.4, etc. The
hardness testing shall be performed on the base metal, weld metal, heat affected
zone and after any required heat treatment.
1.7.4 Supply of Drawings

The Supplier shall furnish dimensional drawings or catalogue information for all
valves (other than the referenced valves) with the Supplier’s quotation.
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Dimensional drawings shall also be furnished for the following with the Supplier’s
quotation:

 Valves larger than NPS 24

 Class 900 and higher rating

 Valves for which published catalogue dimensional data are not available

 Gear operator installations

 Valves with nonstandard dimensions

 Valves with welded-on nipples

 Detail of the end bevel for weld-end valves with nominal wall thickness greater
than 22 mm

 As required by Item Code Purchase Description or PO

Drawings shall include materials of construction with referenced material
specification.
The Supplier shall be prepared to furnish, on request, dimensional drawings showing
stem or shaft sealing design and number of size of packing rings or stem seals
required for each type and size of valve in the PO.
Total weight of the valve including operator shall be shown on the drawings.
1.7.5 Hydrostatic Test Certification

The Supplier shall furnish certification of hydrotest in accordance with this

specification. The test results may be included in the MTR. The Contractor shall
retain test certificates and furnish then for review by Owner upon request.
1.7.6 Maximum Field Pressure Test

The Supplier shall furnish to the Contractor the maximum allowable hydrostatic shell
and seat test pressures that valves can be subjected to, during field pressure testing,
for valves not manufactured in accordance with a standard. The Contractor shall
retain documents and furnish them for review by the Owner upon request.
1.8 Quality Assurance

1.8.1 Inspection Authorisation

Examination or tests may be reviewed or witnessed by the Owner or its authorised

agent at the Supplier's or manufacturer's facility.

 A general inspection of the facility for quality control procedures may be made
as selected by the Owner.

 Valve castings shall have visual inspection in accordance with MSS SP-55 as
selected by the Owner.

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 Repairs shall be inspected as selected by the Owner after the repairs have
been made.
1.8.2 Refurbishment

 Refurbishment is not permitted unless specifically authorised by the Owner.

 Modification of new valves is permitted only if specifically authorised, and if the

requirements of this specification are satisfied.
1.8.3 Major Repairs

Major repairs as defined by ASTM A217 shall not be performed without

authorisation. Welding procedures may be furnished for the Owner’s approval (refer
to Section 1.7.3).
1.9 Valve Numbering

Each manual valve shall be individually identified and this number shall be shown on
Process and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) and all drawings to aid for use in
operating and isolation procedures and maintenance.
Valve numbering including manual valves and control actuated valves shall be in
accordance with Equipment Numbering System 0000-01-PRC-1102.

Refer to Table 1.9 for valve types and descriptions.

Table 1.9: Valve Types and Descriptions

Valve Type Abbreviation Valve Type Description

BA Ball Valve
BU Butterfly Valve
CH Check Valve
GA Gate Valve
GL Globe Valve
KG Knifegate Valve
NE Needle Valve
PL Plug Valve
PN Pinch Valve
AV Air or Vacuum Release

All valves shall be furnished with stainless steel identification tags as per Section
2.3.2 of this specification.

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2. PRODUCTS
2.1 Fabrication and Manufacture

2.1.1 Fabrication by Welding

Valves fabricated entirely or partially by welding, not including seal welds of bonnets,
shall comply with the design requirements of this specification unless where
specifically authorised. Welding procedures are required for the Owner’s approval
prior to commencement of fabrication.
All welding or repair of castings etc shall be performed in accordance with written
procedures qualified in accordance with ASME IX.
2.1.2 Repairs

Minor casting repairs shall conform to the ASTM specification referenced for
manufacture. Limitations on imperfections and method and extent of required
examination for repairs shall be the same as required for the original castings.
Repair of castings by peening or impregnation with metallic or non-metallic materials
is prohibited.
2.1.3 Modification of New Valves

Modifications are not permitted without authorisation.

Modifications to valves that have been completely assembled and pressure tested
by the manufacturer shall conform to one of the following, as applicable:

 Modifications by the manufacturer

If modifications have been performed by the manufacturer of the valve, the
completely modified valve shall be pressure tested in accordance with the
requirements of this specification.

 Modifications by others
Modifications shall be described in the quotation and shall contain the
information listed below:
i) The extent of the modification (for example, packaging change, new seat
material, refacing of flange faces etc).
ii) The name of the firm performing the modification.
iii) Statement of warranty.
2.2 Inspection and Test

2.2.1 Pressure Testing

Valves shall be pressure tested in accordance with the standard to which they are
manufactured. Valves manufactured to an API standard shall be tested to API STD
598. Steel valves not covered by an API standard shall be tested in accordance with

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MSS SP-61. Other valves shall be tested in accordance with the procedures of MSS
SP-61 except that the test pressures shall be as follows:

 Shell: 1.5 × P

 Seat: 1.0 × P
where P = The non-shock cold working pressure or WOG (Water-Oil-Gas) rating
specified by the manufacturer.
Pressure testing of valves with austenitic stainless steel internal parts shall conform
to the following additional requirements:

 Only water containing less than 50 ppm (part per million) chloride ion shall be
used for pressure testing.

 Following pressure testing, the test water shall be immediately drained and
valves shall be dried by blowing with air or dry nitrogen.
The type or style of valve stem packing or stem seals used during pressure testing
shall be the same as that specified to be supplied with the valve.
Valves packed for vacuum (external pressure) service shall be allowed the same
leak rate as defined for internal pressure.
2.2.2 Examination

Visual examination is required on all valves.

Nominated stainless steel and high alloy valves (as specified in the valve data sheet
or Item Description) shall be subjected to Positive Material Identification (PMI).
Examination is required only where specified in the Item Description or the PO.
Surfaces to be examined shall be clean and free from surface conditions that may
mask unacceptable conditions.
Personnel performing or evaluating examinations other than visual examination and
hardness testing shall be qualified in accordance with the ASNT SNT-TC-1A. Only
Level II or Level III personnel shall be authorised to interpret results for radiographic
and ultrasonic examinations.

 Valve castings shall meet the visual acceptance standards of MSS SP-55.

 If radiographic examination is specified or performed, examination and

acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with MSS SP-54.

 Where Casting Quality Factor of 1.00 or “Category M service” is specified in

the Item Description, the additional requirements of ASME B31.3 paragraph
302.3.3(c) for Ec = 1.00 shall apply.

 If magnetic particle examination is specified or performed, examination and

acceptance criteria shall follow MSS SP-53.

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i) If magnetic particle examination has been specified, liquid penetrant

examination may be applied only to surfaces not accessible for magnetic
particle examination.
ii) Where Casting Quality Factor of 1.00 or “Category M service” is
specified in the Item Description, the additional requirements of ASME
B31.3 paragraph 302.3.3(c) for Ec = 1.00 shall apply.

 If liquid penetrant examination is specified or performed, examination and

acceptance criteria shall follow MSS SP-93.

 If ultrasonic examination is specified or performed, examination and

acceptance criteria shall follow MSS SP-94.

 Impact tests, if required by the material specification or Item Description, shall

be in accordance with applicable Piping Code, that is ASME B31.1, ASME
B31.3, ASME B31.4, etc. Impact test is required for all items used for low
temperature service as described in item description.

 Evaluation of flange face damage shall be in accordance with ASME B16.5

paragraph 6.4.6 for sizes up to NPS 24.
2.3 Identification and Tagging

2.3.1 Marking

Each valve shall be marked in strict accordance with the standard reference for
manufacture except that minimum requirements of MSS-SP-25 shall be satisfied.
2.3.2 Tagging

 Each valve shall be fitted with a marine grade stainless steel valve
identification tag securely attached with no fewer than 6 twists of stainless
steel wire. Paper or plastic tags are unacceptable.

 Tags shall normally be attached to the gland bolting. Tags on valves that do
not have gland bolting may be attached to the handwheel or other appropriate
location. Attachment of tags through bolt holes of end flanges is not permitted.

 Each tag shall be clearly stamped with the Valve Tag Number. Ink or paint is
not acceptable for marking.

 If the Item Description specifies that the valve is for a specific service, the
supplier shall attach an additional tag spelling out this requirement.

 For example: FOR CHLORINE SERVICE

 The minimum dimensions for tags and wire shall be in accordance with the
following:
i) Size of tag

 Round 40 mm diameter

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 Rectangular 12 mm by 70 mm
ii) Thickness of tag 1.2 mm minimum
iii) Lettering height 8 mm minimum
iv) Wire diameter 2 mm minimum
Note: Proper tagging is essential in the Owner’s material management
system. The Supplier must comply with this requirement.
2.3.3 Flow Direction

Flow or pressure indication shall be marked on unidirectional valves in accordance

with MSS-SP-25.
2.4 Preparation for Shipment

 Gate, globe and butterfly valves shall be in the closed position for shipment.

 Valves shall be shipped with the correct stem packing installed and with the
gland follower sufficiently tightened to prevent loss of packing gland bolting
during shipment.

 Valves shall be prepared in such a manner as to avoid damage or atmospheric

corrosion to inside or outside surfaces or parts, during storage or while in
transit. Use API STD 600 as a minimum standard of acceptance.

 Un-machined exterior surfaces of the shell of ferritic valves shall be painted.

Austenitic stainless steel valves shall not be painted.

 Austenitic stainless steel valves shall be protected from chlorine attack such as
might occur from exposure to saltwater spray or atmosphere during shipment,
cleaning, fabrication, testing, and storage. Protection shall also be provided if
shipping by truck in areas where road salt is used. Consideration shall be
given to enclosing or wrapping in a vapour-proof barrier material.

 Unless export packaging is specified, valves may be shipped loose or packed

in a box or crate.

 If export packaging is specified, valves shall be shipped in wooden boxes or

crates, individually or collectively, in a manner to prevent shifting within the
container.

 Threaded and socket weld openings shall be closed with plastic or metal
protectors to exclude dirt and other foreign matter from the interior of the
valves.

 Flange facings and butt welding ends shall be protected over the entire gasket
seating surface or weld end with high-impact plastic covers and secured with
lock plugs (integral or separate) or steel strapping. Plastic end protectors of at
least 12 mm thickness, secured with at least 4 bolts or with steel strapping, are
also acceptable. Cardboard or pressboard end protectors (which absorb water)
are unacceptable.
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 Carbon steel and ferritic alloy steel flanged and butt weld end valves shall
have end flange facing and bevels coated with a peelable or solvent-
removable rust-preventative coating before the end protectors are applied.

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3. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR GATE, GLOBE AND

CHECK VALVES
3.1 General

Valves shall be in accordance with the general requirements of ASME B16.34 or API
STD 600, except as noted below.
3.2 Materials

3.2.1 Brass and Bronze Valves

 Design of brass and bronze valves shall comply with MSS SP-80.

 Materials of construction shall be the manufacturer's standard except asbestos

or asbestos bearing material shall not be used.
3.2.2 Cast Iron and Ductile Iron Valves

 Cast iron valves shall comply with MSS SP-70, MSS SP-71, or MSS SP-85, as
applicable.

 Materials of construction shall be the manufacturer's standard except asbestos

or asbestos bearing material shall not be used.
3.2.3 Forged Steel, Low Alloy and Stainless Steel Valves

 Design
Class 800 gate valves (including extended body design) shall comply with API
STD 602. Globe, angle and check valves shall comply with API STD 602
insofar as applicable. Valves over Class 800 shall comply with ASME B16.34.

 Trim
If F6 (13 chrome or 410 stainless) trim is specified in the Item Description,
hardfaced seats or seats and disc may be provided. If hardfaced seats and
disc are specified, both the seats and the disc shall be hardfaced. Hardfacing
shall be of Number 6 composition or equal, according to AWS A5.13 Grade
CoCrA. For trim materials whose hardness API STD 602 or API STD 600 does
not specify, there shall be a minimum differential hardness of 50 BHN between
the seating surfaces and the disc surfaces.

 Stem Packing
Packing shall be pure graphite foil packing suitable for 538°C oxidizing
services with braided graphite fiber rings on the top and bottom of the packing
stack, unless other packing is specified in the Item Description.

 Bonnet Gaskets
Gaskets shall be spiral wound metal with filler. Metal windings shall be same
as body and bonnet (Type 304 stainless minimum) and filler shall be pure
graphite, unless otherwise stated in the Item Description.
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 Bonnet Bolting
Bolting shall be ASTM-A193 Grade B7 with ASTM-A194 Grade 2H nuts unless
otherwise specified in the Item Description.

 Metallurgy
i) Austenitic stainless steels shall be furnished in the solution annealed
condition.
ii) Monel body material for screwed, socket-weld end and butt-weld end
valves shall be of a weldable composition.
3.2.4 Cast Steel and Low Alloy Valves

 Design
Bolted bonnet gate valves shall comply with API STD 600 or ASME B16.34, as
applicable. Globe, angle and conventional check valves shall comply with API
STD 600 insofar as applicable, including minimum wall thickness and stem
diameter.
Pressure seal bonnet valves shall comply with ASME B16.34. Seal welded
bonnet valves shall comply with ASME B16.34. Wafer check valves shall
comply with API STD 594.

 Trim
The base material of discs shall be of the same material (or higher alloy) as
the body. Where F6 (13 chrome or 410 stainless) trim is specified, hardfaced
seats, or seats and disc may be provided. If hardfaced seats and disc is
specified, both the seats and the disc shall be hardfaced. Hardfacing shall be
Number 6 composition or an approved substitute, in accordance with AWS
A5.13 Grade CoCrA. For trim materials whose hardness API STD 602 or API
STD 600 does not specify, there shall be a minimum differential hardness of
50 BHN between the seating surfaces and the disc surfaces.

 Stem Packing
Packing shall be a graphite, braided, non-asbestos packing suitable for 425°C
steam or petroleum services and containing a sacrificial metal corrosion
inhibitor, or pure graphite foil packing suitable for 538°C oxidizing services with
braided graphite fiber rings on the top and bottom of the packing stack.

 Bonnet Gaskets
Class 150 oval bonnet gasket shall be of the corrugated metal type with
graphite filler. Metallurgy shall be the same or better than bonnet material. For
Class 300 and higher rating, gaskets shall conform to the requirements of API
STD 600. For round bonnets, gaskets shall be spiral wound metal with filler, or
solid corrugated metal. Metal windings shall be Type 304 stainless minimum
and filler shall be non-asbestos suitable for 425°C or graphite, unless
otherwise stated in the Item Description. Ring joint bonnet gasket designs shall
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have a smooth radius transition between the bottom and sides of the ring
groove. Maximum allowable hardness of ring joint gaskets shall follow ASME
B16.20.

 Bonnet Bolting
Bolting shall be ASTM-A193 Grade B7 with ASTM-A194 Grade 2H nuts unless
otherwise specified in the Item Description.
3.2.5 Cast Stainless and High Alloy Valves

 Design
Class 150 bolted bonnet gate valves shall comply with API STD 603. Class
150 globe, angle and conventional check valves shall comply with ASME
B16.34. Class 300 and higher bolted bonnet gate valves shall comply with API
STD 600, except wall thickness may comply with ASME B16.34. Pressure seal
bonnet valves shall comply with ASME B16.34. Seal welded bonnet valves
shall comply with ASME B16.34. Wafer check valves shall comply with API
STD 594.

 Trim
The base material of discs shall be of the same material (or higher alloy) as
the body. For trim materials whose hardness API STD 600 does not specify,
there shall be a minimum differential hardness of 50 BHN between the seating
surfaces and the disc surface. If "Stellited Seats and Disc" is specified, either
hardfacing overlay or a case-hardening treatment shall be furnished.
Hardfacing shall be of Number 6 composition or an approved substitute, in
accordance with AWS A5.13 Grade CoCrA. ASTM-A564, Grade 630 (17-4PH
stainless steel) used for stems shall be heat treated in accordance with NACE
MR 0175 / ISO 15156, Appendix A, and shall have a hardness within the range
of HRC 29 to HRC 33.

 Stem Packing
Packing shall be a graphite, braided, non-asbestos packing suitable for 538°C
steam or petroleum services, and containing a sacrificial metal corrosion
inhibitor, or pure graphite foil packing suitable for 425°C oxidizing services with
braided graphite fiber rings on the top and bottom of the packing stack. Where
TFE packing is specified in the Item Description, it may be either braided non-
asbestos packing impregnated with TFE, braided pure TFE packing, or pure
virgin TFE chevron rings. Graphite is not permitted in any TFE packing.

 Bonnet Gaskets
For Class 150 oval bonnets, gaskets shall be corrugated 316 SS with graphite
filler as a minimum. For round bonnets, gaskets shall be spiral wound metal
with filler or solid corrugated metal. Metal windings shall be same as body and
bonnet (Type 304 stainless minimum) and filler shall be non-asbestos suitable

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for 425°C or graphite, unless otherwise stated in the Item Description. Ring
joint bonnet gasket designs shall have a smooth radius transition between the
bottom and sides of the ring groove. Maximum allowable hardness of ring joint
gaskets shall be in accordance with ASME B16.20.

 Bonnet Bolting
Bolting shall be ASTM-A193 Grade B7 with ASTM-A194 Grade 2H nuts unless
otherwise specified in the Item Description. ASTM-A193 Grade B8 or B8M,
Class 2, with ASTM- A194 Grade 8 or 8M nuts, are also acceptable. Bolt
protrusion through the nut shall be 1-1/2 threads maximum.

 Metallurgy
i) Austenitic stainless steels shall be furnished in the solution annealed
condition.
ii) Monel body material for screwed, socket-weld end and butt-weld end
valves shall be of a weldable composition.
3.3 Design Criteria

3.3.1 Dimensions

Valves shall have an end-to-end dimension in accordance with ASME B16.10 unless
specified to API SPEC 6D in Item Description. End-to-end dimensions of flanged
end, butt weld end or wafer type valves that differ from the manufacturer and figure
number listed in the Item Description, such as short pattern versus regular pattern,
are not permitted without authorisation.
3.3.2 No Copper

Valves specified in the Item Description as "No Copper Permitted" shall not have
materials containing copper, aluminum, or zinc (except trace elements) used in their
construction. This includes internal and external parts such as trim, backseat or yoke
bushing, stem nut and gland follower.
3.3.3 Welded-on Flanges

Flanged end valves with welded-on flanges other than those specified as API STD
602 pattern are not permitted. Butt weld ends machined from flanged valves are not
permitted.
3.3.4 End Bores

Weld bevels and end preparation shall be in accordance with ASME B16.25. Bore
diameters at the end bevel shall be in accordance with ASME B36.10M or B36.19M,
as applicable when specified as a schedule.
3.3.5 Threaded and Socket-weld Ends

Threaded ends shall have taper pipe threads in accordance with ASME B1.20.1.
Socket-weld ends shall be in accordance with ASME B16.11.

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3.3.6 Flange Finish

The finish for gasket surfaces of flanged ends shall be in accordance with ASME
B16.5.
3.3.7 Backseat

Gate and globe valves shall have backseat designs that permit repacking under
pressure while the valve is in the open position.
3.3.8 Body Tappings

Location and designation of body tappings, if so specified in the Item Description,

shall be in accordance with Figure 1 of ASME B16.34. Tappings shall be taper pipe
threaded in accordance with ASME B1.20.1 and shall be fitted with solid forged
plugs of the same basic metallurgy as the valve body. Socket-welding openings shall
be in accordance with ASME B16.11 and shall be fitted with plastic plugs.
3.3.9 Wedge and Disc Design

Gate valves shall be solid wedge or flexible wedge at the manufacturer's option,
unless otherwise specified. Globe valves shall have plug type disc.
3.3.10 Operators

 Gear operators shall be fully enclosed type with cast housing, furnished with a
stem protector. Enclosures fabricated from sheet metal are not permitted.

 Gear operators/handwheels shall be sized to operate the valve under full

differential pressure unless a lower maximum differential is stated in the Item
Description. Maximum allowable rim pull is 350 N.

 Vertical post indicator valves are designed to manually operate non-rising stem
(inside screw) gate valves, which are used for the fire water system (buried
valves). They feature a telescoping stem that can be adjusted so that the final
position of the valve “Open” and “Shut” can be correctly set. Post indicator
Model No. is Mueller 20801 or Kennedy 2945 or approved equivalent.
3.3.11 Tapped Bolt Holes

 Tapped bolt holes in valve bodies such as in lug type or single flange valves
shall be threaded in accordance with ASME B1.1. Threads shall be the Coarse
Thread Series (UNC) through 1 inch bolt size and the 8 Pitch Thread Series
(8UN) for bolt sizes of 1-1/8 inches and larger, with a Class 2B tolerance.

 Bolt pattern for tapped bolt holes in valve bodies shall be in accordance with
ASME B16.5 for sizes up to NPS 24 and ASME B16.47 Series A for sizes
larger than NPS 24, unless otherwise specified in the Item Description.

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4. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BALL & BUTTERFLY

VALVES
4.1 General

Valves shall be in accordance with the general requirements of ASME B16.34,

except as noted below.
4.2 Materials

4.2.1 Materials of construction shall be the manufacturer's standard except asbestos

materials are not permitted.
4.2.2 Trim

The base material of balls discs, and plugs shall be of the same material or higher
alloy than the body. If carbon steel or nickel coated trim is specified, 316 stainless
steel may be provided.
4.2.3 Stem Packing

 Where graphite packing is specified in the Item Description, packing shall be a

graphited, braided, non-asbestos packing suitable for 425°C steam or
petroleum services and shall contain a sacrificial metal corrosion inhibitor, or
pure graphite foil packing suitable for 425°C oxidizing services with braided
graphite fiber rings on the top and bottom of the packing stack.

 Where TFE packing is specified in the Item Description, it may be either

braided non asbestos packing impregnated with TFE, braided pure TFE
packing or pure virgin TFE chevron rings. Graphite is not permitted in TFE
packing, unless specified in the PO Item Description as Teflon filled with
graphite.
4.2.4 Bonnet Gaskets

For valves specified in the Item Description as fire safe or fire tested, gaskets shall
be graphite or spiral wound metal with filler. Metal windings shall be type 304
stainless minimum and filler shall be non-asbestos suitable for 425°C or graphite,
unless otherwise stated in the PO Item Description.
4.2.5 Bonnet Bolting

Bolting shall be ASTM-A193 grade B7 with ASTM-A194 grade 2H nuts unless

otherwise specified in the Item Description. Bolt protrusion through the nut shall be
1-1/2 threads maximum.
4.2.6 Metallurgy

Austenitic stainless steels shall be furnished in the solution annealed condition.

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4.2.7 No Copper

Valves specified in the Item Description as "No Copper Permitted" shall not have
parts made of metal containing copper, aluminum, or zinc (except trace amounts).
This includes internal and external parts such as trim, grounding spring, stem
bearings and gland follower.
4.3 Design Criteria

4.3.1 Ball Valves

 Ball valves shall provide a continuous electrical path between ball and body or
shall be equipped with a spring or spring-loaded pin to provide grounding.

 Ball valves shall be the reduced-port type unless otherwise specified in the PO
Item Description. Reduced port ball valves shall have a bore through the ball
no less than that specified in API SPEC 6D.

 Ball valves with elastomer, polyurethane, Teflon or other soft seats shall
provide bubble tight shutoff in accordance to API STD 598 high pressure
closure test.

 Valve Body
i) When unibody or 1-piece body is specified, ball valve shall have no
external body joints.
ii) When 2-piece bolted body is specified, ball valve shall have no threaded
body joints.
iii) When end entry or split body is specified, either is acceptable.
iv) Stem seal or packing areas split between 2 of the body components are
not acceptable.
v) Supplier shall certify that body joints, including the stem seals, shall not
leak under the loads of a fully stressed connecting piping system, as
defined in ASME B31.3.

 Ball valves specified as floating ball may be furnished as trunnion mounted

ball. Ball valves specified as trunnion mounted may be furnished as floating
ball only with authorisation.

 Trunnion mounted ball valves shall have a means of relieving excessive body
cavity pressure.

 Stems shall be of blowout proof design.

4.3.2 Butterfly Valves

 Face-to-face dimensions of rubber lined and high performance butterfly valves

shall comply with API STD 609.

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 Butterfly valves with elastomer, polyurethane, Teflon or other soft seats shall
provide bubble-tight shutoff in accordance to API STD 598 unless otherwise
specified in the PO Item Description.

 Butterfly valves shall be bi-directional and provide equal shutoff in either flow
direction to the full pressure rating of the valve.

 Lug type butterfly valves shall hold full rated pressure in either flow direction
with the mating flange disconnected.

 Valve gasket seating surface area shall not contain any disruptions (screw
holes or retainer edge) within the effective sealing area of an ASME B16.20
spiral wound gasket.

 Disc shall stay in the closed position against full rated pressure in either flow
direction if the operator becomes disconnected from the shaft.
4.3.3 Dimensions

Valves shall have an end-to-end dimension in accordance with standards referenced

for manufacture. End-to-End dimensions of valves that differ from Manufacturer and
figure number listed in the PO Item Description (such as short pattern versus regular
pattern) are not permitted without written authorisation from the Owner.
4.3.4 Welded-on Flanges

Flanged end valves with welded-on flanges are not permitted. Butt weld ends
machined from flanged valves are not permitted.
4.3.5 End Bores

Weld bevels and end preparation shall be in accordance with ASME B16.25.
4.3.6 Threaded and Socket Weld Ends

Threaded ends shall have taper pipe threads in accordance with ASME B1.20.1.
Socket weld ends shall be in accordance with ASME B16.11.
4.3.7 Flange Finish

The finish for gasket surfaces of flanged ends shall be in accordance with ASME
B16.5.
4.3.8 Operators

 Lever operated valves shall be furnished with individual levers, wrenches or

handles.

 Gear operators
i) Gear operators shall be fully enclosed type with cast housing, furnished
with a position indicator. Designs capable of being misassembled such
that the position indicator could indicate an orientation different from the
valve internals are not permitted.

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ii) Enclosures fabricated from sheet metal are not permitted.

 Lever and gear operators shall be sized to operate at full differential pressure
with a maximum allowable rim pull of 350 N.
4.3.9 Tapped Bolt Holes

Refer to 3.3.11.

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5. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR KNIFEGATE VALVES

5.1 General

Valves shall be in accordance with the general requirements of ASME B16.34,

except as noted below.
5.2 Materials

5.2.1 Valve Seat

 Valves with elastomer, polyurethane, Teflon or other soft seats shall provide
bubble tight shutoff in accordance with API 598.

 Metal seats shall be of the material specified in the Item Description. Seat
leakage rates shall be in accordance with API 598.

 Reinforced thermosetting resin material used in seats shall be made from the
resin specified in the Item Description. No resin substitution shall be permitted
without authorisation.

 Stellite faced seats shall be of No. 6 composition or equal, per AWS A5.13
Grade CoCrA.
5.2.2 Valve Gate

 Gates shall have a finish of 0.81 micrometer Ra or smoother.

 Gates shall have a knife edge unless specified in the Item Description as
square edge.

 Reinforced thermosetting resin material used as a gate shall be made from the
resin specified in the Item Description. No resin substitution shall be permitted
without authorisation from the Owner.

 If not specified in the Item Description, gates shall be the same material or a
higher alloy than the specified body material.

 Austenitic stainless steel gates shall be furnished in the solution annealed

condition.
5.2.3 Trim

Where Stellited Seats and Gate is specified, both the seats and the gate shall be
hardfaced. Hardfacing shall be of No. 6 composition or equal, per AWS A5.13 grade
CoCrA. There shall be a minimum differential hardness of 50 BHN between the
seating surfaces and the gate surfaces.
5.2.4 Stem Packing / Gate Seal

 When graphite packing/seal is specified in the Item Description, it shall be a

graphited, braided non-asbestos packing suitable for 425°C steam or
petroleum services and containing a sacrificial metal corrosion inhibitor, or

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pure graphite foil packing suitable for 425°C oxidizing services with braided
graphite fiber rings on the top and bottom of the packing stack.

 Where TFE packing/seal is specified in the Item Description, it may be either

braided non-asbestos packing impregnated with TFE or braided pure PTFE
packing or pure virgin TFE chevron rings. Graphite is not permitted in any TFE
packing, unless specified in the purchase description as Teflon filled with
graphite.

 Other materials used as packing/seal shall be as specified in the Item

Description or approved as a substitution by the Owner. Maximum temperature
limits of the materials shall be available upon request.
5.2.5 Bonnet Joint Gaskets

Gaskets shall conform to the requirements of API 600. For round bonnets, gaskets
shall be spiral wound metal with filler. Metal windings shall be type 304 stainless
minimum and filler shall be non-asbestos or graphite, unless otherwise stated in the
PO. Ring joint bonnet gasket designs shall have a smooth radius transition between
the bottom and sides of the ring groove. Maximum allowable hardness of ring joint
gaskets shall be per ASME B16.20.
5.2.6 Bonnet/Body Bolting

Bolting shall be ASTM A193 Grade B7 with ASTM A194 Grade 2H nuts unless
otherwise specified in the PO. Bolt protrusion through the nut shall be 1-1/2 threads
maximum.
5.2.7 No Copper

Valves specified in the Item Description as "No Copper Permitted" shall not have
parts made of metal containing copper, aluminum or zinc (except trace elements).
This includes internal and external parts such as trim, backseat, yoke bushing or
stem nut and gland follower.
5.3 Design Criteria

5.3.1 General

 Bonnetless knifegate valves shall comply with requirements of MSS SP-81.

 Knifegate valves with bolted bonnets shall comply with API 600 insofar as
applicable.

 All knife gate valves shall have field replaceable gate, sleeve/liner and seal.

 Unless otherwise specified in the Item Description all knife gate valves shall
have a “push through” gate design.

 All knife gate valves shall be designed for slurry service without the
requirement for flushing of the seat area to ensure proper operation.

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5.3.2 Welded-on-Flanges

Flanged end valves with welded on flanges are not permitted. Butt weld ends
machined from flanged valves are not permitted.
5.3.3 Flange Finish

The finish for metallic gasket surfaces of flanged ends shall be in accordance with
ASME B16.5.
5.3.4 Operators

 Gear operators shall be fully enclosed type with cast housing. Enclosures
fabricated from sheet metal are not permitted.

 Hand-wheels and gear operators shall be sized to operate the valve under full
differential with a maximum allowable rim pull of 350 N.

 Knife gate valves shall have a design that accepts different types of operators
(handwheel, gear, air, hydraulic, etc) and permits “in-field” operator change
without any modification to the valve.
5.3.5 Tapped Bolt Holes

Refer to 3.3.11.

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6. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PINCH VALVES

6.1 Materials

The sleeve shall be one piece construction with integral full face flanges drilled to be
retained by the flange bolts. All valve metal parts shall be completely isolated from
the process fluid.
The sleeve shall be fabric reinforced to match service conditions. Reinforcement
should be of high tensile synthetic cord and shall be externally protected by a ply of
oil and UV resistant elastomer such as Neoprene.
Inner tube material of the sleeve shall be as specified in the PO Item Description.
The sleeve flanges and backing plates shall be drilled to mate with ASME B16.5
Class 150 flanges for NPS 24 or smaller, and ASME B16.47 “series A” flanges for
sizes larger than NPS 24.
Valves specified in the Item Description as "No Copper Permitted" shall not have
parts made of metal containing copper, aluminum or zinc (except trace elements).
This includes external parts such as yoke bushing and stem nut.
6.2 Design Criteria

Pinch valve shall be designed to provide bubble tight shutoff (zero leakage per API
598).
The pinch mechanism shall be double acting with pinching of the sleeve trim
occurring equally from top and bottom to ensure closure at centerline.
The sleeve shall be connected to the pinch bar by positive opening tabs imbedded in
the sleeve reinforcing ply.
A valve position indicator shall be provided on all valves.
All pinch valve sleeves shall be field-replaceable.
Gear operators shall be provided on all valves over NPS 8. Gear operators shall be
fully enclosed type with cast housing.
Handwheels and gear operators shall be sized to operate the valve under full
differential pressure with a maximum allowable rim pull of 350 N.
When required, chain operators shall be provided with adjustable impact type
sprocket rim, complete with chain-wheel guide arm and chain-wheel suspension.
For full port sleeves the port areas shall be 100% of the full pipe area. For cone and
variable orifice sleeves the inlet port area shall be 100% of the full pipe area,
reducing to a smaller port at the outlet. For reduced port sleeves, the port area shall
be 100% of the full pipe area at both ends.

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7. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR VACUUM AIR

RELEASE VALVES
7.1 General

7.1.1 Valves shall be in accordance with the general requirements of ASME B16.34 for
slurry systems, or AWWA C512 and AWWA C550 for water systems, except as
noted below.
7.1.2 Connections

 The valve body for valve size NPS 2 and smaller shall be threaded with NPT
inlets. The body connection shall be hexagonal for wrench connection.
Threaded ends shall have taper pipe threads in accordance with ASME
B1.20.1.

 The valve body for valve size NPS 3 and larger shall have bolted flange inlets
with threaded or plain outlets and protective hoods to prevent debris from
entering the valve. Flanges shall be in accordance with ASME B16.1 for Class
125 cast iron flanges and ASME B16.5 for Class 150 or Class 300 steel
flanges.

 The finish for gasket surfaces of flanged ends shall be in accordance with
ASME B16.5. Roughness heights outside of this range are not permitted.
7.1.3 Material

 Materials of construction shall be as specified on the valve data sheet, or

manufacturer's standard suitable for the design code and service if material is
not specified on the valve data sheet.

 All materials used in pressure containing components shall conform to a

published specification in accordance with the applicable piping design code.

 For water service, the valve body and cover shall be constructed of ASTM
A126 Class B cast iron for working pressure up to 300 psig. Higher pressure
rated valves shall be constructed of ASTM A536 Grade 65-45-12 ductile iron.

 Austenitic stainless steels shall be furnished in the solution annealed condition.

 Asbestos or asbestos bearing material shall not be used.

 Valves specified in the Item Description as "No Copper Permitted" shall not
have materials containing copper, aluminum, or zinc (except trace elements)
used in their construction.

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7.2 Air Release Valves

7.2.1 General

Air release valve shall be automatic float operated valves designed to release
accumulated air from piping system while the system is in operation and under
pressure.
7.2.2 Design

 The cover shall be bolted to the valve body and sealed with a flat gasket.
Resilient seats shall be replaceable and provide drop tight shut off to the full
valve pressure rating.

 Floats shall be unconditionally guaranteed against failure including pressure

surges. Mechanical linkage shall provide sufficient mechanical advantage so
that the valve will open under full operating pressure. Simple lever designs
shall consist of a single pivot arm and a resilient orifice button.

 The orifice, float and linkage mechanism shall be constructed of Type 304 or
316 stainless steel. The orifice button shall be Viton for simple lever valves and
Buna-N for compound lever designs.

 When specified in the data sheet or Item Description, an optional vacuum

check shall be provided on the outlet to prevent air from re-entering the system
during negative pressure conditions.
7.3 Air/Vacuum Valves

7.3.1 General

Air/Vacuum valves shall be automatic float operated valves designed to exhaust

large quantities of air from piping system during filling of the system and close upon
liquid entry. The valve shall re-open to allow air to re-enter during draining of the
system or if a negative pressure occurs.
7.3.2 Design

 The cover shall be bolted to the valve body and sealed with a flat gasket.
Resilient seats shall be replaceable and provide drop tight shut off to the full
valve pressure rating.

 Valve bodies shall provide a through flow area equal to nominal size. Floats
shall be unconditionally guaranteed against failure including pressure surges.

 For slurry applications the float shall be guided ball type.

 For water applications the float shall be guided to prevent contact with the
body and provide positive seating. Valve sizes NPS 4 and larger shall have a
cover fitted to the valve body by means of a machined register to maintain
concentricity between the top and bottom guide bushings at all times. The float
shall be protected against direct water impact by an internal baffle bolted to the

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cover or integrally cast in the body. The float, guide shafts and bushings shall
be constructed of Type 304 or 316 Stainless Steel. Valves with working
pressure above 1380 kPag shall have metal seat with synthetic seals.
7.4 Combination Air Valves

7.4.1 General

Combination air valves shall perform the function of both air release and air/vacuum
valves as described above, that is shall be automatic float operated valves designed
to exhaust large quantities of air during the filling of the piping system and close
upon liquid entry. The valve shall open during draining of if a negative pressure
occurs. The valve shall also release accumulated air from a piping system while
system is in operation and under pressure. The combination valve shall be furnished
as a single body or dual body type as indicated on the data sheet.
7.4.2 Design

 Combination air valves shall incorporate the requirements specified in

paragraphs 7.2 and 7.3 above.

 Single body combination valves shall have an expanded outlet to provide full
flow around the mechanism. The valve shall have a double guided plug on 2
inches and larger sizes and an adjustable threaded orifice button. The plug
shall be protected against direct water impact by internal baffle. On valve sizes
4 inches and smaller, the plug shall have a precision orifice drilled through the
center stem. On valve sizes 6 inches and larger, air release and air/vacuum
mechanisms shall be provided as separate units contained within the same
body.

 For water service the valve shall have two additional NPT connections for the
connection to gauges, testing and draining. Threads shall be per ASME
B1.20.1. Openings shall be plugged with solid, round or square head plugs of
wrought material having the same nominal composition as the body or a
comparable material approved by the Owner. Plugs shall not be made from
cast material.
7.4.3 Anti-Slam Device

 If specified in the data sheet or Item Description, an anti-slam device shall be

provided to prevent valve surges due to column separation or rapid changes in
velocity and pressure.

 The anti-slam device shall be mounted on the inlet of the combination air
valve, allow free air flow in and out of the valve, close upon water entry and
control the inlet water velocity to reduce the valve pressure surges.

 The device shall be a flanged, globe pattern, spring operated unit with a center
guided disc and seat assembly. The disc shall have threaded holes to provide
adjustment of the water flow rate through valve. The spring shall exert

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sufficient force to hold the disc open during high air flow conditions and allow
the disc to close upon water entry.

 The material of the body shall be consistent with the combination air valve.

 An optional regulated exhaust device shall be provided when specified on the

data sheet to reduce pressure surges due to column separation or rapid
changes in the velocity and pressure in the pipeline.

 The regulated exhaust device shall be mounted on the inlet of the combination
air valve, allow free air flow in and out of the valve, close upon rapid air
exhaust and control the air exhaust rate to reduce pressure surges.

 The device shall have a flanged globe-style body with a center guided disc and
seat assembly. The disc shall have threaded holes to provide adjustment of air
exhaust rate through the valve. The holes shall provide for a flow area of 5% of
the nominal valve size.

 The material of the body shall be consistent with the combination valve air
valve.

 The device shall have provided with stainless steel screened outlet for outdoor
installation.

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8. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PLUG VALVES

8.1 General

Valves shall be in accordance with the general requirements of ASME B16.34,

except as noted below.
8.2 Materials

8.2.1 Materials of construction shall be the manufacturer's standard except asbestos

materials are not permitted. As per the manufacturer’s standard the material for the
valve body shall be ASTM A216 grade WCB and the material for the plug shall be
ASTM 351 CF8M and the material for the sleeve and seal shall be PTFE.
8.2.2 Trim
The base material of plugs shall be of the same material or higher alloy than the
body. If carbon steel or nickel coated trim is specified, 316 stainless steel may be
provided.
8.2.3 Stem Packing

 Where graphite packing is specified in the Item Description, packing shall be a

graphited, braided, non-asbestos packing suitable for 425°C steam or
petroleum services and shall contain a sacrificial metal corrosion inhibitor, or
pure graphite foil packing suitable for 425°C oxidizing services with braided
graphite fiber rings on the top and bottom of the packing stack.

 Where PTFE [Teflon (polytetrafluorethylene)] packing is specified in the Item

Description, it may be braided non-asbestos packing impregnated with PTFE,
braided pure PTFE packing, or pure virgin PTFE chevron rings. PTFE packing
shall be self lubricating, resistant to all media (pH 0-14), UV-resistant and not
subject to aging. Graphite is not permitted unless specified in the PO Item
Description as Teflon filled with graphite.
8.2.4 Bonnet Gaskets
For valves specified in the Item Description as fire safe or fire tested,
gaskets shall be reinforced graphite or spiral wound metal with filler. Metal windings
shall be type 304 stainless minimum and filler shall be non-asbestos suitable for
425°C or graphite, unless otherwise stated in the PO Item Description.
8.2.5 Bonnet Bolting
Bolting shall be ASTM-A193 grade B7 with ASTM-A194 grade 2H nuts unless
otherwise specified in the PO Item Description. Bolt protrusion through the nut shall
be 1-1/2 threads maximum.
8.2.6 Metallurgy
Austenitic stainless steels shall be furnished in the solution annealed condition.

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8.2.7 No Copper
Valves specified in the Item Description as "No Copper Permitted" shall not have
parts made of metal containing copper, aluminum, or zinc (except trace amounts).
This includes internal and external parts such as trim, grounding spring, stem
bearings, and gland follower.
8.3 Design Criteria

8.3.1 Plug Valves

 Plug valves shall provide a continuous electrical path between plug and body
to provide grounding.

 Sleeved plug valves shall have sleeves securely locked inside the valve body
so that there will be no deformation or rotation of the sleeve during valve
operation.

 Lubricated plug valves shall be furnished with lubricant suitable for 230°C
operation.
8.3.2 Dimensions
Valves shall have an end-to-end dimension in accordance with standards referenced
for manufacture. End-to-End dimensions of valves that differ from Manufacturer and
figure number listed in the PO Item Description (such as short pattern versus regular
pattern) are not permitted without written authorisation from the Owner.
8.3.3 Flanges
Flanged end valves with welded-on flanges are not permitted. Butt weld ends
machined from flanged valves are not permitted.
8.3.4 End Bores
Weld bevels and end preparation shall be in accordance with ASME B16.25.
8.3.5 Threaded and Socket Weld Ends
Threaded ends shall have taper pipe threads in accordance with ASME B1.20.1.
Socket weld ends shall be in accordance with ASME B16.11.
8.3.6 Flange Finish
The finish for gasket surfaces of flanged ends shall be in accordance with ASME
B16.5.
8.3.7 Operators

 Lever operated valves shall be furnished with individual levers, wrenches or

handles.

 Gear operators
i) Gear operators shall be fully enclosed type with cast housing, furnished
with a position indicator. Designs capable of being misassembled such

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that the position indicator could indicate an orientation different from the
valve internals are not permitted.
ii) Enclosures fabricated from sheet metal are not permitted.

 Lever and gear operators shall be sized to operate at full differential pressure
with a maximum allowable rim pull of 350 N.
8.3.8 Tapped Bolt Holes

Refer to 3.3.11.

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