Winter semester-2019-2020

EEE3003 - Power System Engineering

Name: M.Rajaperumal
Reg.no:18BEE0363

Faculty: Prof.Saravanan B

Lab Experiment-3

Modelling of in Transmission Line

Classification of Transmission lines
 Short transmission Line:

Question-1:

A single phase overhead transmission line delivers 4000

kW at 11 kV at 0·8 p.f. lagging. If resistance and reactance per
conductor are 0·15 Ω and 0·02 Ω respectively.

calculate :
( i) percentage regulation
(ii) sending end power factor
(iii) line losses
Theoretical Answer:
Software Used:

❖Matlab
Matlab Solution:

clc;
clear all;
pr=4000*10^3;
pf=0.8;
vr=11*10^3;
R=0.15;
L=0.028;
Z=complex(R,L);
IR=pr/(vr*pf)
ir=IR*complex(0.8,-0.6);
w=angle(ir);
a=abs(ir);
IS=ir;
VS=vr+(IS*Z)
vs=abs(VS)
angle=angle(VS)
Reg=((vs-vr)/vr)*100
po.fac=cos(angle+a);
powerfactor=rad2deg(po.fac)
PS=IS*VS*powerfactor
lineloss=PS-pr
line=abs(lineloss)

Corresponding Output:

IR =

454.5455
VS =

1.1062e+04 - 3.0727e+01i

vs =

1.1062e+04

angle =

-0.0028

Reg =

0.5657

powerfactor =

-31.5210

PS =

3.2114e+06 - 2.4225e+06i

lineloss =

-7.8861e+05 - 2.4225e+06i
line =

2.5476e+06

Result:
❖Percentage Regulation=0.54%
❖Sending End Power Factor=0.8
❖Line Loss=2456KW

End Condenser Method

Question-2

2. A (medium) single phase transmission line 100 km long has the following
constants :
• Resistance/km/phase = 0·15Ω
• Inductive reactance/km/phase = 0·377 Ω
• Capacitive reactance/km/phase = 31·87 Ω
• Receiving end line voltage = 132 kV

Assuming that the total capacitance of the line is localized at the receiving end
alone, determine:
(i) sending end current
(ii) line value of sending end voltage
(iii) regulation
(iv) sending end power factor The line is delivering 72 MW at 0·8 p.f.
lagging.
Theoretical Answer:
Software Used:

❖Matlab
Matlab Solution:
clc;
clear all;
R=0.15*100;
I=(0.37)*100;
C=31.87*100;
pr=72*10^6;
vr=132*10^3;
pf=0.8;
z=complex(R,I)
ir=pr/(vr*pf)
IR=ir*complex(0.8,-0.6)
fd=angle(IR)
d=(rad2deg(fd))
IC=(vr/C)*i;
IS=IR+IC
is=abs(IS)
VS=vr+(IS*z)
vs=abs(VS)
as=angle(VS)
e=rad2deg(as)
Reg=((vs-vr)/vr)*100
powerfactor=cos(d+e)
powerfactorpr=rad2deg(powerfactor)

Corresponding Output:

fd =

-0.6435

IS =

5.4545e+02 - 3.6767e+02i
is =

657.8023

VS =

1.5379e+05 + 1.4667e+04i

vs =

1.5448e+05

e=

5.4479

Reg =

17.0330

powerfactorpr =

0.73
Result:

❖ Sending end current=681A

❖ Line value of sending end voltage =154.773V
❖ Regulation=17.25%
❖ Sending end power factor=0.73

Nominal -T Method

Question-3:

3. A 3-phase, 50 Hz, overhead transmission line delivers 10 MW at

0·8 p.f. lagging and at 66 kV. The resistance and inductive reactance
of the line per phase are 10 Ωand 20 Ωrespectively while capacitance
admittance is 4 ×10−4 siemen.
Calculate :
(i) The sending end current
(ii) Sending end voltage (line-to-line)
(iii) Sending end power factor
(iv) Transmission efficiency Use nominal T method.

\
Theoretical Answer:
Software Used:

❖Matlab
Matlab Solution:

clc;
clear all;
f=50;
pr=10*10^6;
cosr=0.8;
vr=66*10^3;
vph=vr/sqrt(3);
r=10;
l=20;
z=complex(r,l);
Y=4*10^-4;
ir=pr/(sqrt(3)*vr*cosr);
IR=ir*complex(0.8,-0.6)
v1=vph+(IR*(z/2));
IC=Y*i*v1
IS=IC+IR
IS1=abs(IS)
VS=v1+(IS*(z/2))
sendingvoltage=abs(VS)
line=sendingvoltage*sqrt(3);
theta1=angle(VS)
theta2=angle(IS)
sendingpowerfactor=cos(theta1+theta2)
powersend=3*VS*IS*sendingpowerfactor
f=abs()
Trans.Efficiency=(pr/powersend)*100
s=abs(Trans.Efficiency)
Corresponding output:

IR =

87.4773 -65.6080i

IC =

-0.2187 +15.6794i

IS =

87.2586 -49.9286i

IS1 =

100.5332

VS =

4.0134e+04 + 1.1697e+03i

sendingvoltage =

4.0151e+04

theta1 = 0.0291
theta2 =

-0.5197

sendingpowerfactor =

0.8821

powersend =

9.4216e+06 - 5.0324e+06i

f=

1.0681e+07

TransEfficiency: 82.5792 +44.1088i

s=

93.6211

Result:
❖ Sending End Current=100A
❖ Sending End Voltage=69.54KV
❖ Sending End Power Factor=0.85
❖ Sending End Power=10239.211KW
❖ Transmission Efficiency=97%
 Nominal -𝝅 Method
A 3-phase, 50 Hz, overhead transmission line delivers 10
MW at 0·8 p.f. lagging and at 66 kV. The resistance and inductive reactance
of the line per phase are 10 Ωand 20 Ωrespectively while capacitance
admittance is 4 ×10−4 siemen.

Calculate :
(i) The sending end current
(ii) Sending end voltage (line-to-line)
(iii) Sending end power factor
(iv) Transmission efficiency Use nominal 𝝅 method.

Theoretical Answer:
Software Used:

❖Matlab
Matlab Solution:

clc;
clear all;
f=50;
pr=10*10^6;
pof=0.8;
vr=66*10^3;
r=10;
l=20;
z=complex(r,l);
Y=(4*10^-4);
vrphase=vr/(sqrt(3))
ir=pr/(sqrt(3)*vr*pof)
IR=ir*complex(0.8,-0.6)
IC1=(vrphase*Y/2)*i;
IL=IR+IC1;
VS=vrphase+(IL*z)%sending end voltage
VSLINE=VS*sqrt(3)
IC2=VS*i*(Y/2)
IS=IL+IC2
ISA=abs(IS)%Sending end current magnitude
theta1=angle(VS)
theta2=angle(IS)
u=theta1+theta2;
pofs=cos(theta1+theta2)
PS=3*VS*IS*pofs
ps=abs(PS)
tranefficiency=(pr/ps)*100

Corresponding output:

IR =

87.4773 -65.6080i

VS =

4.0140e+04 + 1.1697e+03i

VSLINE =

6.9524e+04 + 2.0259e+03i

IS =

87.2434 -49.9590i

ISA =

100.5351
pofs =

0.8819

PS =

9.4196e+06 - 5.0355e+06i

tranefficiency: 93.6237

Result:
❖Sending End Current-100A
❖Sending End Voltage(In line)-69.54KV
❖Sending End Power Factor-0.881
❖Transmission Efficiency-93 %

4.Line Transmission:
 Question-4:

A 150 km, 3-φ, 110 kV, 50 Hz transmission

line transmits a load of 40,000 kW at 0·8 p.f. lagging at the
receiving end. Resistance/km/phase = 0·15Ω ;
reactance/km/phase = 0·6 Ω; susceptance/km/phase = 10−5 S.
Determine
(i) The A, B, C and D constants of the line
(ii) Regulation of the line.
Theoretical Answer:
Software Used:

❖Matlab
Matlab Solution:

clc;
clear all;
r=0.15;
pr=40000*10^3;
vr=110*10^3;
l=0.6;
f=50;
pf=0.8;
c=10^-5;
Z=(complex(r,l))*150;
Y=(c*i)*150;
A=1+(Z*Y/2)+(Z^2*Y^2/24)
a=abs(A);
D=A
W=(Z/Y)^(1/2);
sinrootyz=((Z*Y)^(1/2))+(((Y*Z)^(3/2))/6);
B=W*sinrootyz
Q=(Y/Z)^(1/2)
C=Q *sinrootyz
ir=pr/(vr*pf*sqrt(3))
VS=(A*vr)+(B*ir)
vs=abs(VS)
Reg=(((vs/a)-vr)/vr)*100
Corresponding Output:

A=

0.9332 + 0.0165i

D=

0.9332 + 0.0165i

B=

21.4875 +88.1016i

Q=

0.0040 + 0.0005i

C=

-0.0000 + 0.0015i

ir =

262.4319

VS =
 1.0829e+05 + 2.4935e+04i

vs =

1.1113e+05

Reg =

8.2368

Result:

A =0.9332 + 0.0165i
B = 21.4875 +88.1016i
C =-0.0000 + 0.0015i
D = 0.9332 + 0.0165i

❖The Regulation of the Transmission is 8.023