Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
LAMO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lamo, Dupax del Norte, Nueva Vizcaya

The Effect of Eggshell

powder on the growth of
Eggplant (Solanum
melongena)

Revie Ann B. Pacubas

Roland Rich Lee A. Guinsatao
Daniel John A. Dela Cruz
Student Researchers
 Chapter I
Introduction

Rationale

We all know that fertilizers are used for proper and healthy growth of plants.
Well, a fertilizer is a substance, be it synthetic or organic, which is added to the soil in
order to increase the supply of essential nutrients that boost the growth of plants and
vegetation in that soil. Excessive fertilizer that washes into storm drains eventually
makes its way into bodies of water, such as rivers and lakes, causing pollution. It’s
also a problem from fertilizer use in home gardens. In addition to being an
environmental problem, it also a waste of money for the farmers. Organic Fertilizers
is best to use than synthetic fertilizer like commercial ones.
The key is to ensure that we have a good growing conditions so that the crop can
take up and make use of the applied nutrients. One important aspect of proper
conditions is balanced nutrition. There must be an adequate supply of all of the other
nutrients if the crop is to make use of the applied nitrogen and phosphorus. One
example of organic fertilizer is eggshell. Eggshell are primarily made out of calcium
carbonate, which is the ingredient found in agricultural lime. It contains 4 mg of
calcium and potassium, as well as very small amounts of phosphorus, magnesium and
sodium.
Fertilizer is a chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its
fertility and to help the growth of plants. Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is a purple
egg-shaped fruit of a tropical Old World plant, which is eaten as a vegetable.
The purpose of this study is to help farmers have an organic fertilizer with a low
price and sometimes priceless. It can also lessen pollution like water and soil. It can
also give them a nice and better quality of Eggplant. And especially they won’t waste
money for buying commercial fertilizers, because the fertilizer they’ll use is from
garbage.
 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to know if eggshells can be an organic fertilizer in eggplant.

Thus, it endeavors to answer the following questions:
1. How effective is eggshell powder on the growth of eggplant, in terms of:
a. Height of the plant
b. Color of the leaves
c. No. of fruits
2. Is there a significant difference between Eggshell powder and commercial
fertilizer, in terms of:
a. Height of the plant
b. Color of the leaves
c. No. of fruits

Conceptual Framework

IV DV

Height of the Plant

Color of leaves
Eggshell Powder
No. of fruits

Statement of the Null Hypothesis

-There is no significant difference between Eggshell powder and commercial

fertilizer.
Significance of the Study

-This study obtains to benefit the following members of the society:

Farmers- to help them have a new and affordable fertilizer to their plants and
crops.
Consumers- to give them better quality of eggplant and new organic
fertilizer(eggshell powder).
Business Industry- to let them pave the way on advertising of buying and
selling of the said product.

Scope and Delimitation

Involved in the study are eggshells that are regarded as waste. The investigation
aims to find out if eggshells can be supplementary as an organic fertilizer to produce
better quality of eggplant. It only limits on the study of eggshell powder as a fertilizer.

Definition of Terms

Fertilizer- is a chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its

fertility and to help the growth of plants.
Eggshell- are primarily made out of calcium carbonate, which is the ingredient
found in agricultural lime. It contains 4 mg of calcium and potassium, as well as very
small amounts of phosphorus, magnesium and sodium.
Calcium carbonate- is a calcium salt with formula CCaO3.it has a role as an
antacid, a food colouring, a food firming agent and a fertilizer
Egg plant- is a plant species in the night shade family solanaceae. Solanum
melongena is grown world wide for its edible fruit. Most commonly purple, the
spongy absorbent fruit is used in various cuisines.
 Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
Eggshell
James (2011) of 9 slap-up shipway To Recycle Eggshells stated that some people
are moving away from commercial products in favor of much instinctive alternatives.
There is no assurance that people can stomach continuous supply of a commercial
chalk that is wherefore in this study; researchers tried to find a better, low-cost and
more convenient way of producing chalk which is peer in quality to commercial
chalk. Chalk is a soft, white, poriferous aqueous rock, a form of limestone composed
of the mineral calcite, a atomic number 20 carbonate, or CaCO3 which comprises
more than 4% of the earths pertness and is found.

An Evaluation of Eggshell Waste/Waste Paper Mechanical Properties as Composite

Paper
The main objective of this research is to produce a recycled paper by using
eggshell waste as an additional material and to determine the optimum ratio of fibre
against paper pulp to get maximum tensile strength. This study proves clearly that
the process of pro-ducing paper by using eggshell wastes an additional material is
simple and very efficient at laboratory scale. In this research, the first main objective
is achieved when a paper is produced from a combination of waste paper and fibre of
egg-shell waste. By using a simple method of producing paper, the fibre was added
to waste paper according to the suitable and rele-vant ratio which is paper against
fibre, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6. The ratio was determined by weight in grams (g)
because it is more accurate and efficient to do so. The second objective is achieved
when the optimum ratio of paper against fibre were determined. The result obtained
by Universal Testing Machine indicates the optimum ratio of paper against pulp is
8:2, because it has the maximum tensile strength. This result proved that the paper
only needs small amounts of eggshell waste fibre to produce a paper with the
maximum tensile strength. This is because the fibre of the eggshell waste is so fine
and it is in powder state. Compared to the previous research, the researcher used
durian shell as fibre and obtained the ratio of paper against pulp 7:3 which is slightly
different from this research result. This is because the fibre from durian shell is
longer and coarser from eggshell waste fibre which is fine and in powder state. In
conclusion, this paper can be useful to a lot of industries be-cause of the maximum
tensile strength. One of the industry is food packaging using polystyrene because it is
non-biodegradable sub-stance which cannot be decomposed and also contains
harmful materials which effect the environment. Therefore, this paper which is
good in mechanical strength has a very high potential to replace the polystyrene
because paper is a biodegradable sub-stance, easy to decompose and very safe to
use widely..
Antioxidant activity of eggplant (Solanum melongena) in male albino rats exposed to
gamma irradiation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Abdel-Magied, N.; Ahmed, A.G.; Abo zid, N.M.
2012-01-01
The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential benefits of dietary supplementation
of eggplant (Solanum melongena) as antioxidant against γ- rays-induced biochemical
changes in male albino rats by estimating some of the components of antioxidant
defense in the; liver glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD)
and malondialdehyde (MDA), serum aspartate amino transferase,(AST), alanine
amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transaminase
(GGT), cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and
high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C). Male albino rats (120-150 g) were
divided into four groups as Control group, group 2 received diet supplemented with
10% of eggplant (Solanum melongnea) fruit for 21 successive days , group 3:
irradiated with a single dose (6.5 Gy), group 4 received eggplant for 21 successive
days then exposed to 6.5 Gy. All animals were sacrificed after 1, 3 and 8 days post
irradiation. Rats exposed to γ-rays exhibited a profound elevation of AST, ALT, ALP
and GGT activities, and lipid abnormalities .Noticeable drop in liver GSH content and
SOD activity associated with increase of MDA was recorded. Treatment with dietary
eggplant for 21 days before irradiation significantly abolished radiation induced
elevations in MDA and significantly elevates hepatic GSH content and SOD activity.
The levels of cholesterol, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C as well as the activities of AST, ALT,
and GGT in serum were significantly ameliorated and noticeable improvement in the
lipid profile levels

Foliar application of ascorbic acid mitigates sodium chloride induced stress in

eggplant (solanum melongena l.)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Jan, S.; Hamayun, M.
2016-01-01
The current work was designed to test the effect of sodium chloride on germination,
seedling establishment, vegetative growth, yield, chemical contents and ionic
composition of eggplant. The consequences of foliar application of ascorbic acid
(AA) on mitigation of adverse effects of sodium chloride were also tested. The seeds
of Solanum melongena were germinated using NaCl (60 mM, 100 mM) and ascorbic
acid (100 and 200 mM). High levels of salinity significantly affected the seed
germination and seedling fresh and dry weights. Plants grown under salinity stress
with foliar application of ascorbic acid showed significant increase in germination
percentage and seedlings growth as compare to control plants. Sodium chloride stress
showed adverse effects on plant height, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh
and dry biomass, total chlorophyll, carbohydrates and proteins as compared to
untreated plants. The relative water content, electrolyte leakage were increased and
Na+ and K+ ions balance was disturbed in different plant parts. Ascorbic acid (100
and 200ppm) enhanced all the growth parameters affected adversely by sodium
chloride stress.
 Chapter III
Methodology
Materials: Egg Shell
Egg Plant seed-18 pcs
Soil
Water
Pot- 6 pcs

Procedure:
1. Get black soil
2. Put a 1.5 kilos black soil in every pot
3. Dig 5cm in soil in every pot then put 3 pcs seed in every pot
4. Cover again the dig part with soil
5. Water it with 750 ml of water per day
6. Put it in place that have enough sunlight.
7. Record data everyday