Introduction

Magmatism in Kalimantan is
characterized by wide distribution
of plutonic and volcanic rocks;
Permian(?) to Plio-Pleistocene in
age

The main objective of writing this

book is to review magma genesis
(magma source/ sources, processes
in relation to tectonic
developments)
Government (CGS project) funds
(APBN 2010, 2011)

Some minor mistakes (typing,

contents) are still found in this
Distribution of igneous rocks in Kalimantan book
(modified from Supriatna, 1993, 1994;
Garwin, 200)
About this book (1)
What ?

This book (199 pgs) is about magmatic

activities; focused on the petrogenesis,
including source/ or sources and
processes of magmas that produce various
type of rocks in Kalimantan

It provides petrological data of igneous

rocks collecting during geological
mappings (Indonesian GRDC-Australian
BMR) and researches done by GRDC
(now The Centre for Geological Survey)
About this book (2)
What ?
Presents several aspects of volcanic and
plutonic rocks (nomenclature,
distribution, rock association,
petrography, chemistry, and age)

Also presents mineral deposits in

relation to magmatism
About this book (3)
Why ?
Magma genesis have never been
discussed in detailed.
Study on magma genesis is important for
better understanding the geologi of
Kalimantan (to add literature geology of
Kalimantan)
The study may also give contribution for
further study in mineral deposit
formations
About this book (4)
How ?

Field, laboratory and literature studies are

brought together to discuss the
petrogenesis of magma and its relation
to tectonic developments.
The ocurence of mineral deposits (gold)
in relation to magmatic activities is also
presented
About this book (5)

Magmatism-Mineralization?

A general review on the relationship

between magmatism and mineral deposit
formation is briefly presented (Session
7.3)
To give an idea what kind of magmatic
research should be done to find out new
areas of mineral resources
 Book Organization (Contents)

Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Regional Geology and Tectonics
Chapter 3 Cretaceous Granitoid Magmatsim
Chapter 4 Cretaceous Arc Magmatism
Chapter 5 Tertiary Arc Magmatism
Chapter 6 Pliocene-Pleistocene Magmatism
Chapter 7 Mineralization
Chapter 8 Tectono-Magmatic Evolution
 Contributors

Amiruddin Chapter 3
Bhakti H. Harahap Chapter 2
Hamdan Z. Abidin Chapter 7
I.G.B. Edy Sutjipta Chapter 7
Sutikno Bronto Chapter 1
Chapter 5
Udi Hartono Chapter 1
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
 Some significant phenomena-
Challenge for further studies

ü  Possible A-type granite is found in the Ketapang

batholith (the Sukadana Granite)
ü  High-Mg andesites present in the Cretaceous (few)
and Teriary (most) volcanics in the Meratus Range
ü  Adakite might a dominant rock type in the Tertiary
Sintang Intrusives
ü  Paleovolcanic centres might be identified, which
might be usefull for finding out new deposits
 Some identified paleovolcanoes

Serantak Volc and Bawang Dacite Lapung volc showing the volc centre

Muller volc possibly paleo-

composite volcano
 Cretaceous Granitoid Magmatism (1)

Sepauk Tonalte
Laur Granite
G.Raya Grn
Sebiawak Grnd
G.Selantar Grnd
Tiang Q-Drt

Sukadana Granite
 Cretaceous Granitoid Magmatism (2)
West Kalimantan Batholith

Sepauk Tonalite

Alkali amphibole and

normative acmite

Singkawang Batholite

West to East Kalimantan

Cretaceous Granitoid Magmatism (3)
West Kalimantan Batholith
 Cretaceous Granitoid Magmatism (4)
West Kalimantan Batholith

Most of West Kalimantan batholiths were derived

from subducted related magmas (calc-alkline,
metaluminous, peraluminous)

Some the Sukadana Gr might indicate a post

subduction magmatism (A-Type?)
Cretaceous Granitoid Magmatism (5)
Sambas Siluas Isolated Granite
 Tertiary Magmatic System in
South Kalimantan (Hartono, 2003)

Petrography

Basalt : med-grained, holocryst, porphyritic,

with plg, cpx +/- olv, +/- hornblende phenos
in micro- or cryptocrystalline grndmss of similar comp.
Microgabbro : med-grained, holocryst, intergranular,
with plg, cpx, bt, +/- olv

Andesite : hypocryst, porphyritic, with plg,

hornblende (7 – 14%), cpx phenos
in a grndmss of micro-/ cryptocryst
plg, px, and devitrified glass.
 Tertiary Magmatic System in
South Kalimantan (Hartono, 2003)

Geochemistry

3 Tholeiitic
Calc-alkaline
FeO/MgO

0
50 55 60 65 70
SiO2
 Tertiary Magmatic System in
South Kalimantan (Hartono, 2003)

Geochemistry

12

10

MgO 6
MgO Lawu
4

2
Muyup Kelian
0
50 55 60 65 70
SiO2
 Tertiary Magmatic System in
South Kalimantan (Hartono, 2003)

Di

Pressure of origin
Basalt ≈ 8 kb
Andesite 2 – 5 kb
1 Atm

8kb, dry
2kb,2%H2O

Ol Aug
5kb,2%H2O Opx
OI SiOr
 Tertiary Magmatic System in
South Kalimantan (Hartono, 2003)

Tertiary high-Mg magma origin

UPPER CRETACEOUS
•  The pooling Cretaceous basaltic
Har uyan
magma during 62.5 – 57.5 my at
Volc anics
about 30 km depth reacts with
Imbric ated
Oc eani c and
Sundaland Conti nent
( Me ratu s)

Pa ternoste r
upper mantle peridotite producing
Co ntinental Origi n
high-Mg calc-alkali magma
•  Hornblende produced in equilibrium
LATE L.PALEOCENE - LATE L.EOCENE crystallization condition
Ol + Cpx + melt = Hb
Haruyan
Volcanics

Sundaland Continent
( Meratus) Pa terno ste r

P ound ing
Magma

MID EOCENE - MIOCENE Andesite 52.5 - 19.5 my

Ter tiary dyke s,
Short-lived
Hydr ot her mal
Syst em
sub volcanics
volcanics
7 – 17 km depth
Pate rno ster
Sund alan d Co ntinent
( Me ratu s)
 Keliyan magmatic system
(Hartono, 2003)

Geochemistry of the Plio-Pleistocene volc

3.0
Akali
Mt. Acau
2.5
E.Prampus and Magerang

2.0
Sub-Alkalic

1.5
K2O
1.0

0.5

Low-K Subalkali
0.0
50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58

SiO2
 Keliyan magmatic system
(Hartono, 2003)

Geochemistry of the Plio-Pleistocene volc

4.0

High-Alumina basalts
or
3.5 Calc-alkaline

Tholeiitic
3.0 basalts
A.I

2.5

2.0

1.5
Mt. Acau
E.Prampus and Magerang

1.0
12 14 16 18 20

Al2O3
 Keliyan magmatic system
(Hartono, 2003)

Geochemistry of the Plio-Pleistocene volc

Plio-Pleist Volc
 Keliyan magmatic system in
(Hartono, 2003)

Geochemistry of the Plio-Pleistocene volc

Ø  Higher Nb than Arc rocks

Ø  Intraplate magmatism

(Abidin and Harahap,

Ø  Mixing OIB & Keliyan Arc

magma (Hartono, 2003)
 Magmatic system in Keliyan
(Hartono, 2003)

300

250

200

150
Zr

100

50

0
30
0 50 100 150 200
Ti/100
25 Ac au
Prampus-Ma gerang
Mupyup
20 Kelian
OIB

15
Y/Nb
10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Zr/Nb
Keliyan magmatic system (Hartono, 2003)
 Sintang Intrusives ?

High Sr low Y
inconsistent with
plagioclase fractionation
550
He rya nto  e t.a l  (1993)
500 Ha rtono  (1997)
Ma c olod  C orridor  (De fa nt  e t  a l,  1991)
Low Y may a result of
450
B a ta a n  se g m e nt  (De fa nt  e t.a l,  1991) amphibole fractionation
Adakite Ha ra ha p  (1993)
but,
400
Mt.  Muro  (S im on  a nd  B row n,  1990)
350

300
ADR •  As long as plg fract
S r/Y

during fract ampb, high

250

200

150
Sr low Y magma will not
100 be produced
50

0 •  Need 60% ampb fract to

0 5 10 15 20 25
Y
30 35 40 45 50
produce magma similar
composition to adakite

Produced during Oligocene-Miocene tectonic compression,

thickened crust, absence of volcanicsm?
 MAGMATIC SYSTEMS IN
SOUTH KALIMANTAN (Hartono, 2003)

Tertiary high-Mg magma origin

UPPER CRETACEOUS

Har uyan
Volc anics
•  The pooling Cretaceous basaltic
Sundaland Conti nent
magma during 62.5 – 57.5 my at
Imbric ated
Oc eani c and
( Me ratu s)

Co ntinental Origi n
Pa ternoste r
about 30 km depth reacts with
upper mantle peridotite producing
high-Mg calc-alkali magma
LATE L.PALEOCENE - LATE L.EOCENE
•  Hornblende produced in equilibrium
Haruyan
crystallization condition
Ol + Cpx + melt = Hb
Volcanics

Sundaland Continent
( Meratus) Pa terno ste r

P ound ing
Magma

MID EOCENE - MIOCENE

Andesite 52.5 - 19.5 my
Short-lived
Hydr ot her mal
Ter tiary dyke s,
sub volcanics
volcanics
7 – 17 km depth
Syst em

Pate rno ster

Sund alan d Co ntinent
( Me ratu s)

Live hydrothermal system ?