FORMAL LABORATORY REPORT ON

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

(CHY 66A)

TTH 1:00 – 4:00 PM

Experiment 1

Potentiometric Titration of an HCl-H3PO4 Mixture

Submitted by:

JYLLA A. ANGWAY

Group 2 Laboratory

Daguplo, Radin Rex

Halayahay, Eunice
Panisan, Roel
Villacora, Roxanne

Date Performed:

Date Completed:

Submitted to:

Mrs. Aileen Ang, R.Ch, MS

I. INTRODUCTION

In analytical chemistry, there are many methods by which an analyst can use to analyze a
sample depending on the needed data. Among these methods is the electroanalytical method that uses
potential, current, or charge in an electrochemical cell as the analytical signal (reference).
Potentiometry, one of the subdivisions of electroanalytical method, is the measurement of potentials
of electrochemical cells under static conditions. As no current passes between the eletrodes, the
concentration of the species in the electrochemical cell remains static or unchanged. Due to this,
potentiometry is one of the most useful quantitative methods (reference).

For many years, detecting endpoints of the titrations have been one of the applications of
potentiometry (reference) and in this experiment; such application is used for the titration of the
mixture containing unknown amounts of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The
mixture of these two acids will be titrated with Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) standardized for this
experiment. This titration will have two endpoints, in order to determine these; the pH of the solution
will be measured as the function of the titrant added using the pH meter.

The objective of this experiment is to determine the concentration of the two acids present in
the mixture using the volume of the standard titrant consumed to get to the endpoints of the titration
which is determined via potentiometry.

II. METHDOLOGY
Chemicals and Apparatus
For the experiment, the following apparatuses were required: 25-mL volumetric pipet, 50-mL
buret, 100-mL beaker, buret clamp, pH meter (Eutech), buret brush, 1 unit of hotplate (Corning
420D), 1 unit of analytical balance (Shimadzu AX200), three 250-mL Erlenmeyer flasks, iron stand,
wash bottle, stirring bar
The chemicals used were mixture of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) of
unknown concentration as the sample, 0.1M of Sodium hydroxide (NaOH ) as the titrant and KHP
used for standardization of Sodium hydroxide.

Procedure
A. Preparation and Standardization of 0.1 M Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Two liters of 0.1 M Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was prepared for the whole class and it
was standardized against KHP employing the method of standardization used from the
previous semester.
 B. Calibration of pH meter
Calibration of the pH meter was done previously with the help of the laboratory
technician. The pH meter was calibrated at pH 4, 7 and 10.

C. Titration of a Mixture of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)

With the help of the volumetric pipet, blank mL of the sample was transferred into a
clean and dry beaker. Sample was then diluted with blank mL of distilled water. The pH
electrode was also rinsed with distilled water and the buret filled with Sodium hydroxide was
set-up near the hotplate. The beaker was insulated from the magnetic stirrer with a folded
paper towel to prevent warming of the solution. With the use of the magnetic stirrer set to 150
rpms, the sample was stirred for 30 seconds after every drop wise addition of 0.1 mL of the
titrant, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH). After the addition of the titrant and stirring of the solution,
the pH of the solution was measured using the pH meter. This process was repeated until the
pH of the sample reached the pH 10, after which the titration was ceased.

III. RESULTS

IV. DISCUSSION

V. CONCLUSION

VI. REFERENCES

Skoog

Harvey

Harris