Basic Information for

Audio Products
Vol. 2 Compact Disk

Mar. 1996

Contents
PAGE
Construction of Disk........................................................................................ 1
CD Signal ....................................................................................................... 1
CD recording system ...................................................................................... 2
Production of Disk .......................................................................................... 4
CD Block Diagram .......................................................................................... 5
Light ............................................................................................................... 7
Laser Diodes ................................................................................................. 6
CD Laser Pick-up ........................................................................................... 7
Focus Servo ................................................................................................... 8
Spindle Servo ................................................................................................. 9
Tracking Servo ............................................................................................... 11
CD Adjustment ............................................................................................... 12
CD Block Diagrams for Adjustment ............................................................... 15
CD Test Point ................................................................................................. 18
Troubleshooting ..............................................................................................20

INDEX
Construction of Disk

CD is abbreviation of Compact Disc.

A standard is a diameter of 12 cm, and it is made by a plastic.
It can enjoy music by most long 74 minutes.
The recording starts near the middle of the disc, and winds its way towards the outside edge of the disc
over 2000 revolutions in the 33mm playing are-a total maximum track length of over half a kilometer.

0.5µm
15mm hole Adjacent tracks are 1.6µm apart, which means you
Pits could get about 30 of them across the width of a
human hair.
1.6µm The pits are about 0.5 µm wide and vary in length
from about 0.8 to 3.6 µm, according to the sounds
on the recording.
The pits represent binary data for the two stereo
Playing area channels, sampled at about 40 kHz. A 16-bit
33mm system is used, in which each 16-bit binary number
represents a 25 µs sample of sound for each
channel. Each sample has 65536 possible values.
120mm diameter 0.8 to
The disc wirls round at a speed that varies from
3.5 µm
200 to 500 revolutions per minute; the tiny
embossed pits are read by a laser system that
follows the track perfectly and senses the data at
more than four million bits per second.

CD Signal

1. Sound signal

6. Pits

5. PCM
2. Sampled pulses
CD 44.1 kHz 1001110001000000
4. Bainary
encoding
40000

3. Quantization e.g.
16-bit 40000
= 216
40001
= 65536
40000
possible
39999
values

0
-1-
CD recording system

Quantization Structure of signal

L-CH LPF A/D converter Control signal Sync signal to CD cutting

analog
system
signal 20000Hz 44.1KHz
R-CH
LPF A/D converter MPX 1 CIRC MPX 2 EFM modulation MPX 3
analog
signal MPX: Multiplexe for combining signals.

A signal of L-CH and a signal of R-CH finally become one laser cutting signal.

1. LPF (Low pass filter)

Generally, the human ear only to hear 20000 Hz. If there is high frequency than 20000 Hz, these become
noise. Sound signal is transmitted in 20000 Hz low pass filter to remove high frequency.

2. A/D converter

It converts analog signal into digital signal.

The signal from the LPF is 20000 Hz. So sampling frequency more than 2 times of the highest frequency
contained by an original signal is necessary to reproduce an original signal. Therefore, sampling frequency of
CD is 44.1 kHz. CD is used 16bit, that each sample has 65536 (=216 ) possible values.
3bit PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) = 23 = 8 possible values

7 (111)
6 (110)
5 (101)
4 (100)
3 (011)
2 (010)
1 (001)
0 (000)

Coded
pulse

011 111 100 000 101

Sampling
Reproduce
period
waveform
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

-2-
3. CIRC (Cross Interleave Reed Solomon Code)

The signal which is added CIRC detects data error (scratches or fingerprints on the surface of disk) that
occurred with CD, and to correct it
When the last 4 characters are missing.

Recorded sound directly Recorded sound with Interleave

e.g. rearrange the data every four
MY NAME IS MA TSUMOTO
MY NAME IS MA TSUMOTO
MY NAME IS MA TSU

MMMUOYEAMNITOASST

MY NAME IS MA TSUMOTO
MATSUSHITA
MATSUDA
MATSUKAWA
MY NAME IS MA TSUMOTO

It is difficult to restore the data. It is possible to restore the data.

4. Sync signal

The sync signal consists of a 24-bit word and 3 coupling bits. It syncronizes the whole system to the rotation of
the disc.It is used for timing signal to begin to read dada precisely.

5. Control signal

This holds track and playing time information which eventually finds its way to the display on the front of the
machine.

6. Construction of CD signal
1 frame (588bit)
sound signal
CIRC 4 symbol
12 symbol

control
sync signal 1(L) 2(L) 3(R) 12(R) 13 16 17
signal

bit 24 3 14 3 14 3 14 3 14 3 3 14 3 14 3 3 14 3 14 3 3

sound signal 1 symbol = 14-bit

CIRC 4 symbol
12 symbol

27 28 29 32 sync signal

bit 14 3 14 3 14 3 3 14 3 24 3

The system divides the data up into frames cosisting of twelve 16-bit words; that is, twelve samples of the sound
for each channel. The frame actually contains the following information.

1. 24 14-bit sound data symbols. (Each 8-bit word-half a 16-bit sample for one channel - is coded into a 14-bit
symbol on the disc)
2. eight 14-bit symbols used for error correction.
3. a 14-bit control signal.
4. a 24-bit sync signal and
5. 102 coupling and merging bits.
-3-
When all the bits are added up they come to 588 bits per frame. With a sampling rate of 44.1 kHz (for each
stereo channel) and a frame lasting 136 µs there are about 7350 frames per seconds. The system, therefore,
has to read the disc and process information at the rate of 7350 x 588 = 4321800 bits per second.

Production of Disc

Nickel-plated Nickel-plated
Original disks metal master
Pit Pit

nickel-plated
metal master nickel-plated
third nickel-plated
metal mother

Second nickel-plated
nickel-plated
metal mother

pressed
nickel-plated
stamper protected plastic layer

transparent plastic

aluminum film

-4-
CD Block Diagram

CD Player
Audio Amp.
D/A
with Analog
Converter
Filter
CD RF Amp.

Disc (A+B)-(B+C) Digital Signal

EFM
Motor Processor
Photo
Optical Diode FE (Focus Error)
pick-up E-F CIRC error
TE (Tracking Error) detector, RAM
LD
Correction
Servo Contorl

Actuator Tracking
Laser Driver Servo
EFM
diode Actuator VCO
Focus Recovery
Driver Servo
Sled
Motor Motor Sled
Driver Servo
EFM PLL /
Motor Spindle
Signal Detector
Driver Servo

Motor and
Actuator
Driver

LCD and
Microprocessor
Key Switch

1. Servo Control
1) Focus Servo: It drives a coil / magnet assembly located around the focusing lens, moving the lens
rapidly up and down in order to keep the laser beam focused precisely on the re flective
surface.

2) Tracking Servo: It drives a coil / magnet assembly located arround the focusing lens, moving the lens
rapidly right and left in order to keep the laser beam traced precisely on the track of CD.

3) Spindle Servo: It uses CLV system. (Constant Linear Velocity). The rotation of the spindle motor is slowed
from the center to the outer in order to keep the amount of data read at a constant rate.

4) Sled Servo: Sliding the laser pick-up from the center to the outer. The tracking system recognizes how
much correction it is applying to the objective, and when the correction reaches a threshold
value a small motor starts and moves the pick-up out a little way. This is repeated as
playback progresses.

2. Digital Signal Processing

The signal read by the pick-up is synchronized by the PLL (PLL: Phase Locked Loop), and the data is
reproduced, it then goes through the interplate processing steps of EFM (Eight to Fourtenn Modulation)
modulation, subcode extraction and CIRC (Cross Interleave Reed Solomon Code) decoding.

-5-
 2-1. PLL

Play- back signal

Phase Low-Pass
Detector VCO
Filter

Phase detector compares the frequency of a voltage-controlled oscillator with an incoming playback
signal. The output of the phase detector is fed back to the voltage-controlled oscillator to keep it to
exactly in phase with the playback signal.

2-2. EFM Modulation

Data bit 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
( 8bit )

Channel bit 0 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
(14 bit )

Recorded
Waveforms

Pits

Each 8-bit word-half a 16-bit sample for one channel - is coded into a 14-bit symbol on the disc.
To this is added three extra coupling bits which are necessary to ensure that there are never two
consecutive 1's, which would confuse the recording. The 14-bit symbols are decoded into 8-bit words
by the first decoder in the player, which does the error checking.

2-3. Cross-interleave Reed-Solomon

CIRC reduces the ability of scratches or fingerprints on the surface of the disc by spreading out the
error caused by any disc reading fault over several samples, minimizing its effect.
Static RAM is necessary for the process of CIRC.

3. Analog Signal
This carries out the Over-Sampling (4 times) by digital filter. It is then converted to an analog signal
by the D/A converter and output.

-6-
Light

1. Generation of light

excitation

Light radiated this way

conduction band
nucleus
atom valence band

When the energy (heat or electric field)add the outer band (valence band), the electron moves
from the valence band and into the conduction band. The movement provides a electron in the
conduction band, but also leaves a hole in the valence band. If an electron falls down from the
conduction band to a hole in the valence band, energy given off as light.

2. Generation of Laser Light

add light to have energy of E2 - E1 same as wavelength of electron

excitation
E2
electron
E1

Laser light radiated this way

conduction band
nucleus
atom valence band

Same as generation of the above light, the electron moves from the valence band and into the
conduction band. In that time, light to have energy of E2 - E1 same as wavelength of electron is added
on the electron. It is resonated in a wavelength of light and output a laser.

add energy of E2 - E1

E2 E2

E1 E1 laser light output

-7-
Laser Diodes
1 Add a volatge to a gallium arsenide laserdiode.
1
deposited metal 5 2 An electron is injected from p-type AlGaAs to
6
connection p-type GaAs.

n-type AlGaAs 4 3 A hole is injected from p-type AlGaAs to p-type

7
N AlGaAs.

2
p-type + + 8 Laser light
GaAs
3 4. P-type AlGaAs becomes a wall and the electrons
P p-type
+ and the holes can't diffuse.
+ AlGaAs
4
5. The electrons conbines with the holes to
7 deposited metal generate light.
connection 1
+ 6. The electrons and combination of holes rise by
this light more.
p-type gallium arsenide laser diode
7. GaAlAs is shorter refraction rate than GaAS, and
Note GaAs = gallium arsenide light isn't been over outside from GaAs.
AlGaAs = aluminium gallium arsenide
8. light is trapped inside GaAs, and if the light is
sufficiently intense, laser action begins.

CD Laser Pick-up
Objective lens Main
Collimating in moveable beam
Phote diode Laser diode Beam-Splitter lenses cell
LD MON Diffraction Sub beam
grating

DG
LD
Sub beam
Polariser
Cylindrical
lenses

Phote detector

A B
E F
D C

1. The disc is read from underneath, through the transparent plastic.

2. At the bottom of the pick-up is the laser diode, producing coherent light at a single frequency.

3. The light is directed through a beam splitter(split in 3) , then formed by a pair of collimating lenses into
parallel beam, passed through a polarizer, and focused on the pits by an objective lens.

-8-
 4. The fact that the laser emits light at a single frequency enable simple lenses to be used.

5. The objective lens is mounted in a special cell that is a cross between a loudspeaker coil and a moving-
coil meter movement. The lens can be moved up-and-down, or from side-to-side. The up-and-down
movement is used to keep the pits perfectly in focus on the detector. The side-to-side movement is used
to keep the tracking correctly.

6. The light is reflected back the way it came until it reches the beam splitter, because of the aluminium
playing surface of the disc is shiny.

7. This directs the reflected light (but not the direct light from the lase) into a photodiode detector system.
The detector responds to the pits with a signal that is decoded as 1's or 0's.
A quantity of light decreases and
The light is reflected
dimming of light reaching the
back plumb.
photocell.
Photo diode is detected the pIts
by a quantity of light

The surface no pit

of disc pit

The scanning spot is

The scanning spot
down on the bump
is up on the bump

Focus Servo
Cylindrical
lenses

FE signal = (A+C) - (B+D)

A
C
A+C
+ FE signal
B
+
B B B D B+D
+
A C A C A C

D D D FE detection circuit

FE > 0 FE = 0 FE < 0

Too close Correctly focused Too distant

Focus servo is used to keep the pits perfectly in focus on the detectoer.

1. When the laser is correctly focused, photcells A, B, C and D are all illuminated by a circular spot of
laser light. FE = (A+C) - (B+D) = 0

2. An out-of focus condition makes the circular spot go elliptical. The orientation of the major and minor
axes of the ellipse depend on which way the system is out of focus(too close or too distant).
FE > 0 or FE < 0

3. An error in one direction causes only cells D and B to be illuminated; the other way, A and C are
illuminated.

-9-
 4. These two different signals are amplified and used to move the objective lens up or down to
maintain perfect focus.

5. This part of the lens cell is like the middle of a loudspeaker, with a coil and magnet providing vertical
movement in response to changing current through the coil.

correctly focused too close too distant

FE=0 FE> 0 FE < 0
disc

object lens
permanent-
magnet

movable
Laser beam - + - + - +
movable
coil coil output = 0 output is output is
a minus a plus

Driver

When a focus is too close, move the object lens down.

When a focus is too distant, move the object lens up.

Spindle Servo

1. Spindle servo is used to control the speed of rotation of the disc. The pits are initially recorded with a
constant linear velocity to make best use of the disc space.

2. As the length of one revolution of a track recorded near the middle of the disc is quite a bit less than that
of one near the outside, the disc has to rotate faster when the inside tracks are being scanned.

3. This is achived by reading the sync signal from the disc and using it to set the speed of rotation-a
relatively simple system.

- 10 -
Tracking Servo

disc

objective lens in
moveable cell

polariser

colllimating lenses
beam-
splitter cylindrical lense
photocells

F
A B
C D
E

detector

diffraction
grating

LASER diode

1. There is a diffraction grating just above the laser. This is a flat piece of glass, engraved with very fine
parallel lines.

2. The grating breaks the laser beam up into a number of divergent beams of different brightness; the
main beam is the brighttest, but the sub beams, deflected to the left and right, are also quite bright.

3. The effect of the diffraction grating is to project not just one but three spots of light on the disc's
surface. The following shows three possible ways the pattern of spots might fall on the disc.

E TE = E-F
-
F +

(a) Correctky tracking (b) Off to the right (c) Off to the left

4. In each diagram, the center spot is the one produced by the main beam, and the upper and lower
spots are produced by the sub beams. The prientation of the diffraction grating relative to the disc is
used to set up the correct positions.

5. In Figure (a) the laser is tracking perfectly. The center spot is reading the pits, and photocells A, B, C
and D are all illuminated (asuuming correct focus). The sub spots are substantially missing the pits.

- 11 -
 6. In Figure (b) shows a tracking error; the laser is off to the right. Although the center spots is still
reading the pits, the lower beam is also generating a signal as the pits go past it.

7. Reflected light goes back through the system to the detector, where photocell E picks up the signal.
It is amplified by the servo system, which moves the objective lens slightly to one side to correct the
tracking error.

8. Imagine the objective lens is set in the middle of the loudspeaker coil and offset to one side. If the coil
is rotated instead of moved up and down the lens will be moved from side to side. This movement is
used to correct the tracking.

9. The tracking system reconizes how much correction it is applying to the objective, and when the
correction reaches a threshold value a small motor starts and moves the pick-up out a little way.
This is repeated as playback progresses.

disc
object lense
beam-splitter laser diode

lens

1/4 wavelength

cylindrical
lens
tracking error detection
tracking mirror

correctly tracking

When a tracking is off to the left, off to the left

move the object lens right.

When a tracking is off to the right,

off to the right
move the object lens left.

- 12 -
CD Adjustment

As for preparation for adjustment, adjustment method and optical pickup replacement method refer to
each of service manuals.

Adjustment Outline Symptom Equipment

VCO Adjustment Adjust the clock frequency CD turns, and abnormality Power supply
(PLL Free-run Frequency ) of reading data recorded sounds. Frequency counter
(Phase Locked Loop) in CD.
Skip is imposible.

Error is displayed after CD

door has closed.

Focus Bias Adjustment Adjustment of focus CD turns, but no sound, Power supply
(Focus Offset ) position of laser. and count isn't displayed. Oscilloscope
(Focus Servo Offset)
Error is displayed after CD
door has closed.

Tracking Balance Adjustment Adjust the CD tracking to CD turns, but stops Power supply
(E-F Balance) move in right and left immediately Oscilloscope
symmetry. Regular disc
Track searching is
imposible.

Error is displayed after CD

door has closed.

Focus Gain Adjustment Adjustment of the output Does not focus. Power supply
(Focus Servo Gain) level of focus error signal. Oscilloscope
(FE) Regular disc

Tracking Gain Adjustment Adjustment of the output Error is displayed after CD Power supply
(Tracking Servo Gain) level of tracking signal. door has closed. Oscilloscope
(TE) Regular disc

RF output Adjustment Adjustment of the output Same sound is repeated. Power supply
(Focus Balance) level of laser. Oscilloscope
(Final) (Eye-pattern) When using the skip, the Regular disc
unit intermittently.

A sound splashes.

Error rate check Count error rate whitch A sound splashes. Power supply
occurs data is read. Frequency counter
CD doesn't turn. Regular disc

- 13 -
CD Block Diagrams for Adjustment

CD Player
Audio Amp.
D/A
with Analog
RF output Converter
Filter
CD RF Amp.
Focus Bias &
Disc Error rate
(A+B)-(B+C) EFM RF output
Motor
Optical Photo Focus Bias
FE
pick-up Diode E-F Tracking Gain CIRC error
TE detector, RAM
LD Focus
Tracking Gain Correction
Tracking Balance
Gain

Actuator Tracking
Laser Driver Servo EFM
VCO
diode Recovery
Actuator Focus
Driver Servo
Sled Focus
Motor Gain
Motor Sled
Driver Servo EFM PLL /
Signal Detector
Motor Spindle
Driver Servo

Motor and Servo Contorl Digital Signal

Actuator Processor VCO
Driver VCO ASY
(Conect ASY to GND)

LCD and Notes:

Microprocessor
Key Switch
: Check points
: Adjustment points

1. VCO (Voltage-controlled oscillator)

The frequency of data recorded in CD is 4.3218MHz.
VCO adjustment is set for clock frequency of 4.32MHz which is necessary to read the data correctly.
When setting VCO, connect ASY to GND to remove PLL ,and adjust volume for 4.32 MHz reading on
frequency counter.

VCO adjustment
EFM VCO changes frequency
(Play- back signal ) by the voltage applied
Phase Low-Pass
Detector VCO
ASY Filter

GND

- 14 -
2. Focus Bias
Adjust the offset voltage of operation amplifier of RF-Amp inside .

B A+B
+ A
C
+ D B
D FE = (A+B) - (C+D)
C+D +
+ C

Focus Bias volume FE = 0

Turn the power switch on without disc. Correctly focused

3. Tracking Balance
Adjust volume to move the laser pick-up in right and left symmetry for a truck of Disc.

Tracking Balance

E
PZ series: short VC and ATSC
TE = E-F
-
F +
CD series: volume at minimum
position

E=F
E Correctly tracking
Track of CD
F

Track of laser diode

4. Focus Gain
Adjust signal Gain for focus coil drive of Pick-up unit.
When gain of this signal is low, a focus is hard to fit the pit.

B A+B
+
C Focus gain volume
+
D C+D +
+
FE = (A+B) - (C+D)

- 15 -
5. Tacking Gain
Adjust signal gain for tracking coil drive of Pick-up unit.
When gain of this signal is low, a focus is hard to fit the pit.

Tracking Gain
adjustment volume
E
TE = E-F
-
F +

6. RF output
Fine adjustment of Focus bais.
Adjust the amplitude value of Eye-patter.

B
A+B
+
C
+
D C+D +
+
RF output
adjustment volume

7. Error Value Check

Error Value Check point

CIRC error
detector, RAM
Correction

EFM
VCO
Recovery

EFM PLL /
Signal Detector
EFM

- 16 -
CD Test Point I

ADJUSTMENT CD-100S CD-300S CD-510W CD-520W CD-540W

Adjust the clock frequency of reading data recorded in CD VCO Adjustment VCO Adjustment VCO Adjustment VCO Adjustment VCO Adjustment
Test Point PLL (IC2 pin 70) - TP512: PCLK (IC503 pin 70) TP512: PCLK (IC503 pin 70) PLL (IC2 pin 70)
Connection ASY (IC1 pin 7) & GND ASY (TP510) & GND (TP511) ASY (TP510) & GND (TP511) ASY (IC1 pin 7) & GND
GND Gnd TP515 TP515 GND
Disc - - Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point RV4 (IC6 pin 30) VCOF VR504 (IC502 pin 30) VCOF VR504 (IC502 pin 30) VCOF RV4
Equipment Frequency counter Frequency counter Frequency counter Frequency counter
Adjust for 4.32MHz +/- 0.02kHz 4.32MHz +30kHz / -10kHz 4.25MHz +/-0.02kHz 4.32MHz +/ -0.02MHz
Adjustment of focus position of laser. Focus, Bias Adjustment Focus Bias Adjustment Focus Bias Adjustment Focus Bias Adjustment Focus Bias Adjustment
Test Point JW3: FE (IC1 pin 32) - TP503: FE (IC501 pin 19) TP503: FE (IC501 pin 19) JW3 (IC1 pin 32)
GND JW12 (IC6 pin 45) TP502 TP502 JW12
Disc - - - -
Adjustment Point RV5 (IC1 pin 31) FE-BIAS VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+ VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+ RV5
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 0V 0V 0V 0V
Adjust the CD tracking to move in right and left symmetry Tracking, Balance adjustment Tracking, Balance adjustment Tracking Balance Adjustment Tracking Balance Adjustment Tracking Balance Adjustment
Test Point TE (IC1 pin 1) TP3: TE (IC503 pin 43 TSO) TP504: TE (IC501 pin 20) TP504: TE (IC501 pin 20) TE (IC1 pin 1)
GND JW12 (IC6 pin 45) VREF (IC503 PIN 11) TP502 TP502 JW12
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
(CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds)
Adjustment Point RV1 (IC1 pin 25) EI SVR502 (IC503 pin 2) TPI VR501 (IC501 pin 13) EI VR501 (IC501 pin 13) EI RV1
RV3 at minimum position VR503 at minimum position) VR503 at minimum position) RV3 at minimum position)
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below
center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape.
Readjust RV3 to mark position. Readjust VR503 to mark position. Readjust VR503 to mark position. Readjust VR503 to mark position.
Adjustment of the output leve of focus error signal (FE) Focus Gain adjustment Focus Gain adjustment Focus Gain Adjustment Focus Gain Adjustment Focus Gain Adjustment
Test Point IC5 pin 1 - TP507: FOD (IC506 pin 2) TP507: FOD- (IC505 pin 2) IC505 pin 1
GND JW12 (IC6 pin 45) TP505 TP505 JW12
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point RV2 (IC6 pin 48) FE VR505 (IC502 pin 48) FE VR505 (IC502 pin 48) FE RV2 (FE)
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p
Adjustment of the output level of tracking signal (TE) Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain adjustment Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain Adjustment
Test Point JW51 (IC5 pin 27) - TP506: TRD (IC505 pin 3) TP506: TRD+ (IC505 pin 26) JW51
GND JW12 (IC6 pin 45) TP505 TP505 JW12
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point RV3 (IC6 pin 45) FE VR503 (IC502 pin 45) TE VR503 (IC502 pin 45) TE RV3 (FE)
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p
Adjustment of the output level of laser ( EYE-pattern) Focus Balance Adjustment Focus Balance Adjustment RF output Adjustment RF output Adjustment RF output Adjustment
Test Point - TP2: RFO (IC503 pin 9) TP501: RFO (IC501 pin 2) TP501: RFO (IC501 pin 2) -
GND TP502 TP502 TP502
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point SVR501 (IC503 pin 14) FEB VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+ VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 3-t level EYE-pattern is maximum. 1 ~ 1.4Vp-p 1 ~ 1.4Vp-p
Count error rate which occurs when data is read Error rate check Error rate check Error rate check Error rate check Error rate check
Test Point - - TP514: C1F1 (IC503 pin 62) TP514: C1F1 (IC503 pin 62) -
GND TP502 TP502
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point - -
Equipment Frequency counter Frequency counter
Adjust for 5 ~ 20 5 ~ 20

- 17 -
CD Test Point II

ADJUSTMENT CD-610W CD-G500 CD-TV80 CD-TV100 PZ-1000

Adjust the frequency of data recorded in CD VCO Adjustment PLL Free-run Frequency Adjustment PLL Free-run Frequency Adjustmen PLL Free-run Frequency Adjustment Phase Locked Loop adjustment
Test Point TP512: PCLK (IC503 pin 70) TP406: PCLK (IC403 pin 70) TP406: PCLK (IC403 pin 70) TP506: PCLK (IC503 pin 70) TP11: WCLK (IC3 pin 69)
Connection ASY (TP510) & GND (TP511) TP404: ASY (IC401 pin 26) & GND TP404: ASY (IC401 pin 26) & GND TP504: ASY (IC501 pin 26) & GND ASY (TP4) & GND (TP5)
GND TP515 GND GND GND TP5
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR504 (IC502 pin 30) VCOF VR405 (IC402 pin 30) VCOF VR405 (IC402 pin 30) VCOF VR505 (IC502 pin 30) VCOF VR6 (IC2 pin 30) VCOF
Equipment Frequency counter Frequency counter Frequency counter Frequency counter Frequency counter
Adjust for 4.25MHz +/-0.02kHz 4.3218MHz 4.3218MHz 4.3218MHz 4.125MHz
Adjustment of focus position of laser Focus Bias Adjustment Focus, Offset Adjustment Focus, Offset Adjustment Focus, Offset Adjustment Focus Bias adjustment
Test Point TP503: FE (IC501 pin 19) TP402: FE (IC401 pin 19) TP402: FE (IC401 pin 19) TP502: FE (IC501 pin 19) TP503: FE (IC501 pin 19)
GND GND TP405 TP405 TP505 TP502
Disc - - - - -
Adjustment Point VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+ VR402 (IC401 pin 18) FB+ VR402 (IC401 pin 18) FB+ VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+ VR502 (IC502 pin 18) FB+
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 0V 0V 0V 0V 0V
Adjust the CD tracking to move in right and left symmetry Tracking Balance Adjustment E-F Balance Adjustment E-F Balance Adjustment E-F Balance Adjustment Tracking Balance adjustment
Test Point TP504: TE (IC501 pin 20) TP403: TE (IC401 pin 20) TP403: TE (IC401 pin 20) TP503: TE (IC501 pin 20) TP5: TE (IC501 pin 20)
GND TP502 TP405 TP405 TP505 TP515
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
(CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds) (CD works only 10 seconds)
Adjustment Point VR501 (IC501 pin 13) EI VR401 (IC401 pin 13) EI VR401 (IC401 pin 13) EI VR501 (IC501 pin 13) EI VR501 (IC501 pin 13) EI
VR503 at minimum position) VR503 at minimum position)
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below
center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape.
Readjust VR503 to mark position. Readjust VR503 to mark position.
Adjustment of the output leve lof focus error signal (FE) Focus Gain Adjustment Focus Gain Adjustment Focus Gain Adjustment Focus Gain Adjustment Focus Gain adjustment
Test Point TP507: FOD- (IC505 pin 2) FEO (IC404 pin 25) FEO (IC404 pin 25) TP510 (FOD) TP507: FOD (IC506 pin 3)
GND TP505 TP405 TP405 TP505 TP505
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR505 (IC502 pin 48) FE VR404 (IC402 pin 48) FE VR404 (IC402 pin 48) FE VR504 (IC502 pin 48) FE VR505 (IC502 pin 48) FE
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p
Adjustment of the output level of tracking signal (TE) Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain Adjustment Tracking Gain adjustment
Test Point TP506: TRD+ (IC505 pin 26) TRD (IC404 pin 19) TRD (IC404 pin 19) TP511 (TRD) TP506: TRD (IC505 pin 3)
GND TP505 TP405 TP405 TP505 TP505
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR503 (IC502 pin 45) TE VR403 (IC402 pin 45) TE VR403 (IC402 pin 45) TE VR503 (IC502 pin 45) TE VR503 (IC502 pin 45) FE
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p 500mVp-p
Adjustment of the output level of laser ( EYE-pattern) RF output Adjustment RF output Adjustment RF output Adjustment RF output Adjustment RF output adjustment
Test Point TP501: RFO (IC501 pin 2) - - - TP501: RFO (IC501 pin 2)
GND TP502 TP502
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR502 (IC501 pin 18) FB+ VR502 (IC502 pin 18) FB+
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 1 ~ 1.4Vp-p 1 ~ 1.4Vp-p
Count error rate which occurs when data is read Error rate check Error rate check Error rate check Error rate check Error rate check
Test Point TP514: C1F1 (IC503 pin 62) - - - TP514: C1F1 (IC503 pin 62)
GND TP502 TP502
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point - -
Equipment Frequency counter Frequency counter
Adjust for 5 ~ 20 5 ~ 20

- 18 -
CD Test Point III

ADJUSTMENT PZ-800 PZ-810 PZ-2000

Adjust the clock frequency of reading data recorded in CD VCO Adjustment VCO Adjustment VCO Adjustment
Test Point - - -
Connection
GND
Disc
Adjustment Point
Equipment
Adjust for
Adjustment of focus position of laser Focus Servo Offset Adjustment Focus Servo Offset Adjustment Focus Servo Offset Adjustment
Test Point TP4: FEO (IC1 pin 1) TP23: FEO (IC1 pin 1) TP23: FEO (IC1 pin 1)
GND TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48)
Disc - - -
Adjustment Point VR1 (IC1 pin 37) FE-BIAS VR1 (IC1 pin 37) FE-BIAS VR1 (IC1 pin 37) FE-BIAS
Equipment Multi Meter Multi Meter Multi Meter
Adjust for 0V +/-20mV 0V +/-20mV 0V +/-20mV
Adjust the CD tracking to move in right and left symmetry EF Balance Adjustment EF Balance Adjustment Focus Servo EF Balance Adjustment
Test Point TP6: TEO (IC1 pin 42) TP21: TEO (IC1 pin 42) TP21: TEO (IC1 pin 42)
GND TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) & TP8: ATSC TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) & TP35: TEI TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48)
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play

Adjustment Point VR2 (IC1 pin 40) EI VR2 (IC1 pin 40) EI VR2 (IC1 pin 40) EI

Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope

Adjust for Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below Make scop wave above and below
center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape. center line (0V) in same shape.

Adjustment of the output leve lof focus error signal (FE) Focus Servo Gain Setting Focus Servo Gain Setting Focus Servo Gain Setting
Test Point TP10: FOD (IC2 pin 11) TP23: FEO (IC1 pin 1) TP23: FEO (IC1 pin 1)
GND TP9 TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48)
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR4 (IC1 pin 2) FEI VR4 (IC1 pin 2) FEI VR4 (IC1 pin 2) FEI
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 400mVp-p 400mVp-p 400mVp-p
Adjustment of the output level of tracking signal (TE) Tracking Servo Gain Adjustment Tracking Servo Gain Adjustment Tracking Servo Gain Adjustment
Test Point TP11: TRD (IC2 pin 13) TP21: TEO (IC1 pin 42) TP21: TEO (IC1 pin 42)
GND TP12 TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48)
Short Short TP3 and TP8 - -
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR3 (IC1 pin 44) TEI VR3 (IC1 pin 44) TEI VR3 (IC1 pin 44) TEI
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for 400mVp-p 400mVp-p 400mVp-p
Adjustment of the output level of laser ( EYE-pattern) Final Adjustment Final Adjustment Final Adjustment
Test Point - TP23: FEO (IC1 pin 1) TP23: FEO (IC1 pin 1)
GND TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48) TP3: VC (IC1 pin 48)
Disc Set the regular disc and play Set the regular disc and play
Adjustment Point VR1 (IC1 pin 37) FE-BIAS VR1 (IC1 pin 37) FE-BIAS
Equipment Oscilloscope Oscilloscope
Adjust for Make Eye-pattrn maximum and clear. Make Eye-pattrn RF maximum and clear.
Check FE (TP23) DC volt lelel. FE (TP23) DC volt lelel.
if FE dc level > 250mV if FE dc level > 250mV
FE DC level should be +200mV +/-50mV FE DC level should be +200mV +/-50mV
if FE dc level < -250mV if FE dc level < -250mV
FE DC level should be -200mV +/-50mV FE DC level should be -200mV +/-50mV

- 19 -
TROUBLESHOOTING (CD SECTION)

The CD
section does
not work
This troubleshooting is explained the CD section.
As for repairing the PCB, refer to troubleshooting of
each service manual.

Is the objective Clean the

YES
lens of the objective lens,
optical pickup and check the
dirty ? playback.

NO

The open CD door

and turn the power
switch on.

Defective the
Is "0" or
NO power supply
"00"
circuit. Refer to
displayed on
troubleshooting
the LCD?
of each manual.

YES

Check the radiation power with an optical power meter. If

an optical power meter is not available,
Measure the
watch the radiation through the lens of the pickup unit at a
output of laser
minimum distance of 30 cm from the pickup.
beam with laser
The laser power meter is available from our spare
power meter.
parts department.

Is there NO Replace the

approx, pickup or CD
0.1mW ? mecha unit.

YES

- 20 -
 1

Load a CD and
close the CD
door.

Insert the
connection. 2

YES YES

Are total track Does the Is the short-

number and play
NO connection NO pad of
time displayed between CD unit connection on
after "0" or "00" and PCB loosen pick-up PCB
is displayed ? or come off? opened ?

YES NO

Readjust.

Press PLAY/ Remove the

PAUSE. connection.

NO

Is the VCO (PLL

free-run YES Defective the CD
Does the CD YES
turn, but frequency or PCB. Refer to
abnormality phase locked troubleshooting of
sound? loop)adjustment each manual.
good ?

NO YES

Is the tracking
Does the CD YES balance (E-F
turn, but stops balance)
immediately? adjustment
good?
NO

NO

3 Readjust.

- 21 -
 2

Check how much time it takes until

error is displayed after the play
button pressed.

About About
5 ~15 15 ~ 30
sec sec

NO Is the tracking
gain(tracking servo
Readjust.
gain) adjustment
good ?

Is the focus bias

NO
(focus offset or YES
focus servo offset) Readjust.
adjustment good ?

NO Is the tracking
YES Readjust. balance (E-F
balance) good ?

YES

Is the VCO (PLL

Defective the CD PCB.
free-run
Refer to YES
frequency or
troubleshooting of
phase locked loop
each manual.
good ?

NO

Readjust.

- 22 -
 3

YES Is the focus bias NO

Does the CD
(focus offset or
turn, but no Readjust.
focus servo offset)
sound ?
adjustment good ?

NO

YES

Is the audio Defective the CD PCB.

signal present NO Refer to
at the output troubleshooting of
terminals ? each manual.

YES

YES

Is the RF output
Is the same YES NO
(focus balance or
sound Readjust.
final )
repeated ?
adjustment good ?

NO

Is the RF output
Does a YES NO
(focus balance
sound Readjust.
or final)
splash.
adjustment
good ?
NO
YES

Defective the CD
PCB. Refer to
4
troubleshooting
each manual.

- 23 -
 4

Press SKIP/
SEARCH.

Can a selected
NO
track number be Press SKIP/
searched SEARCH
smoothly ?

YES

Is the tracking NO
OK balance (E-F Readjust.
balance) good ?

YES

Defective the CD
PCB. Refer to
troubleshooting
of each manual.

- 24 -
 Press and hold
SKIP/SEARCH.

Is the RF output NO
(focus balance or
Readjust.
final) adjustment
good ?

YES

Is the VCO (PLL NO

free-run frequency
or phase locked Readjust.
loop) adjustment
good ?

YES

Defective the CD
PCB. Refer to
troubleshooting of
each manual.

- 25 -
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.
SERVICE DIVISION

8-11-10, Nishi-Shinjuku
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan
Telephone: 03-3347-4926
Printer in Japan