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Fatigue of Shaft
Fatigue of Shaft
Volume 10, Issue 04, April 2019, pp. 9-16, Article ID: IJMET_10_04_002
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=4
ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
Chetan S
Professor, Department of mechanical, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology,
Bangalore, India
Shyamaprasad S
Sr.Manager, Off-highway R&D) AVTEC Ltd, Hosur, Tamilnadu, India
Venugopal Nair
AGM (Off-highway R&D) AVTEC Ltd, Hosur, Tamilnadu, India
ABSTRACT
In material engineering it is important to determine the cause of the failure &
prevention of the failure .In present day the failure of the machine component is about
90% of the failure is because of the fatigue. In present study the failure of the shaft in
the yaw gear box is analyzed .As we the shaft is rotating part of the engine it transmit
the power from the one part of the engine to another part. It holds the maximum stress.
In this case shaft of heat treated component with ultimate tensile strength Su= 2100Mpa
is analysis done with ANSYS (FEA) software & compared with the theoretical
calculation. There are different methods which are used to predict fatigue life include
stress life(S-N), strain Life (E-N) and Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM). In
this project study, S-N approach is used to predict fatigue life for out-put shaft.
Key words: Shaft, FEA-ANSYS (16.2), SN-curve, Fatigue –life, Fatigue factor of
safety, Fatigue damage
Cite this Article: Nagaraj S B, Chetan S, Shyamaprasad S, Venugopal Nair, Fatigue
Analysis of Out-Put Shaft Subjected to Pure Torsion, International Journal of
Mechanical Engineering and Technology 10(4), 2019, pp. 9-16.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=4
1. INTRODUCTION
A shaft has a circular cross section & it is a rotating component used in almost all the machine
.It is used to transfer the energy from the one part to another part .A shaft usually not a uniform
cross section because it is mounted by the bearing, fly wheels, clutches & other machine
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Fatigue Analysis of Out-Put Shaft Subjected to Pure Torsion
elements are mounted on the shaft .In the present shaft of heat treated material is mounted by
spur gear with pressure angle of 200 & supported by the two bearing (Roller bearing)
Stress Analysis
Stress in the Shaft In actual practice there are three kinds of stress are induced in it. a.) Shear
stress by the transmission of the torque. b.) Bending stress by the force acting upon machine
element, and weight of shaft itself. c.) Stress from both combined torsional and bending loads.
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Nagaraj S B, Chetan S, Shyamaprasad S, Venugopal Nair
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Fatigue Analysis of Out-Put Shaft Subjected to Pure Torsion
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Nagaraj S B, Chetan S, Shyamaprasad S, Venugopal Nair
= √3 ∗ 715.9142
= 1239.99 Mpa
In a Stress Life fatigue analysis, one always needs to be query an SN curve to relate the
fatigue life to the stress state. Thus of the “equivalent alternating stress” is the stress used to
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Fatigue Analysis of Out-Put Shaft Subjected to Pure Torsion
query the fatigue SN curve after accounting for fatigue loading type, mean stress effects,
multiaxial effects and any other factors in the fatigue analysis. Thus in a fatigue analysis, the
equivalent alternating stress can be thought of as the fast calculated quantity before determining
the fatigue life. The maximum value of the equivalent stress is 1244.6 Mpa, which takes place
in the cross-section of the shaft where the Roller -bearing was located.
2500
2000
1500 4408,
1000
500
0
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000
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Nagaraj S B, Chetan S, Shyamaprasad S, Venugopal Nair
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Fatigue Analysis of Out-Put Shaft Subjected to Pure Torsion
4. CONCLUSIONS
Failure analysis of the shaft is investigated in detail. Force acting on the bearing due to the
torque is determined .Endurance limit & fatigue factor of safety is calculated. Fatigue life of
the shaft is estimated & fatigue damage is calculated. Forces and stresses are calculated by
using an analytical approach and ANSYS software. Both methods show that the stresses and
fatigue life are nearly same and in the admissible range.
1. From the static analysis it was observed that maximum stress is located at the change in the
cross-section area of the shaft it is found 1313 Mpa.
2. Fatigue life is found to be 4330 cycles.
3. Factor of safety is .1975<1 which means the design is not safety.
4. Fatigue damage at the given life is 232.52
5. Stress concentration is more where there is a change in the cross-section of the shaft.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author would like to thank Prof. Chetan S (Guide, Associate Professor), NMIT, Bangalore,
Shyamaprasad S (Sr Manager) & Venugopal Nair (AGM) AVTEC Ltd, Hosur, India.
REFERENCES
[1] Failure Analysis and Fatigue Life Estimation of a Shaft of a Rotary Draw Bending Machine
B. Engel, Sara Salman Hassan Al-Maeeni Vol:11, No:11, 2017
[2] M. G. Deepan Marudachalam, K. Kanthavel, and R. Krishnaraj, “Optimization of shaft
design under fatigue loading using Goodman method,” International Journal of Scientific
& Engineering Research, Vol. 2, Issue. 8, ISSN 2229-5518, 2011.
[3] S. Gujaran, and S. Gholap, “Fatigue analysis of drive shaft,” International Journal of
Research in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue. 10, P. 22-28, 2014.
[4] Prediction of Fatigue Life of Crank Shaft using S-N Approach Mahesh L. Raotole Prof. D.
B. Sadaphale , Prof. J. R.Chaudhari (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 )
[5] “Finite Element Structural and Fatigue Analysis of Single Cylinder Engine Crank Shaft”
Bhumesh J. Bagde Laukik P. Raut ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 7, July – 2013
[6] “Mechanical Engineering Design” Shigley-Ninth Edition
[7] “Fundamentals of Machine Component Design” ROBERT C. JUVINALL Professor of
Mechanical Engineer
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