Name:___________________________________________Adm No_________________________

Signature:________________________
CHEMISTRY
THEORY 233/1 Date:__________/07/2019
TIME: 2 HOURS

PRECIOUS BLOOD SECONDARY SCHOOL -RIRUTA

END OF TERM 2 EXAMINATION
2019

FORM 1

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
Attempt all the questions in the spaces provided.
ALLOW working MUST be clearly shown.

For Examiner’s Use

QUESTION MAXIMUM SCORE STUDENT’S SCORE

1-13 80

This question paper has 13 PRINTED pages. Check to ascertain that all pages are printed as indicated
and that no question is missing.

1. Apart from cost. State two disadvantages of using apparatus made of metal in the school
laboratory. (2mks)

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2. In temperate countries, salt is sprinkled on the road during winter to help in defrosting them.
Thus making road motorable
a) Explain how the salts help in defrosting roads. (2mks)
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b) Why is the practices a disadvantage to motorist (1mks)
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3. The set-up below was used to investigate the gas produced when acid react with carbonates.
Study it and answer the questions.

(i) State the observations made in the:

Boiling tube (1mk)

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 Test tube (1mk)

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(ii) Write a word equation for the reaction in the boiling tube (1mk)

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(iii) State and explain the observations that would be made if the experiment is left for 5 hours .
(2mks)

4. a) Name the method that can be use to extract oil from nut. (1mk
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(c) Give the advantage of fractional distillation over simple distillation (1mks)
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5. The diagram shown below shows the method used by a student to determine the the boiling
point of ethanol.

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 a) Give a reason as to why it is not safe method (1mk)

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b) Illustrate as better method by drawing properly and name the method. (3mks )

c) What would happen to the boiling point of ethanol If 10 cm3 of water is added to it? (1mk)
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 6. The following procedure was used by form one class to obtain a homemade indicator. Some
flower were crushed and common solvent propanone was added. After thorough mixing and
crushing a red liquid was filtered from the mixture. The two drops of the red extract were added
to each of the substance in the table below and observations recorded.

Nitric acid Lemon juice Ammonium solution Sodium carbonate

Colour of flower extract Green Green Yellow Yellow
a. Why were flowers crushed before solvent crushed was added (1mk)
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b. Name another solvent that could have been used instead of propanone (1mk)
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c. Explain why is it necessary to filter the solution (1mks)
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d. Name the apparatus that would be most suitable to:-
i. Crush the flower (1mk)

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ii. Filter the solution (1mk)

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e. What is the colors of indicators in:- (3mks)

i. Sodium chloride solution
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ii. Tablet solution

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iii. Sweat
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f. What would be the advantage and disadvantage of flower extract over commercial indicators.
(2mks)

Advantage

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Disadvantage

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7. Solutions may be classified as strongly basic, weakly basic neutral weakly acidic, strongly acidic.
The information below gives solution and their pH values. Study it and answer the questions that
follow.

Solution pH value
B 0.5
C 6
D 14.5
Classify the solution in the table above using the stated classification B, C & D (3 marks)

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8. a) Below is a paper chromatogram of pure substances W, X and Y

Solvent Front

Origin
w x y mixture k

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The mixture K contains substances W and X only. Indicate on the diagram the chromatogram of K. (2
marks)

(b) State one application of chromatography. (1 mark)

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9. Two immiscible liquids P and U were found to have densities 1.65g/cm3 and 0.52g/cm3
respectively. Using the most suitable set of apparatus, describe how one can separate them.
3mks
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10. Name the acids found in (3mks)
i. Sour milk
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ii. Vinegar
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iii. Wasp stings
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11. The graph below shows the shape of the curve obtained by a student when solid x was heated
to boiling.

a) Determine the melting point of solid X (1mk)

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b) State and explain what portions PQ ,QR and RS represent in each case give the physical state of the
solid (6mks)

PQ...................................................................................................................................................................

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QR...................................................................................................................................................................

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RS....................................................................................................................................................................

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12. What will you do immediately if a chemical gets on your skin? (2mks)
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13. State TWO safety rules in the laboratory (2mks)

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14. The following diagram represents a non-luminous flame of the Bunsen burner

a) Name the parts of the flame labelled A,B and C (3mks)

A ……………………………………………………
B ……………………………………………………
C ……………………………………………………
b) Which part in a) above is the hottest? Explain (2mks)
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15. Name the elements present in the following compound

a) Sodium Bromide (2MK)

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b) Ammonium hydrogen carbonate (2MKS)

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16. Complete the table below (5mks)

Element Symbol
chromium
Fluorine
He
copper
Mn

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17. In an experiment to separate a mixture of two organic liquids, liquid M (b.p 56 oC) and liquid N (b.t.
118Co),a student set up the apparatus shown below.

Thermometer

Cork

Water in

Mixture of liquid N and

M

Water
out Cork
Heat

Distillatate

(a) Identify two mistakes in the set – up (2marks)

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(b) What method would the student use to test the purity of the distillates obtained?
(1 mark)
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18. The diagram below is a set up of an experiment to measure the amount of air that supports
burning.

a) What is the purpose of the sodium hydroxide solution? (1mk)

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b) State and explain what happens to level of sodium hydroxide solution after sometime.
(1mks)
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c) If the initial volume of air in the gas jar was 80 cm3and the final volume was found to be 63
cm3, calculate the percentage of air by volume used in the burning? (2mks)
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19. Classify the following processes as either chemical or physical. (4marks)

Process Type of change

a) Heating copper (II) sulphate
crystals
B)producing charcoal from trees
c) Heating a candle
d)heating of zinc (ii)oxide

20. Define the following terms:- (4mk)

a. Element
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b. Acid
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c. Endpoint
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d. Neutralization
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23. A measuring cylinder fitted with moist steel wool was inverted in a trough of water as shown in the diagram below.

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xxxxxx Moist steel wool
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Pure water

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 (a) State and explain the observations made on the:
(i) Moist steel wool after four days. (1 mark)

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(ii) Water level in the measuring cylinder after four days (1 mark)
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(b) What would be the effect of using steel wool moistened with salty water? (1 mark)

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24. Write word equations for the reactions: (2mks)

I. Dilute hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide

II. Zinc metal and sulphuric (vi) acid

25. Fill the table below.

Use of a Gas Percentage of the gas in air

Used in making bulbs and in Artificial Insemination (A.I)
in the field of Agriculture
0.03 %

(2MKS)

___________________________THE END, HAVE A BLESSED HOLIDAY___________________________

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