Propaganda

-message designed to persuade its intended audience to think and behave in a certain manner
-is the spreading of in support of a cause
-the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring an
institution, cause or person.
Propagaganda Movement
-it was a literary and cultural association of Filipinos who settled and studied in Europe (why)
-It is the manipulation of information to influence public opinion
-a peaceful crusade or campaign for reforms was done by means of pen and tongue to pressure
the Spanish Government
-It was organized and participated by the ilustrados
Rise of the propaganda movement
-it began in 1872, when Father Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora were executed
at the Luneta
Asociacion Hispano-Filipina
La Vaz de la Patria- Madrid newspaper
January 12, 1889- Formal Inauguration of the Association took place
Espana en Filipinas
“Ventura felt that an organization, many of whose members were Spaniards, would hardly be
likely to promote Filipino interests and that, in any case, activity in Spain was already futile; the
place for propaganda was in the Philippines.”
“Rizal seems to have more or less shared these sentiments, and refused to accept the invitation
given him to be a member of the Junta directive, though he had accepted the position of
honorary president of the association “Solidaridad” of Barcelona, which was composed only
Filipinos.”
Antonio Luna- treasurer. Accepted the position only to keep the organization from dying before
it was inaugurated, leaving its founder, Morayta.
La Vaz de la Patria- less frightened by the attacks
Del Pilar and Ponce- cooperated with Morayta by helping to give publicity of the association.
After inauguration; Del Pilar wrote an article in Barcelona newspaper La Publicidad
Del Pilar saw the association as an instrument that could be used for Filipino goals, and he was
ready to accommodate himself to promoting such an organization.
May 1889- Ciculo Hispano- Filipino was about to opened in Madrid. Del pilar feared that it
might be a stratagem of Father Salvador Font, to act as procurator of the Philippines
Augustanians with the government

Ang Circulo Hispano-Filipino ay inorginasa ng mga estudyanteng Pilipino sa Madrid, kasama

ang ilang mga Espanyol na dating nanirahan sa Pilipinas, karamihan mga Liberal, gaya ni
Pedro Ortiga y Rey, alkalde ng Maynila, at Consejero de Ultramar para sa Pilipinas.

HIindi nagtagal ang Circulo pati na ang magazin nito. Sa mga estudyante, kahirap mangalap ng
pondo. Nagdusa din ang Circulo dahil sa sumusulpot na problemag indibidwalismong wala sa
lugar, bawat kasapi ng organisasyon lihim na nagmamaktol kung hindi siya ang inihalal na
pangulo. Ang partikular na katangiang ito sa hanay ng kababayan, ang kahirapang pagsanibin
ang mga puwersa para sa isang pagkilos, bunga ng labis na indibidwalismo, ay problemang
dadagan-dagan kay Rizal sa takbo ng kanyang buhay politikal. Palagian nya itong alalahanin, at
hindi rin nya mawari kung paano pakikitunguhan.

Nagsimulang magsisi itong mga estudyante sa pagkabuwag ng Circulo, sanhi na rin ng kanilang
kawalang-pansin at pagkakawatak-watak. Sa panahong ito, kamit na ni Rizal ang mataas na
pagpapahalaga ng kanyang mga propesor at mga kaeskwelang Espanyol at unti-unti ng
pinakikinggan ng kapwa nya Pilipino; subalit matindi pa rin ang dating naknak. Noong 2 Enero
1884 isang pulong ang idinaos sa bahay ng tatlong magkakapatid na Paterno, Pedro, Maximo,
at Antonio, para talakayin ang pagbubuhay-muli ng Circulo.

Hindi tinukoy ni Rizal sa kanyang talaarawan, ngunit napagtanto nyang nasa likod nito ang
pagtanggi ng mas mayayamang estudyanteng manguna sa pag-aambag ng pera. Datapwat sa
mga oras na iyon, si Paterno, isang kaibigang malapit ni Rizal na kapareho nya ng interes at
saloobin, na tatanyag sa Unang Republikang Pilipino, ay hindi masugid sa pagtanggap ng
responsibilidad. Sa katunayan, ang kawalang liderato ni Paterno ang naging pangunahing
balakid na kinaharap ni Rizal sa unang dalawang taon nya sa Madrid

On January 12, 1889, Hispano-Filipino Association, an organization composed of

Filipinos and Spaniards, was formed in Madrid, Spain calling for reforms in the
Philippines during Spanish colonization.

Among other things, it campaigned for Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes
and the passage of the Maura Law to bring about educational reforms in the
archipelago.

(Miguel Morayta)
The association was formed as reformists realized that putting up an organization would
mean pooling of their resources and efforts in the campaign to have their voices heard
by Spanish (pensular) government.

Accordingly, only few sons of the wealthy Filipino families who went to Spain in the
second half of the 19th century were in the propaganda movement as some of them
were there to study in the hope they would someday become successful professionals
and businessmen.

In the case of reformists, they were Graciano Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Jose
Rizal, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose M. Panganiban, Eduardo de Lete, and a few
others. They were serious-minded young men who think of the welfare of the
Philippines first and their personal welfare last.

The Spanish members of the society were Miguel Morayta, professor of history at the
Universidad Central de Madrid, and Felipe de la Corte, author of several works on the
Philippines.

Society was divided into three sections to make the propaganda effective -- political
section under Del Pilar; literary section under Ponce; and the sports section under
Arejola.

However, intensive campaign for reforms did not yield any tangible results in the form of
changes in the administration of the Philippines because Spain was too preoccupied
with its own internal problems to give moment’s thought to colonial problem; friars were
too powerful even in Spain to be sidetracked by the Spanish authorities.

Reference: Philippine News Agency archives