BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

INTENDED LEARNING
OUTCOME
INTRODUCTION TO  Recall the basic concepts of programming.

JAVA  Identify the all about of Java

Programming Language.
PROGRAMMING  Distinguish the different part of Java
Source File.
 Knows how to use the NeatBeans IDE to
create a java program.

WHAT IS
PROGRAMMING?
 Programming is the act or job of
creating computer programs (Merriam-
Webster Dictionary)
 Programming is the act or process
of writing a program so that data may be
processed by a computer (Collins
Dictionary)
 Programming is the implementation of
logic to facilitate specified computing
operations and functionality
(techopedia.com)
WHAT IS
PROGRAM?
 Program is a sequence of coded
instructions that can be inserted into a
mechanism such as a computer (Merriam-
Webster Dictionary)
 Program is a specific set of ordered
operations for a computer to perform.
(WhatIs.com)
 Program is a set of instructions that a
computer follows in order to perform a
particular task (Collins Dictionary)

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1
WHAT IS
SOURCE CODE?
 Source code is the original form of
a computer program before it
is converted into a machine-
readable code(Collins Dictionary)
 Source code referred to as simply the
"source" of a program, contains variable
declarations, instructions, functions, loops,
and other statements that tell the program
how to function (techterms.com)
 Source code is the set of instructions and
statements written by a programmer using a
computer programming language
(techopedia.com)
WHAT ARE THE
TYPES OF PROG. LANGUAGES?
 Compiled Language
 Interpreted Language
 Bytecode Language
Source: thesocietea.org
June Arreb C. Danila
College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres
WHAT IS
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE?
 Programming Language is the language in
which a programmer writes the instructions
that the computer will ultimately execute
(britannica.com)
 Programming Language is a vocabulary
and set of grammatical rules for instructing
a computer or computing device to perform
specific tasks (webopedia.com)
 Programming Language is a set of
commands, instructions, and
other syntax use to create a
software program (techterms.com)
WHAT IS
COMPILED LANGUAGE?
 Compiled Language is one where the
program, once compiled, is expressed in
the instructions of the target machine;
this machine code is undecipherable by
humans
Source Object
Machine
Code Code
Source: thesocietea.org
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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

WHAT IS WHAT IS
INTERPETED LANGUAGE? BYTECODE LANGUAGE?
 Interpreted Language is one where the  Bytecode Language is a type of
instructions are not directly executed by programming language that fall under the
the target machine, but instead read and categories of both compiled and
executed by some other program (which interpreted languages because they
normally is written in the language of the employ both compilation and
native machine) interpretation to execute code
Virtual
Source Intermediate Source Machine
Interpreter ByteCode
Code Code Code
(Interpreter)

Source: thesocietea.org Source: thesocietea.org

 Bytecode is a form of instruction set that

is designed to be efficiently executed by an
interpreter and is composed of compact
numeric codes, constants, and memory
references JAVA
 Example of Bytecode Language: JAVA
TECHNOLOGY

Source: thesocietea.org

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

 Java is the single most widely used

THE JAVA TECHNOLOGY development language in the world today
 Java is the global standard for developing  Over 9 million Java developers
and delivering embedded and mobile  Over 7 Billion devices used Java
applications, games, web-based content,  Desktops
and enterprise software
 Mobile Phones
 Java enables you to efficiently develop,
 Appliances
deploy, and use exciting applications and
services  Cards
 From laptops to data centers, game
 Clouds
consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell  AI & Analytics
phones to the Internet, JAVA IS
EVERYWHERE!
Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

JAVA TECHNOLOGY PRODUCT JAVA TARGET DEVICE TYPE

 Java Platform
 Standard Edition (Java SE)
 Enterprise Edition (Java EE)
 Micro Edition (Java ME)
 Java Card

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

JAVA SE JAVA EE
 Isused to develop applications that run on  Isused to create large enterprise, server-
desktop computers side, and client-side distributed
applications

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

JAVA ME JAVA CARD

 Is used to create applications for devices 5 billion Java Cards are in use
with limited storage, display, and power  It’s used to create applications that can
capacities. run securely on smart cards and similar
 Is used to develop applications for mobile small-memory devices
phones, PDAs, TV set-top boxes, smart  Java Card is typically used in the
cards, Raspberry Pi, and many more. following areas (and many more):
 Identity
 Security
 Transactions
 Mobile phone SIMs
Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

 The Green Team,

JAVA: BRIEF HISTORY a team of highly
 In 1990, Sun Microsystems began a skilled software
research project to extend the power of developers at Sun
network computing to consumer devices, under the
such as video cassette recorders leadership of
(VCRs) and televisions James Gosling,
 The belief was that the next wave in developed Java
computing was the union of digital (originally called
consumer devices and computers Oak) as their
 There were also frustrations with the
solution.
use of the C/C++ language at Sun
Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

 Devices with different central processing
units (CPUs) could be connected and
share the same software enhancements
through a single programming language
 This initial concept was ahead of its time,
as several deals with consumer device
companies were unsuccessful
 The Green Team was forced to find
another market for their new
programming language.
 Fortunately, the World Wide Web was
becoming popular and the Green Team
recognized that the Oak language was
perfect for developing web multimedia
components to enhance web pages
 Initially, the Oak language was used for
small applications, called applets, and
programmers using the Internet adopted
what eventually became the Java
Programming language

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

 The turning point for Java came in 1995,  Duke is Java’s

when Netscape incorporated Java into its official mascot
browser
 The original Duke
 Oracle acquired Sun Microsystems in
was created by the
2010 Green Team’s
graphic artist, Joe
Palrang

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

Java Version Released

JDK Alpha & Beta 1995
JDK 1.0 1996
JDK 1.1 1997
JDK 1.2 1998
JDK 1.4 2000
JDK 5 2004
JDK 6 2006
JDK 7 2011
JDK 8 (LTS) March, 2014
JDK 9 September, 2017
JDK 10 March, 2018
JDK 11 (LTS) September, 2018
Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

PURPOSE OF A
COMPUTER PROGRAM
JAVA A computer program is a set of
instructions that run on a computer or
ENVIRONMENT other digital device
 At the machine level, the program consists of
(JVM, JRE, JDK, IDE) binary instructions (1s and 0s), called
Machine code
 Most programs are written in high-level
code (readable), must be translated to
machine code

Source: Oracle Academy

TRANSLATING HIGH-LEVEL LINKED TO PLATFORM-

CODE TO MACHINE CODE SPECIFIC LIBRARIES

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

PLATFORM-DEPENDENT JAVA IS
PROGRAMS PLATFORM-INDEPENDENT

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

JAVA PROGRAMS RUN IN A JAVA RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT

JVM (JRE)
 JVM – Java Virtual Machine  Includes:

 The Java Virtual Machine

(JVM)
 Java class libraries
 Purpose:

 Read bytecode (.class)

 Run the same bytecode
anywhere with a JVM

Source: Oracle Academy Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1
JAVA DEVELOPMENT KIT
(JDK)
 Includes:
JRE –
 Java Compiler
 Additional tools
 Purpose:
 Compile bytecode
(.java .class)
Source: Oracle Academy
COMPILING AND RUNNING A
JAVA PROGRAM
Source: Oracle Academy
June Arreb C. Danila
College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres
INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENT (IDE)
 Purpose:
 Provide a sophisticated text editor
 Offer assistance debugging code
 Manage projects
 Write source code (.java)
 Examples:
 NetBeans
 Greenfoot and BlueJ
 Alice
Source: Oracle Academy
JAVA PROGRAM
BASIC STRUCTURE
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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

 Any Java programs can contain any

THE JAVA SOURCE FILE number of classes
package com.javafiledemo  At most one class can be declared as

Package Statement public

class Class1{  If there is a public class, the name of the

} source file of the program and the name of

the public class must be match or the
class Class2{ Class(es) same
}  If there is no public class then we can
class ClassN{ use any name for java source file
}

Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft) Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft)

package com.javafiledemo package com.javafiledemo

public class Class1{ class Class1{

} }
class Class2{ class Class2{
} }
class ClassN{ class ClassN{
} }
 Program Filename: Class1.java  ProgramFilename: Class1.java,
Class2.java, ClassN.java, or
JunAr.java
Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft) Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft)

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

package com.javafiledemo  Toimproves readability and

understandability of the code:
public class Class1{  Take only one class for source file and
} name of the program (file) must be same
as class name
Public class Class2{
}
Program Filename: Class1.java
class ClassN{
package com.javafiledemo
}
 Program Filename: Class2.java public class Class1{

}
Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft) Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft)

KEEP IN MIND: THE PACKAGE STATEMENT

Class Names  It is an encapsulation mechanism to group
 Should be in a Pascal Case format (First related classes and interfaces into a single
letter should be in Upper Case. If several module.
words are used to form a name, each inner  The main objectives of packages are:
word's first letter should be in Upper 1. To resolve name confects
Case.) 2. To improve modularity of the
 Example: application
 MyFirstJavaProgram 3. To provide security
 HelloWorld
 Rectangle
Source: Oracle Academy

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

 Universally accepted naming conversion for

packages that is to use internet domain name THE MAIN() METHOD
in reverse:
 The class may contain a required main()
 Example:
method or not
com.icicibank.loan.housingloan.Account  But the required main() method is the
method find by the JVM when running the
program
Client Module Sub module Class  The compiler is not responsible for
internet name name name checking the required main() methods
domain  At the runtime, JVM is the responsible for
name in checking the required main() methods
reverse
Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft) Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft)

 If JVM unable to find the required main() Acceptable changes to main() method
method the program will get a runtime syntax:
exception NoSuchMethodError: main 1. The order of modifiers (public, static) can be
 The required main() method has the change
following prototype: 2. Can declare string[] in any acceptable form:
String[] args, String []args, or String args[]
To call by JVM W/o existing object JVM
anywhere has to call this method 3. Can use any valid java identifier instead of args
4. Can replace string[] with var-arg parameter.
public static void main(String[] args) Ex: main(String… args)
5. main() method can be add the following
The main() method won’t Command line modifiers: final, synchronized, strictfp
return anything to JVM arguments

Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft) Source: Java Deep Learning (Awwalsoft)

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1
Tell valid or invalid main() methods
1. public static void main(String args){ }
2. public syncronized final strictfp void
main(String[] args){ }
3. public static void main(String… args){ }
4. public static int main(String[] args){ }
5. public static syncronized final strictfp void
main(String… args){ }
6. public static void main(String… args){ }
7. public void main(String args[]){ }
8. static public void main(String[] args){ }
9. public static syncronized void main(String[] a){ }
10. static public final main(String []june){ }
JAVA COMMENTS
 Single-line comment
 Starts with //
 Multiline comment
 Begins with /* and ends with */
 Documentation comment
 This type of comment is used to produce an
HTML file that documents your program
 Begins with a /** and ends with a */
June Arreb C. Danila
College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres
Tell valid or invalid main() methods
1. public static void main(String args){ } //invalid
2. public [static] syncronized final strictfp void
main(String[] args){ } //invalid, no static
3. public static void Main(String… args){ } //invalid
4. public static int main(String[] args){ } //invalid
5. public static syncronized final strictfp void
main(String… args){ } //valid
6. public static void main(String… args){ } //valid
7. public [static] void main(String args[]){ } //invalid,
8. static public void main(String[] args){ } //valid
9. public static syncronized void main(String[] a){ }
//valid
10. static public final [void] main(String []june){ }
//invalid
Documentation comment
Single-line comment
Multiline comment
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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

CREATING NEW JAVA

APPLICATION PROGRAM
 Open the NetBeans IDE
USING NETBEANS  Click the New Project icon

IDE (BASICS)

1 – Enter your Project Name

1 - Click the Java folder

2 - Click the Java 2 – Browse for folder you want to

Application save the project

3 - Click the Next button 3 – Click the Finish button

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

Click this to
TRY THIS: hide the
documentation

You can delete this

Program
Documentation

Package name
Source Code Filename
Class name

main() Method

Class name

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BIT212k - Object-oriented Programming 1 College of Computer Studies, University of Nueva Caceres

RUNNING THE PROGRAM

Program with Syntax Error
Click the Run Project
button or press the F6 key A Red line will appear if there’s an
syntax error in the statement.
 Mouse-over the statement with red line to
display the error hints tooltip
Error Hints

Output Window

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