Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Solution and Collegative
Solution and Collegative
LIQUID STATE
EXERCISE-3
Answer Key & Solution
CAREER POINT _______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State |1
Sol.1 [A]
Top
2 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State ______________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.2 [B]
Tf = – 0.186°C
Kf = 1.86°C
m=?
0.186° = 1.86 × m
m=1
Tb = Kb × m given Kb = 0.512
= 0.512 × 1 = 0.512
Boiling point = 100 + 0.512 = 100. 512
Top
CAREER POINT _______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State |3
Sol.3 [A]
Top
4 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State ______________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.4 [D]
Top
CAREER POINT _______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State |5
Sol.5 [C]
Top
6 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State ______________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.6 [C]
for HX H+ + X–
n=2 = 0.3
i = 1 + (n – 1)
= 1 + 0.3(2 – 1)
= 1.3
given Kf = 1.85, Tf = Kf xi ×m
= 1.85 × 1.3×0.2
0 – freezing point = 0.480
freezing point = – 0.480
Top
CAREER POINT _______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State |7
Sol.7 [B]
Top
8 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State ______________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.8 [A]
maximum no of ions
Top
CAREER POINT _______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State |9
Sol.9 [D]
1 2
=
2
1.64 2.46
=
2
= 2.05
Top
10 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.10 [B]
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 11
Sol.11 [D]
Top
12 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.12 [D]
Na2SO4 2Na+ + SO 4–2
n=1+2=3
if degree of ionisation =
i = 1 + (3 – 1) = 1 + 2
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 13
Sol.13 [B]
V.P. of benzene = p° benzene× (mole fraction)
1
= 75 ×
1
1
2
= 50
Top
14 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.14 [D]
1.5 480 1.2 520
m= = 1.344
520 480
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 15
Sol.15 [D]
Largest no. of salve particle's highest will be B.P.
Top
16 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.16 [C]
18
760 – p S 180
=
760 18 178.2
180 18
760 – p S 0 .1
=
760 0 .1 9 .9
7600 – 10pS = 76
7600 – 76
PS = = 752.4
10
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 17
Sol.17 [B]
Given 2.05 M solution of CH3COOH in water has denoity = 1.02 g/m2
Now wt of 1000 mL solution
= 1.02 × 1000
= 1020
wt of solvent = 1020 – wt of CH3COOH
wt of solvent = 1020 – wt of CH3COOH
wt of CH3COOH = 2.05 × 60
= 123
wt of solvent = 1020 – 123 = 897
2.05
molality = × 1000 = 2.28
89.7
Top
18 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.18 [A]
Give 290 = 200(1 – 0.6) + PC 2 H 5OH × 0.6
290 = 200 × 0.4 + PC 2 H 5OH × 0.6
PC 2 H 5OH = 350 mm
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 19
Sol.19 [D]
for isotonic solution
1 = 2
at constant temp
C1 = C2
5.25 1 .5
=
m 60
5.26 60
m= = 210.0 g/mol
1 .5
Top
20 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.20 [C]
wt of H2SO4 = 306 × 98 = 352.8
71
wt of H2O = 352.8 × = 863.75
29
total wt = 863.75 + 352.8 = 1216.5
1216.5
density = 1.22
1000
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 21
Sol.21 [C]
17.5 – P 18 / 180
=
17.5 18 178.2
180 18
17.5 – P 0 .1
=
17.5 0.10
175 – 10P– 1.75
P = 17.325
Top
22 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.22 [C]
760 = 520XA + 1000(1 – XA)
760 = 520XA + 1000 – 1000XA
XA = 240 = 0.5 = 50 %
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 23
Sol.23 [A]
Top
24 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.24 [B]
1 3
550 = p 0x × + p 0y ×
4 4
1 4
560 = p 0x × + p 0y ×
5 5
2200 = p 0x + 3 p 0y .......... (i)
28000 = p 0x + 4p 0y ........... (ii)
(ii) – (i)
p 0y = 600
p 0x = 2200 – 600 × 3 = 400
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 25
Sol.25 [A]
Tf = Kfm
WB 1000
2.8 = 1.86 ×
M B WA
WB 1000
= 1.86 ×
62 1000
= 93.3 g
Top
26 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.26 [C]
120 1000
M=
60 1120
1.15
100
=2× × 1.15
112
= 2.05 M
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 27
Sol.27 [A]
Tf = Kf × m × i
Tf 1.91
i = = = 1.02
K f m 1.86 1
For HI H+ + I–
1 – + + = i = 1.027
1 + = 1.027
= 0.027 or 2.7 %
Top
28 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.28 [A]
Let vapor pressure of A = PA0
Vapour pressure of B = PB0
In first solution,
1 1
Mole fraction of A(xA) = =
1 2 2
2 2
Mole fraction of B(xB) =
1 2 3
According to Raoult's law, Total vapour pressure = 250 = PA0 x A PB0 x B
1 0 2 0
250 = PA PB …(i)
3 3
In second solution
2 2 1
Mole fraction of A(xA) =
22 4 2
2 1
Mole fraction of B(xB) =
4 2
Total vapour pressure = 300
= PA0 x A PB0 x B
1 0 1 0
300 = PA + PB …(ii)
2 2
1 1
Multiplying equation (i) by and equation (ii) by
2 3
1 0 2 0
PA PB = 125
6 6
1 0 2 0
PA PB 100
6 6
1 0
PB 25
6
PB0 = 25 × 6 = 150 mm Hg
On substituting value of PB0 in equation (ii) we get
1 1
300 = PA0 × + 150 ×
2 2
PA0 = 450 mm Hg
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 29
Sol.29 [C]
k f w 1000
Mol.wt. =
Tf W
1.86 0.85 1000
=
0.23 125
55 gm
Where
w = 0.85 g
W = 125 g
Tf = 0ºC – (–23ºC) = 23ºC
M normal 136.3
Now, i = = = 2.47
M observed 55
ZnCl 2 Zn 2Cl –
1 2
Top
30 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.30 [C]
M1V1 M 2 V2
Mres. =
V1 V2
(0.5 750) (2 250)
=
250 750
375 500
= = 0.875 M
1000
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 31
Sol.31 [C]
P º Ps n w M
= = ×
Pº N m W
12 18
0.1 = ×
m 108
12 18
m = = 20
0.1 108
Top
32 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.32 [C]
Van’t Hoff factor (i) and the degree of association are related as below :
1
i = 1 – 1
n
1
0.9 = 1 – 0.2 1
n
On solving,
1 1
1 =
n 2
1 1 1
=1– =
n 2 2
n =2
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 33
Sol.33 [C]
The relation between molarity (M) and molality (m) is
1 M2
d = M , M2 = mol. Mass of solute
m 1000
On putting value
1 58.5
1.252 = 3
m 1000
On solving m = 2.79
Top
34 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.34 [B]
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 35
Sol.35 [D]
Tf = Kfm
where m= molality
w
273 – 268 = 1.86 ×
M V
w
5 = 1.86 ×
32 10
5 32 10
w =
1.86
= 860.2 868.06 g
Top
36 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.36 [A]
From molarity equation
M1V1 + M2V2 = MV(total)
10 200 210
2× + 0.5 × =M×
1000 1000 1000
120 = M × 210
120
M= = 0.57 M
210
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 37
Sol.37 [D]
= 100%
i = no. of particles given by an electrolyte
0.500 M C2H5OH (aq.) ; i = 1
0.100 M Mg3(PO4)2 (aq.) ; i = 5
0.250 M KBr (aq.) ; i=2
0.125 M Na3PO4 (aq.) ; i=4
according to formula of osmotic pressure,
(i × C)
( C2H5OH ) 1 × 0.5
(KBr) 2 × 0.25
( Na 3PO 4 ) 4 × 0.125
Top
38 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.38 [B]
If we plot a graph between the vapour pressure and the temperature. We would get a curve that rises faster as
T increases, giving a curved line
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 39
Sol.39 [A]
Given ob= 10.8 atm
nor = CST = 0.10 × 0.0821 × 298 = 2.446
Now experimental value of (i)
Observed osmotic pressure
=
Normal osmotic pressure
10.8
= = 4.42
2.446
Top
40 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.40 [D]
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 41
Sol.41 [B]
P° = 185 torr,
PS = 183 torr
Wsolute = 1.2 g, Wsolvent = 100 g
MMsolute = ? MMsolvent = 58 g/mol
P o PS Wsolute MM solvent
PS Wsolvent MM solute
Top
42 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.42 [C]
We assume the solution is prepared at boiling point temperature of water
P° = 760 mm Hg
P Ps n
P nN
760 – Ps 0 .1
760 9 .9 0 .1
Ps 0 .1
1
760 10
Ps
1 – 0.01 =
760
Ps = 752.4 mm Hg or torr.
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 43
Sol.43 [B]
Tf = i × Kf × m
i 5.12 0.2 1000
0.45 =
60 20
i = .527
i .527
= .946 or 94.6 %
1 1/ n 1 1/ 2
Top
44 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.44 [D]
Na2SO4 2Na+ + SO24
i = 1 + (3 – 1) 0.815 = 2.63
5 1000
3.82 1.86 2.63
142 X
1.86 2.63 5000
x = 45 gm
142 3.82
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 45
Sol.45 [C]
Molar mass of CHCl3 = 119.5 g/mol
Molar mass of CH2Cl2 = 85 g/mol
11.95
Molar of CHCl3 = = 0.1 mol
119.5
8 .5
Molar of CH2Cl2 = = 0.1 mol
85
0 .1
Molar fraction of CHCl3 = = 0.5 mol
0 .2
0 .1
Molar fraction of CH2Cl2 = = 0.5 mol
0 .2
(Given – Vapour pressure of CHCl3 = 200 mm
Hg = 0.263 atm
Vapour pressure of CH2Cl2 = 415 mm
Hg = 0.546 atm)
(1 atm = 760 mm Hg)
P(above solution) = Mole fraction of CHCl3
× (Vapour pressure of CHCl3)
+ Mole fraction of CH2Cl2
×(Vapour pressure of CH2Cl2)
= 0.5 × 0.263 + 0.5 × 0.546 = 0.4045
Mole fraction of CHCl3 in vapour form
0.1315
= = 0.325
0.4045
Top
46 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.46 [A]
V 45 (800 V ) 20 800 29.875
+ =
100 100 100
9V V
+ 160 – = 239
20 5
V = 316
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 47
Sol.47 [B]
Tf (Freezing point depression) n(no. of particles)
Top
48 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.48 [D]
( Ksp) pbCl2 = 3.2 × 10–8 = 32×10–9
PbCl2 Pb2 2Cl
s 2s
Ksp = [Pb2+][Cl–]2
Ksp = 4s3 = 32 × 10–9
s3 = 8 × 10–9
s = 2 × 10–3 M
w 1
= 2 × 10–3
M.W. VL
0.1 1
= 2 × 10–3
278 VL
0.1 1000
VL = = 0.18 L
278 2
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 49
Sol.49 [B]
M M
75 mL HCl + 25 mL NaOH
5 5
M M
25 mL NaOH will neutralize 25 mL HCl
5 5
M
75 – 25 = 50 mL HCl will remain.
5
Total volume will be 75 + 25 = 100 mL
M
50 mL HCl is diluted to 100 mL
5
M 50 M
[H+]= [HCl] = × =
5 100 10
M
pH= – log10[H+] = –log10 =1
10
Top
50 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT
Sol.50 [A]
The relationship between molar masses of the two solvents is
3
MX = MY …(i)
4
The relative lowering of vapour pressure of the two solutions is
P P
=m
P X P Y
But, the relative lowering of vapour pressure of solutions is directly proportional to the mole fraction of
solute.
Given 5 molal solution, means 5 mole of solute are dissolved in 1 kg (or 1000 g) of solvent.
1000g
The number of moles of solvent =
M
5 5
The mole fraction of solute = =M×
1000 / M 1000
Hence
5 5
MX × = m × MY × …(ii)
1000 1000
Substitute equation (i) in equation (ii)
3 5 5
× MY × = m × MY ×
4 1000 1000
3
m=
4
Top
CAREER POINT ______________________________ Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State | 51
Sol.51 [C]
Molar mass of octane = 114 g/mol
From the lowering of vapour pressure we have
W2
P M2
=
P W2 W1
M 2 M1
W2
75 50g / mol
=
100 W2 114g
50g / mol 114g / mol
W2
0.75 = 50
W2
1
50
W2 W2
+1=
50 50 0.75
W2 = 150 g
Note : W2 and M2 are mass and molar mass of solute and W1 and M1 are mass and molar mass of octane.
Top
52 | Solution & Colligative Properties & Liquid State _____________________________ CAREER POINT