Automatic Star Delta Starter Project Thesis

Fabrication Of Automatic Star Delta Starter Using Relay
PROJECT REPORT ON
“FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC STAR-

DELTA STARTER USING RELAY”
2018-2019
This project work is submitted in a partial fulfillment of the requirement for

the award of diploma in
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, MUMBAI
Under The Guidance Of

Mr. J. D. Borkar
(Lecturer in electrical Department)
SUBMITTED BY
Mr.Abhishek K. Diwanji
Mr. Kunal K. Bhakare Mr. Haridas H. Bhongade
Ms. Bhagyashri C. Donadkar Ms. Shilpa P. Gajpure
Mr. Sudhir S. Kewat Ms. Vaishnavi D. Sonwane
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, BRAMHAPURI
Electrical Engineering Page 1


DIST. CHANDRAPUR, PIN-441206
CERTIFICATE
2018-2019
This is to certify that the following student of this institute have carried the
project work on “FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC STAR DELTA STARTER USING
RELAY” under my guidance in “DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING” during
the academic session 2018-19 This work has been done in partial fulfillment of
requirement for the award of diploma in electrical engineering from Maharashtra state
board of technical education, Mumbai.
Mr. J. D. Borkar
( PROJECT GUIDE )
(lecturer in electrical department)
Government Polytechnic , Bramhapuri
Mr. J. D. BORKAR DR. M. B. DAIGAVANE

(H. O. D. ELECTRICAL DEPT.) (PRINCIPAL)
Govt. Polytechnic ,Bramhapuri Govt. Polytechnic ,Bramhapuri

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, BRAMHAPURIPage 2
Electrical Engineering
Department of electrical engineering

GOVT. POLYTECHNIC BRAMHAPURI
Dist. ChandrApur,pin.441206
SUBMISSION
I, Mr/Ms. ……………………. the student of third year

Electrical Engineering department humbly submit that I
have completed time to time the project work as described
in this project by my own skill and study between the
project from 2018-19 as per instructions and guidance of
Mr. J. D. Borkar (lecturer in EE Dept.)
And that we have not copied the report or it’s any
appreciated part from any other literature in construction
of the academic ethics.
D.O.S: Signature of student

Place : Bramhapuri

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and the whole
hearted thanks to our project guide Mr. J. D. Borkar for his valuable
guidance, kind suggestions and constant encouragement. We are also very
much indebted to Mr. J. D. Borkar (Head of department of electrical
engineering) for his valuable motivation and effective support.
We would also like to thank to our teaching staff for helping in
preparation of this project work. We would also like to thank Dr. M. B.
Daigavane (Principal of Govt.Poly.Bramhapuri ) for his support and his
encouragement.
We would also like to thank all our non technical staff and every friends
for helping in preparation of this project work.
PROJECTEES

CONCEPT
In an industrial sector induction motor is used in large scale for each

and every function. In our machine lab three phase squirrel cage induction
motor is available. It requires the starter for smooth starting without any
fluctuation in supply.
We have observed that an automatic star delta starter is required for

starting 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor. Therefore we have decided to
fabricate the automatic star delta starter. The Star Delta Starter works on the
reduce voltage starting method. In star Connection it only carries Star Current
i.e. 1√3 of delta Current. After reaching 75% speed of rated speed, it connects
in delta connection So that it carries rated voltage.
Hence it protects the motor from High starting current. So we

have decided to fabricate Automatic Star Delta Starter, for future scope in our
machine lab.

Chapter-1
INTRODUCTION
In our machine lab we found that it has need of an automatic star delta
starter.So we have decided to fabricate the automatic star delta starter.
In industrial environment 3 phase induction motor (IM) is used in

large scale. So it requires the starter for the smooth starting without
fluctuation in supply. Star delta starting is very efficient method to start the
induction motor.
An automatic star delta starter is works on reduce voltage method. In

manual reduce voltage method, some error may cause. In fully automatic
starting of motor, errors are less.
Most of the induction motor is started directly on line but when very
large motors are started that way they cause a disturbance of voltage on the
supply lines due to large starting surge.
To limit the starting current surge large induction motor are started at
reduce voltage and then have full supply voltage reconnected when they run
up to near rated speed.That’s why we will decide to fabricate it.

Chapter-2
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Control Circuit

Power Circuit

Chapter-3
COMPONENTS USED
Contactor
Contactor is a device which is used to make and break the circuit When the
current passes through the electromagnet a magnetic field is produce which
attracts the moving core of the contactor together when the contactor coil is
de-energized gravity or spring return the electromagnetic core its initial
position.
Feature:
1.Contactor is a relay that used for switching power.
2. They usually handle very heavy load like all electric motor, lightning and
heating equipment.

Main Contactor
Main contactor is the driver contactor which is used to drive star and delta
contactor. It reduces the three phase supply from three phase MCB and goes
to overload relay.
Star Contactor
Starcontactor connects the induction motor in star configuration and reduces

the supply voltage to induction motor in order to limit the starting current of
motor. It receives the three phase supply from output delta contactor and its
output ends are short circuited.
Delta Contactor
Delta contactor connects the motor in delta configuration and supplies rated
supply voltage to motor. It receives three phase supply from input side of
driver contactor and its three phase output goes to induction motor.

Timer
In our project Timer is the brain of project (Starter), timer manages time for
which is on first we use on-Delay mode of timer in our project.
We set some time for star connection i.e. from NC supply gives to star
contactor.
After some time completion it will changeover to NO that means it will open.
And No gives to Delta Contactor after completion of time it will converted
into NC means it closes the circuit of Delta contactor. So delta contactor is
energized and motor run in delta configuration this process is occurs rapidly.

Auxiliary contactor
Auxiliary contactor is designed for switching currents of only up to 6 Amp.

An auxiliary contactor is regular (Low- Power) relay built like a power
contactor & when used together with another contactor it is called auxiliary
contactor.
Auxiliary contactor is used to connect and disconnect a circuit (i.e. to control

Power Contactor).
Auxiliary contactor usually only have auxiliary contacts and no main

contacts.
We used 3 Auxiliary contactor which 2 are 1 NO + 1NC and 1 is 2 NO +

2NC.
Due to more holding on main contactor 2 NO + 2 NC auxiliary is used.

Overload Relay
In our project we use the overload relay which is externally connected to the
main contactor and it is used to protect the motor from single phasing and
event of short circuit or being overloaded and overheating. It has automatic
and manual reset modes and it has ambient temperature coefficient. Overload
relay is the protecting component of our project.
Features:
1. Inbuilt single phasing protection.

2. Suitable for direct/separate mounting.
3. Auto and manual reset motor.


Push Button
A push button is momentary or non latching switch which causes a

temporary change in the state of electrical circuit.
Only while the switch is physically actuated an automatic mechanism that is

a spring returns the switch to its default position immediately after restoring
the initial circuit condition.
In our project start button is NO and the stop button is NC.
NO: Normally open
NC: Normally closed.

Indicator
Indicator indicates condition of circuit.
1. Red Indicator indicates the:-Stop condition of circuit.
2. Green indicator indicates the: - Start condition of circuit.
3. Yellow Indicator indicates the:-Trip condition of circuit that is it will be

glow whenever fault occurs.
4. This are operate in single phase 230volt AC.

Single Phase MCB
The single phase MCB is used to protect the control circuit of the
project. It automatically switches off the electrical circuit during abnormal
condition of the circuit means in overload condition as well as faulty
condition. It is also use as Switch of our control circuit.

Three Phase MCB
We use three phase MCB for Protection of the power circuit of the
project the main function is interrupting the continuity of electrical flow
through the Circuit once a fault is detected in simple terms it is a switch
which automatically turn off when the current flowing through it
passes the maximum allowable limit .

Chapter-4
ESTIMATION & COSTING
Sr. No. Components Quantity Cost
1. Contactor 3 2055/-
2. Overload Relay 1 1280/-
3. Auxiliary Contactor 3 1250/-
4. MCB 2 650/-
5. Timer 1 880/-
6. Indicator 3 240/-
7. Push Button 1 650/-
8. Wire ---- 300/-
9. Other Accessories ---- 1500/-
Total 8805/-

Chapter-5
ACTION PLAN

Chapter-6
WORKING PRINCIPLE
There are three states of star delta starter; a) Star connected state, b) Open
state and c) Delta Connected state.
During starting time Main and star contactors remain closed and complete
circuit. In star connected state, Voltage across each winding. As and when
motor attains good rotational speed, say about 75% of rated speed, after few
seconds, timer connected in starter disconnect star contactor first and then
connects Delta contactor. Between these two, Star Connected and Delta
connected states, circuit becomes open and motor neither remains in star nor
in delta state, this is called open Transition Switching. In delta connected
state Voltage applied to winding is equal to line Voltage.

Chapter-7
WORKING
Finally we will decide to fabricate the automatic star delta starter.
First of all we check the specification of squirrel cage induction motor.
We note down these specification and we will remove the terminal cover of
motor and identify the motor terminal and labeled it.


We buy the new component of automatic star delta starter like on delay
timer; contact OLR according to specification of motor. For assembling this
component we brought a piece of plywood.
For the decorative purpose paint are applied to wooden board. Then we have
done the labeling.
Then all the components are fitted on the wooden board. After this we first
make control circuit and then power circuit.
Then it was transferred to machine lab for testing purpose.
So that at the end of all the work with positive testing results. We have
successfully fabricated automatic star delta starter.

Chapter-8
TESTING REPORT
Aim: To reduce starting current of 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor by

using automatic star delta starter.
Equipment:
 Three phase squirrel cage induction motor - 01 No.

Type of connection – Delta connected
Voltage -415 Volt Current-4.2Amp.
 Automatic star delta starter – 01 No.
Three phase9-Amp, 415 Volt
 Iron clad triple pole main switch (ICTP)
16Amp, 415 Volts
 Voltmeter (Ac) (V1,V2) 0-600 Volt
 Ammeter (Ac) 0-5Amp.
Circuit Diagram:

Procedure:
1. Select the suitable ICTP as per the specification of given motor.
2. Make the connection as per circuit diagram.
3. Also the switches are in off position.
4. Make the supply.
5. Push the start button of the star delta starter.
6. Note down the reading of current (Amp.),supply voltage (V1),voltage at
motor terminal (V2).
7. And note down the reading after tripping sound.
8. Stop the motor by pressing stop push button.
9. Switch off the ICTP and remove the connectors.
Observation:
Voltage at
Position Supply voltage Current
motor terminal
of starter (V1) volts in Amp.
(V2)
Star 400 230 1.5
Delta 400 400 4.1
Result:
 Voltage in star mode is reduced by 1/√3 = 230 Volts.

 Voltage in delta mode is rated voltage of motor = 400 Volts.
 Current in star mode = 1.5 Amp.
 Current in delta mode = 4.1 Amp.

Conclusion:
 When the motor in star mode voltage is reduced by 1/√3.
 After tripping sound motor operates in delta mode so it draws the rated
voltage and current.

Testing Image:


Chapter-9
SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENT
 Operating Supply: 230V,50/60Hz

 Handling Supply: 415V, 9Amps.
 Timer: 230V,50/60hz(resistive load)
 Push Button: 230V, 50/60 Hz, 5Amp.
 1phase MCB: 240V, 50 Hz, 6Amp.
 3phase MCB: 240/415V AC,50Hz
 Indicator: 230V,50Hz(module type)
 OLR: 450V, 50/60 Hz, 2Amp.
Current range: 3-5Amp.

Chapter-10
ADVANTAGES
Advantages
1. The operation of star delta method is simple & rugged.

2. This is relatively cheap compared to other reduce voltage methods.
3. Good Torque/ Current Performance.
4. It reduces Voltage Fluctuations.
5. With investing less amount of money we fabricate Automatic star delta
starter.
6. This automatic star delta starter is used for experiments in laboratories.

Chapter-11
DISADVANTAGES
1. Low starting Torque (Torque= Square of voltage) is also reduce.

2. Break in supply -Possible Transient.
3. Six Terminal motor is required (Delta Connected).
4. No life time guarantee.

Chapter-12
APPLICATION
1. Used in various experiment of automatic star-delta starter.

2. It is used in industry for smooth starting of 3 Phase Induction Motor.
3. It also used in domestic purpose.

Chapter-13
CONCLUSION
We fabricated automatic star delta starter with relay to suit the 3 phase
squirrel cage induction motor (Rating: - 415V, 4.2Amp, 2.2kW), available in
machine laboratory of the electrical engineering department. We also
demonstrated and tested the automatic star delta starter in the machine
laboratory. The taste report is found satisfactory.
Hence we have successfully fabricated the automatic star delta starter.

Chapter-14
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Reference book:-
1] AC Machine:-MSBTE manual
2] Electrical technology:-B.L.Thereja
WEBSITES:-
1] WWW.Wikipedia.com
2] WWW.Electrical4u.com
3] www.eeweb.com.
4] You tube

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Fabrication Of Automatic Star Delta Starter Using Relay

“FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC STAR-

This project work is submitted in a partial fulfillment of the requirement for

Under The Guidance Of

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Electrical Engineering Page 1

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, BRAMHAPURI

Mr. J. D. BORKAR DR. M. B. DAIGAVANE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Department of electrical engineering

I, Mr/Ms. ……………………. the student of third year

D.O.S: Signature of student

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

guidance, kind suggestions and constant encouragement. We are also very

much indebted to Mr. J. D. Borkar (Head of department of electrical

engineering) for his valuable motivation and effective support.

We would also like to thank to our teaching staff for helping in

preparation of this project work. We would also like to thank Dr. M. B.

Daigavane (Principal of Govt.Poly.Bramhapuri ) for his support and his

for helping in preparation of this project work.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

In an industrial sector induction motor is used in large scale for each

We have observed that an automatic star delta starter is required for

Hence it protects the motor from High starting current. So we

Electrical Engineering Page 5

In industrial environment 3 phase induction motor (IM) is used in

An automatic star delta starter is works on reduce voltage method. In

Electrical Engineering Page 6

Electrical Engineering Page 7

Electrical Engineering Page 8

1.Contactor is a relay that used for switching power.

Electrical Engineering Page 9

Starcontactor connects the induction motor in star configuration and reduces

Electrical Engineering Page 10

Electrical Engineering Page 11

Auxiliary contactor is designed for switching currents of only up to 6 Amp.

Auxiliary contactor is used to connect and disconnect a circuit (i.e. to control

Auxiliary contactor usually only have auxiliary contacts and no main

We used 3 Auxiliary contactor which 2 are 1 NO + 1NC and 1 is 2 NO +

Due to more holding on main contactor 2 NO + 2 NC auxiliary is used.

Electrical Engineering Page 12

1. Inbuilt single phasing protection.

Electrical Engineering Page 13

Electrical Engineering Page 14

A push button is momentary or non latching switch which causes a

Only while the switch is physically actuated an automatic mechanism that is

In our project start button is NO and the stop button is NC.

NO: Normally open

NC: Normally closed.

Electrical Engineering Page 15

Indicator indicates condition of circuit.

1. Red Indicator indicates the:-Stop condition of circuit.

2. Green indicator indicates the: - Start condition of circuit.

3. Yellow Indicator indicates the:-Trip condition of circuit that is it will be

4. This are operate in single phase 230volt AC.

Electrical Engineering Page 16

Single Phase MCB

Electrical Engineering Page 17

Three Phase MCB

Electrical Engineering Page 18

ESTIMATION & COSTING

Sr. No. Components Quantity Cost