ABSTRACT

Statistics is a mathematical and conceptual discipline that focuses on the relation between data and
hypotheses. The data are recordings of observations or events in a scientific study, e.g., a set of
measurements of individuals from a population. The data actually obtained are variously called the
sample, the sample data, or simply the data, and all possible samples from a study are collected in what
is called a sample space. The hypotheses, in turn, are general statements about the target system of the
scientific study, e.g., expressing some general fact about all individuals in the population. A statistical
hypothesis is a general statement that can be expressed by a probability distribution over sample space,
i.e., it determines a probability for each of the possible samples.

REFERENCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY

^Lund Research Ltd. "Descriptive and Inferential Statistics". statistics.laerd.com. Retrieved 2014-03-23.

^Romijn, Jan-Willem (2014). "Philosophy of statistics". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

^B. S. Everitt (1998), The Cambridge Dictionary of Statistics, p.62, p.63, p.88, p.93, p.94, p.209, p.210,
p.215, p.249, p.270, p.276 ISBN 052159346

^https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/class%20mark

^Education at a Glance, OECD, Paris, 2002 https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=5347

^https://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/ch02-def.html

^http://www.milefoot.com/math/stat/desc-positions.htm

^https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile_rank