individual or nation can be great if it does
WEEK 2
Brief Background
of ACP3FI
- The acronym ACP3FI stands for Angel C.
Palanca Peace Program Foundation, Inc.
- Advocates peace through the promotion
of respect, harmony and unity by means
of the following tenets:
● Cultivating Inner Peace
● Promoting Human Rights
● Living with Justice and
Compassion
● Dismantling the Culture of War
● Practicing Intercultural Respect
● Reconciliation and Solidarity
● Living in Harmony with Earth
Six Peace Tenets
Triple Evils
Poverty
Militarism Racism
The triple evils are forms of violence that exist in a
vicious cycle. They stand as barriers to our living in
the Beloved Community. When we work to
remedy one evil, we affect all evils. To work
against the Triple Evils, you must develop a
nonviolent frame of mind as described in the “Six
Principles of Nonviolence” and use the Kingian
model for social action outlined in the “Six Steps
for Nonviolent Social Change”
1. Poverty - we now have the techniques to
get rid of poverty. A great nation has the
will to end poverty, unemployment,
homelessness, hunger, malnutrition,
illiteracy, infant mortality, slums.. No
not have a concern for the least of these.
2. Racism - a struggle for genuine equality,
the arrogance and assertion of oneself as
more entitled than others. This mind set
estranges from peace, it divides people in
body, mind and spirit. It propels harm
towards the out group it views to be
unequal of his own.
3. Militarism - when a nation becomes
obsessed with the guns of warm social
programs inevitably suffer. People
become insensitive to pain and agony in
their own midst. This way of burning
human beings, of filling our nation’s
homes with orphans and widows, of
injecting poisonous drugs of hate into the
veins of peoples normally humane, of
sending men home from dark and bloody
battlefields physically handicapped,
psychology deranged, cannot be
reconciled with wisdom, justice and love.
Turato, Kathleen Ysiel B.
Six Principles of Nonviolence
PRINCIPLE ONE: Nonviolence is a way of life for
courageous people.
Nonviolent resistance is not a method for cowards;
it does resist. For while the nonviolent resister is
passive in the sense that he is not physically
aggressive towards his opponent, his mind and
emotions are always active, constantly seeking his
opponent that he is wrong. This method is passive
physically but strongly active spiritually.
PRINCIPLE TWO: Nonviolence seeks to win
friendship and understanding
The nonviolent concept is an overall effort to
achieve a reconciled world by raising the level of
relationships among people to a height where
justice prevails and people attain their full human
potential. It does not seek to defeat or humiliate
the opponent, but to win his friendship and
understanding. The aftermath of nonviolence is the
creation of the beloved community, while the
aftermath of violence is tragic bitterness
PRINCIPLE THREE: Nonviolence seeks to defeat
injustice not people.
The nonviolent approach helps one analyze the
fundamental conditions, policies and practices of
the conflict rather than reacting to one’s opponents
or their personalities. The attack is directed against
the forces of evil rather than against persons who
happen to be doing evil. It is evil that the nonviolent
resister seeks to defeat, not the person victimized
by evil.
PRINCIPLE FOUR: Nonviolence holds that
suffering can educate and transform.
Nonviolent resistance is a willingness to accept
suffering without retaliation, to accept blows
without striking back. "Suffering is infinitely more
powerful than the law of the jungle for converting
the opponent and opening his ears which are
otherwise shut to the voice of reason" said Gandhi.
PRINCIPLE FIVE: Nonviolence chooses love
instead of hate.
It avoids not only physical violence but also internal
violence of the spirit. The nonviolent resister not
only refuses to shoot his opponent but he also
refuses to hate him. To retaliate would do nothing
but intensify the existence of hate in the universe.
At the center of nonviolence stands the principle of
love.
PRINCIPLE SIX: Nonviolence believes that the
universe is on the side of justice.
The believer in nonviolence has deep faith in the
future, This faith is another reason why the
nonviolent resister can accept suffering without
retaliation. For he knows that in his struggle for
justice, he has cosmic companionship. There is a
creative force in this universe that works to bring
the disconnected aspects of reality into a
harmonious whole.
Soldao, Shaira Mae R.
THE CONCEPT OF PEACE
I.
Peace has always been among humanity's highest
values--for some, supreme. Consider: "Peace at
any price. The most disadvantageous peace is
better than the most just war. "Peace is more
important than all justice." "I prefer the most
unjust peace to the most just war that was ever
waged." "There never was a good war or a bad
peace.
The meaning of peace varied in differed period in
history. For example “The Roman poet Tacitus
spoke of making a desert and calling it ‘peace’ an
unwanted place of sterility and emptiness.
Similarly, although everyone desires “peace of
mind”, the temporary “peace” that comes from
drug based with drawl from social reality, the
peacefulness of sleep, or the undesired “peace of
a coma or even of death may not seen so
desirable” (Barash and Webel, 2002, p 4).
The concept of peace in eastern world claims that
“peace may be the most longed for human
condition. The Chinese philosopher Lao-tzu
founder of Taoism and author of Tao De Ching,
emphasized that military force is not the ‘Tao or
way for human being to follow” (Ibid. p4). His
conception of peace denotes that peace is not an
ultimate human goal and social harmony cannot
bring peace. Instead of this type of views, he
valued obedience and order as virtues of peace.
Gandhi’s vision of peace is different from other
thinkers in many aspects. According to Gandhi,
peace implies a state of positive and constructive
world order where every individual live in co-
operation and mutual aid. Peace is a cementing
force for the society and the world. Gandhi
viewed that truth is more important than peace
and peace can be achieved only through truthful
means. His vision of peace is based on his
philosophy of life that is mutual goodwill and
friendship among all the people.
Dineros
II. How To Achieve Peace
● Learn to love and appreciate
yourself.
● Respect the environment
and see Earth as your only
true home.
● Don't make decisions when
you're angry or sad.
● If it's hard for you to respect
people because of their
differences. Then atleast
please do not abuse them
physically, mentally or
emotionally.
● Do whatever it takes to
maintain your assertive
behavior. Be reasonable,
honest, caring and
empathetic.
● You can spend an enternity
killing, raping, abusing and
hating but then what? What
will you achieve? You're
creating bad karma for
yourself.
● Learn to forgive because you
deserve unconditional inner
peace.
● Technology is good as long
as it's only bringing
goodness into your life and
others.
● Hurting someone online is
as hurtful as hurting
someone in real life.
● You could save someone's
life with your words, you
could also end their lives.
The decision is yours.
● Don't judge because he or
she is religious, gay, black,
different. If you don't
understand him/her ASK.
They will be gladly
explaining you about who
they are.
● Society is made of
individuals. Learn to respect
this diversity.
● Judging someone before
yourself and wishing them
awful things is like doing the
same thing for yourself.
● Educate yourself about
something you do not
understand.
● You think a group of
religious people are evil,
then make friends with
them. You think people of
different sexual orientations
are sick, sit down and learn
from them. You don't like
her feministic values and
political view then ask her to
educate you.
● Learn to listen and think 10
seconds before you speak.
● Learn to remain calm in
every situation.
● Love, live, laugh and
promote positive energy
wherever you are.
Once you do these steps. Humans will learn
to wake up one by one and eventually we will
reach global world peace and stability.
Flores, Ma. Eliza Desiree
PILLARS IN LEARNING
PEACE
I. Definition
The Pillars of Peace - it gives a
framework for assessing the positive peace
factors that create peaceful societies.
Global Peace Index (GPI)
- The world’s leading measure of national
peacefulness.
- It gives a rich assemblage of research for
similar investigation.s of peacefulness.

7 Pillars of Peace
1. Well-Functioning Government
–it is based on several factors, from how
governments are elected and the political
culture, to the quality of the public
services they deliver and their political
stability.
a. Government Effectiveness and Governance
- it represents a comprehensive measure
of a country’s performance.
b. Rule of Law
- It describes how power is exercised
compliant with the legal system.
c. Voice and Accountability
- The public is able to influence and
participate in the decision making
processes of government.
2. A Sound Business Environment
- the productive use of human capital, and
provides the ability for individuals to
access capital.
a. Supporting Institutions & Infrastructures
- Structures which provide interactions
between businesses, customers and
wider society.
b. Business Sophistication and Innovation -
- it is the ‘depth’ of industry networks and
the willingness to innovate.
c. Market Access, Size and Efficiency
- A stable market will increase
interdependence between communities
and states.
3. An Equitable Distribution of Resources
- Equity describes the extent to which
individuals and groups are treated fairly,
regardless of their personal
characteristics such as their social
position, race, religion or gender.
● Gini Coefficient
- It represent the income or a nation's
residents.
● Inequality
- Injustice and powerlessness may emerge,
thereby encouraging social divisions.
4. Acceptance of the Rights of Others
- the societal attitudes towards fellow
citizens, minorities, ethnic groups,
genders and foreigners are key
characteristics of peaceful countries.
● Human Rights
- Rights and freedoms that belong to every
person in the world, from birth until
death.
5. Good relations with neighbours
- A countries with positive external
relations are more peaceful and tend to
be more politically stable, and have low
levels of organised internal conflict.
6. Free flow of information
- media which disseminates valid
information in a way that leads to greater
openness helps individuals and civil
society work together.
● Media
- Driver of community perceptions, where
information is presented.
- It can have a powerful impact on
community perceptions of reality.
7. A high level of human capital
- Greater levels of human capital, such as
health and education, that will tend to
increase social cohesion, economic
development, and peace.
● Education
- Those countries with better education
outcomes tended to be more peaceful.
And it helps individual to make better
use of their skills and talents.
8. Low levels of Corruption
- It can enhance confidence and trust in
institutions, which in turn helps to create
informal institutions.
● Transparency Guarantees
- For instance, the absence of defilement
and adequate levels of trust inside and
amongst networks.
Pangilinan, Jamela
Importance of Pillars of Peace
There are many benefits for societies which are
the pillars of peace enable to develop. Generally
all of these factors improve human wellbeing.
Pillars of peace provides an imperative
advancement to out literature by providing
quantifiable factors which is essential for the
betterment of human interaction.
1. Greater social cohesion
● Readiness of an individuals to
participate.
● Creating open doors for upwards
mobility.
● It is the glue that holds society
together.
2. Improved trust
● Trust is the significant in all aspect
because it is the foundation where
relationships strengthen. It can be
manifested or it can come naturally.
3. Lower business risk
● In low conflicts in business and with good
working relationship between staffs it
can turn to improve morale and efficient.
4. Resilience
● Acknowledging the situations, learn from
their mistakes, and then move forward.
5. Security
● It is seen as moral rights and intrinsic to
development.
● Also it prevents of violent conflicts which
increase peace.
Reyes, Kate Roiz E
A social contract
-voluntary agreement in which mutual benefit
happens between individuals or a community as
a whole according to theories by Hobbes, Locke
and Rouseau
Aristotle – the city state is more important than
the individual
Thomas Hobbes – Man surrenders some basic
right to the Leviathan in order to attain security.
Jean Jacque Rousseau and Henry David Thoreau –
Man is born free, ergo, a government is, by
instinct, is not really necessary.
- fundamental basis for the development of
government and law, especially democratic
theory and application.
Social Contract Theory
-Peace is an essential tool in the community to
promote the construction of a better society.
There are 5 principles :-
1)The Conflict Principle
-balancing of powers among interests,
capabilities, and wills to avoid conflict with other
nations. . Conflict behavior, whether hostile
actions, violence, or war, is then a means and
manifestation of this process.
-“Si vis pacem, para bellum”=“If you want peace,
prepare for war” meaning peace throughstrength
– a powerful nation is being less likely to be
attacked by adversaries.
2)The Cooperation Principle
-The mutual adjusting of the wants,needs, and
the will to pursue
-a mutual ability of the parties to predict the
outcome of their behaviour .Such is, for example,
the major value of a written contract or treaty.
And this structure of expectations depends on a
particular balance of powers.Thus, cooperation
depends on expectations aligned with power.
3)The Gap Principle
-A gap between expectations and power causes
conflict.
- balance of powers can change rapidly and
interests can shift
-As the balance of powers changes, a gap
between power and expectations can form which
can cause associates to lose support
-Larger the gap, the greater the tension toward
revising expectations in line with the change in
power, and thus the more likely some random
event will trigger conflict over the associated
interests.
4)The Helix Principle
-Conflict and cooperation thus form a helix,
moving upward on a curve of learning and
adjustments, with the turn through cooperation
being more familistic and durable; that through
conflict shorter and less intense
- people will then learn from their past mistake
and revel through a self-rehabilitating scheme of
less intense and shorter conflicts and their
cooperation more familistic and durable.
5)The Psychological Principle
-Social contract is required due to the presence
of conflicts
-The government embodied the necessity of a
harmonised agreement to achieve peace.
Intentionality- our behaviour is based on our
intentions.
Expectation- behaviour depending on the
expected outcome.
Peace- agreement between people and their
interest which involves the structure of
expectations and cooperation
Nathaniel B. Geguillan
8 key Pillars that underpin peace
● a well functioning government,
● a sound business environment,
● an equitable distribution of
resources,
● an acceptance of the rights of others,
● good relations with neighbors,
● free flow of information,
● a high level of human capital,
● low levels of corruption.
●
➢ PositivePeace is not just the absence of
violence, it is much more. Peace is best
understood through the concepts of
“positive peace” and “negative peace”.
➢ Negative peace is the absence of violence
or the fear of violence; it is the definition
of peace that is used in the Global Peace
Index (GPI). Positive peace is the
attitudes, institutions and structures, that
when strengthened, lead to peaceful
societies.
Francisco, Zyra E.