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H & P Phrases
H & P Phrases
de
H & P Phrases
Introduction
Since the adoption of the CLP- or GHS-Regulation (CLP stands for „classification, labelling
and packaging“, and GHS stands for „Globally Harmonised System of Classification and
Labelling of Chemicals“) in all countries of the European Union.20. January 2009, the
previously used so called R-Phrases have been replaced by GHS hazard statements (so called
H-Phrases), the European hazard statements (EUH-Phrases), as well as the so called S-
Phrases by precautionary statements (P-Phrases). H-phrases give hints to special risks which
may arise by the handling of hazardous substances or formulations. The letter “H” is the
abbreviation for “Hazard statement”. According to the CLP-Regulation, the R-Phrases have to
be selected due to the classification of a substance and used for its labelling. Selection of R-
Phrases follows the same criteria of the guidelines as for the assignment of hazard pictograms.
H-Phrases and the combination of H-Phrases are listed in the CLP-Regulation. The H-Phrases
consist of one or several code letters and the related descriptions (e.g., H318: Causes serious
eye damage).
The so called P-Phrases give hints to safety informations of a hazardous substance. They
should enable the user to avoid risks during the handling of hazardous substances and
formulations, and to take measures against the release of these substances, to control the
consequences of accidents, and recommend to give first aid. The letter “P” is the abbreviation
for “Precautionary statement”. According to the CLP-Regulation, the P-Phrases have to be
selected due the classification of a substance and used for its labelling. P-Phrases and the
combination of P-Phrases are listed in the CLP-Regulation. Analogous to the H-Phrases, they
consist of one or several code letters and the related descriptions (e.g., P261: Avoid breathing
dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.).
While labelling a substance with several H&P Phrases these are connected by „plus“ symbols.
Certain H-Phrases are always combined with certain P-Phrases, e.g., H340 with P308 + 313.
The H&P Phrases are important parts of an operating instruction and they must be strictly
followed.
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NOP http://www.oc-praktikum.de
In practice chemists will often be faced with the problem, that different H&P Phrases are
assigned to the same substances depending on their origin (producer). The reason for this is
following: The EU assigns obligatory classification and labelling for a series of substances
(i.e., H&P Phrases). But for all other substances not listed by the EU, the producer has the
obligation to assign the hazard pictograms and H&P Phrases by himself. Classification is
done by the EU guidelines on the basis of physical-chemical and toxicological data of the
substances. In these cases, there are no standards and each producer classify his product after
own test data leading to non-uniform labelling. The data bases for these classifications are
usually not available and the classification is, therefore, not comprehensible. It is, therefore,
recommended that in case of different labelling of the manufacturers one should follow the
most strongest H&P Phrases given.
List of H-Phrases
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H231 May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure
and/or temperature.
H260 In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite
spontaneously.
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H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child <state specific effect if known
> <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other
routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
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H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child <state specific effect
if known> <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no
other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
H370 Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> <state
route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of
exposure cause the hazard>.
H371 May cause damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known>
<state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes
of exposure cause the hazard>.
H372 Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known>
through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is
conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
H373 May cause damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known>
through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is
conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
H420 Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the
upper atmosphere.
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Combinations of H-Phrases
EUH-Phrases
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EUH202 Cyanoacrylate. Danger. Bonds skin and eyes in seconds. Keep out of the
reach of children.
EUH206 Warning! Do not use together with other products. May release
dangerous gases (chlorine).
EUH207 Warning! Contains cadmium. Dangerous fumes are formed during use.
See information supplied by the manufacturer. Comply with the safety
instructions.
EUH401 To avoid risks to human health and the environment, comply with the
instructions for use.
List of P-Phrases
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NOP http://www.oc-praktikum.de
P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and
understood.
P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other
ignition sources. No smoking.
P244 Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease.
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P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P301 IF SWALLOWED:
P302 IF ON SKIN:
P304 IF INHALED:
P305 IF IN EYES:
P306 IF ON CLOTHING:
P307 IF exposed:
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P336 Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do no rub affected area.
P338 Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340 Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P341 If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a
position comfortable for breathing.
P360 Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water
before removing clothes.
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P377 Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P401 Store …
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P413 Store bulk masses greater than … kg/… lbs at temperatures not
exceeding … °C/… °F.
Combinations of P-Phrases
P303+361+353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/shower.
P304+340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for
breathing.
P305-351-338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove
contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
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NOP http://www.oc-praktikum.de
P335+334 Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet
bandages.
P361+364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P370+380+375 In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of
explosion.
P371+380+375 In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire
remotely due to the risk of explosion.
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