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2012 12 18 Pes Presentation
2012 12 18 Pes Presentation
Randy Wachal
Manitoba HVDC Research Centre
rww@hvdc.ca
Acknowledgements:
NSERC Power System Simulation Chair program at
University of Manitoba ..
MHRC Staff
Dr. Farid Mosallat and Juan Carlos Garcia
Multi Terminal
S4
For LCC: S3
f
For VSC ; think from the DC side.. Assume DC Capacitors are charged
The capacitor voltages are used to piecewise build ac voltage
We the ac voltage waveform and the ac system voltage
now we can transfer energy to charge Dc capacitor(s)
Transfer P & Q across Reactor
Use DC capacitor voltage
(Ud) to build an ac Voltage
waveform Uc
Exchange P based on δ
•↑ δ P into Converter Ud ↑
•↓ δ P from Converter Ud ↓
ABB slide
½ Bridge Multi Module Converter MMC
Siemens Slide
½ Bridge MMC with PWM CTLC
Full Bridge MMC
Compare 6 to 2400 ……
simulation issue is evident …
VSC System Control Model & Levels
• Dispatch What is the target of Converter ?
• Power Set or Dc voltage (grid mode)
• Ac voltage reference or MVar set (grid mode)
• Frequency reference (P) and Ac Voltage (Q) (island
mode)
• Other P& Q strategy
• High Level Controls
• Based on dispatch set points (Inputs)
• Droop setting to allow autonomous control
• d-q control will generate Vref a, b and c (outputs)
• Voltage and current limits applied
• Lower Level Controls
• Inputs Vref signals
• Valve specific configurations
(½ bridge MMC, ½ bridge MMC with PWM, full bridge, etc.)
• Capacitor balancing algorithm(s)
• Circulating current suppression algorithm(s)
• Generates gate pulses and the ac waveforms
Control Hierarchy
Natural separation occurs Higher Lower level
Controls
Va Vb and Vc
Thevenin
equivalent
+ FP1 + FP13
+ FP2 + FP14
Vc2 Vc14
- Ic2 - Ic14
-
FP4
Vc4
Ic4
+
-
FP16
Vc16
Ic16
100’s of nodes into
2 nodes Ic(38)
simulation of Multilevel
+ FP5 + FP17
Req
Vc5 Vc17
- Ic5 - Ic17
Vc(38)
+ FP6 + FP18
Vc6 Vc18
Ic6 Ic18
+
- -
+ FP8
Vc8
+ FP20
Vc20
Veq
- TU(38)
- Ic8 - Ic20
-
FP9
Vc9
Ic9
FP10
Vc10
Ic10
+
-
FP21
Vc21
Ic21
FP22
Vc22
Ic22
TL(38) PC
+ FP11 + FP23
Vc11 Vc23
- Ic11 - Ic23
+ FP12 + FP24
Vc12 Vc24
- Ic12 - Ic24
N1 n2l
T1 T2
1000 km
P=900 MW P=966 MW
Z Z
-10.0
Edc2 (+) (Vdc control end)
700
(kV)
-100
Idc 2 -> 1
7.0
(kA)
-1.0
(-) P1 P2
1.00k
(MW)
-0.10k
[s] 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
Summary Issues VSC Start-up
rww1
DC Line Fault
Start up sequence
Iac T2 (Sending end)
10.0
(kA)
-10.0
DC fault current
12.0
(kA)
-2.0
Edc2 (+) (Vdc control end)
700
(kV)
-100
Idc 2 -> 1
7.0
(kA)
-1.0
(-) P1 P2
1.0k
(MW)
-0.2k
[s] 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00
Summary for VSC Dc Line Faults
Questions?