Rethinking Feelings: An fMRI Study of the
Cognitive Regulation of Emotion
Kevin N. Ochsner1, Silvia A. Bunge2, James J. Gross1, and
John D. E. Gabrieli1
Abstract
& The ability to cognitively regulate emotional responses to
aversive events is important for mental and physical health.
Little is known, however, about neural bases of the cognitive
control of emotion. The present study employed functional
magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural systems
used to reappraise highly negative scenes in unemotional
terms. Reappraisal of highly negative scenes reduced subjective
INTRODUCTION
We humans are extraordinarily adaptable creatures.
Drawing upon a vast array of coping skills, we can
successfully manage adversity in even the most trying
of circumstances. One of the most remarkable of these
skills was described by Shakespeare’s (1998/1623, p. 216)
Hamlet, who observed, ‘‘there is nothing either good or
bad, but thinking makes it so.’’ Although Hamlet himself
failed to capitalize on this insight, his message is clear:
We can change the way we feel by changing the way we
think, thereby lessening the emotional consequences of
an otherwise distressing experience.
The cognitive transformation of emotional experience
has been termed ‘‘reappraisal.’’ In both experimental
and individual-difference studies, reappraising an aver-
sive event in unemotional terms reduces negative affect
with few of the physiological, cognitive, or social costs
associated with other emotion-regulatory strategies,
such as the suppression of emotion-expressive behavior
( Jackson, Malmstadt, Larson, & Davidson, 2000;
Richards & Gross, 2000; Gross, 1998, 2002; Gross &
John, in press). The mechanisms that mediate such
reappraisals, however, are not yet understood. The goal
of the present study was to use functional magnetic
resonance imaging (fMRI) to elucidate the neural bases
of reappraisal.
Although little prior work has directly examined the
neural systems involved in the cognitive control of
emotion, we expected that it would involve processing
dynamics similar to those in implicated in other well-
1
Stanford University, 2Massachusetts Institute of Technology
D 2002 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
experience of negative affect. Neural correlates of reappraisal
were increased activation of the lateral and medial prefrontal
regions and decreased activation of the amygdala and medial
orbito-frontal cortex. These findings support the hypothesis
that prefrontal cortex is involved in constructing reappraisal
strategies that can modulate activity in multiple emotion-
processing systems. &
studied forms of cognitive control. In general, cognitive
control is thought to involve interactions between
regions of lateral (LPFC) and medial prefrontal cortex
(MPFC) that implement control processes and subcor-
tical and posterior cortical regions that encode and
represent specific kinds of information (Miller & Cohen,
2001; Knight, Staines, Swick, & Chao, 1999; Smith &
Jonides, 1999). By increasing or decreasing activation of
particular representations, prefrontal regions enable
one to selectively attend to and maintain goal-relevant
information in mind and resist interference (Miller &
Cohen, 2001; Knight et al., 1999; Smith & Jonides, 1999).
Based on these cognitive neuroscience models, as well
as process models of emotion and emotion regulation
(Gross, 2002; Ochsner & Feldman Barrett, 2001), we
hypothesized that comparable interactions between cog-
nitive control and emotion-processing systems would
underlie reappraisal.
With respect to cognitive-processing systems, we
hypothesized that reappraisal would involve three pro-
cesses implemented by lateral and medial frontal corti-
ces. The first is the active generation of a strategy for
cognitively reframing an emotional event in unemo-
tional terms, and keeping that strategy in mind as long
as the eliciting conditions endure. In neuropsycholog-
ical (Barcelo & Knight, 2002; Stuss, Eskes, & Foster,
1994), functional imaging (Cabeza & Nyberg, 2000;
Smith & Jonides, 1999; Barch et al., 1997), and electro-
physiological (Barcelo, Suwazono, & Knight, 2000; Niel-
sen-Bohlman & Knight, 1999) studies, these functions
have been associated with working memory processes
localized in the LPFC. The second process may monitor
interference between top – down reappraisals that
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14:8, pp. 1215 – 1229
neutralize affect and bottom –up evaluations that con-
tinue to generate an affective response, signaling the
need for reappraisal to continue. In a variety of tasks
involving response conflict (Barch et al., 2001; van
Veen, Cohen, Botvinick, Stenger, & Carter, 2001;
Phelps, Hyder, Blamire, & Shulman, 1997) or overriding
prepotent response tendencies (Carter et al., 2000;
Peterson et al., 1999), these functions have been asso-
ciated with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (for
reviews, see Botvinick, Braver, Barch, Carter, & Cohen,
2001; Bush, Luu, & Posner, 2000). The third process
involves reevaluating the relationship between internal
(experiential or physiological) states and external stim-
uli, which may be used to monitor changes in one’s
emotional state during reappraisal. The dorsal regions
of the MPFC are activated when making attributions
about one’s own (Paradiso et al., 1999; Lane, Fink,
Chau, & Dolan 1997) or another person’s (Gallagher
et al., 2000; Happe et al., 1996) emotional state as well
as during viewing of emotional films (Beauregard et al.,
1998; Lane, Reiman, Ahern, Schwartz, & Davidson, 1997;
Reiman et al., 1997) or photos (Lane, Reiman, Bradley,
et al., 1997). Importantly, activation of the medial
frontal cortex when anticipating painful shock (Chua,
Krams, Toni, Passingham, & Dolan, 1999; Hsieh, Stone-
Elander, & Ingvar, 1999; Ploghaus et al., 1999) may be
inversely correlated with the experience of anxiety
(Simpson et al., 2000), suggesting its importance for
regulatory control (cf. Morgan & LeDoux, 1995).
With respect to emotion-processing systems, we hy-
pothesized that reappraisal would modulate the pro-
cesses involved in evaluating a stimulus as affectively
significant. Many theories of emotion posit that at least
two types of evaluative processing are involved in emo-
tion generation (Lazarus, 1991; for a review, see Scherer,
Schorr, & Johnstone, 2001). One type is important for
determining whether a stimulus is affectively relevant
and may be relatively automatic, whereas a second type
is important for evaluating contextual meaning and the
appropriateness of possible responses (Scherer et al.,
2001; Lazarus, 1991). Evidence suggests that two highly
interconnected brain structures (Cavada, Company,
Tejedor, Cruz-Rizzolo, & Reinoso-Suarez, 2000), the
amygdala and medial orbital frontal cortex (MOFC),
are associated with these two types of emotion process-
ing (Ochsner & Feldman Barrett, 2001; LeDoux, 2000;
Bechara, Damasio, Damasio, & Lee, 1999). On one hand,
the amygdala is important for the preattentive detection
and recognition of affectively salient stimuli (Anderson &
Phelps, 2001; Morris, Ohman, & Dolan, 1999; Whalen
et al., 1998), learning and generating physiological and
behavioral responses to them (LeDoux, 2000; Bechara
et al., 1999), and modulating their consolidation into
declarative memory (Hamann, Ely, Grafton, & Kilts,
1999; Cahill, Babinsky, Markowitsch, & McGaugh,
1995). On the other hand, the MOFC is important for
representing the pleasant or unpleasant affective value
1216 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Strong
4
3.5
negative affect
3
Strength of
2.5
2
1.5
Weak 1
Attend Reapp Attend
Negative Neutral
Figure 1. Average negative ratings made during scanning for the
most negative photos (the third of photos that elicited the most
negative affect for a given participant). Negative affect was strong on
Attend trials and decreased significantly on Reappraise (Reapp) trials
( p < .01). When participants attended to their feelings towards neutral
photos, the negative affect elicited was significantly weaker than for all
other trial types ( both p < at least .01).
of a stimulus (Kawasaki et al., 2001; O’Doherty, Kringel-
bach, Rolls, Hornak, & Andrews, 2001; Davidson & Irwin,
1999; Rolls, 1999; Elliott, Frith, & Dolan, 1997) in a
flexible format that is sensitive to momentary changes
in social and motivational context (Ochsner & Feldman
Barrett, 2001; Bechara, Damasio, & Damasio, 2000; Rolls,
1999). Together, the amygdala and the MOFC differ-
entially encode and represent the affective properties of
stimuli (Bechara et al., 1999; Rolls, 1999), and we sought
to determine whether reappraisal modulates activity in
the MOFC, amygdala, or both.
To test these hypotheses, we adapted an experimen-
tal procedure used to study regulation of the fear-
potentiated startle eyeblink response ( Jackson et al.,
2000). In that study, participants viewed aversive pho-
tos and were instructed either to increase, maintain, or
decrease (postexperimental debriefing suggested that
participants reappraised) their emotional reactions.
Startle eyeblink magnitude (which was used as an
indicator of the relative strength of an emotional reac-
tion across trial types) increased, remained constant, or
decreased according to the regulatory strategy being
employed. This result suggests that participants can
successfully regulate their emotional responses on a
trial-by-trial basis. To isolate the processes related to
the cognitive control of emotion, we needed to com-
pare reappraisal to another condition that draws on
processes invoked by reappraisal, but are not related to
the regulation of affect per se. Because we hypothe-
sized that reappraisal involves both attention to and
Volume 14, Number 8
awareness of one’s emotional state, as well as regula-
tory processes directed towards altering it (Gross,
1998), we employed two conditions: On ‘‘Attend trials,’’
participants were asked to let themselves respond emo-
tionally to each photo by being aware of their feelings
without trying to alter them. On ‘‘Reappraise trials,’’
participants were asked to interpret photos so that they
no longer felt negative in response to them. Because
both Attend and Reappraise trials involve attention to
emotion, regions more active when reappraising than
attending were thought to reflect processes used to
exert cognitive control. In contrast, regions more active
for Attend than Reappraise trials were thought to be
important for emotion processing that would be deac-
tivated by reappraisal.
Each trial began with a 4-sec presentation of a neg-
ative or neutral photo, during which participants were
instructed simply to view the stimulus on the screen.
This interval was intended to provide time for partic-
ipants to apprehend complex scenes and to allow an
emotional response to be generated that participants
then would be asked to regulate. The word Attend (for
negative or neutral photos) or Reappraise (negative
photos only) then appeared beneath the photo and
participants followed this instruction for 4 sec, at which
time the photo disappeared from the screen. Because
we were interested in the processes used to actively
reappraise an affective event as it unfolds, we focused
our analyses on this portion of each trial. During this
portion of the trial, we predicted that (a) Reappraise
trials would result in greater lateral prefrontal activation
than Attend trials and ( b) that Attend trials would show
greater activation of the MOFC and the amygdala than
would Reappraise trials. For approximately three more
seconds, participants could continue attending to or
reappraising any feelings that lingered after presentation
of the photo. A rating scale then appeared, which
participants used to rate the strength of their current
negative affect and which we used to verify that that
reappraisal had successfully reduced negative feelings as
compared to Attend trials. Finally, participants were
instructed to relax for 4 sec before the next trial began.
RESULTS
The experimental procedure included a measure that
allowed us to segregate and analyze separately the trials
on which participants experienced their strongest emo-
tional responses without biasing the initial perception of
photos during scanning. In a post-scanning session,

Figure 2. Group-averaged
brain activations when
reappraising or attending to
Right Left
feelings in response to the LPFC
most negative photos. Two
contrasts are shown: The
Attend > Reappraise (shown
in red) contrast shows regions
important for emotion
processing that are significantly
modulated by reappraisal and
the Reappraise > Attend
(shown in green) contrast
shows regions significantly MOFC
activated when exerting
cognitive control over emotion
activated by reappraisal. Top
Bottom Front
and bottom brain images on LPFC
the right show regions of the
left dorsal and ventral LPFC
associated with cognitive
control that were activated by
reappraisal. Right side and
bottom left brain images show
reappraisal-related modulation
of a region of left MOFC
associated with representing
the affective properties MOFC
of stimuli.

Modulation Activation by
by reappraisal reappraisal

Ochsner et al. 1217

Table 1. Group Activations for Reappraise > Attend Contrast
Coordinates
Region of Activation Brodmann’s Area x y z Z Score Volume (mm3)
Group Contrast
Superior frontal gyrus L6 36 14 58 3.90 2736
Superior frontal gyrus L6/8 24 6 64 3.71 (L)
Middle frontal gyrus L6/8 24 10 56 3.68 (L)
Middle frontal gyrus L6/8 40 2 60 3.60 416
Inferior frontal gyrus L46 54 42 12 3.79 736
L44/10 48 46 4 3.31 (L)
Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 8 12 18 54 3.47 1040
8 4 20 54 3.39
Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 8/32 8 28 40 3.88 224
Temporal pole 28 22 4 26 4.21 128
Lateral occipital cortex 19 38 74 40 4.23 240
Supramarginal gyrus R39/40 54 70 30 4.23 688

Positive Correlation between Activation and Drop in Negative Affect When Reappraising
Anterior cingulate R24 6 14 32 4.67 88
Supramarginal gyrus R40 54 48 34 4.05 40

Clusters of 5 or more contiguous voxels whose global maxima meet a t threshold of 3.09, p < .001 uncorrected, are reported. Local maxima for
these clusters are denoted with (L). Coordinates are in MNI space.

participants viewed each negative photo a second time
and rated the strength of their initial affective response
(i.e., when they first viewed it, before they had attended
or reappraised). These ratings were used to identify the
third of the negative photos of each trial type that were
rated most negative by each participant. As has been
found in prior studies (Canli, Zhao, Brewer, Gabrieli, &
Cahill, 2000), preliminary analyses indicated that reliable
activation of emotion-processing systems was observed
only for these most negative images. Given that the goal
of this study was to examine the modulation of these
systems by reappraisal, the analyses reported here fo-
cused only on these trial types.
Subjective Reports of Negative Affect
Segregating Most Negative Photos
Post-scan ratings of affective response indicated that the
third of photos rated most negative (M = 3.77) elicited
significantly greater negative affect than the moderately
negative (M = 2.99) or least negative (M = 1.93) third of
photos (all differ p < .01). Affect ratings for negative
photos selected from Attend as compared to Reappraise
trials did not differ significantly at any level of affect (all
p > .16). The fact that retrospective ratings of negative
affect were equivalent on Attend and Reappraise trials
suggests that in-scan reappraisals did not bias post-scan
emotional responses to photos. However, because these
ratings were provided retrospectively, it is important to
provide independent evidence that post-test ratings
can be correlated with a participant’s initial affective
response to a stimulus (Ochsner & Schacter, in press).
A separate pilot behavioral study was conducted to
provide such evidence. Eight female participants rated
their affective response to photos an average of 3 days
before completing a test session that procedurally was
equivalent to the scanning session used in the present
study. They then completed post-test retrospective rat-
ings of the affective response they had to each photo
when it was viewed during the test session. Results
indicated that pre- and post-test ratings of negative affect
were highly correlated for all trial types and all levels of
negative photos (i.e, most, moderately, or least negative,
all p < .01), which suggests that post-test ratings can
provide a reliable index of one’s initial affective response
to a photo.
Success of Reappraisal
Ratings made during scanning showed that overall, mod-
erate, and least negative photos elicited less negative
affect than the most negative photos (both p < .01),

1218 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Volume 14, Number 8

which is consistent with post-test reports of initial
affective response. Significantly, reappraisal was success-
ful for the most negative photos: The average ratings of
the strength of negative affect were high on Attend trials
(M = 3.48) and were significantly lower on Reappraise
trials1 [M = 1.90, t(14) = 17.41, p < .01] (Figure 1).
Reappraisal was potent enough that affect was dimin-
ished to that experienced when attending to the least
negative photos ( p > .5). Although negative affect was
not as great as that reported for most negative photos,
ratings for both the moderately negative and least
negative photos showed a similar pattern of successful
reappraisal [moderate: Attend M = 2.75, Reappraise
M = 1.52, t(14) = 7.66, p < .01; least: Attend M = 2.05,
Reappraise M = 1.43, t(14) = 4.27, p < .01]. However,
comparisons with affect reported on Attend– neutral
trials (M = 1.08) showed that in no case did reappraisal
entirely eliminate negative affect ( p < .01 for all
comparisons).
Manipulation Check
In a pre-scan training session, participants were in-
structed to reappraise photos during scanning by gen-
erating an interpretation of, or story about, each photo
that would explain apparently negative events in a less
negative way. To verify that participants had, in fact,
reappraised in this manner, during the post-scan rating

Figure 3. Region of right

anterior cingulate cortex
(MNI coordinates: 6, 14, 32)
identified in a regression
analysis as showing a significant 4
correlation between increasing
activation and decreasing
negative affect on Reappraise as
compared to Attend trials with 3
negative photos. Activation is
shown on SPM99 canonical
T1 image.
2

0
Z-value

R2 = .645, r = .805, p = .0001

Parameter estimate of Cingulate

2.00
activation when Reappraising

1.50

1.00

.50

.00

-.50

.80 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2

Drop in negative affect due to Reappraisal

Ochsner et al. 1219

Table 2. Group Activations for Attend > Reappraise Contrast
Coordinates
Region of Activation Brodmann’s Area x y z Z Score Volume (mm3)
Medial orbito-frontal cortex L11 6 44 22 4.17 112
Posterior insula L13 44 16 2 3.84 240
Inferior parietal cortex R39/19 38 64 34 3.86 640
Medial occipital cortex R19 22 76 40 3.46 240
Amygdala R 16 12 20 2.88* 112

Clusters of 5 or more contiguous voxels whose global maxima meet a t threshold of 3.09, p < .001 uncorrected, are reported. Local maxima for
these clusters are denoted with (L). Coordinates are in MNI space.
*
T = 2.98, p < .005.

session participants also were asked to indicate for each tions were highly significant both for the foci in the
photo whether they had reinterpreted the photo (as anterior cingulate (R2 = .649, r = .805, p = .0001) and
instructed) or had used some other type of reappraisal the supramarginal gyrus (R2 = .570, r = .755, p < .0006).
strategy. Compliance with instructions was very high: On
less than 4% of trials with highly negative photos did
Modulation by Reappraisal
participants report using another type of strategy.
Emotion-sensitive regions modulated by reappraisal
were identified by greater activation in response to the
Brain Imaging Results
most negative photos on Attend than on Reappraise
Activation by Reappraisal trials. Activation was observed in a region of left MOFC
Reappraisal-sensitive regions were identified by greater (Figure 2, Table 2). Additional regions of activation were
activation in response to the most negative photos on found in the left posterior insula, right medial occipital
Reappraise than on Attend trials. Consistent with pre- cortex, and right inferior parietal cortex (Figure 2, Table
dictions, significantly activated regions included the 2). The amygdala, an a priori region-of-interest (ROI),
dorsal and ventral regions of the left LPFC, as well as was not significantly activated at a map-wise statistical
the dorsal MPFC (Figure 2, Table 1). Additional reap- threshold of p < .001. However, significant activation
praisal-related activations were observed in left temporal was observed in the right amygdala at a more liberal
pole, right supramarginal gyrus, and left lateral occipital threshold ( p < .005) (Figure 4). This finding was
cortex (Figure 2, Table 1). Contrary to expectations,
activation of the cingulate cortex was not observed.
Cingulate involvement in reappraisal was revealed,
however, in an SPM99 regression analysis used to iden- 6
tify regions for which level of brain activation across
participants correlated significantly with reappraisal suc- 5
cess. An index of reappraisal success was computed for
each participant by subtracting the mean level of neg-
4
ative affect reported on Reappraise trials from that
reported on Attend trials when highly negative images
3
were shown. Larger difference scores thus corresponded
to a greater decrease in negative affect, which is indica-
tive of a more effective reappraisal. At a threshold of 2
p < .001 (uncorrected), activity in no brain regions was
1
negatively correlated, and in only two regions was
positively correlated, with reappraisal success such that
greater activation predicted greater decreases in negative Z-value
affect. These two regions were located in the right ante-
rior cingulate and right supramarginal gyrus (Figure 3,
Table 1). To more precisely characterize these correla- Figure 4. Coronal image showing the group-averaged cluster of
activation in right amygdala for the Attend > Reappraise contrast for
tions, mean parameter estimates of the response in- trials with the most negative photos ( p < .005). The focus is centered
crease when reappraising as compared to attending on MNI coordinates (16, 12, 20). Activation is shown on group-
were correlated with reappraisal success. These correla- averaged anatomy.

1220 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Volume 14, Number 8

confirmed by the results of a planned ROI analysis in
which parameter estimates that model the amplitude
of the fMRI response were extracted from structurally
defined ROIs (see, e.g., Figure 4). For the right amyg-
dala, this analysis revealed a significantly greater ampli-
tude of response on Attend than Reappraise trials
( p < .025, one-tailed for planned comparison). The
response to most negative photos on Reappraise trials
was not significantly different from the response to
neutral photos on Attend trials [t(14) < 1, p > .5]
(Figure 5). No significant differences in response were
shown across trial types for the left amygdala ROI
[all t(14) < 1, p > .5].
To further characterize the relationships between
reappraisal-related increases and decreases in brain acti-
vation, mean parameter estimates across trial types were
contrasted for a set of functionally defined ROIs: The
first was the region of MOFC identified by the Attend >
Reappraise contrast, and the others were regions of the
LPFC activated by the Reappraise > Attend contrast

Figure 5. ROI analyses. (a)

Functionally or structurally
defined ROIs and ( b) group a b
mean parameter estimates
(M ± SEM) for each ROI on Left
Attend and Reappraise (Reapp) ventral LPFC
trials using negative photos,
and Attend trials using neutral
.25
photos. Note that the negative .20
images contributing to this .15
analysis were identified as the
.10
third of negative images that
were given the most negative .05
rating by each participant 0
(see Methods and Results). -.05
Top row: A functionally defined
ROI within the left ventral -.10
LPFC (BA 46/10) activated by -.15
Reappraise > Attend contrast, -.20
centered on MNI coordinates
( 54, 42, 12) and shown on
Parameter estimate of activation

group-averaged anatomy. This

is the only prefrontal region Left
whose activation during .10 MOFC
reappraisal was inversely
correlated with activation in .075
emotion-processing regions
(shown in Figure 6). Middle .05
row: A functionally defined ROI
within left MOFC (BA 11) .025
identified by the Attend >
Reappraise contrast, centered
0
on MNI coordinates ( 6, 46,
20) and shown on group-
-.025
averaged anatomy. Bottom row:
-.05
Sample structurally defined ROI
for the right amygdala from a
single subject centered on MNI
coordinates (24, 7, 15). Right
Ventral LPFC activation on .15 Amygdala
Reappraise – most negative
trials was significantly greater .10
than on Attend – most negative
trials ( p < .025, one-tailed),
whereas the MOFC and
.05
amygdala showed the opposite
pattern ( both p < .025, 0
one-tailed).
-.05

-.10
Attend- Reapp- Attend-
Most-Neg Most-Neg Neutral

Ochsner et al. 1221

(Table 1). These analyses indicated that MOFC exhibited
greater activation to most negative photos on Attend
than on Reappraise trials, whereas activated regions of
the LPFC exhibited precisely the opposite pattern ( p <
.025, one-tailed for planned comparisons). For one of
the activated prefrontal regions—the ventral LPFC—the
reappraisal-related increase in brain activation was cor-
related across participants with the reappraisal-related
decrease in amygdala activation (r = .677, p < .004; for
all other regions, p > .19). Ventral LPFC activation also
was negatively correlated with MOFC activation, albeit to
a lesser extent (r = .494, p < .06) (Figure 6). Activation
on Attend– neutral trials was not significantly different
from either activation on Attend– most negative trials in
this ventral prefrontal region [t(14) < 1.2, p > .24] or
a Bechara et al., 1999; Davidson & Irwin, 1999; Rolls,
.08
Parameter estimate of MOFC
activation when Reappraising
from activity on Reappraise – most negative trials in
MOFC and amygdala [both t(14) < 1, p > .5] (Figure 5).
DISCUSSION
This study is one of the first to use functional imaging to
draw inferences about the neural bases of the cognitive
control of emotion. Behaviorally, reappraisal of negative
photos successfully diminished negative affect. Neural
correlates of effective reappraisal were (1) activation in
the regions of the LPFC and MPFC essential for working
memory, cognitive control (Miller & Cohen, 2001;
Knight et al., 1999; Smith & Jonides, 1999), and self-
monitoring (Gusnard, Akbudak, Shulman, & Raichle,
2001) and (2) decreased activation in two regions in-
volved in emotion processing, the MOFC and the amyg-
dala (Adolphs, 2001; Ochsner & Feldman Barrett, 2001;
1999). In addition, the magnitude of ventral LPFC acti-
vation during reappraisal was inversely correlated with
r = -.494, p < .061

activation in both emotion-processing regions. Taken

.06
together, these findings provide the first evidence that
.04
reappraisal may modulate emotion processes imple-
.02
mented in the amygdala and MOFC that are involved
0
in the evaluating the affective salience and contextual
-.02
relevance of a stimulus (Ochsner & Feldman Barrett,
-.04
-.06
2001; Phelps et al., 2001; Bechara et al., 2000; LeDoux,
2000; Bechara et al., 1999; Rolls, 1999).
-.08
-.1
-.12 Cognitive Processes Supporting Reappraisal
-.2 -.1 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9
The particular regions of the LPFC and MPFC activated
Parameter estimate of left ventral
LPFC activation when Reappraising by reappraisal are similar to the regions commonly acti-
vated across working memory and response-selection
b tasks that involve maintaining information in aware-
ness and resisting interference from competing inputs
.2 (Cabeza & Nyberg, 1999; Smith & Jonides, 1999; Court-
Parameter estimate of Amygdala

r = -.677, p < .004

activation when Reappraising

ney, Petit, Maisog, Ungerleider, & Haxby, 1998; Petit,

.1
0 an overlapping set of prefrontal regions support the
-.1
-.2
-.3
-.4
-.2 -.1 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9
Parameter estimate of left ventral
LPFC activation when Reappraising
Figure 6. Correlations between reappraisal-induced changes in
parameter estimates of activation for the functional and structural ROIs
shown in Figure 5. During reappraisal, increases in response in the
ventral LPFC (a) correlated with decreases in response in the amygdala
and ( b) to a lesser degree correlated with decreases in response in the
MOFC.
Courtney, Ungerleider, & Haxby, 1998; Alexander,
Delong, & Strick, 1996). These similarities suggest that
cognitive regulation of feelings and thoughts (Miller
& Cohen, 2001; Ochsner & Feldman Barrett, 2001;
Davidson & Irwin, 1999; Knight et al., 1999; Smith &
Jonides, 1999).
The finding that activation of the ventral LPFC was
inversely correlated with the activation of the amygdala
and the MOFC suggests that this region may play a
direct part in modulating emotion processing, perhaps
related to the role of ventral frontal regions in interfer-
ence control and behavioral inhibition more generally
(Miller & Cohen, 2001; Smith & Jonides, 1999). It is
notable, however, that other prefrontal regions were
even more strongly activated by reappraisal, although
these activations did not correlate significantly with
activity in emotion-processing regions. Although this
initial study was not designed to determine the precise

1222 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Volume 14, Number 8

contributions to the reappraisal process made by each
region, they may mediate processes necessary for, but
not directly related to, successful reappraisal. For exam-
ple, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex was the region most
strongly activated by reappraisal. This region has been
associated with emotional awareness (Lane, 2000; Lane,
et al., 1997), drawing inferences about one’s own (Para-
diso et al., 1999) or others’ (Gallagher et al., 2000;
Happe et al., 1996) emotional states, and self-related
processing (Gusnard et al., 2001) more generally. The
need to monitor and evaluate the self-relevance of
emotional stimuli could be important whenever one
reappraises (Scherer et al., 2001; Lazarus, 1991) and
may be used to regulate anxiety in anticipation of
aversive events (Simpson et al., 2000). Similarly, the
superior prefrontal regions have been associated with
spatial working memory and control of eye movements
(Smith & Jonides, 1999; Courtney et al., 1998), both of
which could be needed for analyzing and reinterpreting
perceptual inputs during reappraisal.
We also hypothesized that the anterior cingulate
cortex would be involved in reappraisal. Although cin-
gulate activation was not observed in the group contrast
of Reappraise and Attend trials, there was, across partic-
ipants, a positive correlation between cingulate activa-
tion and effective reappraisal. The anterior cingulate
cortex is thought to be important for monitoring on-
going processing and evaluating the need for cognitive
control (e.g., Botvinick et al., 2001), and it might be
expected that successful reappraisal would depend upon
the use of this process to monitor for conflicts between
initial emotional appraisals and cognitively restructured
reappraisals. In the present study, cingulate activation
may therefore reflect active monitoring that enhanced
the cognitive transformation of an aversive experience.
Emotion Processes Modulated by Reappraisal
The observation that reappraisal can influence brain
systems implicated in emotion processing may have
significance for contemporary appraisal theories of emo-
tion (for a review, see Scherer et al., 2001). It has been
clear that reappraisal diminishes negative emotion ex-
perience and negative emotion-expressive behavior
(Gross, 1998), but theorists have not specified the types
of emotion processing that might be influenced by
reappraisal. Although the present study was not de-
signed to determine which specific emotion-processing
functions attributable to the amygdala and MOFC are
modulated by reappraisal, modulation of these two
brain structures is consistent with the idea that reap-
praisal can influence processes involved in evaluating
the affective salience of a stimulus (Anderson & Phelps,
2001; Morris et al., 1999; Whalen et al., 1998), as well
those important for evaluating the salience of that
stimulus in the context of current situational or personal
goals (Kawasaki et al., 2001; Ochsner & Feldman Barrett,
2001; O’Doherty et al., 2001; Bechara et al., 2000;
Davidson & Irwin, 1999; Rolls, 1999; Elliott et al., 1997).
Further work will be needed to determine which
specific aspects of amygdala and OFC functioning can
be modulated by reappraisal. On one hand, the appraisal
function of the amygdala often is characterized as auto-
matic (e.g., LeDoux, 2000; Morris et al., 1999). In the
present study, it likely that reappraisal did not modulate
this early amygdala response, which is thought to
depend upon subcortical inputs from the senses.
Instead, reappraisal may have influenced a more sus-
tained response that may depend (as discussed below)
on cortical inputs and is more amenable to control by
cognitive processes. It will be important to determine
whether and how reappraisal could influence the early
automatic response as well. On the other hand, the
MOFC often is characterized as serving a regulatory
function,2 as evidenced, for example, by its roles in
decision-making involving risky choices (e.g., Bechara
et al., 2000) and extinction of conditioned fear responses
(e.g., Morgan et al., 1995; see, however, footnote 2). On
our view, the cognitive processes supporting reap-
praisal, as well as the emotional processes supporting
context-sensitive evaluation, may both exert regulatory
effects, albeit in different ways. Whereas the evaluation
processes supported by OFC may support the selection
of appropriate, and the transient suppression of inap-
propriate, affective responses, the reappraisal processes
supported by lateral and medial prefrontal regions may
be important for modulating these evaluation processes
themselves. By down-regulating multiple types of evalu-
ation processes, reappraisal may shift from an emotional
to an unemotional mode of stimulus analysis.
Further work will also be needed to determine exactly
how prefrontal regions modulate the amygdala and
MOFC during reappraisal. In the present study, we
observed an inverse correlation between lateral prefron-
tal and amygdala activation during reappraisal, although
these two structures share few direct connections. One
route by which the LPFC could influence the amygdala is
via the MOFC, which has reciprocal connections with
both regions (Cavada et al., 2000). By directly modulat-
ing representations of the affective significance of a
stimulus in the MOFC, activation in the LPFC could
blunt processing in the amygdala indirectly. This seems
somewhat unlikely, however, because the correlation
between the LPFC and the MOFC activity was not as
strong as the correlation between LPFC and amygdala
activity (which could be due, in part, to signal loss in
MOFC). A second possible route involves prefrontal
modulation of posterior perceptual and semantic inputs
to the amygdala from the occipital and parietal regions
(de Fockert, Rees, Frith, & Lavine, 2001; Miller & Cohen,
2001; Knight et al., 1999; Smith & Jonides, 1999).
Reappraising the affective significance of images in work-
ing memory may reorganize these inputs so that the
amygdala and the MOFC no longer register the presence
Ochsner et al. 1223
of an aversive stimulus. This view is supported by the
fact that reappraisal modulated activation in the lateral
occipital cortex, a region associated with visual object
processing, and the supramarginal gyrus, an inferior
parietal region associated with attentional selection
and storage of information held in working memory
(Cabeza & Nyberg, 1999; Culham & Kanwisher, 2001;
Smith & Jonides, 1999). Future research may help
determine which account is correct.
The Nature of Emotion Regulation
The present study provides insight into the processes
supporting reappraisal. However, a number of additional
steps will be necessary to develop a more complete
framework for understanding the cognitive and affective
mechanisms of emotion and emotion regulation more
generally (Ochsner & Feldman Barrett, 2001). In partic-
ular, the present research raises at least two important
questions about the nature of emotion regulation.
The first question concerns the way in which emotion
processing might be modulated differently by cognitive
reappraisal as compared to other forms of emotion
regulation. A pair of studies have examined attentional
influences on emotion processing and found that
enhanced amygdala responses to fearful faces did
not change as attention to a fear stimulus decreased
(Anderson et al., 2001; Vuilleumier, Armony, Driver, &
Dolen, 2001). These results contrast with the present
finding that attempts to cognitively transform feelings
can modulate amygdala activity. A handful of other
studies have examined the influence on amygdala pro-
cessing of cognitive judgments that involve explicit eval-
uation of the emotional properties of faces as compared
to evaluation of stimulus dimensions unrelated to emo-
tion, such as gender or age. Results have been mixed,
with some studies finding that evaluative judgments
diminish amygdala activation (Hariri, Bookheimer, &
Mazziotta, 2000; Liberzon et al., 2000) and others finding
the opposite (Winston, Strange, O’Doherty, & Dolan,
2002; Critchley et al., 2000). Although the precise rele-
vance of these judgments to emotion regulation is not
clear, some of the discrepant findings could be attribut-
able to a differential dependence of some evaluative
judgments on processes involved in reappraisal. More
generally, the present results may be difficult to directly
relate to these studies because of the differences in the
stimuli employed and the responses they evoke. Where-
as the present study used stimuli that elicit relatively
strong responses that induce changes in emotional
experience, the words and faces employed in other
studies elicit weaker responses overall and only rarely
alter experience (Ochsner & Feldman Barrett, 2001;
Davidson & Irwin, 1999). Future work may serve to clarify
the precise ways in which different types of regulation
modulate different aspects of emotion (Ochsner &
Feldman Barrett, 2001; cf. Gray, in press).
1224 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
A second question concerns the lateralization of
activations and deactivations related to reappraisal and
emotion processing, respectively. One possibility is that
these findings are related to properties of the particular
regulatory processes involved in the present study. Left
lateralization of reappraisal-related prefrontal activa-
tions may, for example, reflect a common verbal com-
ponent of reappraisal strategies employed by
participants, who typically reported mentally talking
themselves through their reappraisals.3 Left prefrontal
regions have been implicated in interference tasks
involving verbal stimuli (e.g., Bunge, Ochsner, Des-
mond, Glover, & Gabrieli, 2001; Macdonald, Cohen,
Stenger, & Carter, 2000; D’Esposito, Postle, Jonides, &
Smith, 1999; Jonides, Smith, Marshuetz, Koeppe, &
Rueter-Lorenz, 1998), which suggests that this region
may represent verbal reappraisal strategies and help
resolve interference with competing negative evalua-
tions generated by the perception of aversive stimuli.
Were one to examine other types of reappraisal or
other emotion-regulation strategies that do not share
this interpretive verbal component (e.g., those involv-
ing attentional deployment, as discussed above, or the
suppression of expressive emotional behavior; Gross,
1998), it is possible that activation of the right prefron-
tal systems would be observed. This hypothesis is
supported by a study showing that regulating responses
to a sexually arousing film clip by viewing them from a
detached third-person perspective activated right PFC
and deactivated structures related to sexual arousal,
including the hypothalamus and the amygdala (Beau-
regard, Levesque, & Bourgouin, 2001). In this context,
the deactivation of the right amygdala and the left
MOFC may reflect stimulus (as compared to verbally)-
driven processing of affective information by the amyg-
dala (Phelps et al., 2001; Morris et al., 1999), and the
observation that the right amygdala and the left orbito-
frontal cortex activity may be coupled during sensory
processing of aversive stimuli (Zald & Pardo, 1997).
A second possible explanation for lateralized activa-
tions relates to findings associating negative affect with
the right hemisphere and positive affect with the left
hemisphere (e.g., Canli, Desmond, Zhao, Glover, &
Gabrieli, 1998; see Davidson & Irwin, 1999, for a review).
Thus, right amygdala deactivation could reflect down-
regulation of systems that generate negative appraisals
whereas left PFC activation could reflect engagement of
systems supporting positivizing reappraisals. This inter-
pretation is consistent with the finding that relatively
greater resting activation of the left than the right PFC is
correlated with resistance to depression, which may in
turn reflect baseline differences in the ability to repre-
sent cognitive control strategies used to down-regulate
emotion processing (Davidson, Putnam, & Larson,
2000). Consistent with this view, studies of resting brain
metabolism in individuals with depression or obsessive –
compulsive disorder—who may be unable to effectively
Volume 14, Number 8
represent these strategies—have shown hypoactivation
of the prefrontal regions coupled with hyperactivation of
the amygdala and/or the orbito-frontal cortex that nor-
malizes with effective treatment (Davidson et al., 2000;
Brody et al., 1999; Saxena et al., 1999).
Conclusions
The aim of the present study was to use information
about brain function to draw inferences about the
mechanisms supporting one type of cognitive control
of emotion. As such, it represents one example of a
growing trend towards using neuroscience methods to
address questions that traditionally have been of interest
to social and personality psychologists (Ochsner &
Lieberman, 2001). Although findings suggest that cogni-
tive reappraisal can modulate multiple types of emotion
processing, questions remain about the functional sig-
nificance of observed frontal and amygdala activations,
their relation to other forms of regulation, and their
relevance to clinical populations. As future work ad-
dresses these questions, we may be able to better
connect Hamlet’s timeless observation that thinking
can make things good or bad with an increased under-
standing of how the brain makes this possible.
METHODS
Participants
Fifteen healthy right-handed female volunteers4 re-
cruited from Stanford University and the surrounding
community (ages 18 – 30, M = 21.9) gave informed
consent and were paid $50 for their participation.
Task
On the basis of normative ratings, two sets of 38 negative
color photos and one set of 38 neutral color photos
were selected from the International Affective Picture
System (Lang, Greenwald, Bradley, & Hamm, 1993). The
task design was adapted from Jackson et al. (2000). At
the beginning of each trial, a photo (subtending approx-
imately 20  208 of visual angle) appeared in the center
of a black screen for 4 sec with the instruction VIEW
printed in white underneath. Many photos depicted
complex scenes, and during this viewing period partic-
ipants were instructed to view the photo, understand its
content, and allow themselves to experience/feel any
emotional response it might elicit. The photo remained
on the screen for an additional 4 sec with an instruction
either to ATTEND or REAPPRAISE replacing the instruc-
tion to VIEW. On Attend trials, either a negative or a
neutral photo was shown and participants were in-
structed to attend to and be aware of, but not to try
to alter, any feelings elicited by it. On Reappraise trials,
a negative photo was shown and participants were
instructed to reinterpret the photo so that it no longer
elicited a negative response. The 4-sec epoch during
which participants were attending or reappraising neg-
ative photos is the subject of the functional imaging
analyses reported in the present study. The photo then
disappeared and, for 3.1 sec, participants could continue
attending to, or reappraising, any feelings that lingered
after its presentation. A four-point scale (1 = ‘‘weak’’ to
4 = ‘‘strong’’) for rating the strength of current negative
affect then was presented for 3 sec, and participants
indicated how they felt currently. Finally, an instruction
to RELAX appeared in the center of the screen for 5 sec.
A 900-msec interval separated each trial.
Testing Procedure
One to three days before scanning, participants
received extensive instruction in reappraisal. Pilot test-
ing suggested reappraisal was commonly accomplished
by generating an interpretation of, or a story about, each
photo that would explain apparently negative events in a
less negative way (e.g., women depicted crying outside
of a church could be described as attending a wedding
instead of a funeral). No single type of reinterpretation
was universally applicable to all photos, which was
expected given that individuals must generate context-
appropriate reappraisals in everyday life. To strike a
balance between generalizability and experimental con-
trol, we instructed participants to select the reinterpre-
tation that was most effective for each photo. Training
began by asking participants to spontaneously generate
reappraisals of sample photos. After appropriate coach-
ing and shaping by the researcher to ensure that partic-
ipants could reinterpret photos quickly and effectively,
the training ended with the completion of 18 practice
trials. It was stressed that when asked to reappraise,
participants should neither look away (unless necessary;
no subjects reported that it was) nor distract themselves
with irrelevant and/or positive thoughts.
During scanning, participants completed one hun-
dred and fourteen 20-sec trials over six separate scans.
Each scan included approximately equal numbers of
each trial type, and trial order was counterbalanced
across scans so that every trial type followed every
other with equal probability. Assignment of photos to
trial types and scans was counterbalanced across par-
ticipants. Psyscope was used to control stimulus pre-
sentation and response collection. Upon completion of
scanning, participants viewed all the negative photos
they had seen in the scanner and indicated the
strength of their initial negative reaction to each one
(i.e., during the viewing period, before attending, or
reappraising). These ratings were used to identify the
trials that involved the photos rated most negatively by
each participant. To verify that participants had, in fact,
reappraised, for each photo they were asked to in-
dicate whether they had generated an alternative
Ochsner et al. 1225
interpretation or whether they had used some other
types of reappraisal strategy.
Data Acquisition
Whole-brain imaging data were acquired on a 3-T MRI
Signa LX Horizon Echospeed scanner (GE Medical
Systems, 8.3_m4 systems revision). T2-weighted flow-
compensated spin-echo anatomical images (TR, 2000
msec; TE, 85 msec) were acquired in 16 contiguous
7-mm axial slices. Functional images were acquired
with the same slice prescription using a T2*-sensitive
gradient-echo spiral pulse sequence (Glover & Lai,
1998) (TE, 30 msec; TR, 1000 msec; two interleaves;
flip angle 608, field of view, 24 cm; 64  64 data acqui-
sition matrix).
Data Analysis
Functional images were motion-corrected and normal-
ized to a standard template brain using SPM99 (Well-
come Department of Cognitive Neurology). Normalized
images were interpolated to 2  2  4-mm voxels and
spatially smoothed with a Gaussian filter (6 mm full
width half maximum). Low-frequency noise and differ-
ences in global signal between participants were
removed. Single participants’ data were analyzed with
a fixed-effects model (Friston, Jezzard, & Turner, 1994)
and group data were analyzed using a random-effects
model (Holmes & Friston, 1998). Effects were modeled
using a box-car convolved with a canonical hemody-
namic response function for the 4-sec trial epoch during
which participants reappraised or attended while a
photo was on the screen. An anatomically defined gray
matter mask was created and explicitly specified during
analysis. This ensured that statistical analysis was per-
formed in all brain regions, including those where signal
may be low due to susceptibility artifacts. For the group
analysis, functional images were averaged to create a
single image of mean activation per trial type and
participant. To identify regions recruited across partic-
ipants that were activated or relatively deactivated by
reappraisal, one-sample t tests were performed on these
average images to create a series of SPM{Z} maps
depicting differences in brain activation between trial
types. To identify regions for which the level of reap-
praisal-related activation across participants was corre-
lated with the reappraisal-related decreases in negative
affect, a simple regression analysis was performed on
the average images for the Reappraise > Attend con-
trast. Except as noted below, for group contrasts and
regression analysis, a voxel-level threshold of p < .001
uncorrected for multiple comparisons (t = 3.09) was
used. An extent threshold of five contiguous voxels was
applied to activated clusters meeting the voxel-level
threshold. Maxima are reported in MNI305 coordinates,
as in SPM99.
1226 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
To determine whether reappraisal modulated the
amygdala’s response to negative photos, structurally de-
fined ROIs were drawn around each participant’s amyg-
dalae on their in-plane anatomical images (Desmond
& Lim, 1997). Parameter estimates (that model the am-
plitude of the fMRI response) averaged across all voxels
for each ROI were then extracted for Reappraise and
Attend trials on which the most negative photos had been
presented. For comparison, parameter estimates on
Attend neutral trials also were extracted. Planned t tests
(a = .05, one-tailed) were used to compare amygdala
activation across these three trial types. This analysis
also was performed for functionally defined ROIs in
regions of a priori interest in the LPFC and MOFC.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by NSF grant BCD-0084496,
McDonnel-Pew grant 98-23, and grant 5 F32 MH11990-03 from
the National Institute of Health. The authors thank Adam
Anderson and Kalina Christoff for discussion of relevant issues
and comments on earlier drafts of this article.
Reprint requests should be sent to Kevin Ochsner, Department
of Psychology, Stanford University, Building 420, Main Quad,
Stanford, CA, 94305-2130, USA, or via e-mail: ochsner@psych.
stanford.edu.
The data reported in this experiment have been deposited in
The fMRI Data Center (http://www.fmridc.org). The accession
number is 2-2002-1137G.
Notes
1. To provide an independent check for bias in participants’
subjective reports, and the affect ratings in particular, in a
pre-scan session participants were asked to complete the
Marlowe – Crowne social desirability scale, which is commonly
used as a measure of the tendency to provide responses that
would be demanded in an experiment. Overall, scores on
this scale were low (M = 13.125) and were uncorrelated
(r = .099, p > .80) with reappraisal success (as indexed by
the drop in negative affect on reappraise as compared to
attend trials). Furthermore, if affect ratings reflected com-
pliance with experimental demand, then ratings might have
been expected to drop on reappraise trials to the level of
affect reported on aware trials with neutral photos. This did
not occur. In fact, ratings on reappraise trials remained
sensitive to differences in intensity across photos: ratings on
reappraise trials with most negative photos were greater than
on reappraise trials for least negative images, which in turn,
were still greater than rating on aware neutral trials.
2. Two points concerning the MOFC’s role in regulation are
relevant here. First, recent studies suggest that the relation of
MOFC to extinction is not yet clear. Some animal lesion studies
indicate that medial lesions impair extinction (Morgan et al.,
1995), others suggest that they do not (Gewirtz, Falls, & Davis,
1997), whereas others suggest that the impairments may be
observed only during some phases of extinction (Quirk, Russo,
Barron, & Leborn, 2000). Although the reasons for these
discrepancies await clarification, one possible contributing
factor may be that subtle differences in learning contexts lead
to differential dependence on context-sensitive appraisal
processes associated with MOFC. In some circumstances,
when a UCS no longer follows a CS, these appraisal processes
Volume 14, Number 8
might be used to try and figure out what action to take next.
This decision process might transiently suppress a CR, which
research has shown can spontaneously reemerge at a later
point. Second, prior work has shown that OFC is involved in
modifying associations established in the amygdala (e.g., Rolls,
1999). This modification does not always involve down-
regulation of amygdala activity, however, and in many cases
may involve coactivation of the two structures during emo-
tional learning and evaluation (e.g., Schoenbaum, Chiba, &
Gallagher, 1998). In the case of extinction, OFC activity could
also reflect the use of appraisal processes to encode new
properties of the stimulus – context relationship. We would
suggest, therefore, that these data, along with the results of the
present study, are consistent with the conclusion that
reappraisal may down-regulate two processing components
of a system important for analyzing different kinds of emotion
features. Under certain circumstances, these two emotion-
related processors may themselves configure to regulate
responses. In the present circumstances, regulatory effects
are achieved by shutting them both down. Ultimately, brain
systems might best be thought of as performing task non-
specific computations that may play a part in different types of
behavior, whether or not that behavior is best described as
regulatory.
3. In this regard, it is worth noting that variability introduced
by the fact that we did not constrain participants to reappraise
photos in exactly the same way (they were free to implement a
common cognitive reframing strategy in a whatever manner
was appropriate for each photo) could provide a conservative
estimate of reappraisal-related prefrontal activations.
4. Only women were studied because women often exhibit
stronger emotional responses than men (Kring & Gordon,
1998), and prior research from our laboratory and others
suggested that women respond more strongly and more
reliably to the emotional stimuli used in this study (Ito,
Cacioppo, & Lang, 1998).
REFERENCES
Adolphs, R. (2001). The neurobiology of social cognition.
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 11, 231 – 239.
Alexander, G. E., Delong, M., & Strick, P. L. (1996). Parallel
organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal
ganglia and cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 9,
357 – 381.
Anderson, A. K., Panitz, D. A., Ochsner, K. N., Bunge, S. A.,
Christoff, K., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2001). Examination of
attentional modulation of neural responses in affective and
neural object processing domains. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts, 120.2.
Anderson, A. K., & Phelps, E. A. (2001). Lesions of the human
amygdala impair enhanced perception of emotionally salient
events. Nature, 411, 305 – 309.
Barcelo, F., & Knight, R. T. (2002). Both random and
perseverative errors underlie WCST deficits in prefrontal
patients. Neuropsychologia, 40, 349 – 356.
Barcelo, F., Suwazono, S., & Knight, R. T. (2000). Prefrontal
modulation of visual processing in humans. Nature
Neuroscience, 3, 399 – 403.
Barch, D. M., Braver, T. S., Akbudak, E., Conturo, T., Ollinger,
J., & Snyder, A. (2001). Anterior cingulate cortex and
response conflict: Effects of response modality and
processing domain. Cerebral Cortex, 11, 837 – 848.
Barch, D. M., Braver, T. S., Nystrom, L. E., Forman, S. D.,
Noll, D. C., & Cohen, J. D. (1997). Dissociating working
memory from task difficulty in human prefrontal cortex.
Neuropsychologia, 35, 1373 – 1380.
Beauregard, M., Leroux, J. M., Bergman, S., Arzoumanian, Y.,
Beaudoin, G., Bourgouin, P., & Stip, E. (1998). The
functional neuroanatomy of major depression: An fMRI
study using an emotional activation paradigm. NeuroReport,
9, 3253 – 3258.
Beauregard, M., Levesque, J., & Bourgouin, P. (2001). Neural
correlates of conscious self-regulation of emotion. Journal
of Neuroscience, 21, RC165.
Bechara, A., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. R. (2000). Emotion,
decision making and the orbitofrontal cortex. Cerebral
Cortex, 10, 295 – 307.
Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Damasio, A. R., & Lee, G. P. (1999).
Different contributions of the human amygdala and
ventromedial prefrontal cortex to decision-making. Journal
of Neuroscience, 19, 5473 – 5481.
Botvinick, M. M., Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., &
Cohen, J. D. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive
control. Psychology Review, 108, 624 – 652.
Brody, A. L., Saxena, S., Silverman, D. H., Alborzian, S.,
Fairbanks, L. A., Phelps, M. E., Huang, S. C., Wu, H. M.,
Maidment, K., & Baxter, L. R., Jr. (1999). Brain metabolic
changes in major depressive disorder from pre- to post-
treatment with paroxetine. Psychiatry Research, 91, 127 – 139.
Bunge, S. A., Ochsner, K. N., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H.,
& Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2001). Prefrontal regions involved in
keeping information in and out of mind. Brain, 124,
2074 – 2086.
Bush, G., Luu, P., & Posner, M. I. (2000). Cognitive and
emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends in
Cognitive Sciences, 4, 215 – 222.
Cabeza, R., & Nyberg, L. (2000). Imaging cognition: II.
An empirical review of 275 PET and fMRI studies. Journal
of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 1 – 47.
Cahill, L., Babinsky, R., Markowitsch, H. J., & McGaugh, J. L.
(1995). The amygdala and emotional memory. Nature, 377,
295 – 296.
Canli, T., Desmond, J. E., Zhao, Z., Glover, G., & Gabrieli, J. D.
(1998). Hemispheric asymmetry for emotional stimuli
detected with fMRI. NeuroReport, 9, 3233 – 3239.
Canli, T., Zhao, Z., Brewer, J., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Cahill, L.
(2000). Event-related activation in the human amygdala
associates with later memory for individual emotional
experience. Journal of Neuroscience, 20, RC99.
Carter, C. S., Macdonald, A. M., Botvinick, M., Ross, L. L.,
Stenger, V. A., Noll, D., & Cohen, J. D. (2000). Parsing
executive processes: Strategic vs. evaluative functions of the
anterior cingulate cortex. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 97, 1944 – 1948.
Cavada, C., Company, T., Tejedor, J., Cruz-Rizzolo, R. J., &
Reinoso-Suarez, F. (2000). The anatomical connections
of the macaque monkey orbitofrontal cortex. A review.
Cerebral Cortex, 10, 220 – 242.
Chua, P., Krams, M., Toni, I., Passingham, R., & Dolan, R.
(1999). A functional anatomy of anticipatory anxiety.
Neuroimage, 9, 563 – 571.
Courtney, S. M., Petit, L., Maisog, J. M., Ungerleider, L. G., &
Haxby, J. V. (1998). An area specialized for spatial working
memory in human frontal cortex. Science, 279, 1347 – 1351.
Critchley, H., Daly, E., Phillips, M., Brammer, M., Bullmore, E.,
Williams, S., Van Amelsvoort, T., Robertson, D., David, A., &
Murphy, D. (2000). Explicit and implicit neural mechanisms
for processing of social information from facial expressions:
A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Human
Brain Mapping, 9, 93 – 105.
Culham, J. C., & Kanwisher, N. G. (2001). Neuroimaging of
cognitive functions in human parietal cortex. Current
Opinion in Neurobiology, 11, 157 – 163.
Davidson, R. J., & Irwin, W. (1999). The functional
Ochsner et al. 1227
 neuroanatomy of emotion and affective style. Trends in
Cognitive Sciences, 3, 11 – 21.
Davidson, R. J., Putnam, K. M., & Larson, C. L. (2000).
Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation—
a possible prelude to violence. Science, 289, 591 – 594.
de Fockert, J. W., Rees, G., Frith, C. D., & Lavie, N. (2001). The
role of working memory in visual selective attention.
Science, 291, 1803 – 1806.
Desmond, J. E., & Lim, K. O. (1997). On- and offline
Talairach registration for structural and functional MRI
studies. Human Brain Mapping, 5, 58 – 73.
D’Esposito, M., Postle, B. R., Jonides, J., & Smith, E. E. (1999).
The neural substrate and temporal dynamics of interference
effects in working memory as revealed by event-related
functional MRI. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, U.S.A., 96, 7514 – 7519.
Elliott, R., Frith, C. D., & Dolan, R. J. (1997). Differential neural
response to positive and negative feedback in planning and
guessing tasks. Neuropsychologia, 35.
Friston, K. J., Jezzard, P., & Turner, R. (1994). Analysis of
functional MRI time-series. Human Brain Mapping, 1,
153 – 171.
Gallagher, H. L., Happe, F., Brunswick, N., Fletcher, P. C.,
Frith, U., & Frith, C. D. (2000). Reading the mind in cartoons
and stories: An fMRI study of ‘theory of mind’ in verbal and
nonverbal tasks. Neuropsychologia, 38, 11 – 21.
Gewirtz, J. C., Falls, W. A., & Davis, M. (1997). Normal
conditioned inhibition and extinction of freezing and
fear-potentiated startle following electrolytic lesions of
medial prefrontal cortex in rats. Behavioral Neuroscience,
111, 712 – 726.
Glover, G. H., & Lai, S. (1998). Self-navigated spiral fMRI:
Interleaved versus single-shot. Magnetic Resonance
Imaging, 39, 361 – 368.
Gross, J. J. (1998). Antecedent- and response-focused emotion
regulation: Divergent consequences for experience,
expression, and physiology. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 74, 224 – 237.
Gross, J. J. (2002). Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and
social consequences. Psychophysiology, 9, 281 – 291.
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (in press). Wise emotion regulation.
In L. Feldman Barrett & P. Salovey (Eds.), The wisdom of
feelings: Psychological processes in emotional intelligence.
New York: Guilford.
Gusnard, D. A., Akbudak, E., Shulman, G. L., & Raichle, M. E.
(2001). Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental
activity: Relation to a default mode of brain function.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 98,
4259 – 4264.
Hamann, S. B., Ely, T. D., Grafton, S. T., & Kilts, C. D. (1999).
Amygdala activity related to enhanced memory for pleasant
and aversive stimuli. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 289 – 293.
Happe, F., Ehlers, S., Fletcher, P., Frith, U., Johansson, M.,
Gillberg, C., Dolan, R., Frackowiak, R., & Frith, C. (1996).
‘Theory of mind’ in the brain. Evidence from a PET scan
study of Asperger syndrome. NeuroReport, 8, 197 – 201.
Hariri, A. R., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Mazziotta, J. C. (2000).
Modulating emotional responses: Effects of a neocortical
network on the limbic system. NeuroReport, 11, 43 – 48.
Holmes, A. P., & Friston, K. J. (1998). Generalisability, random
effects and population inference. Neuroimage: Abstracts
of the Fourth International Conference on Functional
Mapping of the Human Brain, 7, S754.
Hsieh, J. C., Stone-Elander, S., & Ingvar, M. (1999). Anticipatory
coping of pain expressed in the human anterior cingulate
cortex: A positron emission tomography study. Neuroscience
Letters, 262, 61 – 64.
Ito, T. A., Cacioppo, J. T., & Lang, P. J. (1998). Eliciting affect
1228 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
using the International Affective Picture System: Trajectories
through evaluative space. Personality and Social Psychology
Bulletin, 24, 855 – 879.
Jackson, D. C., Malmstadt, J. R., Larson, C. L., & Davidson, R. J.
(2000). Suppression and enhancement of emotional
responses to unpleasant pictures. Psychophysiology, 37,
515 – 522.
Jonides, J., Smith, E. E., Marshuetz, C., Koeppe, R. A.,
& Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (1998). Inhibition in verbal
working memory revealed by brain activation. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 95,
8410 – 8413.
Kawasaki, H., Kaufman, O., Damasio, H., Damasio, A. R.,
Granner, M., Bakken, H., Hori, T., Howard, M. A., III, &
Adolphs, R. (2001). Single-neuron responses to emotional
visual stimuli recorded in human ventral prefrontal cortex.
Nature Neuroscience, 4, 15 – 16.
Knight, R. T., Staines, W. R., Swick, D., & Chao, L. L. (1999).
Prefrontal cortex regulates inhibition and excitation in
distributed neural networks. Acta Psychologica, 101,
159 – 178.
Kring, A. M., & Gordon, A. H. (1998). Sex differences in
emotion: Expression, experience, and physiology. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 686 – 703.
Lane, R. (2000). Neural correlates of emotional experience.
In R. D. Lane & L. Nadel (Eds.), Cognitive Neuroscience
of Emotion. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lane, R. D., Fink, G. R., Chau, P. M., & Dolan, R. J. (1997).
Neural activation during selective attention to subjective
emotional responses. NeuroReport, 8, 3969 – 3972.
Lane, R. D., Reiman, E. M., Ahern, G. L., Schwartz, G. E.,
& Davidson, R. J. (1997). Neuroanatomical correlates of
happiness, sadness, and disgust. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 154, 926 – 933.
Lane, R. D., Reiman, E. M., Bradley, M. M., Lang, P. J.,
Ahern, G. L., Davidson, R. J., & Schwartz, G. E. (1997).
Neuroanatomical correlates of pleasant and unpleasant
emotion. Neuropsychologia, 35, 1437 – 1444.
Lang, P. J., Greenwald, M. K., Bradley, M. M., & Hamm, A. O.
(1993). Looking at pictures: Affective, visceral, and
behavioral reactions. Psychophysiology, 30, 261 – 273.
Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York:
Oxford University Press.
LeDoux, J. E. (2000). Emotion circuits in the brain. Annual
Review of Neuroscience, 23, 155 – 184.
Liberzon I., Taylor, S. F., Fig, L. M., Decker, L. R., Koeppe,
R. A., & Minoshima, S. (2000). Limbic activation and
psychophysiologic responses to aversive visual stimuli.
Interaction with cognitive task. Neuropsycho-
pharmacology, 23, 508 – 516.
MacDonald, A. W., Cohen, J. D., Stenger, V. A., & Carter, C. S.
(2000). Dissociating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal
and anterior cingulate cortex in cognitive control. Science,
288, 1835 – 1838.
Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). An integrative theory of
prefrontal cortex function. Annual Review of Neuroscience,
24, 67 – 202.
Morgan, M. A., & LeDoux, J. E. (1995). Differential contribution
of dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex to the
acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear in rats.
Behavioral Neuroscience, 109, 681 – 688.
Morris, J. S., Ohman, A., & Dolan, R. J. (1999). A subcortical
pathway to the right amygdala mediating ‘‘unseen’’ fear.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 96,
1680 – 1685.
Nielsen-Bohlman, L., & Knight, R. T. (1999). Prefrontal cortical
involvement in visual working memory. Brain Research.
Cognitive Brain Research, 8, 299 – 310.
Volume 14, Number 8
Ochsner, K. N., & Feldman Barrett, L. (2001). A multi-process
perspective on the neuroscience of emotion. In G. Bonnano
& T. J. Mayne (Eds.), Emotion: Current issues and future
directions (pp. 38 – 81). New York: Guilford.
Ochsner, K. N., & Lieberman, M. D. (2001). The emergence of
social cognitive neuroscience. American Psychologist, 56,
717 – 734.
Ochsner, K. N., & Schacter, D. L. (in press). Remembering
emotional events: A social cognitive neuroscience approach.
In R. J. Davidson, H. Goldsmith, & K. R. Scherer (Eds.),
Handbook of the affective sciences. Oxford University Press:
New York.
O’Doherty, J. O., Kringelbach, M. L., Rolls, E. T., Hornak, J., &
Andrews, C. (2001). Abstract reward and punishment
representations in the human orbitofrontal cortex. Nature
Neuroscience, 4, 95 – 102.
Paradiso, S., Jhonson, D. L., Andreasen, N. C., O’Leary, D. S.,
Watkins, G. L., Ponto, L. L., & Hichwa, R. D. (1999). Cerebral
blood flow changes associated with attribution of emotional
valence to pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral visual stimuli
in a PET study of normal subjects. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 156, 1618 – 1629.
Peterson, B. S., Skudlarski, P., Gatenby, J. C., Zhang, H.,
Anderson, A. W., & Gore, J. C. (1999). An fMRI study of
Stroop word – color interference: Evidence for cingulate
subregions subserving multiple distributed attentional
systems. Biological Psychiatry, 45, 1237 – 1258.
Petit, L., Courtney, S. M., Ungerleider, L. G., & Haxby, J. V.
(1998). Sustained activity in the medial wall during
working memory delays. Journal of Neuroscience, 18,
9429 – 9437.
Phelps, E. A., Hyder, F., Blamire, A. M., & Shulman, R. G.
(1997). FMRI of the prefrontal cortex during overt verbal
fluency. NeuroReport, 8, 561 – 565.
Phelps, E. A., O’Connor, K. J., Gatenby, J. C., Gore, J. C.,
Grillon, C., & Davis, M. (2001). Activation of the left
amygdala to a cognitive representation of fear. Nature
Neuroscience, 4, 437 – 441.
Ploghaus, A., Tracey, I., Gati, J. S., Clare, S., Menon, R. S.,
Matthews, P. M., & Rawlins, J. N. (1999). Dissociating pain
from its anticipation in the human brain. Science, 284,
1979 – 1981.
Quirk, G. J., Russo, G. K., Barron, J. L., & Lebron, K. (2000). The
role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the recovery of
extinguished fear. Journal of Neuroscience, 20, 6225 – 6231.
Reiman, E. M., Lane, R. D., Ahern, G. L., Schwartz, G. E.,
Davidson, R. J., Friston, K. J., Yun, L. S., & Chen, K. (1997).
Neuroanatomical correlates of externally and internally
generated human emotion. American Journal of
Psychiatry, 154, 918 – 925.
Richards, J. M., & Gross, J. J. (2000). Emotion regulation and
memory: The cognitive costs of keeping one’s cool. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 410 – 424.
Rolls, E. T. (1999). The brain and emotion. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Saxena, S., Brody, A. L., Maidment, K. M., Dunkin, J. J., Colgan,
M., Alborzian, S., Phelps, M. E., & Baxter, L. R., Jr. (1999).
Localized orbitofrontal and subcortical metabolic changes
and predictors of response to paroxetine treatment in
obsessive – compulsive disorder. Neuropsycho-
pharmacology, 21, 683 – 693.
Scherer, K. R., Schorr, A., & Johnstone, T. (2001). Appraisal
processes in emotion. New York: Oxford University Press.
Schoenbaum, G., Chiba, A. A., & Gallagher, M. (1998).
Orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala encode
expected outcomes during learning. Nature Neuroscience,
1, 155 – 159.
Shakespeare, W. (1998/1623). The Oxford Shakespeare:
Hamlet. New York: Oxford University Press.
Simpson, J. R., Ongur, D., Akbudak, E., Conturo, T. E., Ollinger,
J. M., Snyder, A. Z., Gusnard, D. A., & Raichle, M. E. (2000).
The emotional modulation of cognitive processing: An fMRI
study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 157 – 170.
Smith, E., & Jonides, J. (1999). Storage and executive processes
in the frontal lobes. Science, 283, 657 – 660.
Stuss, D. T., Eskes, G. A., & Foster, J. K. (1994). Experimental
neuropsychological studies of frontal lobe functions. In F.
Boller & J. Grafman (Eds.), Handbook of neuropsychology.
Amsterdam: Elsevier.
van Veen, V., Cohen, J. D., Botvinick, M. M., Stenger, V. A.,
& Carter, C. S. (2001). Anterior cingulate cortex, conflict
monitoring, and levels of processing. Neuroimage, 14,
1302 – 1308.
Vuilleumier, P., Armony, J. L., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2001).
Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the
human brain: An event-related fMRI study. Neuron, 30,
829 – 841.
Winston, J. S., Strange, B. A., O’Doherty, J., & Dolan, R. J.
(2002). Automatic and intentional brain responses during
evaluation of trustworthiness of faces. Nature Neuroscience,
5, 277 – 283.
Whalen, P. J., Rauch, S. L., Etcoff, N. L., McInerney, S. C.,
Lee, M. B., & Jenike, M. A. (1998). Masked presentations of
emotional facial expressions modulate amygdala activity
without explicit knowledge. Journal of Neuroscience, 181,
411 – 418.
Zald, D. H., & Pardo, J. V. (1997). Emotion, olfaction, and the
human amygdala: Amygdala activation during aversive
olfactory stimulation. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences, U.S.A., 94, 4119 – 4124.
Ochsner et al. 1229
This article has been cited by:

1. Xenia Protopopescu, Andrew J. Gerber. 2013. Bridging the Gap Between Neuroscientific and Psychodynamic Models in
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 22:1, 1-31. [CrossRef]
2. Annmarie MacNamara, Joseph Schmidt, Gregory J. Zelinsky, Greg Hajcak. 2012. Electrocortical and ocular indices of
attention to fearful and neutral faces presented under high and low working memory load. Biological Psychology 91:3,
349-356. [CrossRef]
3. Ioana A. Cristea, Aurora Szentagotai Tatar, Diana Nagy, Daniel David. 2012. The bottle is half empty and that’s bad, but not
tragic: Differential effects of negative functional reappraisal. Motivation and Emotion 36:4, 550-563. [CrossRef]
4. Trisha A. Pruis, Pamela K. Keel, Jeri S. Janowsky. 2012. Recovery from anorexia nervosa includes neural compensation for
negative body image. International Journal of Eating Disorders 45:8, 919-931. [CrossRef]
5. Amanda W. Calkins, Michael W. Otto. 2012. Testing the Boundaries of Computerized Cognitive Control Training on
Symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research . [CrossRef]
6. Hyun-Ghang Jeong, Byung-Joo Ham, Hye Bin Yeo, In-Kwa Jung, Sook-Haeng Joe. 2012. Gray matter abnormalities in
patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder: An optimized voxel-based morphometry. Journal of Affective Disorders 140:3,
260-267. [CrossRef]
7. Brett Froeliger, Leslie A. Modlin, Rachel V. Kozink, Lihong Wang, Eric L. Garland, Merideth A. Addicott, F.Joseph
McClernon. 2012. Frontoparietal attentional network activation differs between smokers and nonsmokers during affective
cognition. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging . [CrossRef]
8. T. Aue, H. C. Nusbaum, J. T. Cacioppo. 2012. Neural correlates of wishful thinking. Social Cognitive and Affective
Neuroscience 7:8, 991-1000. [CrossRef]
9. Wencai Zhang, Jianyou Guo, Jianxin Zhang, Jing Luo. 2012. Neural mechanism of placebo effects and cognitive reappraisal
in emotion regulation. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry . [CrossRef]
10. C. G. Davey, B. J. Harrison, M. Yücel, N. B. Allen. 2012. Regionally specific alterations in functional connectivity of the
anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder. Psychological Medicine 42:10, 2071-2081. [CrossRef]
11. Richard H.A.H. Jacobs, Remco Renken, Andre Aleman, Frans W. Cornelissen. 2012. The amygdala, top-down effects, and
selective attention to features. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 36:9, 2069-2084. [CrossRef]
12. Julian Macoveanu, James B. Rowe, Bettina Hornboll, Rebecca Elliott, Olaf B. Paulson, Gitte M. Knudsen, Hartwig R. Siebner.
2012. Playing it safe but losing anyway—Serotonergic signaling of negative outcomes in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in
the context of risk-aversion. European Neuropsychopharmacology . [CrossRef]
13. Eva M. Reiser, Günter Schulter, Elisabeth M. Weiss, Andreas Fink, Christian Rominger, Ilona Papousek. 2012. Decrease of
prefrontal–posterior EEG coherence: Loose control during social–emotional stimulation. Brain and Cognition 80:1, 144-154.
[CrossRef]
14. Alexander Soutschek, Torsten Schubert. 2012. Domain-specific control mechanisms for emotional and nonemotional conflict
processing. Cognition . [CrossRef]
15. Tsafrir Greenberg, Joshua M. Carlson, Jiook Cha, Greg Hajcak, Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi. 2012. VENTROMEDIAL
PREFRONTAL CORTEX REACTIVITY IS ALTERED IN GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER DURING FEAR
GENERALIZATION. Depression and Anxiety n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
16. Paul J. Whalen, M. Justin Kim, Maital Neta, F. Caroline DavisEmotion . [CrossRef]
17. M.-A. Vanderhasselt, S. Kuhn, R. De Raedt. 2012. 'Put on your poker face': neural systems supporting the anticipation for
expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
18. Simone Kühn, Christian Kaufmann, Daniela Simon, Tanja Endrass, Jürgen Gallinat, Norbert Kathmann. 2012. Reduced
thickness of anterior cingulate cortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Cortex . [CrossRef]
19. Pascal Vrti#ka, Guido Bondolfi, David Sander, Patrik Vuilleumier. 2012. The neural substrates of social emotion perception
and regulation are modulated by adult attachment style. Social Neuroscience 7:5, 473-493. [CrossRef]
20. Monique A. Pimontel, Michelle E. Culang-Reinlieb, Sarah S. Morimoto, Joel R. Sneed. 2012. Executive dysfunction and
treatment response in late-life depression. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 27:9, 893-899. [CrossRef]
21. Claudia Mihindou, Karine Guillem, Sylvia Navailles, Caroline Vouillac, Serge H. Ahmed. 2012. Discriminative Inhibitory
Control of Cocaine Seeking Involves the Prelimbic Prefrontal Cortex. Biological Psychiatry . [CrossRef]
22. Igor Marchetti, Ernst H. W. Koster, Edmund J. Sonuga-Barke, Rudi Raedt. 2012. The Default Mode Network and Recurrent
Depression: A Neurobiological Model of Cognitive Risk Factors. Neuropsychology Review 22:3, 229-251. [CrossRef]
23. A. Anticevic, G. Repovs, D. M. Barch. 2012. Emotion Effects on Attention, Amygdala Activation, and Functional
Connectivity in Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 38:5, 967-980. [CrossRef]
24. Hyejeen Lee, Aaron S. Heller, Carien M. van Reekum, Brady Nelson, Richard J. Davidson. 2012. Amygdala–prefrontal
coupling underlies individual differences in emotion regulation. NeuroImage 62:3, 1575-1581. [CrossRef]
25. Dirk Adolph, Bettina M. Pause. 2012. Different time course of emotion regulation towards odors and pictures: Are odors
more potent than pictures?. Biological Psychology 91:1, 65-73. [CrossRef]
26. Karina S. Blair, Marilla Geraci, Bruce W. Smith, Nick Hollon, Jeffrey DeVido, Marcela Otero, James R. Blair, Daniel S.
Pine. 2012. Reduced Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortical Activity During Emotional Regulation and Top-Down Attentional
Control in Generalized Social Phobia, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Comorbid Generalized Social Phobia/Generalized
Anxiety Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 72:6, 476-482. [CrossRef]
27. Xiaomeng Xu, Lucy Brown, Arthur Aron, Guikang Cao, Tingyong Feng, Bianca Acevedo, Xuchu Weng. 2012. Regional
brain activity during early-stage intense romantic love predicted relationship outcomes after 40 months: An fMRI assessment.
Neuroscience Letters 526:1, 33-38. [CrossRef]
28. Alisha C. Holland, Elizabeth A. Kensinger. The Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal during Emotional
Autobiographical Memory Recall. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, ahead of print1-22. [Abstract] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
29. A. C. Krendl, E. A. Kensinger, N. Ambady. 2012. How does the brain regulate negative bias to stigma?. Social Cognitive
and Affective Neuroscience 7:6, 715-726. [CrossRef]
30. E. J. Liemburg, M. Swart, R. Bruggeman, R. Kortekaas, H. Knegtering, B. Curcic-Blake, A. Aleman. 2012. Altered resting
state connectivity of the default mode network in alexithymia. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7:6, 660-666.
[CrossRef]
31. Jennifer D. Townsend, Salvatore J. Torrisi, Matthew D. Lieberman, Catherine A. Sugar, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Lori
L. Altshuler. 2012. Frontal-Amygdala Connectivity Alterations During Emotion Downregulation in Bipolar I Disorder.
Biological Psychiatry . [CrossRef]
32. Qing Lu, Haoran Li, Guoping Luo, Yi Wang, Hao Tang, Li Han, Zhijian Yao. 2012. Impaired prefrontal–amygdala effective
connectivity is responsible for the dysfunction of emotion process in major depressive disorder: A dynamic causal modeling
study on MEG. Neuroscience Letters 523:2, 125-130. [CrossRef]
33. R. Veit, V. Singh, R. Sitaram, A. Caria, K. Rauss, N. Birbaumer. 2012. Using real-time fMRI to learn voluntary regulation
of the anterior insula in the presence of threat-related stimuli. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7:6, 623-634.
[CrossRef]
34. Arthur P. Shimamura, Diane E. Marian, Andrew L. Haskins. 2012. Neural correlates of emotional regulation while viewing
films. Brain Imaging and Behavior . [CrossRef]
35. D. D. Wagner, T. F. Heatherton. 2012. Self-regulatory depletion increases emotional reactivity in the amygdala. Social
Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
36. Steven E. Petersen, Michael I. Posner. 2012. The Attention System of the Human Brain: 20 Years After. Annual Review of
Neuroscience 35:1, 73-89. [CrossRef]
37. J. M. Cisler, G. A. James, S. Tripathi, T. Mletzko, C. Heim, X. P. Hu, H. S. Mayberg, C. B. Nemeroff, C. D. Kilts. 2012.
Differential functional connectivity within an emotion regulation neural network among individuals resilient and susceptible
to the depressogenic effects of early life stress. Psychological Medicine 1-12. [CrossRef]
38. Muhammad A. Parvaz, Annmarie MacNamara, Rita Z. Goldstein, Greg Hajcak. 2012. Event-related induced frontal alpha as
a marker of lateral prefrontal cortex activation during cognitive reappraisal. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
. [CrossRef]
39. WILLIAM R. MARCHAND. 2012. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Zen
Meditation for Depression, Anxiety, Pain, and Psychological Distress. Journal of Psychiatric Practice 18:4, 233-252.
[CrossRef]
40. David F. Tolin, Michael C. Stevens, Andrea Nave, Anna L. Villavicencio, Samantha Morrison. 2012. Neural mechanisms
of cognitive behavioral therapy response in Hoarding Disorder: A pilot study. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorders 1:3, 180-188. [CrossRef]
41. Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Daniel S. Pine. 2012. Neural Substrates of Childhood Anxiety Disorders. Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Clinics of North America 21:3, 501-525. [CrossRef]
42. Oliver Baumann, Jason B. Mattingley. 2012. Functional topography of primary emotion processing in the human cerebellum.
NeuroImage 61:4, 805-811. [CrossRef]
43. Chris Baeken, Rudi De Raedt, Peter Van Schuerbeek, Johan De Mey, Axel Bossuyt, Robert Luypaert. 2012. The influence
of emotional priming on the neural substrates of memory: A prospective fMRI study using portrait art stimuli. NeuroImage
61:4, 876-883. [CrossRef]
44. Amanda H. Gill, Costas Papageorgiou, Sarah L. Gaskell, Adrian Wells. 2012. Development and Preliminary Validation of
the Thought Control Questionnaire for Adolescents (TCQ-A). Cognitive Therapy and Research . [CrossRef]
45. Christian M. Kerskens, Richard M. Piech, James F. M. MeaneyImaging Blood Circulation Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
349-385. [CrossRef]
46. K. K. Hauner, S. Mineka, J. L. Voss, K. A. Paller. 2012. From the Cover: Exposure therapy triggers lasting reorganization of
neural fear processing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109:23, 9203-9208. [CrossRef]
47. Michael I. Posner. 2012. Imaging attention networks. NeuroImage 61:2, 450-456. [CrossRef]
48. Jennifer Townsend, Lori L Altshuler. 2012. Emotion processing and regulation in bipolar disorder: a review. Bipolar
Disorders 14:4, 326-339. [CrossRef]
49. Fabrizio Benedetti. 2012. Placebo-Induced Improvements: How Therapeutic Rituals Affect the Patient's Brain. Journal of
Acupuncture and Meridian Studies 5:3, 97-103. [CrossRef]
50. Matthew D. Lieberman. 2012. A geographical history of social cognitive neuroscience. NeuroImage 61:2, 432-436.
[CrossRef]
51. Lauren Y. Atlas, Tor D. Wager. 2012. How expectations shape pain. Neuroscience Letters 520:2, 140-148. [CrossRef]
52. Greg Perlman, Alan N. Simmons, Jing Wu, Kevin S. Hahn, Susan F. Tapert, Jeffrey E. Max, Martin P. Paulus, Gregory G.
Brown, Guido K. Frank, Laura Campbell-Sills, Tony T. Yang. 2012. Amygdala response and functional connectivity during
emotion regulation: A study of 14 depressed adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders 139:1, 75-84. [CrossRef]
53. Cheryl L. Grady, Hartwig R. Siebner, Bettina Hornboll, Julian Macoveanu, Olaf B. Paulson, Gitte M. Knudsen. 2012. Acute
pharmacologically induced shifts in serotonin availability abolish emotion-selective responses to negative face emotions in
distinct brain networks. European Neuropsychopharmacology . [CrossRef]
54. K. S. Blair, M. Vythilingam, S. L. Crowe, D. E. McCaffrey, P. Ng, C. C. Wu, M. Scaramozza, K. Mondillo, D. S. Pine, D.
S. Charney, R. J. R. Blair. 2012. Cognitive control of attention is differentially affected in trauma-exposed individuals with
and without post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological Medicine 1-11. [CrossRef]
55. Brendan E. Depue. 2012. A neuroanatomical model of prefrontal inhibitory modulation of memory retrieval. Neuroscience
& Biobehavioral Reviews 36:5, 1382-1399. [CrossRef]
56. Wilfried Scharmüller, Sonja Übel, Franz Ebner, Anne Schienle. 2012. Appetite regulation during food cue exposure: A
comparison of normal-weight and obese women. Neuroscience Letters . [CrossRef]
57. Olga Pollatos, Klaus Gramann. 2012. Attenuated modulation of brain activity accompanies emotion regulation deficits in
alexithymia. Psychophysiology 49:5, 651-658. [CrossRef]
58. Daniel Schneider, Christina Regenbogen, Thilo Kellermann, Andreas Finkelmeyer, Nils Kohn, Birgit Derntl, Frank Schneider,
Ute Habel. 2012. Empathic behavioral and physiological responses to dynamic stimuli in depression. Psychiatry Research
. [CrossRef]
59. Miranda Olff. 2012. Bonding after trauma: on the role of social support and the oxytocin system in traumatic stress. European
Journal of Psychotraumatology 3:0. . [CrossRef]
60. C. Herbert, R. Deutsch, P. Platte, P. Pauli. 2012. No fear, no panic: Probing negation as a means for emotion regulation.
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
61. Emil F. Coccaro, Chandra Sekhar Sripada, Rachel N. Yanowitch, K. Luan Phan. 2012. Función corticolímbica en la conducta
agresiva impulsiva. Psiquiatría Biológica 19:2, 46-53. [CrossRef]
62. Rebecca Kerestes, Zubin Bhagwagar, Pradeep J. Nathan, Shashwath A. Meda, Cecile D. Ladouceur, Kathleen Maloney,
David Matuskey, Barbara Ruf, Aybala Saricicek, Fei Wang, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Mary L. Phillips, Hilary P. Blumberg.
2012. Prefrontal cortical response to emotional faces in individuals with major depressive disorder in remission. Psychiatry
Research: Neuroimaging 202:1, 30-37. [CrossRef]
63. Nabil Marzuq, Anat Drach-Zahavy. 2012. Recovery during a short period of respite: The interactive roles of mindfulness and
respite experiences. Work & Stress 26:2, 175-194. [CrossRef]
64. Andrea L. Glenn, Yaling Yang, Adrian RaineNeuroimaging in Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder: Functional
Significance and a Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis 81-98. [CrossRef]
65. Bojana Kuzmanovic, Gary Bente, D. Yves von Cramon, Leonhard Schilbach, Marc Tittgemeyer, Kai Vogeley. 2012.
Imaging first impressions: Distinct neural processing of verbal and nonverbal social information. NeuroImage 60:1, 179-188.
[CrossRef]
66. Kevin N. Ochsner, Jennifer A. Silvers, Jason T. Buhle. 2012. Functional imaging studies of emotion regulation: a synthetic
review and evolving model of the cognitive control of emotion. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1251:1, E1-
E24. [CrossRef]
67. Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt, Chris Baeken, Peter Van Schuerbeek, Rob Luypaert, Rudi De Raedt. 2012. Inter-individual
differences in the habitual use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression are associated with variations in prefrontal
cognitive control for emotional information: An event related fMRI study. Biological Psychology . [CrossRef]
68. R W Morris, A Sparks, P B Mitchell, C S Weickert, M J Green. 2012. Lack of cortico-limbic coupling in bipolar disorder and
schizophrenia during emotion regulation. Translational Psychiatry 2:3, e90. [CrossRef]
69. Kimberly H. Wood, Lawrence W. Ver Hoef, David C. Knight. 2012. Neural mechanisms underlying the conditioned
diminution of the unconditioned fear response. NeuroImage 60:1, 787-799. [CrossRef]
70. Radu V. Saveanu, Charles B. Nemeroff. 2012. Etiology of Depression: Genetic and Environmental Factors. Psychiatric
Clinics of North America 35:1, 51-71. [CrossRef]
71. A. Grecucci, C. Giorgetta, M. van't Wout, N. Bonini, A. G. Sanfey. 2012. Reappraising the Ultimatum: an fMRI Study of
Emotion Regulation and Decision Making. Cerebral Cortex . [CrossRef]
72. C. Firk, N. Siep, C. R. Markus. 2012. Serotonin transporter genotype modulates cognitive reappraisal of negative emotions:
a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
73. Vadim Kashtelyan, Steven C. Tobia, Amanda C. Burton, Daniel W. Bryden, Matthew R. Roesch. 2012. Basolateral amygdala
encodes upcoming errors but not response conflict. European Journal of Neuroscience no-no. [CrossRef]
74. Joseph LeDoux. 2012. Rethinking the Emotional Brain. Neuron 73:4, 653-676. [CrossRef]
75. Faten M. Aldhafeeri, Ian Mackenzie, Tony Kay, Jamaan Alghamdi, Vanessa Sluming. 2012. Regional brain responses to
pleasant and unpleasant IAPS pictures: Different networks. Neuroscience Letters . [CrossRef]
76. Katie Mahon, Katherine E Burdick, Jinghui Wu, Babak A Ardekani, Philip R Szeszko. 2012. Relationship between suicidality
and impulsivity in bipolar I disorder: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Bipolar Disorders 14:1, 80-89. [CrossRef]
77. Emma C. Fabiansson, Thomas F. Denson, Michelle L. Moulds, Jessica R. Grisham, Mark M. Schira. 2012. Don't look back
in anger: Neural correlates of reappraisal, analytical rumination, and angry rumination during recall of an anger-inducing
autobiographical memory. NeuroImage 59:3, 2974-2981. [CrossRef]
78. P. Sokol-Hessner, C. F. Camerer, E. A. Phelps. 2012. Emotion Regulation Reduces Loss Aversion and Decreases Amygdala
Responses to Losses. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
79. Elizabeth Davis, Ellen Greenberger, Susan Charles, Chuansheng Chen, Libo Zhao, Qi Dong. 2012. Emotion experience and
regulation in China and the United States: How do culture and gender shape emotion responding?. International Journal of
Psychology 1-10. [CrossRef]
80. K. McRae, J. J. Gross, J. Weber, E. R. Robertson, P. Sokol-Hessner, R. D. Ray, J. D. E. Gabrieli, K. N. Ochsner. 2012. The
development of emotion regulation: an fMRI study of cognitive reappraisal in children, adolescents and young adults. Social
Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7:1, 11-22. [CrossRef]
81. Ilona Papousek, Eva M. Reiser, Bernhard Weber, H. Harald Freudenthaler, Günter Schulter. 2012. Frontal brain asymmetry
and affective flexibility in an emotional contagion paradigm. Psychophysiology n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
82. Jennifer S. Kullmann, Jan-Sebastian Grigoleit, Philipp Lichte, Philipp Kobbe, Christina Rosenberger, Christina Banner, Oliver
T. Wolf, Harald Engler, Reiner Oberbeck, Sigrid Elsenbruch, Ulrike Bingel, Michael Forsting, Elke R. Gizewski, Manfred
Schedlowski. 2012. Neural response to emotional stimuli during experimental human endotoxemia. Human Brain Mapping
n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
83. Romuald Brunner, Christian Schmahl. 2012. Nicht-suizidale Selbstverletzung (NSSV) bei Jugendlichen und jungen
Erwachsenen. Kindheit und Entwicklung 21:1, 5-15. [CrossRef]
84. Luca Passamonti, Molly J. Crockett, Annemieke M. Apergis-Schoute, Luke Clark, James B. Rowe, Andrew J. Calder, Trevor
W. Robbins. 2012. Effects of Acute Tryptophan Depletion on Prefrontal-Amygdala Connectivity While Viewing Facial
Signals of Aggression. Biological Psychiatry 71:1, 36-43. [CrossRef]
85. Sven Barnow. 2012. Emotionsregulation und Psychopathologie. Psychologische Rundschau 63:2, 111-124. [CrossRef]
86. Martina Amanzio, Fabrizio Benedetti, Carlo A. Porro, Sara Palermo, Franco Cauda. 2012. Activation likelihood estimation
meta-analysis of brain correlates of placebo analgesia in human experimental pain. Human Brain Mapping n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
 87. Kristen K. Ellard, Todd J. Farchione, David H. Barlow. 2011. Relative Effectiveness of Emotion Induction Procedures and
the Role of Personal Relevance in a Clinical Sample: A Comparison of Film, Images, and Music. Journal of Psychopathology
and Behavioral Assessment . [CrossRef]
88. Brett Froeliger, Leslie A. Modlin, Rachel V. Kozink, Lihong Wang, F. Joseph McClernon. 2011. Smoking abstinence and
depressive symptoms modulate the executive control system during emotional information processing. Addiction Biology no-
no. [CrossRef]
89. Gerard P. Hodgkinson, Mark P. Healey. 2011. Psychological foundations of dynamic capabilities: reflexion and reflection in
strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 32:13, 1500-1516. [CrossRef]
90. Laura B. Luchies, Eli J. Finkel, Gráinne M. Fitzsimons. 2011. The Effects of Self-Regulatory Strength, Content, and Strategies
on Close Relationships. Journal of Personality 79:6, 949-977. [CrossRef]
91. C. Westbrook, J. D. Creswell, G. Tabibnia, E. Julson, H. Kober, H. A. Tindle. 2011. Mindful attention reduces neural and
self-reported cue-induced craving in smokers. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
92. Jennifer S. Beer. 2011. This time with motivation: The implications of social neuroscience for research on motivated self-
and other-perception (and vice versa). Motivation and Emotion . [CrossRef]
93. Dongju Seo, Rajita SinhaNeural Mechanisms of Stress and Addiction 209-233. [CrossRef]
94. Brett Froeliger, Leslie Modlin, Lihong Wang, Rachel V. Kozink, F. Joseph McClernon. 2011. Nicotine withdrawal modulates
frontal brain function during an affective Stroop task. Psychopharmacology . [CrossRef]
95. Richard C. Howard. 2011. The quest for excitement: a missing link between personality disorder and violence?. Journal of
Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 22:5, 692-705. [CrossRef]
96. Christian Montag, Bernd Weber, Peter Trautner, Beate Newport, Sebastian Markett, Nora T. Walter, Andrea Felten, Martin
Reuter. 2011. Does excessive play of violent first-person-shooter-video-games dampen brain activity in response to emotional
stimuli?. Biological Psychology . [CrossRef]
97. Willoughby B. Britton, Ben Shahar, Ohad Szepsenwol, W. Jake Jacobs. 2011. MINDFULNESS-based cognitive therapy
improves emotional reactivity to social stress: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy . [CrossRef]
98. Jane M. Lawrence, Fumiko Hoeft, Kristen E. Sheau, Sean C. Mackey. 2011. Strategy-dependent Dissociation of the Neural
Correlates Involved in Pain Modulation. Anesthesiology 115:4, 844-851. [CrossRef]
99. Laura H.F. Barde, Jason D. Yeatman, Eliana S. Lee, Gary Glover, Heidi M. Feldman. 2011. Differences in neural
activation between preterm and full term born adolescents on a sentence comprehension task: Implications for educational
accommodations. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
100. David A. Waldman, Pierre A. Balthazard, Suzanne J. Peterson. 2011. Social cognitive neuroscience and leadership. The
Leadership Quarterly . [CrossRef]
101. Kateri McRae, Scott E. Jacobs, Rebecca D. Ray, Oliver P. John, James J. Gross. 2011. Individual differences in reappraisal
ability: Links to reappraisal frequency, well-being, and cognitive control. Journal of Research in Personality . [CrossRef]
102. M. Rosario Rueda, Puri Checa, Lina M. Cómbita. 2011. Enhanced efficiency of the executive attention network after training
in preschool children: Immediate changes and effects after two months. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
103. Julia Gómez-Cuerva, Jane E. Raymond. 2011. Perception of facial expression depends on prior attention. Psychonomic
Bulletin & Review . [CrossRef]
104. Stefan G. Hofmann, Kristen K. Ellard, Greg J. Siegle. 2011. Neurobiological correlates of cognitions in fear and anxiety: A
cognitive–neurobiological information-processing model. Cognition & Emotion 1-18. [CrossRef]
105. Anett Gyurak, Madeleine S. Goodkind, Joel H. Kramer, Bruce L. Miller, Robert W. Levenson. 2011. Executive functions and
the down-regulation and up-regulation of emotion. Cognition & Emotion 1-16. [CrossRef]
106. Laura N. Martin, Mauricio R. Delgado. 2011. The Influence of Emotion Regulation on Decision-making under Risk. Journal
of Cognitive Neuroscience 23:9, 2569-2581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
107. Rose McDermott. 2011. Combining social and biological approaches to political behaviors. Politics and the Life Sciences
30:2, 98-102. [CrossRef]
108. Florin Dolcos, Alexandru D. Iordan, Sanda Dolcos. 2011. Neural correlates of emotion–cognition interactions: A review of
evidence from brain imaging investigations. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 23:6, 669-694. [CrossRef]
109. Thomas Straube, Andreas Sauer, Wolfgang H.R. Miltner. 2011. Brain activation during direct and indirect processing of
positive and negative words. Behavioural Brain Research 222:1, 66-72. [CrossRef]
110. Danielle Z. Bolling, Naomi B. Pitskel, Ben Deen, Michael J. Crowley, Linda C. Mayes, Kevin A. Pelphrey. 2011.
Development of neural systems for processing social exclusion from childhood to adolescence. Developmental Science no-
no. [CrossRef]
111. Katherine R. Luking, Grega Repovs, Andy C. Belden, Michael S. Gaffrey, Kelly N. Botteron, Joan L. Luby, Deanna M. Barch.
2011. Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Early-Childhood-Onset Depression. Journal of the American Academy of
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry . [CrossRef]
112. Valery I. Chirkov. 2011. Human Psychological Autonomy: Reflections on the Debates about its Understanding in Modern
Psychology. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 5:9, 609-620. [CrossRef]
113. Kathryn E. Demos, William M. Kelley, Todd F. Heatherton. 2011. Dietary Restraint Violations Influence Reward Responses
in Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23:8, 1952-1963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
[PDF Plus]
114. Izabela Mocaiber, Pandelis Perakakis, Mirtes Garcia Pereira, Walter Machado Pinheiro, Eliane Volchan, Letícia de Oliveira,
Jaime Vila. 2011. Stimulus appraisal modulates cardiac reactivity to briefly presented mutilation pictures. International
Journal of Psychophysiology . [CrossRef]
115. Véronique A. Taylor, Joshua Grant, Véronique Daneault, Geneviève Scavone, Estelle Breton, Sébastien Roffe-Vidal, Jérôme
Courtemanche, Anaïs S. Lavarenne, Mario Beauregard. 2011. Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional
pictures in experienced and beginner meditators. NeuroImage 57:4, 1524-1533. [CrossRef]
116. Simone Lang, Boris Kotchoubey, Carina Frick, Carsten Spitzer, Hans Jörgen Grabe, Sven Barnow. 2011. Cognitive
reappraisal in trauma-exposed women with borderline personality disorder. NeuroImage . [CrossRef]
117. Rebecca D. Ray, David H. Zald. 2011. Anatomical insights into the interaction of emotion and cognition in the prefrontal
cortex. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews . [CrossRef]
118. Peter Solvoll Lyby, Per M. Aslaksen, Magne Arve Flaten. 2011. Variability in placebo analgesia and the role of fear of pain
—an ERP study. PAIN . [CrossRef]
119. Dennis J. L. G. Schutter, Gennady G. Knyazev. 2011. Cross-frequency coupling of brain oscillations in studying motivation
and emotion. Motivation and Emotion . [CrossRef]
120. Evelina Haralanova, Svetlozar Haralanov, Anna Beraldi, Hans-Jürgen Möller, Kristina Hennig-Fast. 2011. Subjective
emotional over-arousal to neutral social scenes in paranoid schizophrenia. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical
Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
121. Steven Woltering, Isabela Granic, Connie Lamm, Marc David Lewis. 2011. Neural Changes Associated with Treatment
Outcome in Children with Externalizing Problems. Biological Psychiatry . [CrossRef]
122. I. Mocaiber, T.A. Sanchez, M.G. Pereira, F.S. Erthal, M. Joffily, D.B. Araujo, E. Volchan, L. de Oliveira. 2011. Antecedent
descriptions change brain reactivity to emotional stimuli: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of an extrinsic and
incidental reappraisal strategy. Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
123. Cornelia Herbert, Beate M. Herbert, Paul Pauli. 2011. Emotional self-reference: Brain structures involved in the processing
of words describing one's own emotions. Neuropsychologia . [CrossRef]
124. Tal Yarkoni, Russell A Poldrack, Thomas E Nichols, David C Van Essen, Tor D Wager. 2011. Large-scale automated
synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data. Nature Methods . [CrossRef]
125. U. Kirk, A. Harvey, P. R. Montague. 2011. Domain expertise insulates against judgment bias by monetary favors through
a modulation of ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:25, 10332-10336.
[CrossRef]
126. S. A. Coombes, D. M. Corcos, M. N. Pavuluri, D. E. Vaillancourt. 2011. Maintaining Force Control Despite Changes in
Emotional Context Engages Dorsomedial Prefrontal and Premotor Cortex. Cerebral Cortex . [CrossRef]
127. A. MacNamara, K. N. Ochsner, G. Hajcak. 2011. Previously reappraised: the lasting effect of description type on picture-
elicited electrocortical activity. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 6:3, 348-358. [CrossRef]
128. Emil F. Coccaro, Chandra Sekhar Sripada, Rachel N. Yanowitch, K. Luan Phan. 2011. Corticolimbic Function in Impulsive
Aggressive Behavior. Biological Psychiatry 69:12, 1153-1159. [CrossRef]
129. Jennifer M. DeCicco, Beylul Solomon, Tracy A. Dennis. 2011. Neural correlates of cognitive reappraisal in children: An ERP
study. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
130. James W. Murrough, Brian Iacoviello, Alexander Neumeister, Dennis S. Charney, Dan V. Iosifescu. 2011. Cognitive
dysfunction in depression: Neurocircuitry and new therapeutic strategies. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory . [CrossRef]
131. Robert J. Waldinger, Elizabeth A. Kensinger, Marc S. Schulz. 2011. Neural activity, neural connectivity, and the processing of
emotionally valenced information in older adults: links with life satisfaction. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
. [CrossRef]
132. A. Otti, H. Gündel, A. Wohlschläger, C. Zimmer, C. Sorg, M. Noll-Hussong. 2011. „Default-mode“-Netzwerk des Gehirns.
Der Nervenarzt . [CrossRef]
133. Shigeto Yamawaki, Go Okada, Yasumasa Okamoto, Israel Liberzon. 2011. Mood dysregulation and stabilization:
perspectives from emotional cognitive neuroscience. The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 1-14.
[CrossRef]
134. Annmarie MacNamara, Jamie Ferri, Greg Hajcak. 2011. Working memory load reduces the late positive potential and this
effect is attenuated with increasing anxiety. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
135. Carrie L. Masten, Eva H. Telzer, Naomi I. Eisenberger. 2011. An fMRI Investigation of Attributing Negative Social Treatment
to Racial Discrimination. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23:5, 1042-1051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
136. Tobias Melcher, Christina Born, Oliver Gruber. 2011. How negative affect influences neural control processes underlying
the resolution of cognitive interference: An event-related fMRI study. Neuroscience Research . [CrossRef]
137. Alex S. Cohen, Melissa R. Beck, Gina M. Najolia, Laura A. Brown. 2011. Affective disturbances in psychometrically defined
schizotypy across direct, but not indirect assessment modes. Schizophrenia Research 128:1-3, 136-142. [CrossRef]
138. Fabrizio Benedetti, Martina Amanzio. 2011. The placebo response: How words and rituals change the patient's brain. Patient
Education and Counseling . [CrossRef]
139. Edward Bernat, Meredith Cadwallader, Dongju Seo, Nathalie Vizueta, Christopher Patrick. 2011. Effects of
Instructed Emotion Regulation on Valence, Arousal, and Attentional Measures of Affective Processing. Developmental
Neuropsychology 36:4, 493-518. [CrossRef]
140. Aaron C. Vederman, Sara L. Weisenbach, Lisa J. Rapport, Hadia M. Leon, Brennan D. Haase, Lindsay M. Franti, Michael-
Paul Schallmo, Erika F.H. Saunders, Masoud M. Kamali, Jon-Kar Zubieta, Scott A. Langenecker, Melvin G. McInnis. 2011.
Modality-specific alterations in the perception of emotional stimuli in Bipolar Disorder compared to Healthy Controls and
Major Depressive Disorder. Cortex . [CrossRef]
141. Shelley Taylor. 2011. The Future of Social-Health Psychology: Prospects and Predictions. Social and Personality Psychology
Compass 5:5, 275-284. [CrossRef]
142. Petri Laukka, Fredrik Åhs, Tomas Furmark, Mats Fredrikson. 2011. Neurofunctional correlates of expressed vocal affect in
social phobia. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
143. Anett Gyurak, James Gross, Amit Etkin. 2011. Explicit and implicit emotion regulation: A dual-process framework. Cognition
& Emotion 25:3, 400-412. [CrossRef]
144. A. Winecoff, K. S. LaBar, D. J. Madden, R. Cabeza, S. A. Huettel. 2011. Cognitive and neural contributors to emotion
regulation in aging. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 6:2, 165-176. [CrossRef]
145. Stephan F. Taylor, Ashley C. Chen, Ivy F. Tso, Israel Liberzon, Robert C. Welsh. 2011. Social appraisal in chronic psychosis:
Role of medial frontal and occipital networks#. Journal of Psychiatric Research 45:4, 526-538. [CrossRef]
146. Naomi B. Pitskel, Danielle Z. Bolling, Martha D. Kaiser, Michael J. Crowley, Kevin A. Pelphrey. 2011. How grossed out
are you? The neural bases of emotion regulation from childhood to adolescence. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience .
[CrossRef]
147. Christopher G. Davey, Nicholas B. Allen, Ben J. Harrison, Murat Yücel. 2011. Increased Amygdala Response to Positive
Social Feedback in Young People with Major Depressive Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 69:8, 734-741. [CrossRef]
148. M. Justin Kim, Rebecca A. Loucks, Amy L. Palmer, Annemarie C. Brown, Kimberly M. Solomon, Ashley N. Marchante, Paul
J. Whalen. 2011. The structural and functional connectivity of the amygdala: From normal emotion to pathological anxiety.
Behavioural Brain Research . [CrossRef]
149. Alex S. Cohen, Gina M. Najolia, Laura A. Brown, Kyle S. Minor. 2011. The state-trait disjunction of anhedonia in
schizophrenia: Potential affective, cognitive and social-based mechanisms. Clinical Psychology Review 31:3, 440-448.
[CrossRef]
150. Pascal Vrti#ka, David Sander, Patrik Vuilleumier. 2011. Effects of emotion regulation strategy on brain responses to the
valence and social content of visual scenes. Neuropsychologia 49:5, 1067-1082. [CrossRef]
151. Marie Vandekerckhove, Jaak Panksepp. 2011. A neurocognitive theory of higher mental emergence: From anoetic affective
experiences to noetic knowledge and autonoetic awareness. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews . [CrossRef]
152. M. R. Staudinger, S. Erk, H. Walter. 2011. Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Striatal Reward Encoding during
Reappraisal of Reward Anticipation. Cerebral Cortex . [CrossRef]
153. Xuan Wang, Yue-Hua Li, Ming-Hua Li, Jing Lu, Jun-Gong Zhao, Xiao-Jiang Sun, Bin Zhang, Jian-Lin Ye. 2011. Glutamate
level detection by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with post-stroke depression. European Archives of Psychiatry
and Clinical Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
154. Lars Schulze, Gregor Domes, Alexander Krüger, Christoph Berger, Monika Fleischer, Kristin Prehn, Christian Schmahl,
Annette Grossmann, Karlheinz Hauenstein, Sabine C. Herpertz. 2011. Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in
Borderline Patients with Affective Instability. Biological Psychiatry 69:6, 564-573. [CrossRef]
155. Juana Teresa Rodríguez Sosa, Miguel Acosta Ojeda, Luciano Rodríguez Del Rosario. 2011. Teoría de la mente,
reconocimiento facial y procesamiento emocional en la esquizofrenia. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental . [CrossRef]
156. Annette B. Brühl, Michael Rufer, Aba Delsignore, Tina Kaffenberger, Lutz Jäncke, Uwe Herwig. 2011. Neural correlates of
altered general emotion processing in social anxiety disorder. Brain Research 1378, 72-83. [CrossRef]
157. Susan B. Perlman, Kevin A. Pelphrey. 2011. Developing connections for affective regulation: Age-related changes in
emotional brain connectivity. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 108:3, 607-620. [CrossRef]
158. Todd F. Heatherton, Dylan D. Wagner. 2011. Cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation failure. Trends in Cognitive Sciences
15:3, 132-139. [CrossRef]
159. Nicole R. Giuliani, Emily M. Drabant, James J. Gross. 2011. Anterior cingulate cortex volume and emotion regulation: Is
bigger better?. Biological Psychology 86:3, 379-382. [CrossRef]
160. Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt, Chris Baeken, Marianne Hendricks, Rudi De Raedt. 2011. The effects of high frequency rTMS
on negative attentional bias are influenced by baseline state anxiety. Neuropsychologia . [CrossRef]
161. J. Y. Lau, J. C. Britton, E. E. Nelson, A. Angold, M. Ernst, M. Goldwin, C. Grillon, E. Leibenluft, S. Lissek, M. Norcross, N.
Shiffrin, D. S. Pine. 2011. Distinct neural signatures of threat learning in adolescents and adults. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences . [CrossRef]
162. N. E. Makarchouk, K. Yu. Maksimovich, V. I. Kravchenko, S. A. Kryzhanovskii. 2011. Modifications of EEG Activity
Related to Perception of Emotionally Colored, Erotic, and Neutral Pictures in Women during Different Phases of the Ovulatory
(Menstrual) Cycle. Neurophysiology . [CrossRef]
163. Ulrike Lueken, Johann Daniel Kruschwitz, Markus Muehlhan, Jens Siegert, Jürgen Hoyer, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. 2011. How
specific is specific phobia? Different neural response patterns in two subtypes of specific phobia. NeuroImage . [CrossRef]
164. Iole Indovina, Trevor W. Robbins, Anwar O. Núñez-Elizalde, Barnaby D. Dunn, Sonia J. Bishop. 2011. Fear-Conditioning
Mechanisms Associated with Trait Vulnerability to Anxiety in Humans. Neuron 69:3, 563-571. [CrossRef]
165. Derek G.V. Mitchell. 2011. The nexus between decision making and emotion regulation: A review of convergent
neurocognitive substrates. Behavioural Brain Research 217:1, 215-231. [CrossRef]
166. Wencai Zhang, Shaozheng Qin, Jianyou Guo, Jing Luo. 2011. A follow-up fMRI study of a transferable placebo anxiolytic
effect. Psychophysiology no-no. [CrossRef]
167. Dean Sabatinelli, Erica E. Fortune, Qingyang Li, Aisha Siddiqui, Cynthia Krafft, William T. Oliver, Stefanie Beck, Joshua
Jeffries. 2011. Emotional perception: Meta-analyses of face and natural scene processing. NeuroImage 54:3, 2524-2533.
[CrossRef]
168. I. Weissman-Fogel, M. Moayedi, H.C. Tenenbaum, M.B. Goldberg, B.V. Freeman, K.D. Davis. 2011. Abnormal cortical
activity in patients with temporomandibular disorder evoked by cognitive and emotional tasks. PAIN 152:2, 384-396.
[CrossRef]
169. Ravi Thiruchselvam, Jens Blechert, Gal Sheppes, Anders Rydstrom, James J. Gross. 2011. The temporal dynamics of emotion
regulation: An EEG study of distraction and reappraisal. Biological Psychology . [CrossRef]
170. Javier Quintana, Junghee Lee, Michael Marcus, Kimmy Kee, Tiffany Wong, Armen Yerevanian. 2011. Brain dysfunctions
during facial discrimination in schizophrenia: Selective association to affect decoding. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
191:1, 44-50. [CrossRef]
171. Esther K. Diekhof, Hanne E. Kipshagen, Peter Falkai, Peter Dechent, Jürgen Baudewig, Oliver Gruber. 2011. The power
of imagination — How anticipatory mental imagery alters perceptual processing of fearful facial expressions. NeuroImage
54:2, 1703-1714. [CrossRef]
172. Manjie Wang, Kimberly J. Saudino. 2011. Emotion Regulation and Stress. Journal of Adult Development . [CrossRef]
173. Todd F. Heatherton. 2011. Neuroscience of Self and Self-Regulation. Annual Review of Psychology 62:1, 363-390. [CrossRef]
174. Marvin M. Chun, Julie D. Golomb, Nicholas B. Turk-Browne. 2011. A Taxonomy of External and Internal Attention. Annual
Review of Psychology 62:1, 73-101. [CrossRef]
175. Laura Campbell-Sills, Alan N. Simmons, Kathryn L. Lovero, Alexis A. Rochlin, Martin P. Paulus, Murray B. Stein. 2011.
Functioning of neural systems supporting emotion regulation in anxiety-prone individuals. NeuroImage 54:1, 689-696.
[CrossRef]
176. Jutta Joormann, Matthias Siemer. 2011. Affective Processing and Emotion Regulation in Dysphoria and Depression:
Cognitive Biases and Deficits in Cognitive Control. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 5:1, 13-28. [CrossRef]
177. Tabitha Kirkland, William A. Cunningham. 2011. Neural basis of affect and emotion. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews:
Cognitive Science n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
178. Antje von Suchodoletz, Anja Achtziger. 2011. Intentions and Their Limits. Social Psychology 42:1, 85-92. [CrossRef]
179. Susanne Leiberg, Falk Eippert, Ralf Veit, Silke Anders. 2011. Intentional social distance regulation alters affective responses
towards victims of violence: An FMRI study. Human Brain Mapping n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
180. Andrea L. Barrocas, Jessica L. Jenness, Tchikima S. Davis, Caroline W. Oppenheimer, Jessica R. Technow, Lauren D. Gulley,
Lisa S. Badanes, Benjamin L. HankinDevelopmental perspectives on vulnerability to nonsuicidal self-injury in youth 40,
301-336. [CrossRef]
181. Brian Healy, Aaron Treadwell, Mandy Reagan. 2011. Measures of RSA Suppression, Attentional Control, and Negative
Affect Predict Self-Ratings of Executive Functions. Journal of Psychophysiology 25:4, 164-173. [CrossRef]
182. William Ickes, Wen Cheng. 2011. How do thoughts differ from feelings? Putting the differences into words. Language and
Cognitive Processes 26:1, 1-23. [CrossRef]
183. J. M. Carlson, T. Greenberg, D. Rubin, L. R. Mujica-Parodi. 2011. Feeling anxious: anticipatory amygdalo-insular response
predicts the feeling of anxious anticipation. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 6:1, 74-81. [CrossRef]
184. Juana Teresa Rodríguez Sosa, Miguel Acosta Ojeda, Luciano Rodríguez del Rosario. 2011. Theory of mind, facial recognition
and emotional processing in schizophrenia. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition) 4:1, 28-37. [CrossRef]
185. Liselotte Gootjes, Ingmar H. A. Franken, Jan W. Van Strien. 2011. Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Yogic Meditative
Practitioners. Journal of Psychophysiology 25:2, 87-94. [CrossRef]
186. Alberto Chiesa, Peter Malinowski. 2011. Mindfulness-based approaches: are they all the same?. Journal of Clinical
Psychology n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
187. Ruth A. Lanius, Paul A. Frewen, Eric Vermetten, Rachel Yehuda. 2010. Fear conditioning and early life vulnerabilities: two
distinct pathways of emotional dysregulation and brain dysfunction in PTSD. European Journal of Psychotraumatology 1:0. .
[CrossRef]
188. Floris Klumpers, Mathijs A.H.L. Raemaekers, Amber N.V. Ruigrok, Erno J. Hermans, J. Leon Kenemans, Johanna M.P. Baas.
2010. Prefrontal Mechanisms of Fear Reduction After Threat Offset. Biological Psychiatry 68:11, 1031-1038. [CrossRef]
189. M. J. Kim, D. G. Gee, R. A. Loucks, F. C. Davis, P. J. Whalen. 2010. Anxiety Dissociates Dorsal and Ventral Medial Prefrontal
Cortex Functional Connectivity with the Amygdala at Rest. Cerebral Cortex . [CrossRef]
190. Martin J. Herrmann, Stefanie C. Biehl, Christian Jacob, Jürgen Deckert. 2010. Neurobiological and psychophysiological
correlates of emotional dysregulation in ADHD patients. ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders 2:4, 233-239.
[CrossRef]
191. Matthew King, Arlene MacDougall, Shelley Ferris, Brian Levine, Glenda MacQueen, Margaret McKinnon. 2010. A review
of factors that moderate autobiographical memory performance in patients with major depressive disorder. Journal of Clinical
and Experimental Neuropsychology 32:10, 1122-1144. [CrossRef]
192. B. Deen, N. B. Pitskel, K. A. Pelphrey. 2010. Three Systems of Insular Functional Connectivity Identified with Cluster
Analysis. Cerebral Cortex . [CrossRef]
193. P. Kanske, J. Heissler, S. Schonfelder, A. Bongers, M. Wessa. 2010. How to Regulate Emotion? Neural Networks for
Reappraisal and Distraction. Cerebral Cortex . [CrossRef]
194. Maryanne Martin, Iana Alexeeva. 2010. Mood volatility with rumination but neither attentional nor interpretation biases in
chronic fatigue syndrome. British Journal of Health Psychology 15:4, 779-796. [CrossRef]
195. Dina M. Schardt, Susanne Erk, Corinna Nüsser, Markus M. Nöthen, Sven Cichon, Marcella Rietschel, Jens Treutlein,
Thomas Goschke, Henrik Walter. 2010. Volition diminishes genetically mediated amygdala hyperreactivity. NeuroImage
53:3, 943-951. [CrossRef]
196. Alysia Y. Blandon, Susan D. Calkins, Kevin J. Grimm, Susan P. Keane, Marion O'Brien. 2010. Testing a developmental
cascade model of emotional and social competence and early peer acceptance. Development and Psychopathology 22:04,
737-748. [CrossRef]
197. TALAR HOPYAN, SUZANNE LAUGHLIN, MAUREEN DENNIS. 2010. Emotions and Their Cognitive Control in
Children With Cerebellar Tumors. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 16:06, 1027-1038. [CrossRef]
198. Tomasz Gos, Dieter Krell, Hendrik Bielau, Johann Steiner, Christian Mawrin, Kurt Trübner, Ralf Brisch, Hans-Gert Bernstein,
Zbigniew Jankowski, Bernhard Bogerts. 2010. Demonstration of disturbed activity of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus
projection neurons in depressed patients by the AgNOR staining method. Journal of Affective Disorders 126:3, 402-410.
[CrossRef]
199. Susan B. Perlman, Kevin A. Pelphrey. 2010. Regulatory brain development: Balancing emotion and cognition. Social
Neuroscience 5:5-6, 533-542. [CrossRef]
200. Abigail A. Baird, Shari H. Silver, Heather B. Veague. 2010. Cognitive control reduces sensitivity to relational aggression
among adolescent girls. Social Neuroscience 5:5-6, 519-532. [CrossRef]
201. Maureen Ritchey, Florin Dolcos, Kari M. Eddington, Timothy J. Strauman, Roberto Cabeza. 2010. Neural correlates of
emotional processing in depression: Changes with cognitive behavioral therapy and predictors of treatment response. Journal
of Psychiatric Research . [CrossRef]
202. Jordynn Jack, L. Gregory Appelbaum. 2010. “This is Your Brain on Rhetoric”: Research Directions for Neurorhetorics.
Rhetoric Society Quarterly 40:5, 411-437. [CrossRef]
203. C. Herbert, P. Pauli, B. M. Herbert. 2010. Self-reference modulates the processing of emotional stimuli in the absence of
explicit self-referential appraisal instructions. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
204. Jutta Joormann, Catherine D'Avanzato. 2010. Emotion regulation in depression: Examining the role of cognitive processes.
Cognition & Emotion 24:6, 913-939. [CrossRef]
205. G. Hajcak, B.S. Anderson, A. Arana, J. Borckardt, I. Takacs, M.S. George, Z. Nahas. 2010. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
stimulation modulates electrocortical measures of visual attention: evidence from direct bilateral epidural cortical stimulation
in treatment-resistant mood disorder. Neuroscience 170:1, 281-288. [CrossRef]
206. A. Otti, H. Guendel, L. Läer, A.M. Wohlschlaeger, R.D. Lane, J. Decety, C. Zimmer, P. Henningsen, M. Noll-Hussong. 2010.
I know the pain you feel—how the human brain's default mode predicts our resonance to another's suffering. Neuroscience
169:1, 143-148. [CrossRef]
207. Predrag Petrovic, Eija Kalso, Karl Magnus Petersson, Jesper Andersson, Peter Fransson, Martin Ingvar. 2010. A prefrontal
non-opioid mechanism in placebo analgesia. PAIN 150:1, 59-65. [CrossRef]
208. Peter A. Wyman, Wendi Cross, C. Hendricks Brown, Qin Yu, Xin Tu, Shirley Eberly. 2010. Intervention to Strengthen
Emotional Self-Regulation in Children with Emerging Mental Health Problems: Proximal Impact on School Behavior. Journal
of Abnormal Child Psychology 38:5, 707-720. [CrossRef]
209. Jennifer C. Britton, S. Evelyn Stewart, William D.S. Killgore, Isabelle M. Rosso, Lauren M. Price, Andrea L. Gold, Daniel
S. Pine, Sabine Wilhelm, Michael A. Jenike, Scott L. Rauch. 2010. Amygdala activation in response to facial expressions in
pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. Depression and Anxiety 27:7, 643-651. [CrossRef]
210. Philipp C. Opitz, Lindsay C. Rauch, Douglas P. Terry, Heather L. Urry. 2010. Prefrontal mediation of age differences in
cognitive reappraisal. Neurobiology of Aging . [CrossRef]
211. Rosemary King, Alexandre Schaefer. 2010. The emotional startle effect is disrupted by a concurrent working memory task.
Psychophysiology no-no. [CrossRef]
212. M. R. Weierich, E. A. Kensinger, A. H. Munnell, S. A. Sass, B. C. Dickerson, C. I. Wright, L. F. Barrett. 2010. Older and
wiser? An affective science perspective on age-related challenges in financial decision making. Social Cognitive and Affective
Neuroscience . [CrossRef]
213. Christopher G. Beevers, Alissa J. Ellis, Ryan M. Reid. 2010. Heart Rate Variability Predicts Cognitive Reactivity to a Sad
Mood Provocation. Cognitive Therapy and Research . [CrossRef]
214. Daniel L. Ames, Susan T. Fiske. 2010. Cultural neuroscience. Asian Journal of Social Psychology 13:2, 72-82. [CrossRef]
215. Daniela Schiller, Mauricio R. Delgado. 2010. Overlapping neural systems mediating extinction, reversal and regulation of
fear. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 14:6, 268-276. [CrossRef]
216. A. Anticevic, G. Repovs, D. M. Barch. 2010. Resisting emotional interference: Brain regions facilitating working memory
performance during negative distraction. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 10:2, 159-173. [CrossRef]
217. Alberto Chiesa, Paolo Brambilla, Alessandro Serretti. 2010. Functional neural correlates of mindfulness meditations in
comparison with psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and placebo effect. Is there a link?. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 22:3, 104-117.
[CrossRef]
218. Izabela Mocaiber, Mirtes Garcia Pereira, Fátima Smith Erthal, Walter Machado-Pinheiro, Isabel A. David, Maurício Cagy,
Eliane Volchan, Letícia de Oliveira. 2010. Fact or fiction? An event-related potential study of implicit emotion regulation.
Neuroscience Letters 476:2, 84-88. [CrossRef]
219. Jean Decety, Stephanie Echols, Joshua Correll. 2010. The Blame Game: The Effect of Responsibility and Social Stigma on
Empathy for Pain. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22:5, 985-997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
220. Vladimir Miskovic, Louis A. Schmidt, Katholiki Georgiades, Michael Boyle, Harriet L. Macmillan. 2010. Adolescent females
exposed to child maltreatment exhibit atypical EEG coherence and psychiatric impairment: Linking early adversity, the brain,
and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology 22:02, 419. [CrossRef]
221. Harold W. Koenigsberg, Jin Fan, Kevin N. Ochsner, Xun Liu, Kevin Guise, Scott Pizzarello, Christine Dorantes, Lucia Tecuta,
Stephanie Guerreri, Marianne Goodman. 2010. Neural correlates of using distancing to regulate emotional responses to social
situations. Neuropsychologia 48:6, 1813-1822. [CrossRef]
222. Gregor Domes, Lars Schulze, Moritz Böttger, Annette Grossmann, Karlheinz Hauenstein, Petra H. Wirtz, Markus Heinrichs,
Sabine C. Herpertz. 2010. The neural correlates of sex differences in emotional reactivity and emotion regulation. Human
Brain Mapping 31:5, 758-769. [CrossRef]
223. Tyler E. Owens, Mark D. Allen, Diane L. Spangler. 2010. An fMRI study of self-reflection about body image: Sex differences.
Personality and Individual Differences 48:7, 849-854. [CrossRef]
224. K. A. Barchard, J. Bajgar, D. E. Leaf, R. D. Lane. 2010. Computer scoring of the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale.
Behavior Research Methods 42:2, 586-595. [CrossRef]
225. G. S. Dichter, C. Bellion, M. Casp, A. Belger. 2010. Impaired Modulation of Attention and Emotion in Schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia Bulletin 36:3, 595-606. [CrossRef]
226. Kristine A. GirardWorking with Parents and Families of Young Adults 179-202. [CrossRef]
227. Lukas Van Oudenhove, Joris Vandenberghe, Patrick Dupont, Brecht Geeraerts, Rita Vos, Stijn Dirix, Guy Bormans,
Dominique Vanderghinste, Koen Van Laere, Koen Demyttenaere, Benjamin Fischler, Jan Tack. 2010. Abnormal Regional
Brain Activity During Rest and (Anticipated) Gastric Distension in Functional Dyspepsia and the Role of Anxiety: A H215O-
PET Study. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 105:4, 913-924. [CrossRef]
228. James L. Abelson, Samir Khan, Elizabeth A. Young, Israel Liberzon. 2010. Cognitive modulation of endocrine responses to
CRH stimulation in healthy subjects. Psychoneuroendocrinology 35:3, 451-459. [CrossRef]
229. Yuwen Hung, Mary Lou Smith, Dimitri J. Bayle, Travis Mills, Douglas Cheyne, Margot J. Taylor. 2010. Unattended
emotional faces elicit early lateralized amygdala–frontal and fusiform activations. NeuroImage 50:2, 727-733. [CrossRef]
230. C. G. Beevers, J. Pacheco, P. Clasen, J. E. McGeary, D. Schnyer. 2010. Prefrontal morphology, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism
and biased attention for emotional stimuli. Genes, Brain and Behavior 9:2, 224-233. [CrossRef]
231. A. Barros-Loscertales, N. Ventura-Campos, A. Sanjuan-Tomas, V. Belloch, M.-A. Parcet, C. Avila. 2010. Behavioral
activation system modulation on brain activation during appetitive and aversive stimulus processing. Social Cognitive and
Affective Neuroscience 5:1, 18-28. [CrossRef]
232. Josh M. Cisler, Bunmi O. Olatunji, Matthew T. Feldner, John P. Forsyth. 2010. Emotion Regulation and the Anxiety Disorders:
An Integrative Review. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 32:1, 68-82. [CrossRef]
233. Christine I. Hooker, Anett Gyurak, Sara C. Verosky, Asako Miyakawa, Özlem Ayduk. 2010. Neural Activity to a Partner's
Facial Expression Predicts Self-Regulation After Conflict. Biological Psychiatry 67:5, 406-413. [CrossRef]
234. Tracy Dennis. 2010. Neurophysiological Markers for Child Emotion Regulation From the Perspective of Emotion-Cognition
Integration: Current Directions and Future Challenges. Developmental Neuropsychology 35:2, 212-230. [CrossRef]
235. Greg Hajcak, Annmarie MacNamara, Doreen Olvet. 2010. Event-Related Potentials, Emotion, and Emotion Regulation: An
Integrative Review. Developmental Neuropsychology 35:2, 129-155. [CrossRef]
236. Kateri McRae, Brent Hughes, Sita Chopra, John D. E. Gabrieli, James J. Gross, Kevin N. Ochsner. 2010. The Neural Bases
of Distraction and Reappraisal. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22:2, 248-262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
237. Jutta Joormann, Ian Gotlib. 2010. Emotion regulation in depression: Relation to cognitive inhibition. Cognition & Emotion
24:2, 281-298. [CrossRef]
238. Lisa M Shin, Israel Liberzon. 2010. The Neurocircuitry of Fear, Stress, and Anxiety Disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology
35:1, 169-191. [CrossRef]
239. Hai-Bao Wang, Ning Ma, Yong-Qiang Yu, Ye-Rong Chen, Kai Wang, Da-Ren Zhang. 2010. Is the contribution of the
amygdala to the sex- and enhancement-related effects of emotional memory time-dependent?. Neurobiology of Learning and
Memory 93:1, 1-7. [CrossRef]
240. Jennifer C. Britton, Shmuel Lissek, Christian Grillon, Maxine A. Norcross, Daniel S. Pine. 2010. Development of anxiety:
the role of threat appraisal and fear learning. Depression and Anxiety n/a-n/a. [CrossRef]
241. A. Kraus, G. Valerius, E. Seifritz, M. Ruf, J. D. Bremner, M. Bohus, C. Schmahl. 2010. Script-driven imagery of self-injurious
behavior in patients with borderline personality disorder: a pilot FMRI study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 121:1, 41-51.
[CrossRef]
242. Wei Si, Leah Aluisio, Naoe Okamura, Stewart D. Clark, Ian Fraser, Steven W. Sutton, Pascal Bonaventure, Rainer K.
Reinscheid. 2010. Neuropeptide S stimulates dopaminergic neurotransmission in the medial prefrontal cortex : NPS stimulates
dopamine release in the mPFC. Journal of Neurochemistry 115:2, 475. [CrossRef]
243. Christian E. Waugh, J. Paul Hamilton, Ian H. Gotlib. 2010. The neural temporal dynamics of the intensity of emotional
experience. NeuroImage 49:2, 1699-1707. [CrossRef]
244. Hani D. Freeman, Jennifer S. Beer. 2010. Frontal Lobe Activation Mediates the Relation Between Sensation Seeking and
Cortisol Increases : Sensation Seeking, Cortisol, and Brain. Journal of Personality 78:5, 1497. [CrossRef]
245. Paul A. Frewen, Ruth A. Lanius. 2010. Non-Idiographic Emotional Script-Driven Imagery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology 218:2, 89-95. [CrossRef]
246. Evi De Lissnyder, Nazanin Derakshan, Rudi De Raedt, Ernst Koster. 2010. Depressive symptoms and cognitive control in a
mixed antisaccade task: Specific effects of depressive rumination. Cognition & Emotion 1-12. [CrossRef]
247. Catherine A Hartley, Elizabeth A Phelps. 2010. Changing Fear: The Neurocircuitry of Emotion Regulation.
Neuropsychopharmacology 35:1, 136-146. [CrossRef]
248. Sandra J. E. Langeslag, Jan W. Van Strien. 2010. Comparable Modulation of the Late Positive Potential by Emotion
Regulation in Younger and Older Adults. Journal of Psychophysiology 24:3, 186-197. [CrossRef]
249. Kristiina Kompus, Kenneth Hugdahl, Arne Öhman, Petter Marklund, Lars Nyberg. 2009. Distinct control networks for
cognition and emotion in the prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience Letters 467:2, 76-80. [CrossRef]
250. Philippe R. Goldin, Tali Manber-Ball, Kelly Werner, Richard Heimberg, James J. Gross. 2009. Neural Mechanisms
of Cognitive Reappraisal of Negative Self-Beliefs in Social Anxiety Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 66:12, 1091-1099.
[CrossRef]
251. Glen O. Gabbard, Valdesha L. Ball. 2009. Physical and Medical Dimensions of Borderline Personality Disorder and the Effect
of Treatment. Psychiatric Annals 39:12, 997-1003. [CrossRef]
252. M.M.A. Nielen, D.J. Heslenfeld, K. Heinen, J.W. Van Strien, M.P. Witter, C. Jonker, D.J. Veltman. 2009. Distinct brain
systems underlie the processing of valence and arousal of affective pictures. Brain and Cognition 71:3, 387-396. [CrossRef]
253. ARNE ÃHMAN. 2009. Of snakes and faces: An evolutionary perspective on the psychology of fear. Scandinavian Journal
of Psychology 50:6, 543-552. [CrossRef]
254. Amanda K.Y. Mak, Zhi-guo Hu, John X.X. Zhang, Zhuangwei Xiao, Tatia M.C. Lee. 2009. Sex-related differences in neural
activity during emotion regulation. Neuropsychologia 47:13, 2900-2908. [CrossRef]
255. David R. Roalf, Trisha A. Pruis, Alexander A. Stevens, Jeri S. Janowsky. 2009. More is less: Emotion induced prefrontal
cortex activity habituates in aging. Neurobiology of Aging . [CrossRef]
256. James H. Dulebohn, Donald E. Conlon, Issidoros Sarinopoulos, Robert B. Davison, Gerry McNamara. 2009. The biological
bases of unfairness: Neuroimaging evidence for the distinctiveness of procedural and distributive justice. Organizational
Behavior and Human Decision Processes 110:2, 140-151. [CrossRef]
257. Constant D. Beugré. 2009. Exploring the neural basis of fairness: A model of neuro-organizational justice. Organizational
Behavior and Human Decision Processes 110:2, 129-139. [CrossRef]
258. Harold W. Koenigsberg, Jin Fan, Kevin N. Ochsner, Xun Liu, Kevin G. Guise, Scott Pizzarello, Christine Dorantes,
Stephanie Guerreri, Lucia Tecuta, Marianne Goodman, Antonia New, Larry J. Siever. 2009. Neural Correlates of the Use of
Psychological Distancing to Regulate Responses to Negative Social Cues: A Study of Patients with Borderline Personality
Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 66:9, 854-863. [CrossRef]
259. T. Canli, J. Ferri, E.A. Duman. 2009. Genetics of emotion regulation. Neuroscience 164:1, 43-54. [CrossRef]
260. Ksenija Marinkovic, Marlene Oscar-Berman, Trinity Urban, Cara E. O’Reilly, Julie A. Howard, Kayle Sawyer, Gordon
J. Harris. 2009. Alcoholism and Dampened Temporal Limbic Activation to Emotional Faces. Alcoholism: Clinical and
Experimental Research 33:11, 1880-1892. [CrossRef]
261. S. Anders, F. Eippert, S. Wiens, N. Birbaumer, M. Lotze, D. Wildgruber. 2009. When seeing outweighs feeling: a role for
prefrontal cortex in passive control of negative affect in blindsight. Brain 132:11, 3021-3031. [CrossRef]
262. Tomasz Gos, Dieter Krell, Hendrik Bielau, Johann Steiner, Christian Mawrin, Kurt Trübner, Ralf Brisch, Hans-Gert Bernstein,
Zbigniew Jankowski, Bernhard Bogerts. 2009. Demonstration of disturbed activity of orbitofrontal pyramidal neurons in
depressed patients by the AgNOR staining method. Journal of Affective Disorders 118:1-3, 131-138. [CrossRef]
263. Tracy A. Dennis, Greg Hajcak. 2009. The late positive potential: a neurophysiological marker for emotion regulation in
children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 50:11, 1373-1383. [CrossRef]
264. P. M. Fisher, C. C. Meltzer, J. C. Price, R. L. Coleman, S. K. Ziolko, C. Becker, E. L. Moses-Kolko, S. L. Berga, A. R.
Hariri. 2009. Medial Prefrontal Cortex 5-HT2A Density Is Correlated with Amygdala Reactivity, Response Habituation, and
Functional Coupling. Cerebral Cortex 19:11, 2499-2507. [CrossRef]
265. William A. Cunningham, Jay J. Van BavelA Neural Analysis of Intergroup Perception and Evaluation . [CrossRef]
266. Anne C. Krendl, Todd F. HeathertonSelf versus Others/Self-Regulation . [CrossRef]
267. Ralph Adolphs, Michael MinzenbergSocial Cognition . [CrossRef]
268. Shigeo Miyata, Shoko Hirano, Masahiro Ohsawa, Junzo Kamei. 2009. Chlorpheniramine exerts anxiolytic-like effects and
activates prefrontal 5-HT systems in mice. Psychopharmacology . [CrossRef]
269. Amanda K.Y. Mak, Michael M.C. Wong, Shi-hui Han, Tatia M.C. Lee. 2009. Gray matter reduction associated with emotion
regulation in female outpatients with major depressive disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study. Progress in Neuro-
Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 33:7, 1184-1190. [CrossRef]
270. Antonia S. New, Jin Fan, James W. Murrough, Xun Liu, Rachel E. Liebman, Kevin G. Guise, Cheuk Y. Tang, Dennis
S. Charney. 2009. A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Deliberate Emotion Regulation in Resilience and
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 66:7, 656-664. [CrossRef]
271. Roland Zahn. 2009. The Role of Neuroimaging in Translational Cognitive Neuroscience. Topics in Magnetic Resonance
Imaging 20:5, 279-289. [CrossRef]
272. Heather L. Urry, Carien M. van Reekum, Tom Johnstone, Richard J. Davidson. 2009. Individual differences in some (but
not all) medial prefrontal regions reflect cognitive demand while regulating unpleasant emotion. NeuroImage 47:3, 852-863.
[CrossRef]
273. Steven Woltering, Marc D. Lewis. 2009. Developmental Pathways of Emotion Regulation in Childhood: A
Neuropsychological Perspective. Mind, Brain, and Education 3:3, 160-169. [CrossRef]
274. Anthony P. King, James L. Abelson, Jennifer C. Britton, K. Luan Phan, Stephan F. Taylor, Israel Liberzon. 2009. Medial
prefrontal cortex and right insula activity predict plasma ACTH response to trauma recall. NeuroImage 47:3, 872-880.
[CrossRef]
275. Hideki Ohira, Seisuke Fukuyama, Kenta Kimura, Michio Nomura, Tokiko Isowa, Naho Ichikawa, Masahiro Matsunaga,
Jun Shinoda, Jitsuhiro Yamada. 2009. Regulation of natural killer cell redistribution by prefrontal cortex during stochastic
learning. NeuroImage 47:3, 897-907. [CrossRef]
276. Michael Koenigs, Jordan Grafman. 2009. The functional neuroanatomy of depression: Distinct roles for ventromedial and
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Behavioural Brain Research 201:2, 239-243. [CrossRef]
277. Richard Chambers, Eleonora Gullone, Nicholas B. Allen. 2009. Mindful emotion regulation: An integrative review. Clinical
Psychology Review 29:6, 560-572. [CrossRef]
278. T DENSON. 2009. Trait displaced aggression and psychopathy differentially moderate the effects of acute alcohol intoxication
and rumination on triggered displaced aggression. Journal of Research in Personality 43:4, 673-681. [CrossRef]
279. Markus R. Staudinger, Susanne Erk, Birgit Abler, Henrik Walter. 2009. Cognitive reappraisal modulates expected value and
prediction error encoding in the ventral striatum. NeuroImage 47:2, 713-721. [CrossRef]
280. Jason Winters, Kalina Christoff, Boris Gorzalka. 2009. Conscious Regulation of Sexual Arousal in Men. Journal of Sex
Research 46:4, 330-343. [CrossRef]
281. Elliot T. Berkman, Matthew D. Lieberman. 2009. Using Neuroscience to Broaden Emotion Regulation: Theoretical and
Methodological Considerations. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 3:4, 475-493. [CrossRef]
282. Madeline Carrig, Gregory Kolden, Timothy Strauman. 2009. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in psychotherapy
research: A brief introduction to concepts, methods, and task selection. Psychotherapy Research 19:4, 409-417. [CrossRef]
283. Amanda K.Y. Mak, Zhi-guo Hu, John X. Zhang, Zhuang-wei Xiao, Tatia M.C. Lee. 2009. Neural correlates of regulation of
positive and negative emotions: An fMRI study. Neuroscience Letters 457:2, 101-106. [CrossRef]
284. Karen Johanne Pallesen, Elvira Brattico, Christopher J. Bailey, Antti Korvenoja, Albert Gjedde. 2009. Cognitive and
Emotional Modulation of Brain Default Operation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21:6, 1065-1080. [Abstract] [Full Text]
[PDF] [PDF Plus]
285. A. Gyurak, M. S. Goodkind, A. Madan, J. H. Kramer, B. L. Miller, R. W. Levenson. 2009. Do tests of executive functioning
predict ability to downregulate emotions spontaneously and when instructed to suppress?. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral
Neuroscience 9:2, 144-152. [CrossRef]
286. Sarah N. Garfinkel, Israel Liberzon. 2009. Neurobiology of PTSD: A Review of Neuroimaging Findings. Psychiatric Annals
39:6, 370-381. [CrossRef]
287. Tonio Ball, Johanna Derix, Johanna Wentlandt, Birgit Wieckhorst, Oliver Speck, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Isabella
Mutschler. 2009. Anatomical specificity of functional amygdala imaging of responses to stimuli with positive and negative
emotional valence. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 180:1, 57-70. [CrossRef]
288. Stefan G. Hofmann, Sanna Heering, Alice T. Sawyer, Anu Asnaani. 2009. How to handle anxiety: The effects of reappraisal,
acceptance, and suppression strategies on anxious arousal. Behaviour Research and Therapy 47:5, 389-394. [CrossRef]
289. Marie T. Banich, Kristen L. Mackiewicz, Brendan E. Depue, Anson J. Whitmer, Gregory A. Miller, Wendy Heller.
2009. Cognitive control mechanisms, emotion and memory: A neural perspective with implications for psychopathology.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 33:5, 613-630. [CrossRef]
290. Sara M. Levens, Ian H. Gotlib. 2009. Impaired selection of relevant positive information in depression. Depression and
Anxiety 26:5, 403-410. [CrossRef]
291. Anja Kraus, Fabrizio Esposito, Erich Seifritz, Francesco Di Salle, Matthias Ruf, Gabriele Valerius, Petra Ludaescher, Martin
Bohus, Christian Schmahl. 2009. Amygdala Deactivation as a Neural Correlate of Pain Processing in Patients with Borderline
Personality Disorder and Co-Occurrent Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 65:9, 819-822. [CrossRef]
292. Abigail A. Marsh, Karina S. Blair, Matthew M. Jones, Niveen Soliman, R. J. R. Blair. 2009. Dominance and Submission: The
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Responses to Status Cues. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21:4, 713-724. [Abstract]
[Full Text] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
293. Thomas F. Denson, William C. Pedersen, Jaclyn Ronquillo, Anirvan S. Nandy. 2009. The Angry Brain: Neural Correlates of
Anger, Angry Rumination, and Aggressive Personality. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21:4, 734-744. [Abstract] [Full
Text] [PDF] [PDF Plus]
294. 2009. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Headache Patients: Implications for Treatment. Headache: The Journal of Head and
Face Pain 49:4, 552-554. [CrossRef]
295. Brian Toomey, Bruce Ecker. 2009. Competing Visions of the Implications of Neuroscience for Psychotherapy. Journal of
Constructivist Psychology 22:2, 95-140. [CrossRef]
296. David Driscoll, Daniel Tranel, Steven W. Anderson. 2009. The effects of voluntary regulation of positive and negative emotion
on psychophysiological responsiveness. International Journal of Psychophysiology 72:1, 61-66. [CrossRef]
297. R. J. R. Blair, D. G. V. Mitchell. 2009. Psychopathy, attention and emotion. Psychological Medicine 39:04, 543. [CrossRef]
298. P. Sokol-Hessner, M. Hsu, N. G. Curley, M. R. Delgado, C. F. Camerer, E. A. Phelps. 2009. Thinking like a trader selectively
reduces individuals' loss aversion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:13, 5035-5040. [CrossRef]
299. Frank Van Overwalle. 2009. Social cognition and the brain: A meta-analysis. Human Brain Mapping 30:3, 829-858.
[CrossRef]
300. Emily M. Drabant, Kateri McRae, Stephen B. Manuck, Ahmad R. Hariri, James J. Gross. 2009. Individual Differences in
Typical Reappraisal Use Predict Amygdala and Prefrontal Responses. Biological Psychiatry 65:5, 367-373. [CrossRef]
301. Ethan Kross, Matthew Davidson, Jochen Weber, Kevin Ochsner. 2009. Coping with Emotions Past: The Neural Bases of
Regulating Affect Associated with Negative Autobiographical Memories. Biological Psychiatry 65:5, 361-366. [CrossRef]
302. Jonathan Posner, James A. Russell, Andrew Gerber, Daniel Gorman, Tiziano Colibazzi, Shan Yu, Zhishun Wang, Alayar
Kangarlu, Hongtu Zhu, Bradley S. Peterson. 2009. The neurophysiological bases of emotion: An fMRI study of the affective
circumplex using emotion-denoting words. Human Brain Mapping 30:3, 883-895. [CrossRef]
303. Bruce E. Compas. 2009. Coping, regulation, and development during childhood and adolescence. New Directions for Child
and Adolescent Development 2009:124, 87-99. [CrossRef]
304. Y. I. Sheline, D. M. Barch, J. L. Price, M. M. Rundle, S. N. Vaishnavi, A. Z. Snyder, M. A. Mintun, S. Wang, R. S. Coalson,
M. E. Raichle. 2009. The default mode network and self-referential processes in depression. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences 106:6, 1942-1947. [CrossRef]
305. S Saxena, E Gorbis, J O'Neill, S K Baker, M A Mandelkern, K M Maidment, S Chang, N Salamon, A L Brody, J M Schwartz,
E D London. 2009. Rapid effects of brief intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy on brain glucose metabolism in obsessive-
compulsive disorder. Molecular Psychiatry 14:2, 197-205. [CrossRef]
306. J SUH, D LANGLEBEN, R EHRMAN, J HAKUN, Z WANG, Y LI, S BUSCH, C OBRIEN, A CHILDRESS. 2009. Low
prefrontal perfusion linked to depression symptoms in methadone-maintained opiate-dependent patients. Drug and Alcohol
Dependence 99:1-3, 11-17. [CrossRef]
307. Jonathan P. Dunning, Greg Hajcak. 2009. See no evil: Directing visual attention within unpleasant images modulates the
electrocortical response. Psychophysiology 46:1, 28-33. [CrossRef]
308. Weiting Ng, Ed Diener. 2009. Personality Differences in Emotions. Journal of Individual Differences 30:2, 100-106.
[CrossRef]
309. Sander Koole. 2009. The psychology of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Cognition & Emotion 23:1, 4-41.
[CrossRef]
310. B ZUPAN, D NEUMANN, D BABBAGE, B WILLER. 2009. The importance of vocal affect to bimodal processing of
emotion: Implications for individuals with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Communication Disorders 42:1, 1-17. [CrossRef]
311. Terry Connolly, David HardmanChapter 9 “Fools Rush In” 50, 275-306. [CrossRef]
312. Martin Walter, Christian Matthiä, Christine Wiebking, Michael Rotte, Claus Tempelmann, Bernhard Bogerts, Hans-Jochen
Heinze, Georg Northoff. 2009. Preceding attention and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex: Process specificity versus domain
dependence. Human Brain Mapping 30:1, 312-326. [CrossRef]
313. E.A. Young, S.N. Garfinkel, I. LiberzonStress and Anxiety Disorders 2875-2899. [CrossRef]
314. Takashi NAKAO, Tomohiro TAKEZAWA, Makoto MIYATANI, Hideki OHIRA. 2009. MEDIAL PREFRONTAL
CORTEX AND COGNITIVE REGULATION. PSYCHOLOGIA 52:2, 93-109. [CrossRef]
315. Young-Chul Jung, Hae-Jeong Park, Jae-Jin Kim, Ji Won Chun, Hye Sun Kim, Nam Wook Kim, Sang Jun Son, Maeng-Gun
Oh, Jong Doo Lee. 2008. Reciprocal activation of the orbitofrontal cortex and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in processing
ambivalent stimuli. Brain Research 1246, 136-143. [CrossRef]
316. Cindy C. Hagan, Fumiko Hoeft, Allyson Mackey, Dean Mobbs, Allan L. Reiss. 2008. Aberrant Neural Function During
Emotion Attribution in Female Subjects With Fragile X Syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry 47:12, 1443-1454. [CrossRef]
317. Purificación Checa, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón, M. Rosario Rueda. 2008. Neurocognitive and Temperamental Systems of Self-
Regulation and Early Adolescents’ Social and Academic Outcomes. Mind, Brain, and Education 2:4, 177-187. [CrossRef]
318. Maria Kovacs, Jutta Joormann, Ian H. Gotlib. 2008. Emotion (Dys)regulation and Links to Depressive Disorders. Child
Development Perspectives 2:3, 149-155. [CrossRef]
319. Tomasz Gos, Dieter Krell, Hendrik Bielau, Ralf Brisch, Kurt Trübner, Johann Steiner, Hans-Gert Bernstein, Zbigniew
Jankowski, Bernhard Bogerts. 2008. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the locus coeruleus is elevated in violent
suicidal depressive patients. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 258:8, 513-520. [CrossRef]
320. C. Herbert, T. Ethofer, S. Anders, M. Junghofer, D. Wildgruber, W. Grodd, J. Kissler. 2008. Amygdala activation during
reading of emotional adjectives--an advantage for pleasant content. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 4:1, 35-49.
[CrossRef]
321. References 230-279. [CrossRef]
322. F. Schneider, F. Bermpohl, A. Heinzel, M. Rotte, M. Walter, C. Tempelmann, C. Wiebking, H. Dobrowolny, H.J. Heinze,
G. Northoff. 2008. The resting brain and our self: Self-relatedness modulates resting state neural activity in cortical midline
structures. Neuroscience 157:1, 120-131. [CrossRef]
323. Catherine Sebastian, Stephanie Burnett, Sarah-Jayne Blakemore. 2008. Development of the self-concept during adolescence.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12:11, 441-446. [CrossRef]
324. C. Mohr, S. Leyendecker, I. Mangels, B. Machner, T. Sander, C. Helmchen. 2008. Central representation of cold-evoked pain
relief in capsaicin induced pain: An event-related fMRI study. Pain 139:2, 416-430. [CrossRef]
325. E. Fakra, S. Khalfa, D. Fonseca, N. Besnier, P. Delaveau, J. M. Azorin, O. Blin. 2008. Effect of risperidone versus haloperidol
on emotional responding in schizophrenic patients. Psychopharmacology 200:2, 261-272. [CrossRef]
326. Robert J. DeRubeis, Greg J. Siegle, Steven D. Hollon. 2008. Cognitive therapy versus medication for depression: treatment
outcomes and neural mechanisms. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9:10, 788-796. [CrossRef]
327. Mauricio R. Delgado, Katherine I. Nearing, Joseph E. LeDoux, Elizabeth A. Phelps. 2008. Neural Circuitry Underlying the
Regulation of Conditioned Fear and Its Relation to Extinction. Neuron 59:5, 829-838. [CrossRef]
328. Timothy D. Wilson, Daniel T. Gilbert. 2008. Explaining Away: A Model of Affective Adaptation. Perspectives on
Psychological Science 3:5, 370-386. [CrossRef]
329. M L Phillips, C D Ladouceur, W C Drevets. 2008. A neural model of voluntary and automatic emotion regulation: implications
for understanding the pathophysiology and neurodevelopment of bipolar disorder. Molecular Psychiatry 13:9, 833-857.
[CrossRef]
330. Katherine H. Karlsgodt, Daqiang Sun, Amy M. Jimenez, Evan S. Lutkenhoff, Rachael Willhite, Theo G. M. van Erp, Tyrone
D. Cannon. 2008. Developmental disruptions in neural connectivity in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Development
and Psychopathology 20:04, 1297. [CrossRef]
331. Joana V. Taylor Tavares, Luke Clark, Maura L. Furey, Guy B. Williams, Barbara J. Sahakian, Wayne C. Drevets. 2008.
Neural basis of abnormal response to negative feedback in unmedicated mood disorders###. NeuroImage 42:3, 1118-1126.
[CrossRef]
332. Tiago V. Maia, Rebecca E. Cooney, Bradley S. Peterson. 2008. The neural bases of obsessive–compulsive disorder in children
and adults. Development and Psychopathology 20:04, 1251. [CrossRef]
333. Gennady G. Knyazev, Andrey V. Bocharov, Evgenij A. Levin, Alexander N. Savostyanov, Jaroslav Yu. Slobodskoj-Plusnin.
2008. Anxiety and oscillatory responses to emotional facial expressions. Brain Research 1227, 174-188. [CrossRef]
334. Roshan Cools, Oliver J Robinson, Barbara Sahakian. 2008. Acute Tryptophan Depletion in Healthy Volunteers Enhances
Punishment Prediction but Does not Affect Reward Prediction. Neuropsychopharmacology 33:9, 2291-2299. [CrossRef]
335. Hedy Kober, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Josh Joseph, Eliza Bliss-Moreau, Kristen Lindquist, Tor D. Wager. 2008. Functional
grouping and cortical–subcortical interactions in emotion: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. NeuroImage 42:2,
998-1031. [CrossRef]
336. Mauricio R Delgado, M Meredith Gillis, Elizabeth A Phelps. 2008. Regulating the expectation of reward via cognitive
strategies. Nature Neuroscience 11:8, 880-881. [CrossRef]
337. Frank Neuner, Claudia Catani, Martina Ruf, Elisabeth Schauer, Maggie Schauer, Thomas Elbert. 2008. Narrative Exposure
Therapy for the Treatment of Traumatized Children and Adolescents (KidNET): From Neurocognitive Theory to Field
Intervention. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 17:3, 641-664. [CrossRef]
338. X. Caseras, D. Mataix-Cols, K. A. Rimes, V. Giampietro, M. Brammer, F. Zelaya, T. Chalder, E. Godfrey. 2008. The neural
correlates of fatigue: an exploratory imaginal fatigue provocation study in chronic fatigue syndrome. Psychological Medicine
38:07. . [CrossRef]
339. N SHAMOSH, J GRAY. 2008. Delay discounting and intelligence: A meta-analysis. Intelligence 36:4, 289-305. [CrossRef]
340. C. M. LECLERC, E. A. KENSINGER. 2008. Age-related differences in medial prefrontal activation in response to emotional
images. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 8:2, 153-164. [CrossRef]
341. M MENDOLIA, G BAKER. 2008. Attentional mechanisms associated with repressive distancing. Journal of Research in
Personality 42:3, 546-563. [CrossRef]
342. David Mataix-Cols, Suk Kyoon An, Natalia S. Lawrence, Xavier Caseras, Anne Speckens, Vincent Giampietro, Michael
J. Brammer, Mary L. Phillips. 2008. Individual differences in disgust sensitivity modulate neural responses to aversive/
disgusting stimuli. European Journal of Neuroscience 27:11, 3050-3058. [CrossRef]
343. Henry Davis IV, Mario Liotti, Elton T. Ngan, Todd S. Woodward, Jared X. Snellenberg, Sari M. Anders, Aynsley Smith,
Helen S. Mayberg. 2008. fMRI BOLD Signal Changes in Elite Swimmers While Viewing Videos of Personal Failure. Brain
Imaging and Behavior 2:2, 84-93. [CrossRef]
344. Fan Li, BuXin Han, Jun Ren, Jing Luo. 2008. Effects of negative emotion and its correlated neural activity on secretory
immunoglobulin A. Chinese Science Bulletin 53:12, 1861-1870. [CrossRef]
345. Sergi G. Costafreda, Michael J. Brammer, Anthony S. David, Cynthia H.Y. Fu. 2008. Predictors of amygdala activation
during the processing of emotional stimuli: A meta-analysis of 385 PET and fMRI studies. Brain Research Reviews 58:1,
57-70. [CrossRef]
346. Kateri McRae, Eric M. Reiman, Carolyn L. Fort, Kewei Chen, Richard D. Lane. 2008. Association between trait emotional
awareness and dorsal anterior cingulate activity during emotion is arousal-dependent. NeuroImage 41:2, 648-655. [CrossRef]
347. T. Egner, A. Etkin, S. Gale, J. Hirsch. 2008. Dissociable Neural Systems Resolve Conflict from Emotional versus
Nonemotional Distracters. Cerebral Cortex 18:6, 1475-1484. [CrossRef]
348. C.M. Deveney, D.A. Pizzagalli. 2008. The cognitive consequences of emotion regulation: An ERP investigation.
Psychophysiology 45:3, 435-444. [CrossRef]
349. Lindsey Richland. 2008. Ethnography and Cognitive Psychology: Shared Dilemmas of the Local and Unlocatable. PoLAR
Political and Legal Anthropology Review 31:1, 48-60. [CrossRef]
350. Simone Kern, Terrence R. Oakes, Charles K. Stone, Emelia M. McAuliff, Clemens Kirschbaum, Richard J. Davidson.
2008. Glucose metabolic changes in the prefrontal cortex are associated with HPA axis response to a psychosocial stressor.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 33:4, 517-529. [CrossRef]
351. A. Lerner, A. Bagic, T. Hanakawa, E. A. Boudreau, F. Pagan, Z. Mari, W. Bara-Jimenez, M. Aksu, S. Sato, D. L. Murphy, M.
Hallett. 2008. Involvement of Insula and Cingulate Cortices in Control and Suppression of Natural Urges. Cerebral Cortex
19:1, 218-223. [CrossRef]
352. Kevin N. Ochsner, James J. Gross. 2008. Cognitive Emotion Regulation: Insights From Social Cognitive and Affective
Neuroscience. Current Directions in Psychological Science 17:2, 153-158. [CrossRef]
353. L STEINBERG. 2008. A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking. Developmental Review 28:1, 78-106.
[CrossRef]
354. Philippe R. Goldin, Kateri McRae, Wiveka Ramel, James J. Gross. 2008. The Neural Bases of Emotion Regulation:
Reappraisal and Suppression of Negative Emotion. Biological Psychiatry 63:6, 577-586. [CrossRef]
355. S. Whittle, M. B. H. Yap, M. Yucel, A. Fornito, J. G. Simmons, A. Barrett, L. Sheeber, N. B. Allen. 2008. Prefrontal and
amygdala volumes are related to adolescents' affective behaviors during parent-adolescent interactions. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences 105:9, 3652-3657. [CrossRef]
356. WILLIAM D.S. KILLGORE, DESIREE B. KILLGORE, SHARON A. MCBRIDE, GARY H. KAMIMORI,
THOMAS J. BALKIN. 2008. ODOR IDENTIFICATION ABILITY PREDICTS CHANGES IN SYMPTOMS OF
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY FOLLOWING 56 H OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION. Journal of Sensory Studies 23:1, 35-51.
[CrossRef]
357. Madoka Noriuchi, Yoshiaki Kikuchi, Atsushi Senoo. 2008. The Functional Neuroanatomy of Maternal Love: Mother’s
Response to Infant’s Attachment Behaviors. Biological Psychiatry 63:4, 415-423. [CrossRef]
358. Simone Grimm, Johannes Beck, Daniel Schuepbach, Daniel Hell, Peter Boesiger, Felix Bermpohl, Ludwig Niehaus, Heinz
Boeker, Georg Northoff. 2008. Imbalance between Left and Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Major Depression Is
Linked to Negative Emotional Judgment: An fMRI Study in Severe Major Depressive Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 63:4,
369-376. [CrossRef]
359. Vina M. Goghari, Angus W. MacDonald. 2008. Effects of Varying the Experimental Design of a Cognitive Control Paradigm
on Behavioral and Functional Imaging Outcome Measures. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20:1, 20. [CrossRef]
360. M CRASKE, K KIRCANSKI, M ZELIKOWSKY, J MYSTKOWSKI, N CHOWDHURY, A BAKER. 2008. Optimizing
inhibitory learning during exposure therapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy 46:1, 5-27. [CrossRef]
361. J. Hill, L. Murray, V. Leidecker, H. Sharp. 2008. The dynamics of threat, fear and intentionality in the conduct disorders:
longitudinal findings in the children of women with post-natal depression. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences 363:1503, 2529. [CrossRef]
362. Lara C. Foland, Lori L. Altshuler, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Naomi Eisenberger, Jennifer Townsend, Paul M. Thompson.
2008. Evidence for deficient modulation of amygdala response by prefrontal cortex in bipolar mania. Psychiatry Research:
Neuroimaging 162:1, 27-37. [CrossRef]
363. Rajamannar Ramasubbu, Glenda MacQueenAlterations in Neural Structures as Risk Factors for Depression 37-61. [CrossRef]
364. Amir Raz. 2008. Genetics and Neuroimaging of Attention and Hypnotizability May Elucidate Placebo. International Journal
of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 56:1, 99-116. [CrossRef]
365. Henry StappQuantum Mechanical Theories of Consciousness 300-312. [CrossRef]
366. Bob Bermond. 2007. The emotional feeling as a combination of two qualia: A neurophilosophical-based emotion theory.
Cognition & Emotion 22:5, 897-930. [CrossRef]
367. Paul J. Whalen. 2007. The uncertainty of it all. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11:12, 499-500. [CrossRef]
368. M. M. Muller, S. K. Andersen, A. Keil. 2007. Time Course of Competition for Visual Processing Resources between
Emotional Pictures and Foreground Task. Cerebral Cortex 18:8, 1892-1899. [CrossRef]
369. Qian Luo, Derek Mitchell, Matthew Jones, Krystal Mondillo, Meena Vythilingam, R. James R. Blair. 2007. Common regions
of dorsal anterior cingulate and prefrontal–parietal cortices provide attentional control of distracters varying in emotionality
and visibility. NeuroImage 38:3, 631-639. [CrossRef]
370. Rebecca E. Cooney, Jutta Joormann, Lauren Y. Atlas, Fanny Eugène, Ian H. Gotlib. 2007. Remembering the good times:
neural correlates of affect regulation. NeuroReport 18:17, 1771-1774. [CrossRef]
371. M GREEN, C CAHILL, G MALHI. 2007. The cognitive and neurophysiological basis of emotion dysregulation in bipolar
disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders 103:1-3, 29-42. [CrossRef]
372. Iris B. Mauss, Silvia A. Bunge, James J. Gross. 2007. Automatic Emotion Regulation. Social and Personality Psychology
Compass 1:1, 146-167. [CrossRef]
373. Kirk Warren Brown, Richard M. Ryan, J. David Creswell. 2007. Mindfulness: Theoretical Foundations and Evidence for its
Salutary Effects. Psychological Inquiry 18:4, 211-237. [CrossRef]
374. Markus Jokela, Terho Lehtimäki, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen. 2007. The influence of urban/rural residency on depressive
symptoms is moderated by the serotonin receptor 2A gene. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric
Genetics 144B:7, 918-922. [CrossRef]
375. Mary-Frances O'Connor, Harald Gündel, Kateri McRae, Richard D Lane. 2007. Baseline Vagal Tone Predicts BOLD
Response during Elicitation of Grief. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:10, 2184-2189. [CrossRef]
376. William A. Cunningham, Philip David Zelazo, Dominic J. Packer, Jay J. Van Bavel. 2007. The Iterative Reprocessing Model:
A Multilevel Framework for Attitudes and Evaluation. Social Cognition 25:5, 736-760. [CrossRef]
377. V RUBINO, G BLASI, V LATORRE, L FAZIO, I DERRICO, V MAZZOLA, G CAFORIO, M NARDINI, T POPOLIZIO,
A HARIRI. 2007. Activity in medial prefrontal cortex during cognitive evaluation of threatening stimuli as a function of
personality style. Brain Research Bulletin 74:4, 250-257. [CrossRef]
378. Tracy A. Dennis. 2007. Interactions between emotion regulation strategies and affective style: Implications for trait anxiety
versus depressed mood. Motivation and Emotion 31:3, 200-207. [CrossRef]
379. D CAMPBELL, J SAREEN, M PAULUS, P GOLDIN, M STEIN, J REISS. 2007. Time-Varying Amygdala Response to
Emotional Faces in Generalized Social Phobia. Biological Psychiatry 62:5, 455-463. [CrossRef]
380. M MINZENBERG, J FAN, A NEW, C TANG, L SIEVER. 2007. Fronto-limbic dysfunction in response to facial emotion
in borderline personality disorder: An event-related fMRI study. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 155:3, 231-243.
[CrossRef]
381. Susanne Erk, Anna Kleczar, Henrik Walter. 2007. Valence-specific regulation effects in a working memory task with
emotional context. NeuroImage 37:2, 623-632. [CrossRef]
382. Uwe Herwig, Thomas Baumgartner, Tina Kaffenberger, Annette Brühl, Mara Kottlow, Ursula Schreiter-Gasser, Birgit Abler,
Lutz Jäncke, Michael Rufer. 2007. Modulation of anticipatory emotion and perception processing by cognitive control.
NeuroImage 37:2, 652-662. [CrossRef]
383. B. E. Depue, T. Curran, M. T. Banich. 2007. Prefrontal Regions Orchestrate Suppression of Emotional Memories via a Two-
Phase Process. Science 317:5835, 215-219. [CrossRef]
384. Sonia J. Bishop. 2007. Neurocognitive mechanisms of anxiety: an integrative account. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11:7,
307-316. [CrossRef]
385. Carien M. van Reekum, Tom Johnstone, Heather L. Urry, Marchell E. Thurow, Hillary S. Schaefer, Andrew L. Alexander,
Richard J. Davidson. 2007. Gaze fixations predict brain activation during the voluntary regulation of picture-induced negative
affect. NeuroImage 36:3, 1041-1055. [CrossRef]
386. Mary K. Rothbart, Brad E. Sheese, Michael I. Posner. 2007. Executive Attention and Effortful Control: Linking Temperament,
Brain Networks, and Genes. Child Development Perspectives 1:1, 2-7. [CrossRef]
387. J. A. Brefczynski-Lewis, A. Lutz, H. S. Schaefer, D. B. Levinson, R. J. Davidson. 2007. Neural correlates of attentional
expertise in long-term meditation practitioners. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104:27, 11483-11488.
[CrossRef]
388. Peng Jia, Junsong Yin, Dewen Hu, Zongtan Zhou. 2007. Retrograde adaptive resonance theory based on the role of nitric
oxide in long-term potentiation. Journal of Computational Neuroscience 23:1, 129-141. [CrossRef]
389. John T. Cacioppo, David G. Amaral, Jack J. Blanchard, Judy L. Cameron, C. Sue Carter, David Crews, Susan Fiske, Todd
Heatherton, Marcia K. Johnson, Michael J. Kozak, Robert W. Levenson, Catherine Lord, Earl K. Miller, Kevin Ochsner,
Marcus E. Raichle, M. Tracie Shea, Shelley E. Taylor, Larry J. Young, Kevin J. Quinn. 2007. Social Neuroscience: Progress
and Implications for Mental Health. Perspectives on Psychological Science 2:2, 99-123. [CrossRef]
390. Mary K. Rothbart, John E. BatesTemperament . [CrossRef]
391. Stephan F. Taylor, Robert C. Welsh, Ashley C. Chen, Alan J. Velander, Israel Liberzon. 2007. Medial Frontal Hyperactivity
in Reality Distortion. Biological Psychiatry 61:10, 1171-1178. [CrossRef]
392. Israel Liberzon, Stephan F. Taylor, K. Luan Phan, Jennifer C. Britton, Lorraine M. Fig, Joshua A. Bueller, Robert A. Koeppe,
Jon-Kar Zubieta. 2007. Altered Central µ-Opioid Receptor Binding After Psychological Trauma. Biological Psychiatry 61:9,
1030-1038. [CrossRef]
393. Naomi I. Eisenberger, Shelley E. Taylor, Shelly L. Gable, Clayton J. Hilmert, Matthew D. Lieberman. 2007. Neural pathways
link social support to attenuated neuroendocrine stress responses. NeuroImage 35:4, 1601-1612. [CrossRef]
394. Falk Eippert, Ralf Veit, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Michael Erb, Niels Birbaumer, Silke Anders. 2007. Regulation of emotional
responses elicited by threat-related stimuli. Human Brain Mapping 28:5, 409-423. [CrossRef]
395. Aprajita Mohanty, Anna S. Engels, John D. Herrington, Wendy Heller, Moon-Ho Ringo Ho, Marie T. Banich, Andrew G.
Webb, Stacie L. Warren, Gregory A. Miller. 2007. Differential engagement of anterior cingulate cortex subdivisions for
cognitive and emotional function. Psychophysiology 44:3, 343-351. [CrossRef]
396. Greg J. Siegle, Frank Ghinassi, Michael E. Thase. 2007. Neurobehavioral Therapies in the 21st Century: Summary of an
Emerging Field and an Extended Example of Cognitive Control Training for Depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research
31:2, 235-262. [CrossRef]
397. Kate Baicy, Edythe D. London. 2007. Corticolimbic dysregulation and chronic methamphetamine abuse. Addiction 102, 5-15.
[CrossRef]
398. David H. Rose, Nicole Strangman. 2007. Universal Design for Learning: meeting the challenge of individual learning
differences through a neurocognitive perspective. Universal Access in the Information Society 5:4, 381-391. [CrossRef]
399. J.W. Hummelen, T.A.J.J. Rokx. 2007. Individual?context interaction as a guide in the treatment of personality disorders.
Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 71:1, 42-55. [CrossRef]
400. K.S. Blair, B.W. Smith, D.G.V. Mitchell, J. Morton, M. Vythilingam, L. Pessoa, D. Fridberg, A. Zametkin, E.E. Nelson, W.C.
Drevets, D.S. Pine, A. Martin, R.J.R. Blair. 2007. Modulation of emotion by cognition and cognition by emotion. NeuroImage
35:1, 430-440. [CrossRef]
401. M BEAUREGARD. 2007. Mind does really matter: Evidence from neuroimaging studies of emotional self-regulation,
psychotherapy, and placebo effect. Progress in Neurobiology 81:4, 218-236. [CrossRef]
402. Erwin Lemche, Simon A. Surguladze, Vincent P. Giampietro, Ananthapadmanabha Anilkumar, Michael J. Brammer,
Mauricio Sierra, Xavier Chitnis, Steven C.R. Williams, David Gasston, Peter Joraschky, Anthony S. David, Mary L. Phillips.
2007. Limbic and prefrontal responses to facial emotion expressions in depersonalization. NeuroReport 18:5, 473-477.
[CrossRef]
403. G SIEGLE, W THOMPSON, C CARTER, S STEINHAUER, M THASE. 2007. Increased Amygdala and Decreased
Dorsolateral Prefrontal BOLD Responses in Unipolar Depression: Related and Independent Features. Biological Psychiatry
61:2, 198-209. [CrossRef]
404. Michael C. Gemar, Zindel V. Segal, Helen S. Mayberg, Kimberley Goldapple, Colleen Carney. 2007. Changes in regional
cerebral blood flow following mood challenge in drug-free, remitted patients with unipolar depression. Depression and
Anxiety 24:8, 597-601. [CrossRef]
405. Israel Liberzon, Chandra Sekhar SripadaThe functional neuroanatomy of PTSD: a critical review 167, 151-169. [CrossRef]
406. Matthew D. Lieberman. 2007. Social Cognitive Neuroscience: A Review of Core Processes. Annual Review of Psychology
58:1, 259-289. [CrossRef]
407. Kathrin Koch, Katharina Pauly, Thilo Kellermann, Nina Y. Seiferth, Martina Reske, Volker Backes, Tony Stöcker, N.
Jon Shah, Katrin Amunts, Tilo Kircher. 2007. Gender differences in the cognitive control of emotion: An fMRI study.
Neuropsychologia 45:12, 2744-2754. [CrossRef]
408. Adele Diamond. 2007. Interrelated and interdependent. Developmental Science 10:1, 152-158. [CrossRef]
409. Martin Eimer, Amanda Holmes. 2007. Event-related brain potential correlates of emotional face processing.
Neuropsychologia 45:1, 15-31. [CrossRef]
410. John P. Forsyth, Velma Barrios, Dean T. AchesonExposure therapy and cognitive interventions for the anxiety disorders
61-108. [CrossRef]
411. Joel S. Winston, John O’Doherty, James M. Kilner, David I. Perrett, Raymond J. Dolan. 2007. Brain systems for assessing
facial attractiveness. Neuropsychologia 45:1, 195-206. [CrossRef]
412. E BRUNETGOUET, J DECETY. 2006. Social brain dysfunctions in schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging studies.
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 148:2-3, 75-92. [CrossRef]
413. Mary K. Rothbart, Michael I. Posner. 2006. Genes and experience in the development of executive attention and effortful
control. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development 2005:109, 101-108. [CrossRef]
414. F DEVIGNEMONT, T SINGER. 2006. The empathic brain: how, when and why?. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10:10,
435-441. [CrossRef]
415. Fabio Sambataro, Savino Dimalta, Annabella Di Giorgio, Paolo Taurisano, Giuseppe Blasi, Tommaso Scarabino, Giuseppe
Giannatempo, Marcello Nardini, Alessandro Bertolino. 2006. Preferential responses in amygdala and insula during
presentation of facial contempt and disgust. European Journal of Neuroscience 24:8, 2355-2362. [CrossRef]
416. Henry P. Stapp. 2006. QUANTUM INTERACTIVE DUALISM: AN ALTERNATIVE TO MATERIALISM. Zygon# 41:3,
599-616. [CrossRef]
417. S RAUCH, L SHIN, E PHELPS. 2006. Neurocircuitry Models of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Extinction: Human
Neuroimaging Research—Past, Present, and Future. Biological Psychiatry 60:4, 376-382. [CrossRef]
418. S TAYLOR, N EISENBERGER, D SAXBE, B LEHMAN, M LIEBERMAN. 2006. Neural Responses to Emotional Stimuli
Are Associated with Childhood Family Stress. Biological Psychiatry 60:3, 296-301. [CrossRef]
419. A. Costa, A. Peppe, G. A. Carlesimo, P. Pasqualetti, C. Caltagirone. 2006. Alexithymia in Parkinson's disease is related to
severity of depressive symptoms. European Journal of Neurology 13:8, 836-841. [CrossRef]
420. Susanne Erk, Birgit Abler, Henrik Walter. 2006. Cognitive modulation of emotion anticipation. European Journal of
Neuroscience 24:4, 1227-1236. [CrossRef]
421. Felix Bermpohl, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Amir Amedi, Lotfi B. Merabet, Felipe Fregni, Nadine Gaab, David Alsop, Gottfried
Schlaug, Georg Northoff. 2006. Attentional modulation of emotional stimulus processing: An fMRI study using emotional
expectancy. Human Brain Mapping 27:8, 662-677. [CrossRef]
422. P. Read Montague, Brooks King-Casas, Jonathan D. Cohen. 2006. IMAGING VALUATION MODELS IN HUMAN
CHOICE. Annual Review of Neuroscience 29:1, 417-448. [CrossRef]
423. Arne Öhman. 2006. Making sense of emotion: evolution, reason & the brain. Daedalus 135:3, 33-45. [Citation] [PDF] [PDF
Plus]
424. Melissa J. Green, Gin S. Malhi. 2006. Neural mechanisms of the cognitive control of emotion. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 18:3-4,
144-153. [CrossRef]
425. RUDI DE RAEDT. 2006. Does neuroscience hold promise for the further development of behavior therapy? The case of
emotional change after exposure in anxiety and depression. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 47:3, 225-236. [CrossRef]
426. Steven B. Most, Marvin M. Chun, Matthew R. Johnson, Kent A. Kiehl. 2006. Attentional modulation of the amygdala varies
with personality. NeuroImage 31:2, 934-944. [CrossRef]
427. Jennifer C. Britton, Stephan F. Taylor, Keith D. Sudheimer, Israel Liberzon. 2006. Facial expressions and complex IAPS
pictures: Common and differential networks. NeuroImage 31:2, 906-919. [CrossRef]
428. Mario Beauregard, Vincent Paquette, Johanne Le??vesque. 2006. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotional self-
regulation in major depressive disorder. NeuroReport 17:8, 843-846. [CrossRef]
429. Erno Hermans, Jack van Honk. 2006. Toward a framework for defective emotion processing in social phobia. Cognitive
Neuropsychiatry 11:3, 307-331. [CrossRef]
430. Raffael Kalisch, Katja Wiech, Hugo D. Critchley, Raymond J. Dolan. 2006. Levels of appraisal: A medial prefrontal role in
high-level appraisal of emotional material. NeuroImage 30:4, 1458-1466. [CrossRef]
431. Bob Bermond, Harrie Vorst, Peter Moormann. 2006. Cognitive neuropsychology of alexithymia: Implications for personality
typology. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 11:3, 332-360. [CrossRef]
432. Mary Phillips. 2006. The neural basis of mood dysregulation in bipolar disorder. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 11:3, 233-249.
[CrossRef]
433. Daniel Tranel, Greg Gullickson, Margaret Koch, Ralph Adolphs. 2006. Altered experience of emotion following bilateral
amygdala damage. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 11:3, 219-232. [CrossRef]
434. Qian Luo, Marina Nakic, Thalia Wheatley, Rebecca Richell, Alex Martin, R. James R. Blair. 2006. The neural basis of implicit
moral attitude—An IAT study using event-related fMRI. NeuroImage 30:4, 1449-1457. [CrossRef]
435. J LACKNER, M LOUCOAD, H MERTZ, D WACK, L KATZ, S KRASNER, R FIRTH, T MAHL, A LOCKWOOD.
2006. Cognitive therapy for irritable bowel syndrome is associated with reduced limbic activity, GI symptoms, and anxiety.
Behaviour Research and Therapy 44:5, 621-638. [CrossRef]
436. Clinton D Kilts, Jeffrey E Kelsey, Bettina Knight, Timothy D Ely, F DuBois Bowman, Robin E Gross, Amy Selvig, Angelita
Gordon, D Jeffrey Newport, Charles B Nemeroff. 2006. The Neural Correlates of Social Anxiety Disorder and Response to
Pharmacotherapy. Neuropsychopharmacology . [CrossRef]
437. Anne Krendl, C. Neil Macrae, William Kelley, Jonathan Fugelsang, Todd Heatherton. 2006. The good, the bad, and the ugly:
An fMRI investigation of the functional anatomic correlates of stigma. Social Neuroscience 1:1, 5-15. [CrossRef]
438. Carla L. Harenski, Stephan Hamann. 2006. Neural correlates of regulating negative emotions related to moral violations.
NeuroImage 30:1, 313-324. [CrossRef]
439. Simone Grimm, Conny F. Schmidt, Felix Bermpohl, Alexander Heinzel, Yuliya Dahlem, Michael Wyss, Daniel Hell, Peter
Boesiger, Heinz Boeker, Georg Northoff. 2006. Segregated neural representation of distinct emotion dimensions in the
prefrontal cortex—an fMRI study. NeuroImage 30:1, 325-340. [CrossRef]
440. P FREWEN. 2006. Neurobiology of Dissociation: Unity and Disunity in Mind?Body?Brain. Psychiatric Clinics of North
America 29:1, 113-128. [CrossRef]
441. Hideki Ohira, Michio Nomura, Naho Ichikawa, Tokiko Isowa, Tetsuya Iidaka, Atsushi Sato, Seisuke Fukuyama, Toshihiko
Nakajima, Jitsuhiro Yamada. 2006. Association of neural and physiological responses during voluntary emotion suppression.
NeuroImage 29:3, 721-733. [CrossRef]
442. Dennis J.L.G. Schutter, Claudia Leitner, J. Leon Kenemans, Jack van Honk. 2006. Electrophysiological correlates of cortico-
subcortical interaction: A cross-frequency spectral EEG analysis. Clinical Neurophysiology 117:2, 381-387. [CrossRef]
443. Susanne Leiberg, Silke AndersThe multiple facets of empathy: a survey of theory and evidence 156, 419-440. [CrossRef]
444. Jack B. Nitschke, Issidoros Sarinopoulos, Kristen L. Mackiewicz, Hillary S. Schaefer, Richard J. Davidson. 2006. Functional
neuroanatomy of aversion and its anticipation. NeuroImage 29:1, 106-116. [CrossRef]
445. Katherine A. Richert, Victor G. Carrion, Asya Karchemskiy, Allan L. Reiss. 2006. Regional differences of the prefrontal
cortex in pediatric PTSD: an MRI study. Depression and Anxiety 23:1, 17-25. [CrossRef]
446. Greg Hajcak, Jason S. Moser, Robert F. Simons. 2006. Attending to affect: Appraisal strategies modulate the electrocortical
response to arousing pictures. Emotion 6:3, 517-522. [CrossRef]
447. Michelle L. Keightley, Gordon Winocur, Hana Burianova, Donaya Hongwanishkul, Cheryl L. Grady. 2006. Age effects on
social cognition: Faces tell a different story. Psychology and Aging 21:3, 558-572. [CrossRef]
448. T SINGER. 2006. The neuronal basis and ontogeny of empathy and mind reading: Review of literature and implications for
future research. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 30:6, 855-863. [CrossRef]
449. Elizabeth A. Phelps. 2006. Emotion and Cognition: Insights from Studies of the Human Amygdala. Annual Review of
Psychology 57:1, 27-53. [CrossRef]
450. K OCHSNER, D LUDLOW, K KNIERIM, J HANELIN, T RAMACHANDRAN, G GLOVER, S MACKEY. 2006. Neural
correlates of individual differences in pain-related fear and anxiety. Pain 120:1-2, 69-77. [CrossRef]
451. J KIM, M JUNG. 2006. Neural circuits and mechanisms involved in Pavlovian fear conditioning: A critical review.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 30:2, 188-202. [CrossRef]
452. W MISCHEL. 2005. Toward an integrative model for CBT: Encompassing behavior, cognition, affect, and process*. Behavior
Therapy 35:1, 185-203. [CrossRef]
453. KATHERINE M. PUTNAM, KENNETH R. SILK. 2005. Emotion dysregulation and the development of borderline
personality disorder. Development and Psychopathology 17:04. . [CrossRef]
454. Laurence Fiddick, Maria Vittoria Spampinato, Jordan Grafman. 2005. Social contracts and precautions activate different
neurological systems: An fMRI investigation of deontic reasoning. NeuroImage 28:4, 778-786. [CrossRef]
455. Gin S Malhi, Jim Lagopoulos, Perminder S Sachdev, Belinda Ivanovski, Ron Shnier. 2005. An emotional Stroop functional
MRI study of euthymic bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorders 7:s5, 58-69. [CrossRef]
456. Omri Gillath, Silvia A. Bunge, Phillip R. Shaver, Carter Wendelken, Mario Mikulincer. 2005. Attachment-style differences
in the ability to suppress negative thoughts: Exploring the neural correlates#. NeuroImage 28:4, 835-847. [CrossRef]
457. Matthew D. Lieberman. 2005. Principles, processes, and puzzles of social cognition: An introduction for the special issue on
social cognitive neuroscience. NeuroImage 28:4, 745-756. [CrossRef]
458. N KALIN, S SHELTON, A FOX, T OAKES, R DAVIDSON. 2005. Brain Regions Associated with the Expression and
Contextual Regulation of Anxiety in Primates. Biological Psychiatry 58:10, 796-804. [CrossRef]
459. Elizabeth A. Phelps, Joseph E. LeDoux. 2005. Contributions of the Amygdala to Emotion Processing: From Animal Models
to Human Behavior. Neuron 48:2, 175-187. [CrossRef]
460. Michael D. Robinson, Brian P. Meier, Patrick T. Vargas. 2005. Extraversion, Threat Categorizations, and Negative Affect:
A Reaction Time Approach to Avoidance Motivation. Journal of Personality 73:5, 1397-1436. [CrossRef]
461. M MATHER, L CARSTENSEN. 2005. Aging and motivated cognition: the positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends
in Cognitive Sciences 9:10, 496-502. [CrossRef]
462. M. Rosario Rueda, Michael Posner, Mary Rothbart. 2005. The Development of Executive Attention: Contributions to the
Emergence of Self-Regulation. Developmental Neuropsychology 28:2, 573-594. [CrossRef]
463. Clancy Blair, Philip David Zelazo, Mark Greenberg. 2005. The Measurement of Executive Function in Early Childhood.
Developmental Neuropsychology 28:2, 561-571. [CrossRef]
464. Nicholas D Schiff, Michael I PosnerConsciousness: Mechanisms . [CrossRef]
465. JONATHAN POSNER, JAMES A. RUSSELL, BRADLEY S. PETERSON. 2005. The circumplex model of affect:
An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and
Psychopathology 17:03. . [CrossRef]
466. M. K. JOHNSON, C. L. RAYE, K. J. MITCHELL, E. J. GREENE, W. A. CUNNINGHAM, C. A. SANISLOW. 2005. Using
fMRI to investigate a component process of reflection: Prefrontal correlates of refreshing a just-activated representation.
Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 5:3, 339-361. [CrossRef]
467. C HUTCHERSON, P GOLDIN, K OCHSNER, J GABRIELI, L BARRETT, J GROSS. 2005. Attention and emotion: Does
rating emotion alter neural responses to amusing and sad films?. NeuroImage 27:3, 656-668. [CrossRef]
468. CHRISTIAN VON SCHEVE, ROLF VON LUEDE. 2005. Emotion and Social Structures: Towards an Interdisciplinary
Approach. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 35:3, 303-328. [CrossRef]
469. P GOLDIN, C HUTCHERSON, K OCHSNER, G GLOVER, J GABRIELI, J GROSS. 2005. The neural bases of amusement
and sadness: A comparison of block contrast and subject-specific emotion intensity regression approaches. NeuroImage 27:1,
26-36. [CrossRef]
470. J. M. Schwartz, H. P. Stapp, M. Beauregard. 2005. Quantum physics in neuroscience and psychology: a neurophysical model
of mind-brain interaction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360:1458, 1309-1327.
[CrossRef]
471. Predrag Petrovic, Thomas Dietrich, Peter Fransson, Jesper Andersson, Katrina Carlsson, Martin Ingvar. 2005. Placebo in
Emotional Processing— Induced Expectations of Anxiety Relief Activate a Generalized Modulatory Network. Neuron 46:6,
957-969. [CrossRef]
472. D SANDER, D GRANDJEAN, K SCHERER. 2005. A systems approach to appraisal mechanisms in emotion. Neural
Networks 18:4, 317-352. [CrossRef]
473. Stephan F Taylor, K Luan Phan, Jennifer C Britton, Israel Liberzon. 2005. Neural Response to Emotional Salience in
Schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 30:5, 984-995. [CrossRef]
474. J BRITTON, K PHAN, S TAYLOR, L FIG, I LIBERZON. 2005. Corticolimbic blood flow in posttraumatic stress disorder
during script-driven imagery. Biological Psychiatry 57:8, 832-840. [CrossRef]
475. K PARKER, C BUCKMASTER, K JUSTUS, A SCHATZBERG, D LYONS. 2005. Mild early life stress enhances prefrontal-
dependent response inhibition in monkeys. Biological Psychiatry 57:8, 848-855. [CrossRef]
476. C. Mohr, F. Binkofski, C. Erdmann, C. Büchel, C. Helmchen. 2005. The anterior cingulate cortex contains distinct areas
dissociating external from self-administered painful stimulation: a parametric fMRI study. Pain 114:3, 347-357. [CrossRef]
477. Steven M. Southwick, Meena Vythilingam, Dennis S. Charney. 2005. The Psychobiology of Depression and Resilience to
Stress: Implications for Prevention and Treatment*. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 1:1, 255-291. [CrossRef]
478. M.X Cohen, A.S. Heller, C. Ranganath. 2005. Functional connectivity with anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortices during
decision-making. Cognitive Brain Research 23:1, 61-70. [CrossRef]
479. T HARE, N TOTTENHAM, M DAVIDSON, G GLOVER, B CASEY. 2005. Contributions of amygdala and striatal activity
in emotion regulation. Biological Psychiatry 57:6, 624-632. [CrossRef]
480. Colin Camerer, George Loewenstein, Drazen Prelec. 2005. Neuroeconomics: How Neuroscience Can Inform Economics.
Journal of Economic Literature 43:1, 9-64. [CrossRef]
481. K PHAN, D FITZGERALD, P NATHAN, G MOORE, T UHDE, M TANCER. 2005. Neural substrates for voluntary
suppression of negative affect: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Biological Psychiatry 57:3, 210-219.
[CrossRef]
482. 2005. COMMENTARIES on: Why Emotion Names and Experiences Don't Neatly Pair. Psychological Inquiry 16:1, 11-48.
[CrossRef]
483. Jennifer L. Eberhardt. 2005. Imaging Race. American Psychologist 60:2, 181-190. [CrossRef]
484. Michael I. PosnerGenes and experience shape brain networks of conscious control 150, 173-183. [CrossRef]
485. Daniel G. Dillon, Kevin S. LaBar. 2005. Startle Modulation During Conscious Emotion Regulation Is Arousal-Dependent.
Behavioral Neuroscience 119:4, 1118-1124. [CrossRef]
486. W. A. Cunningham, M. K. Johnson, C. L. Raye, J. C. Gatenby, J. C. Gore, M. R. Banaji. 2004. Separable Neural Components
in the Processing of Black and White Faces. Psychological Science 15:12, 806-813. [CrossRef]
487. Clancy Blair, Rachel Peters, Doug Granger. 2004. Physiological and neuropsychological correlates of approach/withdrawal
tendencies in preschool: Further examination of the behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system scales for young
children. Developmental Psychobiology 45:3, 113-124. [CrossRef]
488. Amir Raz. 2004. Anatomy of attentional networks. The Anatomical Record 281B:1, 21-36. [CrossRef]
489. JEFFREY E. MAX, DONALD A. ROBIN, H. GERRY TAYLOR, KEITH O. YEATES, PETER T. FOX, JACK
L. LANCASTER, FACUNDO F. MANES, KATHERINE MATHEWS, SHANNON AUSTERMANN. 2004. Attention
function after childhood stroke. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 10:07. . [CrossRef]
490. Samuel M. McClure, Jian Li, Damon Tomlin, Kim S. Cypert, Latané M. Montague, P.Read Montague. 2004. Neural Correlates
of Behavioral Preference for Culturally Familiar Drinks. Neuron 44:2, 379-387. [CrossRef]
491. Masao Ito. 2004. ‘Nurturing the brain’ as an emerging research field involving child neurology. Brain and Development 26:7,
429-433. [CrossRef]
492. K OCHSNER. 2004. For better or for worse: neural systems supporting the cognitive down- and up-regulation of negative
emotion. NeuroImage 23:2, 483-499. [CrossRef]
493. A MATHEWS. 2004. On the malleability of emotional encoding. Behaviour Research and Therapy 42:9, 1019-1036.
[CrossRef]
494. Gin S Malhi, Jim Lagopoulos, Perminder Sachdev, Philip B Mitchell, Belinda Ivanovski, Gordon B Parker. 2004. Cognitive
generation of affect in hypomania: an fMRI study. Bipolar Disorders 6:4, 271-285. [CrossRef]
495. Tim Dalgleish. 2004. Timeline: The emotional brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 5:7, 583-589. [CrossRef]
496. D EVANS. 2004. The role of the orbitofrontal cortex in normally developing compulsive-like behaviors and obsessive?
compulsive disorder. Brain and Cognition 55:1, 220-234. [CrossRef]
497. D Baas. 2004. Lateralization of amygdala activation: a systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies. Brain Research
Reviews 45:2, 96-103. [CrossRef]
498. David DeSteno, Nilanjana Dasgupta, Monica Y. Bartlett, Aida Cajdric. 2004. Prejudice From Thin Air. The Effect of Emotion
on Automatic Intergroup Attitudes. Psychological Science 15:5, 319-324. [CrossRef]
499. H. H. Goldsmith, Richard J. Davidson. 2004. Disambiguating the Components of Emotion Regulation. Child Development
75:2, 361-365. [CrossRef]
500. Marc D. Lewis, Jim Stieben. 2004. Emotion Regulation in the Brain: Conceptual Issues and Directions for Developmental
Research. Child Development 75:2, 371-376. [CrossRef]
501. Kathryn J. Lively, David R. Heise. 2004. Sociological Realms of Emotional Experience. American Journal of Sociology
109:5, 1109-1136. [CrossRef]
502. Gin S. Malhi, Jim Lagopoulos, Philip B. Ward, Veena Kumari, Philip B. Mitchell, Gordon B. Parker, Belinda Ivanovski,
Perminder Sachdev. 2004. Cognitive generation of affect in bipolar depression: an fMRI study. European Journal of
Neuroscience 19:3, 741-754. [CrossRef]
503. K Phan. 2004. Neural correlates of individual ratings of emotional salience: a trial-related fMRI study. NeuroImage 21:2,
768-780. [CrossRef]
504. Walter Mischel. 2004. Toward an Integrative Science of the Person. Annual Review of Psychology 55:1, 1-22. [CrossRef]
505. Matthew D. Lieberman, Johanna M. Jarcho, Ajay B. Satpute. 2004. Evidence-Based and Intuition-Based Self-Knowledge:
An fMRI Study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87:4, 421-435. [CrossRef]
506. Katrina Carlsson, Karl Magnus Petersson, Daniel Lundqvist, Andreas Karlsson, Martin Ingvar, Arne Öhman. 2004. Fear
and the Amygdala: Manipulation of Awareness Generates Differential Cerebral Responses to Phobic and Fear-Relevant (but
Nonfeared) Stimuli. Emotion 4:4, 340-353. [CrossRef]
507. A Preston. 2004. Comparison of spiral-in/out and spiral-out BOLD fMRI at 1.5 and 3 T. NeuroImage 21:1, 291-301.
[CrossRef]
508. J. Lévesque, Y. Joanette, B. Mensour, G. Beaudoin, J.-M. Leroux, P. Bourgouin, M. Beauregard. 2004. Neural basis of
emotional self-regulation in childhood. Neuroscience 129:2, 361-369. [CrossRef]
509. NED H. KALIN, STEVEN E. SHELTONA. 2003. Nonhuman Primate Models to Study Anxiety, Emotion Regulation, and
Psychopathology. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1008:1, 189-200. [CrossRef]
510. Daren C. Jackson, Corrina J. Mueller, Isa Dolski, Kim M. Dalton, Jack B. Nitschke, Heather L. Urry, Melissa A. Rosenkranz,
Carol D. Ryff, Burton H. Singer, Richard J. Davidson. 2003. Now you feel it, now you don't: frontal brain electrical asymmetry
and individual differences in emotion regulation. Psychological Science 14:6, 612-617. [CrossRef]
511. Joseph A Sergeant, Hilde Geurts, Stephan Huijbregts, Anouk Scheres, Jaap Oosterlaan. 2003. The top and the bottom of
ADHD: a neuropsychological perspective. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 27:7, 583-592. [CrossRef]
512. Eric E. Nelson, Erin B. McClure, Christopher S. Monk, Eric Zarahn, Ellen Leibenluft, Daniel S. Pine, Monique Ernst. 2003.
Developmental differences in neuronal engagement during implicit encoding of emotional faces: an event-related fMRI study.
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 44:7, 1015-1024. [CrossRef]
513. Peter Mundy. 2003. Annotation: The neural basis of social impairments in autism: the role of the dorsal medial-frontal cortex
and anterior cingulate system. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 44:6, 793-809. [CrossRef]
514. A Schaefer. 2003. Neural correlates of “hot” and “cold” emotional processing: a multilevel approach to the functional anatomy
of emotion. NeuroImage 18:4, 938-949. [CrossRef]
515. 2003. Current Awareness in NMR in Biomedicine. NMR in Biomedicine 16:2, 112-121. [CrossRef]
516. William A. Cunningham, Marcia K. Johnson, J. Chris Gatenby, John C. Gore, Mahzarin R. Banaji. 2003. Neural components
of social evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85:4, 639-649. [CrossRef]