Sec_2.3.

qxd 9/25/08 11:36 AM Page 106

106 CHAPTER 2 Axially Loaded Members

Solution 2.3-2 Copper bar with a tensile load

(a) DOWNWARD DISPLACEMENT ␦ (P ⫽ 180 kN)

PLc (180 kN)(2.0 m)
dc ⫽ ⫽
Ec Ac (120 GPa)(4800 mm2)
⫽ 0.625 mm
(P/2)Ls (90 kN)(0.5 m)
ds ⫽ ⫽
EsAs (200 GPa)(4500 mm2)
⫽ 0.050 mm
d ⫽ dc + ds ⫽ 0.625 mm + 0.050 mm
Lc ⫽ 2.0 m ⫽ 0.675 mm ฀ ;
Ac ⫽ 4800 mm2 (b) MAXIMUM LOAD Pmax (␦max ⫽ 1.0 mm)
Ec ⫽ 120 GPa Pmax dmax dmax
⫽ Pmax ⫽ P a b
Ls ⫽ 0.5 m P d d
As ⫽ 4500 mm2 1.0 mm
Pmax ⫽ (180 kN)a b ⫽ 267 kN ;
Es ⫽ 200 GPa 0.675 mm

Problem 2.3-3 A steel bar AD (see figure) has a cross-sectional

area of 0.40 in.2 and is loaded by forces P1 ⫽ 2700 lb, P2 ⫽ 1800 lb,
and P3 ⫽ 1300 lb. The lengths of the segments of the bar are P1 P2
a ⫽ 60 in., b ⫽ 24 in., and c ⫽ 36 in. P3
6 A B C D
(a) Assuming that the modulus of elasticity E ⫽ 30 ⫻ 10 psi,
calculate the change in length ␦ of the bar. Does the bar a b c
elongate or shorten?
(b) By what amount P should the load P3 be increased so that the
bar does not change in length when the three loads are applied?

Solution 2.3-3 Steel bar loaded by three forces

A ⫽ 0.40 in.2 P1 ⫽ 2700 lb P2 ⫽ 1800 lb (a) CHANGE IN LENGTH

d⫽ g
NiLi
P3 ⫽ 1300 lb E ⫽ 30 ⫻ 106 psi
EiAi
AXIAL FORCES 1
⫽ (N L + NBCLBC + NCDLCD)
NAB ⫽ P1 ⫹ P2 ⫺ P3 ⫽ 3200 lb EA AB AB
NBC ⫽ P2 ⫺ P3 ⫽ 500 lb
NCD ⫽ ⫺P3 ⫽ ⫺1300 lb