Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Aegle marmelos leaves extract in alloxan induced

Diabetic mice
Asha Jhajharia , Dr. Krishan Kumar
Department of Food & Biotechnology and allied science Faculty of Engineering and technology ,
Jayoti vidyapeeth women's university, Jaipur (Rajasthan),

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the very general disorder of metabolism characterized by continuous
hyperglycaemia, that is caused by disturbance in lipid metabolism, carbohydrates and protein [1]. DM
is considered as the third largest disease affecting population after Malignancy and circulatory system
diseases [2]. It was found that 15% of mortality in present scenario is due to diabetes, further it is
estimated that it will increase by 50% in the next 10 years [3].
As there is challenge in DM control without side effects ,to counter the side effects of artificial
drugs plants derived drugs may aid critically in the DM [6] treatment. Active medicinal constituents
are been isolated from drug plant are been increasingly used for the preventing and treating of various
diseases such as DM, Cancers, heart problems etc. [7,8]. Till date, a large amount of plant species had
been reported and studied about their hypoglycemic antioxidant and anti lipidemic effects [9].
Aegle marmelos (A. marmelos), belongs to family of Rutaceae having medicinal properties .It is
also locally known as Bael, Bengal quince, golden apple ,stone apple tree and etc. It belongs to an
average height tree that can grow up to 14-16 m .It is having short trunk, thick, soft, flaking bark and
spreading, sometimes spiny branches [10].
Only few studies had presented the pharmacologic activities of ethanoic extracts of Aegle
marmelos Leaves until now. Various researchers earlier presented and shown that a. Marmelos have
properties pertaining to anticancer, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, analgesic
and antiviral properties. [7,8]A.marmelos leaf extract was demonstrated to reduce serum cholesterol
in alloxan diabetic mice and posses antihyperlipidemic effect in mice[9]. In this present work ,
evaluation of the hyperglycaemic and hypolipidemic conditions of Aegle marmelos leaf extract in
diabetes induced by alloxan in mice had been attempted.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Plant fro Study
Fresh leaves of Aegle marmelos were from Department of Food & Biotechnology and allied science
Faculty of Engineering and technology , Jayoti vidyapeeth women's university, Jaipur (Rajasthan)
and were identified and preserved at herbarium by experts at department of Botany at Rajasthan
University Jaipur.
Animal Selected for study .
Swiss Albino mice of both sex , that are about 25-35 g weight were purchased from the animal
husbandry Bareilly, U.P. , India . Mice were allowed to adopt in present conditions of animal housing
for two weeks before taken in consideration for the study .The mice were caged that meets the minimum
standards of cleanliness. They were having free access to water and standard diet.
Preparation of Ethanoic extract of Aegle marmelos leaves.
The Aegle marmelos leaves ethanoic extract was prepared carefully by drying leaves in shade
which were then grinded to fine powder further 500 g of leaves were stirred of in a solvent composed
of 700 ml ethanol 70% and 300 ml distilled water at room temperature. The solvent was filtered by a
double-layered muslin cloth. The combined filtrates was extracted using Soxhlet setup.

Phyto-chemical testing of Aegle marmelos leaves extract.

A.marmelos leaves ethanoic extract was tested for detecting its numerous chemical constituents
including alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, glycosides.
Diabetes Induction .
Diabetes was induced in mice by a applying a single intraperitoneal injection(i.p.) of alloxan
monohydrate .The mixture has to be taken freshly for effective use . The dosage for experiment was
kept 150 mg/kg body weight.. After 72 hours of the injection fasting blood samples were obtained to
estimate serum glucose. Mice having serum glucose value higher than 250 mg/dL were classified as
diabetic and were considered for conducting study [32].
Design of Experiment
After the acclimation of animals for study, they were divided into groups. Whole experiment
was divided into several treatment groups. The experimental models were then administered the various
plant extract and medicine treatment for 28 days. The control and experimental groups consisted of 6
animals each.
Group I: Control or Intact: The group consisted of non-diabetic mice without any alloxan induced
diabetes induction. They received drug vehicle only i.e. normal saline water for 28 days orally.
Group II: Diabetic Control: The group contained alloxan induced diabetic mice. They received drug
vehicle for 28 days according to their respective treatments without any plant extract administration.
Group III: Diabetic + Aegel marmelos treatment 70 % Ethanol Solution 100mg/kg dose: The group
consisted of alloxan induced diabetic mice, which were given Aegel marmelos extract (100mg/kg body
weight) treatment for 28 days.
Group IV: Diabetic + Aegel marmelos treatment 70 % Ethanol Solution 200mg/kg dose: The group
consisted of alloxan induced diabetic mice, which were given Aegel marmelos extract (200mg/kg body
weight) treatment for 28 days.
Group V: Diabetic + Aegel marmelos treatment 70 % Ethanol Solution 300mg/kg dose: The group
consist of alloxan induced diabetes mice, which were given Aegel marmelos extract (300mg/kg body
weight) treatment for 28 days.
Group VI: Diabetic + Aegel marmelos treatment 70 % Ethanol Solution 400mg/kg dose: The group
consist of alloxan induced diabetes mice, which were given Aegel Marmelos extract (400mg/kg body
weight) treatment for 28 days.
Group VII: Diabetic + Aegel marmelos treatment 70 % Ethanol Solution 500mg/kg dose: The group
consist of alloxan induced diabetes mice, which were given Aegel Marmelos extract (500mg/kg body
weight) treatment for 28 days
Group VIII: Diabetic + Glibenclamide treatment: Diabetes mice were given with Glibenclamide (5
mg/Kg body weight) in aqueous solution daily introgastric tube for 28 days. Food and water were
provided the duration of treatment was 28 days.

During the experimental period the animals were initially weighed ,then at every week, and at
the end of the study.