STRUCTURAL COMPUTATION

OF

CONSTRUCTION OF PAL-LIM MANGO PACKAGING CENTER

PALUGSI-LAMINSANGAN, BAUANG, LA UNION

Prepared by:

ENGR. KARL JUMA M. JACLA

Civil Engineer

PRC Reg. No. : 129284

PTR No. : 1567371
Date Issued : 2/20/2020
Place Issued : SAN FERNANDO CITY, LA UNION
TIN : 316 828 993

Page 1 of 9
 CONSTRUCTION OF PAL-LIM MANGO PACKAGING CENTER
PALUGSI-LAMINSANGAN, BAUANG, LA UNION
Owner: PRDP

DESIGN OF SLABS
A. DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB (S-1)
Direct Design Method
Design Specifications
L1 = 4.00 m column size = 0.30m x 0.40m a1 = 1 (short direction)
L2 = 7.00 m beam size = 0.25m x 0.40m a2 = 1.25 (long direction)
Fy = 275 Mpa f'c = 20.7 Mpa cc = 25 mm

Considering the interior slab

1 Relative a values
a1 x L2/L1 = 1.75 am = 2x(a1 + a2)/4 = 1.23
a2 x L1/L2 = 0.71

2 Slab thickness, t Design

t = Ln (800 + 0.73Fy) = 146.56 mm
36,000 + 5000b [am - 0.12(1 + 1/b)]

where: Ln = L2 - column width = 6.70 m

Ln = L1 - column width = 3.60 m
b = (Ln long/Ln short) direction clear span ratio = 1.86

It should not be less than

tmin = Ln (800 + 0.73Fy) = 127.11 mm ok
36000 + 9000b

It should not be more than

tmax = Ln (800 + 0.73Fy) = 186.25 mm ok
36000

Try t = 150 mm for all two way slabs

3 Design moments
Dead Load = W slab + W ceiling+finish = 4.53 Kpa L1 = 4 m
Live Load = 4.8 Kpa L2 = 7 m
f = 0.9

Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL (consider 1-m strip) = 13.12 Kpa

Long Span:
Mu = Wu L1 Ln2 /8 =
2
294.42 KN m; Mn = Mu/f = 327.13 KN m

Distribution of Mn between section of positive and negative moment

at midspan: +Mms = 0.35 Mn = 114.49 KN m
at support: -Ms = 0.65 Mn = -212.63 KN m

Percentage of moment at support

Column strip:
a2 = 1.25 L1/L2 = 0.57 a2L1/L2 = 0.71
By interpolation:
L1/L2 a2L1/L2
0.5 90 x x = 2.14 %
0.57 ? %M = 87.86 %
1 75

Code assigns 85% of the column strip moment to the beam

Column strip negative Mn = -186.81 KN m
Beam negative Mn = -158.79 KN m
Slab negative Mn = -28.02 KN m = -14.01 KN m /half strip

Page 2 of 9
 Column strip positive Mn = 100.59 KN m
Beam positive Mn = 85.50 KN m
Slab positive Mn = 15.09 KN m = 7.54 KN m /half strip

Middle strip (takes the remaining moment)

Middle strip negative Mn = -25.82 KN m
Middle strip positive Mn = 13.90 KN m

Short Span:
Mu = Wu L2 Ln1 /8 =
2
148.75 KN m; Mn = Mu/f = 165.28 KN m

Distribution of Mn between section of positive and negative moment

at midspan: +Mms = 0.35 Mn = 57.85 KN m
at support: -Ms = 0.65 Mn = -107.43 KN m

Percentage of moment at support

Column strip:
a1 = 1 a1L2/L1 = 1.75
L2/L1 = 1.75

By interpolation:
L2/L1 a1L2/L1
1 75 x x = 22.50 %
1.75 ? %M = 52.50 %
2 45
Code assigns 85% of the column strip moment to the beam
Column strip negative Mn = -56.40 KN m
Beam negative Mn = -47.94 KN m
Slab negative Mn = -8.46 KN m = -4.23 KN m /half strip

Column strip positive Mn = 30.37 KN m

Beam positive Mn = 25.81 KN m
Slab positive Mn = 4.56 KN m = 2.28 KN m /half strip

Middle strip (takes the remaining moment)

Middle strip negative Mn = -51.03 KN m
Middle strip positive Mn = 27.48 KN m

Fy 275 Mpa LONG SPAN SHORT SPAN

-M +M -M +M
Slab thickness, t (mm) 150 150
Steel reinforcement f (mm) 10 10
Middle Strips
Strip Width, b (mm) 1000 1000
Mn (KN m) 327.13 165.28
Mn (KN m) -25.82 13.90 -51.03 27.48
d (mm) 125 125 125 100
As = [Mn(106)]/[Fy(0.95d)] (mm2) 790.65 425.74 1562.62 1051.76
Min As = 0.002bt (mm2) 300 300 300 300
Spacing, S = Af b /As (mm) 99.34 261.80 50.26 74.67
Max S = 2t (mm) 300 300 300 300
Column Strips
Strip Width, b (mm) 1000 1000
Mn (KN m) 327.13 165.28
Mn (KN m) -14.01 7.54 -4.23 2.28
d (mm) 125 125 125 100
As = [Mn(106)]/[Fy(0.95d)] (mm2) 429.05 231.02 129.53 87.19
Min As = 0.002bt (mm2) 300 300 300 300
Spacing, S = Af b /As (mm) 261.80 261.80 261.80 261.80
Max S = 2t (mm) 300 300 300 300
Adopted Spacing, S (mm)
Middle Strips (10mm bars) 200 200
Column Strips (10mm bars) 200 200

Page 3 of 9
DESIGN OF BEAMS
A. FLOOR BEAM, FB1
1 Design loads
TA = 40.00 m2 Slab Thickness = 150 mm
Beam size: b = 0.40 m Beam span L = 7 m
h= 0.35 m LL = 4800 Pa
d= 0.34 m
Dead loads: W slab = 141.24 KN
W c+f = 28.8 KN
W beam = 23.07
WDL = 193.11 KN = 27.59 KN/m
Live loads: WLL = 192 KN = 27.43 KN/m
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL = 90.78 KN/m

2 Design Moments
Assuming fully restrained beam
Max. +Moment = WuL2/24 = 185.35 KN m
Max. -Moment = -WuL2/12 = -370.70 KN m
Max. Shear = WuL/2 = 317.74 KN
3 Reinforcement Design
At Support (Negative Moment)
Mu = -370.70 KN m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 411.89 KN m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.3rbal = 0.011
As1 = rbd = 1510.34 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 59.01 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 127.92 KN m < 370.70 KN m
Treat as doubly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 7.5 say 8 pcs
Reinforcement:
8 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

At Midspan (Positive Moment)

Mu = 185.35 KN/m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 205.94 KN/m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.15rbal = 0.006
As1 = rbd = 755.17 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 29.51 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 67.03 KN m < 185.35 KN m
Treat as doubly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 3.8 say 2 pcs
Reinforcement:
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
4 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

4 Stirrup
Vu = 317.74 KN Vcr = Vu - Wu d = 287.10 KN
Shear capacity of beam

Page 4 of 9
 Vc = √(f'c)bd/6 = 102.37 KN
Vn = fVc/2 = 43.51 KN < 287.10
Stirrup is needed
Vs = Vcr/f - Vn = 294.26 KN
Using 10mmǾ AǾ = 78.54 mm2
Spacing S = AǾFyd/Vs = 49.54 mm
Max S = d/2 = 168.75 mm
Use 10mmǾ stirrups spaced @: 3 @ 50mm; 2 @ 100mm; 2 rest @ 150mm

B. FLOOR BEAM, FB2

1 Design loads
TA = 20.00 m2 Slab Thickness = 150 mm
Beam size: b = 0.25 m Beam span L = 7 m
h= 0.40 m LL = 4800 Pa
d= 0.39 m
Dead loads: W slab = 70.62 KN
W c+f = 14.4 KN
W beam = 16.48
WDL = 101.50 KN = 14.50 KN/m
Live loads: WLL = 96 KN = 13.71 KN/m
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL = 39.34 KN/m

2 Design Moments
Assuming fully restrained beam
Max. +Moment = WuL2/24 = 80.32 KN m
Max. -Moment = -WuL2/12 = -160.65 KN m
Max. Shear = WuL/2 = 137.70 KN
3 Reinforcement Design
At Support (Negative Moment)
Mu = -160.65 KN m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 178.50 KN m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.25rbal = 0.009
As1 = rbd = 903.17 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 56.46 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 89.23 KN m < 160.65 KN m
Treat as doubly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 4.5 say 5 pcs
Reinforcement:
5 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

At Midspan (Positive Moment)

Mu = 80.32 KN/m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 89.25 KN/m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.2rbal = 0.007
As1 = rbd = 722.54 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 45.17 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 72.51 KN m < 80.32 KN m
Treat as doubly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 3.6 say 4 pcs

Page 5 of 9
 Reinforcement:
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
4 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

4 Stirrup
Vu = 137.70 KN Vcr = Vu - Wu d = 122.45 KN
Shear capacity of beam
Vc = √(f'c)bd/6 = 73.46 KN
Vn = fVc/2 = 31.22 KN < 122.45
Stirrup is needed
Vs = Vcr/f - Vn = 112.84 KN
Using 10mmǾ AǾ = 78.54 mm2
Spacing S = AǾFyd/Vs = 148.34 mm
Max S = d/2 = 193.75 mm
Use 10mmǾ stirrups spaced @: 3 @ 50mm; 2 @ 100mm; rest @ 150mm o.c.

DESIGN OF COLUMNS
A. EXTERIOR COLUMNS (C1)
Trial Section
b = 300 mm Ag = 120000 mm2
h = 400 mm Ast = 2513.2741 mm2
Ǿbar = 20 mm Ǿtie = 10 mm
n = 8 pcs

Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa ǿ = 0.7
Fy = 275 MPa β = 0.85

1 Axial loads
PDL = 96.55 kN PLL = 96.00 kN
Pu = (1.2DL + 1.6LL)x1.5 = 404.20 kN (for one side only)
PuTotal = Pu x no. of sides x no. of floors = 2425.19 kN

2 Check capacity of column

Puall = ǿ 0.80 [ 0.85f'c (Ag - Ast) + FyAst ]
Puall = 1544.66 kN
since: Puall < Pu then: The column section is safe!

3 Check steel ratio

ρact = Ast/Ag = 0.021
ρmax = 0.85f'cβ (600) = 0.037
Fy (600 + Fy)
ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005
0.005 0.021 0.037
since: ρmin < ρact < ρmax then: The steel ratio is safe!

4 Lateral ties
s = 16 (Ǿbar) = 320 mm
s = 48 (Ǿtie) = 480 mm
s = least dimension = 300 mm
Thus: Use 8 - 16mm dia bar with 10mm dia lateral ties @ 200mm o.c.

B. INTERIOR COLUMNS (C2)

Trial Section
b = 300 mm Ag = 120000 mm2
h = 400 mm Ast = 1206.3716 mm2
Ǿbar = 16 mm Ǿtie = 10 mm
n = 6 pcs

Page 6 of 9
 Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa ǿ = 0.7
Fy = 275 MPa β = 0.85

1 Axial loads
PDL = 96.55 kN PLL = 96.00 kN
Pu = (1.2DL + 1.6LL)x1.5 = 404.20 kN (for one side only)
PuTotal = Pu x no. of sides x no. of floors = 1616.79 kN

2 Check capacity of column

Puall = ǿ 0.80 [ 0.85f'c (Ag - Ast) + FyAst ]
Puall = 1356.28 kN
since: Puall > Pu then: The column section is safe!

3 Check steel ratio

ρact = Ast/Ag = 0.010
ρmax = 0.85f'cβ (600) = 0.037
Fy (600 + Fy)
ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005
0.005 0.010 0.037
since: ρmin < ρact < ρmax then: The steel ratio is safe!

4 Lateral ties
s = 16 (Ǿbar) = 256 mm
s = 48 (Ǿtie) = 480 mm
s = least dimension = 300 mm
Thus: Use 8 - 16mm dia bar with 10mm dia lateral ties @ 200mm o.c.

DESIGN OF FOOTING
A. INTERIOR FOOTING (F1)
Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa H = 1500 mm
Fy = 275 MPa h = 300 mm
Ǿbar = 16 mm qall = 190 kPa (assume)
σconc = 23.5 kN/m3 σsoil = 15.7 kN/m 3
(assume)
colb = 300 mm cc = 100 mm
colh = 400 mm ǿ = 0.85

1 Service loads
PT = PDL + PLL = 1155.33 kN

2 Base dimensions
qnet = qall - [ hσconc + Hσsoil ] = 159.40 kPa
Areqd = PT / qnet = 7.25 m2
B2 = Areqd B = 2.69 m
Trial section:
B = 2 m Aact = 4 m2

3 Soil pressure due to factored loads

PU = 1.2DL + 1.6LL = 1616.79 kN
qu = PU / Aact = 404.20 kPa

4 Check punching shear

d = h - cc = 200 mm
b = colb + d = 500 mm
c = colh + d = 600 mm
bo = [2b + 2c] = 2200 mm2
Vu = PU - q u x b x c = 1495.53 kN

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 ǿVc = 0.33ǿ bo d √f'c = 561.53 kN
since: ǿVc < Vu → UNSAFE

5 Check beam shear

x1 = (B - colb - 2d)/2 = 0.65 m
Vu = q u B x1 = 525.46 kN

ǿVc = 0.17ǿ B d √f'c = 262.97 kN

since: ǿVc < Vu → UNSAFE

6 Design of reinforcement
x2 = (B - colb)/2 = 0.85 m
Mu = qu B x /2
2
2
= 292.03326 kN m
Mu = ǿf'c Bd ω (1-0.59ω)
2

ω2 - 1.69ω + 0.33211 = 0
ω = = 0.227
ρ = ωf'c/Fy = 0.017

ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005

use ρ = = 0.005
As = ρ Bd = 2036.36 mm2

n = Ast/AǾ = 10.13
say 8 pcs
Thus: Use 8 16mm dia bar on both sides of footing.

B. EXTERIOR FOOTING (F2)

Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa H = 500 mm
Fy = 275 MPa h = 300 mm
Ǿbar = 16 mm qall = 190 kPa (assume)
σconc = 23.5 kN/m3 σsoil = 15.7 kN/m3 (assume)
colb = 300 mm cc = 100 mm
colh = 400 mm ǿ = 0.85

1 Service loads
PT = PDL + PLL = 770.22 kN

2 Base dimensions
qnet = qall - [ hσconc + Hσsoil ] = 175.10 kPa
Areqd = PT / qnet = 4.40 m2
B2 = Areqd B = 2.10 m
Trial section:
B = 1.2 m Aact = 1.44 m2

3 Soil pressure due to factored loads

PU = 1.2DL + 1.6LL = 1077.86 kN
qu = PU / Aact = 748.52 kPa

4 Check punching shear

d = h - cc = 200 mm
b = colb + d = 500 mm
c = colh + d = 600 mm
bo = [2b + 2c] = 2200 mm2
Vu = PU - q u x b x c = 853.31 kN

ǿVc = 0.33ǿ bo d √f'c = 561.53 kN

since: ǿVc < Vu → UNSAFE

Page 8 of 9
5 Check beam shear
x1 = (B - colb - 2d)/2 = 0.25 m
Vu = q u B x1 = 224.55 kN

ǿVc = 0.17ǿ B d √f'c = 157.78 kN

since: ǿVc < Vu → UNSAFE

6 Design of reinforcement
x2 = (B - colb)/2 = 0.45 m
Mu = qu B x22/2 = 90.944613 kN m
Mu = ǿf'c Bd2 ω (1-0.59ω)
ω2 - 1.69ω + 0.17237 = 0
ω = = 0.109
ρ = ωf'c/Fy = 0.008

ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005

use ρ = = 0.005
As = ρ Bd = 1221.82 mm2

n = Ast/AǾ = 6.08
say 7 pcs
Thus: Use 7 16mm dia bar on both sides of footing.

Page 9 of 9