Daennielle T.

Perez 3B1
MAMMALIAN MUSCULATURE
(RABBIT)

Name of the Description Origin (O) Insertion (I) Action (A)

muscle

I. DERMAL INTEGUMENTARY MUSCLE

 It covers the entire lateral surface of

1. Cutaneous maximus
2. Platysma
the thorax and abdomen Outer surface of Serves to shake the
Skin
 Chiefly an outgrowth of the pectoral Latissimus dorsi skin
muscles
 Chief dermal muscle derived from the To move the lips,
Skin of the ears,
 Found on the under surface of the muscles of the hyoid cheeks, eyelids, ears,
eyelids, lips, etc.
skin of the neck and the head arch by extension etc.

II. ABDOMINAL WALL

 Large muscle constituting the Extensive neurosis

Lumbodorsal fascia and Constrictor of the
1. External Oblique outermost layer of the abdominal which passes from the
by posterior ribs abdomen
wall linea alba
Second sheet of the
 Short muscle lying beneath the
lumbordorsal fascia, Linea alba by the Compressor of the
2. Internal Oblique more dorsal portion of the external
posterior ribs and extensive aponeurosis abdomen
oblique
inguinal ligament
Second sheet of the
3. Transversus  Its fibers are directed ventrally and lumbordorsal fascia, Linea alba by the Compressor of the
abdominis slightly posteriorly posterior ribs and extensive aponeurosis abdomen
inguinal ligament
 Long slender muscle on each side Retracts ribs and
of the linea alba, extending from the Anterior end of the pubic Sternum and coastal sternum and
4. Rectus abdominis
pubic symphysis to the anterior part symphysis cartilages compresses
of the thorax abdomen
Daennielle T. Perez 3B1

III. EPAXIAL MUSCLES

 Great thick mass of muscle

enclosed in a tough shining fascia
Ribs, transverse
Ilium, scarum, and processes of the
Longissimus  Lies directly above the iliocostalis
vertebrae vertebrae and adjacent
fasciae
Iliocostalis  Ilium and fascia of the longissimus ribs
Internal intercostal  Between the costal cartilages the Margins of the vertebral Margins of the Lower the ribs
internal costals are not covered but and sternal ribs vertebral and sternal
the external intercostals ribs
Transverse spinalis  Compromise the spinalis nearest Tendons on the On more interior
the vertebrae and the more lateral vertebral spines and vertebrae and the skill
or deeper semispinalis neural arches

IV. MUSCLES OF THE CHEST

 Covers most of the surface of the

chest but the insertion is concealed Draws the arm
1. Pectoralis Major Whole Sternum Humerus
by a muscle coming down from the towards the chest
head (clavodeltoid)
 Slender muscle at the anterior end
Manubrium of the Draws the arm
2. Pectoralis primus of the preceding and covering its Humerus
sternum towards the chest
anterior fibers
Draws arm and
Clavicle and spine of
3. Pectoralis minor  Similar muscle to pectoralis major Manubrium shoulder towards the
the scapula
chest

V. MUSCLES OF THE NECK AND THE THROAT

1. Special portion of the


platysma
Daennielle T. Perez 3B1
 Long muscle in the median line of
Draws the hyoid
the neck, the two member s o f the Manubrium of the Anterior horn of the
2. Sternohyoid posteriorly or raises
pair being closely fused in the sternum hyoid
the sternum
median
 Long muscle on each side of the
preceding, the two members of the
Singly turn the head
pair converging toward the Ventral to the origin of Mastoid process of the
3. Sternomastoid and depress the head
manubrium of the sternum from the preceding skull
on the neck
which they originate ventral to the
origin of the preceding
Mastoid region of the Elevates clavicle or
4. Cleidomastoid  Dorsal to the sternomastoid Clavicle
skull turns the head
 Slightly lateral to the preceding at
Elevates clavicle or
5. Basioclavicularis its cranial end but crosses ventral to Occipital bone Clavicle
turns the head
it caudally
 Continuation of the two preceding
6.Clavodeltoid Clavicle Humerus Raises the humerus
muscles
Outer surface of the
 Great mass of muscle covering the
7. Masseter Zygomatic arch posterior end of the Closes the lower jaw
angle of jaw
mandible
 The muscle along the ventral
surface of each half of the jaw Ventral surface of the Opens the jaw
8. Digastric Occipital bone
bone, terminating in a slender mandible (depressor of the jaw)
tendon
 Thin sheet of muscle crossing Raises the floor of the
Median ventral line
9. Mylohyoid transversely between and dorsal to Mandible mouth and brings the
(raphe) and the hyoid
the two digastric hyoid forward
 Can be found on each side of the Pulls the larynx
10. Sternothyroid Sternum Thyroid cartilage
trachea, dorsal to the sternothyroid posteriorly
 Thin muscle at each side of the
larynx

11. Thyrohyoid Thyroid cartilage Hyoid Raises the larynx

Daennielle T. Perez 3B1

VI. MUSCLES OF THE UPPER BACK AND SHOULDER AND BACK OF THE NECK

 Large, flat muscle extending On the crest on the

Lumbodorsal fascia and Draws the arm
1. Latissimus dorsi obliquely from the middle of the medial side of the
posterior ribs caudad and dorsad
back to the forelimb humerus
Anterior T. : External
occipital protuburance of Anterior T. :
Anterior T. : Draws
the skull and ligament in metacromion process
 These two muscles are flat, thin the scapula and limb
the middorsal line and nearby muscles of
2. Anterior and muscles covering the upper and upward and forward
the fascia
Posterior Trapezius back of the neck anterior to the
Posterior T. :
latissimus dorsi Posterior T. : Draws
Lumbodorsal fascia and Posterior T. : Spine of
the scapula dorsally
the neural spines of the the scapula
thoracic vertebrae
Ventral surface of the
 Long, slender muscle runs along Metacromion process
3. Levator scapulae skull at the suture Pulls the scapula
the ventral border of the anterior in common with the
ventralis or major between occipital and anteriorly
trspezius anterior trapezius
basisphenoid
 Large thick muscle extending from
Middorsal ligament of Draws scapula
thevertebral border of the scapula Vertebral border of the
4. Rhomboideus the neck and succeeding toward vertebral
to the middorsal line of the scapula
neural spines column
rhomboideus.
 Fairly broad but thin muscle on the Singly turns the head,
Middorsal line of neck Occipital region of the
5. Splenius back of the anterior part of the neck together raise the
and adjacent fascia skull and atlas
under the anterior trapezius head
Greater tuberosity of
6. Supraspinatus  Supraspinous fossa Extends the humerus
the humerus
 There are three deltoids in the
rabbit
 1st : Clavodeltoid
7. Deltoids  2nd : small triangular muscle lateral Acromion process Humerus Raises the humerus
to the clavodeltoid
 3rd : lateral to the second and is
longer muscle
8. Infraspinatus  Infraspinous fossa Greater tuberosity of Extends the humerus
Daennielle T. Perez 3B1
the humerus
 Stout muscle along the axillary Humerus in common Draws humerus
Dorsal half of the axillary
9. Teres major border of the scapula behind the with the latissimus against body and
border of the scapula
preceding dorsi rotates it.
Ventral half of the Draws humerus
Greater tuberosity of
10. Teres minor  Small stout muscle axillary border of the against body and
the humerus
scapula rotates it.
 Slender bandlike muscle lies in
11. Rhomboideus cntact with the inner surface of the Posterior end of the
Side of the skull above Draws scapula
capitis (levator scapulae rhomboideus and passes along the vertebral border on the
the tympanic bulla craniad and rotates it
manor) external surface of the splenius to medial side
be connected with the skull
 Large muscle, completely covers Pulls the humerus
Medial surface of the Lesser tuberosity of
12. Subscapularis the medial or inner surface of the toward the median
scapula the humerus
scapula ventral line
Anterior: transverse
process of the cervical
 Fan-shaped muscle extending Vertebral border of the Draws the scapula
vertebrae
13. Serratus ventralis anteriorly and posteriorly from the scapula above the forward, backward or
scapula to the walls of the thorax subscapularis against the body
Posterior: seven slips
from the ribs
 Several long, flat muscles
extending from the transverse Raise the ribs and
14. Scalenes
processes of the cervical vertebrae bend the neck
to the ribs
Tendon from the
Raises the ribs
15. Serratus dorsalis  middorsal line of the
craniad
neck
External intercoastals:
External intercoastals: anterior margins of the
External
posterior margins of the succeeding vertebral
intercoastals: pull the
ventral rib ribs
 Chief muscles concerned in the ribs forward
16. Intercoastals
respiratory movement of the thorax
Internal intercoastals: Internal intercoastals:
Internal intercoastals:
margins of the vertebral margins of the
lower the ribs
and sternal ribs vertebral and sternal
ribs
Daennielle T. Perez 3B1
17. Epaxial muscles of  Running along the dorsal part of
the thorax the thorax

VII. MUSCLES OF THE UPPER ARM

Long head: scapula

Lateral head: greater Long head, lateral
 Great extensor mass on the back of
1. Triceps brachii tuberosity of the head & medial head: Extends the forearm
the upper arm
humerus olecranon
Medial head: humerus*
Lower part of the fascia
2. Epitrochearis or In common with the
 in the middle sirface of Olecranon
extensor antibrachii triceps
the long head
3. Biceps brachii  Spindle-shaped muscle Glenoid fossa Ulna and radius Flexor of the forearm
 Lateral to the biceps and in contact Ventral and lateral
4. Branchialis Ulna and radius Flexor of the forearm
with the humerus surface of the humerus

VIII. MUSCLES OF THE THIGH AND SHANK

1. Tensor fasciae latae  Short muscle Illium In the fascia Tightens the fascia
Smaller anterior head:
Neural spines of the
 Posterior to the fascia occupying By a tendon on the Abductor of the thight
adjacent vertebrae
2. Biceps femoris the middle portion of the lateral knee cap and on the and flexor of the
surface of the thigh fascia of the shank shank
Larger posterior head:
ischial tuberosity
 A thin muscle whose posterior part Third trochanter, the
Fascia of the sacrum
3. Gluteus maximus is partly covered by the biceps small projection below Abducts the thigh
and the part of the ilium
femoris the great trochanter
Crest and anterior part
4. Gluteus medius  Greater trochanter Abducts the thigh
of the ilium
Tibia and patella and
Greater trochanter
the tendon which Powerful extensor of
5. Vastus lateralis  Stout muscle dorsal to the insertion of
extends over the the shank
the gluteus medius
patella
6. Vastus intermedius  Posterior to the preceding muscle Greater trochanter and Tibia and patella and Powerful extensor of
Daennielle T. Perez 3B1
7. Rectus femoris
8. Vastus medialis
9. Sartorius
10. Gracilis
11. Adductor longus
(Anterior)
12. Adductor magnus
(Posterior)
13. Semitendinosus
14. Semimembranosus
15. Tibialis anterior
16. Peroneus
17. Gastrocnemius
surface of the femur the tendon which the shank
extends over the
patella
 Thin muscle which is folded over Tibia and patella and
the anterior margin of the thigh the tendon which Powerful extensor of
Ilium and the fascia lata
 Extends on both lateral and medial extends over the the shank
surfaces of the thigh patella
Tibia and patella and
 Medial side of the thigh posterior to the tendon which Powerful extensor of
Femur
the first part of the rectus femoris. extends over the the shank
patella
 Long very narrow muscle extending
Adductor of the thigh
like a band along the middle of the Inguinal ligament Tibia
Extensor of the shank
medial surface of the thigh
Fascia of the distal
 Large thin muscle over the posterior
portion of the thigh and
half of the medial surface of the Pubic symphysis Adductor of the leg
proximal portion of the
thigh
shank
 Stout muscle
Various parts of the
 Fibers running from the median Femur Adductors of the thigh
ischium
ventral line to the femur
Medial condyle of the
 Cylindrical muscle Ischial tuberosity Flexor of the shank
tibia
 Forms the posterior margin of the
Fascia over the biceps Gracilis in the fascia of
thigh, between the biceps femoris Flexor of the shank
and ischial tuberosity the shank
and the adductor magnus
 Most Anterior of the muscles of the Lateral condyle and
Second metatarsal Flexor of the foot
lateral tuberosity of the tibia
 Next dorsal to the preceding on the
lateral surface, consisting of a
Tibia and fibula Metatarsal Flexor of the foot
group of several more or less fused
muscles
Lateral and medial
 Thin but broad muscle forming the
condyles of the femur Tendon of Achilles Extensor of the foot
caudal surface of the shank
and tibia
Daennielle T. Perez 3B1
 Muscle just internal to the part of
18. Soleus Head of the fibula Tendon of Achilles Extensor of the foot
the gastrocnemius
 Situated internal to that part of the Lateral condyle of the
19. Plantaris Tendon of Achilles Extensor of the foot
gastrocnemius which is medial femur
 Extensor hallucis longus
20. Other muscles of
 Extensor digitorum longus
the shank (Optional)
 Flexor difitorum longus