Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies

particularly on the Proposed Computerized Hotel Management System of

County State Hotel at District 04, Tumauini Isabela.

Related Literature

Local

According to Delizo, Et Al, (2013) Online Hotel Reservation System

(OHRS) is efficient and brilliant software, yet it is easy and

uncomplicated to use. OHRS grants complete authority and power on

hotel or motel room booking over the internet. This entails that one can

accumulate all guest payments; enter own room descriptions, facilities,

rates and allocations into the Reservation System. OHRS also allows to

confirm accommodation in real-time at hotel’s web site and close the sale

without more ado. There are several benefits of OHRS. It makes the

reservation process computerized and thus helps one to undertake a

large amount of transactions at a low cost. It enables one to check

available inventory and complete an online booking from making the

reservation process more efficient and less time consuming. OHRS assist

hotel’s guest and agents with different payment options such as

credit/debit cards. The system can track hotel’s performance on a

regular basis as all information concerning payments in updated online

and sent to the reservation manager by means of e-mail.1

According to Marco Polo (March, 2013) Guesthouse online

reservation system is to provide online room reservation, hotel

information and tourist information. The online system had stated out

the contact person’s number and email clearly. In case visitors have any

questioners, they can call or write to the contact person. Suggestions

from guest are good to help the hotel business growing. Anyway, the

online system did not provide an instant booking system. Guests will

have to wait for confirmation within 24 hours after their booking. To

enhance the current system, system is developed to enables guest have

availability checks and instant confirmation of the booking. The purpose

of this feature is to save valuable time and to cut cost, as it will eliminate

email exchanges between guests and reservation department. Valuable

reservations staff time is saved because reservation requests will no

longer have to be processed. Although the online system had included

the picture for the bedroom, kitchen and dining room, visitors only can

view of it. With a more advance feature provide in developed system,

visitors will be able to view the whole room, for every angle of the room.

The current online system for Marco Polo Guesthouse did not include the

1
Online Hotel Reservation System (OHRS) (2013). Retrieved on November 26, 2017 9:24
pm from
<https://www.academia.edu/14925294/Hotel_Information_with_Online_Reservation_a
nd_Billing_System_for_Yuj_Inn_Hostel >
management for housekeeping. In addition to enhance the functionality

of developed system, a ‘Housekeeping’ features added for housekeeper to

perform their daily work.2

Foreign

According to Louw, Door Janne, (2013). Description with UML

Hotel Reservation System. Developed a hotel management system that

can be used online. This system allows the guests to do their booking

online by them self. Some of task that the system can do are providing a

query for arriving date and the length of staying, providing the number of

On rooms, view all available rooms and provides user the ability to

choose one or more of them, recording the number of on rooms, view all

available rooms and provides the user the ability to choose one or more

of them, recording kind of guests and how many going to be in the single

room, providing the cost of booking, asking the users if they want

additional service; such as, dinner or breakfast, storing the guests detail;

like, name, address and telephone, asking the user for confirmation, final

confirmation views with the detail of booking and the guests can review

or cancel the booking.

According to Jun Rey Esparago (2013) Online Hotel Reservation

Software (OHRS) is an easy to use arrangement that enables agents and

guest to reserve rooms directly via the internet once they have confirmed

2 Guesthouse Online Reservation System (2013). Retrieved on October 18, 2017 2:24am
from <http://www.penangguesthouse.com>
availability of rooms in accordance with the itinerary. OHRS is efficient

and brilliant software, yet it is easy and uncomplicated to use. OHRS

grants complete authority and power on hotel or motel room booking

over the internet. This entails that one can accumulate all guest

payments; enter own room descriptions, facilities, rates and allocations

into the Reservation System. OHRS also allows to confirm

accommodation in real-time at hotel’s web site and close the sale without

more ado.3

Related Studies

Local

According to CL. Adap, J.R. San Juan, P.B. Sillo, (2013) The

system contains two pages which are Administrator page and Customer

page. The Administrator page has the authority to access the whole

system and will be able to update all the records of the customers for

reservations made through phone call or walk-in customers, change the

status of the reservation of the customers, update the list of the facilities

available in the resort. The proposed system will also enable the

3
Online Hotel Reservation Software OHRS (2013). Retrieved on December 13, 2017
12:45pm from <
http://www.academia.edu/8458984/CHAPTER_II_Review_of_Related_Literature_For_fu
rther_understanding_of_the_study>
administrator to generate reports about the information about the

reservations made and the total income they earned.4

According to M.R. Condino, A.M. Cuevas, G. De Leon, (March

2013) The mode of payment of the system is through credit card where

50% deposit is required for every reservation made. The information are

stored in database that is why the system can be used to retrieve data

and display available rooms for reservations. The proposed system is

similar to the Online Billing and Reservation System Waterville Island

Resort because it will also have database where all information will be

stored for security. The proposed system will also use credit cards as the

mode of payment and the hotel also requires 50% down payment for any

reservation.5

According to Glenda Acorda Delizo and Mischelle Asi Esguerra

(July, 2013) this study was to design and develop an online reservation

system that will be used by the faculty members and students of College

of International Hospitality Management for simulation purposes. With

the system, students will be able to experience the real scenario for the

jobs related to hotel reservation and management. Online Hotel

Reservation System for the College of International Hospitality

Management serves as a tool for the faculty members to teach their

4Online Billing and Reservation System for Royal Palm Paradise Resort (2013). Retrieved
on October 17, 2017 10:37pm from <https://prezi.com/9tbrzn5p67hy/computerized-
reservation-system-for-bella-cristina-resort-and-travelers-inn/>
5 Online Billing and Reservation System of Waterville Island Resort (2013). Retrieved on

October 17, 2017 10:33pm from <https://prezi.com/9tbrzn5p67hy/computerized-

reservation-system-for-bella-cristina-resort-and-travelers-inn/>
students the basic operations of hotel reservation. It also serves as an aid

for the students since the system will provide additional knowledge and

skills on how to operate an online hotel reservation system which is the

trend on most hotel businesses. Online Hotel Reservation System for the

College of International Hospitality Management serves as a tool to

improve the services in the delivery of instruction since faculty members

can access the system and they will no longer purchase a similar system

for the students. For security purposes, the system required a username

and password assigned to each account. A system administrator

monitored and supervised the creation of student and client accounts. 6

Foreign

According to Mathew (2013) Hotel CRS stands for hotel central

reservation system and is commonly used in resort and hotel industry.

CRS is a computerized system that revolves around storage and

distribution of information concerning resorts, hotels and host of lodging

facilities. CRS as a tool is used to reach the global distribution system or

GDS along with internet distribution system from a single point system.

Hotel managers use this tool to manage their online sales and marketing

avenues. Information includes room types, room rates, conditions,

inventories, plan rate architecture, reservation information, graphical

information in the form of video, pictures and detailed hotel information

6
Online Hotel Reservation System (2013). Retrieved on November 26, 2017 8:40pm
from < http://research.lpubatangas.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/IJCT-
Online-Hotel-Reservation.pdf >
like address, phone and fax numbers and geographical code

information.7

According Pankaj Diyas Sharma (2012) studied the impact of

internship of hotel operations under the hospitality management in

Central Ostrobothnia University of Applied Sciences (Sharma, 2012). The

study is based on primary as well as secondary data. The quantitative

method as well as qualitative method has been used for analysis. The

main aim of the study is to analyse the effectiveness of involvement of

hotel management education in the hotel operations. The study also

recognized the perceptions of teachers regarding the knowledge and

hospitality industry. The study also focused on the opinion of the

hospitality management trainees regarding the difference in the syllabus

and practical training. 30 management trainees from Nepal were chosen

for the study. Also 8 management institutes from Nepal were studied.

The research study focused on the problems faced by the management

trainees during their internship in the hotel industry. It was observed

that hotels in Nepal are not happy to welcome trainees in their hotel. The

study concluded that an internship of 6 months is not sufficient to make

the graduates competent and to make them well trained. The trainees

and the hotel industry of Nepal were not satisfied with the internship

7Hotel Central Reservation System (2013). Retrieved on October 18, 2017 2:32am from
<https://www.academia.edu/14925294/Hotel_Information_with_Online_Reservation_a
nd_Billing_System_for_Yuj_Inn_Hostel>
programme and emphasized on proper co-ordination and co-operation

among the hotel industry and institutions.8

8
Central Ostrobothnia University of Applied Sciences (2012). Retrieved on December
13, 2017 2:32am from < www.07_chapter%202.pdf >