BASIC TROUBLE SHOOTING

SEMESTER 2

MODUL SISWA

Januari 2009 MSBTS-20109-1

 BASIC TROUBLE SHOOTING

DESKRIPSI MATERI PEMBELAJARAN

This Basic Trouble Shooting learning material will provide knowledge on how to overcome disturbances on
products that are authorized by PT United Tractors. The basic knowledge in question includes knowledge of the
Eight Steps of trouble analysis, the ability to read trouble shooting charts and the ability to explain examples of
trouble analysis.

Learning material is divided into 2 (two) chapters. Chapter 1 discusses eight steps. While Chapter 2 discusses
Trouble shooting analysis.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION OF LEARNING MATERIAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

MODULE USE INSTRUCTIONS

REFERENCE

GLOSSARY

PIG.

Lesson 1: General Understanding 2

Lesson 2: Eight Steps of Trouble Analysis 3
Summary 8

Exercise

CHAPTER II.
Lesson 1: Simple Trouble Shooting
Lesson 2: How to read Trouble Shooting Chart 21
Lesson 3: Examples of using Trouble Shooting Chart 22
Summary 28

Exercise

EVALUATION

BASIC TROUBLE SHOOTING

Method

ƒ Theory (50%)

• Lecture

• Discussion

• Case study

ƒ Practice (50%)

• Demonstration

• Direct practice

Duration

2 working days (16 hours)

Maximum number of students is 16 people

Graduation Criteria

minimal Minimum attendance of 90% of the total training day.

akhir Final evaluation

• Minimum value of the theory test = 75

• Minimum practice value = 75.

Award certificates

ƒ The certificate will be given to students who meet the graduation criteria.

keterangan Certificate will be given to students who meet the minimum attendance requirements but do not
meet the requirements

BASIC TROUBLE SHOOTING

After completing this lesson, students can explain the knowledge of how to overcome the disruption
of products that are authorized by PT United Tractors. The basic knowledge in question includes
knowledge of the Eight Steps of trouble analysis, the ability to read trouble shooting charts and being
able to do trouble shooting using the Eight Steps of trouble analysis and Trouble Shooting Chart.

BASIC TROUBLE SHOOTING

MODULE USE INSTRUCTIONS

ƒ Instructions for Students

To get the maximum learning outcomes in studying this module material, the steps that need to be implemented
include:
• Read and understand carefully the descriptions of material available in each learning activity. If there is
unclear material, students can ask the instructor who supports the learning activity.

• Work on each of the exercise questions contained in this module to find out how much understanding you have
of the materials discussed in each learning activity.
• If you have not yet mastered the expected level of material, repeat the previous learning activity or ask the
instructor who is responsible for the learning activity in question.

ƒ Instructions for Instructors

In each learning activity the instructor's role is to:

• Assist students in planning the learning process.

• Guide students through the training tasks described in the learning phase.
• Assist students in understanding new concepts, practices, and answering students' questions about the learning
process.

• Helps students determine and access additional resources needed for learning.

• Organize a group learning activities if necessary.

BASIC TROUBLE SHOOTING

REFERENCE
ƒ Operation & Maintenance Manual D85E-ESS-2 .
ƒ Operation & Maintenance manual PC200 – 7 .
ƒ Operation & Maintenance Manual HD465 – 7 .
ƒ Shop Manual D85-ESS-2 .
ƒ Shop Manual D65E,P – 12 & D65 EX ,PX – 12 .
ƒ Shop Manual 125 – 3 Series Diesel Engine .
ƒ Service Division Mechanic Guide .

GLOSARIUM
Trouble: signs of interference with the unit or interference that can be

is known .

Trouble shooting: Look for the cause of the disturbance, overcome the disturbance and take precautions to
reduce the risk of recurrence.

Trouble shooting chart: A chart created by Komatsu that provides guidance on the steps to be taken when
doing trouble shooting, and also conclusion of the cause of the disorder.

Jumper: Connect the battery in the unit with another battery (can be from the battery unit other and batteries
that are not installed in the unit).

EIGHT STEP
Objectives of Chapter 1:

After completing learning in Chapter 1, students are able to explain the Eight
Step analysis that occurs

Reference:
• Shop Manual D85 - ESS - 2
• Service Division Mechanic Guide
 Basic Trouble Shooting

Lesson 1: General Understanding

Objectives of Chapter 1:

After completing learning in Chapter 1, students are able to explain the Eight Step analysis that occurs

Trouble shooting:

Trouble shooting means localizing various possible causes of the disturbance, as well as carrying out repairs and
preventing the disturbance from reoccurring.

In implementing trouble shooting, structure and function are important things to understand first.

However, a way to make it easier for troble shooting (to overcome interference) is to ask the operator directly, to get
possible possible causes of interference.

Ensure interference:

Check the level of disturbance, to be more sure about the disturbance that occurs by operating the unit or carrying
out measurements

• It should be noted that do not add interference.

Trouble shooting

From the results of the questions and examinations above, we already have the data to do the analysis, then we
follow the trouble shooting chart to localize the possible causes of the disturbance.

The basic procedures in trouble shooting are:

Start with the simplest.

Start from what happens the most.

Examine parts related to disorders.

Corrective action to cause interference

Even though the disturbance has been overcome, if the initial cause of the disorder is not corrected, then the same
disturbance will reappear. To overcome this, it must be investigated why the disorder occurs.

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 Basic Trouble Shooting
Lesson 2: Eight Steps Trouble analysis

Trouble shooting

Steps in Trouble shooting

. Stop the unit in a flat area, hard ground and not easily lonsor. And don't be on the edge of a cliff that's prone to
landslides. Install the safety pin, make sure the parking brake is enabled, and turn off the engine.

. Note the unit model, serial number unit, serial number engine and SMR / KMR.

. If carried out by 2 (two) or more people, make sure that using agreed upon signs and prevent unauthorized people
from approaching the area, to avoid accidents due to misunderstanding.

. Never open the radiator cap when the engine is still hot, because water will spurt, wait for the engine to cool and
reduce the pressure inside the radiator.

Hot water can cause blisters

. Never hold parts that are still hot and pay attention to parts that rotate.

. When removing the power cord, first unplug the negative (-) cable.

. If you are going to open a pressure plug such as an oil, water or air plug, make sure that the pressure in the system
is gone, and when installing the measuring device, make sure it is bound perfectly.
Eight steps to conduct a Trouble Analysis

TROUBLE

STEP 1 : STEP 2 : STEP 3 : STEP 4 :

TROUBLE POSSIBILITIES OBSERVE & COLLECT
SHOOTING CAUSES DIAGNOSTIC DATA
CHART

STEP 5 : STEP 6 : STEP 7 : STEP 8 :

SUSPECTED
ANALYSIS CAUSE CONCLUSION ACTION TO
IMPROVEMENT

REPORTING

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 Basic Trouble Shooting
STEP 1 (STEP I): TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART.

When receiving unit trouble information, ask for information about the unit including:

• Customer Name

• Type and serial number of the unit

• Details of location

Then as far as possible get information about trouble:

• Damage conditions

• Work done when trouble occurs.

• Environmental conditions around the operating site

• Note the problems that have occurred before.

From the data above, prepare the trouble shooting chart obtained from the Shop Manual

STEP 2 (STEP II): POSSIBILITIES CAUSES

Before going to the location of the unit and examining the unit, it is necessary to study some analysis of the possible
causes of the trouble, and also prepare the necessary tools (also prepare parts that may be needed.) References that
can be used to sharpen the analysis of the causes:

• Trouble shooting chart.

• Shop Manual

• Part & Service News

• Similar trouble notes

• Machine Hystorical File

Also prepare: Meassuring Tools, Camera

Basic Trouble Shooting

STEP 3 (STEP III): OBSERVE & DIAGNOSTIC

Troubles in trouble shooting:

1. Do not rush immediately dismantle the component, because if this is done it can cause:

a. Join the dismantling of parts that have nothing to do with damage.

b. This will complicate the discovery of the cause of the damage.

c. Other things can cause time to be wasted, costs become large because they have to replace parts, oil,
etc. which should not be replaced, so that it can result in loss of trust from the customer or operator.

2. Ask the operator about:

a. Are there other disorders, other than disorders that have been reported.

b. Are there any abnormalities before the disruption occurs.

c. Does the disorder occur suddenly or slowly.

d. What about the conditions before the disruption occurred

e. Have there been any improvements before this disorder occurred.

f. Has the same interference ever happened before?

g. Other things that can help complete information so that the implementation of trouble shooting
becomes easier.
3. Before doing trouble shooting, it needs to be checked:

a. Are there any signs of abnormalities in the engine or others.

b. Perform checks as before checking the engine.

c. Check other things if necessary, especially periodic maintenance.

d. Check the monitor panel condition.

STEP 4 (STEP IV): COLLECT DATA

Perform checks and measurements and test directly to the unit. If necessary,
operate the unit yourself to ensure that trouble occurs.

Make notes on the results of measurements and tests.

STEP 5 (STEP V): ANALYSIS

Make a comparison based on the data obtained with the existing standard.

Use the Shop Manual to get the standard.

STEP 6 (STEP VI): SUSPECTED CAUSE

Using the help of Trouble shooting Chart, find parts that are most likely not functioning normally, causing trouble. It
should be noted, is it not normal:

• Only a result of other parts.

• Or indeed a major cause.

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

STEP 7 (STEP VII): CONCLUSION

Make sure the cause of the trouble, by checking the points obtained from step 6.

Determine the corrective steps to be taken

STEP 8 (STEP VII): ACTION TO IMPROVEMENT

1. Make improvements

2. Discuss with the customer the steps to minimize trouble reoccurring

Furthermore, after everything is finished there are activities that are not less important, namely:

REPORTING (MAKING REPORTS)

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

SAMPLE REPORT AFTER COMPLETING A TROUBLE

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

SUMMARY:

Trouble shooting:

Trouble shooting means localizing the various possible causes of the disturbance, as well as carrying out repairs and
preventing the disturbance from reoccurring.

The basic procedures in trouble shooting are:

Start with the simplest.

Start from what happens the most.

Examine parts related to disorders

Trouble shooting Chart

1. Trouble shooting chart
2. Possibilities causes
3. Observe and Diagnostic.
4. Collect data .
5. Analysis
6. Suspected cause
7. Conclustion
8. Action for improvement

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EXERCISES :

1. Mention the eight steps in trouble shooting.

2. When receiving trouble information, at least what information about the unit should be asked?

3. Mention some trouble data that must be asked when receiving trouble information.

4. What are the consequences if we rush to disassemble the component when doing trouble
shooting?

5. Cite examples of questions that should be asked to the operator when doing trouble shooting.
6. Trouble shooting not only makes repairs, but also for ............................

7. When making a report after completing a problem shooting, what minimal things must be listed?
 BAB II
TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART

Objectives of Chapter II:

After completing learning in Chapter II, students are able to read the Trouble Shooting Chart and do Trouble
Shooting using the Trouble Shooting Chart and the Eight Step Trouble Analysis.

Reference:

Book:

• Operation & Maintenance Manual D85E-ESS-2 .

• Operation & Maintenance manual PC200 – 7 .
• Operation & Maintenance Manual HD465 – 7 .
• Shop Manual D85-ESS-2 .
• Shop Manual D65E,P – 12 & D65 EX ,PX – 12 .
• Shop Manual 125 – 3 Series Diesel Engine .

Lesson 1: General Understanding

To make it easier to do trouble shooting, the factory has made a guide called trouble shooting chart which can be
found in the Operation and Maintenance Manual and Shop Manual.

SAMPLE SIMPLE TROUBLE SHOOTING EXAMPLES.

Below are some examples of overcoming interference using the experience of other units that have been summarized
in the Operation and Maintenance Manual (OMM). The tools used are: Operation and Maintenance Manual

EXAMPLE I

Model Unit: D85ESS-2

Trouble: Starting the motor does not turn when the ignition is turned in the "START" position.

From the list, there are several possible causes and how to repair it:

ACTION MUST BE
PROBLEM THE MAIN CAUSE DONE

Startingmotor does (h Check , repair)

not want h Cable damage
h No battery charging
spin when ignition
rotated to "Start" sufficient
position
 h Improper settings
on the Safety switch

h charge battery .

(h Setel safety switch )

Remember:
Start with the simplest.
Start from what happens the most.
Examine parts related to disorders

Basic Trouble Shooting

For more details, can be seen from the table in the Shop Manual like the example below:

There are several causes of the trouble:

Battery, Starting motor, switch panel, battery relay.

Find the simplest and most often.

IF ANALAISA WE ARE DIRECTING TO CONCLUSION THAT THE STATEMENT OF BATTERAY IS NOT

NORMAL The steps taken are:
 1. Try to "jamper" using another battery
2.

2. Replace the battery

When going to do Jamper, keep in mind a few things:

1. Make sure the positive cable both ends are red.

2. The order of cabling assistance:

a) Attach the help cable connector to the positive terminal

(+) the problematic battery (1)

b) Put the other end Clamp in the help battery.

(2)

c) Attach the other clamp able to the two negative terminals (-). (3) and (4).
Basic Trouble Shooting
 ATTENTION !!!

2 The order of removing the help cable:

1. Remove the clamp cable in the two negative terminals (-)

. (1) and (2). First .

2. Remove the cable clamp from the positive (+) battery assist terminal (3).

3. Remove the cable clamp from the positive terminal (+) battery that has the problem (4)

THINGS YOU MUST NOTICE WHEN DOING STARTING WITH OTHER

BATTERY ASSISTANCE ("JAMPER"):

• Do not let the positive terminal (+) be connected to the negative terminal (-),
or the chassis, or the connection ends of the cable clash together.

• Note the possibility of sparks near the battery terminals when starting.

• Pay attention to the diameter of the connection cable, it must be sufficient.

• Do not get the wrong position between positive (+) and negative (-).

• Ensure that all lever positions must be neutral and all lock levers must be installed. As a result:

. The cable caught fire, the battery exploded, an accident because the unit moved accidentally.

If it has not been successful, it can be continued by learning to use a wiring diagram.

Diagram starting system :

Confirm first:

• FB2 Fuse does not break

• All cable connectors are connected correctly

 Basic Trouble Shooting

How to use the analysis using a trouble shooting cart can follow the steps

as follows :

Table: EO1

Note: steps follow the number sequence.

H
 Trouble Shooting

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

EXAMPLE II

Model Unit: D65E- 12

Problem: The lamp cannot light

See item no: 2

Possible reasons:

Battery, Panel switch, Relay battery, Cable, The lamp itself.

Diagram for Lighting system:

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

INFORMATION :
CN-- = Cable connector
E = connection to ground.
L = connection to the Lamp.
M = connection to the battery

Make sure that:

Battery under normal conditions

Fuse FB1 is normal

All cable connections are properly connected.

Steps in finding the cause of the disturbance:

Table E-OX

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

Examples of other simple Trouble shooting:

UNIT MODEL : D85ESS

NOTE: If a problem occurs and using the above analysis cannot resolve the problem, continue with
the trouble shooting chart from the shop manual.

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UNIT MODEL : D85ESS
CHASSIS
Problem
When the Brake Pedal is pressed,
Unit can't stop
Chain out of Frame
Excessive wear on the sprocket
Blade, it rises slowly, or it doesn't
go up to standard speed
Steering does not work, when on
operate on
Front Idler's voice is noisy
Blade Control Lever position FLOAT Engine not enough heating
always returning to Neutral
Transmission oil pressure
low / can't go up.
The unit does not move when
sterring & gear shift lever
included
UNIT MODEL : PC200-7
Problem
Movement speed: Travel motor,
Swing, Arm and Bucket are slow
(Insert page 17)
Main Causes
> Brakes need to be adjusted
> Oil pressure disturbances
The chain is too loose
The chain is very saggy or
The chain is too tense
> Leaks in hydraulic oil
> LOCK position equipment lever
> Brake lock Lever Lock position
> Damage to Hydro.Steering
Clutch
Oli Idler has a leak.
(Warming up is too short)
> Wear / Defective gear pump
> Leakage on the power train case > Add oil according to level
> Clogged / dirty oil filter / filter > Clean, look, PS = 1000 hours Op.
> Oil is leaking in the Power train
case
> Transmission oil pressure does
not rise;
> Brake lock is in position
lock
Main Causes
Hydraulic oil leaks
Actions that must be taken
Check, Adjust, if necessary repair
Adjust Track tension according to Std
> Adjust Track tension accordingly
OMM-SM manuals
> Add oil according to level
See PS = 250 Operating Hours
> Place the lever in the Free position
> Check and make improvements
Add oil as needed.
Add warm up time
according to the standard
> Check and make improvements
> Add oil, see before start
> See Instructions Tek.oli does not
rise
> Place the lever to free position
> Check and make improvements
Actions that must be taken
Add oil according to the level,
See: Check Before Starting

The sound oil pump is noisy
Increasing hydraulic oil temperature
increased
> Track / Chain exits the Frame
> Excessive wear sprocket>
Buckets are up slow, or silent
Cannot rotate (Swing)
Strainer & Element in the tank
clogged hydraulics & less oil
> Loose fan belt
> Dirty Oil Cooler
> Poor hydraulic oil
Track too loose
Hydraulic oil shortages
Swing Lock is still on, right
Clean the filter, please:
see PS = Per 2000 hours.
> Check Belt tension / replace
> Clean the oil cooler, see
Periodic Service per 500 hours
> Add oil according to level
See: Check Before Starting
Adjust Track Tension accordingly
required (Standard)
Add oil according to level
Move from on to Swing off
 Basic Trouble Shooting

UNIT MODEL : HD785

18
Examples of Simple Trouble shooting are as follows: (Insert page 18)

UNIT MODEL : HD785

CHASSIS
Masalah / Problem Penyebab Utama / Main Causes Tindakan yang harus dilakukan

> Kebocoran oli pd pipa yg retak > Periksa dan lakukan perbaikan
dan sambungan yang kendor,shg
udara masuk kedalam oli.
Lampu peringatan temperatur oli > Keausan & gores pd Gear Pump > Periksa, bila perlu ganti pompa
Torque converter menyala > Oli dlm Transmision Case kurang. > Tambahkan oli transmisi
> Fan belt kendor > Ganti F Belt,lih.PS per 500 jam.
> Oil Cooler terjadi penyumbatan > Berihkan atau Ganti oil Coller.
> Operasi Travel terlampau jauh. > Jalankan pd jarak lebih pendek.
> Kabel Sensor putus > Perbaiki,sambungkan yg putus.
> Pd sambungan greasenya kering. > Tambahkan greasenya
Roda Steering kalau diputar berat. > Kebocoran oli pd bagian dalam > Ganti Seal seal untuk Cylinder
Cilinder untuk Steering.
> Tekanan ban kiri & kanan tidak > Periksa dan samakan tekanan
Roda Steering sulit dikendalikan sama/ tidak merata tekanan udara kiri dan kanan
(Cenderung bergerak/menarik > Rem pada roda depan terkunci >Periksa keausan Front Brake Pad
kesalah satu sisi roda ) sehingga terseret saat berjalan. Lebih lengkapnya silahkan lihat
Periodik Servis 500 Jam.
> Kampas Rem sudah sangat aus. > Ganti kampas Rem (Pad Brake)
Effek Pengereman buruk/tidak ber > Disc & Plate pd Roda belakang > Ganti Disc
fungsi, ketika pedal Rem ditekan sudah tercapai batas akhir pakai.
> Tekanan oli tidak mencapai std > Isi Tekanan oli hingga tercapai
tekanan standartnya.
Saat direm, cenderung ketarik ke > Jumlah oli Rem kurang dari std > Tambahkan oli ke bak Transmisi
salah satu sisi. lihat : Check before starting.
> Ada Udara dalam system > Buang Udara sesuai standart
Kecepatan naiknya Dump body > Kerusakan pada Gear pump > Ganti Gear Pump
terlalu pelahan > Jumlah oli untuk Hoist kurang > Isi oli hingga level standartnya
> Tanah & pasir menyelip merusak > Ganti U- Packing.
Suspensinya keras Dust seal & bocor dari u-packing
> Gas bocor dari Valve core. > Ganti Valve Core
> Udara didlm sirkuit REM(antara > Buanglah Udara didalam sistem
Slack adjuster & Rem Belakang) Rem Belakang kiri dan kanan
> Semakin besar beda keausan > Gantilah ban yan diperlukan.
Salah satu Roda cenderung Selip antara roda kiri dan kanan
> Pembebanan tidak seimbang > Buat dan susunlah beban
antara roda kiri dan kanan. di Dump body yg seimbang
> Keausan disc bertambah besar. > Perbaiki dan Setel Remnya
 Basic Trouble Shooting

UNIT MODEL : PC200-7

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

Trouble Shooting
Lesson 2: How to read Chart trouble shooting

TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART

The method for using Matrix Trouble Shooting Charts

Trouble shooting chart is divided into 3 parts:

A. Question (Question).

B. Check items (things that must be checked).

C. Trouble Shooting (finding and dealing with distractions)

1. Question:

Part A + B on a chart is a question whose answers can be obtained from the

operator. As for item B, the answers obtained depend on the operator's
knowledge.

2. Check items (check items): Mechanics

carry out simple checks to sharpen the analysis
of the causes. Item2 C on the chart is related to
this.

1. The mechanics combines information

from the operator (A) with the results of
the examination itself (C), so that the
analysis obtained is more focused.

3. Trouble shooting (looking for the cause of the disturbance):

Trouble shooting is an inspection step by a mechanic to get facts or data, after learning the
combination of question (1) and check item (2) in the trouble shooting chart.

Explanation of symbol symbols in the Trouble Shooting Chart

Possible causes (Conclusions from questions and items examined)

Probably the closest (Conclusion of questions and items examined)

Possible causes of duration of use

The item causes to be confirmed with the condition of the inspection results

Basic Trouble Shooting

Lesson 3: Examples of using the trouble shooting chart
EXAMPLE:

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

Explanation:

From the chart above, it was found that in general if the engine cannot rotate when the ignition is in the starting
position, the cause is:

• There is a stuck engine part. (can be seen on the Trouble Shooting Chart on "Engine stops during operations")

• There is damage to the power train.

• There is damage to the electrical system

To find out which part of the electrical system that is damaged, use the chart above.

. Need to get information first, whether:

- The unit has been operating for a long time

- Check horn sound, is it normal

. Do some direct checking by following the chart above.

. Crosscheck according to the chart, to ensure the most likely cause.

. If it has been found, make sure the methods that will be taken to repair the damage.

Can use the reference from the chart above.

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

EXAMPLE II:

Black smoke.

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

Explanation:

The main causes of black smoke when it occurs are:

1. Lack of air entering the combustion chamber.

2. The excess of fuel sprayed into the combustion chamber.

3. There was damage to the fuel injection system.

4. Error choosing fuel.

5. Over heat on the engine.

6. Error on the controller.

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

EXAMPLE III
Engine hunting

The main causes are:

There is air in the fuel system

There is an abnormality in the speed sensor

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 Basic Trouble Shooting

SUMMARY:

As a tool for doing Trouble shooting, Komatsu made a guide:

1. Trouble Shooting guide, in the book Operation and Maintenance Manual

2. Trouble Shooting Chart, in the Shop Manual.

Trouble shooting chart is divided into 3 parts:

1. Question (question):

Part A + B on a chart is a question whose answers can be obtained from the operator.

As for item B, the answers obtained depend on the operator's knowledge.

Explanation of symbol symbols in the Trouble Shooting Chart

Possible causes (Conclusions from questions and items examined)

Probably the closest (Conclusion of questions and items examined)

Possible causes of duration of use

The item causes to be confirmed with the condition of the inspection results

Some examples of trouble shooting:

If the engine cannot rotate when the contact pin is in the start position, the main cause is:

• There is a stuck engine part. (can be seen on the Trouble Shooting Chart on "Engine stops during operations")

• There is damage to the power train.

• There is damage to the electrical system

The main causes of black smoke when it occurs are:

7. Lack of air entering the combustion chamber.

8. The excess of fuel sprayed into the combustion chamber.

9. There was damage to the fuel injection system.

10. Error choosing fuel.

11. Over heat on the engine.

12. Error on the controller.

The main causes of engine hunting are:

There is air in the fuel system.

There is an abnormality in the speed sensor.

ERCISES :

1. Komatsu has made a trouble shooting guide, which is in the book ............................ and
...................................
2. When doing trouble shooting, there are 3 things to remember, namely:

- Start from .....................................

- ................................................. ........

- ................................................. ........

3. Mention steps to install and remove the battery "jamper" battery.

4. Explain the purpose of the diagram below.

2. Explain the purpose of the table below.

3. What is the meaning of this symbol in the Komatsu trouble shooting chart?

6. From the diagram below:

a. What things should be asked to the operator?

b. What things should be harassed?

c. What are the problems and what are the causes?