SUCCESS
METHOD ADVANTAGE
RATE
 Help protect against sexually
transmitted infections, including
HIV
 No hormonal side effects
 Can be used as temporary or
Male Condom 98%
back-up method
 Can be used without seeing a
health care provider
 Sold in many places and
generally easy to obtain
 Help protect against sexually
transmitted infections, including
HIV
 No hormonal side effects
 Can be used as temporary or
Female Condom 97.5% back-up method
 Can be used without seeing a
health care provider
 Sold in many places and
generally easy to obtain
 does not contain latex
 Very effective
 Long acting
 Reversible if the client later
Combined Injectable
99.95% decides to have a child
Contraceptive
 Does not interfere with sexual
intercourse

DISADVANTAGE
 May dull the sensation of sex for
some men
 Cannot be used by people with
severe allergic reaction to latex
rubber
 Women find them bothersome
or uncomfortable to insert and
wear during sex
 Cannot be used by
breastfeeding women
 Disturbance of the menstrual
cycle - absence of menstrual
periods or monthly bleeding
(amenorrhoea) for an
unspecified period of time,
prolonged menstrual flow, light
vaginal bleeding at any time
other than during the menstrual
period (spotting between
periods), or heavy bleeding
 It can increase the appetite of
some women, resulting in weight
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
 Provide information on the
advantages and disadvantages
of the method
 Explain or, whenever possible,
show clients how put on the
condom
 Ask the clients for any allergies on
latex rubber
 Explain or, whenever possible,
show clients how put on the
condom
 Provide information on the
advantages, disadvantages and
possible side effects of the
method
 During any family planning
interview, inform the client about
follow-up care, the need for
good sexual hygiene and other
issues
 The vial must be shaken strongly
before it is drawn into the syringe,
to ensure the active ingredient is
in suspension and not in the
bottom of the vial.
 gain.
 It does not protect couples
against sexually transmitted
infections (STIs), including the
human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).
 Other side-effects include
headache and dizziness, breast
tenderness, nausea, hair loss,
acne and loss of sexual feeling.
 Local injection site reactions
 Disturbance of the menstrual
cycle - absence of menstrual
 Very effective periods or monthly bleeding
 Long acting (amenorrhoea) for an
 Reversible if the client later unspecified period of time,
decides to have a child prolonged menstrual flow, light
 Does not interfere with sexual vaginal bleeding at any time
intercourse other than during the menstrual
Progestin Only  Suitable for breastfeeding women period (spotting between
99.7%
Injectable (after six weeks post-partum); no periods), or heavy bleeding
estrogen side-effects  It can increase the appetite of
 Best choice for those with gastritis some women, resulting in weight
or peptic ulcer diseases (ulcer of gain.
stomach or duodenum).  It does not protect couples
 Protects against ectopic against sexually transmitted
pregnancy. infections (STIs), including the
human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).
 The injection site should not be
massaged or pressurised,
because this may accelerate
absorption of the drug.
 During reinjection schedule,
check records to see when you
last gave her an injection. If it is
the correct appointment date,
give her the injection. If she
comes to you up to two weeks
before her appointment or up to
one month after her scheduled
appointment, you can still give
her the injection. But if she is more
than one month late, she can get
another injection that day only if
you can be sure that she is not
pregnant.
 Observe infection prevention
procedures
 Explain to the client the
advantages, disadvantages and
possible side-effects of the
method
 The vial must be shaken strongly
before it is drawn into the syringe,
to ensure the active ingredient is
in suspension and not in the
bottom of the vial.
 The injection site should not be
massaged or pressurised,
because this may accelerate
absorption of the drug.
 During reinjection schedule,
check records to see when you
last gave her an injection. If it is
the correct appointment date,
give her the injection. If she

 Lower risk of developing acne
Combined Oral  Milder, more tolerable periods
99.7%
Contraceptives  Have the highest sccuess rates of
any form or oral contraceptives
 No estrogen-specific side effects
 Safer option for breastfeeding
women
Progestin only Pills 99.5%  Lower risk of blood clots and
stroke
 Fewer drug interactions
 Faster return to fertility
 Easy to teach and learn
Standard Days Method 95%  Low cost
 No side effects
 Delayed return of fertility comes to you up to two weeks
 Other side-effects include before her appointment or up to
headache and dizziness, breast one month after her scheduled
tenderness, nausea, hair loss, appointment, you can still give
acne and loss of sexual feeling. her the injection. But if she is more
 If ovulation occurs, the chance than one month late, she can get
of ectopic pregnancy increases. another injection that day only if
 Local injection site reactions you can be sure that she is not
pregnant.
 Observe infection prevention
procedures
 During any family planning
interview, inform the client about
follow-up care, the need for
good sexual hygiene and other
issues

 Not advisable to breastfeeding
women
 Headaches and period
discomfort

 Weight gain
 If patient have a high risk of
suffering a blood clot or stroke,
this method is not advisable
 No protection against acne
 Slightly less protection against
pregnancy
 If you become pregnant while
using progestin-only birth control, 
you have a higher-than-normal
risk of ectopic pregnancy (a
pregnancy in which the embryo
attaches outside the uterus).
 It is a couple-centered process
so both partners need to agree 
to use these methods.
  Helps women learn about their
menstrual cycle and related
physiological changes
 Involves men in family planning as
the couple must discuss and
decide how to manage the
fertile days
 Acceptable within all cultures
and religious groups
 No medical contraindications
 Does not require the input of
healthcare provider
 No side effects
 Free
 No devices, medications,
prescriptions or office visits
 Involution of the fetus occurs
more rapidly
Lactational
99.5%  Menses are suppressed
Amenorrhea Method
 Can be used immediately after
childbirth
 Facilitates postpartum weight loss
 Acceptable within all cultures
and religious groups
 Natural
 Easy
 No side effects
 Effective
Basal Body  Eco-friendly
99%
Temperature  Low cost
 Women are able to reconnect
with their menstrual cycle
 Does not interfere with sex
 Can stop whenever
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 Requires abstinence during
fertile days
 May only used by women with
cycles that usually last 26 to 32
days
 Cannot be used by women in
the postpartum period or who
recently used a hormonal
contraceptive
 Time and effort of the couple
must be invested to observe and
accurately record fertility
indicators,
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 Can use this method only for the
first six months after birth or until
the first menstrual period (within 
the first 6 months after birth)
 If one condition is not met it is no
longer effective
 It is a couple-centered process
so both partners need to agree
to use these methods.
 Cannot be used by women who
have irregular periods

 Requires self-discipline
 Requires abstinence during
fertile days
 Can be affected by low-grade
viral infections, stress, and or
 activities done
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 Cannot be used by women in
the postpartum period or who
recently used a hormonal
contraceptive
 Time and effort of the couple
must be invested to observe and
accurately record fertility
indicators,
 Lack of sleep can cause a
woman’s temperature to vary
 It is a couple-centered process
so both partners need to agree
to use these methods.
 Cannot be used by women who
have irregular periods
 Requires self-discipline
 Requires abstinence during
 Natural fertile days
 Easy  Can be affected by low-grade
 No side effects viral infections, stress, and or
 Effective activities done
Billing
 Eco-friendly  Does not provide protection
Ovulation/Cervical 97% 
 Low cost against STDs
Mucus Method
 Women are able to reconnect  Cannot be used by women in
with their menstrual cycle the postpartum period or who
 Does not interfere with sex recently used a hormonal
 Can stop whenever contraceptive
 Time and effort of the couple
must be invested to observe and
accurately record fertility
indicators,
 Consistency of woman’s cervical
mucus can change if she has a
vaginal infection

 Natural
 Easy
 No side effects
 Effective
Sympto-thermal  Eco-friendly
98%
Method  Low cost
 Women are able to reconnect
with their menstrual cycle
 Does not interfere with sex
 Can stop whenever
 It protects against pregnancy for
5 or 10 years, depending on the
type.
 Once an IUD is fitted, it works
straight away.
 Most women can use it.
Intrauterine Device  There are no hormonal side
99.4%
(IUD) effects, such as acne,
headaches or breast tenderness.
 It does not interrupt sex.
 It's safe to use an IUD if you're
breastfeeding.
 It's possible to get pregnant as
soon as the IUD is removed.
 It is a couple-centered process
so both partners need to agree
to use these methods.
 Cannot be used by women who
have irregular periods
 Requires self-discipline
 Requires abstinence during
fertile days
 Can be affected by low-grade
viral infections, stress, and or
activities done
 Does not provide protection

against STDs
 Cannot be used by women in
the postpartum period or who
recently used a hormonal
contraceptive
 Time and effort of the couple
must be invested to observe and
accurately record fertility
indicators,
 Factors like lack of sleep and/or
vaginal infection can affect this
method
 Does not provide protection
against STDs, may need ti use
condoms as well
 Periods may become heavier,
longer or more painful, though
this may improve after a few
months.

 If there is an infection when you
have an IUD fitted, it could lead
to a pelvic infection if not
treated.
 Most women who stop using an
IUD do so because of vaginal
bleeding and pain, although
  It's not affected by other
medicines.
 There's no evidence that an IUD
will affect your weight or increase
the risk of cervical cancer,
cancer of the uterus or ovarian
cancer.
 Effective and permanent
 Best for men who are certain they
don’t want children
Vasectomy (male  Doesn’t have any lasting effects
99.9%
sterilization) on sexual activity or
performance.
 Easier and less expensive than
female sterilization.
 Effective
 Convenient
 Permanent
Bilateral Tubal Ligation 99.5%  Hormone-free
 Can make sex life better for it
helps the couple focus on each
other instead of birth control
 Immediate viability
 No device needed
 No cost
Coitus Interruptus 78%  No chemical involvement
 Theoretically reduced risk of
transmission of sexually
transmitted diseases
these side effects are
uncommon.
 Risks include: pelvic infections,
thrush, rejection, damage to the
womb or ectopic pregnancy
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 Reversal is more complicated
than the initial procedure.
 Have short-term risks such as
swelling, bruising, bleeding inside

the scrotum, blood in the semen
and/or infection
 Long-term includes: fluid buil-up
in the testicle, chronic pain and
pregnancy (if vasectomy heal
spontaneously)
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 Should be only done if the
patient is totally certain that she
would never want to get 
pregnant again
 May have some pain and
discomfort during and after the
procedure
 High failure rate
 Puts great stress upon the male
partner to remember to remove
the penis just before ejaculation.
 Viable sperm may be present in 
the fluid that escapes before
ejaculation, and sperms may
also swim up from just outside
the vagina to cause fertilization.

 it's very easy to use and doesn't
interrupt sex
 unlike the combined oral
contraceptive pill, you don't have
to think about it every day – you
only have to remember to
change it once a week
 the hormones from the patch
aren't absorbed by the stomach,
so it still works if you're sick (vomit)
Transdermal Patch 99% or have diarrhoea
 it can make your periods more
regular, lighter and less painful
 it can help with premenstrual
symptoms
 it may reduce the risk of ovarian,
womb and bowel cancer
 it may reduce the risk of fibroids,
ovarian cysts and non-cancerous
breast disease
 change it every week, so if it
 it doesn't interrupt sex
 it's easy to put in and take out
 you don't have to think about it
Vaginal Ring 99% every day or each time you have
sex
 the ring isn't affected if you're sick
(vomit) or have diarrhoea
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 it may be visible
 it can cause skin irritation, itching
and soreness
 some women get mild
temporary side effects when
they first start using the patch,
such as headaches, sickness
(nausea), breast tenderness and
mood changes – this usually
settles down after a few months
 bleeding between periods
(breakthrough bleeding) and
spotting (very light, irregular
bleeding) is common in the first 
few cycles of using the patch –
this is nothing to worry about if
you're using it properly and you'll
still be protected against
pregnancy
 some medicines can make the
patch less effective – see a GP,
nurse or pharmacist for advice
 you need to remember to
would be easier to use a
method that you don't have to
think about you may want to
consider the implant or
intrauterine device (IUD)
 Does not provide protection
against STDs
 you may not feel comfortable
inserting or removing it from your 
vagina
 you can have spotting and
bleeding in the first few months
  it may help with premenstrual
symptoms
 period-type bleeding usually
becomes lighter, more regular
and less painful
 it can have additional health
benefits, such as reducing the risk
of some cancers
 it has no long-term effect on your
fertility
 it may cause temporary side
effects, such as increased
vaginal discharge, headaches,
nausea, breast tenderness and
mood changes
 you need to remember to
change it and put in a new one
– if remembering to do this is
difficult, a longer-acting method
such as the contraceptive
implant or intrauterine device
(IUD) may be more suitable
 some medicines can make the
ring less effective – see a GP,
nurse or pharmacist for advice

 Very effective compared to other

contraceptive methods
 Good choice of method for
 you may experience temporary
women who can’t use any
side effects during the first few
contraceptive that contains
months, like headaches, nausea,
estrogen and for women who
breast tenderness and mood
find it difficult to regularly take a
swings
pill at the same time every day
 your periods may be irregular or
 it works for 3 years
stop altogether
 it doesn't interrupt sex
 you may get acne or your acne
 it's an option if you can't use
Subdermal Implants 99.9% might get worse 
oestrogen-based contraception,
 you'll need a small procedure to
such as the combined
have it fitted and removed
contraceptive pill, contraceptive
 it doesn't protect you against
patch or vaginal ring
sexually transmitted infections
 it's safe to use while you're
(STIs), so you may need to use
breastfeeding
additional contraception (such
 your fertility will return to normal
as condoms) as well
as soon as the implant is taken
.
out
 it may reduce heavy periods or
painful periods
 70% (if
used
 Safe and easy to use
alone),  Should not be used alone as the
Spermicides  Increase vaginal lubrication, 
97% (if primary method of birth control
minimizing dryness and friction
used with
condom)
 it's not as effective as other types
of contraception, and it
 you only need to use a
depends on you remembering
diaphragm or cap when you
to use it and using it correctly
want to have sex
 it doesn't provide reliable
 you can put it in at a convenient
protection against STIs
time before having sex (use extra
 it can take time to learn how to
spermicide if you have it in for
use it
Diaphragm or Cap 96% more than 3 hours) 
 putting it in can interrupt sex
 there are usually no serious
 cystitis (bladder infection) can
associated health risks or side
be a problem for some women
effects
who use a diaphragm or cap
 you're in control of your
 latex and spermicide can cause
contraception
irritation in some women and
their sexual partners
Assessment
Contraceptives are products used to prevent pregnancy by women and men. Each individual has their own choice in what contraceptive they want to use, so
you must assess their preference first before providing the best contraceptive for them. A pregnancy test must be performed first to make sure that the woman
seeking for birth control is not presently pregnant. Assess for the OB history of the client, any past sexually transmitted diseases, the status of the past pregnancies,
and if they have used a family planning method that did not turn out effective.
Assess subjectively the needs, preferences, desires, and feelings of the client regarding family planning.
Assess the sexual practices of the client, the frequency, the number of their sexual partners, and if they have any allergies to latex.

REFERENCES:
https://nurseslabs.com/family-planning-methods/
https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=141&printable=1
https://www.forhers.com/blog/combined-birth-control-vs-progestin-only-mini-pills
https://www.factsaboutfertility.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/StandardDaysPEH.pdf
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Natural-Family-Planning-Advantages-and-Disadvantages.aspx
https://www.peelregion.ca/health/sexuality/birth-control/methods-lam.htm
https://naturalcontra.com/natural-contraception-methods/temperature-method-advantages-disadvantages/#Basal_body_temperature_method_disadvantages
https://www.healthline.com/health/birth-control-vasectomy#risks
https://www.medscape.com/answers/258507-109003/what-are-advantages-of-coitus-interruptus-contraception
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/sterilization/what-are-benefits-sterilization
https://www.thestar.com.my/lifestyle/health/2012/12/30/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-barrier-contraceptives