Ld] Neetu Singh aD P P KD Publication ofkChapter. 1 Chapter. 2 Chapter. 8 Chapter- 4 Chapter- 5 Chapter- 6 Chapter- 7 Chapter. 8 Chapter: 9 Chapter- 10 Chapter- 11 Chapter- 12 Chapter: 13. Chapter. 14 Chapter. 15 Chapter- 16 Chapter- 17 Chapter. 18 Chapter. 19 Chapter. 20 Chapter. 21 Chapter- 21 Chapter- 22 Idioms in Storics ‘Theme based Idioms Voeabularies from Root Words. Commonly Used Foreign Words Theme based Vocabularies Sentence Improvement Cloze Test Spellings Sentence Arrangement Comprehens:on English Practice Sets Verb as a Noun Infinitive Participle Inversion Parallelism Superfluous Expressions Phrasal Verbs Fill in the blanks Some Grammar for Practice Set Preposition Basic concept -1, 2 VERB - 1 & 2 VERB + Tense - 1,2 & 3 Subject verb Agreoment & Conditional Sentences -1. 2 He, She, Baby, Abode & Group Model Papers for SSC Ter & IL SSC Tier - 1 SSC Tier - 11 BL 45 51 54 70 95 123 - 140 + 167 205 278 282 289 - 202 - 296 299 305 324 - 352 373 379 385 394 400 413 30 44 50 53 69 94 122 139 166 204 217 281 288 291 295 298 304 323 351 ew a3 oD 384 393 398 412 481Chapter. 23 dh (2) (3) Chapter- 24 Chapter. 25 QQ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Essays Child Labour Women Empowerment Terrorism Letter writing Articles APJ Abdul Kalam Niti Aayog Politics on Reservation Article 370 Disaster Management Pornography Net Neutrality Subsidy Freedom of Speech (10) Black Money 482 484 486 490 -Idioms in Stories Let me teach you how to use idioms and vocabularies in sentences. Through nine stories based an some social current issues, I am going to teach you around fifty to hundred Words/ Idtoms/Phrases tn every story /article based on a soctal or current issue, The Ist story has been taken from the time when the cease fire violation at the border by Pakistan was dealth with by the NDA government very strictly. Story-1 A Cock & Bull Story? Kudos! to Mr. Narendra Modi, Now I do believe with eertitude? chat Indian soldiers will no longer be sitting ducks’, Kashmir hus been am apple of discord® for India ard Pakistan and both tac countries have been at daggers drawn’ ‘or this bone of contention’. Our iron-willed” army always prefers an olive branch! to bad blood? but untike Pakistan, in India the rating party is in the driving seat” and since long it had been felt that the foreign: policy of the LHA government was Inclis’s Achilles? heels", With its clean sweep" in the recent Lok ,the NDA government, it seers, wil! not bat an eyelid’ if our arny \kkes its eworn enemies head on'S, Mier getting elbow room" our soldiers are adopting tit for tat’’ policy and are fighting teeth and nail“ at the border. Our adversary’, unused® to such retaliation! soon hud to eat humble pie", It hud been for decades, moving heaven and earth for Kashitir, the Switzerland of India. The government ot Pakistan builds castle in the air and daydreams * about getting complete control over Kashar bul this lime it has burnt its finger*® by breaking ceasefire. Our strong government has given & befitting” reply to the pied piper of Pakistan and has made him realise Unat if he sows the wind, he will have to reap the whirlwind”, Pakistan will cow hem and haw around” avoidiry, taking the bull by the horns”. The will 0’ the wisp” of Pakistan of getting every inch of Keshmir, the paracise on earth, svems a faree* alter the U.N has decided ta sit on the fence®, United Nation's Sccretary Gencral Ban-Ki moon reiterated that the dispute of Kashmir must be solved through bilateral talks. The U.N's stand thiew sold water®® upor Nowaz Shari’s lust hope and Ban-Ki-mocn's refusal lo give ear to Pakistan's ¢ intervention has put Pakistaa in a tight eorner™. Our soldiers, are on guard and cre also gung ho! about settling the dispute of Kashmir onee and for all but our seasoned? Prime Minister is a PasL master * of tact anc knows that war always makes @ country pay through its nese“, Besides this, jt may turm ont to be’? a Pandora’s ox for the NDA government. Indic needs to weigh the pros and cons" of a full-blown wor, Meanwhile a befuddled! gid muddicheaded baby Bilawel Bhutto out there 1s erying for the moon*, His childish Chest-thumping* for every inch of Kashmir drew Imad laughter, ng him # laughingstock® cn all social media, na eleysie eqquest $ seon maki English for general competition, volume-— 2 ———————_{_ 1 ]8. No. Words/Phrases/Idioma ‘Meaning in English ‘Meaning in Hindi pepo RPxADu 10. 1, 12, 19 14. 18. 16. 17. 18, 19, 20. 21 22. 23. 24. 28. 29, 30, 31 a2, 33. Cock and bull story Kudos Certitude Sitting ducks Apple of diseard At daggers drawr, Bone of Contention Tron-willed Olive branch Bad blood To be in the driving seat Achilles’ heels Clean sweep Not bat an eyelid Swom enemies Head on Elbow room Tit for tat ‘Tooth and neil Adversary Unused Retaliation To eat humble pie To move heaven and carth Castle in the air Daydream To burn one’s finger Refitting Pied piper To sow the wind and reap the whirlwind Hem aad haw around 7o teke the bull by the horns and resolutely Will’o the wisp Parce A cooked up story Praise given for achievement Certainty defenceless anil easy prey Cause of quarrel in a state of open hostility cause of quarrel of strong will-power A symbol of peace Animosity to be in control of a situation weakest point A complete viccory Not to show any shock, worry or surprise arch rivals in a very direct manner adequate space/freedem for work An equivalent given in return With all available means An enemy or opponent No: habitual Reciprocate to be forced to admit that you are wrang to do ell possible effort Plans that have very little chances of happening to think of pleasant though:s to suffer unpleasant result appropriate Aleader who makes irresponsible promises to start some kind of trouble that grows mush larger that one has planned to be evasive ta deal with a problem cirectly| A misleading hope Something that is so bad that it is scen as ridiculous ta-at ten game Gm met are at sim ordi rag saw sang sifra ea Fag PTR Bra spread tan an rar mo aes ah ater woh fat ea at eet so stas fa? a aa aa carey a ea dah ch TT sr a TREE English for general competition, volume - 2‘8. No. | Words/Phrases/Idioms Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 34.__| To siton the fence Not ta take sides in a dispute | frat ar aera 35. | Reiterate repeat aera 36. To throw cold water to criticize or stop sameone afig ue ut hy from doing something that he is enthusiastic about a7, | To give car te listen to eat 38. Tight corner in a difficult situation ahem arene 39. | On guard Vigilant aa 40. | Gung ho Extremely excited sate sentra 41. | Once and for al! with finality ae at, iS fm 42. Seasoned experienced ayer 43. Past mester adept/ skilled fm 44, Pay through one’s nose | to pay neavily sat) a ger 45. Turn out to be to be foand to be ailas get 46, | Pandora’s box Asource of many troubles | w-areret=n att a7. To weigh prog and cons te evaluate the advantages and| S4-e1hr I SrRsM Fa the disadvantages 48. Ful-blown: Fully developed wept ee a Panta: fara eh 49, Befuddled Confused rage 4 eT 50, Muddle-head Stupid Both Sk, Crying for the moon to want something that is not | vt axe 7d} possible =a 82. Chesi-thumping Ue act a? practice of boasting | 2 aren Laughing stock one who is ridicules a He English for general competition, volume ~ 2 ~Story -2 Nipped in the Bud Learning Vocabularies is fun, when innovatively done! A fow months ago, I saw the eorpus? of a tiny infant lying in a garbage bin. The grotesque? sigat made my heart bleed? That gruesomet glimpse? of an appalling* practice of killing gir) child sent shivers down my spine’ and day in, day out* it haunted” me. In India, the birth of a son brings a windfall” for the family while the fomily mzkes a wry face" if'a girl child is born, A female child is not accepted with open arms by the parents and often many female foetuses!® and infants give up the ghost" as foeticidel® end infanticide" are rampant!” under the rose". Now and ther, many gynaecologists"? and quacks® come under a cloud for running sex determination centres but nothing concrete” can be achieved if the society doesn't tun ever a new leaf. The whole society will have lo throw @ spanner™ in the plans of the seamy side of life™, All take up arms* to fight agains: this evil practice and will nave t be up and doing” *. wie YF us will have to macter of bringing the culprits™ to book *, This indeed will be a yeoman's service™, Besides this, the good Samaritans® must 2¢ argus eyed™ becouse through back stairs influence®* many ultrasound centres have mushroomed™ in towns andi cities and by the rule of thumb™, I can say that they are running nothing but sex detesmination centres. The Government will have te carry matters with high hand’ and clip the wings*” of these malefactors® and then only it will come home to® them that now the enlightened” society of India will not take this lying down’. Ilowever it is an open seeret® that many fomilice have eleven hoof of getting rid of female foetus and generation after generation we have proved that we are only the ehip of the old black“. ven the co be mother eaves in‘ before her in-laws! demands while at such time when she needs to bandy words‘ with them. [am quite amazed when even a blue stocking “’ blow hot and cold" while talking about a git! child. They go the whole hog’? to cxplain how a male chitd ix indispensable™ 10 ran the pedigree" and we have hebson’s cheice™ in this matter. My God! Are we the Inst descendants * of any dinosaur family that we do need te run our lineage ? I wonder ! but still | an in @ way® and hope that this practice will sonner or later** he done away with neck and crop®. English for generat competition, volume-2B.lto.] Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hind! Nipped in the bud [to pat an end to something before | aq) @ ured ee ST it develops 1. | Corpus dead body cial 2. | Grotesque fncrrible sae : 3. | Heart bloed feel genuine sympathy for someone| frat = fam Fen area eT 4. | Gruesome horrible ware 5. | Glimpse A brie! look WFO 6. | Appelling fnorrible ware 7. | Sead shivers down — fio make someone feel very ag ane ea the spine irightencd aT a Day in, day out for indefinite number of ae fea aw CE successive days 9, | Haunt ho keep coming back in the mind | aan fat fa to upset the person femme af srrey Fore for tt 10. | Windfall JAn unexpected or sudden gain ararie wc a4 LL. | Way face Disappainted look rem fea 12, | With open arms ‘with happiness gaia 13, | Foetus An unborn baby el 14. | Give up the ghost fro dle mF 15. | Facticide jcilling of a foctus wT 16. | Infanticide ‘cilling of an infant TET 17, | Rampant uncontrolled aor 18. | Under the rose secretly ae a 19, | Gynacsologiat 1a epecialtse of tamale fee ty oe diseases and child birth ania 20. | Quack one who pretends to be a medical | dle sim practitioner 21. | Undera cloud fo he under suspicion aan 22, | Concrete factual, soal, strong’ aha . 23. | Turn over a new lea? |:o change for the better ard & fay fea ert 24, | Throw a spanner so sabotage a plan Saat ar FI die pec 25. | Seamy side of life Smmoral side of society Tem Sir am 6, | ake up arms to fight 3=T 27. | Upand doing active mm og. | Culprit JOne who is to blame are 29, | Bring to book to punish aa ot 30. | Yeoman’s service Excellent work acai =m a1. | Good Samaritan One who helps everyone a1 3G aa 32. | Argus eyed Careful, observant ane, sie 33, | Back stuits influence [by unfair means vem aie 34. | Mushroom (as verb) _ [to grow in large number au vl we wa een ae aT 28, | By the rule of thumb According to practical experience | a7 8 36. | With high hand very str! aa a English for general competition, volume-25.No, Words Weaning in English Meaning in Hindi 37. 36. 39, 40, at 42. Clip the wings Malefactors Come home to Enlightened Take lying down Open seeret Cloven hoof Chip of the old Liock Cave cn Bandy words Biue stocking [Blow hot and cold Go the whole hog Indispensasle Pedigree Hobson's eheice Descendant Lineage Ina Sooner or lot Do away with Neck and ezop to weaken the power one who is guilty of a crime to understand One who has good understanding or is net ignorant accept insult that many people know about but that is supposed to be a secret evil desire resembling one's parents in habits vield & argue educated but pedantic lady to speale in favour and against at the same lime ta do something thoroaghiy without which ane carnat do An ancestral line No choice at all one wha is the affspring of someone descend in « Eine from a Common forefather hopeful at some uncertain future Hime get rid of completely piace ve EH ww we Brg oe a are * ae ToT aig foeet a English for general competition, volume - 2Story - Moot Point Politics is not my cup of tea but why not try my hand at it. In India corruption is brewing! unbridfed? in the echelons? of power. Some ministers feather their nests* by the virtue of * their posts as usually their subordinates and many business houses present costly gifts to them te curry favour with ther. Somewhere a son-in-law gets huge pieces of land for a song’ and somewhere « demagogue! lands for a rally straight from the gaol? to make a harangue about how his opponents have ever and anon" tried to make his career chequered. These so called severed™ puissants™ of India fight shy of * the reality that they arc damp squib‘ as far ag leadership is concerned but eke out!” their income by adopting sharp practices, They cock a snook”™ at the laws af the land though not publicly, These politicians work in eahoots® with one another and their activities and dealings are never above board". They even go the whole hog™ to cook the books” of the government departments and these barefaced lars hire veteran® lawyers who bend the truth™ in the court and then these scoundrels?” go scot free” Sometimes the ministers buy @ lemon® with the government fund al an exorbitant™ price and thus are hand in glove” with many had eggs" in the daylight robbery®*. They pull wool over the eyes" of the public with their pack of lies**. We need to understand that these politicians are snakes in the grass" and the common people of India ae down and out?” because of (hese people who have feet of olay™, I de believe that these politicians will lose ground® :f the public do not Lose their head on the d-day*!, People must nct vete for them just for ephemeral” loaves and fishes", Some dipsomaniacs* even give in* for a bottle of wine and some for a few rupees, In an impoverished country where many find it difficul: to keep their pot boiling™, the poor are all in a flutter when wine wich is am elixir for them are served to thom just a night before the festiva: of democracy. As a result they sell their integrity and the future of theit country for pittamce®®, A man of straw can lead bis county from palmy days"? to its last legs. His :rresponsible decisions put a spoke in the wheel of the development of the country. Recently India voted for development and not for caste, creed and religion. This of course hes thrown cold water" un (he politics of those who used to set people by ears* and steal the march’ at the time of election by using the word secularism as red herring S.No.] Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi Most point A debatable point ag-frag #1 FT 1 Brew | to star: to form ar Ue Bl 2. |Unbricled Unrestrained a 3, | Echelons 2 level in’an organization or Rett Prat yeas authority vel #1 2 4. _|Feather one’s nest | to carn dishonestly nee Tie 8 SAAT 5. By the virtue of by the power of aah 6. |Tocursy favour win favour wh ape ye steer with 7.__|For a song ata very low price ard oH STK English for general competition, volume—2 —__——_____|_7_S.No.| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 8. | Demagogue A political leader who tries to [ast go ae wd chil @t get support by making false Ser eh wady eae claims and promises based on | 1 emotions rather than reasons 9 [Gaal wail oe 10, |Harangue An angry speech qe avo ao 11, | Ever and anon now and then aaa 12, | Chequered fll of ups and downs ma aT 13, fevered respectable wear 14, | Puissant pewerful ereaerett 15, | Fight shy of to attempt to avoid are 16, | Damp squib complete failure oi ert 17, | Bke out supplemeat income saad ert 18. |Sherp practices dishonest means mea a 19. | Cock a snook to show impudent contempt SRA AD AAT RA 20, |tn cahoots in conepiracy with eomeone fedt @ mews Y 21. | Above board honest ae 22, |Go the whole hog | to do something thoroughly ag a fear a oT 23. |Cook the bocks | to record false information cram wae aun ate oa a in order to steal moncy or show | Sit 7m 7H NM ST We wrong entry to hide stolen money| 24, | Barefaced liars Shameless liars tee aid o gar cafe 25. | Veteran experienced aan 26. | Bend the teuth not to speak the entire truth wa em a tens ae 27. |Scowacrels @ cruel or dishonest person ag sere 28, |Go sen: free to escape from punishment wa 8 4a Ur 29, |Buy & lemon to buy something that is worthless | tm Sr sito 30 | Fxorbitant very high aa SAT 31, | Hand in glove in extremely close relationship | aga Sire neem ot fd 22. | Bad eggs with someane who behaves in | Vil TEM wis | a bad or dishonest way an 33. |Daylightrobbery | blatantly overcharging or removing) wera ah @ feat na someone's money by foul play | 74 OT 34 | Pull wool aver ta deceive someone ier tt the eyes 38. | Pack of lies full of lies gem fe 36, | Snake in the grasa | a bielden enemy fan gen gE 37. | Down and out poor and ruined ada ait sale -English for general competition, volurne-2S.No.| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hind! 38, | Feet of clay hidden faults fot ee ease 39. | Lose ground Fail lo keep position seer er are wa aed eT 40. | Lose their head to be carried away ae 4 ae arr 41, | D-day Acay on which something fon fea a teeph aa important is planned or expected | tH ate # to Aapaen 42. | Ephemeral Momentary satire 43, Loav-> and fishes | Material bene ‘its ifr or 44, | Dipsomaniae one whe is addicted to art alcoholic drinks 4, | Give in yield en aH at 46. | Impoverished extremely poor aie 47, | Keep one’s pot earn hardly enough for living fee arr ae ah HT boating 48, | In a flutter excited aii ag. | elixir A magical liguid that can am cure illness or extend life 50. | Pittance small amount of money a 51 Man of straw Aweak man erat are 52. | Palmy days Prosperous days ord fr 53. | On last legs about to collapse aa HH OI 54. | Puta spoke in to ubsuruct an ser oT the wheel 55. | Throw cold water 1 discourage wis eer 56. | Set someone by ears |to incite people ota al 4eer 37, | Stea} the march to get ahead secretly grt a amt az am 58. | Red herring Something to distract attention | ai “aA szaTe English for general competition, volume -2Story -4 The Fair Sex Being a woman, F ean give first-hand experiences of what it is to be a woman. ‘Women play second fiddle! in the society and since her childhood, a girl child has been brain fed? that she will one day leave her inith and kin’ and go to her husband’s house, She is taught to be mealy mouthed* and live-wire and is expected to stand by* her husband through all weal and woe? willy-nilly". The root and branch? of her very existence is for her husband and she is always expected ta be in tune with! her in-laws. A men is supposed and expected to keep his wife under his thumb" and he is looked down upon as an queer fish*? if he is unable to hold his wife to the leash. It’s all Latin and Greek’ to me es to why lakhs and crores are paid to the grcom’s father. Isn't it buying a pig in a poke"? Besides ihis, goods aad chatiles™ ure bougl.t for the girl and her to be husband but the items do not inclide any computer, study table or books. | mean nothing related to grey matter", 1am totslly at sea’ when I speak on this issue and when out and out” weird ® replies come. I feel as ifT have stirred the hornets nest and I am casting a slur * upon the age-old tradition, When the life partners are at loggerhead”, it is the woman who bears the brunt of the society. She usually tries to gild the pill even when her family life is at sixes and sevens™ and god forbids if the couple burn their boats”, it is the lady whose life comes to a standstill™ as it is not easy to get fair field and no favour in a patriarch society, She gets into hot water and her whole life is supposed to have gone to dogs"? once her married life meets its waterloo”, A girl always stands against all odd*and through thick and thin ® ir. her father’s and Ausband’s life but beware, once sae is pissed off * you will be really up im the creek * because bell hath no fury like @ woman scorned? Vocabularies S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hind! Fair sex Women vieary 1, Play second. fiddle To have subordinate position | a7 7H 2 Taught fara 3. Near relatives carte frre 4. Mealy manthed Soft-apaken: free a aed are s. Live wire Energetic ahr 6 Stand by ‘Support mee 3a % Weel and woe Joy and sorrow wea 8. Willy-nilly Whether one wishes or not [wera 1am a 9. Root and branch Complete cou 10, | Be in tune with In agreement or mood enfa = 10 |}——____________Bnglitsh for general competition, volume-2‘woman scorned unpleasant as a woman who has been offended S.No. | Words ‘Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 11. Keep someone under | To keep someone under ae TET thumb one's contral 12. | Queer fish Strange fafa 13. | Hold someone to leash | To restrain aq tat 14, | Latin and Greek Unable to understand wa ot 15, | Buy a pig in poke To buy a thing without feu we sta ot aw ‘iknawing its actual worth at 16. |Goods and Chattels | Belongings of home RF ATT 17. | Grey matter Intelligence ge 1a, [at sea Confused wae 19. out and out ‘Completely wae 20. | Weird Strange ‘tafe 21. | Hornet’s nest Controversy coi 22, |cast a sur ‘To disrepute Fert a are =r 23. | At loggerhead Quarrel wea 24, | Bear the brunt ‘To beur the main attack eet a as. Gild the pill "To cover -he unpleasant thing) fret af sh = fra with e pleasant thing da a oT 26. | At sixes and sevens | In a state of disorder aa-TA 27, | Burn one’s boat Point of no return area amr aif gen at 28. |Come toa standstill | To come toa stop ee 29, | Fair field and no favour | Equal opportunities to all Be fee wT FART 30, | Patriarchal Male dominated faqeeTrs 31, |Get into hot water Get into ‘rouble eren #73 3H 32, | Go to dogs Ruined wale 32, |Meet one’s waterloo | To face final defeat OH a FT 34, | Against all odds Despite many difficulties af areal & aa 38. | Through thick and thin | In all circumstance waren a 36. | Pissed off Aaroyed wer 37. | Up in the creel In serious difficulties aie wren & 38. | Hell hath no fury like a | There is nothing as um tfeen fame a eT fem THR, ere 7a ore af ae eT A wa Engjish for general competition, uolume-2 iStory -5 Rise of the Phoenix Arvind EKejriwal got unprecedented mandate in Z015 Dethi Legistative Assembly Election, I couldn’t keep my hands off his political career. Blec:lon fever had been at :ts peak in many states hut Aabs rise im a trie inspite of many Trojan horses? causing teething troubles* to the party made Delhi Assembly election @ hot potato*, Deihi, tat saw congress mule the roost! thrice, this time sent ‘t packing lock, stock and barrel®, This election was a two horse zace’, between AAP and BUP, BUP's performance proved wo be 2 damp squib! and Congress has now met its waterloo”. Both ‘ill have to cool their heels * for the next five years. The brown sturdy" of Congress, an age-olé party, turned into @ nightmare” in 2012 when Anna Hazere blazed the trail” that saw unprecedest™ big draw", By and by" the movement gained momentum", Anna banking on” his fuithful camaraderie set the Thames on fire“, He stole his rival thunder because he is aboveboard® and speake straight from the sho~"surs **, His fast unto death ruffled quite a few feathers** among the eck-!_ue~ o! power but the rot fet in the movement when later Arvin’ 7~)...al'¢ fast cidn’t steal a march on™ his Haeait, Nine days of fast proved ploughing the sands” and Congress 1 to his demands. The predecessor 4 for the whole tirte played fast and loose! und turned a deaf ea: meritocra(s™ of the movement put their heads together™ and soon rose to the occasion “and formed a political party AAP, This off hand** decision of the green horns rubbed Anna the wrong way’. He put his foot down™ but now nore of his zealots? except KGran Bedi end a few was ready to invest time and energy in a Quixotic" project. The movement finally petered out" and a new party saw the light of the day. ‘The debutant® Arvind Kejriwal in bis speeches portrayed India as a banana republic and the public especially the youths went bananas*®. He insisted that it is barking up the wrong tree“ if we cry to clean the dirt of polities without entering it. He said that the Congress Party had a ball” and now will have xo take a back seat“. Soon a whole new ball game® started when Coneral Assembly Election was unniounced in 2013, Kejriwal emerged usa dark horse® with 28 seats Zor the AAP in his kitty, The BUP leaders who were waiting for the result with bated breath without un dota" of doubt that i¢’s their turn now was in for a shock® and the result was 2 bolt from the blue for them, The Congress of course had w bite the dust® as it got the boot from the public’ and could ‘ag just 8 seats. The blood, sweat and tears" of the volunteers cf AAP bore fruits", Kejriwal was their blue- eyed boy buthe was a new kid on the block*. Overnight he became a big cheese” when he became the CM with the support of the Congress. Thoigk he remained betwixt and between" for sometime Lut ultimately he bit the bullet", when on the ground of Jan Lokpal he fell on his sword® ard the rein of Delhi went into the Eands of the Central ‘English for general competition, volume-2Guvernment, fc beat a hasty retreat from Dethi and went to contest Lnk Sabha election from Varanasi, Overright & man who became the CM in his first attempt turned into a laughingstock"”, He was perceived as a queer fish sho was considered habitual of picking holes* in every person, He who rubbed the blue blood” of the Congress party the erong wey” was now trying to put a spoke in the wheel” of the winning spree” of the past mastet” of tact, Mr. Narendra Modi, the leading light™ of the BUP, Kejriwal threw down the gauntlet™ by filing his nomination from Varanasi, When the result came he had to eat bumble pie”. The whole hullabaloo” proved to be a damp squib. The media that were all eyes” during the Lok Sabhe election wrote him off? and many of his bosom friends" deserted him hooks, line and sinker". Kcjciwal was ridiculed™ on all social media bu: the fron willed man rose to the occasion* and his steady" eorts eaught eyes of the cortmon publie by and by. His fast and furious" campaigns and down to earth® attitude was afar ery” ‘tom what it was earlier when he accuseé and blamed every Tom, Bick and Harry’, The result of the Delhi Assembly election sealed the fate" of all oppositions and the nan who got the flak’ a few months ago was received with open arms”, Certainly this common man’s CM is here to stay™ and change the gear of governance”, Hope this time the Delhi government goes great guns’? but of course the high expectations of the people will keep the CM under the gun”. Kcjriwal, onee bitten twice shy” will hopefully pick up the pieces” and start afresh, though he knows, it wil! mot be that plain sailing’ Vocabularies Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi Rise of the phoenix (Tae whole phrase is + Rising of the phoenix’ frem the ashes) Phoenix is a Greek mythological fire bird that is reborn from the ashes of its own body. It hence means rebirth and resurrection or sevival from. the lowest point of one's own life. free we vie Ure ual @ a an toe & dat eit 2 wr fit ya: ‘sifer gia @1 a: the Phong’ a4 & ‘gi: Ter a MS aT Sag oH apa Very quickly ae a Someone or something that een th sa ar eat attacks the group or organization] Teen wry arat thet he/it belongs to or A trap intended to undermine or sabotage a company. Difficulties experienced initially. Ina trice Trojan horse Teething troubles arent) oreat English for general competition, volume -2: 13S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 4. Hot potato An issue or question about which| tar a@1 fra we chit = people have different opinions aa am ae ath al aed foal srety oenply ereh framomr 7 af=T a 5. | Rule the roost To dominate 1 Be aT aT 6, Lock, steck and barre:| Whally, completely wra 7, — | two horse race Which has only two competitors | Raw A Pach ¢ sear 3 8, Damp squib An event which people think farms fara a et will be exciting but which is SrA tH disappointing when it happens =| 9a ae fea et at from aa el 9. Mect one’s waterloo | To face final defeat tea a voi er 10. | Coal one’s heels To wait or be xept waiting fora «| aK STU STE long time Sil 1 Brown svurdy Reverie/day-dream et at 12. Turn into a nightmare] Turn into a bad experience aera aye erie a 13. | Blaze the trail To start a movement/begin a new | SIR WE ATE undertaking sa Ye eer 14, Unprecedented Not done or experienced before | St Tea Wot 7a gar haart 15. | Big draw A huge attraction eH Aa THT 16. | Byand by inesare fave 2588 ace 17. | Gain momentum Gain strength irra 18. Bank on To rely Pet eT 19, | Camaraderie A feeling of good friendship ard tei Grp F among.the poopie ie aermap at # ata) wee 20, | Set the Thames on | To achieve something impossible | firet srgiaa ar Ft fire wife eT 21, | Steal someone's Yo make a belter impzession deat aR eT (Fra thunder fag # gern 4) 22, | Atoveboard Open and honest Sarr wa ee 23. ‘Speak straight from | Very cirect without aha, fen aree a the shoulders embellishment Ta & 24. | Ruffe quite a few To annoy some people while ae vie a pT feathers making changes or improvement wert ama ap chi st SUE a SH 14 English for general competition, volume ~ 26.No. [Words Meaning in English [Meaning in Hindi ah Hchelons A level in an organization/a level [Harm fstent ar fafa of authority or responsibiie FE 25. Rot et in A situation starting getting worse | AT wat EhVTET TS ea 27, | Steal the march on |To gain an edvantag: on feet a aga afer ae 28. |Predecnssar [That comes before fancestor pnigeiat 2%. {Plough the sands [Doing that seems impossible or = | aan ai deat FT aT working in vain ae wea 7a HT aif eer 30, Flay fast and loose }Repeatediy charging one's aan waren aitahae attitude sro 31. |Tumed a deaf car |o ignore what someone says BFA obi 32, |Meritocraus Talented people sfasrrett oF 33. | Pur heads together [To consul seciously fart ae dais | Bine. th: itis ecceelan [Syeceed la deallig Wits fyfeaer era a feet 4 difficult situation awe eT 35. | Off-hane hWothout previous thought ar fear dard & preparation 36. Green horns inexperienced SaAaETT 37, Rub someone the Annoy om ee oT wrong way 38. Put one's foot down |To assert one’s authority avi rar iT 39. Zealut JA person who has very strong: eect are feclings about something such as religion; patitics etc.) 40. {Quixotic Hopeful in @ way that is aot resets = a omen practical et aL Petered ont End wealely: asin gl ar ae at ary 42. [See the light of [Te be made available or be sserod Fy A ase the day lento shone ar 43. Debutant }One who makes the first St aeeh an arise: ats] Jappearane in public platform Jom Guster, 0 Fike acting, singing etc. a4 Banana Republic |A-small, poor country with a weak: aa fret jor dishonest government WER saat 7 We tH 43, |Go banana Become very ungeys act crazy age ates TE cl Tare aot 16. Bark up the Waste one's eflorts by pursuing = [tem 4 ten amy at swroag tree the wrong thing or path eat or —! English for general competition, volume—2 ——___________—{7%3S.No. [Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 47, |Have a ball Enjoy oneself greatly SUR Tet FT 48. Take a back seat Occupy an inferior position she cai on 49. |Whole new all game | A completely different situation | fawqy sem erm 50. |Dark horse A litte known person that ail gt hPa tea A emerges to prominence Wey ae Fare el ae 1, In one’s kitty Acontainer kept fora particular | ta arava eerie fart purpose to which all members [7p % 34 vin qe HER jointly contribute a 52. With bated breath Feel very excited or anxious while waiting ota Very small amount in for a shocic To get a sudden unpleasant surprise 55, [Bolt from the blue Unexpected and unpleasant experience 56. | Bite the dust To suffer humiliation or defear | ufttett @ =n a1 EET 7a 57, |Get the boot from the |To be kicked or rejected gan fen at public 58. | Blood, sweat and tears | A lor of effort and sufferings art ware we tet 59, |Bear fruits To give good results wear eT 60, | Riue-eyed hoy Very dear/Apple of ene’s eye agg enciatal a ara 61. |New kid on the block | Someone who ts mew in a place | si few waar Ff a7 or organisation and has many | wi ait 32 wet EE things to learn. atat at xen th 62. | Big Cheese Important person reread orf 63. |Remain betwixt and | To remain in a midway position, | 4a # ere Atria a between doubtful 4 aond 64. [Bite the bullet To enrer with resignation upon | frafeare aH =e a difficult course of action wie ae ac Fallon one’s sword | Assume responsibility or blame | fiat tt EE er ‘on behalf of other people, Feit St especially byresigning from a Fosition 66. [Beat ¢ hasty retreat | Run away/abandon sm st 67. |& langhingstocke A person or thing that is regarded] Ware oH 31 as very foolish or ridiculous 68. |Queer fish Strange person [Ree a 16 |}-———————————English for generat competition, volume - 292, 33. Sa, 95. Bosom friends Hook, line and sinker Ridiewe iron-witled, Rise te the eccasion Steady Catch syes uf Fost and furious Mew <0 earth A farery every Tam, Seal the fate Get “he Mak Ito receive with open arms Here to stay S.No. [Words ‘Meaning fa English Meaning in Hindi 69. [Pick holes To find foult vate 70. jBhue alood Royal wet 71 Rub the wrong way | To irritate smmeane fet a fasvewas ar a 72. [Puta spoke in the } io spoil someone's plan fart sae aw frre wheel ar 73. [Winning spree Outhurst of an activity AREA 7 Past master Expert a 78. |The leading Hight | A perstit who is very impors pea ag a att rem member of x uu aft 76. | Throw down the To challenge ph a gauntlet 77, |Eat bumble pic To be forced toadmit ‘he! yuu are | # wR TC Haa etn he wae ert ti 78 We baie Avery euisy and confused Were we sae eT situation a | (Ail eyes Watching very closely aga Ses ee aT Write off Te regard or concede to be lost wemehaiy & ET HT Fast friends Completely, without hesitation or reseivation ‘To deride Of strong determination To mect the challange of an event StaSle, uniform To atcract the attention of swith Humble Notably different Ever Dick and Harry End in failure ‘To receive criticiem intenscly and énergetivally one witheur discrimintion To welcome Set to remain for a longer period = fant tea fart Bere TET sgt mag TR eid a an oe art art aretin wer a ud ea a bee are ara tia erreetat Yam anctear UF vam cH aret ara te TT English for general competition, volume ~ 2 17S.No] Words Meaning In English (Meaning in Hindi 96. | Change the gcar Change onc's approach in Perea a fret sar ater handling a problem aisha eT 97. | Go great guns Progress very well aes are ate es ee 98. | Under the gun Urider pressure todo something [SF # aM aT 99. | Once bitten twice | Taking full precaution because wa at asa a are a shy he/she has been hurt once art aeeaT TTT sen, are ae si 1 100. | Picte up the pieces | Try to repair emotional, financial | wrerrere, anfiler om ara] or other damage done to life fer Sere esac 101. | Plain sailing Easy progress over an fan Rae FTA unobstructed course his 18 English for general competition, volume -2Story -6 Sweat of the brow ‘Children of lesser god’ too need equal attention. Child labourers and their exploiters ate ubiquitous* not only pam India? but also throughout the world. From paedophilic? to sadist* the exploiters can be of any type and the problem is aggravating day by day. Usually in our country Fabian policy* is adopted to deal with those whose actions fly in the face of” the orders of the various rulings and acts of the country: In feet whether it fg a tca stall or @ construction site, almost every place speaks volume! for this heinous? and abominable” fect ag child labour can be scen all around us, The exploiters anap their fingers™ at the law saying ic is better to work than to die from starvation, The toil and mol of these young mass is also not paid adequately as many children ate at a loose ond! and are ready to do any back breaking" work just to keep the wolves away from the door, Almost all Acts made against child labour prove futile at close quarters"? 2s children who are dead broke and down and out" cannot hice great hand® to fight lheis cases ta the finish, The fool's errand” cannot make two square meals available lo them. Even when certain emall fry™ and green harne™ come to their rescue, the offenders try to grease their palm™ and zeany times these good Samaritans” give a wide berth™ to all such big fish. Somctimes even the police spill the beans®® and even take up the cudgels® for child labour terming it a necessary evil™ The concerned authorities tac pass the buck” and well kaown faces just play the gallexy™ by raising such issues on public platform. We, the enlightened und educated class, do not turn a hair when we see child labourers aroand us, The elite* and influential classcs too that can really do something concrete very easily, wash their hands of all such evils that are ampant™ and deep rooted” in our society. In my opinion it is obvious that the rank and Mle" uexaily rum short of necessities of life but this in no Way must be a sort in the arm of child labour in India, Of course abolition of child labour from a developing country is an uphill tagle but its presenor is-2 elear writing on the wall that steering clear or* it will invite cerious human right violation. English for general competition, volume - 2 —_——_———_——_—_| 19 ]Vocabularics S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi Sweet of the brow |Hard labour agi ew 3 Ubiquitous Universal adem 2. Pan India Present throughoat India Rowe 4 iE, 3. Paedophilic lOne who has sexual desires with | 47a ?-wire cralren 4 Sadist lone who derives pleasure in wei sa age ner others’ pain a . ‘Aggravation fro worsen eet TTT 6 Fabian policy Policy of delaying decisions Ful eee #1 ori 7. Fly im the face of {To defy Tet Fr 8 ‘Speak volumes ot [To have abundant proo! of sid) ara ot aaa ert 9. Heinous Very bad or evil a wae 10. Abominabie IFit to be hated Ta HCG i. Snap fingers at {Tu show comtespt SReTVORRATT FEAT 12, Toil and moll Hard Labour wat ter 13. Ata loose end __|Idle/unoccupied fn an aaa 14. | Back breaking [Physically demanding eae 15. | Keep the wolves [ru avid stucvation art tot atway from the door| 16. | Futile \Fruitless free IT. At close quarters |Close examination a nie a ter a8. Dead broke Penniless oa Tat 19, Dewn and out — [Poor and ruined vita aft wale 20. Great hand lexpert wi 21. Fight to the finish [ight to the end ae et 22, Fool's errand Useless undertaking ak HOT 2a Square meals Substantial rourishing meals te a arr consisting of enough food w sctishy hunger 24, Small fry Not important person ae aT Bs Green horns Inexperienced agen 20. Grease the palm [To bribe feat Sm 7. Geod samaritan {One who helps sirangers ah sport cil et Ae aT al 28. Give a wide berth [To avoid aT TT ao] English for general competition, volume-2S.No. | Words Meaning In English Meaning in Hindi 29. Big fish Influential people fry et ae aw ea aT 30. Spill the beans | To reveal the secret ast sual SF aL, Take up the ‘To suppert or defend see Waa FUT oudgels 32. Necessary evil Something wrong but essential | at ama ¢ Afra wet 3 33. Pass the duck To blame cach other we gt aw ae Fe 34. Play the gallery | To gain chcap popularity aeat etait after =e 35, Tura a hair Show reaction Ria ATA Ae 36. Elite High class wea at a7. Wash hands of | To have nothing to do SE udeta ET BT 3a Rampant Widespread aa 39. Deep rooted Existing for a iong time and hot wea a ai sit fk difficult to change ufaida eer yieEa a 4p, Rank and file Ordinary people on caret 41, Run short of Lack at ert 42. A shot in the arm | To encourage theresa aor 43 Unbhill rasle Difficult task tea sm 44. Clear writing on | A warning aarit the wall 48. Steer clear of __|'To avoid & st) English for general competition, volume -2 —aStory -7 Now dan’t tell me, you aren’t anglophobic. Erglish, am alien language for almost half of the Indians, is a cause of dread!, panic? and trepidation? for many. Anglophodia, a well-known problem in India even leads to a recluse’ life style and such people become xenophobict and introvert®. Since their education is in Hindi medium or their regional language, they are found to be not only eaeographist? when they write but also eircumloeutory* and inaudible? when they speak as they lack the knowledge of exact words 2o present their ideas in a suecinet™ manner and hence they gradually grow diffident. While writing answers they are usually verbatim" and — verbose!2, The facsimile! of the exact passage hardly fetches any marks for them and this in turn make the bibliophilic* students taciturn'S and aloof, This posse” of Anglophobic pupils turn pedantic” when it comes to expressing their views in their mother tongue. They become loquacious* and their articles become terse® and they, infallible. Many such students f out of the erudite’s try to mask their achilles! heels? and instead of taking a I book, they throw a spanner* in the plane and syllabus of the different commissions conducting exams in India. The came happened when life was thrown out of gear!” due to the agitations staged™ by the Civil Services candidates of the Iiadi belt. ‘The Government had to throw up the sponge™ when the agitation gradualiy gained momcatum™ and tack the government by storm’! Usually when the erunch comes" it seems, politics wins und his language of mass communication: loses the battle. Anglophobia, in ay opinion, is gnasiophobia® because all scientific discoveries and inventions made by the occidental™ are passed on to the oriental in the native language of the West ie. English. We misconstrue®* them as bohemian’? and swashbueller® but we fail to appreeiate** that they aire versatile", diligent" and indefatigable”. English is here to stay. Our deftness in adapting ourselves to the changing world will decided which way we go, cowards our regression or our progression®. 22 |}-—_________—English for general competition, volume —2Vocabularies S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi Anglaphobia fe of English and tinglish things aisha wed vies wept a St 1, | Dread Fear = 2 Panic Fear a 3 Trepidation A feeling of fear that causes one to Sm Sena te hesitate because he thinks that atresia aT something unpleasant is going to happer| @ sr fH 4, Recluse Marked by withdrawal from society amet Tet ae 5. Xenophobic [One whe is afraid of whatever is sh Rett wrt sie raz a lof foreign origin =a a 6. Introvert One who is shy, quiet and does not aig find it easy to tallc to ochors ? Cacographist. |One who has bad handwriting & raat free ar at spellings [antonym of orthographist awa et lend cal‘igraphist) 8 Circumlocutory|Roundabout way of speaking wa-fied ax aa ot 9. Inaudible Not possible to hear ty ae 10, Succinet, Precise, without wasted wores We 8, fan en TT = 11, | Verbatim |Word for word/ in the exact words eR: 12. Verbose Using more words than needed Sar 8 ad wet a wr 13. | Faesimite [An exact copy es 16. | Bibliophilic One who loves books fami 4 at ect ore 15. Taciturn, Quiet, reticent ww aa 16. | Aloof Alone ree 17. | Posse LA group of pcople who are same aim ar mae at frat in some way Wa aaM BT 18. | Pupil Student oF 19. | Pedantie [One who displays his knowledge ae gn ol aay are 20, |Loquacious [Talkative agg 21 Terse Concise, using few words Pra preg eat 22, Infallible ‘That cannot make mistakes ai Teri al at 23. | Achilles’ heeis|A weak or vulnerable point Era Engtish for general competition, volume-2 238.No. [Words Meaning in English ‘Meaning in Hindi 24, |Take leaf out |To emulate ast Far of one’s book 25. |Erudite Scholarly, having aeademic knowledge — | var-ferer 36, |Throw a. \To sabotage a plan “Sr AE ET spenner 27, |Throw out of |Not werking properly oe a ee a ET gear 28, |Stage (verb [Organize, arrange rot (sat, aster ware) 29, |Throw up the |Surrender aes ot sponge 30. |Gain Gain force or strength via aa A tat a momentum 31. |Take someone [To surprise unexpectedly seria at Sa by storm 32. |When the [The moment of decision for a ae crunch comes 38 Fear af knowledge wae 34 lor Europe aria tem 35, [Oriental Of Asia especially Raster Asia ween are Ae ofr a 26. |Misconstrue |Misunderstand Ted EAT 37, |Bohemian JA person of unconventional life style srmetieg serrate aren afta 38, [Swashbuckler |A boastful person a re ver 39. | Appreciate [Ta understand the worth of. a Fit SEAT 40, |Versatite latte: te ido many. different: things: ag-xtorerct 41. |Deftness Stell wat 42, |Indefatigable {That doesn’t tire a as at 43, [Diligent Hardworking eit 44. [Regression —[Retrogression/ return to former stage We oT 45. |Progression The process of developing over a wiht (wat a aa} [period of time 24 English for general competition, volume-2Story-8 Gift of the Gab You can twist the world around your little finger if you have gift of the gab. What wonders an orater* can do was proved by our PM in the Lok Sabha election, He is articulate®, deft® and his extemporaneous* specch ieaves the audicnce mesmerized? ard spell-bound". His impromptuTspeeches are never harangue* and Usually brings the house down’. In the sane way, many other poli:ica! partics have eloquent” Jeadcrs who are though wet behind the ears" beggar description? whrr it comes to artieufacy™. A silver- tomgued* person can break the ice’ casily and is alweys in the good books of his acquaintances!’ Hc never develops cold feet! when it comes to public speaking, while the demophobie® people eut no ice with the crowd, # glib™and nonchalant™ epeaker with his unambiguous speech acver falls short of™ impressing the listener. Teaching too is more of an art that needs a lol of eloquence besides knowing the ins and outs*o! subject. A teacher must be a live wire* and must hold the class to his leash*” Loaves and fishes” must not be his prime concern and he must prove himself to be a man of parts” if he wants to be revered™ by his students, An old hand™ Jmows how to elicit™ responses whether it is from a class or a ctowd but I am pained when I sec the political parties painting the tewa red in the name of rallies where the boisterous politicians booet of fram the Fostram™ while the commen tan pay through his nose* for such reverie” in the form cf tax, The leaders play to the gaflery** ané pull the wool over the cyes of” the common peuple in the name of caste, religisn and region, Recently the Supreme Court has put its foot down"and has pul en cnd to taxpayer funded full-blown nareissismto! politicians by banning the government from issuing media advertisements containing phutos of ministers and political teaders., Vocabularies Words Meantng in English Meaning in Hindi | Gift of the gab |The ability to speak persuasively arg Oratot One who is good at making speeches ara Hs Articulate Able lo express ideas clearly and effectively] W a7t fan FI ae in speceh or writing 1a wart aoe a aa a de A ort OTE Deft Skillful & clever a English for general competition, volume-2S.No. Words Meaning in English ‘Meaning in Hindi 4. |Bx:cmporancous| Without preparation far tnt S 5. |Mesmerised | To told the attention completely or spell- | #4 FET bind 6. |Spell-bound —_| To hold the attention completely a eT 7. |impromptu Without preparation fen ford = 8. |Harangue A forceful or angry speech Jem Fa 9. |Brings the To receive great applause ae ofe may IT house down 10, |Floquen: Having the ability to use language 2 Fe and cilectively 11, |Wet Sehind the | inexperienced DRE jeare 12. |Begaar Unable to be described Saat a For description aime eh 13, JArticulacy ‘The state of being elequent ae Sa aT TT 14, |Silver-tongued | Able to speak in a way that makes people | 31a RT do ut believe what you want them Ww do or believe 15, |Break the ice |To begin conversation aada as FI 16. |In the good In favour of uaa books of 17. |Acquaintances | Onc who is known “fifen 18. |Develop cold To become nervous ag! art eat 19, |Demophobic A person who is afraid of crowd masses sta act # ate or people wae ae a Te 20. |Cut no ice To leave no influence aa TT ET 21. |auib Speaking in a smooth, easy way without | sate @ von. om S Preparation and that is nor sincere fen fra et aR 22. |Nonchalant | Relaxed and calm wa, fam tier 23, [Unambiguous | Clear ae 24, |Fall short of —_| To fail to attain something like a goal 4 TT eT 25. |The ins end | Minute details sept areart outs 26. |A live wire Energetic aia 27. |To held to to reste: oroontell aq twat lone’s Teash, 28. |Loaves and Materialistic wealth sitar weata lishes 29, [Maa of parts | Talented wert 26 English for general competition, volume-2S.No. Words Meaning in English ‘Meaning in Hindi Revered Respected wats, Olé has Experience rer licit To draw out eres Painting the | Celebrate Nembeyantly wash me TA tear own red = m9 34. |poistcrous Noiay ait pat wat 35, |Rostrum A small raised platform on a stage aw Fa 36, [Pay through | To pay duurly er 3 aI ST his nose 97, [Reverie Mereiment ott 38. [Play to the ‘To gain cheap popularity wat arin nfs gallery = 39, [Pull wool over / To blind to the true situeliun wel tra 8 fee ofa the eyes of =r someone 40. |Put ite fort | To assert one's authority ldown 41, [Narcissism Self-love and admiration a at aan Pality For general Comgesitions KD Publication Add: 701, 2nd Floor, Dr, Mukherjee Nagar Deihi-I 10009 English for general competition, volume - 2 ——H——_| 97Story-9 After lullaby, the best thing that happened in my life. Legends! ard Aneedates? make ns mostaligie? and thay take us down the memory lane to, our Childhood, Our grandparents were raconteurs‘ and had gift of the gabt, Their Incid* way of explaining the minute” and ingrained? details of the stories, they narrated, made this relation elose to our heart®, Every night, | waited, with bated breath”, for the folktales? and yarn? of my grandmother whe was mealy-mouthed" and stood in great stead" whenever anyone needed her. She kicked the bucket? when she was as fit as fiddle". This bolt from the blue!” took me and my siblings™ by storm', Now | do understand the weal and woe™ of life and know that we have to throw up the sponge” willy-nilly* to the events destined in our lite, As tar as Iam concerned, 1am a green horn™ in comparison ta my grandmother who was a great hand* at story telling. For me story telling is a hereulean task" and my son hauls me over the coals” if f fail to bring the house dowa™ by my performance, 1am a damp squib at story celling bur still die hard®*, Candldly** 1 would say that all my efforts end im fiasco* and at the end he pulls a tong face™* and I find myself ploughing the sands". He picks holes™ in ull my stories and | enel up will :ny foot in the mouth**. Child:en love tall stories" too though with a pinch of salt, Though the stories of fairies and Iegendary* churacte:s appear will O' the wisp® but undoubtedly these stories arouse the power of imaginations and help children build Ivory tower“ and stay in a Mutter® all day Long: Me Ces S.No| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi Fables Short stories with animal characters: ara % fecex aah oie aebrit Parable A short story with a moral lesson afm Fer 1. [Legends ‘A story from past that is believed by tet ert Prest wreeT siahy.fieciale: butiean’e be proved so-be ede | Fas #nl English for general competition, volume - 2S.No] Words Meaning tn English Meaning in Hindi 2, [Anecdotes [Short account of an incident tyne 3, [Nostalgic [Pleasure and sadness that is caused by | get We fird ak ae remembering something from the past and | Ga-3w #1 siqyft # jwishing that you could experience it again 4, |Raconteur [A persan skilled tn telling stories aah wafret ga aT 3. |oitor the |Artof speak aod a en HP a gab 6. [Lucid Very clear and easy to understand ae 7. [Minute Very small = 8. |Ingrained Deeply embedded sihfen 9. [Close to car [Very dear aga fa a Iheart 10. |Bated breath |in anxiety/expectancy agra sik ssi Sma 11, [Folktales [A story originating in populer culture area typically passed on by word of mouth 12, [varn J4n exciting or interesting story hive wert 13. {otealy-mouthed |Soft-spoken aygeart 14, [Stand in To be helpful in need we $a wR ATT jereat stead 15. [Kick the [To die 7 am rackeet 16. [As ites — |Healthy ee fiddle 17, \Bolt from the |Sudden or unexpected shock sre aA ulus 18. /Siblires |A person's brothers or sisters eeu ae 19, |fotake by | Tu surprise isa Fer storm 20. |Weal and woe |Jay and sorrow qe ak 2a 2. [Throw up | Surrender are a the sponge 20. |witly-nilly [Whether one wishes or not ae a ae 23. [Destined Governed by fate 4a a fern gr 24. |Green horn |Inexperienced agree a5, \Great hand — | expert fina 26. [Herculean [Very difficult work cafea ori task English for general competition, volume~2 29S.No] Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi To take to task wea To do something that takes attention art aah ot away from what someone has done aa 29 30, an Complete failure Peraiatent in struggle Frankly 22 Come to nothing/ uncaneluded 33. |Pulla long | To look sad ace 34. |Ploughing | To do futile Inbour the sacds 35. [Picks holes | To find tauit with 36. [Foot in the [To say something that one regrets later | meri 554 Sara waarar a7] mouth 97, (Tall stories | Stories diifioult to belleve Fevers ta aa area 28. Heving doubt about rath Se TE AT 30, [Legendary | Very tamous aati AQ, |Will O' the | Unreal wera wisp 41, |ivory towar | tmaginasy world sete sa 42. [ina flutter | Excited sonfer 3G English for generai competition, volume - 2Theme based Idioms [ Cotoured Idioms Blue S.No] Words | Meaning in English ‘Meaning in Hindi 1. \Feeling bine fecling unhappy gd seq et 2, out ofthe blue ‘completely unexpected ial aie are 3. {To blue pencil sometining |to censor something fare sort 4, {Blue eyed boy svourite fer 5. [Blue blood royal jae 6. [Blue murder loud outery ‘area 7. |Bue in the face to make am enormous but para veg ord a futile effort ea & [Onceinabluemoon — |very rarely seta 9. |Tobeat black and blue | beat mercilessly et a ten 10, [Blue ribbon /blue riband | ighesl prize ina competition —_| stein a1 Sem ya 1). }true biue completely loyal aemicie 12. |Talkwhlue streak to talle quickly arid without stopping! wm aet 2 at eT 13. |The blue A state of depression yr sadness | araere/senit a feats 14, [Blue collar workers Unskilled workers jarezict aR 15. [Between the devil and [to have two equally unpleasant = |¢t auax offta fares |the deep biue sea choices : Rat from the blue sudden or unexpected shock svat aa Blue stocking ‘A woman with strong scholarly — Atfefare fa Tet or literary interests, jarelt feo Red |S.No| Words Meaning in English ‘Meaning ia Hindi 1, | Rea totter day a very important or memorable day] wane FH 2, |» paint the town red |to celebrate Se FAT 3. |mmehe red Qverdrawn / in financial danger |frdy wt I 4, | Like a red rag to a bull | likely ve sake someone angry aaa et we TET 5. | Red tepism extreme formalities ata siren 6, |Redearpet welcome — [to welcome with great respect = 2 ay Br FO English for general competition, volume - 2——___—__——_-—_[331 ]¢. | Red bait: to denounce /to accuse Fig aren) Ss PRET To eateh someone red | to catch someone while he was | fara TagT handed committing the crime 9. | Tolook through rose | with an unduly, cheesful or srarerdt fea a coloured /tinted glasses | optimistic view 10, | Red herring ‘thas distract from the main issue | Te We Gover wet 11, | Tosee rea get angry / violent fee on 12. | Paint the town red celebraze noisily we # ae ae Ar 13, | Red rag to a bull that makes someone very angry | 3 fed #1 yen feerg Grey 8.No.| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. | Grey area lack of clarity cerca of afl Grey matter intelligenee aon 3 Grey market | a market outside the authorized are aT system of distribution 4, Grey eminence | one without an official position but at fat ve oT at ae who has influence aver peaple who ate de 2 waa take decisions ft Pris tH 21 Green 8.No. | Wards Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. | Tobe green immature /new at something cafaeefaa 2 To have green thumb / | skill at growing plants Seat area acl aT fingers 3 To goflook green to look pale oF ill star fea To get green light lo get approval te do something —_ | fiedt wie #1 sapier a aR wet eA 5. Green with envy to be extremely jealous aga $3 SFT | 6. Green eyed monster | jealousy /envy i Si; | Saye greaneyer hejeaious forq a 9, Agreen horn anovice / beginner /inexperienced | “fare person 11, | Grae ie greener on the| to think that others are in better | Wen theal fe TAT other side circumstances aoa oR A 2 [32] English for general competition, volume -2White 8.No. | Words ‘Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi_| L ‘White wash | cover Up the truth Frag ah Rouen 2 | ily white innocent f pare a 3. | Whhite glove inspection Fete 4, | white colar workers | skilled workers eet RE 5. | white magic magic used todo good things | ol 3 a ar whe fara vam at 5. | White elephant. useless but expensive possession| “e) Wy orn aq 7. | White He alic that istold in o-dernotto | gp sie rem A en upset anyene a ate gat si ache age 8. White hope one who is expected to bring fad wismventa vite honour, glory ete =A aan ei 9. | Show white feather | show cowardice sarrem Fear Black 8.No| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1, | Black hand A lawless, secret society engaged J arafers nisfatat in criminal activities fra anal art 2. [Black hearted Wicked x 3. | Blais too face full of anger and hatred aaa TH ya a ea ag 4. | Black future ‘bleak furure /future without hope | aiarera ofr 5. |Black aad white to jucige everything as either good [wa =e HI few ors or bad ae act dy cet ©, | Black sheep 8 person who is a disgrace or at utar & fee embarrassment for his tamuly SoA A RT et 7. | Inthe black 1 be successful or profitable raat Ba 8, | Blacklisted banned ‘afta 9, |In black ead waite In written for ater =v y 10, | Black hole of Caleutta | unpleasantly fall and hat room we we 4 ao ga of confinement are 11, | Te look as black ai extremely angry 6c Te thunder 12, | To beat bluck and blue | to beat mercilessly fetamr & tear English for generat competition, volume - 2——___—______[33 ]Purple S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1 Purple heart bravery, wet 2. | Purple inthe face / | extremely angry ae ANH purple with rage Pink S.No.| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi z To be in pink to be cheerful/ be healthy eases we ga eh end heppy Brown S.No.| Words Meaning in English l Meaning in Hindi ‘To be in brown study | be lost in imagination l waret Fata ar Yellow S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi i ‘Yellow press newspaper publishing sensational news Colour 8.No,] Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hind! 1 In the limelight prominent 3a a Off colour notin usual form cet ea Tt at 3 Sail under false a bypocrite wat colours, English for general competition, volume~2Food Item Idioms 8.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1, | Apple pie order in perfect order afl srena , Sey char arte 2. | anapple ofdiscord | cause of quarrel a at ase 3. | Abad egg jabad apple | 4 bad person =A a {Beg on to urge to do something fori om # fee 5. | To put alll eggs in one’s | to risk everything in one ee om Fam rT basket enterprise ot 6. | Te buy wJemon to buy something useless aera are wet or defective 8. | cry over spilt milk te ory or complain about Ae sag, BAT aT ore something that has already | falter qr 7 Ga happened 9. | Tohavea finger in to be involved in late of wien ton dl we every pie different things A ore art 10. | To overegg the pudding| to exaggerate or rain in oer ah ae wae something while trying hard fone tar to imorove it ii. |Aknuckle sandwich | a punch 12, | In the soup in serious trouble 13. | Apple of one’s eye A favourite person 14. | Polish apple to flatter 15. | Banana republic weak or corrupt country 46. [Upset the apple cart | to ruin plans 17. | Second banana Subordinate 18. | Cherry pick to select carefully 19, | Not give a fig to be unconcerned 20, | Atemon worthless item 21, | Peaches and cream going well, comfnrtable, without blemishes English for general competition, volume ~ 2— 3522, 23. a. 27. 23. 29. 30, a1. 32. aa, a4, A plum, Sour grapes To be full of beans Acarrot top To pass an olive branch Pea = brained To be ina pickle Couch potato Hot potato Small potatoes Salad days To bear fruits To be a vegetable Migily coveted, that ia coveted bat cannot be obtained hence belittled to tak nonsense Ared hatred person te make peaceiut or seconciliatory over=ures stupid o experience complication one who keeps seated watching television difficult or controversial issue insignificant youthful period of une’s life to produce results to become physically diseblea aieon (94 Fafa) aE ee ear AT Farererae UE eT neers a am -English for generat competition, volume - 2Human Being Idioms 'S.No.| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. | At one’s wit’s end perplexed Rasa H %. | At the spur of the moment} at the exact time ad or ae 3. [Above board honestand straighWorward | tren aft a 4. |atfitas a fiddie strong and healthy meg ate ere 5. | At cross purposes contrary to each other ret frbit dt 6. | By hook or by crook by one means or another feat st tet a 7. | Bid defiance to ignore atat wer 8. | Cry over spilt milk repent eer 9. | Call names to abuse FET 10. |Dig the grave ta destroy wie eM 11, } Die in harness dic while in service serfers % ann cha a arr 12. |Dare devil feorless person rE 13. |Dead broke very poor fey ata ta 16, {Bat one’s words take @ statement back war aT 7 15. |Eat humble pie to apologize sane car 16. | Fool's errand useless undertaking aan FH 27. [Gentlemen at large an unreliable person safest Satie 18. |Good Samaritan ‘one who helps strangers sorta eae, ee eT 19. |Give the devithisdue | give credit tu @ worthless aan oat St ed TT person for his good qualities | # fw #7 ta 20, |Give up the ghost pass away, die wy a an 21. |Kithend kin blood zelation eb 22, |Man of letters literate person nat fren sate 23. | Midas touch a touch which turns anything| a@ Fel fae en St ort into gold ar profitable wea BG 24. |Man of parts a man of qualities aren eae 28, |Man of straw a weak person. aarin gare 26, | No fove lost intense dislike FRR sie fm English for general competition, volume - —E]28. | Take people by storm t surprise unexpectedly sural & 4 aha FET 29, | Yeoman’s service excellent work: ata SH art 30. | On the other sido of the | dead We world 31. | To bare one's sowl/heart | to reveal one’s innermest fe St an thought 32, | Not to breathe a word will not tell anyone cad apr we at car (of it) 33. | Can't call one's souk working for other peoptc al | ren Gd = fog ed we one's own, the time a4, | Wagag keep body | waits salen fact got tener fat together survive fio wa # fg oe a 3s. | Bvery living soul every person a 2a 36. | Gripe one’s soul to annoy someone fect at ar sor 37. | To pour out one's sont | to contzes somethi ae fearon vere reveal one's deepest concern | == FUT 38, | Body and soul ‘contipletehy wien a 39. | To put one's heart and | to put one's interest ard lot | 77 7 soul into something of energy into some works 40. | Steal someone’s thunder| make @ better impression te ToT TPT English for general competition, volume -2Object Weapon Idioms Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 12. 13. 16 15. 16. 17. 1s. 19. At dagger’s drawn Add fuel to the flame or fire At a stone's throw Blow one’s trumpet Burn @ hole in one’s pocket Burn candle at both ends Blow hot and cold Calla spade a spade Carrot and stick policy Get into hot waters Give one a rope Have as axe to grind Hit below the belt Haul aver the coals Hang fire Hit the nail on the head Have too many irons in the fire Hold in leash Keep the pot boiling so have Sitter enmity lo make matter worse Newey to praise oneself money spent quickly To ust one's resources or cneray sn excess io peal in favour and against at the same time to Speak plainly/ to be frank reward and punishment rule get inte Lrouble to let someat:e commit mistakes t have a salish intercat to strike un fairly to tae Lo task remains unsolved to strike at the appropriate time or place Going many things at 2 time to restrain carn hardly enough for a living cr et ert sen AT FT aE at 2 Fel oe sro fa wd om wrenusial watt gator 7 UH a we Wue F ak troy a ia re we ay Gam eT saad acta Pm oft ae ee apes 3 Fe ent ae aaa ta Set aan fre osepre Far adie ver aot cm A aaa aed at HF =r fren we an fe ee S Sar ee =m English for generai competition, volume - 2-20. | Live-wire energelie 21. | Last nailin the coffin | the last eventof something thar | ara at air wir has alrency started to fail 22. | Last straw the final trial of pationce ad an ofr ater 23. | Pour oil on troubled to pacify the matters Tne et eta aT waters 24. | Puta spoke ina wheel | 20 obstruct ae eter 25. | Damocles’ sword facing imminent danger few wat #1 rr Coal 26. | Tosct Thames on fire | 10 2chieve something ee aaa we AT impossible [40] English for generat competition, volume-2Pair Idioms {s.No] Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hind! 1. | Weal and woe Joy and sorrow Wa ok Ta 2. | Ups and downs: Success and failure aoan att frost 3. | Pros and cons Advantages and cisadvantages eet 4, | Sum and substance) Mcaning, gist or summary varie 5. |Fleshandblood =| A human being with his natural Fer (aeet orpte limitations Tarra Fe) 6. | Fishes and loaves | Materiatistic gains ‘ara ST 7, | dard and fast Sariet wa 8. | To and fro Backwerd and forward alae 9. | Cut and dried Readymade aan 10,| Alpha and amega | AtoZ We a ot 11.) Aland sundry Everyone, without distinction wa, Fen Pest agar 12.) Ins and outs Fall derail fre i 13. Fire and sword Anger, rage and rife {to go on a aly, Ser Ea rampage 14.| Fire and brimstone| The torments suffered by: wee A afta ger arr sinners in hell ata aret tere 15.| Far and wide In all directions wa Rest 16.| Far and near ‘From distant and near about places | FSR Was 17.| Spie and span Neatand elean ae ya 18.| On andon Continuously TTA 19,] Againand again | Repeatediy wean 20.| Now and then Often occasionally ward 21.| off and on Irregularly/sporadic/intermittertly | aPrafiafeegearae #7 22.{ By Fits and starts | irregularly /sporadic/intormittently | sfrofafaeqean—w Ft 23.| By hand and foot | In all possible ways /by all means | Wl 5a Tal Get we A 24.) Be hand and glove | Be very close gn aie ot 25,| Heart and soul whole-heartedly, with devotion gta 3, oa Sma 26.| Wear and tear Damage efaae ae 27.) Safe and sound Unburt eta 28.| Fair and square Honest, just and proper Arr, ofan 49.| Mole and corner | Beingin a secret place or qa ore 2 Peg or ae couducted secretly English for general competition, volume - 2——————_____—__—_| 430. [Under lockand key [Ata safe place Wise we 91, |Move heaven andearth | To do one’s best, :o leave-no aie Fas Seat stone unturned 32. | Carrot and stick policy | A reward and aun‘shment pokey | San at Gan Ait as, |part and parcel Inseparable part ofa 34. |Blow hot and cold Be unreliable starr 85. |Play fast and loose —_| To behave in a reckless or ANCE AERR FT irresponsible manner 36, |Play ducks and drakes| Waste or squander wale ae a7. |By leaps and bounds | Very rapialy sen ta 38. |Null and void Ineffective ont 39, [Rank and file Ordinary people sam arrest 40, [Out and out Completely a ae 41. [Par and away With much difference SOR ata He UT 42, |Hunt high and low — | 7a Icok cacewully in every pos: BRT ee Pt place for someone or something | aha am feat vat at dem 43, |tmevety nook and | everywhere ase 44, |Touch end go uncertnia‘and with probably bad |afafren qd stim aw result ert 45. |Day in and dayout For an indefinite number of IRR FE fart = ore sucecnsive days English for general competition, volume ~ 2Animal Idioms 8.No|Wards Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. |Adog in the manger fone who Gocsn't let others ag mia a ged =t aa enjoy what he himself cannot — | 4 #1 Fat et ARE a aaa) SER aE GK Te sat aa 2. |Goto dogs be ruined wate a 3. [Every doghas its day — [good fortune comes sooner or | free et a ee ait tater 4, \Rain cats and dogs raining heavily 5. [Acat and dog life JA quarretsome life arr sa sas 6. |Let the cat out of the bag|reveal the secret 35 ier 7. [Beli the cat lta take firec step at personal | Prema Wifi f Gee hiske aR sort 8. [Smell a rat to become suspicious afer at 9. |Fromaherse’s mouth — [from a reliable source fraate th a 10. |Flog a dead horse {to waste one’s efforts Frere sare 11, |A dark horse A hidden genius att ae wir 12, |Put the cart before the [ta do things in wrong order Seis a a are OT forse 13. [Looking a gift horse in {criticize 2 gift aren at SreiAT ithe mentls 14, |a stalicing horse Somulhing that is used to hide [at fret & arate someone's teal purpose sired a faut fare 18. |Flog a dead horse to waste time trying ro do a8 arf 4 ase vais eer something that will not succeed [at wa wT el aeret 16. |A white elephant ati expensive but useless SR ay possession 17, {a cock and bul'story [A false story fact oaarit 18, |Take the bull by horns —_|face challenges boldly reagan pte 1 aR ee 19. [A bull! ia the etina shop a clumpy person inadelicate |g wera Harel ona situation 20. |A fish out of water lw be in difficulty /to feel afer 3 Hay oer uneasy eae ET 21, |To fish in troubled waters|io take advantage of the eet st CT aL FT troubles of others, arn 22. |qucer fieh piranies ptr=oh arity fit English for general competition, volume - 223.| Have another fish te fry | have some morc impostant Ree ai eept ert ear work to do 24.| A bird’s eye view a general view at ee 25.| Eagle eye keen eyesight /to pay allention [et 7 FAT to detail 26.| A bird of passage one who doesn’t stay anywhere [si Ge SHE Fae 3 At for long time 27.) mivds of same feather | persons of same lilting ens wee art 28.| A wild goose cha: ‘An useless effort Paar vee 29.| A snalke in the grass Ahidden enemy em ser 30.| Keep the wolf from door | Avoid starvation ang oar 31.| Cry wolt A false alarm ga aaied 32.| Cock a snook toshow contempt /disregard | sarrrT 7m Aan fear 33.| Cock of the walk one who dominates a group or [a was wt feat Te aT at situation 34,| Feather one’s nest enrich oneself dishonestly sari dat a ie 2 35.| A feather in one's cap | An additional achievement ovata sueifay 36.| A black ox misfortune uira 37.| A black sheep A dinernssnioacaba fciren aaa 38.| as a crow flies straight ie 39.| A sitting duck An easy prey onan ferare 40.| Donkey’s year After a long time aga rR are 41.| A scape goat one wha is punished to save fae gat et wart & fey others (a fallguy! efeca feeen Ten et afer ar aT. 42.| Lion's share large part bast fice 43.| a wolf'in sheep's clothing | A dangerous person who locks aes ST unharmiut or preierds to ateviea et at a Ft bbe friendly 44.| Shed crocodile tears | show false sorrow eat 5 TR AT 4s.| Small fry insignificant person as aie 46.| Take under wings to provide protection /shelter [aa I sHtA4 WAM CT a7. Gorgaiveggeaons — | putevenpshiagarsiel aa ee at Awe basket 48.| Bee in one's bonnet lo be fussy. fersit its ei ya ware Be 49.| Book worst a person in the habit of ferent eats ETAT reading Dooks anc studying 50.) Ply in the face af tw dely see ae 51.| Ruls the roost to dominate barat et 82.| Swan song last pertormance iT tt 83.|Wrangle over anass' | te qnarrel aver triffles eel aa mare ear shadow English for general competition, votume-2Vocabularies (From Root Words) If we learn vocabularies, we tend to et them very soon and hence we fail to appreriate our own effort. Leatnmg vorabularies is a ting task but if we try to relate the words with thei: root of anything else, no matter how absurd, we cetnember them for longer time. Let Us first concentiate on words formed from raat words. It is such a vast lek that it has been named Etymology. Etymology is the study of words formed frem Raot Words. [ [eet Word] Meaning | Word —] Meaning of the [iteaning of caning formed | other part the word fea 1.] Ego h Egoiet Selfish Concerned = feere with only 7 Egotist ‘tas in ‘talk, [One who loves fet ay var! -alleing, about oneself. Egocentric centred around T.JOne who Limits oneself Lo one’s [RAS a ay own needs, fa eat se Egomania | ‘Mania’ means |Eatremely fares earl obsession selfish. for oneself. Alter ego | ‘ater’means — |The other [fees aT a ‘the other’. Jside af one’s | eRTER Te personality or ja trasted friend, Ego trip lan act or course [Feat Tari lof action that = ar Jeahances and satisfies one’s ego! Loqua Spesch —} Loquacious One who talks too | TARE frmach. Soliloquy | ‘Soli’ means |The act of fed dare ingle jalone —_fralking ad to oneself Somnilog-| ‘Somaa’ means |One whe talks fat ts 7 wa vist sleep in sleep, je English for generat competition, volume - 2 aaRoot word | Meaning [Ward Meaning of | Meaning of Meaning in| formed the other part| the word Hindi Eloquence Arrofmaking — [sre aa att et forceful speech. |e ELecution Arcof public |amm #3 at speaking. cal IMonologue | Monc-'one’ —_| Soliloquy, a long [pra 4 =v’ aral speech, saeco 3. |Vore toeat [Voracious of huge appetite.|=ae1 3 =] 4. [Herb Vegetation |Herbivore that eats plants.|gnnerd 5. |Carnt Flesh Carnivore that eats flesh. [rierert 6. [Oma All jOmnivore that eats leeeret evervthing ie, hoth plants and flesh. [Omnipotent |Potential’ means {One who is all /rfeferra capacity! powerful. \Omnipresent| Present every = eter where. 7.|Gramin | Grace | Graminivo- That cats grass [STE rous lor seeds of grass. 8. [Peng Frais — |Frugivore lon who eats fruits |e jo, |Seientia | Knawiedge|Omniscient JOne how knows [atat (Scientia is everything, also Ute root word of science} Caco Bad, cyil Cacophony | Phony’ scans Jharsh sound. [aia ara ‘sound! lCacophone- | ‘Philia’ means Jone who loves [st wate weg philist Nove! hearing harsh |? PU ae sound. ee (Cacospec- | 'specta’ means |the obsession [afta “tat tamania to sce! of staring at = |i tat at something laren which is repulsive. Cacography |'graphy' means [had spelling fame whit writing? lorbadhand- a awa writing, Ferree a6 English for general competition, volume-2Root word] Meaning | Word Moaning of |Meaning of | Meaning formed the other part |the word in Hindi Cacology | ‘logy’ means abad choice wea wt aT ‘study’ of words. 7a Caeedemon| ‘demon’ means 3 arn ‘spirit’ Cacodemon| Someone who | safes maniac is controled by an evil spurt Caeoethes |'Ethos' means | An insatiable | 77H ‘character desire Cacoderma ‘Derma’ means | Bad skin. avr wre skin! Caconym |nym' means | An errameous | afept am ‘same! name. Cacodontia] Donto means | Bad tecth. ara aa 'testh’ Cacohydro- | ‘Hydro’ means | Fear o! sien et ST Phobia ‘water’ contaminated ‘Phodial mexns | water. ‘Tear’. Cavoderous ‘Odour! means | Bad smell. wie ‘smell’, Cacogen |'-gen' means | An antisocial | saris 7] roduucer person. Liana Badly Malpractice Failure to nea arr Piet exercise one's | HRW ahuty. Malfeasance| 'Feasance’means | Wrong doing or | 1a ae Fl wrongdoings’ | misconduct, | 7 w W Malafide In bad faith Teta ge Malady Disorder/ fora disease Maladroit |'Adroit' means | Lacking skill, | aa at “skied? Malcontent| ‘Content’ means| Not satisfied. | s{% ‘satisfied’ Malformed Abnormally sary EN formed. aa gi Mainowrished Inadequarely | aire nourished. Malodoronug Odour’ means | Bad smell oie smell’ Malapert Impudently anf aa bold wea English for general competition, volume-2 ]Root word] Meaning] Word Meaning of |Meaning of [Meaning formed the other part |the word in Hindi 12,/Soli Single, |Solilequy | Loqua means |The act of are alone speech, talking to oneself 13. |Somna Slop Semmiloquist |Loqua means | One who toile in [st oq A are speech sleep at Somnambulist|Amble means | One who walks [Hot ¥ ae to walk leisurely! in sleep. Somnolent drowsy, heavy =| #iq a aif with sleep. ear Insomnia sleeplessness | 8 ata 14,|Caco Bad Cacography | Graphy means] bad spelling or [SR] ART 7 writing bad handwriting [BUa feraraz Cacology Logy means to| a bad choice of |smwqrT wel study words. pat ait Cacodemon | Demon means|A bad spirit [at mT spirit Cacoethos | Ethos teans | Uncontrollable [feat ae oR character urge or desire [a sen ert especially for something harmful Cacodemono- | Mania means | someone who is |gi stew @ maniac obsession controlled by an [TA evil spirit. Cacoepy Bad or mistaken] a Sea pronunciation. Cacodezma — | Derma means | bad skin aa wah skin Caconym Nym means [An erroneous | Tet =m skin name a misnomer Cacedentia | Donto means |bad tocth an aa tecth Cacohydroph- | Hydro means | feat of bad/ We oe a obia water contaminated | &T water 48 English for general competition, volume - 2Root word| Meaning [Word Meaning of |Meaning of | Meaning formed the other part | the word in Hindi 15.| mal Bad Mala droit Jacking skill | FIT Malcontent not satisfied = | orig Malformed Abnormally aad formed a fanfar Matnourished Inadeuately | ater Maladorous | Odour means ay smell Maltreat To teat cruclly.| 30 78 Sot 16.| Calli Beautiful |Calligraphy | Graphy means| ‘The art of ae ee al writing. beautiful Sa hand writing, Callipedia Paidos means | the desire to bear| 2 qom ay child. a beautiful child) CT #7 Fer Calliphony | Phony means | Beautiful or | yx FT sound elegant sound 17.| Dipso Aleoholic|Dipsomania | Mania means | an uncontrolladie YA ¥t TH drinks epsession, | craving for alcoholic drinks Dipsophobia | Phobia means | fear of aleokolic | 37 4 =e fear. anniks 18.| Gamy Marriage |Monogamy | Mono means | Practive of ue fear one keeping one wa life partner. Bigamy Bi means two | Practice of fear war keeping two life partners Misogamist | Misien means| Onewho hates | UII 4 90TH hate marriages. ae wal Philogamist |Philmeans | Onewhaloves | WRI a at love marriages, ae oT Endogamy Endo meaas | Marriage within | ori #1 internal a specific group | Rat ¥ wet especially recuired| ET by customs o1 Jaw English for general competition, volume—2 8]Root word] Meaning |Word Meaning of | Meaning of | Meaning formed other part | the word in Hindi Exogamy Exo means | Marriege out of a | 74 "77 external — | speuife group [fra & are especially required | URI eT by custem or law. ‘Hypergamy Hyper means} Marriage in an [wd ea more equal or higher [Sf Tt # caste or social | wet group. 19) Hypo: Hypogamy Marriage in a a ais Tower caste or [ita at social group. ar eat lopstzemy | Opei means | Mariage late in [#2 WE late life. 20] Demo People |Demophilia | Philia means | A fondness for | te 4 = love crowds. Demephebia | Phobia means| A hetred for sig dara fear people (Demagogue | Agogos means| A leader who cant to Icad influence people | vie at gs by fatse claims | 4 FF and promises. | wafed FT Demotics The department | HHTYTET of knowledge related to the care and culture ‘of the people (sociology) Demography [The study of races,|77Har1 as to births, ‘murriages, mortality) health ete. Democracy | Cracy means | Rule of the people| rule Ca} To continue tn Vol3...cenes English for generat competition, volume -2Commonly Used Foreign Words S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1, | ab antique | Prom olden tine srl art S 2, | Ab initio From the begining 3. | Ab oxiginae | Prom rhe begining 4, | Ad hoe For a particular purpose as nescssary| 5. | Ad interim | For the meantime 6, | Ad tibitum — | At one's pleasure 7. | Ad referendum| Subject tu agreement by others and | 2m fray fea a finalisation of details |e 8, | Addendum —_ | An appendix, a thing or things added [atime a. Alma mater The school from which one graduates |e Aer arel & Fae 35] WE a 10. | Amicus curiae| Friend of the court is any judicial = -797 proceeding 11, | Anno Domini | In the christian cra gael (AD) 12, | Arbitrium Decision/arbitration/judgement eof esa 1s. | Avante-garde | Of relating te innovative group rei afer Sater aa a 14. | Before Christ | Before the birth of Christ ear ot 15. | Biemnium Period of two years a) ah aT FT 16. | Bon Voyage} An organized expression of goodwill aa aa a at the start of a trip or a new venvure 17. | Bourgeoisie | Middle class ert sha 1s. | Cirea About or around ae 19. | Coiffeur Hair dresser at teat fsa 20, | Couturier A person or business thatéesigns [teens @ SI feo dress for women wet ae ai. | De die im diem | From day to day fete, uRfe 22. | De facto Really, Infact, Actual arent a 23. | De tour ladirect way orm eH 24. | Devut Hirst apesarinds a6 tugs was Fey ay weal 25, | Debutent One making first appearance (male], [31 4 an 4 afer Debutante (femalo a are wari FE English for general competition, volume - 2 81S.No. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 26. | Detenu A prisoner aa 27. | Dictum de dicto| Hearsay eae 28, | Emeritus Retired with as honorary title from | 7aEMy fat Hea office Em bane in fall court st =arnert En bloc Ina group wey En masse Ina mass ane =a a Ea route (a the way wet Entente An intemnational understanding adaga wt Espouse To marry Ue WaT Ex gratia As'a matter of grace, favour/ not agate compelled by legal right as. | Bx officio By virtue of his office sweater 37. | Ex tacite Silently om 38. | Paux pas A slip or blunder in etiquette mnie tert a9. | Forte A person's special talent or one's | faferem strong point 40. Genre Astyle, a particular type of Literature | Fen &1 deft orart a1. | oratis Free of charge freee 42, | Homo sapiens | Humon Beings sara ft 43. | impasse Deadlock 7 Wea ae won 44, | impromptu — | Without Preparation ar aerry tart 45. | in toto Entirely, in complete wee 46. | Ipso facto Because of the fact wea: 47. | Laissez-faire | Free from government control/ Bees TT interference 48. | Lingua franca | Common language spoken by people | art "mm 49, | Mala fide Faithlessly, treacherously fara a 50. | Modus operandil Metiuod of dealing wits work verd sre Si. | Nexus Bond, link, connection was 52. | Parole Prisoner's word of honour BREN, TATE 53. | Penchant Desire ra 54. | Per centum Per hundred via daa 55. | Person non gratal \ person act acccptable safer oar 56, | Prima facie | On the first vie veh ge #7 87, | Pro forma Done of exiating as usua! or required [oa af # agar em aut that has little importance er true | 4 Heras tH meaning English for generat competition, volume - 2§.Ne. | Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 58. | Protege 59. | Quantum sufficit 60. | RSVP. 61. | Rendezvous 62, | Sangfroid og, | Sine die 64, | Sine quo non 65. | status quo 66. | Sub judice 67, | S8uo moto 68. | Subpoena 69. | Tete-atete 70. | Tour de force 71. | ubique 72. |Ulten vires 73. | Vendetta 74, | verbatim 78. | Versus 76. | Via TT. | Vice versa 78. | Vis-a-vis 79. | Viva voce so. | vie ‘One who is patronised by others | onta7 A sufficient quantity “ato WA Ripljoif-you:plcese rare @ ort a at ot A meeting with someone that is | qafafraq aaa oft wre arranged fort particulan Ume and | Fev Place and that is often secret ‘The ability to stay calm in diffieull | are (afrsa wera 8 and crying condition For an indefinite period afifisa eet fare Indispersablk/ Something that it | aRari absolutely needed The current situation react Not yet judicially decided rari On its own motion ae a summon, =a a gE Private talk Te anfara A feat of strength or skill/ 2 Few ER a aT successful effort REE SETI Every where wa Beyond one’s authority afran # ea A aot Family feud ert wer Word for word Tem: Against frre By way of art ‘The order being reversed ee feet eT Opposite, facing SRR ar By oral testimony vite sien S Naiiely,, that ie to vay aut, English for general competition, volume ~ 2Theme Based Vocabularies FOOD HABITS - ANIMALS 8.No] Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi | |Herbivores | Animals that eat plants. wrerett 2 |Carnivores Animals that eat flesh. emer 3 |Omnivores |Animals that eat both plants and flesh ater 4 |Scavenger |Animals that eat dirt and decaying flesh tater 5 |Cannibal |Animals that eat their own species. aia at wart ar Ram ect aT 6 | Predator Animals that run and catch their prey. aceelt 7 |Decomposer |An:mals that convert complex substances aE into simpler forms. 8 |Symbotic |Means ‘living together. estat 3 fr They can be of following types~ Te & 2 ‘ |Parasitic [One is benefitted, other is harmed weit me Mutualistic }Both arc bencfitted. Tea * |Commensal |Gne is benefitted, other is not harmed. wr 9 |Graminivore]Animals that cat grasses. ae ar ae 1 |Frugivores [Animals that eat fruit, a ao ae 8.No.|Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. |Gourmand/ |One who eats too much, 2, ae Glutton 2, |Phagomaniac}One who has obsession for food/cating.| @4 # fat aya Tet are 3. |Sitophobic | One who is afraid of food/ eating. an aS oT 4. |Bpicure One who is fond o7 eating and drinking,| 4it 8. |Cannivzel that cats one's own species =a sh waft a ser et aT 34 |—\_—_____English for general competition, volume - 26. | Gourmet 7. | Dipsomaniac &, | Teetotaller 9, | Inveterate 10] Gastronomy ‘Specialist im food-making, ae eet at eet One who is addicted to alcoholic drinks Jama i wt One who is not addicted to anything. | fd fee ets @T a a ei Habitual {due to reguiar use) ard fe firt ta o o fet The art of cooking and eating fine food | Tea PERSONALITY TRAITS 8.No.| Words ‘Meaning in English ‘Meaning in Hindi 1. | Saboteu: 2. | Stingy 3. | Pedantic 4. | Distraught 5, | Incorrigihle 10, | Eminent 11, | Notorious 12, | Diffident 13. | Ambivalent 14, | Ambivert 15. | Extrovert 16. | Introvert 17. Benevolent 18. | Capricious 19, | Heretical 20, | Psychotic lone who damages things. One who tries to save money as far as lpossilile / parsimonious; miser. lOne who tries to sound more learned than jothers, One who is extremely worri }One who cannot be corrected / reformed. 6 | Stubborn —_|One-who is not flexible in behaviour, ladamant, 7. | Reverend |Oze who deserves respect/ venezable. 8. Unpredictable] Whose behaviour cannot be predicted. 9, | Hilarious — [Funny in behaviour. Known and respected. Known and disrespected, One who lacks confidence. Having mixed feelings. Neither too extrovert nor too introvert. One who shares his feelings with others. JOne who does not share his feelings with others. Kind {benign Unpredictable) eccentric |Unorthodox. |A person with mental disease in which he lfeels unreal things present around him. eae art Gar ae RT aged feat, Fest English for general competition, volume-2lat. 22, 23, 24. 12s. I26. 27, 28, 129, 30, 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36, 37, 38. 39 140. 41, 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. Misanthrope Misogynist Misoganist Flamboyant Fastidious Sadist Malevolent Altruist Contrite Cantantkerous Disdainful Effusive Garrulous Gullible tmpassive Haughty Impetuous Indolent Hntrepict Vindictive taciturn uns prupulous Sanguine Extravagant Modest inéustrious ‘Onc who hates mankind, One who hates women, One who hates marriage. One who shows off, Showy, Ostentatious, Pompous. Hard to please, finicky One who is happy inflicting pain on others, Showing ill-will for others. One who has regard: One who focls repentent for his misdeeds. Querulous, quarrelsome, belicose; belligent {Antonym-Paci‘ist) Scornful/ with feelings of dislike. Expressing excessive emotions. Talkative, loquacious. One who can be fooled easily, Credulous. motionless. Supereitions, vain, arrogant. Rash, impulsive. Lazy, slothful. Not afraid, danntless, bold Revengeful,unforgiving, One who keeps quiet, reticent, reserved, Immoral optimistic, hopeful, Wasteful, prodigal. Not showy. Hard working, diligent. r the welfare of others orn & 0 at feet 8 PT FA ‘fre yn ae Rar A AT ate age argt ten, deat ad oft are fret inet fr SY, ai arr ARTY i Fearar 3 at Rear English for general competition, volume - 2CULTURE-GROWING OF/REARING OF S.No| Words Meaning im English Meaning in Hindi 1, |Floriculture | Growing of lowers. et et ait 2, [Arboriculture] Growing of trees and shrubs. ga faa 3. [Viticulture | Growing of grapes. a at at 4. |Pisciculture | Rearing of fish. Feta 5. |Sericulture |Rearing ot silkworms, WH SRT 6, | Horticulture | Growing of fruit and vegetables. aOr-faar 7, |Apiculture [Rearing of bees. TR wert & {Aviculture [Rearing of birds. sat Te 9. |Aeroculture |Rearing of tortoise. aE ARTI 10. |Moriculture | Growing of mulberry trees. wee isa Li. |Mariculture |Rearing of marine animals. ast sts oer 12. | Olericulture | Growing of vegetables that spread on | Sfewal (aaT ae) _|ground, at ath ANIMAL TRAITS Words Meaning in English | Meaning in Hindi 1 Feline Cat like Revit & Fr 0, Canine Dog like at 3 Aquiline Eagle like wet er A Equine Horse like We S wa 5. | Bovine Cattle like ast aa 6, | Asinine Ass like wh So 7. | Corvine Crow like ta ST & | Serpentine Snake like ait war 9. | Hircine Goat like apt oar 10.) Leonine Lion like wh TAR i1.] Lupine Wolf like afea 3 Hr 12.} Murine Rodent like api, trast anf weet art arrat ST Piscine Fish like Tyee FBT Porcine Pig like ar 4 er Vulpine Fox like aimet Ta English for general competition, vofume - 2 ———_—__—_{s7WORDS RELATED TO LIFE & DEATH Words Meaning In English Meaning in Hind! 1. |Corpse Dead body of human being. an a 2. \Carcass Dead body of animals (bigger aminuals)| 42] 277 3. |Cemetery/ Where dead badies are buried. aha Graveyard 4, |Crematorium Where dead bodies are burnt. FTF 5. |Epitaph Inscriptions on a tomb. bianeasise 6. |Buthanasia Mercy killing. Fo 7. [Obituary A message in memory of the dead. ea 8. [Pyre Burning wood, on which adead body | faa is burnt. ‘9. [Posthumous After death. ster a aT, 10.}x-gratia Compensation after death. germ (yey # sai) 11 jResurrect Revive /resuscitate. arses ear 12.JDemise Death. ta 13.Jwait Homeless child. ree ea 14JPuaeral-cortege | Procession taking dead body for aa the last rite. 15,/To bite the big one|to die. HC ait) loz on the other side of the grave or| kick the bucker 16.|Mozbiel Unhealthy. ore 17.|Mortal That will die one day. ae 18. Mortality Related to death. ay ear 19,|[Bereave To moum vie rH 20.|Fatal Deuilly ares 21Annihilation Destruction. feat 22,|Catastrophe Disaster, Holocaust, Cataclysm. are 23,[Death Icnell The ringing of the bell in the church [at 4 yam 34 art symbolising death of someone. ad wt at 24,]Swan song Songs for the last moment or for the | snfati va # tit person retiring. 25.|Nihilist One who cestructs, RTE 26./Eternal Forever, everlasting. I 58 /}—————_—— English for generat competition, volume - 2Words Related to God [ Words Meaning in English 1. |Theist One who believes in the existence of God [arkaw 2. |Acheist One who does not believe in the existence fa of God. 3. [Agnostic One who is doubtful about the existence | start FE RE of Ged. ae aT 4. |Henotheist |The worship of one god without denying the existence of other gods. 5. |Deism The form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation 6. jIconaclast | A destroyer of image used in religious warship, one who criticizes sctlted beliefs, 7. |Idolatey The willingness to serve God. 8. |Monotheism | Belief in a single Ged. Polytheism | Belief in multiple Gods. 10, | Apostate A disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause, religion, pol or friends 11. {Blasphemous/|Grossly irreverent toward what is held Sacrilegious |to be sacred. 12.|Pagen. One who does not believe in any religion. ke 1 party eee oR are & ene FI Pe Sat ora i a qa fare 39, araame H favere Feti afters: Beaten Feri 1 fayare 3a are ATCT artim ver dea Prat ad Son 7 fear aa favors Fats wt ere 23 Te at Gertta wag a faery feat st fret sit ent fawera| Ea THAT CAN BE/ CANNOT BE Polygtot |__| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1, | Infammable ‘hat car catch fire easily reiba ert are 2. | Gullible/Credulous|One who can be fuvled easily ien-se7 3, | Turncoat lOne who can change his party ear, 4. | Indefatigable One who cannot get tired SaTe Tie, afta \One who can speak many languages | Je English for general competition, volume-2 sy€, [Linguist ‘Onc who can speak many forcign ae languages 7, |Translucent |Through which light can pass but ores partially 8. | Opaque Througs which light cannot pass oot 9, |Inevitable — |That cannot be avoided aarrard, ect 10.|Vulnerable |That can be harmed faa ger gant SHA et 11,|Insatiable That cannot be satisfied Stage 7 fen oa 12.] Inexonerable |That cannot be pardoned tame 9 fear wn we 13.][nimitable | That cannot be copied Poa ATHU BI THA 7 fen sr war 14.) Brittle That can break easily aE 15| Bilingual One who can speale two languages afer 16] Bternal That can live forever ara 17.|Fastidious | One who cannot be pleased easily =H 18,] Ilicit That cannot be accepted dy society aay 19.] Imperceptible]That cannot be perceived or felt ah sega aT fara on a 20.|Impregnable [That cannot be captured or conquered — | fat HEMT aT PAT TT ad 21.) Incorrigibie |One who cannot be corrected or reformed] sqrt 22.|Inedible ‘That cannot be eaten ere oar 23,|Malleable ‘That can be beaten into sheets fra es ead oe am 24,| Ductile That can be drawn into wires fae oH BT A ore mae 25,|Palatable | That can be pleasing to taste ater 26.| Potable That can be called fit to drink a aa, LOGY-STUDY Words ‘Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi | 1.| Agrostology | Study of grasses waa fart 2. | Agronoray Study of scientific farming pht-frart 3.| Anthropology | Study of development of man ays oni ar fears, Aer 60 English for general competition, volume - 2[Archaeology Demography Ethnology Etiology Genetics eI anf o Ichthyology 10.|Linguistics 11.|Meteorology 12. |Numismatics 13, |Paleontology 14, |Seismology 15. Theology 16. |Toxicology 17. Rhinology 18, |2ymology 19. |Gerontology 20. |Pathology 21./Oneology 22. |Lexicography 23. [Dermatology 24, |Neurology 25, |Chiropodist 26, |Eindocrinology 27. |Podiatrist Laryngology Orhodentist Nephrology 888 31, |Opthalmelogy 32, |Optician 33. |Paediatrist 34. |Orthopaedist ‘Excavation and study of early civilization Study of vital and social statistic data Study of origin of races Study of causes of diseases Study of heredity Study of fishes Study of languages Study of weather Study of coins Study of fossils Study of carthquakes Study of religion Study of toxic substances or poisons Study of nose diseases Study of enzymes Study of diseases related to ald age Study of diseases ‘Study of cancerous cells or tumours Art of compiling dictionary Study of skin Study of nervous system A specialist in care for the fect Study of hormones the branch ef medicine concerned with the feet study of throat a doctor of bone and teeth study of kidney study of eye and eye diseases one who checks eye sight one who specialises in diseases related to children one who specialises in diseases related to bones: Ta HT ee eel Wa wae wy BERT FF (kidney) + wor aa Wa Sam I eT] sia ot ae Fe art weil HT iat eefett m1 are English for general competition, volume -2 61( Phobia, Philia and Mania (Fear, Love & Obsession) | Words 13. 14. 15, 16. 17, 18, 19. 120. 21 122, 23. 24. 25. 126. 27. 28. 29, 30. 31 Ablutomania Accousticophobial Audiophilia Achluophobia Acrophobia Acrophobia Agovaphabia Androphobia Gynaccophobia anthrophohia Arithmophobia Anglophobia ‘Xenophobia Arachnophobia Bibliomania Cacophobia Carcineprobia Chromophobia Claustrophobia Demophobia Dipsomania Enchlophobia Gametophobia Camomania Haematophobia Helminthophobial Llippophobia Hydrophobia Kinesophobia Kleptomania Lalomania Meaning in English Obsession for washing end bathing Fear of noise. Love for loud sound. Fear of darkness, Kear of height, Fear of wind/air. Fear of open places or public places, Fear of men. Fear of women, Fear of flowers. Fear of mathematics. Fear of English or English related things. Fear of anything strange or foreign. Fear of spiders. Obsession for books. Fear of ugliness. Fear of cancer. fear of colour. Fear of closed or confined place. Fear of people. excessive obsession for drinks. Fear of crowd. Fear of marriage. Obcssion to marry again and again. Fear of blood. Fear of insects. Fear of horses. Fear of water. Fear of speed. Obession to steal, Obession to talk a lot ‘Meaning in Hindi way Ha fae ao TH OT Et ae asi wea wi a vit Gx towed at aa Saran aed tae 62 English for generat competition, volume-232, | Logophobia Fear of studies. 33. | Macromania Obession for huge things. ath dis a ote 34, | Megalomania Obsession for money, name and fame} ter, ay sit wie ai Se Ser 35, | Metrophobie Fear of motherhood Ae HB 36. | Microphobia Fear of microscopic things. qe cet 8 re 37. | Monophobia Fear of loneliness. aH TR 38. | Neophobia Fear of changes. afte a 39_| Noetiphobia Fear of night. Un wt TT 40.|Ophidiophobia | Fear of snakes ait dat 41, | Pathophobia Fear of diseases. anit 8 = 49. | Pedophobia Fear of child. waa a ae 43. | Peniophobia Fear of poverty or penury. ital a Be 44,|Pharmacophobia| Fear of medicincs. i 445. | Photophilia Love for light. 46. | Plutophilia Love for money 47,| Pyromania Obession to set things on fire. AT ed &] are 48. | Sitophobia fear of food. ‘STs a et 49. | Thermophobia, Fear of heat or hot places. wi aR 50. | Toxicophobia Fear of poison fas se 51, | Zoophobia Fear of animais, ara Words WORDS RELATED TO LITERATURE, SPEECH AND WORKs) Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. |Pedent One who displays his Inowledge 3R Ow aan FR i 2. |Parable Moral stories hee aT 3. [Fable Moral stories with animal characters. ine aq ford oraz] 4. [Anecdote A short, narrative stury of an incident] 5. [Plagiarism Literary theft. 6. |Calligraphy Art of good handwriting. qh we eT 7. {Cacography Bad handwriting/ Bad spellings at foraer sarge oe] 8. [Orthography Good spelling [Use of spellings as per | s7eit aH standard of that language]. English for general competition, volume -2 {63 |9, [Maiden epeech | First speech. paere 10. |Externpore Speech without preparation. fer tend) eT 11. |Rhetoric Effective speech that may not be honest|waawet wr, 3 sea] |ret wears S 0 et 12. |Harangue Loud speech usually in bad taste. segeeten AIT SI oT a] hace ort 13. |Oxymoron. ‘Two words with opposite meanings used | frat staf att together.Eg- deafening silence. fer farrent wai ae fares at 14, |Hyperbole exaggerated form of speech. saaeatae Eg; million dollar smile. 15, |Alliteration Commencement of adjacent words with |S the same letter Eg: lovely, lively lilies/ dancing daffodils. 16.| Pun Use of words with two or more meanings erp oft that makes the sentence humorous. 17./Onomatopocia | Words formed from the sounds that it [raft err produces. Eg: pop, boom, bang. fae ST 18. |Epithet ‘An adjective used to define a person or a/faerT place. Eg: Mr. Perfect used for Aamir Khan] 19, [Soliloquy ‘Speaking one’s thought aloud to oneself, srr, aR 20,|Cireumlocution | Round-about way of speaking, beating [8SI-fira at about the bush. [aot me are 21.|Simile When similarity is shown by using words) RArTm =eft ‘like’ or ‘as’, e.g.- He was like a lion in fAreh a4 the battle ficld. 22. [Metaphor When comparison is made but without [grrr =e using Tike’ or ‘as’. e.g. He was a lion in |aIe 7 the battle field, 23.|Personification | When characteristics of living things are |r shown in non-living things. Eg: Sun's fury, The sca roared and the waves screeched. 24.|Obituary Message for a dead published in jeite ieer newspaper ete. 28, |Verbose Full ofwords. barat 26. |Verbatim Exact repetition of the same words. ree: word for word. English for general competition, volume - 2 (}27, [verbiage Use of so many words that the real meaning | Sa1ev74 gets lost. aE va 28. [Etymology Formation of words from the root words. we Fair far 29, |Catechism The summary of the prin: veint in the form of questions and answers. 30, |Lexicography Compilation of dictionary. TEI TA mi fra 31. |Couplet two line pocms. 2 afae at wan 32. |Aymn Poem sung in praise of God. 4 33. |Ilegibte ‘That cannot be read scribbled, indccipherable.| #FT=, arate 34. |Legend Story the authenticity of which has not been | wat proved. 35. /Gift of the gab | Talent for speaking. area der wire 36.|Wordof mouth | Only in spoken form, not in written form. fect afer wre 37. |Lucid Very clear. re mapromptu Without preparation, extempore. fan tart F 39, |Anonymous Without the name of the writer, ar, arp 40, [In toto Completely, entirely. aaefer ‘A concluding speech at the end of a play sree ‘A speech at the starting of a play. aT ATE Scholurly, a person who has academic wit knowledge. 44,|Euphemism Bombastic style of writing. aa et areal seit 45, [piste Composition in the form of a letter. Ta 46. [Maxim Proverb, saying rere 47.|Platitude A stale remark that becomes dull due to rere act regular use. 48. |Decipher Dewude, to read and understand the meaning. | we, 37 FrearAT English for general competition, volume-2 65Hyphenated Phrases Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1, |About-face Complete change of dircction fen a pT nf 2. | Ad-lib Off-the-cuff, Imprampm, extempore, dent a feat without preparation. 3. |Avante-garde | One who developes new concepts, dw ao ae Pioneer, harbinger, vanguard 4, |Blue-chip Valuable, Excellent (Anto - cast off, aT Discarded), 5. |Bluc-stocking | Educated woman, fata =e ©. |Bric-a- brac | Small rere chings of artistic importance. | aestherh Hea ail ao, 7. |Cast-off Discard err 8. |Cut-de-sac Dead end. aaa fay 9. |Derring-do Daring, taking risk. aed 10] Free-for alt Disorganised fight without any rule aeaiem tse (Pa Fare a) 11] Go-for-broxe | Risk taking, putting all resources sifiss cr in one business. 12]Grass-root Coming from common mass ait especially rural 13] Hard-liner Unyielding, sticking to one's principles. aie, Beet 14] Half-mast Sad. ah 15] Hanger-on Dependent, fhe 16] Have-nots. impoverished (Haves- affuent or self sufficient class ) 17 |Helter-skelter| In haste and confusion. amy ra, TH DR, 18] Hurly-burly Noisy activity. aie svt orfafetic 20, Last ditch Last and desperate . snfad vel Freya 21|Pell-mell Fast and disorganized movement. fame face 22|Rank- and- fild Common people. ar am 23|Run-of-the- | Ordinary, not something diflerent. a mill 24|Self-effacing | Not making oneself noticeable. fra daa a ot [Bs} English for generat competition, volume-225} Silver-tongued 26|Tongue-in cheek} Humorous. 27,| Topsy-turvy 28 Tug-of war 20) Up-and-coming 30. Choek- a- block Upside down Extremely full Power-struggle hetween two parties, Likely to be successful in future. Eloquent, orator, one who has gift of gab) TT YZ, SETS Tee afar Hare a ast aSTEAT sree Be OFFSPRINGS No.| Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. |Singleton 2, (Twins 3. | Tripict 4. | Quadrupiet 5. | Quintuplet 6. |Sextuplet 7. | Septupiet 8. | Octuplet 9. |Nonuplet 10. |Decaplet 11, |Underaptet 12. | Duedecaplet 13. |Tridecaplet 14. | Quadridecaplet Quindecaplet One baby at a time Two babies at a time Three babies at a time Four babies at a time Five babies at a time Six babies at a time Seven babies at a time Eight babies at a time Nine babies at a time Ten babies at a time Eleven babies at a time ‘Twelve babies at a time Thirteen babies at a time Fourteen babies at a time Fifteen babies at a time Ca Tae we an dy frgadl at ete aR eat aT a SH eT ie geal ey oH aT ST TT Be: Ted er ys ara oH AT Fa wed ace a we aT ara coat Ue AN oe eT of aeal ar oe eT ay iT 2a eat Ue a oem CT TINS aad HG AY SY AT are seat oT Oe A oT SA fet real ae arg ay CHT ane agi ar a oe Ss Wee eat ar tr oer eT SAT HABITAT/ BIRTH WISE Wards Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1, | Oviparous 2. | Viviparous 3. | Marsupial 4, | Monotreme — ‘That lays eggs young ones and then keeps them in an external pouch their milk) the young oncs ‘That gives birth to young ones ‘That gives birth to premature ‘That lays eggs but suckle (feed wel eel oe Sg fry A are ont of oh stor 2a at ot fig a qu fe at English for general competition, volume - 2 —_—__—__—___—_{ 67]5. |Fauna Animals of a region ia aq (frit com 6, [Flora Vegetation of place reat (Pireh ean ) 7. |Terrestrial ‘Yhat can live on land only eit 8. |Aquatic ‘That can live in fresh water only | 307 9, |Marine ‘That can live in sea water only at 10 |Amphibian ‘That can live on land as well as wie aft thie in water Te et (GTR) 11, [Arhoreat ‘That can live on trees year Words Meaning in English Meaning in Hindi 1. | Capitalism |An economic system based on private — | Star ownership of capital. 2. | Socialism — | political theory advocating ware state ownership of industry and means of production, 3. | Monarchy [An autocracy governed by a Ta Monarch or king who usually inherits the authority, 4. | Despotisin |Dominance through threat ‘arareTEt of punishment and violence. 5, | Totalitarian |Complete Monarchy apt wera Regime 6. | Gynecocracy |Ruled by a woman. feet are ane 7. | Kakistocracy|Ruled by bad people Seti ge a 8. | Neocracey [Ruled by inexperienced people sqaen eint @ srr a 9, |‘Theocracy A political unit governed by a stra religious leader, 10.) Anarchy Absence of government/state of SRST Jawlcssness 11, Diarchy Government by two joint rules yar 12,| Liberalism | political orientation that SITE, favours social progress by reform land by changing laws rather than by revolution, 13.| Federalism |The idea of a Federal organisation aaa uf aure or less self-governing units. English for general competition, volume -2ca 15, 16. VW. 18 19. ay 22. Fascism Aristucracy Autecracy Bureaucracy Gerontocracy| Oligarchy Plutocracy Polyarchy Meritocracy ‘A political theory advocating jan authoritarian hierarchical government. JA privileged class holding hereditary titles. 4 political system governed by a single individual. Ruled by government officials JA political system governed by old people. A political system governed by few people or a small group A political system governed by wealthy people A political system governed by niany people. A political system govemed by superior intellects. Fea TE streamf a2 ahi aa aR vlog Sam A aes #8 ani S ar wet vee cin Bera wetSentence Improvement CHAPTER | Sentence Improvement comprises different types of questions which are mainly based on Grammar, Vocabularies ane the best way of presenting a sevtence. Let us see th different types under which scntence n be categorised. ‘Type-1: Grammar Based - Generally we do not have to prepare this type of questions separately. This type of questions gets ready alone with detecting errors without taleng any extra pains. The only difference is that in detecting error, we marie that part which is not correct and in sentence improvement, we have to mark the correct option out of the giver. alternatives that will replace the incorrect underlined part of the sentence. If there is no error, we choose the option ‘Ne improvement’. Example mare funnier than Natasha. (3) funniest (Dj No Improvement going to be 1 Nishe (A) funnier (C) guite funny 2, Bither Vijay or Vimal a1 selected for the watch (A) has (8) is (C) have been (Dj No improvement 3. My uncle presented me the mo: expensive watch, (A) nvach (B) more {G} most (O} No improvement ‘The two brathers shared the property beside themselves (4) among, (B) between (C) amidst (Di No improvement The office staff members wished each other on New Year's Day. ( (B] one another (C) each ancther (Dj Na improvement other 70 10, WL 12, 13, 14, His speech way yrvade: radio last Thursday (A) was broadcast (B) had been broadcast (@) has been broaccast (D) No improvement Roth “he - Ja ad the newly weds with garlands of flowers weleo (A) mothers-in-laws (B) mother-in-law (C) mothers-in-law (B} No improvement Did there bus come on time? (a) thei (B) theirs (C) their (D) No improvement Mayank was working overtime for the last two weeks. (a) is working — (B) is being working (c) has been working (D) No impromert Most children are liking ice-cream, (a) likes (B) like (©) were liking (D) No improvement Supposing if he comes, what should | do? (a) if he comes (B) in case he will come (C) in the event of his being « (D) No improvernent Children like tw eat sweets, isn (A) do they? (B) is it? {C) don’t they? (D] No improvernent. He was so afraid that his kuzes knocked one _anather. (A) one against (B) each other {€) both (D) No improvement She had read Oliver Twist when she had been fourteen yrars old, (A) had became (B) has become (C) was (D) No imaprovement English for general competition, volume-218 19. 22. 24. 25. AU) the cenntidates will give a test on Friday. (A) appear (B) take (C) accept (D) No improvement. When ure you starting te write to your friend’? (A) wanting (8) going (Ch thinking (Bb) No improvement ILL was you 1 would net sign the document (A) UT have been you(8) Ut were you (CVU Thad been you (D} No improvement | prefer to ride than wo wali, {Al ride to walle (B} riding than walking {C] riding to walking {D} No improvement ‘They were astonished tarough his failure in the examination : {Al from (5) ae fC} with (D) No improvement He rerumed the book after he reac tt (Al was read ——_(B) reading Cihad read ——_(D) No improvement Ashe was a braveheart, Rakesh dec:ded to join the army. IA) though he was a braveheart [B) although he was a bravehear: IC) while he was a braveheart ID) No improvement She hurt her back while ske worked yosterday. [Al Worked out (B) had worked {C) was working (D) No improvement My friend lamented that though a complete report was sent to the department a month ago ac action is deing taken so far, (A) no action has been taker (8) ao action was taken. {Cj x0 ection had taken. (D) No improvement. Kari left the house before there. (A) will leave (C) leaves (D) No improvement The company is nat doing wel. Isn't it ime you sell off your shares in it? Shyarn go, (B) had fen 27. 28. 29, 30. aL. 34. 35. 36. English for general competition, volume - 2 (A) sold (B) selling. (C) give {D) No improvement Although Pandas eat laiboo almont exclusively, they are also carnivorous (a) until (B) as soon as (C) act only (D) Nov improvement Ve was weary of fellure, Didn't he ? (A) Isn't he 2 (B) Wasn't ke {C} Doesn't he ? (D] No improvement What you have been doing since he workshop last month > (A) have you dore {(B) you have done (C} have you been doing (D) No improvement No sooner had rhe teacher entered the room: and the Days rushed to their seals (a) when {8} than (c) bot ID| Ne improveren: We have alreaily disposed our old house {8) disposed of {Bi disposed out (C) disposed of 12) No improvement We can buy anyching sn this shop, Can. we? (A) dante it? Bl Can't we? (C] Don't we? |B) No improv 11 had followed your advice, | wor noi regret today (8) will no: regret (B) had not regrested (Ch would nor have cegretied (©) No improvernent Somebody must be made to answer for the security. scam. (ap to (8) after (C) upon {D} No improvement Corruption is Le am: in India, (A) the more serious (B} the seriouser (Gj serious (2) No improve: They reached at Calcutta on Mu last (A) reached to Ca‘eutia {B] reeched on Calcutta IC} reached Caleta Ib) No improvement T did not saw my cousin in Madras: (A not seer (B) did not sve {G) did nat seen (D] No improvement 7]38, 39, 40, 4 42. 43, Mw 46, He behaves like eo (A) cowardly (8) ir. e cowarely manner (C) as if he was a coward (0) No improvement Neither of them went to the cinema. (A) herh of them did not go (B) both did not: go (C) neither weat (D) No improvement Lused to have very thick hair. (Aj use to have —(B) used to having (C} used to hud (D} No improvernent She usually ducs not leave for work until she finished all her chores (4) finishes (B) has finished (C) had Finished (0) No improversent Thearticle should not exceed more than hundred words, (A) exceed beyond (B) exceed than (C) exceed (D) No improvement ‘He may be poor now but he appears_to berich, (A) seem rich {B) rich to be {C) to have been rich (} No improvement The onily way lo solve the racial prodlem 5s by education, (A) beceuse of (8) thanks to {C} on account of (D) No improvement Did you finish tho wark ye. ? (A) Had you finished. (#) Haven’ you Em:shed {C) Would you finish [D) No improvement VU tell pou as suon, as Ll know, {A} 1 would know (B) I can mow {0} T know (0) No improvernent How are you going to have your car painted? | am gong to ave it red painted Al paint it red (B) have it painted ved 10) paint (D] No improvement 48. 49, 52. 58, The job wasn't interesting, but an the contrary it was well-paid. (a) on the who: (Bj on the other side (C) on the other hand {D] No improvernent Tae postman comes twice a day, don't he? (A) doesn't he (8) does he (€) do he (D) No improvernent We mot a lot of people at ott holidays: (a) on 4B) in (c) during {D] No improvement People wham are outdoors for long periods of time necd to protect (hemelves to avoid the harmful effects af too much sunlight (A) who (B) how {C) whose (D] No improvement The departnent tay been running this programme for the past two years (A) from the past wo years (8) since the pas: two ycars (C) the last twe years (0) No improvement She paid close allention to the man siting besides her A) beside to (beside C) beside of} (D) No impreverient I shall see him only if he agreed ty bear she cost. Al agrees (C) hact agreed [can acvept anvthing the thing ahe= than ny other thing than (Cl caything more than (B) Ne improvement One must obey_bis parents (A) his own parent (B parents {C! one's parents. (D) No improvement Ne sooner had she heard the news when she fisted (A) that she fisinted (8) than she fainted (C) and she fainted {0} Xo improvement (Bh might agree (DJ No impravensent dishonesty, English for general competition, volume—2BT. 59. 60, 61 82, 63, 67. At the very moment they were showing signs of growing nervousness, :sn'cit 7 (A) wasn't it (B) weren't it (C) weren't they (D) No improvercent One hour in the week wa sot aside by him for the “eception of whoms chose to visit him. (A) whomever (B) whosoever (C) who (D) No improvement Rabul hus lived in Delhi for three pears when his parents came there, (A) Was living (B) has been living (C) had been living (D) No improvement He said that he saw him last year, to discuss the documents (A) met (B) had seen (C) seen (D) No improvement Kalidasa is the Shakespesre of India (A) Shakespeare (B) a Shakespeare (C) like Shakespeare {D) No improvement He is addicted to aleobcl and exerts a bad influence for his family. la) on B)in (G} abou (D) No improvemens ‘Them shoes are mire. (a) Those (B) That (C) Their §D) Xo improvement No sooner had she realiged her blunder than she began to take Corrective measures. (8) dhen she began ta tale (B) than she bogan taking (C} when she began to take {D) No improvement Twill be with you in one quarter of an hour, (8) a quarter of oce hour {B) a quarter cf an hour (C) aguarter of hour (D) No improvement He ordered me open the window. (a) assed (B) bode (C} requested — (h) No impravement Do vou know to prepare the Balance Sheet? 1A) Do you know to balance [B| Do you know to make IC} Do you know how to prepare 1D) No improvement 7 73. ra. 75. %. 77. 78. Neither plenty nor animals, can survive without oxygen (Aj Plants can neither (B) Neither can plants (C} Plante, neither (D} No improvement he light went cut while 1 sead IA] was reading (H) am reading (cj Fad read (D} No improvement sid me about her holiday in Kerala. about — (B} said about (C] had read (D) No improvement Why do you prefer the theatre the the cinema? (A) for [ci to He is the only man I crow, laugh a: himsett. tj whose (8) whom, IG) which (D) No improvement He wont hear you provided you shout (A) unicss (B) in case {C) as long us [D) No improvement ‘The ship 18 al the anchor and the sail- ors are now al case, (A)atanchar — (B) atan anchor (C] at its anchor (D) No improvement The music show already began when we arrived in the hall. (A) had already begun (B) had already began (C) would begin (D} Ko imp-ovement My group of tenth-graders are wel: haved, (A) is so well behaved (B) are so well behaved (©) is well bebeved (D) No improvement My admonishiny to him will not change his mind (8) admonishing at him (8) admonishing him {C) adimonishing for him (0) No improvement Surbhi's facher did not want her to bave spent all her money at the fair. (a) to he spending (B) te have boon apending (C) to spend © (D) No improvement (B) against (D} No improvement ho can English for general competition, volume- 2 —————___——_—_{7379, 80. 8 82. 86, 87, 88, Basmati rice is more superior than most other varieties of rice (8) superior than (B) more superior to (C) superior to. (D) No improvernent Those were the days when we would all go out together. (A) will all go out (B) will be going out (C} would have been going {D) No improvement Beside being a poet, he is alse a fax mous singer (A) Besides being [B) Besides becoming {(C) Beside becoming {D] No imprevement A large number of people have fallen wietim to dengue fever. (Aj of (B) from {C) with (D) No improvement ‘The stranger asked the little girl what her name. (A) what her name is (B) what her name was (C) what was her name (D) No improvement She scoffed on the idea of revolution. {A) for (B) ae {Cl abuut (D) No improvement The Minis:er denied reports that prices will rose after the Imdget, iA) would rise after (By wil. now rise IC] is Tsing up ID} No correction required His life is on example of how the human flourish even in harsh cond:tions (8) what the human wil car (B) how the bniman can and will (©) when the human vail can (D) No correction tequized Enlightenment were @ state of relaxed (a) had ©) is I complimented him for his the examination (A) about (Chat (B) has 1D) No improvement cess in {B) uns 1D] No improvement 89, 91. «2. 94, 96, oF 98, 99. He should rot had ignered his friend. 1A) should noi have {B] should have not {C] should not has (D} No improvemen: It was quite clear that the runner cou'd be ale to improve upon his own record. (A) will be able (B) should be able {€} would be able (D) No improvement ‘This work of art is worthy 19 praise. (A) for (B) of (©) about (D) No improvement Rakesh didn't knew my address. (A) didn't known (8) didn’t have (Ch didn’: know (1D) No improvement Mary wold act go to the market unless Tgp with ber. (Aj shall go ‘B| went (C)would go {D) No impiovernenit Flowers embellishment the beauty of our susroundings. (8) replenish (Bj enhance (C} destroys {| Ne improvement ‘The chempest electronic good ait n.astu- factured in China. (A) evectronical good (C) electronic goods (D) No improvement Thave been living in Delhi from 1989, (A) ever since (B) since (C) in [D| No improvement The student who will score the max: mum marks, will be awarded a certifi cate. (A) who scores tae maximum marks (8) who would score the maximum marks (C} who would be scoring the maximum mks (D) So improvement She congratulated him on his success in the examination. (4) about (B) for (D) a (D) No improverrent The team has been prectising from the past two months, (A) since the past (B} for the past (C) for past (D) No improvement {Bl electrical good English for general competition, volume -2100. 101 102 194, 108. 106, 108, 109. 110. English for general competition, volume -2 Her brother may have aged when si lest saw him. (A) since she last saw him (B) from when. she last saw him (C) before she last saw him {D) No improvement She is really looking forward to inter- act wita the poel. (A) looking forward for interacting (8) looking forward to interacting (C) looking forward towards interacting (D) No improvement Prank stood beside to Harty. (A) beside (8) besides (C) besides to (D) No improvernent ICL will gn there, T shall bay the book. (A) T went B) I shell go (CT xu (0) No improverrent iL tock her a Jong time to get past her failare in the medical examination. (Aj througk: 8) over (Clby {D] No impravernen: When we came out of the restaurant it was half past eleven, (A) When we had come out of zhe estaurant (B) Alter we came out of the restaurant (C) When we have come out of the restaurant (D) No improvernent Idid not agree with him; he appeared to he sa bigoted for me to concur (a) much (B) very {C} too (Dj No improvement As soon as she noticed the workmen, she asked them what they have been doing (a) bave done (B) had been dong (C)are doing (Dj No improvement I worked in this office sinee 2005. (A) have worked (B) have been working (C) am working (Di Na improvement ‘Thet was not quite all what I did during the holidays. (A) that {w) which (C) how {Di No improvemenc Since he had studied very hard, had little hope of passing his examination (A) Despite (C) However Rames [B) Although IDI No improvement i, 112. 113 ne 116 138, 119. He wants te buy @ new shirt as he has no money (A) since (C) because * (By but (Bj No improvement His house has no furnitares vet (A) aave no furniture yet (B) had no furnitare: yet {C) has no furniture yet (0) No improvement it re in the hospital, would you visit me? (A) will you visit me? (B) are you visiting me? (C) you will visit me? (D) No improvement He chrowed it out of the window, (a) threw (B) throw (C) Gurowe {D} No improvement Its obvious that they are cheat, isn't 1? (A) are they? (C) is it? He is noc only knawn fe also for his learning, (A) nat only known for his learning (B) only known for his wealth {C) known not oaly for his weal (D} No improvement My friend lives in a nearty street whose name I have forgotten (#) the name of which| (B) which name {C) of which name| (P) No improvement We generally select one of the most intelligent siudent af the school for (B) aren't [D} No improvernent his wealth but this award, (a) one of the most intelligent siudents of the school (B) onc of the inte‘ligent most students of the school (C] onc cf the intelligent meat student of the schoo. (D] No improvement He both won a medal and a scholarship. (A) He won a medal and s scholarship both. (8) Both he won a meds! and a scholarship. 75.{C) He won both a medal and scholershit {D] No improvement 120. No sooner had the dividend been declared, the notices were Sent out. ‘Al The company had herdly declared the dividend till the notices were sent for mailing. B) They tad no sooner declared the dividend then the notices were sent our (C) Hardly had the dividend been declared when the notices were sent out, (B) No improvement 121. We had a grand party and we enjoyed very much, [A) We Aad a grand party and enjoyed very much, |B) We had a grand party to enjoy very much. (C) We had a grand part enjoyed ourselves very much. [D) No improvement Every morning! get up at 4 O'clock, but today | get up at 7 O'clock. fA) getup (8) was getting up (C} am getting ue(D) No improvement Type: 2: Based on Vocabularies — Normally when a student memorizes vocabularies, he is under an impression that questions based on vocabularies come only in synonyms and antonyms. Questions based on vocabularies come in sentence improvement too where the student is tested not only for his knowledge of the meaning of the given words but also how they should be used in the given sentence. The student is expected to be capable enough to choose the most appropriate word from the given options and improve the language of the sentence. Apart from this some questions are also based on One Word Substitution. and we 122, [6] 8, The relatives camforted the old man whose wife had died. (A) sympathized with (B) pitied (C) consoled {D) No improvement They obteined the top-secret information by wrong means (a) clever {B) frendulen= (€) bad {D| No improvement He wor disedvantaes of the situation and chested many peop. (a) chance (B) advantage (C} disapproval {D! No improvement. The increasing sule of luxuries is an index of the country’s prosperity. (A) appendix (8) ponter (C} mack {P! No improvemen: He kept us all in suspension regarding his future plans. (a) suspending (8) suspense (C) suspicion (D)_No improvemen During the recent floods, we waded Larough waist-deep water for almost half a kilomete: {A) shuffled through (Bi walked aver (C) skipped through (D) No improvement In Gujarat, communal viclence and rioting ignited up twice in the lale seventies and early cightics. (a) flared (3) burned (€) tole (D) No improvement The underlining assumption is that the amount of money available is limited (8) undermining (B) underlying {C) underwhelming {D} No improvement Hoe in one who givep money or helps others who hes been insramental in the upliftment of many. poverty stricken people. [A] a philosopher (B) @ philatelist (C) 4 philanthropist (D} No improvement English for general competition, volume - 210, u 13, 16. 18, 19. When those whom he had injuree accused him of being a charlatan he reloried curtly that he had never been a quack, (Al libertine (B) sycophan= (C} plagarist (0) No improvement You must remind me ta pos: the letters [A] remember me (B) have serie an {C} have remembered me {D) No improvement Suddenly a pigeon [altered out of the ubble, j thuttered, (us) flustered IC) frittered (D) No improvernent Ido not like these kind of novels. IA) this kind (B) those Jena [} ths ends (D) No improvement Unity in diversity is the most anticeable swality of Indi IAl popular (B) rewiaskable [C) “amous, (D) nto improvement Sordid and seasatinal books tend to wilaie the public taste. IAI divide (8) distract {C) distort (D} No imprevemat Hs Master's thesis was highly estimated and is now being prepared for publication. IA) was Fghly discussed {) was highly commended (C) is highly appraised {D) No improvernnt ‘The false appearance 6f the building erecced for the functinn was blown away am the sterm, (A) Exterior (C] Skeleton (D) No improvement She haa decided to canvas for the Conservative Party. (A) acvertise — (B) canvass (Cj canvassing (D) No improvertent ‘The policeman captured the first car that approached end ordered the driver to take the Injured child to Uae hospital. (a) caught (8) commandeered (C) interrupted (D) No improvercent They obecixd to the plan on the grounds that it was too expensive (B) Facade (a) refused (B] dectined (C) disagreed —_(D} No improvement 2). The people criticized the terrorist attack. (| condoned —{B) conderared (C) conceded {D) No improvement 22, The judge asked the lawyer te be com- sisient wit proof in the case. (A) corroboration 1B) testimory (C) evidence [DB] No improvernent Tgiew up in a tiay rown called Alwar. (A) a rsimute town (8) & humungous “own {C) & small tov ID) No improvement 24, ‘The boy wanted to ask his father for money, but waited fora prop'lious 9c casion, (A) protective {B) prophetic (C} prespestive |b} No improvement 25. The host offered me tea but I denied it. 23, (A) said no {By rejected (C) refused [D) No improvement 26, How can anyene sympathize with you when what you say is herdiy gell:ble? (A) credible {B) incredible (C) credulous —_(D) No improvement 27. Poisonous waste from the industrial plants. hazerdous tw the environment (A} toxic (B) troublesome (O) effuent (D) No improvemrnt 28. Owing lo (he close affinity of the arehitect and the builder, the project was completed ahead of schedule, (A) eemination (8) cooperaian {C} collaboration (B} No improvement 29, The servant was disturbed as her son wes row out of sight due ta bad company. {A} ou! of bounds (B) out of control (C} out of reach (D) No iraprevement 30. The Japanese are hardly workirg {A} @ hard working people (#) a hardly working people (Cj hurd working people (Dj No improvement ‘Type 3: Based on the use of the best verb/ word in the given action/sentence - This type of questions is easier for students who develop reading habits. Due to regular reading habit, they choose the English for general competition, volume- 2 ————| 7most appropriate word conveniently. For eg: In the sentence 'I did a mistake’ , they cun eusily locate the mistake and will point out that ‘made’ will come in the place of ‘did’ as we normally say, "I made a mistake". In the same way, ‘All of a at ‘once’ is wrong as they, time and again, while reading have come across ‘ail of a sudden’. Here, I feel, that it is mandatory to mention that reading is a fruitful habit. We imbibe the meaning and usage of many words automatically if we make reading a = 1. Keats save the idea very well in his pecms, ‘A) speaks (B) deserives C) expresses (L) No amprovement ‘The enemy soldiers went back hastily. ‘Av remened —— (B) "ecreated (Cl retrenehed — [D) No improvement 3. | will be giving bleod in the hospital at 9,00 a.m, tomorow, (A) exchanging — ‘B) contributing (Cj donating ——_{D) No improvement 4. The suspected couple was zaken away trom the airport through @ side en trance Wo the police slotign for interrogation, IA) whisked (5) rushed IC; guided ID) No improvernen: 5. The trar sport workers have organised a strike asking for riore salary. (A) demanding ib) begging (C} requesting —(D} No improvement ©. It was mere alfecuon that stopped tum from beating his son: (A) great (8) much (C) fu (D)_No improvement 7. ‘The British superiority all over Africa and Asia collapsed in the first half of the twentieth century. (A) domicile (By resi¢ence {C) cominion _[D) No improvement 8 Since sctting up, the elub has produced so many players. (A) since i:s mception (3) since have been set up (C) Being ser up (D) No smprovemont 9 10, 1 12, 16, 18, 20. 21. T hope Tam going to get fever soon, (a) fear (B) feel afraid (C} doubt if (D) No improvement When. we came out of the cinema, it was falling with rain. (A) pouring (B) deccending (C) dropping (D) No improvement Serious charges of corruption were levied against him. (ay pat (B) levelled (C} made (D) No improvement A lot of bloodshed could have been saved, had the administration taken timely action (Al protected — {R) preveated (C} eschewed —{D) no imarovement The professor has agreed to take remediable classes for Lae weaker studeats (A) redressal (ft) remedial [C} practice (D} some My foot ts paining. LAI aching (8) ailing (C) hurting {D) No improvement She gave mos: of her ime to dunce lal lene (B) spent iCidavored ID) No improvement Wor at the request of your conscience. {a} behest 1B) desires Ie) orders (3) No improvement Reju requesied me to his birthday party omorrow, {Al indulged (8) invited (C) mspired ——_(D) No improvement The Prime Minister mission te lock after the plight of 1 widows. IA) formed (B) created (C} set up (D) Ne improvement The monkey was seared.at tae fo: of a ree. (A) horton (B} end (C} root [D] No improvement He ceciced to zeveal the co-ruption in his department to the media, (a) show 1B) disclose (C] expose {D) No improvement My friend won me at tennis (A) succeeded re (BL ou.ran me (C) bear me (D} No improvement 73 |———___—_—___Engtish for general competition, volume -2‘Type- 4: Based on best way of expressing an action - Many times, we are able to convey what we mean but the listener finds it difficult to interpret the meaning of the sentence and then with the help of his common sense, he tries to reason it ‘out. In every language, it is essential that the speaker adopts the most lucid way of expressing his thoughts, ideas and opinions. For eg-In the sentence, ‘I gave the dog biscuit" the meaning is clear but the sentence will be more lucld and well expressed if we say, ‘I gave biscuits to the dog". Examples 1, ‘The courtiers used to tell the King how efficient an udminislsator he was all day long, (a) The courtiers all dey long used to teil the King how efficient an administrator he was. (B) The courticrs used all day Leng to tell the King haw efficient an adminisirator he was. (C) ‘The courtiers used to tell the King all day long how efficient an administrator he was. (D} No imprave:ncnt 2. By way te introduce, he made sume pertinent remarks. (A) of incroduction(B) of intrnducing {C) to introducing(D) No improvement 3. Sleeping, resting enc are the best ways to care far a cold, (A) and chat drinking fluids (B) and drinking Quids (C) which drank fuide (D) No improvement 4, By studying AIDS has engaged many researchers in shy last decade, (A) Important suc (5) Now that the study {C} The study o? (D) No improvement 5. A good scholar must be precise and possess originulicy, IA| mus! be precise and orginal {B) must be possess precision and original English for generat competition, volume ~2 (c) must be precision and possess originality (D) No imprevement Can any spiritually dead man be so as to have ro leve for his native country? J) Can any man be go spinvnal'y dead as to have a0 lave for his native country ? (By) Can any native man be so dead as te have no love for his spiritual epuntiy 2 (C) Can any dead man be so as to have ual love for ais native (D) No improvement Whenever | doubt about the meuning af a word, | look up my dictionazy. (A) whenever T have a doubt (B) Whenever Tamm in doubt {C) Tae moment | doubt (D} No improvement Tin Slack and white must have your terms dows (A) Imust have in blackand white your terms down (8) Imust have yourrerms in black and white down! {C) | must have your terms down in black and white. (2) No improvement We have been credibly informed that the murderer aes given himself up. (A) We have been informed that the murderer has credibly given himself up. (B) We have been informed thet the murderer las given credibly himeelf up. (C) We have been informed that ered:bly the murderer has given up himself. (Di No improvement The man whom 1 thougkt wes thoroughly honest proved to be @ swindler, (A) The man whom | thought was thoroughly honest proved a swindler, i](B) The man who 1 chought was thoroughly Eonest proved to be a swindler. (C) The man to whom | thought wes thoroughly honest proved to be a swindler, (D) No improvement IL. Riding upon his horse, the tiger jamped at him (A) Riding upon the tiger, the horse jumped at him, (R) The tiger jumped al him while he was riding upan his horse. (C) The tiger rode at him while he was jumping upon his horse, (D) No improvement 12, What do you for go to schoo. # (A) For what do you go to school? (B) What do you go for to school? (C) What do you go to school tor? (D) No improvement 1a. He pleased the dircetors and this completed his report in good time, (A) He pleased the directors In good time and this completed his report, (R) He completed his report in good Ume and this pleased the directors. (C) He pleased the directors and completed his report end this in gocd time. (D} No improvement ‘Type- 3: Based on good manners: Many times the given sentence is correct in all aspects whether it is the grammar of the sentence or the vocabularies used but good manners and etiquettes forbid us to use such sentences, 231 and 123 rules of Fronoun are also based on good manners. ‘here is a saying ‘The donkey comes the last’. It means ‘I’ comes last. 123 Rule says that first the 2nd person, theu the third person and then the Ist person must come in a sentence (See Pronoun in Volume-1) 1. He asked me if I had a disease, was unveell 1 iy wawell j have & disease ) No improvernen: Type.6: Baced on Synonyme - Many times the underlined word of the question has its synonym given in one of the options. We must keep in mind that synonym has not been asked and if the given option does not improve the sentence in any way, we must choose no improvement as our answer. L. She deft the room feeling contrit A\ sorry for what she had done | rather ill IC) extremely irricaced {D) No improvement To alleviate the pain of losing his enly son, he tcok up meditation, {Al Jessen (B) minimalise | lesson (D) No imp-ovement Type 7: Certain common sentences of day- to-day use comprise ‘phrases’ and ‘sayings’. Hence sentences based on Phrasal Verbs, Idloms and Phrases art also asked in sentence improvement. looked run down (B) Relaxed (D] No improvement N ) Exhausted 2. he did agt hand in her homework efter hangever — (B) hand out IC) handed (0) No improvement 3. Two chidren were knocked down by a speeding truck IA) turnéd down (B) sulled down IC) brought down (D) No improvement English for general competition, volume-24, Geeta said thar ske had never viewed across # bool she liked se much, (A) come across (B} come through (C) come round () No improvemen: 5. The opposition members in the legislotive assembly have decided to oppose any bill put forward by the rating par (4) keep in (@) render (C) oer (D] No improvement 6. There will be black murder when she bears this (a) red (8) blue (C) pink (D! No imorovernent 7. Wyou put your heart Jo it, you will be 3 vilaner, (A) ar it (B) into it (Coit (D1 No improvement Owing to emergency conditions, the army was asked to sland up. (A) stance out‘ (B) stand in (G) stané by —_{D) No improvement ‘Type- 8: We are generally confused in the meaning of certain words and hence miause them. Questions based on such words too are asked in sentence 1. When the police pecned through the window , « baby was scen playing on the ground. (A) Foor (8) grounds (Cl surface (D) No improvement 2 The chief gaest was invited on stage and amidst a round of applause he stoad. {Al stood up {B) got off (Cistend ap {D} No improvement 3. John, wear your jacket as it is getting very cold. tAl geton. (8) put on {C} take on. (D) No improvement 4 The strong oreeze blew his hat away, {Al The strong air (D) The strong breath (C) The strong wind {D) Ne improvement English for general competition, volume-2 ‘Type- 9: Certain sentences are cotrect as far as the meaning of the sentence, vocabularies used and the grammar are concerned but these scntences are incomplete legally or otherwise. To have a clear meaning of the sentence, we need to use clear and unambiguous language. 14a) 2B] 3.40) 448) SB) ba} 7AM) 81) ‘The judge passed an order that the convict must be hanged to death, () hanged Ui death (5) hung till death {C) hanged into death (D) Nu ituprovement ‘Two comparative degrees never comes together Change ‘more funnier’ into funnier’ Moreover ‘than’ 's preceded by 2 comparative degree. So all ather options hee earnst be considered. If two subjects arc juinec by either....or, the verb ‘wil agree with the nearest subject. Change ‘are’ into ‘is Article ‘the ¢ames before superlative degree of adjectives and hot with ‘compurative degree! Change ‘more’ into ‘most’ ‘Between! is used for two'. Change ‘beside’ into ‘between’ Each other - deno:es mutual ielationship between twe people or thing, One anather - denotes mutual relationship among more than two agjs oF Dersons Change ‘each other’ into enother’ ‘Broadcast’ as # vera remains the same in 2nd and 3rd form, Change ‘was broadcasted into ‘was broudeast! Changs 'mother-in-laws' into muthers-in-law Possesive adjeclive ‘their’ must be used here as il is followed by a noun "bus'. ‘Theirs’ is ineppropriate as ‘theirs! is a pronoun and it cannot be followed by a noun ‘bas’. Change ‘there’ ‘nto ‘their’,9c) 10.{81 1L(AN 12{C) 13.3 15.8) 165.1B} 17.16) 1B.(Cr 82 'Ror'/'since' + ‘time’ in used in "Rerfect' and ‘Perfect Continuous Tense’. Change ‘was working’ into ‘has been working’ Simple Present Tense is used for present routine action. Change ‘are Liking’ into ‘like' Moreover ‘like is generally not usod in ‘ing’ form, 'Suppose' and ‘if never come together as this will make the sentence superfluous, Supe:fluous means ‘more than what is necessary’ Change ‘Suppasing if he comes’ into If he comes’ The ‘sentence’ and the ‘cuestion tag! must be in tac same tense. Change ‘isn't it into ‘don't’ they Each other’ denotes “mu-ual relationship between two persons) things Ore another! denotes ‘mu:ual relationship among mort than lwo persons or things! Change ‘one another’ into ‘each other’. If ‘past tims’ is given in a sentence, the sentence is in ‘Simple Past Tense! Change ‘had been’ into ‘was’. Here both the ‘state’ and ‘action’ are of the same tense. Hence both will be in simple past tense. chers give @ test. Students take test. Change ‘give’ into ‘take’, (See Rule 16' of ‘Verb Adv: Wolume 1.) Change ‘starting’ into ‘going’. Was’ is not used with any subject if the sentence is imaginary. Change ‘If 1 was you" into If] were you’ Prefer is followed by ‘to’ not ‘than’. Moreover ‘prefer’ is followed by a gerund’ and not ‘infinitive. (See pattern 10 of Verb Advance’ of (Volume 1') 19.48) 20.(C) 21.(D) 22.4C) 28.44) 24.2) 25.18) 26.1D} 27.0) 28.{C) Change 'to ride than to walk’ into ‘riding, to walking’. "Astonishod’ io preposition ‘at’ Change ‘through’ into ‘at’ If ‘two sentences’ are joined by ‘after’, the 1 action is im Past Perfect Tense and the 2" action is in Simple Past Tense followed by 2nd action Ist action Bimplepaat * 8 t pase perfoce Change ‘read’ into had read ‘The 2nd action is the outcome of the state of being (to be a bravelicart) Hence ‘as! is af appropriate option here, Change ‘worked” inn ‘was working’ ‘While’ shows that the 2nd action was going on when the Lst acton took place. "Yet and ‘so far' mean ‘upto the time when the sentence was spoken’ and wie yeneially used in Present Perfect Tense. Hence Present Perfect is the most appropriate Tense here If two sentences are joined by "before', the first action ie in Past Perfect Tense and the 2™ action is in Simple Past Tense. 1st action 2nd aotion Fast pereet * er * Simgte past Ghange ‘eX into ‘had Icft, If the sentence starts with ‘It's time’ or It’s high time’, and if it is followed by # subject, the verb will be in second (V,) forsn Charge ‘sell’ into sole’. The 2nd action/state is opposite to the 1st one. Hence ‘although’ :s best suited here. The 'sen lence’ aud (question tag’ must be in the same tense Change ‘didn’t he into-"wasn't he’, Sentence is in Interrogative fara Change you have keen doing’ inte ‘have you been doing’ -English for generat competition, volume -220,(B) 30.4) S148) 39.(C) 33.(0) 34,0) 38.(C} 26.(8) 37.8) 38.(D) 39,(Dt 40,12) 42.4¢) 43.(0) 44.48) ‘No sooner’ is followed by ‘than’ Change ‘and’ into ‘than’, The fixed preposition that comes with disposed! is ‘of disposed of - to get id of - Gear 3 If the sentence is positive, the question tag must be negative. Change ‘can we’ into ‘can't we’. The formula of Conditional Sentence of past is~ If + Sub + had + V,, Sub + would + have + V,. Answer to (2 person) ~ #) Wa 47 Auswer for (something some act) — = sere AT Change ‘reached at Calcutta’ into ‘reached Calcutta’. ‘each’ doca not take amy preposition if it is followed by e destination, ‘Vs form of verk is used with did’ as two V, cannot come together Change ‘did not saw’ Into ‘did not see’. ‘Behave’ is verb and we know that an aiverb qualifies the verh Change ‘like coward’ into ‘in @ cowardly manner’, ‘Cowardly’ is an adjective Note: ‘Both....... not is net correct to use a8 for ‘nore out of two! we use neither of. For past roatine action, we use ‘used wt)" If the 2nd action starts after the Ist action is oxcr, Une 1 action will he in Present Perfect Tense and the secon¢ action will be in Simple Present Tense. Change “inished! into ‘hus finished “Bxcced' and more than’ together make 4 sentence superfluous. Change 'excecd more than’ inte ‘exceec! Change ‘to be rich’ 'inta have b rich’, [f seems that he was fic earlier. Yet’ is gencrally used in present peifect negative sentences. 45.(C) 46.18) 47.48) 48.14) 49.(C) 50.18) SLID) 52.(B] Sa1AL SALAD 55.4C) 36.8) 87 (C) 58.(8) English for general competition, votume - 2 Change ‘did you finish’ into ‘haven't you finish’, Simple future is never used immediately alter ‘as scon as! Change ‘Pll know’ into ‘I know. Moreuver if two actions take placa one alter the other in fuliac, the Lat action is in simple present terse end che 2rd is in simple furure tense, Change Ihave it red painted’ into ‘have it painted red’. The action is uf uausative verb, But and ‘on the contrary’ if used together, make the Sentence superiluons Change ‘on the ccnirery’ into ‘an the whole.” The sentence and the question tag must be in the same person, The postman being singular will take ‘does’ and no ‘do’ Change ‘don't he’ into ‘doesn't he’ Change ‘at’ into ‘during, Here we are talking about a period of time at a streleh. ‘AU denoies a point of time Who is used for the subject Change ‘whom! into ‘wha ‘For’ 18 used for & perivdl uf time. ‘Beside! means 'Next lo (# wa #) and ‘Besides’ means ‘apart from’ CR sreTT}, Change ‘besides’ into beside’ In future conditional sentences, the Ist action is in simple present tense. Change ‘anya thing other than ‘Ore’ always takes ‘one's’ Change ‘his parents’ intw ‘one’s parents’ ‘0 scone! is followed by ‘than’ Change ‘when she feinted! into ‘thar she fajetect’ ‘The sentence and the question tag raust be in the same tense. Change isn't i inco ‘werent they’. Whomsoever — (fat Fee Tt) is used as ait object Whosoever - (41 FI “f) is used as a subject g chan’ into ‘any59.fC) 60.(By 61D) 62.14) 63.(A) 64,18) 65.18) 96.(B) 67.(C) 68.0) 69.[A) 70.(8) 71) 72.{D) 84 Change into ‘whosoever’. for/since + time is used in perfect or perfect continuous tense but the sentence is still incorrect «s the action ‘parents came’ shows that it is of past. Henee change ‘has lived! into ‘had ‘been living’, Change ‘saw’ into ‘had seen’. Sentence is of Indirect speech’ When a proper noun is used as an example to compare some othcr proper gun with it, the proper noun is preceded by an article. Change ‘for’ inta on ‘Those’ is used for more than one distant thing/ person. Change ‘them’ into ‘those’, ‘Them’ cannot be followed by a noun ‘shoes as ‘them' is a pronoun. We know that pronoun comes in place of a noun and not with a noun Begin’ is followed by a gerund. Change ‘in one quarter of an. hour’ into 'a quarter of an hour’. Bid is followed by a bare infinitive in active voice ‘Change ‘ordered’ into ‘bade’ because if we use ‘ordered’, ‘asked’ or requested’, we will need 'to open’ ard not just ‘open’ which is given in the sentence, Know always takes ‘wh’ family, is followed by ‘to + ¥'. Change ‘do you know to prepare! into ‘do you know how to prepare’. ‘'Neither.....no:' is the correct pait of correlative. Change ‘read’ into ‘was reading’ ‘While’ shows that the action was in continuation ‘Said’ takes ‘to’ if it is followed by an object. Change ‘said me about" into ‘said about! Prefer’ is followed by ‘to’. Change ‘thatt' into ‘to! ‘whomsocve: it i 73.(A) 74.44) 75.14) 76.10) 77.8) 78.{C) 79.10) 80.(D) 1A) 82.(D) 8.01 84,(8) Change ‘provided into ‘unless’ 'Provided' here means ‘in case’, ‘He won't hear you in case you shout is an absurd sentence, ‘Change “at an anchor’ into ‘at anchur. Here no article is neerled as ‘ar anchor means to hold something (such as ship) firmly in place — (setet 4) eae FT ‘The first action is in past perfect and the 2~ action is in simple past tense. Change ‘alieady began" into "hed already begun’ Main subject of this sentence is My group’. Verb is used according to the taain sub. Change ‘are well behaved! into is well behaved’, Change ‘admonishing to him’ into ‘admonishing him’. Verb ‘admonish’ does not take any preposition, Superior becomes’ superfluous with ‘more’ and adjectives that end in ‘ior takes ‘to’ and not ‘than’. Change ‘more suzerior than’ inte ‘superior to’. Here ‘would’ will come and not will as the sentence is in past Beside - By the side of, adjacent -# ame # Besides ~ Apart fom —@ eT ‘Change “beside being’ into ‘besides being Victim of - #1 ‘fea tm (Eg: She isa victim of child abuse) fall victim to - RAR W 9TH (Eg: She fell vietim to human trafficking) What’ las been used as a relative pronown in this sentence. The sentence is rot interragative. Hence heloing verb will come after the subject. Moreover the sentence is in past. Change ‘what is her name’ into what her name was! Change ‘on into at’, Scoifed at ~ to ridicule — Wale #gr41 English for general competition, volume - 2Change ‘will -ose after’ into ‘would rise after’, The sentenve is in past. Hence ‘will! cannot be used. also modals are followed by 'V,'. Here ‘human will’ means ‘human determination’ 87,(C) Change ‘were’ into ‘is', Here the subject ‘Enlightenment’ is 8 singular subject and hence will take a singuler verb. Change ‘for’ into ‘on’. g:- Complimented on his success (2) Complimented for his new house. Change ‘stould not had’ into ‘should not havel. First form of verb comes after all modals. Both ‘able to’ and ‘could /can’ show vapacity. Hence they are never used together in a sentence, Change ‘could be able’ into ‘would be able’ Worthy of (trust, ete.) — 3 area Change ‘to’ into ‘of. First form of verb is used with ‘dic’ Caange ‘didn’t knew’ into ‘didn’t know. Sentence is in past. (Here ‘would’ is V, form of ill} Change ‘go’ into ‘went’ Change ‘embellishment’ into ‘enhance’, ‘Embellishment is @ noun. te verk form is ‘embellish’ Good (Adj) - a1 Goods (Noun) ~ Movadle property 7a Change ‘electronic good’ electronic goons’ Both ‘since’ and ‘from’ are used for ‘point of time’ but ‘since! is preferred to ‘torn’ if the point of time is of pest. In future conditional sentences, :he first aczion is in simple present tense and the 2nd action is in future terse. Change who will score the maximum marke’ into ‘who scores the maximam marks ‘Congratulate’ takes preposition ‘on’ =H eat tr For’ ig used for ‘duration’ 85.14) 86.(D) 88,(B) 89,(A) 90.(C) 95.(C] into 96.10) 971A) 98.(D} 99,61 English for general competition, volume-2 100.(A) Pres. Perf. 5. Past See Present Perfect tonse (last point} af Volume 1. 1f since’ is followed by simple past, it is preceded by present perfect tense. Here the action is a possibility. ‘may have V, is best suited. 101.(8} ‘Look forward <9 is followed by a ‘gerund! Change ‘luvking forwatd to interset” into ‘looking forward to interacting, 102,|A) Beside — By the side of —% 71 9 Change ‘beside to’ into ‘beside’. Double furuce Sentences never come together if one action is followed Ly the other action. The 1st action is sn simple present tens Change { will go! into "1 go 104.(B) Change ‘past’ into ‘over’ Get over means ‘to overcome’ overcome our failures 106.(N\ The action is of past. Hence the use of ‘we came’ is apprnsriate, 06.1) "Too,..1,t0! is the correct correlative Change ‘sa’ into ‘too’ 107.48) Sentence is in past. Change ‘have ‘een doing’ into “aad been doing’. 108.(B) If for/since + time’ is used ia a senicnce, the sentence will be in Perfect or Perfect Continuous Tense. Change ‘worked’ irto ‘have been working’ 109.(A) ‘All’ is followed by ‘that’, Change ‘what! into ‘that 110.(@) Although is used for cwo sentence silc in weaning. Change ‘since’ inte ‘although’. 111.(B) ‘But shows contradiction Change ‘as' into ‘but. 112,(C} Furniture’ is en uncountable noun, Itis always used in singular: form and takes singular verb, Change ‘hes no furnitures yet’ into ‘has no furniture yet’. 113.(D) The sentence ie of past imaginary position. Formula: 1 + Sub + Were... Sud + Would +V. and since it is am interragutive sentence, ‘subi is preceded by helping verb ‘would’. 85 103. We114.(A) Forms of throw ~ Yet 2nd Ord Throw threw thrown. Change throw’ into ‘threw’, 115.(4) The sentence and the question tag must be in the same tense. Change ‘en’: it’ inte ‘aren't they’ 116.(C) Many times conjunctions are uscd at wrong places. Change ‘not only known for his wealth’ into “known not only for his wealth', IF 'but also’, is followed by ‘his learning’, ‘not only’ should be followed dy ‘his wealth’. He is known will come before ‘not only’ 117.(4) Charge ‘whose’ into ‘the name of wh Whose is not used with non living things. 1184) We choose ‘one’ out of phiral countable noun. Hence ‘students will core in place of ‘student 119.{C) In this sentence, we are talking about boch medal and scholarship. Hence ‘both’ will come after ‘won’ This sentence is of misplaced conjanetion. 120.(0) 121.{C) Refexive pronoun comes with enjoy if there is ro object after ‘enjoy’ "Enjoyed" here must be followed by ourselves" Change ‘cornforted’ into ‘consoled’. When a person is very sad, weeping ‘or mourning, we console him Change ‘wrong’ into fraudulent’ Fraudulent — Done to trick someone for the purpose of getting something valuable — 4yeph Change ‘disadvantage into ‘advantage’. ‘Disadvantage’ means ‘shortcomings’ Undue advantage’ is & more appropriate word for this sentence. 1(¢) 2B) 3B) 41D) 86 5.(B) 6.(D) 74a) 11D} 12.{4) Suspense — A feeling of excitement caused by wondering what will happen Suapension — The act of making something invalid usually for a short period of time, Suspicion - A (feeling of doubt. Change ‘suspension’ into ‘suspense! Waddecl — to wail Unuugt water ~ 14 ert Shuffled ~ to rearrange to produce random order — se—Wee #1 Skipped - co pass by or leave out - as 7T Caenge ‘ignited’ into ‘flared’ Imite ~ to set on fire Flare-up' means a sudden eccur- rance or expression of anger or ar eecurenve in which something (such as violence) suddenly begins ~ Sgr (EM, EAT a AM wT) Unserlying - used te identify 1 cause, problem. Underlining - To draw a line under. Change — ‘underlining’ — inte ‘underlying’ Oue wh gives muney ur lelps others ~A philanthropist Charlatan - A person wha falsely pretends to low or be something in order to deceive people ~ witéarn Sycophant ~ A person who praises powerful people :n order to get their approval — =H Libertine - A person who leads an immoral life — offer ster 3 ar Both ‘charlatan' and ‘quack’ mean the seme, Henee we need no improvement, Remind- To make someone think abuut something again -— 4 fret Remember ~ ‘To have in your mind — am tet Fluttered - to move or flap the wings quickly without flying - FERIA Paltered — to begin to walle or move in an unsteady way - Heiser Flustered - to make (someone) nervous and confused — 148 1 3c idea, English for general competition, volume -213.08) 14.8) 15.(D) 16.(8) 17.48) 18.8) 19.48) 20.(0) ‘Frittered — to break into small fragment — east Chenge ‘faltcrcd’ into ‘fluttered’ as pigeons flutter their wings. ‘These’ ang ‘those will take plural nouns (Kinds). ‘This’ and ‘that’ will take singular noun (kind). Hence only option (A) is correct, Noticeable ~ Able to be easily scen oF noticed Remerkable-unusnal or surprising. Change ‘noticeable’ into ‘remarkable’ which is 4 Deller option. Digtract — to take attention away from someone or something ~ SM WEST Distort - ty change something s0 tat it {is no longer of the same shape wr size or true or accurate — & FANE Vitiate - to rain or spoil something — re oT Sordid —tmmorat— afte Change ‘was highly estimated’ into ‘was highly commended’, Commended ~ express approval of Appraise ~ to estimate the value of — are eT Farade - the front of a billding —faret va = Ae FT aT Canvas - Coarse cloth ~ Het #¥e1 Canvass-Visit honses to get political support— 4-94 aR ate strat Change 'canvas' into ‘canvass’, Commandeered - To take by force especially for military purposes, Change ‘capsured commandeered’ Here the purpose was Not to seize or impound but to take the injured child to the hospital Hence commandeered is the best option. Decline — Refust 1o accept an offer Refuse ~ show unwillingness towards. But both ‘decline’ and ‘refuse’ are not. followed by ‘to’. Hence ‘no improvement’ is the best option, inta 21.) 22.40} 23.{C} 24.00) 25.(C) 26.(A) 27h) 28.(C) 29.(B) Condemned - Express strong disapproval of change ‘riticized’ into ‘condemned’ whick is a stronger Byidence — material that is presented to a court of law to help find the truth about something 7H Change ‘proof inte ‘evidence’ Change ‘a tiny town’ into ‘a small town ‘Tiny - very small — ag¢ Bley eT Humongous — very large — "&3 Ft Propitious — likely to have or produce good results ~ 34 Prophetic - correctly stating what will happen in the future — Sa 7 afamant atten Deny - To declare untrue - fart 7m tae a as aor Refuse ~ Show unwillingness towards 7H aot Change ‘denied! into ‘refused’ ‘Hardly credible’ means ‘that cannot be believed. Gullible - easily deceived — stan? sare 7A at Creditte — eapable of being believed ~ aaa ea ter Incredibie-that cannet be believed - afrerets Change ‘gullible’ into ‘credible’ Change ‘poisonous’ into ‘toxic’ Effluent liquid (such a5 sewage) that is released as waste — 7] wet aren ot Toxic — containing poisonous substance ~ 788 Toxic waste’ is used more and is hence a common and better option. Change ‘effinity’ into ‘collaboration’. Adinity — Aa attraction t¢ something = sect, Collaboration - To werk with another person - Beane F Change ‘out of sight’ inco ‘out of control We got out of control if we are n bad, company. English for general competition, volume - 230(0) LIC} 2.8) 3.10) 4.44) TA) BIAL uA) 1A) 1B) 12.(B) 88 (As adverb) Hardly = Rarely - qhrea a Hard - with effort - teTa a Change ‘hardly working people’ into hard working people’. We express our ideas. We don't speak or describe ideas, Retreated — movement by soldiers away from an enemy — "et vet Change ‘went back’ inte ‘retreated’. Change ‘giving’ into ‘donating’ We donaic blood. Whisked - to move or take someone or something to another place very quickly — Sat 3 ea TI Change ‘taken away’ into ‘whisked’. ‘Asking for’ means ‘demanding’ but ‘demanding! is a stronger word anc suits Lhe conlest of the sentence, Chenge ‘asking for’ into ‘demanding’ Filial — of or relating to a son or daughter ~ aR Wafia Mere ~ to denote that something is ‘unimportant. - Wee Change ‘mere! into ‘filial’. Dominion ~ the power to rule control acountry. Change ‘suneriority’ into ‘dominion’ Change ‘since setting up’ into ‘since ils inception’. ‘Since its setting up’ would have been correct but ‘its’ was missing Change ‘hope’ into ‘fear’. He hope for something good and we fear of something bad that may happen. ‘Change ‘falling w:th’ into ‘pouring’ ‘Change ‘levied’ into ‘levelled’. Levied - An amount of money that must be paid and that is collected by 2 government — 3 Fea oF Gore Levelled — to aim or direct Eg.- to level a charge of fraud Change ‘saved’ into ‘prevented’ We prevent bloodshed to save people. Escicw - to avoid (something) 13.18) 14.(4) 15.(C) (B) 18,(C) 19.(D) 20.4) 21.4C) L(A) 14D) especially because one does not think itis right, proper ete— Ts For Remediable = capable of being soived or cured ~ 37am = Remedial - Done to make something betler — Quit ‘Change ‘Remediable’ into ‘Remedial’, We have stomach ache or head ache. ‘Ache’ is a commor: word for body pain. Change ‘gave’ into deveted’ He devote time to learn some art or skill. Behest — An authoritative order or urgent promting Change juest’ into ‘behest’. We'do something good at the behest of our conscience. Change ‘reques.ed’ inty ‘invited! Indulge — to allow to do something — wipro Inspire - to make someone wan) Wo do something - wet 1 A commission is set up. ‘Foot of the tree/ mountain’ means ‘at the lower end of or the bo:tom’ of the tree or mountain. Expose —Ta reveal (something hidden, dishonest, etc] Change ‘reveal’ into ‘expose’. ‘To beat someor:e’ means 'to defeat, La 2 A 3 B4 5 (PD) 6 (AL 7% (al8. (C} 9. (DB) 10.) 11. (B12. | 13, B) The given sentence is grammatically correct but it 1s not geod etiquette ™ Contrite — Sorry for what she had done. ‘English for general competition, volume - 22.(D) 1(0) 2(D) 3D) 4A) 5.{D) 6B) English for general competition, volume - 2 ———____| 89 Since meaning is same, no improvement is necessary. Alleviate To reduce the pain or trouble of - 42a #4 FH Lessen ~ To become less or to cause to become less — #7 FET Change ‘alleviate’ into ‘lessen’ Since meaning is same, no improvement is necessary. Run down - Exhausted /to decline in physical condition or vigour Exhausted means the same. ‘Hand in’ means ‘to submit'— 1 3 ain Knock down — to strike to the grourd with a sharp blow - Eee Sn Come across - To meet by chance — score area ta Change ‘Viewed across’ into ‘came across’, Biue murder ~ An extravagantly loud outcry. Change “black into “bli 718) BAC) 14a) 24a) 3.16) 44C) 1A) Change ‘to it’ into ‘into it’ 7o ‘put your heact into it’ means ‘to do it whole-heartedly ‘Stand by’ means ‘to be or to get ready to act’ - #7 act @ Fey soften Floor is the surface of a room on which we stand (FH), ground is outside of a house (7H), To ‘stand up’ means ‘to rise up from a sitting posture! — &2 FT Wear ~ to have something on one's body — wet GE EMT Put onto dress — JET Change ‘wear’ into ‘put on’. ever comes with ‘breeze’. always gentle. Change ‘the strong breeze’ into ‘the strong wind’, A conviet is hanged till he is dead. "Manged to death’ is grammatically correct but ‘hanged till’ death ia legally a better option.Direct tions : Ih Question Nos. 1 to 50, a part of the sentence is underlined. Below are given alternatives to the underlined pert at (A), (B) and (C) which may improve the sentence. Choose the correct alternative. In ¢ase no improvement is needed, your answer is (D). 1 T give key to my wrist wateh every jay. {Al wind down (B) wound tip [c) wine 1D} No improvernent We did a test when the lights went out, ‘Al have been coing 1B) were doing ic) had done [D) No ireprevement The frightened convict wept for mercy. lA] mumbled — (B) pleadec IC] shou: {D) No improvement He put up a lot of worlk on that article. (A) putin {B) put down (C) put over (D) No improvement The beggar was satisfied with his lowly meal. (A) miserly {C] meagre (D] No improvement She congratulated him on his su in the examination. (A) about (B) for () at \D} No improvement The manager was given a holiday and so he decided to go to the hitch - hilding. (A) for the bitch - hiking (B) for bitch- hiking (C) hitch - hiking (D) No impravemen Goaded to frenzy, the bull charged its tormentora (8) the tormentors were charged by the bull (B) mean 10. 12, (8) the tormentors were being charged by the bull (C) the bull charged on its tormentors (D) No improvement The war was @ time of tribulations for all of us, {A) intimacy (€} stupidity (©) No improvement The temptations that bestow young people today are ruining them. (A) appeal (B) besot (C) confront (D) No improvement We kept all the old paintings in a place where they would remain safe from harm or danger. (8) will remain sate (B) are sale (C) may remain safe {D) No improvement 3 The tragedy is reflection of an episode that took place a decade ago. (A) Rendition (Q) reincarnation (C) reminiseent (D) No improvement The Sun is shining brightly, please put olf the light. (A) pur down {C) keep off (D) No improvement That the poor in our country arc happy is 4 vision, (a) an anomaly (C) aa illusion (D} No improvement Wher | called on his residence this morning, he was stil: in bed (a) az (Byin (C) into (D) No improvement January is first month of the year, (A) should be the first (8) was first (c) (D) No improvement 1B) plecidity (B) pur cur (8) an allusion is the first ‘English for generai competition, volume -217, 19, 20. 21. 22, 23. 28, 25, It became clear that the strangers were heading inio 2 serious disaster. (A) along (B) towards (C) on {P) No improvement ‘Twenty kms are not agreat distance in these days of fast moving vehicles, {A) is not» great distance {B) are not too great a distance (C) aren't proving a great distance (D) No improvement Ladapted a new method to solve the probless: 1) 1 have been adopted (B) | adopted (C) Twas adapted (D) No improvement Hoping not to be disturbed, f cat down in my casy chair to read the book, Bsa prize (A) Thad won os a prize (8) T have won as prize {C) I hed to wir ‘as a prize (D) No imptovernent Ifyou are living rear a market place you should be ready to bear the disturbances caused by Lalfic. (8) to bear upon —(B) to bear with IO} to bear away (D} No improvement The more the cari, mort they spend on luxury items (A) more they should spend (B) the more they spend {C} the moze they ought to spend (D) No improvement You have come here with a view te inoutt {Al to insulting me (B} of insulting me {€} foe insulting me (D) Na improvement A little ratl-road engine was employed bys station yard tor doing small pieces of work IAL was made by a station yard [B} was used ax the station ya: (C) was employed at the station yard (D) No improvement The child tossed in bed baming with fever. 26. 27, 23, 29. 30. SL 32, English for general campetttton, volunte-2 (A) The child in bed, burning with fever tossed. (B) The child, burning with fever, tossed in bed, IC) The child burning in bed tossed with fever. (B) Ne improvement He may have grown taller when | last saw him. {Al ftom whea E last saw him (B) since I last saw him (C) store | last saw him (h)_No improvement While crossing the highway, a five year oll shild was knocked put by a passing car. (A) away (8) up (0) down {D) No improvement We arc looking forward to see you tomorrow. (A) looking forward towards seeing (8) looking forward for accing {C) looking forward ~ secing (2) No improvement The clients ate waiting outside sinc morning and will continue to wait until you meet them. (A) have waited {B) have been waiting (C) wece waiting (D) No imprevement The workers are hell_bent at getting what is due to them (a) hell bent on getting (Bj hell bent for getting (C) hell bent upon getting {D) No improvement During his long discaurse, he did not fouch that point. (A) touch upon (C} touch of (0) No improvement ‘They could not tell me why did he sot gat his lunch. (a) why not had he eaten (8) why he did not eat (©) why had he net caten {D) No improvement (8) wuch in [sr]34, 38, 36. ar. 38, 39. 40. aL He who will bid the hi product. 1A) who bids the highest (B] who the highest bids (Cl who woulé bie the highest (D} No improvement Ifhe had lime he will call you. (A) would have (B) would have had (C) has (©! No improvement John had told me that he hasn't done it yet. (A) told (C) was telling {D] No improvement ‘This house belongs to the Yadavs. (a) Yadav (B) Yadav's (C} Yadavs' {D} no improvement: Tam having more than 100 Luoks (A) had (B) have (C) have had (D} no improvement Babies like milk, ism't it ? (A) don't they? (B) is it? {C) do they ? {D) no improvement Don't lean against this wall, it would collapse (a) must (C) might (0) no improvement The police caught the victim red handed. (A) thief {B) the prisoner (C) the thier (D) no improvement She Is enough mature to take her own decisions. {A) old enough (©) enough (D) no improvement She is happiest of all. (A) more hagpicr than all. (B) the happiest of all (C) most happiest of all. {D) no improvement The disparity of the GDP between the rich and the poor has broadened in the last some decades. eat will get the (B) tells (8) shall (B) enough old 44, 45. 46. 47, 4g, 49, 50, (A) have widened in the las: some decades (B) has widened in the last few decades {C) have broadened in the last few decades (D) No improvernen: How, is beyond my understanding, the boy could fall into the ditch. (A) How the boy could fall into the ditch is beyond my understanding (B) Beyond my understanding is how the boy could fall into the ditch (C) How cou'd the boy fall into the dite is beyond my understanding (2) No improvernent ‘The pioneer spacecraft went beyond Pluto. (A) made its way past {B) weat across (C) went after {D) No improvement ‘The firm buys frozen seafood in bulk, packs it into smaller poucnes and thea they scll_ them to the local grocery stores. A) it sells them (B) sell them {C) they sell the pouches {D) No improvernent ‘The learners are intended to read the sources at home. (A) are meant {(C) are expected (D) No improvernent Fuji's invention of supercomputer will be enable to make Japan supersede ‘America in compuer technology (A) will make Japan (8) will enable Japan (C) can make Japan (D) No improvernent I could never repay the debt I owe to my place of atudy. (A) Alma mater (C) Place of worship (D) No improvement She cries gill the time, (A) mostly everytime (B) day in and day out (G} ‘pretty: frequently (D) No improvement (3) are suggested ®) Motherland English for general competition, votume - 2Explanation with answer LC} 2B) 3.(B) (Al 5c) 6(D) 74C) 8D) 9.(D) 10. (B) Wind - To turn completely oF repeatedly about an object art Al! Change ‘give key to’ into ‘wind’. Change ‘did’ into ‘were doing. Here we are talking about the continuation of one action. when the 2nd action took place, Pleaded - To ask for something in w serious manner — feet FEITTEHErT Mumbled - To say (something) quietly in en unclear way that males ir difficult for people to know what you said — 7S¥srIl Change ‘wept! into ‘pleaded’ Put up - show ~ Wf! Put in - to spend (time, energy ete} especially at some occupation - PrarverTen (ama, erat goof) Fare al Put down - to suppress — 371 FU! Change ‘put up’ into ‘put in’ Lowly - Ina humble of meek manner - Meagre - Very small or too smal! in amount ~ 3471, ¥Hl Change ‘lowly’ into ‘meagre’ Congratulate takes preposition ‘on’, Hitch-hiking - To travel by securing free rides from passing vehicles - 7Ht aa AR RR AT Change ‘to the hitch-hiking’ into ‘*hitch-hiking’. ‘Go hitch hiking’ is correct. ‘The meaning of the sentence is - Forced by uncontrolled activity, the bull rushed to attack the people who were troubling | ‘Tribulation - Unhappiness or pain — qu Bestow - To give asa gift or honour — TaRHT, 1S FT Beset - To cause problems on difficulties for {someone or something) ~ & a1 (areal 3 Erm) 11. (D} 12. (C) 13.18) 14.(C) 15.(A) 16.(C) 17.18) 18./A) 19.(B) Confront - To oppose or challenge especially in a dircot and foreemully way,- TI FAT Change ‘bestow’ into ‘beset’, ‘Tae sentence is in past. Hence all options (A, & and } are inappropriate. Reflection - Something that shows the effect, existence - #7 Reminiscent - Reminding you of someone or something else - fee afeag ae fer ae Rendition - A performance 9: something — WEyATeTT Reincarnation ~ Someone who has been born again with a different body after death - 3 ‘Change ‘Reflection’ into ‘reminiscent’ Put off - To postpone ~ Bafta eM! Put up ~ Show ~ =a Put cu: ~ To extinguish — 3eAIl Fut down - To suppress ~ 7 WT ‘Char.ge ‘put off inte ‘put our’ Iusion = An incorrect idea ~ S41 Vision — The ability to see — 71 Anomaly = Something that is unusual or unexpected — arate Allasion —Indisect reference — J3-f51 at eta HET! Change ‘a vision’ into ‘an ilusion’. Call at — To visit someone at his place frat 3 seer Fz FCT Change ‘on’ into ‘at Call on — to meet someone ~ 42 UT The? is used before Ordinal Adjectives. Change ‘is first month’ into ‘is the first’ month, Change ‘into’ inte ‘towards’. ‘Twenty kms denotes ‘a single unit’ Change ‘are not a great distance’ into ‘is not a great distance’ Adopt -To accept - Stat #et Adapt -To change accordingly = 8UET STM! Change ‘I adapted’ into ‘I adopted’, English for general competition, volume - 2 fT]20.4) 21.(D) 22.(B) 23,(A) 24.48) 25.48) 26.18) 27(C) 28.(0) 29.8) 30. (A) 31. (A) 32. B) 33. (A) The ‘act of winning’ was prio: to ‘sitting and reading’. Hence the Ist action will be in Past Perfect Tense. Bear with ; te be patient ~ 04 ar When two actions are shown to be directly or inversely proportional to cach other, both of them will have a ‘comparative degree’ preceded by article ‘the’ Change ‘more they spend” into ‘the more they spend’. Alter ‘with a view to’ V, + ingis used. Change ‘to insult ‘me’ into ‘te insolting me’ Change ‘was employed by a station yard’, into ‘was uscd at the station yard’. Men are cmployed, not engines. "The child, burning with fever, tossed rn bed’ gives the proper course of action. He may have grown taller Forect Tense Tastsawhirn Simple Past point of Present Perfect Tense {from Yolume-1). Knock down — To get mowed — aa art Change ‘ont’ into ‘down’ ‘V, + ing’ is used after look forward tol, ‘Change looking forward to see’ into "looking forward to seeing’ If for/singe + time’ is used in a sentence, the sentence will be in Pérfect or Perfect Continuous Tense. Change ‘are waiting into ‘have been waiting”. Bent on — qa 3 Change ‘hell bent at getting’ into ‘hell bent on getting’. Touch upon — To refer/meittion — seta Fe Change ‘touch’ into ‘touch upon’. Sentence is not in in‘errogative form. Here ‘why’ is joining two sentences. Change ‘why did he not eat’ into ‘why ‘he did not eat’. Two future tense never come in one sentence, First action is in Simple Present Tense and 2nd action is in since (See the last 34. (C) 35, (B) 35. (D} 37. (B) 38, (4) 39, (©) 40. (C) 41, (A) 42. (B) 43. (B) 46. (D) 47. (C) 48. (B) 49. (A) 50.8) Simpte Future Tense. ‘CEange who will bid the highest’ into ‘who bids the highest’. Sentence is in Present Tense, Change ‘had’ into ‘has’ Sentence is in Simple Present Tense Change ‘had told” into ‘tells’. "Yedavs! means all the members of the family with sur name ‘Yadav. Tf have! denotes ‘possession’, it is not used in ‘ing’ form. Change ‘am having’ into ‘have’, The sentence and the Question Tag must be in the same tense. Change ‘isn't it’ into ‘don't they’. 'Might’ shaws less possibility. The sentence is of course not of very high possibility. Change ‘would’ into ‘might’ Victim - A person who has been cheated/fosled/tortured ete by someone ~ ‘faa Thief — A person who steals something - "Rl Change ‘the victim’ into ‘the chief. ‘Enough’ comes after the Adjective that it modifies. Change ‘enough matur. enough’, ‘The’ is used before Superlative Degree of Adjective. Change ‘happicst of all’ into ‘the happiest of all. 44, (A) 45, (D} Here "them! means ‘the pouches (plural non; Intended — 50] THAT — (In your mind as a purpose or goal), Change ‘are intended’ into ‘are expected . Both ‘be! (V,) and enable’ (v,) won't come together. Alma mater ~ Place of study — fare HH Ml Change ‘place of study! into ‘Alma mater! which is a better choice Day in, day owt meens for an indefinite number of successive days. into ‘old [94 }———________——-kngjlish for yeneral competition, volume-2Cloze Test CHAPTER The understanding of an aspirant is tested in Gloze Test, The aspirant reads and under- stands a passage and then answers the ques- ‘tions that follow but if we remove ten words from the passage and give 4-5 options for cach blank, the candidate has to select one option for the g:ven blank. The option chosen must give clear, precise and correct meaning to the paeeage. Example: Cloze Test = 1 When Anil passed his final university examination and got his 1 he decided to 2 and invited all bis friends to a party to be 3 the following Sanday. He spent most of that day 4 things ready and at 7.40 the first guest arrived. After that a steady & of people 6 and Anil was busy chatting te people and introducing Wem ( one auethes. Anil had a wide 7 of friends and not everyone et the party knew cycryonc 8. ‘A party is always a good way to break the @ and get people talking’, Anil thought. The party soon got going and there was a feeling of relief et the 10 that the examinations were over and thal a long summer holiday lay ahead 1. (A) licence {B] bachelarhood {C) degree 1D) diploma 2 (A) celebrate 1B) feast {C) entertain (D) commemorate 3 (A) planned | celebrated {C) offered D) hed 4. (A) preparing iB! puting {C) getting {D) doing 5. (A) stream 1B) current {C) river {D) movement 6 {A) tamed oat (8) tured up (C) turned in (Dj turned down 7 (A) number 1B) group (C) circle 1D) round 8. {Al else (B) other (C) different {D) person 9. (A) silence {B) atmosphere (C) monotony — (D) ice 10. (A) subject {B) point (Ch met {D) matter Sol: 1. (C) Ater Universicy cxam’ we get degree 2. (A) We ‘Celebrate’ when we ‘Pass an 8. (D) ‘Party to be held is the correct former tion af a sentence. On Sunday, party will be ‘held’ not ‘planned'. Hence option (A) is correct, 4. (©) ‘Getting things ready’ is correct. Wi use ‘get ready’ a lot in common lan- guage. 5, (A) ‘Stream of peaple" means.‘ continu- ous flow of pesple’ 6 (B) ‘Turn up’ mesnss‘to arvive’, People will of course turn up for the party, 7. (0) ‘Priend circle’ means ‘the group of friends’, 8, (A) ‘Everyone else’ is the best choice as per the meaning of che passage. 9, (D) ‘Break the ice’ is « phrase. It means Yio start conversation’ 10. {C) ‘At the fact’ is the correct option. ‘As a matter of fact’ was better but there is no such option. Cloze Test - 2 ‘The word victory_1 reminds us of 2 and of conquerors like Alexander and Napoleon. Or we May _3_ of the allied victories in the wu world wars. But these vieturies were 4 with so much § and devastation. There is another English for general competition, volume—2type of victory, which is _6_ and constructive.In this, category, we may_Z the achievements of scientists and scholars, statesmen and social reformers, workers in field and factory, and all who 8 tothe 9 of the human race. The victories of peace are more 10 and useful to humanity than the so- called victories of war. 1. (A) Hardly: (B) Generally (C} Never (0) Seldom 2. (A) Truth (B) Silence (C) Wisdom (D) Wars 2 (A) Think (B) Feel (C) Remember (D) Recall 4, (A) Concerned (B) Caused (C) Associated (D) Resulzed 5, (A) Complaint (B) Destruction (C) Wastage (D) Confusion 6. (A) Proud, () Mean (C) Creative (D) Harsh 7. (A) Hold (B) Permit (C) Conclude (D) Include & (A) Contribute (B) Serve (c) Attribute (D) Work 9. (A) Stagnation (B) Progress (C) Decline (D) Fall 10, (a) Temporary (8) Everlasting (Ch Lasting (D) Doubt Sol: 1. (B) ‘Victory*usually remindsus of famous warriors, Henoe ‘genorally" is the best option. Alexander and Napolean are retated to ‘wars’ ‘Think’ is followed by preposition ‘of. ‘Of used after the blank: makes op- tion ‘think’ the best option. Associated is followed by ‘with’. If we had ‘in’ after the blank, option 're- Ited’ would become the correct op- 2. (D) 3. (A) 4 (A) tion 5, (B) ‘Destruction’ and “dewastutiun’ are ‘synonyms. 6. (C) ‘Creative and Constructive’ will come together and will give the best mean- ing to the passage. We ‘include’ Une achizvements of sci- cntists and scholars in this category. 7.0) 96 8. (A) 9. (B) Scientis:s, Scholars etc have contrib- sited to the ‘progress’ of human race. If ‘More’ is followed by ‘everlasting’ the sentence becomes Superfluous. ‘Ev- erlasting’ means ‘forever’. Hence ‘more’ will be the best suited if fol- lowed by fasting’ According to sociologists, 1 gains in mary ways when the government 2 sports and games 3; provides playgrounds; the necessary equipment and other facilities: rewards outstanding 4 so as to encourage others also to_§ games, The crime 6 dips, which means that the 7 of general crimes decreases _8_ the: right spirit and the right approach to things is developed on the 9. Sport, it has been said, is not only a manifestation of animal energy of surplus strength to develop more strength; it i addition, a _10_ and wholesome gullet for the aggressive spirit in heman beings. 10. (Cj 1. {A} country (B) scciety [C) government (D) stare 2. {Al encourages (B) plays {C) conducts (D] avoids (B) in towns (D) everywhere (B) sportamen 3 fA) in villages (©) in stadium 4 (A) umpires {C) leaders (D) people 5. tA) see (B) watch {C) conduct (D) play 6 (A) detective (B) branch (©) graph, (D} investigation 7. {A) incidence (B) increase {C) int (D) introduction & (A) urles (B} because KC) yet (D) however 9, (A) Warfield (B} school iC) playground (D) college 10, (A) safe (B} clever {C) satisfying (D} good “Sociologists’ will talk about the ‘so- ciety”. English for general competition, volume-22. (A) 3. (AD Sports and games will be promoted naturally ‘everywhere’. We reward ‘Outstanding’ sportsmen, We ‘play games’. Here the choice of option is very easy. 4, (B) 5.0) 6. 7. (A) The graph of the ‘incidence’ of crime is made ready by the police to see whether the graph ‘dips’ or rises. Grime graph dips “because” the right spirit and the right approach to things are developed. Since ‘reason’ is men- Uvned, ‘because! is the best option, The whole Passaxe is based on ‘gyorte’, Hence right approach will develop on ‘playgrounds.’ ‘Sports’ are the safe outlet for our aggressive feelings. If we take out these feelings ia wars , the conse- quences will be disastrous, Most of us 1 that cockroaches are 2 creatures, very week and 3, that can be destruyed with one 4. Ves, you can lel a cockroach easily, 5 in reality itisan 6 tough creature, Cockrosches are incredibly strong, They can _7_ anywhere and on anything. A cockroach can eat anything. It_8 our food, but i¢ can also eat 9 things like candle wax, soap and paper. So the next time you kill a cockroach feel 10. , because you are killing an extremely tough creature, 8. B) ac 10, {Ab 1. (A) examine \B) find {C} think {D) see 2 (A) tiny (8) inrtating (C) dangerous {D) tough 3. (8) appealing 93) strange (C} soft 43) vainerable a fA) hit (B) effort (C) blow (D) chemical 5. (8) since (8) though (C) while (2) bur 6 (Aol {B) incredible {C) wltimate (D) extremely English for general competition, volume - 2 7. [Al move (B) survive (C} slide (D) reach 8 (A) eats (B} locates (C) emetts (D) chews 9, (A) unimaginable (B} familiar (6) sensible (D) appesising 10. (A) guilty (B) happy (€) cruel (D) sad Sok 1, (C) [we rend the passage completely, we find that ‘most of us think’ so, but the reality is different, ‘Tiny’, ‘Weok’ and ‘Vulnerable’ mean almost the same. Purther it is men- tioned ‘that can be harmed easil Cockcoaches are considered tiny ang weak and that can he harmed easily, When we ‘hit’ someone the forcible stroke delivered is called the ‘blaw’. ‘Since the reality is different from what wwe think, ‘but’ Conjunction must be used We could have used ‘Incredibly’ in place of ‘Extremely’ but option (C) is ‘incredible’ (adjective) while we need an adverb, Hence an adverb ‘ex- tremely’ hes been esed to qualify an adjective ‘tough. AIC) 5.0) 6. 0) 7. (8) 8. (A) Cockroaches can survive anywhere and can eat anything We consider ‘Wer’, Papers’ ete Un- imaginable’ things for the purpose of ‘custimg We really, feel happy’ when we do anything ‘tough’ ‘The wiags of some birds arc sp small that they are 1 for fying. Harlier such birds 2 Hy. But after living far thousands of Sin places where they had no 4 there was no need for them to fly, and they 6 on the ground, After a while, their 6 ones could no longer rise 9. (8) 10. (Bj oTintu the ait, The ostrich, rasa, emu and cassowary 7 fly, bul they can run fast on their long, Strong legs. Osiriches 8 in Aftica and are found on the grassy places @ they live along with big groups of zebras. The rhea looks like the ostrich, 10. it is smaller and has three toes on cach feet, while the ostrich has only twa 1. (Al uscleaa (B) useful (C) beneficial (0) suited 2, {A} should (B) might (C) could (0) can 3. (Al weeks [B) years {C) wnenths (0) ages 4 (Al wind (B) sky (C) Bends (D) enemies 3 {Al stepped (2) stayed tC) crept (D) crawled (A) trained (B) old (Ci young (D) pregnant 7 4A) cannot (3) could (C) would (D) should 3 {Aj lived (5) live (C} had lived (D) used to ve 9 (Al when (B) where (C) xo thet (D) because 10. fAjeven though —[B) but (C) ana [D) in spite of 98 4. {D) 5. [BI T.1Al 8. (By 9. (B) 10.) ‘Small wings’ cannot help the birds fy, Hence they are ‘useless’, For Past ability we wse ‘could’, “Thousands of years’ ls the best option, Evolution of course takes ‘thousands of years” We know that birds fy away wher they see any ‘enemy’. Else they roam about freely on the ground. ‘They ‘stayed’ on the ground when they didn’t feel the need to fly. crepti2nd and 3rd form of creep)+ to move wath your Sedy close to the around. ‘crawled’ means ‘crept Ifa biré cannot fly, it cannnt teach sts ‘young anes? haw to Oy, Here we are talking about ‘Present inability’. Henve ‘cannot’ must 2e Ostrich is not an ‘extinct species’ Hence live {W,) should be used. Here we are talking about the’ place. Hence ‘where’ is the perfect choice here. Here the difference between Rhea and Qstrich has been mentioned. Hence ‘but’ is the mos? suitable conjunction, English for general competition, volume -2Cloze Test PRACTICE SET - I Directions : In the following passages, some of the words have been left out. First read the passage over and try to understand what it is about. Then fill in the blanks with the help of the alternatives given. Cloze Test — 1 A seminar is generally a form of 1 interaction, either at an academic 2. ora commercial or 3. organisation, It has the function of 4 small groups for 5 meetings, focusing each time on some 6 subject, in which everyone present is _7_ to participate. This is often 8 through an ongoing dislugue with a seminar 9 or instructor, Normally, participants must not be _10_ in the ficld under discussion, L(A} academic (B) social (C) inormal (D) artificial 2, (Al institution 8. (A) accomplished {B) acknowledged () acquainted (D) acquired 9. {A) follower (B) member {C} leader (D) associate 10, (A) professional (B) teacher (C) starter (D) beginners Cloze Test —2 It was a sudden decision. Three of us all 1 in the hostel, decided to travel by train to 2 and witness the Republic Day Parade The station was heavily 3 anc there was a long queue befre the ticket counter. 4 pretended sickness and persuaded the man nearest to Lue Sto buy three more tickers, orc for him and 6 for his sisters, No problem, therefore, in buying tickets, 7 train was already at Use platform and there was 8 mad rush among the passengers to gct on the coaches. Hari would not be worried by 8. Heasked 10 to jump over the bumper between two couches tc get on to the other side. (B) intermission (C) intervention 1, (A) roommates —_—_(B) strange-s (D) interference (C) classmates {D) friends 3, [A) provincial (B) proverbial 2 (A) Calcutta (B) Myderabad {Cj professional —_(D) progressive {C) Chennai (U) Dellai 4. (A) bringing out 3. (A) guarded (8) thronged (B) bringing together. (C) crowded. {D) filled (C) bringing among [D) bringing otf 4 (Aj She (8) Dari 5. {Aj recurring (B) repeating _ (Cc) They (D) You {C) reverting, (D) reforming > —_—(A) door (B) window 6. (A) particular (B) partial {C) counter {D) enhance [C) previous {D) prevented © {A} three {B) four 7. (Aj entrusted (B) encouraged (C) one Byte {C) enlarged (D) endured % Bee ste (c) An {D) No English for general competition, volume-2 [oo]But very 2 people know that energy required for 3 anc heating is also one of 4 basic needs, We are all aware 5 our & (Aba (B)an (C} the (D) not 9, {A} things (B) everything (©) anything (D) someti-ing 10, (A) them (B) us (Clwe (D) they Cloze Test — 3 Ants play an important part in the 1 of nature. They cat a large 2 of insects and so help kecp them 3 becoming too plentiful. In the tropics, ants cat more _4 half the termites hatched each year. Ants, in S., are an important 6 source for birds. Frogs, lizards and many other animals aleo feed _7_ ants, Ants are _8 helpful and harmful to farmers. Some kinds of ants aid farmers by killing insects that 9 crops. Ants that dig underground nests 10 the soil. They break up, laosen country has achiever, self-sufficies in 6 but we have to goa 7 way 8 inorderto 9 sufficiency in the 10. of energy, and mix the soil. 1. (A) destruction —_—_(B) creation (C) formation (D) balance 2. (A) quantity (8) number (C) size (D) weight a (A) from {B) to (Cp at (D) in 4. (A) less (4) or (C) than (D) rather 3. (A) environment —(B) trees (C) nature {D) ground 6. (A) food {B) energy (C) treasure {(D) Jand 7 (A) our Rup (C} for {D) on 8, {A} once {B) largely (C) both, (D) really 9, (A) fertilise (B) nourish (C) damage {D) cause 10, (A) impoverish —_B) improve (C) nun (D) indulge Cloze Test — 4 1. (4) assures. (B} loves (C) hates (D) promises 2. {Ad litde (Bj small (C) few (D) less 3. (A) cooking, {B) living (C) eating (0) sleeping 4, (A) theirs {B) such (a {D) our 5. (A) this {Bj that (C) what {D) how 6. (A) food {Bi resources (C) weapon {D) heating 7, (A) some (Blall (C) long (DB) hard 8 (A)but {B) bet {C) out {D) yet 9. (A) provide (B) serve {C) achieve (D) garner 10. (A) field (B) terrain {C) sector {D} space Cloze Test — 5 Ants go in groups in search of food. To do this, 1 a few worker ants, 2 scouts, go out of their nests to forage 3 food. Orce an 4 source of food is 5 by a scoutant, it 6 tothe nest with a sample. While 7 s0, if ejects a chemical and 8 an invisible Tine from the 9 of food to its nest. It then contacts other ants who also follow the 10 procedure. More and more worker ants are ‘brought in and the food is slowly vaker back to the nest. 1. (A) primarily (B} initially (C) hastily (D) systematically Everyone considers food, shelter, clothing and mecical care to he the basic needs for acomfortable living, Even the government accepts this and _1_ to provide all these 2. {A) called (Bj named (C) identified (D)