PHILIPPINE LOCAL GOVERNMENT

REGION
In the ​Philippines​, regions (​Tagalog​: rehiyon), are ​administrative divisions that
primarily serve to coordinate planning and organize national government services
across multiple ​local government units (LGUs). Most national government offices
provide services through their regional branches instead of having direct provincial
or city offices. These regional offices are usually (but not always) located in the city
designated as the regional center.

PROVINCE

The Provinces of the Philippines (​Filipino​: Mga Lalawigan ng Pilipinas/Mga Probinsya

ng Pilipinas) are the primary political and ​administrative divisions of the ​Philippines​.
There are 81 provinces at present, further subdivided into ​component cities and
municipalities​. The ​National Capital Region​, as well as ​independent cities​, are
independent of any provincial government. Each province is governed by an elected
legislature​ called the S
​ angguniang Panlalawigan​ and by an elected ​governor​.

MUN​ICIPALITIES
The municipalities in the Philippines total 1,489 in all. A municipality is created
by an Act of Congress subject to the approval of the majority of the affected
electorate in a plebiscite. The requisites for its creation are the following:

· an average annual income of at least ​2.5 million Philippine pesos (₱2.5 M)

for the last two (2) consecutive years;

· a population of at least 25,000; and

· a contiguous territory of at least 50 square kilometers.

The elected officials of the municipal government are the Mayor who is the chief

executive, the Vice-Mayor, and the ​Sangguniang Bayan members. There are also

appointive officials in charge of the various offices in the municipal government.

CITIES
Cities in the Philippines are classified into highly urbanized cities, or component
cities. All totaling thirty-three (33), the highly urbanized cities (HUCs) have a
minimum population of 200,000 and an annual income of at least ​fifty million
Philippine pesos (₱50 M). Those cities that do not meet the above requirements are
the component cities. The component cities are considered part of the ​province
where they are located. However, there are also cities that are further classified as
independent component cities. Their charters prohibit their voters from voting for
elective provincial officials and they are independent of the provinces where they are
located. There are 107 component cities and only five (5) independent component
cities in the Philippines. The latter category are ​Dagupan in Pangasinan, ​Naga in
Camarines Sur, O
​ rmoc​ in Leyte, ​Santiago​ in Isabela, and ​Cotabato City​.

A component city is created by an Act of Congress and duly ratified by the affected
voting population in a plebiscite. The requisites for its creation are an average
annual income of at least ​twenty million Philippine pesos (₱20 M) for the last two (2)
consecutive years, and either of the following:

● a contiguous territory of at least 100 square kilometers, or

● a minimum population of 150,000

As regards a highly urbanized city, only the President can declare its creation subject
to the approval of the majority of the affected electorate in a plebiscite.

The elected officials of the city government are the Mayor who is the chief executive,
the Vice-Mayor, and the S
​ angguniang Panlungsod members. There are also
appointive officials in charge of the various offices in the city government.
Classifications of Cities

Highly Urbanized Cities are local government units autonomous from

provinces that have a minimum population of 200,000 and an annual income of at
least ₱
​ ​ 50 million (in 1991 constant prices).
Independent Component Cities are cities outside of provincial jurisdiction
(although some are allowed to participate in the election of provincial officials) that
have not yet attained the 'highly urbanized' status, while
 Component Cities are those under a province's jurisdiction.​[1] In addition,
each city is classified into six income brackets according to income in a four-year
period. For instance, First Class cities have an income of ₱ 400 Million or more, while
Sixth Class cities earn less than ₱ 80 Million in a four-year period.
Each city is governed by both the ​Local Government Code of 1991​[2] and the city's
own m
​ unicipal charter​, under the laws of the Republic of the Philippines.

BARANGAY
The barangay is the smallest political unit in the ​Philippines​. Each ​municipality
or ​city​ is therefore made up of barangays.

The barangay government unit is composed of elective officials called the P

​ unong
Barangay who is the chief executive, the S
​ angguniang Barangay members, also
called ​Kagawad​s, and the S
​ angguniang Kabataan Chairman​. The appointed officials
are the barangay Secretary, the barangay Treasurer, the members of the ​Lupong
Tagapamayapa​, and the barangay T
​ anod​s.

The primary requisite for the creation of a barangay is a population of at least 2,000.
But for highly urbanized cities, a minimum of 5,000 inhabitants is required. The
creation of a barangay is done by law or an ordinance of the ​Sangguniang
Panlalawigan or ​Sangguniang Panlungsod​, and has to be ratified by the affected
voting population through a plebiscite.
 Regions in the Philippines
NAME DESCRIPTION CITIES PROVINCES
● It is the country’s only Baguio City & Abra, Apayao,
land-locked region. It Tabuk City Bengeut, Ifugao,
is also the home for Kalinga, Mountain
the numerous tribes Province, and
collectively called the Baguio- the
CAR (Cordillera Igorot. The region regional center.
Administrative encompasses most of
Region) the areas within the
Cordillera Central
Mountains of Luzon,
the largest mountain
range in the country.

● It is also known as Caloocan City

Metro Manila. It is Las Piñas City
political, economic, Makati City
social, cultural, and Malabon City
educational center of Mandaluyong City
the Philippines. It is​ ​the Manila City
Marikina City
most populous of the
NCR (National Muntinlupa City
twelve defined
Capital Region) Navotas City
metropolitan areas in
Parañaque City
the Philippines and the Pasay City
11th most populous in Pasig City
the world. Quezon City
San Juan City
Taguig City
Valenzuela City

● It is located in the Batac City Ilocos Norte,

northwest of Luzon. It Laoag City Ilocos Sur,
borders to the east the Candon City Pangasinan
regions of the Vigan City La Union- the
Cordillera San Fernando City regional center is
Administrative Region Alaminos City in San Francisco.
Region 1 (Ilocos Dagupan City
Region) and Cagayan Valley,
San Carlos City
and to the south of the
Urdaneta City
Central Luzon. Located
on its west is the South
China Sea.
 ● It is the largest region Tuguegarao City Batanes
in the Philippines with Cauayan City Cagayan
regards to the land Ilagan City Isabela
area. ​ ​Most of the Santiago City Nueva Vizcaya
region lies in a large and
valley in northeastern Quirino
Luzon, between the
Cordilleras and the
Sierra Madre mountain
ranges. The Cagayan
River, the country’s
Region 2 longest, runs through
(Cagayan Valley) its center and flows
out to Luzon Strait in
the north, in the town
of Aparri, Cagayan.
The Babuyan and
Batanes island groups
that lie in the Luzon
Strait belong to the
region.

● It was created to Balanga City Aurora, Bataan,

organize the 7 Malolos City Bulacan, Nueva
provinces of the vast Meycauayan City Ecija, Pampanga,
central plain of the San Jose del Monte Tarlac, and
island of Luzon (the City Zambales
largest island), for Cabanatuan City
Gapan City
Region 3 (Central administrative
Muñoz City
Luzon) convenience. It is
Palayan City
known as the Rice
Angeles City
Granary of the Mabalacat City
Philippines. San Fernando City
Tarlac City
Olongapo City

● CALABARZON is Batangas City Cavite, Laguna,

composed by the Lipa City Batangas, Rizal,
provinces of Cavite, Tanauan City and Quezon
Laguna, Batangas, Bacoor City
Region 4A
Rizal, and Quezon; the Cavite City
(CALABARZON)
acronym is derived Dasmariñas City
Imus City
from the first two
Tagaytay City
letters of every
Trece Martires City
 province that Biñan City
composes it.​ ​Located in Cabuyao City
south western Luzon, San Pablo City
just south and east of Santa Rosa City
Metro Manila and is the Lucena City
second most densely Tayabas City
populated region. Antipolo City
Calamba City

● It is an administrative Calapan City Occidental

region of the Puerto Princesa Mindoro
Philippines. Also, it is City Oriental Mindoro
one of two regions Marinduque
having no land border. Romblon
Its name is an Palawan
acronym combining the
names of the names of
Region 4B its provinces, which
(Cagayan Valley) are Occidental
Mindoro, Oriental
Mindoro, Marinduque,
Romblon, and
Palawan. And it is
more formally known
as Southern Tagalog
Islands.

● It is also known as Legazpi City Albay

Bicolandia. It is Ligao City Camarines Norte
composed of four Tabaco City Camarines Sur
provinces in the Bicol Iriga City Sorsogon
Peninsula, the Naga City The
southeastern end of Masbate City island-provinces of
Region 5 (Bicol Sorsogon City Catanduanes and
Region) Luzon Island, and two
Masbate
island-provinces
adjacent to the
peninsula. Its regional
center is Legazpi City
in Albay province

● It consists of the ​Roxas City Aklan, Antique,

Islands of Western Iloilo City Negros
Visayas. Passi City Occidental, Capiz,
Region 6 (Western
. Bacolod City Guimaras and
Visayas)
Bago City Iloilo.
Cadiz City
Escalante City
 Himamaylan City
Kabankalan City
La Carlota City
Sagay City
San Carlos City
Silay City
Sipalay City
Talisay City
Victorias City

● It is a region of the Tagbilaran City Bohol, Cebu,

Philippines located in Bogo City Negros Oriental,
the central part of the Carcar City Siquijor
Visayas island group. Cebu City
Danao City
Lapu-Lapu City
Mandaue City
Region 7 (Central Naga City
Visayas) Talisay City
Bais City
Bayawan City
Canlaon City
Dumaguete City
Guihulngan City
Tanjay City

● It is one of the two Borongan City Biliran, Eastern

regions of the Baybay City Samar, Leyte,
Philippines having no Ormoc City Northern Samar,
land border with Tacloban City Samar, Southern
another region, Calbayog City Leyte.
MIMAROPA being the Catbalogan City
Region 8 Maasin City
other. It is composed
(Eastern Visayas) of two main islands,
Leyte and Samar,
connected by the
famous San Juanico
Bridge. It directly faces
the Pacific Ocean.

● It is a peninsula and Isabela City Zamboanga del

an administrative Dapitan City Norte,
Region 9 region in the Dipolog City Zamboanga del Sur
(Zamboanga Philippines. It was Pagadian City Zamboanga Sibugay
Peninsula) previously known Zamboanga City
as Western Mindanao
 ● A region of the Malaybalay City
Philippines, composed Valencia City
of five provinces and Iligan City
two cities classified as Oroquieta City
Region 10 highly-urbanized, all Ozamiz City
(Northern occupying the Tangub City
Mindanao) north-central part of
Cagayan de Oro City
El Salvador City
Mindanao island, and
Gingoog City
the island-province of
Camiguin

● It is also known as Panabo City Compostela Valley,

Southern Mindanao, Samal City Davao del Norte,
designated as Region Tagum City Davao Oriental,
XI,is one of the Davao City Davao del Sur
regions of the Digos City
Philippines, located on Mati City
the southeastern
Region 11 portion of Mindanao.
(Davao Region) The region encloses
the Davao Gulf and its
regional center is
Davao City. Davao is
the Hispanicized
pronunciation
of daba-daba, the
Bagobo word for “fire”

● The name is an Kidapawan City South Cotabato,

acronym that stands Cotabato City Cotabato, Sultan
for the region’s four General Santos Kudarat,
provinces and one of City Sarangani
its cities: South Koronadal City General Santos
Cotabato, Cotabato, Tacurong City City

Region 12 Sultan Kudarat,

(​SOCCSKSARGEN) Sarangani and General
Santos City. The
region is more formally
known by its older
name Central
Mindanao.

● Caraga is an ​Butuan City Agusan del Norte,

administrative region Cabadbaran City Agusan del Sur,
Region 13
of the Philippines, on Bayugan City Surigao del Norte,
(Caraga Region)
the northeastern Surigao City Surigao del Sur
Bislig City Dinagat Islands
 portion of the island of Tandag City
Mindanao, also called
Region XIII

● The only region in the Basilan

Philippines with its Lanao del Sur,
own government. The Maguindanao,
regional capital is at Sulu
ARMM the Cotabato City even Tawi-Tawi
(Autonomous though this city is
Region in Muslim located outside of its
Mindanao) jurisdiction.