Report of CZMP

COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN OF KERALA (CZMP)
REPORT
(As per CRZ Notification 2011)
Prepared for
Kerala Coastal Zone Management Authority (KCZMA)
Directorate of Environment and Climate Change
Prepared by
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR EARTH SCIENCE STUDIES

Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India
December, 2018
COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN OF KERALA (CZMP)
REPORT
(As per CRZ Notification 2011)
Prepared for
Kerala Coastal Zone Management Authority (KCZMA)
Directorate of Environment and Climate Change
Prepared by
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR EARTH SCIENCE STUDIES

Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India
December, 2018
Contents
Page No
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) Planning Process 1
1.2 Purpose and Scope of CZMPs 2
1.3 Generation of Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) 2
2 The State of Kerala 4
2.1 Demography and Socio Economic Activities 5
2.2 Coastal Geomorphology and Ecosystem 5
2.3 Marine Fishery Resources 6
3 CRZ for the State of Kerala 6
4 Setback Lines and CRZ Categories. 7
4.1 High Tide Line 7
4.2 Low Tide Line 8
4.3 Setback lines 8
4.4 CRZ Categories 8
4.4.1 CRZ I 9
4.4.2 CRZ II 9
4.4.3 CRZ III 10
4.4.4 CRZ IV 10
4.4.5 CRZ V 10
4.5 Demarcation of High Tide Line and Low Tide Line 11
a Landward (monsoonal) berm crest for beaches 12
b Seawall/revetments/embankments 12
c Permanent Vegetation Line 12
d Tidal flats and mudflats 13
e Rocks, Headlands, Cliffs 13
f Coastal Sand dunes 13
g Mangroves 13
4.5.1 Influence of Tidal Action 14
5 Methodology for the Preparation of CZMP 14
6 CRZ Categories of Kerala 15
7 Coastal Land-use of Kerala 29
7.1 Methodology 29
7.2 Land-use Classes 29
Annexure
I Local bodies Under CRZ 31

II Tidal limit of various tide influenced waterbodies 34
III List of Villages under CRZ 36
IV CRZ Categories Village wise 45
V Coastal Land use Taluk wise 60
VI Comparison of Kerala CZMP 1996 & draft CZMP 62
1. Introduction
The ecosystems along the coast of Kerala form rich ecological wealth which sustain the
environmental health of the coastal zone and livelihood of the fisher folks and other local
inhabitants. The various private and public, legal and illegal, development schemes have
influenced large scale modifications and damages to coastal morphology and ecosystems
by way of reclamation of tidal flats, destruction of mangroves, leveling of sand dunes,
mining of beach sand, construction activities for settlement, establishment of industries,
dumping of waste and discharge of pollutants. It is quite natural that the urban sprawl that
happened in the last few decades is mostly along the coast, where the access to resources
is easier.
The rapidly changing land use due to the immense pressure for development in the coastal
zone has adversely affected the coastal ecosystems, coastal morphology and livelihood
resources of the coastal areas. One of the most cost-effective long-term solutions to
control various ecologically destructive activities in the endangered coastal zone, is to set
aside spatial buffers around coastal ecosystems.
1.1. Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) Planning Process
The landmark Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, which was first issued on 19th
February 1991, has been the most important legislative instrument in the country for
coastal governance by considering the livelihood of fisherman and local people residing
along the coast. The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC),
Government of India has issued the new CRZ Notification in January 2011under Section
3(1) and Section 3(2)(v) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rule5(3)(d) of
Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 in supersession of CRZ 1991 except as respect to
things done or omitted to be done before such supersession.
All developmental activities in the CRZ are regulated through the CRZ Notification.
Accordingly the CRZ has been declared as ‘the coastal stretches of the country and the
water area up to its territorial water limit’. The Coastal Regulation Zone Notification
(MoEF&CC, 2011; 1991) which provides buffer zones in the coastal area is being used as
the best tool to control, minimize and protect environmental damages to sensitive coastal
stretches from unplanned human interference. Thus the CRZ Notification promote
Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |1

development through sustainable manner based on scientific principles taking into account
the dangers of natural hazards in the coastal areas and sea level rise due to global
warming.
1.2. Purpose and Scope of CZMPs
The Coastal Zone Management Plans proposes a spatial planning framework for
development by providing setbacks around sensitive eco-zones restricting development
and other activities close to it. Setbacks require specific reference lines and boundaries for
its meaningful implementation. The High Tide Line (HTL) forms the cardinal reference
line for determining the setbacks for CRZ. The 100, 200 and 500m CRZ lines landward
from the HTL are the landward setback lines. The Low Tide Line (LTL) and the
Territorial water boundary (12 NM) form the setback lines towards the sea.
The CZMP has to be prepared in two scales (1:25,000 and 1:4000) in accordance with the
guidelines given in Annexure-1 of CRZ notification 2011. The CZMP in 1:25000 scale
with Survey of India Toposheets as base maps are required for formulating policy
decisions. These are to be submitted to MoEF& CC, Govt of India for approval after
stakeholder/public consultations. The local level CZMP are prepared in 1:4000 with
cadastral base maps and based on the approved CZMP. This local level CZM maps are for
the use of local bodies and other agencies to facilitate the implementation of Coastal Zone
Management Plans.
1.3. Generation of Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP)
Management of coastal ecosystems through CRZ requires identification and mapping of

the regulation lines and the spatial extent of the ecosystems and morphologies in
appropriate scales. Implementation and enforcement of the provisions of CRZ on the
ground require extensive coastal mapping and constant monitoring. The Government of
Kerala entrusted National Centre for Earth Science Studies (NCESS), Ministry of Earth
Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram for the preparation of Coastal Zone Management Plan for
the State of Kerala following the guidelines in CRZ Notification – 2011. National Centre
for Earth Science Studies is an agency authorized by Ministry of Environment, Forests and
Climate Change, Government of India to demarcate High Tide Line and Coastal
morphologies to prepare the Coastal Zone Management Plan.

Following the guidelines given in the Annexure-1 of CRZ Notification 2011, the National
Centre for Earth Science Studies demarcated the High Tide Line along the seacoast and
along the tide influenced water bodies in the State of Kerala. All the required information
in the CZMP was collated including the mapping of Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs).
The MoEF&CC directed the NCESS to submit the HTL to the National Centre for
Sustainable Coastal management (NCSCM), an institution under MoEF&CC for
verification and vetting of HTL and ESAs to bring uniformity in CZMP preparation across
the institutions involved in the process. The NCSCM verified and vetted the HTL/ESAs
and was transmitted to NCESS in order to prepare the draft CZMP. The district-wise draft
CZMPs along with reports were submitted to the Kerala Coastal Zone Management
Authority (KCZMA), Directorate of Environment and Climate Change, Government of
Kerala for the consideration and to follow up the procedures such as public consultation.
The draft CZMP maps were published in KCZMA website and the hardcopies were
submitted to the respective local administrative units.
As per the guidelines for the preparation of CZMP given in Annexure I, Paragraph IV of
CRZ Notification 2011, Public hearing was conducted in accordance with Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 for inviting complaints/suggestions/objections/remarks on the draft
CZMP. District-wise public hearings were conducted at the collectorate with collectors
presiding the public hearing process.
During the time of conducting public hearing, the Hon’ble High Court of Kerala, directed
KCZMA that the draft CZMP has to be made available to public in 1:4000 scale so that
the stakeholders will get more clarity on the location in the CZMP. Accordingly, NCESS
prepared the draft CZMP for each district in 1:4000 scale with cadastral information and
the same was published in the KCZMA/Government website. The draft CZMPs (hard
copies) were submitted to respective Local Bodies under CRZ. The public hearing was
conducted for each district after publishing the draft CZMP by giving a minimum period
of 30 days for the public/stakeholders to view the maps and make their
complaints/objections and suggestions.
The public and other stakeholders submitted their suggestions and objections on the draft
CZMP at the time of public hearing as well as they have been given a time period of 14
days to submit the same in writing. The KCZMA with the assistance of NCESS has gone

through each of the suggestions and objections received on CZMP. The remarks were
prepared on a case to case basis and werepresented before the Technical Scrutiny
Committee constituted by the MoEF&CCto scrutinize the draft CZMP under the
chairmanship of Dr. Shailesh Nayak. According to the committee’s recommendations
appropriate modifications were incorporated in the CZMP and re-submitted to KCZMA
for approval and onward transmission to NCSCM.
The sitting of the 2nd Technical Scrutiny Committee (dated 31st July 2018) recommended
framing the CZMP maps in identical layout with uniform colour code for each of the CRZ
categories as provided by NCSCM to make the CZMP even throughout the coastal States
of India. Similarly the 4th Technical Scrutiny Committee (dated 12th October 2018) also
suggested preparing a separate Coastal Landuse Map for the CRZ areas in 1:25,000 scale
with Level 2 classification.
The draft CZMP and draft Coastal Landuse maps scrutinized by the Committee have been
submitted to the Government of Kerala after verification by KCZMA. The Government of
Kerala recommended the draft CZMP to MoEF for approval.
2. The State of Kerala
Kerala, the Gods own Country lies between the high ranges of the Western Ghats in the
east and the Arabian Sea (Lakshadweep Sea) in the west located between latitudes
8°17'30"N and 12°47'40"N and the longitudes, 74°27'47"E and 77°37'12"E. It has an area
of 38,863 sq.km. The total population of Kerala is 33,387,677 (as per 2011 census) with a
density of 859 per sq km. The average population density of coastal area is 2150 per sq
km.
The coastline length of Kerala is about 588 km. Kerala is rich in rivers and backwaters
with 44 rivers (41 west flowing and 3 east flowing) cut across Kerala with their numerous
tributaries. The backwaters form an attractive and economically valuable and ecologically
significant feature of Kerala.
Kerala State has fourteen districts of which 9 districts has sea coast on its west. There are
941 Grama Panchayats, 152 Block Panchayats, 14 District Panchayats, 87 Municipalities
and 6 Corporations.

2.1. Demography and Socio Economic Activities
The State of Kerala accounts for 2.8% of India’s population but the economy contributes
nearly 4% of the Indian economy. The fisherman population of India is around 3.1 percent
of the State population and reside in about 222 marine fishing villages and about 113
inland fishing villages. The density of population in the coastal area is 2168 persons per
km2. The various sectors such as agriculture cash crop production, animal husbandry,
aquaculture, fisheries, micro enterprises and large scale industries, tourism etc. play
important role in the economy of Kerala.
2.2. Coastal Geomorphology and Ecosystem
The shoreline of Kerala is generally straight, trending NNW-SSE, with minor variations.
The various coastal geomorphological units are beaches, beach cliffs, stacks, islands, shore
platforms, spits, bars, beach ridges, estuaries, lagoons, mudflats, tidal flats and deltaic
plains. The beaches are mostly sandy and dynamic in nature. Throughout the coast exist
narrow stretch of beach except in cliff areas. In areas like Kovalam, Vizhinjam, Varkala,
Ezhimala, Bekal etc the headland directly contact with the sea where the wave break
occurs along the foot of lateritic cliff. The height of the cliff may be of 20 m or more. In
some coast having cliffs, there are numerous stacks protruding out of the sea in nearshore
as well as in offshore regions. These stacks are the vestiges left behind after an island or
head land portion which has been eroded out or still receding. Around Mahe and
Thalassery, these stacks are found aligned nearly parallel to the coast. In lateritic coast
offshore islands are observed in certain locations. The Green Island located in the offshore
of Thalassery coast is such an island and was continuous with the mainland by a string of
stacks. The constant wave attack on the neck portion resulted discontinuity of the stacks
and becomes an island. The coastal wetlands, backwaters and estuaries along the coast of
Kerala are rich, biologically and ecologically diverse as well as economically significant
ecosystems which plays important role in livelihood of people. The major backwaters in
Kerala are Vembanad, Ashtamudi, Kayamkulam, Akkulam, Kadinamkulam,
Anchuthengu, Edava Nadayara, Paravur, Vattakayal, Chettuva, and Valiyaparamba.

2.3. Marine Fishery Resources
Kerala is one of the prominent maritime States in India and is blessed with most
productive portion of Arabian Sea with a continental shelf area of 39,139 Sq km. Many
commercially important finfishes and crustaceans form the high value fish species. The
projected value of total fish production from Kerala comes to 706.882 MT by 2019-20.
Over exploitation is one of the major threat in marine fishery resources. If the rich
underexploited demersal and pelagic resources are utilized effectively, Kerala can brag the
top position in total fish production and also contribute fruitfully towards the economic
development of the State. According to the available estimates of potential fishery
resources of the West Coast, particularly in the south-west coasts, Kerala possesses the
richest fishing grounds in the region.
3. CRZ for the State of Kerala
CRZ (2011) Notification (para 7 (V) A(ii)) has approved a special status for Kerala coastal
zone as “areas requiring special consideration for the purpose of protecting the critical
coastal environment and difficulties faced by local communities”.
1. To facilitate the above requirement, provisions are provided in the notification to have
the CRZ of Kerala to be categorized under Category V (CRZ V).
2. While detailing the ‘Norms for regulation of activities permissible under this
notification it is mentioned under (para 8 (V) 2) that in view of the unique coastal
systems of backwater islands along with space limitations along the coast of Kerala,
the following activities are regulated in CRZ:
(i) All the islands in the backwaters of Kerala shall be covered under the CRZ
Notification;
(ii) The islands within the backwaters shall have 50mts width from the High Tide
Line on the landward side as the CRZ area;
(iii)Within 50mts from the HTL of these backwater islands existing dwelling units
of local communities may be repaired or reconstructed however no new
construction shall be permitted;

(iv) Beyond 50mts from the HTL on the landward side of backwater islands,
dwelling units of local communities may be constructed with the prior
permission of the Grama panchayat;
(v) Foreshore facilities such as fishing jetty, fish drying yards, net mending yard,
fishing processing by traditional methods, boat building yards, ice plant, boat
repairs and the like, may be taken up within 50mts width from HTL of these
backwater islands.
3. Under ‘Guidelines for preparation of Coastal Zone Management Plans’ in Annexure

I(II)12, it has been directed that ‘In the CRZ V areas the land-use map shall be
superimposed on the Coastal Zone Management Plan and clearly demarcating the
CRZ I, II, III, IV’.
4. The fisher people are confined to a very narrow stretch of 50 to 100m from the High
Tide Line (HTL) and belong to ‘ecosystem people’ who require the coastal zone for
their settlement requirements and livelihood related activities. Considering the
livelihood requirements of the ecosystem people, the high density of coastal
population, unique style of their livelihood activities, the CZMP has to project the
various requirements to address the difficulties faced by local communities.
4. Setback Lines and CRZ Categories.
The Coastal Zone Management Plan of Kerala was prepared based on the guidelines given
in the Annexure I of CRZ Notification 2011.
4.1. High Tide Line
Different tide levels like Mean High Water Springs, Mean Low Water Springs, Lowest
Astronomical Tide, etc are defined and successfully used for navigational purposes and
sea surveying. The High Tide Level is dependent on lunar cycles. It is normally taken as
the water level at which the high tide intersects with the vertical plane.
The above definition is not commensurate with the objectives of demarcating the HTL
which is to regulate the activities on the land. The experience of Naval Hydrographer
while demarcating the HTL in Goa way back in 1992-93 brought out the limitations in
assigning the usual definitions for the HTL (Menon, 1993). The HTL demarcated in this
case for Goa was found to be in the sea during the next monsoon.
A functional HTL is defined in the CRZ notification with the sole objective of protecting a
given stretch of coastal strip from environmental degradation. Hence an approach different
from the ones followed for navigational purpose, is necessary for demarcating HTL, in
tune with the definition given in the Notification.
The HTL is defined ‘for the purpose of the notification’ as “the line on the land upto
which the highest waterline reaches during the spring tide” which is different from the
well-known and widely accepted definition of High Tide Level. The above definition of
HTL takes into consideration not only the level of inundation due to maximum tide (spring
tide) but also the wave set up (having a seasonal periodicity). The sea level thus formed
due to the combined effect of spring tide and wave set up gives the line of maximum reach
of water on the land. There is a similarity between the HTL thus defined and the High
Water Line (HWL) given in Survey of India (SoI) toposheets. Both are lines drawn on the
land. But the HWL and HTL are different that the former gives the fair season shoreline
(because SoI field mapping is conducted during non-rainy season) during spring tide while
the latter accommodates the rough season (monsoon) shoreline oscillations due to
monsoon wave set up in addition to spring tide inundation.
4.2. Low Tide Line
Unlike the HTL the Low Tide Line (LTL) has not been defined for CRZ. The
conventional definition of lowest low water level and the resultant low water line during
spring tide may be taken as the LTL.
4.3. Setback lines
The 100, 200 and 500m setback lines are drawn landward of the HTL. Once the HTL is
well defined and demarcated, the above 3 setback lines could be drawn without any
ambiguity following planimetric methods.
4.4. CRZ Categories
The CRZ Notification - 2011 categorizes Coastal Regulation Zones as CRZ I, CRZ II,
CRZ III and CRZ IV based on whether the area is ecologically sensitive, developed,
undeveloped or water body and its bed.

4.4.1. CRZ I
The CRZ I has two classes CRZ IA and CRZ IB.
CRZ IA : The areas that are ecologically sensitive and the geomorphological features
which play a role in the maintaining the integrity of the coast.
a. Mangroves, in case mangrove area is more than 1000 sq mts, a buffer of 50 meters
along the mangroves shall be provided.
b. Corals and coral reefs and associated biodiversity
c. Sand Dunes
d. Mudflats which are biologically active.
e. National parks, marine parks, sanctuaries, reserve forests, wildlife habitats and
other protected areas under the provisions of Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53
of 1972), the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (69 of 1980) or Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986); including Biosphere Reserves.
f. Salt Marshes
g. Turtle nesting grounds
h. Sea grass beds
CRZ IB: The area between Low Tide Line and High Tide Line. The inter tidal areas such
as tidal flats, beaches, aquaculture/pokkali fields, Saltpans forms CRZ IB.
4.4.2. CRZ II
The CRZ landward of HTL in areas that have been developed up to or close to the
shoreline.
For the purposes of the expression “developed area” is referred to as that area
within the existing municipal limits or in other existing legally designated urban areas
which are substantially built-up and has been provided with drainage and approach roads
and other infrastructural facilities, such as water supply and sewerage mains.

4.4.3. CRZ III
The CRZ landward of HTL in areas that were relatively undisturbed and those do not
belong to either CRZ-I or CRZ II which include coastal zone in the rural areas (developed
and undeveloped) and also within municipal limits or in other legally designated urban
areas, which are not substantially built up.
4.4.4. CRZ IV
The CRZ IV is further categorized into CRZ IV A and CRZ IVB.
CRZ IVA is the water area from the Low Tide Line to twelve nautical miles on the
seaward side.
CRZ IV B is the water area of the tidal influenced water body from the mouth of the
water body at the sea upto the influence of tide which is measured as five parts per
thousand during the driest season of the year.
4.4.5. CRZ V
The CRZ V is the areas requiring special consideration for the purpose of protecting the
critical coastal environment and difficulties faced by local communities. The CRZ V is
further categorized in to CRZ VA and CRZ V B.
CRZ VA (i) is the CRZ area falling within municipal limits of Greater Mumbai.
(ii) The CRZ areas of Kerala including the backwaters and backwater islands.
(iii) The CRZ area of Goa.
CRZ VB is the Critically Vulnerable Coastal Areas (CVCA) such as Sunderbans region of
West Bengal and other ecologically sensitive areas identified under Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 and managed with the involvement of coastal communities
including fisherfolk.
C o a s t a l Z o n e M a n a g e m e n t P l a n o f K e r a l a | 10
4.5. Demarcation of High Tide Line and Low Tide Line
The highest level horizontal positional and spatial accuracy in mapping and presenting the
HTL becomes necessary for field uses by CRZ implementing agencies. The agencies are
looking for a planimetric accuracy approaching zero error. The different approaches now
practiced in the country to demarcate the HTL are Tide level projection, using
morphological signatures observed in the field as well as form the high resolution satellite
imageries. NCESS follows the approach using morphological signatures as per the
guidelines mentioned in the Annexure I of CRZ Notification 2011. The coastal
morphological signatures are collected by field work as well as from the satellite
imageries.
Morphological signatures are good indicators of shoreline oscillation and inundation of

coastal waters, which could be used for identifying the HTL. The inundation of coastal
waters on to the land and seasonal shoreline oscillations are dependent on coastal
morphology. Shoreline remains stable and would not retreat significantly along cliffy
coasts. The shoreline retreats up to the cliff base along pocket beaches. Artificial
morphologies like seawalls confine the oscillation of shoreline along the line of the
structure itself. Sandy beaches are prone to seasonal and long term shoreline oscillation.
Long term stability of the beach and the position of the stable part of the beach would be
evident from morphological signatures such as berm and berm crest. This could be done
by field methods and using combination of spatial data sources including satellite data.
The HTL has to be fixed with respect to certain reference points on the land. These
reference points at sufficiently close intervals (preferably at least 1km along shore) have to
be marked with respect to latitude-longitude and known points in the base map.
Geomorphologic features like berm crest, cliff, headland, line of permanent vegetation, etc
are indicators of the reach of sea water into the land. Stable coastal protective structures
like seawall also limit the intrusion of seawater. Hence High Tide Line (line of maximum
reach of seawater into the land during spring tide) can be fixed in the field, with respect to
these features and tied to the reference points, as detailed below.
a. Landward (monsoonal) berm crest for beaches
In all the well-formed wide beaches, one or more berms (which are nearly horizontal part
of the beach formed by the deposition of sand by wave action) are usually observed. The
seaward end of the berm, which shows a sudden downward slope is called the berm crest.
When there is only one berm, it normally gets eroded during the monsoon with a berm
crest on the landward side. But when there are two berms the landward berm is the
monsoonal berm, which normally do not get eroded. Or else we can say that the erosion
reaches only to the second berm crest. Since the tidal waters do not reach the coast beyond
this landward berm crest, it is taken as the HTL. The distance to this point from the
reference point is measured using the beach profile to fix the position of the HTL.
b. Seawall/revetments/embankments
In highly erosion-prone areas, there are no landward second berms. Such locations will be
protected mostly by seawalls. During monsoon season majority of these places are devoid
of beaches. The waves impinge upon the seawall during the monsoon season, especially
during the high tide. Thus they are the artificial barriers stopping the waves/tides at the
coast. Since the seaward part of the seawall in most cases is defaced due to erosion, the
landward toe is taken as the HTL boundary in such locations. There are some locations
with two or three lines of seawall, particularly in the accreting areas. The seaward seawall
is considered here for the purpose. On the other extreme, in the case of continuously
eroding sites there are lines of sea wall which are now in the sea. In such cases the
landward seawall is taken. In order to facilitate the demarcation of HTL at seawall
locations, the latter has to be clearly marked in the beach profile during coastal surveys.
c. Permanent Vegetation Line
Permanent vegetation develops on the stable part of the beach. There are several locations
along Kerala coast, which has only one berm and the beaches undergo severe erosion
during the monsoon, and yet not protected by seawalls. In such cases, permanent
vegetation, particularly well grown coconut trees, which are the main vegetation species
prevalent all along the coast, is used as an indicator. The part of the beach landward of
monsoon berm crest, which is mostly stable and the line of permanent vegetation normally
follows the line of monsoon berm crest which is the HTL.
d. Tidal flats and mudflats
Tidal flats and mud flats are formed by fine-grained silts and clays in a medium to large
tidal environment. They have a fairly large intertidal zone fringed by vegetation. In such
cases the landward limit of HTL can be demarcated as the line of permanent vegetation
other than salt marsh vegetation and mangroves of intertidal habitat. Other geomorphic
signatures like changes in land forms & sediment characteristics can also be used.
e. Rocks, Headlands, Cliffs
At the rock outcrops, headlands and cliffs the water is quite deep that there is virtually no
spatial displacement in the waterline. Hence, the High Water Line available in the
topographical maps (transferred to the base map) can be taken as such. However, at the
eroding laterite cliffs (e.g. Varkala, Paravoor, Thalassery in Kerala), the latest position of
the toe is taken from the cross section measured at the respective sites. This is to be
verified against the satellite imagery and transferred to the base map.
f. Coastal Sand dunes
Coastal sand dunes are the ridges, which are small topographical features of marine origin,
composed of sand, deposited possibly of a period by aeolian action or when the sea level
was higher and the shoreline was occupying a portion much inward than that at present.
The sand dunes protect the inland areas from storm surges, hurricanes and other wind
action that can damage property.
g. Mangroves
Mangroves are the highly productive ecological resources of tropical coast. Mangroves are
mostly distributed along the banks and tidal flats of rivers/creeks/estuaries and other tide
influenced waterbodies. Locations where mangroves are present along the bank of tide
influenced water bodies, the landward of the mangrove vegetation has been considered as
the HTL.
4.5.1. Influence of Tidal Action
The distance up to which CRZ is applicable upstream of estuaries, creeks, backwaters and
lagoons depends on the extent of tidal influence. The distance up to which tidal influence
is experienced is dependent on salinity concentration: if it is 5 ppt or more the water body
is considered to be influenced by tidal action (MoEF, 2011). Salinity measurements are
carried out to determine the tidal limit. Tidal barrages and bunds constructed are also taken
as the limit of tidal influence. Salinity measurements have been carried out to determine
the upstream boundary of CRZ along rivers and canals during March to May 2012-2014.
The CRZ upstream limit of Rivers, canals and thodu is fixed based on salinity
concentration. The tidal limit of various tide influenced waterbodies is given in Annexure
II.
5. Methodology for the Preparation of CZMP
The CRZ map in 1:25000 is prepared with Survey of India toposheets as base maps. These
toposheets being of the coastal area, are restricted and hence have to be procured through
proper channel following specified procedures and after giving statutory undertakings to
ensure authorized use and safe custody. Toposheets of the area of study are georeferenced
and the High Water Line (HWL) in the toposheets have been extracted along with other
coastal features like waterbodies, inter tidal zones, mudflats, beaches, mangroves, pokali
fields, prawn-aqua farms, etc. The HWL is updated with current field measurements and
satellite imageries to get the present HTL. Field measurements were made in 1:4000 scale
for better accuracy and compatibility with large scale local level CZMP. After finalizing
the HTL, different setbacks lines are defined with respect to the cardinal reference, the
HTL.
The classification of different coastal zones have been done as per the CRZ Notification
2011. The various administrative units such as village, Grama Panchayat, Taluk and
District boundaries and the major infrastructures such as lighthouse road, railway lines,
bridges etc and coastal protection structure such as seawall, groins and breakwaters were
superimposed in the map.The CZMP was compared with the approved CZMP (1996) of
the State prepared based on the CRZ Notification 1991. The variations of present HTL
from that of CZMP (1996) is verified and documented. The probable reasons and
justification were provided for the variations in HTL wherever possible.
6. CRZ Categories of Kerala
Kerala State has fourteen Districts of which ten Districts are under purview of CRZ. Under
the Panchayati Raj system, the State consists of 941 Grama Panchayats, 87 Municipalities
and 6 Municipal Corporations. Of these 245 Panchayats, 36 Municipalities and 5
Municipal Corporations are within the influence of CRZ. The State of Kerala has 21
Revenue Divisions 1453 Revenue Villages under 63 Taluks. The total number of villages
under the influence of CRZ is 404 distributed over 32 Taluks.
As per the guidelines of the CZMP preparation, there are seventy six 7.5'X7.5' map frames
of 1:25000 scale numbered as per SoI Toposheets.The numbers of the map
framesarenumerated below.
48 L/13/SW,48 L/14/NE, 48 L/14/NW,48 L/14/SE,48 L/15/NE,48P/2/SW,48 P/3/NW,48

P/3/SE,48 P/3/SW,48 P/4/NE,48 P/4/NW,48 P/4/SE,48P/7/SW,48 P/8/SE,48
P/8/SW,49M/10/NW,49M/10/SE,49 M/10/SW,49 M/11/NE,49 M/11/NW,49 M/11/SE,49
M/15/NW,49 M/15/SW,49 M/16/NE,49 M/16/NW,49 M/16/SE,49 M/16/SW,49
M/5/NE,49 M/5/NW,49 M/5/SE,49 M/5/SW,49 M/6/NE,49 M/9/NW,49 M/9/SW,49
N/13/NE,49 N/13/NW,49 N/13/SE,49 N/14/NE,49 N/14/SE,58 B/2/SW,58 B/3/NE,58
B/3/NW,58 B/3/SE,58 B/3/SW,58 B/4/NE,58 B/4/SE,58 B/7/SW,58 B/8/NW,58
B/8/SW,58 C/1/NE,58 C/12/NW,58 C/12/SE,58 C/12/SW,58 C/5/NW,58 C/5/SE,58
C/5/SW,58 C/6/NE,58 C/6/NW,58 C/6/SW,58 C/7/NW,58 C/7/SE,58 C/7/SW,58
C/8/NE,58 C/8/SE,58 D/10/NE,58 D/14/NW,58 D/14/SE,58 D/14/SW,58 D/15/NE,58
D/15/SE,58 D/9/NE,58 D/9/NW,58 D/9/SW,58 D9 SE,58 H/3/NW and 58 H/3/SW.
The Kerala State deals with all the CRZ categories. The total length of HTL within the
State is 7596.45 km of which 584.66 km length of HTL is along the sea coast and 7011.79
km of HTL is along the rivers/backwaters and other tide influenced waterbodies. The
landward limit of CRZ along the seacoast is 500 m from the High Tide Line. The
landward limit of tide influenced waterbodies such as backwaters, rivers, its
interconnecting canals/thodu and its tributaries is 100m from the High Tide Line or width
of the waterbody, whichever is less. However, the landward limit of CRZ for the
backwater islands is 50m from HTL or the width of the waterbody, whichever is less. In
areas categorized as CRZ III, areas up to 200m from High Tide Line along the sea coast
and the CRZ landward of HTL along tide influenced waterbody are “No Development
Zone” (NDZ).
The Ecologically Sensitive Areas (CRZ IA) of the State of Kerala are the mangroves,
turtle nesting sites, community reserve (Kadalundi-Vallikkunu) and important
archaeological and heritage sites such as Forts (Chandragiri, Bekal, St. Angelo,
Thalassery, Kottayil Kovilakom and Pallipuram). A protective buffer zone of 50m is
provided around the mangrove ecosystems having an extent of 1000m2 or more.The total
extent of mangroves is 21.17 sq km. The major mangrove species observed are listed in
table 1.
Table 1. The major mangroves species in Kerala
Sl. Vernacular Name

Scientific Name Family
No (Malayalam)
1 Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. Cheru uppatti Avicenniaceae
2 Avicennia officinalis L. Uppatti, Uppootti Avicenniaceae
3 Rhizophora mucronata Lam. Pranthankandal Rhizophoraceae
4 Rhizophora apiculata Blume Vallikandal Rhizophoraceae
5 Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Savi. Penakandal Rhizophoraceae
6 Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. Swarnakandal Rhizophoraceae
7 Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume Kuttikandal Rhizophoraceae
8 Excoecaria agallocha L. Kammatti Euphorbiaceae

9 Excoecaria indica L. Kandal Euphorbiaceae
10 Sonneratia alba Sm. Nakshathrakandal Sonneratiaceae
11 Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. Chakkarakandal Sonneratiaceae
12 Ceriops tagal (Pers.) C. B. Rob. Manjakandal Rhizophoraceae
13 Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco Pookandal Myrsinaceae
14 Kandelia candel (L.) Druce Nallakandal Rhizophoraceae
15 Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. Kadakandal Combretaceae
Inter Tidal Zone (CRZ IB) includes the sandy beaches, rocky beaches, tidal flats and
pokali fields/aquaculture farms and it covers an extent of 178.18 sq km. The total extent of
No Development Zone (NDZ) is 282.82 sq km and the total extent of CRZ III between
200m and 500m CRZ Line is 81.28 sq km. The CRZ II has a total extent of 138.17 sq km.
The details of CRZ in district wise is shown in Table 2 and village wise distribution is
given in Annexure IV .
Table 2. Details of CRZ categories (district wise)
Turtle
Archaeological Rocky CRZ III
HTL HTL Mangroves Mangrove Community Nesting ITZ Pokkali CRZ
heritage Beach CRZ II NDZ b/w200m
Seacoast Creek CRZ IA Buffer Reserve Grounds CRZ IB Fields IV B
Site CRZ IA CRZ IB (km2) (km2) & 500m
(km) (km) (km2) Zone (km2) CRZ IA CRZ IA (km2) CRZ IB (km2)
(km2) (km2) (km2)
Districts (km2) (km2) (km2)
Kasaragod 82.84 432.56 1.22 1.75 0.00 0.36 0.13 9.79 0.00 0.01 11.85 30.2 12.52 26.39
Kannur 64.58 731.76 9.1 15.88 0.00 0.00 0.05 23.58 0.00 0.19 21.81 37.73 9.35 37.21
Kozhikode 73.28 500.28 1.12 3.38 0.04 0.71 0 6.59 0 0.00 29.08 24.88 8.95 26.82
Malappuram 49.42 293 0.65 1.27 0.34 0.09 0 5.82 0 0.00 13.7 15.88 7.21 15.07
Thrissur 60.19 567.06 1.32 3.87 0 0 0 14.25 1.2 0.00 6.16 31.93 14.65 21.42
3125.53 (m2)
5.56 11.7 0 0 19.04 47.54 0.00 16.2 43.11 1.38 98.08
Ernakulam 44.96 1966.05
Kottayam 0 149.28 0.01 0.03 0 0 0 2.71 0.62 0.00 0 5.34 0.49 19.18
Alappuzha 78.65 1189.29 1.29 3.75 0 0 0 9.84 22.49 0.00 4.26 42.82 14.47 68.76
Kollam 55.36 736.7 0.88 2.11 0 0 0 8.08 0 0.01 16.92 33.41 2.54 73.13
Thiruvananthapuram 75.38 445.81 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.27 0.00 0.15 18.19 17.52 9.72 14.39
Total 584.66 7011.79 21.17 43.74 0.38 1.16 0.18 105.97 71.85 0.36 138.17 282.82 81.28 400.45
6.1. CRZ of Kasaragod District
The CZMP of Kasaragod district is shown in thirteen map frames with map numbers 48
L13 SW, 48 L14 NW, 48 L14 NE, 48 L14 SE, 48 P2 SW, 48 L15 NE, 48 P3 NW, 48 P3
SW, 48 P3 SE, 48 P7 SW, 48 P4 NW, 48 P4 NE and 48 P4 SE.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Kasaragod District are
Talapady River, Uppala River, Shiriya River, Kumbla River, Mogral River, Kasaragod
Hole, Chandragiri River, Payaswini River, Kalanad River, Bekal River Chittari River,
Nileswaram River (Arayi Puzha), Karyamkod River, Valiyaparamba backwater, Kavvayi
Puzha and its tributaries.
Kasaragod District has HTL for a total length of 515.4 km. Chandragiri Fort and Bekal
Fort are the two important archaeological and historical site and are CRZ IA. About 13 km
long Turtle Nesting Sites with an area of 0.36 sq km is present in Kasaragod District and
are categorized as CRZ IA. The Turtle Nesting Sites are spread in Kanhangad
Municipality and Nileshwar Municipality.
The CRZ Landward of HTL (other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in
Kasaragod, Kanhangad and Nileshwar Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a total
extent of 11.85 sq km. The CRZ III is the undeveloped areas in the CRZ of Grama
Panchayats (Manjeshwar, Meenja, Mangalpady, Kumbla, Mogral-Puthur, Puthige,
Chengala, Chemnad, Muliyar, Bedadukka, Pallikkara, Uduma, Ajanur, Pullur - Periya,
Cheruvathur, Kinanur-Karinthalam, Kayyur-Cheemeni, West Eleri, Padanna,
Valiyaparamba and Trikkaripur) of Kasaragod District. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is
30.20 sq km and CRZIII between 200m and 500m is 12.52 sq km. The Taluk wise
distribution of CRZ categories in Kasaragod District is shown in Table 3.
Table 3. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kasaragod District.
Taluk Length Length Mangroves Mangrove Turtle Archeological ITZ Rocky CRZ NDZ CRZ III CRZ
of HTL of CRZ IA Buffer Nesting heritage Site CRZ Beach II (km2) (b/w 200m IV B
Seacoast HTL (km2) Zone Grounds CRZ IA IB(km2) CRZ IB (km2) and 500m (km2)
(km) Creek (km2) CRZ IA (km2) (km2) (km2)
(km) (km2)
Hosdurg 47.37 298.46 0.19 0.44 0.36 0.11 5.43 0.01 9.03 18.28 5.40 18.80
Kasaragod 35.47 134.10 1.03 1.31 0.00 0.02 4.36 2486.58 2.82 11.92 7.12 7.59
(m2)
Total 82.84 432.56 1.22 1.75 0.36 0.13 9.79 0.01 11.85 30.20 12.52 26.39
6.2. CRZ of Kannur District
The CZMP of Kannur district is shown in twelve map frames with map numbers 48 P4
NE, 48 P4 SE, 48 P8 SE, 48 P8 SW, 49 M5 NE, 49 M5 NW, 49 M5 SE, 49 M5 SW, 49
M6 NE, 49 M9 NW, 49 M9 SWand 49 M10 NW.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Kannur District are
Valiyaparamba/Kavvayi backwater (Part), KavvayiRiver, Perumba River, Vayalapra
River, Kuppam (Thalipparamba) River, Kuttikkol River,Valapattanam River, Anjarakandi
River, Dharmadam River, Eranjoli River, Mahe River its tributaries.
Kannur District has HTL for a total length of 796.34 km. St Angelo Fort and Thalassery
Fort are the two important archaeological and historical site and are CRZ IA. The CRZ
Landward of HTL (other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in Kannur
Corporation, Payyannur, Thaliparamba, Anthoor, Thalassery and Panoor Municipalities
are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a total extent of 21.81 sq km. The CRZ III is the undeveloped
areas in the CRZ of Grama Panchayats (Karivellur-Peralam, Ramanthali, Kunhimangalam,
Cheruthazham, Kadannappally-Panapuzha, Madayi, Ezhome, Pariyaram,
Chapparapadavu, Cherukunnu, Pattuvam, Kannapuram, Mattool, Kalliasseri, Pappinisseri,
Mayyil, Kurumathur, Chengalayi, Kolacheri, Narath, Valapattanam, Chirakkal, Azhikode,
Chembilode, Anjarakandy, Kadambur, Peralassery, Vengad, Keezhallur, Pinarayi,
Dharmadam, Muzhappilangad, Eranholi, Kadirur, New Mahe, Chokli and Thrippangottur)
of Kannur District. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is 37.73 sq km and CRZIII between
200m and 500m is 9.35 sq km. The Taluk wise distribution of CRZ categories in Kannur
District is shown in Table 4.
Table 4. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kannur District.
Taluk HTL HTL Creek Mangroves Mangrove Archeological ITZ Rocky CRZ II NDZ CRZ III CRZ IV B
2 2 2
Seacoast (km) CRZ IA Buffer heritage Site CRZ IB Beach (km ) (km ) b/w200m (km )
2 2
(km) (km ) Zone CRZ IA (km ) CRZ IB & 500m
2 2 2 2
(km ) (km ) (km ) (km )
Kannur 42.02 362.08 5.93 9.56 0.04 13.82 0.10 8.37 23.00 6.67 20.52
Taliparamba 9.65 228.06 2.22 4.18 0.00 5.26 0.04 6.01 9.63 2.12 12.52
Thalassery 12.91 141.62 0.95 2.14 0.01 4.50 0.05 7.43 5.10 0.56 4.17
Total 64.58 731.76 9.10 15.88 0.05 23.58 0.19 21.81 37.73 9.35 37.21
6.3 CRZ of Kozhikode District
The CZMP of Kozhikode district is shown in ten map frames with map numbers49 M10
NW, 49 M10 SW, 49 M10 SE, 49 M11 NW, 49 M11 NE, 49 M15 NW, 49 M11 SE,
49M15 SW,49 M16 NW and 49 M16 NE.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Kozhikode District are Mahe
River, Kuttiyadi River, Agalapuzha, Anelapuzha, Chittaripuzha, Korapuzha, Poonorpuzha,
Mangalapuzha, Kallayipuzha, Beypore River (Chaliyar River), Chaliyampuzha, Kadalundi
River and its tributaries and Conolly Canal.
KozhikodeDistrict has HTL for a total length of 573.56 km. Kolavipalam beach is an
important turtle nesting ground of Olive Ridley Turtle. Turtle Conservation Centre is also
located in Kolavipalam. The turtle nesting grounds in Kozhikode District is spread with an
area of 0.71 sq km (as per the data given by NCSCM, MoEF, Chennai) along the beaches
of Vadakara Municipality, Payyoli Municipality, Thikkodi Grama Panchayat and Moodadi
Grama Panchayat and are categorized as CRZ IA. Part of Kadalundi- Vallikkunn
Community Reserve is also categorized as CRZ IA.
Kozhikode Corporation and Vadakara, Payyoli, Koyilandi, Ramanattukara and Feroke
Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a total extent of 29.08 sq km. The CRZ III is
the undeveloped areas in the CRZ of Grama Panchayats (Azhiyur, Edacherry, Thuneri,
Eramala, Onchiyam, Chorode, Maniyur, Thiruvallur, Velom, Cheruvannur, Thurayur,
Thikodi, Moodadi, Keezhariyur, Naduvannur, Kottur, Ulliyeri, Balusseri, Chengottukavu,
Chemancherry, Atholi, Thalakulathur, Chemancherry, Chelannur, Kakkodi, Olavanna,
Perumanna, Peruvayal, Mavoor and Kadalundy ) of Kozhikode District. The extent of
CRZ III (NDZ) is 24.88 sq km and CRZIII between 200m and 500m is 8.95 sq km. The
Taluk wise distribution of CRZ categories in Kozhikode District is shown in Table 5.
Table 5. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kozhikode District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangroves Mangrove Community Turtle ITZ CRZ II NDZ CRZ III CRZ
2 2
Seacoast Creek CRZ IA Buffer Reserve Nesting CRZ IB (km ) (km ) b/w200m IV B
2 2 2
(km) (km) (km ) Zone CRZ IA Grounds (km ) & 500m (km )
2 2 2
(km ) (km ) CRZIA (km )
2
(km )
Koyilandy 32.71 175.97 0.27 0.88 0.00 0.59 2.90 8.87 11.48 4.55 10.51
Kozhikode 24.79 220.03 0.65 1.82 0.04 0.00 2.26 17.76 6.48 1.23 11.95
Vadakara 15.78 104.28 0.20 0.68 0.00 0.12 1.43 2.45 6.92 3.17 4.36
Total 73.28 500.28 1.12 3.38 0.04 0.71 6.59 29.08 24.88 8.95 26.82
6.4 CRZ of Malappuram District
The CZMP of MalappuramDistrict is shown in eight map frames with map numbers 49
M16 NW , 49 M16 NE, 49 M16 SW, 49 M16 SE, 49 N13 NW, 49 N13 NE, 49 N13 SE
and 49 N14 NE.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Malappuram District are
Chaliyampuzha, Kadalundi River, Purapparamba River, Thirurpuzha, Conolly Canal,
Bharathapuzha, Kanjiramukku River and its tributaries.
Malappuram district has HTL for a total length of 342.42km. The Alungal-Parappanangadi
beach is an important nesting ground of Olive Ridley turtle which extend along the coast
of Vallikkunnu Grama Panchayat and Parappanangadi Municipality (as per the data given
by NCSCM, MoEF, Chennai) and is categorized as CRZ IA. Part of Kadalundi-
Vallikkunn Community Reserve in Malappuram District is also categorized as CRZ IA.
Parappanangadi, Tirurangadi, Tanur, Tirur and PonnaniMunicipalities are CRZ II. The
CRZ II has a total extent of 13.70 sq km. The CRZ III is the undeveloped areas in the CRZ
of Grama Panchayats (Vazhakkad, Vazhayur, Chelambra, Vallikkunnu, Thenhipalam,
Moonniyur, Tanalur, Niramaruthur, Cheriyamundam, Vettom, Thalakkad, Triprangode,
Mangalam, Purathur, Kaladi, Maranchery, Veliyancode and Perumpadappu) of
Malappuram District. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is 15.88 sq km and CRZIII between
200m and 500m is 7.21 sq km.The Taluk wise distribution of CRZ categories in
Malappuram District is shown in Table 6.
Table 6. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Malappuram District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangrov Mangrove Commun Turtle ITZ CRZ II NDZ CRZ III CRZ IV
2 2 2
Seacoast Creek es Buffer ity Nesting CRZ (km ) (km ) b/w200m B (km )
2
(km) (km) CRZIA Zone (km ) Reserve Grounds IB & 500m
2 2 2
(km ) CRZIA CRZIA (km ) (km )
2 2
(km ) (km )
Kondotty 0.00 23.16 0.07 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.17 1008.6 1.53 0.00 1.84
2
9 (m )
Ponnani 11.10 72.92 0.03 0.08 0.00 0.00 1.74 4.58 2.38 1.45 4.26
Tirur 26.35 155.93 0.37 0.74 0.00 0.00 3.35 5.49 8.39 4.37 7.14
Tirurangadi 11.97 40.99 0.18 0.26 0.34 0.09 0.56 3.63 3.58 1.39 1.83
Total 49.42 293.00 0.65 1.27 0.34 0.09 5.82 13.70 15.88 7.21 15.07
6.5. CRZ of Thrissur District
The CZMP of Thrissur District is shown in ten map frames with map numbers 49
N/14/NE, 49 N/14/SE, 58 B/2/SW, 58 B/3/NW, 58 B/3/NE, 58 B/3/SW, 58 B/3/SE, 58
B/7/SW, 58 B/4/NE and58 B/8/NW.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Thrissur District are Chetwai
Puzha, Karanjira Puzha, Puzhakkal River, Karuvannur River, Muriyad-Moorkanal Canal,
Shanmugam Canal, Pullut River, Kallanthodu River, Anapuzha Canal, Conolly Canal,
Akathu Chal, Periyar River and its tributaries.
Thrissur district has HTL for a total length of 627.25km.The CRZ Landward of HTL
(other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in Chavakkad, Guruvayoor and
Kodungallur Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a total extent of 6.16 sq km. The
CRZ III is the undeveloped areas in the CRZ of Grama Panchayats (Punnayoorkulam,
Punnayoor, Kadappuram, Pavaratty, Orumanayoor, Mullassery, Engandiyoor, Venkitangu,
Vadanappilly, Manalur, Thalikulam, Anthikkad, Nattika, Thanniam, Valappad,
Edathiruthy, Kattoor, Kaipamangalam, Padiyoor, Perinjanam, Mathilakam, Vellangalur,
Sree Narayanapuram, Puthenchira, Edavilangu, Eriyad, Mala and Poyya) of Thrissur
District. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is 31.93 sq km and CRZIII between 200m and
500m is 14.65 sq km. The Taluk wise distribution of CRZ categories in Thrissur District
is shown in Table 7.
Table 7. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Thrissur District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangroves Mangrove ITZ Pokkali CRZ II NDZ CRZ III CRZ IV B
2 2 2
Seacoast Creek CRZIA Buffer CRZ IB Field (km ) (km ) b/w200m (km )
2 2 2
(km) (km) (km ) Zone (km ) (km ) CRZ IB & 500m
2 2
(km ) (km )
Chalakkudy 0.00 13.24 0.10 0.32 0.88 0.00 0.00 0.66 0.00 0.15
Chavakkad 40.05 192.79 0.21 0.59 2.56 0.50 3.35 15.27 9.24 9.76
Kodungalloor 20.14 217.72 0.61 1.52 5.26 0.61 2.81 8.27 5.41 7.94
Mukundapuram 0.00 116.99 0.40 1.44 5.54 0.09 129.01 5.69 0.00 2.39
2
(m )
Thrissur 0.00 26.32 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 2.04 0.00 1.18
Total 60.19 567.06 1.32 3.87 14.25 1.20 6.16 31.93 14.65 21.42
6.6 CRZ of Ernakulam District
The CZMP of Ernakulam district is shown in eight map frames with map numbers 58
B/4/NE, 58 B/8/NW, 58 B/4/SE, 58 B/8/SW , 58 C/1/NE, 58 C/5/NW, 58 C/5/SW and 58
C/5/SE.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Ernakulam District are
Vembanad backwater and its inter connecting canals such as Mattancherry Channel,
Thevara Canal, Champakara Canal, Edakochi Kayal, Nettur Thodu, Kaithapuzha Kayal,
Tattapalli River, Anachal Thodu, Ramavarma Canal, Iyyampilli Thodu, Chattangad
Thodu, Pazhangad Thodu, Aniyil Thodu, Nedungad Puzha, Nayarambalam Thodu,
Ernakulam Kayal, Chithrapuzha, Ernakulam Channel, Varapuzha, Kaniyampuzha, Periyar
River and its tributaries.
Ernakulam District has HTL for a total length of 2011.01km. Kottayil Kovilakam and
Pallipuram Fort are the two important Archaeological sites in Ernakulam District and are
categorized under CRZ1A.The CRZ Landward of HTL (other than open spaces such as
parks and play grounds) in Kochi Municipal Corporation, Paravur, Eloor, Thrikkakara,
Kalamassery, Thrippunithura and Maradu Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a
total extent of 16.20 sq km. The CRZ III is the undeveloped areas in the CRZ of Grama
Panchayats (Punnayoorkulam, Punnayoor, Kadappuram, Pavaratty, Orumanayoor,
Mullassery, Engandiyoor, Venkitangu, Vadanappilly, Manalur, Thalikulam, Anthikkad,
Nattika, Thanniam, Valappad, Edathiruthy, Kattoor, Kaipamangalam, Padiyoor,
Perinjanam, Mathilakam, Vellangalur, Sree Narayanapuram, Puthenchira, Edavilangu,
Eriyad, Mala and Poyya) of Ernakulam District. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is 43.11 sq
km and CRZIII between 200m and 500m is 1.38 sq km. The Taluk wise distribution of
CRZ categories in Ernakulam District is shown in Table 8.
Table 8. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Ernakulam District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangroves Mangrove Archeological ITZ Pokkali CRZ NDZ CRZ III CRZ IV
Seacoast Creek CRZIA Buffer heritage Site CRZ Field II (km2) b/w200m B (km2)
(km) (km) (km2) Zone CRZIA (km2) IB CRZ IB (km2) & 500m
(km2) (km2) (km2) (km2)
Kanayannur 0.00 608.99 1.88 5.05 0.00 6.89 12.86 9.40 9.67 0.00 44.22
Kochi 44.96 866.22 3.51 6.20 258.92 (m2) 10.08 22.27 5.64 18.37 1.38 34.60
2
Paravur 0.00 490.84 0.17 0.45 2866.61 (m ) 2.07 12.41 1.16 15.07 0.00 19.26
Total 44.96 1966.05 5.56 11.70 3125.53 (m2) 19.04 47.54 16.20 43.11 1.38 98.08
6.7 CRZ of Kottayam District
The CZMP of Kottayam District is shown in three map frames with map numbers 58
C/5/SE, 58 C/5/SW and 58C/6/NE.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Kottayam District are
Vembanad backwater, its inter connecting canals, Muvattupuzha River and its tributaries.
Kottayam d istrict has HTL for a total length of 149.28km. The CRZ Landward of HTL
(other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in Vaikom Municipality is CRZ
II. The CRZ II has a total extent of 0.49 sq km. The CRZ III is the undeveloped areas in
the CRZ of Grama Panchayats (Chempu, Maravanthuruth, Udayanpuram, TV
Puram,Thalayazham and Vechoor) of Kottayam district. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is
5.34 sq km. The Taluk wise distribution of CRZ categories in Kottayam district is shown
in Table 9.
Table 9. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kottayam District.
Taluk HTL Mangroves Mangrove ITZ Pokkali NDZ CRZ II CRZ IV

Creek CRZIA(k Buffer Zone CRZ IB Field (km2) (km2) B (km2)
(km) m2) (km2) (km2) CRZ
IB(km2)
Vaikom 149.28 0.01 0.03 2.71 0.62 5.34 0.49 19.18
Grand 149.28 0.01 0.03 2.71 0.62 5.34 0.49 19.18
Total
6.8 CRZ of Alappuzha District
The CZMP of Alappuzha District is shown in ten map frames with map numbers 58
C/5/NW, 58 C/5/SW, 58 C/6/NW, 58 C/6/NE, 58 C/6/SW, 58 C/7/NW, 58 C/7/SW, 58
C/7/SE, 58 C/8/NE and 58 C/12/NW.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Alappuzha District are
Vembanad Backwater, Vayalar Kayal, Pullikil River, Pullikil Kayal, Pampa (Tributary),
Kayamkulam Kayal, Kaithapuzha Kayal, Chenganada Ar, Trikkunnapuzha River,
Karipuzha Thodu and its tributaries.
Alappuzha District has HTL for a total length of 1267.94 km. The CRZ Landward of HTL
(other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in Cherthala, Alappuzha,
Harippad and Kayamkulam Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a total extent of
4.26 sq km. The CRZ III is the undeveloped areas in the CRZ of Grama Panchayats
(Aroor, Arookutty, Perumpalam, Ezhupunna, Panavally, Kodamthuruth, Kuthiathode,
Thycattussery, Thuravoor, Pattanakkad, Chennam-Pallippuram, Vayalar, Kadakkarapally,
Cherthala South, Thanneermukkom, Mararikkulam North, Mararikkulam South, Aryad,
Punnapra North, Punnapra South, Ambalappuzha North, Ambalappuzha South, Purakkad,
Thrikkunnappuzha, Karthikapally, Arattupuzha, Chingoli, Muthukulam, Pathiyoor,
Kandalloor, Devikulangara and Krishnapuram) of Alappuzha District. The extent of CRZ
III (NDZ) is 42.82 sq km and CRZ III between 200m and 500m is 14.47 sq km. The
Taluk wise distribution of CRZ categories in Alappuzha District is shown in Table 10.
Table 10. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Alappuzha District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangroves Mangrove ITZ Pokkali CRZ NDZ CRZ III CRZ
Seacoa Creek CRZIA Buffer CRZ Field II (km2) b/w200m IV B
st (km) (km) (km2) (km2) Zone IB CRZ IB (km2) & 500m (km2)
(km2) (km2) (km2)
Ambalapuzha 33.56 47.42 4598.92 0.02 1.29 0.00 3.23 5.84 7.18 0.49
(m2)
Cherthala 22.13 823.98 1.03 3.08 5.65 22.49 0.32 26.12 3.38 53.25
Karthikapally 22.96 317.89 0.26 0.65 2.90 0.00 0.71 10.86 3.91 15.02
Total 78.65 1189.29 1.29 3.75 9.84 22.49 4.26 42.82 14.47 68.76
6.9 CRZ of Kollam District
The CZMP of Kollam District is shown in eight map frames with map numbers 58 C8
NE, 58 C8 SE, 58 C12 SE, 58 C12 SW, 58 D9 NE, 58 D9 NW, 58 D9 SE and 58 D9 SW.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Kollam District are
Vattakayal, Kozhikkottu kayal, Kayamkulam kayal, Ashtamudi kayal, Kotta kayal,
Kanjirakottu kayal, Kumbalattu kayal, Kandachira kayal, Kuripuzha kayal,Killimukkam
kayal, Edava Nadayara kayal, Paravoor kayal and Iravipuram kayal, Pallikkal Ar, Kallada
Ar, Ithikkara Ar, its tributaries and Kollam canal.
Kollam District has HTL for a total length of 792.06 km. The CRZ Landward of HTL
(other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in Kollam Municipal
Corporation, Karunagappally and Paravoor Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a
Panchayats (Adichanallur, Alappad, Chathannoor, Chavara, East Kallada, Clappana,
Kulasekharapuram, Kundara, Kunnathoor, Mundrothuruthu, Mayyanad, Mynagappally,
Nedumpana, Neendakara, Panayam, Panmana, Pavithreswaram, Perayam, Perinad,
Poothakulam, Sasthamkotta, Thekkumbhagom, Thevalkkara, Thodiyoor, Thrikkaruva and
West Kallada) of Kollam District. The extent of CRZ III (NDZ) is 33.41 sq km
andCRZIII between 200m and 500m is 2.54 sq km. The Taluk wise distribution of CRZ
categories in Kollam District is shown in Table 11.
Table 11. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kollam District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangroves Mangrove ITZ Rocky CRZ II NDZ CRZ III CRZ IV
Seacoast Creek CRZIA Buffer CRZ IB Beach (km2) (km2) b/w200m B (km2)
(km) (km) (km2) Zone (km2) (km2) CRZ IB & 500m
(km2) (km2)
Karunagapally 25.42 251.23 0.41 0.99 2.20 0.00 1.44 13.33 2.39 10.77
Kollam 29.94 450.61 0.47 1.12 5.64 0.01 15.48 16.85 0.15 61.12
Kottarakkara 0.00 9.86 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.79 0.00 0.32
Kunnathur 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.00 2.44 0.00 0.92
Total 55.36 736.70 0.88 2.11 8.08 0.01 16.92 33.41 2.54 73.13
6.10. CRZ of Thiruvananthapuram District
The CZMP of Thiruvananthapuram District is shown in nine map frames with map
numbers 58 D9 SE, 58 H3 NW, 58 H3 SW, 58 D10 NE, 58 D14 NW, 58 D14 SE 58 D14
SW, 58 D15 NE and 58 D15 SE.
The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Thiruvananthapuram District

Nadayara kayal, Edava Nadayara kayal, Ayiroor nadayara kayal, Kozhithottam kayal,
Mungottu kayal, Kadinamkulam kayal, Akkulam Lake/Veli Lake, Vamanapuram
River/Attingal Ar, Karamana Ar, Neyyar and its tributaries.
Thiruvananthapuram District has HTL for a total length of 521.19km. The CRZ Landward
of HTL (other than open spaces such as parks and play grounds) in Thiruvananthapuram
Municipal Corporation, Varkala and Attingal Municipalities are CRZ II. The CRZ II has a
Panchayats (Edava, Elakamon, Vettor, Cherunniyoor, Ottoor, Anchuthengu, Vakkom,
Manamboor, Kadakkavoor, Chirayinkeezhu, Kizhuvilam, Azhoor, Kadinamkulam,
Mangalapuram, Andoorkonam, Venganoor, Kottukal, Karumkulam, Poovar, Thirupuram,
Chenkal, Kulathoor and Karode) of Thiruvananthapuram District. The extent of CRZ III
(NDZ) is 17.52 sq km and CRZIII between 200m and 500m is 9.72 sq km. Taluk wise
distribution of CRZ categories in Thiruvananthapuram District is shown in Table 12.
Table 12. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Thiruvananthapuram District.
Taluk HTL HTL Mangroves ITZ Rocky CRZ NDZ CRZ III CRZ
Seacoast Creek CRZIA CRZ IB Beach II (km2) b/w200m IV B
(km) (km) (km2) (km2) CRZ IB (km2) & 500m (km2)
(km2) (km2)
Varkala 12.20 83.75 0.00 0.71 0.02 2.27 3.75 2.31 4.74
Chirayinkeezhu 11.27 141.84 0.01 1.50 0.02 0.38 6.09 1.62 3.43
Neyyattinkara 21.75 43.58 1407.51 1.35 0.11 3.39 3.55 3.01 0.89
(m2)
Thiruvananthapuram 30.16 176.64 4582.44 2.71 0.00 12.15 4.13 2.78 5.33
(m2)
Total 75.38 445.81 0.02 6.27 0.15 18.19 17.52 9.72 14.39
7. Coastal Land-use of Kerala
The various ecologically sensitive areas and land-uses in the coastal areas and their
adjoining land parts that falls under the coastal regulation zones (as per CRZ Notification
2011) have been studied and Coastal Land Use Maps were prepared in 1:25000 scale.
There are 76 maps with a frame of 7.5'X7.5' numbered as per SoI Toposheets.
7.1. Methodology
The high resolution satellite images (World View 2) for the year 2011-12 have been used
as base map for mapping of coastal land uses. The High Tide Line, CRZ boundary and
Ecologically sensitive areas such as mangroves, turtle nesting sites, protected areas,
archeologically important areas and heritage sites demarcated as per the guidelines given
in CRZ Notification 2011 were superimposed on the World View Satellite Images. The
various land uses falling under CRZ area between HTL and 500m landward along sea
coast and the area between HTL and CRZ limit of tide influenced water bodies were
identified using supervised classification and the various land use classes were categorized
at Level 2. The land use map (with an overall accuracy of 79-97%) prepared by National
Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Hyderabad, which is available in Bhuvan-thematic
service, the Indian Geo-Platform of ISRO has also been referred while doing the
classification.
7.2. Land-use Classes
The land-use of the CRZ area other than Ecologically Sensitive Areas (CRZ IA), Inter
Tidal Zones (CRZ IB), Sea Waterbody (CRZ IVA) and Tide Influenced other Waterbody
(CRZ IVB) are categorized into Level 2 Classes. These land-uses are either inside CRZ II
or inside CRZ III (NDZ and CRZ between 200m and 500m CRZ Line). NCESS adopted
the classification system and classes of NRSC, which is given in Bhuvan-thematic service.
The major land-use classes are Agriculture (crop land), Agriculture (plantation),
Agriculture (fallow), Barren/Uncultivable/Waste lands (rocky areas),
Barren/Uncultivable/Waste lands (sandy area), (Barren/Uncultivable/ Waste lands (scrub
land), Built-up (rural), Built-up (urban), Built-up (mining), Forest (Swamp/mangroves),
Wetlands/Waterbodies(inlandwetland), Wetlands/Waterbodies (coastal wetlands),
Wetlands /Waterbodies (reservoirs/lakes/ponds), and Wetlands/ waterbodies
(river/streams/ canals).
Taluk wise land-use classes for each District is given in Annexure V.
Annexure I.
Local bodies under CRZ
DISTRICT GRAMA PANCHAYAT MUNICIPALITY CORPORATION
Manjeshwar, Kumbla, Mangalpady,

Meenja, Chemnad, Mogral-Puthur,
Kasaragod,
Puthige, Chengala, Ajanur, Bedadukka,
Nileshwar,
Kasaragod Muliyar, Pallikkara, Uduma, Kayyur- Nil
Kanhangad
Cheemeni, Kinanur-Karinthalam, Pullur-
Periya, Cheruvathur, Padanna,
Trikkaripur, Valiyaparamba, West-Eleri
Karivellur-Peralam, Cheruthazham,
Kunhimangalam, Madayi, Ramanthali,
Chapparapadavu, Chengalayi,
Kurumathur, Mayyil, Pariyaram,
Cherukunnu, Ezhome, Kadannappally-
Payyannur,
Panapuzha, Kannapuram, Mattool,
Thaliparambu,
Pattuvam, Chokli, New Mahe,
Kannur Thalassery, Kannur
Thrippangottur, Chirakkal, Kolacheri,
Anthoor, Panoor
Narath, Pappinisseri, Azhikode,
Kalliasseri, Valapattanam, Chembilode,
Dharmadam, Eranholi, Kadambur,
Muzhappilangad, Peralassery, Pinarayi,
Vengad, Anjarakandy, Keezhallur,
Kadirur
Azhiyur, Chorode, Edacherry, Eramala,

Onchiyam, Thuneri, Cheruvannur,
Keezhariyur, Maniyur, Moodadi,
Vadakara, Koilandi,
Thikkodi, Thiruvallur, Thurayur, Velom,
Feroke, Payyoli,
Kozhikode Atholi, Chemancherry, Chengottukavu, Kozhikode
Ramanattukara
Naduvannur, Ulliyeri, Thalakulathur,
Balusseri, Kottur, Chelannur, Kakkodi,
Mavoor, Olavanna, Perumanna,
Peruvayal, Kadalundi
Vazhakkad, Vazhayur, Chelembra,

Thenchipalam, Vallikkunnu, Moonniyur, Parappanangadi,
Cheriyamundam, Niramaruthur, Tanalur, Tirurangadi, Tanur,
Malappuram Nil
Thalakkad, Vettom, Kaladi, Mangalam, Tirur, Ponnani
Maranchery, Purathur, Triprangode,
Veliyancode, Perumpadappu
Punnayoor, Punnayoorkulam,
Engandiyoor, Kadappuram, Manalur,
Mullassery, Orumanayoor, Pavaratty,
Chavakkad,
Vadanappilly, Venkitangu, Edathiruthy,
Guruvayoor,
Thrissur Kattoor, Thanniam, Anthikkad, Nattika, Nil
Kodungallur
Thalikulam, Valappad, Kaipamangalam,
Mala, Mathilakam, Padiyoor, Perinjanam,
Puthenchira, Sree Narayanapuram,
Vellangalur, Edavilangu, Eriyad, Poyya
Chendamangalam, Chittattukara,
Ezhikkara, Kottuvally, Kuzhappilly,
Pallippuram, Puthenvelikara, Paravur, Eloor,
Vadakkekkara, Edavanakkade, Thrikkakara,
Elamkunnapuzha, Kadamakkudy, Kalamassery,
Errnakulam Kochi
Mulavukade, Nayarambalam, Njarakkal, Thrippunithara,
Varapuzha, Alangad, Karumalloor, Maradu
Kunnukara, Cheranallur, Kadungallur,
Chellanam, Kumbalam, Kumbalangy,
Udayamperoor, Amballur
Chempu, Maravanthuruthu,
Vaikom
Kottayam Udayanapuram, T.V. Puram, Nil
Thalayazham, Vechoor
Devikulangara, Krishnapuram, Pathiyoor,

Arookutty, Aroor, Perumpalam,
Chennam-Pallippuram, Panavally,
Ezhupunna, Kodamthuruth, Kuthiathode,
Pattanakkad, Thuravoor, Thycattussery,
Kayamkulam,
Vayalar, Thanneermukkom, Cherthala
Cherthala,
Alappuzha South, Kadakkarapally, Mararikkulam Nil
Alappuzha, Haripad
North, Aryad, Mararikkulam South,
Ambalappuzha North, Ambalappuzha
South, Punnapra North, Punnapra South,
Purakkad, Chingoli, Karthikapally,
Thrikkunnappuzha, Arattupuzha,
Kandalloor, Muthukulam
East Kallada, Kunnathor,

Mandrothuruthu, Pavithreswaram,
Perayam, Sasthamcotta, West Kallada,
Alappad, Chavara, Kulasekharapuram,
Karunagapally,
Mynagappally, Panmana, Thevalkkara,
Kollam Paravoor Kollam
Thodiyoor, Clappana, Adichanallur,
Chathannur, Nedumpana, Panayam,
Perinad, Neendakara, Thekkumbhagom,
Thrikkaruva, Chirakkara, Mayyanad,
Poothakkulam
Anchuthengu, Edava, Vakkom, Vettoor,

Azhoor, Cherunniyoor, Chirayinkeezhu,
Kadakkavoor, Kadinamkulam,
Kizhuvilam, Manamboor, Varkala, Attingal Thiruvananthapuram
Thiruvananthapuram
Mangalapuram, Ottoor, Andoorkonam,
Venganoor, Elakamon, Chenkal, Karode,
Karumkulam, Kottukal, Kulathoor,
Poovar, Thirupuram
Annexure II.
Tidal Limit of various tide influenced waterbodies.
DISTRICT REMARKS Latitude (DMS) Longitude (DMS)

Kasaragod Talapady River 12 45 40.21300N 074 52 19.53800E
Uppala River (tributary) 12 42 51.77800N 074 54 03.01700E
Uppala River 12 41 39.52700N 074 54 22.78800E
Shiriya River 12 38 08.64800N 074 56 59.09800E
Kumbla River 12 38 08.64800N 074 56 59.09800E
Mogral River 12 33 33.87000N 074 58 57.59200E
Kasaragod Hole 12 30 37.86800N 074 58 28.71400E
Chandragiri River 12 26 39.96400N 075 05 11.48300E
Payaswini River 12 28 55.71500N 075 05 08.02100E
Kalanad River 12 27 08.45200N 075 01 00.39700E
Bekal River 12 25 40.02300N 075 02 14.92800E
Chittari River (tributary) 12 22 59.06500N 075 03 28.12900E
Chittari River 12 20 47.48200N 075 05 08.39200E
Nileswaram River (Arayi 12 16 11.41800N 075 07 15.56600E
Puzha)
Karyamkod River 12 15 59.68100N 075 16 45.35400E
Karyamkod River 12 17 43.03400N 075 16 55.62400E
(Tributary)
Kannur Kavvayi Puzha 12 10 02.33100N 075 12 26.22300E
Kavvayi River 12 10 02.34900N 075 12 26.14900E
Perumba River 12 06 30.93900N 075 16 44.86500E
Vayalapra River 12 02 47.60000N 075 16 06.59000E
Kuppam (Thalipparamba) 12 06 39.38400N 075 22 50.27500E
Kuttikkol River 12 00 18.93400N 075 22 44.20700E
Valapattanam River 12 00 27.90580N 075 27 33.31047E
Anjarakandi River 11 53 31.97800N 075 31 51.75200E
Dharmadam River 11 47 48.34300N 075 30 59.92100E
Eranjoli River 11 45 32.66000N 075 31 23.95300E
Mahe River 11 43 29.07200N 075 36 43.87800E
Kozhikode Kuttiyadi River 11 36 07.77200N 075 42 20.07100E
Agalapuzha 11 30 42.97000N 075 39 11.36000E
Chittaripuzha 11 27 41.89000N 075 47 09.63000E
Korapuzha 11 20 21.19000N 075 47 52.22000E
Poonorpuzha 11 20 24.37000N 075 45 49.75000E
Kallayipuzha 11 13 34.94000N 075 50 06.18000E
Chaliyampuzha 11 10 26.26000N 075 52 16.60000E
Chaliyampuzha 11 10 26.26000N 075 52 16.60000E
Mahe River 11 43 29.07000N 075 36 43.78000E
Beypore River (Chaliyar) 11 14 34.47000N 075 55 20.79500E
Malappuram Beypore River (Chaliyar) 11 14 34.47000N 075 55 20.79500E
Kadalundi River 11 04 56.46000N 075 53 02.20000E
DISTRICT REMARKS Latitude (DMS) Longitude (DMS)
Kadalundi River 11 04 56.46000N 075 53 02.20000E
Purapparamba River 11 01 17.35000N 075 53 02.05000E
Thirurpuzha 10 55 58.51000N 075 56 03.47000E
Bharathapuzha 10 49 12.39000N 075 57 33.44000E
Kanjiramukku River 10 47 07.36000N 075 57 59.00000E
Thrissur Chetwai Puzha 10 32 19.76000N 076 04 05.54000E
Chetwai Puzha (tributary) 10 35 12.18000N 076 02 08.16000E
Puzhakkal River 10 30 13.74000N 076 06 30.59000E
Karuvannur River 10 23 49.38000N 076 09 00.36000E
Muriyad-Moorkanal canal 10 20 19.59000N 076 09 25.38000E
Shanmugham Canal 10 19 14.28000N 076 10 04.48000E
Pullut River 10 15 27.29000N 076 15 22.04000E
Ernakulam Periyar River 10 08 40.53000N 076 16 55.71000E
Periyar River 10 08 40.53000N 076 16 55.71000E
Periyar River (Tributary) 10 04 36.31000N 076 18 10.18000E
Varapuzha 10 04 08.19000N 076 17 19.62000E
Chithrapuzha 09 59 29.61000N 076 21 08.86000E
Muvattupuzha River 09 51 24.89000N 076 23 08.08000E
(Tributary)
Kottayam Muvattupuzha River 09 49 56.05000N 076 23 37.02000E
(Tributary)
(Tributery/Thodu)
(Tributery/Thodu)
(Tributery/Thodu)
(Tributery/Thodu)
(Tributery/Thodu)
Ithipuzha 09 47 15.74000N 076 23 15.99000E
Alappuzha Vembanad Backwater 09 40 25.13000N 076 23 57.86000E
Vembanad Backwater 09 40 25.13000N 076 23 57.86000E
Pampa (Tributary) 09 19 02.41000N 076 23 11.80000E
Pullikil River 09 16 20.69000N 076 24 30.52000E
Trikkunnapuzha River 09 15 32.30000N 076 24 44.26000E
Karipuzha Thodu 09 12 42.40000N 076 29 50.26000E
Kollam Pallikkal Ar 09 03 49.55000N 076 34 03.18000E
Kallada Ar 09 03 31.05000N 076 42 41.41000E
Ithikkara Ar 08 52 08.84000N 076 44 30.73000E
Thodu connecting to 08 53 59.03000N 076 37 17.64000E
Ashtamudi Kayal
Thiruvananthapuram Vamanapuram River 08 42 31.41000N 076 48 38.96000E
Karamana Ar 08 28 44.65000N 076 58 17.36000E
Neyyar 08 21 15.22000N 077 05 14.38000E
Killi Ar 08 27 59.32000N 076 57 35.81000E
Annexure III
List of Villages under CRZ
District Village Total No.

Alappuzha West Village
Ambalappuzha North Village
Ambalappuzha South Village
Aryadu Thekku Village
Kalavur Village
Paravur Village
Pathirappally Village
Punnapra Village
Purakkad Village
Arookkutti Village
Aroor Village
Arthunkal Village
Cherthala Thekku Village
Cherthala Vadakku Village
Ezhupunna Village 37
Kadakkarapally Village
Kodamthuruth Village
Kokkothamangalam Village
Alappuzha Kuthiyathodu Village
Mararikkulam Vadakku Village
Pallippuram Village
Panavally Village
Pattanakkad Village
Perumbalam Village
Thaikkattusseri Village
Thanneermukkam Vadakku Village
Vayalar East Village
Arattupuzha Village
Chingoli Village
Kandallur Village
Karthikappally Village
Keerikkad Village
Krishnapuram Village
Muthukulam Village
Pathiyur Village
Puthuppally Village
Thrikunnapuzha Village
Amballur Village
Cheranallur Village
Ernakulam Edappally North Village
Edappally South Village
Elamkulom Village
Ernakulam Village
Kadamakkudi Village
Kakkanad Village
Keecheri Village
Kumbalam Village
Manakkunnam Village
Maradu Village
Mulavukad Village
Nadama Village
Poonithura Village
Thekkumbhagam Village
Thiruvankulam Village
Vazhakkala Village
Chellanam Village
46
Edakochi Village
Edavanakkad Village
Elankunnappuzha Village
Fort Kochi Village
Kumbalangi Village
Kuzhupilly Village
Kuzhuppilly Village
Mattancheri Village
Nayarambalam Village
Njarakkal Village
Pallipuram Village
Palluruthi Village
Puthuvype Village
Rameswaram Village
Thoppumpadi Village
Alangad Village
Chendamangalam Village
Elur Village
Ezhikkara Village
Kadungallor Village
Karumalur Village
Kottuvally Village
Muthakunnam Village
Paravur Village
Puthenvelikkara Village
Vadakkekkara Village
Varappuzha Village
Anjarakandi Village
Azhikode North Village
Kannur
Azhikode South Village
Chelora Village
Chembilode Village
Cherukunnu Village
Cheruthazham Village
Chirakkal Village
Edakkad Village
Elayavoor Village
Ezhome Village
Kadambur Village
Kadannappally Village
Kalliasseri Village
Kannapuram Village
Kannur-I Village
Kannur-II Village
Kunhimangalam Village
Madayi Village
Makrery Village
Mattool Village
Mavilayi Village
Muzhappilangad Village
Narath Village
Pallikunnu Village
Pappinisseri Village
Valapattanam Village
Andhur Village
Chengalayi Village
Karivellur Village
Kayaralam Village
Kolacheri Village
Kooveri Village
Korom Village
Kurumathur Village
Kuttiyeri Village
Morazha Village
Pariyaram Village
Pattuvam Village
Payyannur Village
Peralam Village
Ramanthali Village
Taliparamba Village
Vellur Village
Chokli Village
59
Dharmadam Village
Erancholi Village
Eruvatty Village
Kadirur Village
Keezhallur Village
Kodiyeri Village
Paduvilayi Village
Pathiriyad Village
Peringalam Village
Peringathur Village
Pinarayi Village
Thalassery Village
Thiruvangad Village
Thripangothur Village
Ajanur Village
Balla Village
Bheemandi Village
Cheemeni-I Village
Cheemeni-II Village
Cheruvathur Village
Chithari Village
Hosdrug Village
Kanhangad Village
Karinthalam Village
Kayyur Village
Keekan Village
Kinnanur Village
Klayikode Village
Nileshwar Village
Padana Village
Pallikkara-I Village
41
Kasaragod Pallikkara-II Village
Panayal Village
Perole Village
Pudukkai Village
Pullur Village
Trikaripur North Village
Trikaripur Sorth Village
Uduma Village
Bombrana Village
Chengala Village
Edanad Village
Hosabettu Village
Ichilangod Village
Kalanad Village
Koipady Village
Kolathur Village
Kudlu Village
Kunjathur Village
Mogralu Village
Muliyar Village
Putturu Village
Thalangara Village
Thekkil Village
Uppala Village
Adinad Village
Alappad Village
Ayanivelikulangara Village
Chavara Village
Clappana Village
Kallalibhagom Village
Karunagappally Village
Kulasekharapuram Village
Neendakara Village
Panmana Village 40
Thekkumbhagom Village
Thevalkkara Village
Thodiyoor Village
Adichanallur Village
Chirakkara Village
East Kallada Village
Eravipuram Village
Kilikollur Village
Kollam Village
Kollam Mandrothuruth Village
Mangad Village
Mayyanad Village
Meenad Village
Mulavana Village
Mundakkal Village
Nedumpana Village
Panayam Village
Paravoor Village
Perinad Village
Poothakulam Village
Sakthikulangara Village
Thazhuthala Village
Thrikkaruva Village
Trikkadavoor Village
Pavithreswaram Village
Puthur Village
Kunnathur Village
Mynagappally Village
Sasthamkotta Village
West Kallada Village
Chempu Village
Kulasekharamangalam Village
Naduvila Village
Kottayam Thalayazham Village 7
Vadakkemuri Village
Vaikom Village
Vechoor Village
Arikkulam Village
Atholy Village
Avittanallur Village
Balussery Village
Chemancherry Village
Chengottukavu Village
Cheruvannur Village
Iringal Village
Keezhariyur Village
Moodadi Village
Naduvannur Village
Panthalayani Village
Payyoli Village
Thikkodi Village
Thurayur Village
Ulliyeri Village
Viyyur Village
Beypore Village
Kozhikkod Chelannur Village
Cheruvannur Village
Elathur Village 52
Feroke Village
Kadalundy Village
Kakkodi Village
Karuvanthuruthy Village
Kasaba Village
Katchery Village
Kottuli Village
Mavoor Village
Nagaram Village
Olavanna Village
Panniyankara Village
Pantheerankavu Village
Perumanna Village
Peruvayal Village
Puthiyangadi Village
Ramanattukara Village
Thalakulathur Village
Valayanad Village
Vengeri Village
Azhiyur Village
Chorodu Village
Edacherry Village
Eramala Village
Maniyur Village
Nadakkuthazhe Village
Onchiyam Village
Palayad Village
Thiruvallur Village
Thuneri Village
Vadakara Village
Velom Village
Chelembra Village
Vazhakkad Village
Vazhayoor Village
Ezhuvathiruthy Village
Kalady Village
Maranchery Village
Perumpadappa Village
Ponnani Nagaram Village
Veliyancode Village
Cheriyamundam Village
28
Mangalam Village
Niramaruthur Village
Pariyapuram Village
Purathur Village
Malappuram
Tanalur Village
Tanur Village
Thalakkad Village
Tirur Village
Trikkandiyur Village
Triprangode Village
Vettom Village
Ariyallur Village
Moonniyur Village
Neduva Village
Parappanangadi Village
Thenhippalam Village
Tirurangadi Village
Vallikunnu Village
Alamkodu Village
Thiruvananthapuram
Anjuthengu Village
Attingal-Avanavancheri Village
Azhoor Village
Kadakkavoor Village
Keezhattingal Village
Kizhuvilam-Koonthalloor Village
Sarkara-Chirayinkeezhu Village
Vakkom Village
Chenkal Village
Karode Village
Karumkulam Village
Kottukal Village 38
Kulathoor Village
Poovar Village
Thirupuram Village
Vizhinjam Village
Attipra Village
Cheruvakkal Village
Kadakampally Village
Kadinamkulam Village
Manacaud Village
Menamkulam Village
Muttathara Village
Nemom Village
Pallipuram Village
Pettah Village
Thirumala Village
Thiruvallam Village
Thycaud Village
Veiloor Village
Ayiroor Village
Cherunniyoor Village
Edava Village
Manamboor Village
Ottoor Village
Varkkala Village
Vettoor Village
Vadama Village
Chavakkad Village
Edakkazhiyur Village
Engandiyur Village
Thrissur Guruvayur Village
Irimbranellur Village
Kadappuram Village
Kadikkad Village
Kundaliyur Village
Manathala Village
Mullassery Village
Nattika Village
Orumanayoor Village
Pavaratty Village
Perakam Village
Punnayur Village
Talikulam Village
Vadanappilly Village
Valappad Village
Venkidangu Village
Venmanad Village
Aala Village
Azhikode Village
Chendrapinni Village
Edathiruthy Village
Edavilangu Village
Eriyad Village
Kaipamangalam Village 52
Koolimuttam Village
Lokamaleswaram Village
Madathumpady Village
Methala Village
Padinjare Vemballur Village
Pallipuram Village
Panangad Village
Pappinivattom Village
Perinjanam Village
Poyya Village
Pullut Village
Edathirinji Village
Karumathra Village
Kattur Village
Padiyur Village
Puthenchira Village
Thekkumkara Village
Vallivattom Village
Karamukk Village
Kizhuppillikkara Village
Manalur Village
Padiyam Village
Thanniyam Village
Vadakkummuri Village
Annexure IV
CRZ Categories Village wise
District Taluk Village HTL Along HTL Along Ecologically Mangrove ITZ - CRZ IB Rocky Beach Pokkali CRZ II NDZ CRZ III Waterbody
2 2 2 2 2
Creek (Km) Seacoast Sensitive Buffer Zone (Km ) CRZ IB (Km ) Fields CRZ (Km ) (Km ) (Km ) CRZ IV B
2 2 2
(Km) Areas CRZ IA (Km ) IB (Km ) (Km )
2
(Km )
2 2
Alappuzha Ambalappuzha Alappuzha West Village 6.11 3.96 4042.75(m ) 0.02 0.27 2.00 336.09(m ) 0.03
Ambalappuzha North 2.06 0.41 0.60
Village
Ambalappuzha South 1.86 0.01 0.37 0.55
Village
Aryadu Thekku Village 4.26 2.46 0.07 1.23 0.04
Kalavur Village 14.87 4.27 0.26 1.06 1.09 0.07
2 2
Paravur Village 2.45 2.22 556.17 (m ) 0.14 92.12 (m ) 0.57 0.53 0.03
Pathirappally Village 5.96 3.67 0.05 0.83 1.05 0.04
Punnapra Village 9.26 3.91 0.23 0.93 1.05 0.06
Purakkad Village 4.50 9.16 0.26 1.66 2.31 0.23
Cherthala Arookkutti Village 37.73 0.13 0.39 0.21 0.12 0.89 6.12
Aroor Village 77.28 0.28 0.79 0.32 1.42 2.36 2.60
Arthunkal Village 12.90 5.60 0.39 1.25 1.28 0.05
Cherthala Thekku Village 2.26 0.03 0.05
Cherthala Vadakku Village 1.65 0.06 0.01
Ezhupunna Village 112.02 0.22 0.34 0.85 3.66 2.59 2.84
Kadakkarapally Village 22.30 3.76 0.05 0.19 0.22 0.37 1.50 0.33 0.18
2
Kodamthuruth Village 76.74 0.33 0.01 0.02 0.34 3.96 1.84 1035.62(m ) 1.77
Kokkothamangalam Village 27.23 0.22 0.98 3.11
Kuthiyathodu Village 35.13 1.38 0.02 0.11 0.22 2.63 1.63 0.08 0.43
Mararikkulam Vadakku 14.04 4.78 0.27 1.15 1.24 0.07
Village
Pallippuram Village 158.46 2.61 0.15 0.63 1.53 5.64 0.03 4.14 0.25 14.23
Panavally Village 44.31 0.01 0.06 0.18 1.01 1.00 5.69
Pattanakkad Village 80.73 3.67 0.08 0.33 0.36 2.91 2.85 0.20 0.57
Perumbalam Village 20.12 0.05 0.14 0.16 0.11 0.78 8.41
Thaikkattusseri Village 34.13 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.66 0.90 2.51
Thanneermukkam Vadakku 10.90 0.60(m2) 0.34 2.39
Village
Vayalar East Village 56.05 0.01 0.04 0.47 0.01 1.87 2.27
Karthikapally Arattupuzha Village 125.40 14.67 0.19 0.46 1.54 4.22 1.68 9.17
2
Chingoli Village 11.58 0.15 0.35 3386.319(m )
Kandallur Village 29.89 0.03 0.10 0.34 1.16 0.03
2 2
Karthikappally Village 36.03 2364.01(m ) 0.24 1025.62 (m ) 0.99 0.44
2
Kayamkulam Village 635.18 (m )
2
Keerikkad Village 8.30 3349.99(m ) 0.01 0.03 0.25 0.11
2
Krishnapuram Village 15.85 769.71(m ) 0.03 0.31 0.05 0.49
2
Muthukulam Village 12.12 602.83(m ) 0.10 0.58 0.02
2
Pathiyur Village 10.65 2369.42(m ) 0.15 0.09 0.13
2
Puthuppally Village 39.60 0.04 0.08 0.32 68.91 (m ) 1.14 4.35
2
Thrikunnapuzha Village 28.48 8.29 206.20(m ) 0.14 2.27 2.24 0.30
Ernakulam Kanayannur Amballur Village 7.21 0.05 0.27 0.19
Cheranallur Village 56.56 0.05 0.11 1.73 1.37 0.73 1.35 2.12
2
Edappally North Village 4.77 3119.69(m ) 0.13 0.04
2
Edappally South Village 11.61 2588.20(m ) 0.02 0.10 0.65 0.13
Elamkulom Village 29.97 0.07 0.21 0.15 1.05 2.36
Ernakulam Village 24.81 0.03 0.13 0.07 0.03 1.08 2.15
Kadamakkudi Village 81.43 0.06 0.07 0.60 4.74 1.99 4.40
2
Kakkanad Village 0.71 3996.32(m ) 0.04 0.02
2
Keecheri Village 2.77 4632.53(m ) 0.19 0.06
Kumbalam Village 104.83 0.27 0.78 1.19 0.98 2.52 11.90
Manakkunnam Village 21.32 0.15 0.28 0.45 0.98 1.39 8.73
Maradu Village 75.17 0.46 1.12 0.43 0.98 1.74 2.84
2
Mulavukad Village 89.72 0.52 1.81 0.44 2.19 0.76 (m ) 1.95 7.02
Nadama Village 38.52 0.02 0.07 0.50 1.59 1.02
2
Poonithura Village 20.46 1401.06 (m ) 0.01 0.07 0.77 0.26
Thekkumbhagam Village 14.74 0.24 0.43 0.17 1.58 0.36 0.73
Thiruvankulam Village 8.59 0.36 0.56 0.06
2
Vazhakkala Village 15.79 473.79(m ) 0.54 0.71 0.19
Kochi Chellanam Village 88.45 6.25 0.05 0.22 0.29 4.63 1.91 0.09 0.32
Edakochi Village 37.40 0.21 0.48 0.39 0.76 3.39
Edavanakkad Village 102.10 3.40 0.04 0.05 1.77 1.80 1.68 1.09
Elankunnappuzha Village 116.29 6.67 0.95 1.61 2.06 1.08 3.21 1.06 2.01
Fort Kochi Village 11.01 2.53 0.01 0.03 0.16 1.74 0.01 1.83
Kumbalangi Village 125.19 5.59 0.13 0.47 0.30 6.06 3.03 0.13 8.85
Kuzhupilly Village 37.71 2.34 0.01 0.02 0.96 1.95 1.10 0.18
Kuzhuppilly Village 19.29 2.83 0.01 0.02 0.13 0.14 0.91 0.06 0.35
Mattancheri Village 11.76 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.48 5.32
Nayarambalam Village 82.21 3.05 0.10 0.24 0.77 4.47 1.57 1.34
Njarakkal Village 60.51 2.19 0.18 0.44 0.94 1.69 1.16 0.01 1.76
Pallipuram Village 61.44 4.27 0.01 0.55 0.44 1.63 2.02
Palluruthi Village 47.05 3.46 0.63 1.45 1.29 0.34 1.25 0.02 2.70
2
Puthuvype Village 35.66 1.05 0.85 0.30 1086.43(m ) 0.90 1.56
2
Rameswaram Village 27.45 2.39 0.11 0.32 0.14 2.22 2967.77(m ) 1.85
Thoppumpadi Village 2.67 0.01 0.10 0.01
Paravur Alangad Village 13.32 0.02 0.09 0.10 0.03 0.61 0.48
2 2
Chendamangalam Village 37.42 3361.84 (m ) 0.01 1575.86(m ) 1.37 1.90
2
Elur Village 4.42 0.02 0.60 1773.761(m ) 0.03
2
Ezhikkara Village 26.99 0.01 1611.22 (m ) 0.13 2.21 0.83 3.37
2
Kadungallor Village 2.52 0.02 4702.51(m ) 0.21 0.21
Karumalur Village 24.49 0.01 0.02 0.02 1.17 0.68
Kottuvally Village 92.62 0.03 0.09 0.74 3.41 0.03 3.80 2.88
2 2
Muthakunnam Village 58.16 1795.32(m ) 0.11 163.23(m ) 0.88 0.60
Paravur Village 102.79 0.03 0.09 0.12 4.06 0.49 1.60 3.80
2
Puthenvelikkara Village 45.38 0.03 0.09 0.35 1302.00(m ) 2.34 3.12
2
Vadakkekkara Village 46.55 0.01 0.17 0.42 34.02(m ) 0.91 0.94
Varappuzha Village 36.21 0.02 0.06 0.28 2.30 0.01 1.34 1.25
Kannur Kannur Anjarakandi Village 0.09 0.06
2.70
Azhikode North Village 3.58 0.07 0.19 0.39 1.44 1.02 1.89
12.86
2 2
Azhikode South Village 3.76 946.18(m ) 0.14 0.01 4.20(m ) 0.74 1.15
2.17
Chelora Village 0.01 0.01
1.36
2
Chembilode Village 0.01 0.02 3667.49(m ) 0.04
0.45
Cherukunnu Village 1.27 2.50 3.22 3.32 3.47
56.10
2
Cheruthazham Village 0.18 0.61 0.91 642.70(m ) 1.07 0.45
22.61
2
Chirakkal Village 0.05 0.09 0.05 51.13(m ) 0.37 0.09 0.71
5.51
Edakkad Village 6.93 0.12 0.36 0.57 0.04 3.76 0.01 0.03
17.13
Elayavoor Village 0.01 0.01
1.23
Ezhome Village 1.28 1.47 2.81 2.11 2.35
39.22
2 2
Kadambur Village 0.06 0.10 0.04 0.14 2988.63(m ) 340583.23(m )
2.45
2
Kadannappally Village 0.01 0.04 55450.56(m )
1.18
Kalliasseri Village 0.42 0.32 0.25 0.51 0.54
7.65
Kannapuram Village 0.43 0.57 0.88 1.03 0.53
18.30
Kannur-I Village 7.42 0.05 0.01 0.22 0.04 2.71
3.55
Kannur-II Village 1.04 0.02 0.01 0.51 0.01
0.55
Kunhimangalam Village 0.54 1.14 1.35 1.77 0.68
34.68
Madayi Village 6.92 0.05 0.15 0.68 0.02 2.11 1.11 0.97
25.99
Makrery Village 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.75 0.34
12.97
Mattool Village 7.23 0.42 0.40 0.82 3.10 2.13 3.23
25.23
Mavilayi Village 0.09 0.21 0.16 0.42 0.21
8.67
2
Muzhappilangad Village 5.14 0.07 0.17 0.53 391.11(m ) 1.41 1.16 0.45
9.46
Narath Village 0.19 0.43 0.24 0.96 1.51
19.44
2 2
Pallikunnu Village 3.24 257.23(m ) 0.12 1.37 0.029(m ) 0.02
5.83
Pappinisseri Village 0.62 0.70 0.42 1.36 2.73
24.21
Valapattanam Village 0.03 0.11 0.07 0.23 0.36
3.50
2 2 2
Taliparamba Andhur Village 4288.86(m ) 4511.50(m ) 0.05 0.79 859.06(m ) 1.50
12.95
Chengalayi Village 0.02 0.55 0.58
7.68
Karivellur Village 0.04 0.09 0.12 0.21 0.04
5.15
2
Kayaralam Village 804.21(m ) 0.08 1.20 1.46
16.54
Kolacheri Village 0.02 0.07 0.09 0.24 0.39
2.94
Kooveri Village 0.30 0.12
3.55
2
Korom Village 0.10 0.45 0.34 0.88 2533.765(m ) 0.17
18.68
Kurumathur Village 0.02 0.01 0.43 0.48
5.73
2
Kuttiyeri Village 17.31(m ) 0.69 0.51
8.30
Morazha Village 0.21 0.47 0.51 0.78 0.11
13.02
2
Pariyaram Village 0.01 0.03 0.01 619.86(m ) 1.35 0.77
13.11
2
Pattuvam Village 0.95 1.45 1.81 397.27(m ) 1.73 1.44
25.38
2
Payyannur Village 0.54 1.01 1.02 2.30 2335.495(m ) 2.21
40.71
2 2 2
Peralam Village 922.72(m ) 5.72(m ) 0.01 8056.70(m )
0.36
Ramanthali Village 6.46 0.23 0.32 0.77 0.01 2.89 2.12 2.25
32.00
2
Taliparamba Village 0.07 0.13 0.10 0.56 1940.22(m ) 0.18
9.98
2
Vellur Village 0.04 0.16 0.17 0.69 1076.88(m ) 0.29
12.28
2
Tellichery Chokli Village 0.15 0.19 0.09 2520.18 (m ) 0.58 0.33
6.86
Dharmadam Village 3.27 0.31 0.69 1.34 0.02 1.30 0.56 0.93
20.20
Erancholi Village 0.02 0.09 0.59 0.75 0.29
13.35
2
Eruvatty Village 755.39(m ) 0.02
0.27
2
Kadirur Village 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.14 577.393(m )
2.59
Keezhallur Village 0.01 0.04 0.01
0.90
2 2
Kodiyeri Village 3.80 1406.65(m ) 0.19 0.02 2.24 971.31(m ) 0.24
4.13
Paduvilayi Village 0.06 0.58 0.22
14.22
Pathiriyad Village 0.39 0.18
7.26
Peringalam Village 0.16 0.08
3.57
Peringathur Village 0.06 0.14 0.12 1.02 0.48
14.95
Pinarayi Village 0.13 0.40 0.92 1.18 0.50
17.40
Thalassery Village 3.93 0.14 0.32 0.82 0.01 2.45 0.54
13.83
Thiruvangad Village 1.87 0.12 0.27 0.35 0.01 1.56 0.01 0.37
16.22
Thripangothur Village 0.11 0.08
3.14
2 2
Kasaragod Hosdurg Ajanur Village 4.93 1.83 2744.94(m ) 0.01 0.24 442.23(m ) 0.51 0.68 0.15
2
Balla Village 0.95 0.02 0.53 44.02(m )
Bheemandi Village 6.55 0.04 0.36 0.08
Cheemeni-I Village 10.15 0.11 0.66 0.28
Cheemeni-II Village 5.62 0.04 0.61 0.19
Cheruvathur Village 42.52 0.01 0.01 0.44 0.01 1.71 1.80
Chithari Village 23.68 2.14 0.02 0.03 0.33 1.15 0.11 0.46
Hosdrug Village 2.27 0.05 0.11 1.02
Kanhangad Village 4.36 6.39 0.18 0.34 3.41 0.06
Karinthalam Village 3.23 0.02 0.35 0.15
2
Kayyur Village 8.74 0.09 4779.31(m ) 0.72 0.54
2 2
Keekan Village 2.38 1.17 4.72(m ) 0.07 0.37 0.28 139.965(m )
Kinnanur Village 9.36 0.10 0.64 0.52
Klayikode Village 6.35 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.37 0.31
Nileshwar Village 30.74 3.89 0.11 0.01 0.52 3.25 1.27(m2) 1.14
Padana Village 66.17 10.93 0.08 0.08 1.30 0.25 4.46 1.67 7.90
Pallikkara-I Village 0.23 4.69 0.11 0.18 0.01 0.96 1.24 55.697(m2)
Pallikkara-II Village 12.08 2.87 0.01 0.31 2437.85(m2) 1.04 0.55 0.33
Panayal Village 1.84 0.02 0.22 4092.041(m2)
Perole Village 8.13 1198.80(m2) 0.09 0.53 0.44
Pudukkai Village 0.24 1583.07(m2) 0.02 0.01
Pullur Village 1.14 0.01 0.01
Trikaripur North Village 2.24 0.01 0.02 0.03 56.32(m2) 0.33 0.04
Trikaripur Sorth Village 46.14 7.78 0.10 0.26 0.80 3.10 0.15 4.38
Udinoor Village 0.13
Uduma Village 1.66 2.47 0.14 0.61 0.71 0.03
Kasargod Bombrana Village 12.13 0.27 0.30 0.29 0.38 0.86 0.01 0.95
Chengala Village 7.08 0.09 0.60 0.47
Edanad Village 1.41 1004.97(m2) 0.01 0.07 0.01
Hosabettu Village 10.10 1.80 0.04 0.08 0.36 0.75 0.36 0.33
Ichilangod Village 4.30 2.92 0.01 0.02 0.22 0.90 0.66 0.38
Kadambar Village 3002.65(m2) 0.01
Kalanad Village 16.95 3.14 0.02 1433.52(m2) 0.27 2486.578(m2) 355.52(m2) 1.50 0.78 0.80
Koipady Village 4.51 2.28 0.23 0.14 0.27 0.68 0.56 0.16
Kolathur Village 11.24 0.16 0.53 0.18
Kudlu Village 2.05 2.28 0.04 0.05 0.18 560.38(m2) 0.42 0.67 0.07
Kunjathur Village 2.38 4.02 0.02 0.07 0.25 0.86 1.23 0.13
Mogralu Village 4.50 2.08 0.04 0.11 0.19 0.63 0.47 0.06
Muliyar Village 3.30 0.04 0.34 0.16
Putturu Village 12.05 1.31 0.08 0.21 0.34 0.77 0.24 0.42
Thalangara Village 24.50 5.10 0.24 0.27 0.78 2.82 0.01 0.567(m2) 2.48
Thekkil Village 12.56 0.14 1.10 0.76
Uppala Village 5.05 10.27 0.02 0.05 0.71 1.90 2.14 0.24
Kollam Karunagapally Adinad Village 4.29 358.99(m2) 0.04 0.12 0.03 1015.671(m2)
Alappad Village 54.85 13.71 0.08 0.08 0.34 0.01 3.84 0.51 1.97
Ayanivelikulangara Village 14.01 0.06 4392.069(m2) 0.01 0.10 0.99 1.02
Chavara Village 15.43 3.60 0.02 0.07 0.06 1.35 0.47 1.18
Clappana Village 40.06 0.05 0.25 0.60 1.16 0.11
Kallalibhagom Village 10.70 0.12 10.417(m2) 0.84 0.53
Karunagappally Village 7.35 0.16 0.44 41.049(m2) 0.13
Kulasekharapuram Village 14.53 266.10(m2) 0.17 0.51 662.39(m2) 0.02
Neendakara Village 36.28 5.95 0.20 0.40 0.19 1.84 0.88 1.27
Panmana Village 22.00 2.11 0.01 0.04 0.31 1.60 0.51 1.32
Thekkumbhagom Village 20.90 0.05 0.11 0.05 0.94 2.30
Thevalkkara Village 10.82 4601.27(m2) 0.02 0.07 1.13 0.93
Thodiyoor Village 0.02 57.88(m2) 240.11(m2)
Kollam Adichanallur Village 35.49 0.01 0.04 1.35 1.78 2.15
Chirakkara Village 0.10 585.901(m2) 3845.004(m2)
East Kallada Village 18.41 831.22(m2) 2814.10(m2) 0.09 1.78 0.63
Eravipuram Village 6.03 2.57 464.49(m2) 0.02 0.90 65.07(m2) 40.45(m2) 0.25
Kilikollur Village 0.95 0.02 0.01
Kollam Village 15.68 10.07 0.01 0.02 0.11 2296.36(m2) 3.72 1.14
Mandrothuruth Village 99.30 0.22 0.52 2.64 2.08 2.21
Mangad Village 4.62 1549.68(m2) 2152.57(m2) 0.01 0.37 0.13
Mayyanad Village 13.22 2.08 2489.99(m2) 0.15 138.64(m2) 1.20 0.15 1.20
Meenad Village 31.76 0.01 0.02 0.50 1.17 1.76
Mulavana Village 37.81 0.03 0.08 0.10 2.56 6.76
Mundakkal Village 7.50 3.70 0.15 1.69 0.08
Nedumpana Village 3.59 0.09 0.29 0.35
Panayam Village 10.62 4367.11(m2) 0.01 0.01 1.08 2.67
Paravoor Village 31.34 5.27 0.01 0.02 0.13 0.01 3.41 1564.59(m2) 4.38
Perinad Village 18.86 0.02 0.07 0.02 1.63 4.75
Poothakulam Village 10.74 2010.432(m2) 0.80 1.87
Sakthikulangara Village 26.36 6.27 0.09 0.22 0.13 2.98 91.17(m2) 1.15
Thazhuthala Village 5.65 0.04 0.35 0.47
Thrikkaruva Village 40.36 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.10 2.11 679.05(m2) 22.90
Trikkadavoor Village 32.32 0.01 0.02 0.02 2.29 902.06(m2) 0.011(m2) 6.25
Kottarakkara Pavithreswaram Village 9.60 0.03 0.76 0.31
Puthur Village 0.29
Kunnathur Kunnathur Village 7.94 0.68 0.45
Mynagappally Village 6.81 0.19 0.50 0.16
Sasthamkotta Village 5.09 0.01 0.45 0.22
West Kallada Village 5.13 0.01 0.81 0.09
Kottayam Vaikom Chempu Village 740.711(m2) 0.79 0.82 3.26
29.44
Kulasekharamangalam 0.46 0.13 0.60 1.68
24.29
Village
Naduvila Village 0.33 0.26 0.22 1.56
13.13
Thalayazham Village 2567.413(m2) 0.02 0.21 0.24 1018.17(m2) 0.97 2.57
18.97
Vadakkemuri Village 0.78 0.19 1.28 0.98
38.22
Vaikom Village 3265.25(m2) 0.08 0.07 0.23 1.06 7.55
14.54
Vechoor Village 2110.46(m2) 0.01 0.07 0.40 1.55
10.72
Kozhikkod Koyilandy 0.01 0.07 0.05 0.50 0.21
Arikkulam Village 6.49
0.02 0.03 0.19 1.01 1.43
Atholy Village 13.45
0.03 0.01
Avittanallur Village 1.04
0.02 0.01
Balussery Village 0.79
0.04 0.13 0.87 2.72 1.13 1.49
Chemancherry Village 27.75 6.84
0.07 0.14 0.34 17.115(m2) 1.34 0.81 0.57
Chengottukavu Village 11.68 2.79
0.77 0.33
Cheruvannur Village 6.89
0.13 0.06 0.24 2.68 1.73
Iringal Village 26.03 3.83
0.02 0.07 0.12 0.71 0.83
Keezhariyur Village 8.65
0.04 0.05 0.27 0.898(m2) 1.69 1.89 0.67
Moodadi Village 5.18 7.46
4922.994(m2) 0.01 0.02 0.31 0.21
Naduvannur Village 10.15
0.04 0.09 0.20 2.22 49.354(m2) 0.32
Panthalayani Village 8.98 3.71
0.19 0.08 1.74 0.27
Payyoli Village 5.11 2.87
0.26 0.01 0.14 91.821(m2) 0.72 0.72 0.39
Thikkodi Village 6.95 2.37
0.02 0.09 0.09 0.72 0.58
Thurayur Village 8.61
0.03 0.11 0.18 1.44 1.00
Ulliyeri Village 23.38
0.01 0.02 0.10 1.72 32.721(m2) 0.45
Viyyur Village 6.82 3.01
Kozhikode 0.04 0.12 0.16 3.05 0.92
Beypore Village 6.30 5.60
0.02 0.07 0.05 0.35 0.33
Chelannur Village 3.65
0.08 0.21 0.05 0.90 0.79
Cheruvannur Village 14.57
0.14 0.44 0.38 4.46 4766.292(m2) 1.64
Elathur Village 35.32 1.19
0.06 0.17 0.05 0.44 0.31
Feroke Village 6.24
0.06 0.06 0.20 2.27 1.23 1.38
Kadalundy Village 24.20 4.94
0.01 0.02 0.06 0.63 0.96
Kakkodi Village 8.04
0.01 0.03 0.05 0.84 13.261(m2) 1.44
Karuvanthuruthy Village 10.32
4635.995(m2) 0.05 0.17 1.31 0.02
Kasaba Village 3.02 3.06
0.20 0.02
Katchery Village 3.91
0.10 0.20 0.29 0.45 0.08
Kottuli Village 12.53
0.05 0.03
Mavoor Village 0.46
0.01 0.05 0.13 1.55 0.09
Nagaram Village 2.24 3.40
0.03 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.69 0.49
Olavanna Village 24.41
0.04 0.13 0.12 1.45 0.17
Panniyankara Village 10.02 2.01
0.01 0.54 0.64
Pantheerankavu Village 6.35
0.43 0.40
Perumanna Village 4.27
0.24 0.26
Peruvayal Village 2.47
0.03 0.05 0.26 2.08 0.01
Puthiyangadi Village 2.92 4.73
0.01 0.41 11.529(m2) 0.77
Ramanattukara Village 5.21
0.03 0.06 0.16 2020.936(m2) 1.27 1.00
Thalakulathur Village 16.90
0.02 0.07 0.06 0.40 191.229(m2) 0.16
Valayanad Village 12.09
0.01 649.266(m2) 0.15 0.03
Vengeri Village 4.62
Vadakara 0.10 0.29 0.40 1.68 1.32 0.36
Azhiyur Village 12.72 4.06
0.16 0.61 0.98
Chorodu Village 0.11 3.06
3106.583(m2) 205.952(m2) 0.03 0.59 0.25
Edacherry Village 10.11
0.01 0.04 0.02 0.50 0.25
Eramala Village 6.49
0.04 0.18 0.11 1.15 0.96
Maniyur Village 16.56
2674.638(m2) 0.02 0.02 0.45 0.35
Nadakkuthazhe Village 11.41
0.14 0.58 0.88
Onchiyam Village 2.33 2.90
0.02 0.07 0.15 87.850(m2) 1.15 0.74
Palayad Village 17.40
2416.924(m2) 0.50 0.31
Thiruvallur Village 5.30
0.02 0.01
Thuneri Village 0.41
0.14 0.09 0.33 2.00 1291.998(m2) 0.86
Vadakara Village 17.06 5.83
0.13 0.06
Velom Village 1.27
Malappuram Kondotty Chelembra Village 8.24 0.07 0.16 0.05 0.30 0.03
Vazhakkad Village 2.68 0.24 0.31
Vazhayoor Village 12.24 4825.072(m2) 0.03 0.11 1008.692(m2) 0.99 1.49
Ponnani Ezhuvathiruthy Village 26.15 3232.369(m2) 0.83 1.30 4664.235(m2) 1.60
Kalady Village 1.20 0.10 0.13 0.21
Maranchery Village 7.60 31.672(m2) 0.01 0.356(m2) 0.69 0.51
Perumpadappa Village 5.07 2.94 0.07 0.66 0.83 0.04
Ponnani Nagaram Village 15.27 6.63 0.01 0.03 0.50 3.31 0.02 1.85
Veliyancode Village 18.00 1.78 0.01 0.05 0.24 0.88 0.62 0.11
Tirur Cheriyamundam Village 0.28 118.572(m2) 18.194(m2) 0.02 1584.145(m2)
Mangalam Village 23.59 3.67 0.12 0.19 0.35 1.77 1.01 0.76
Niramaruthur Village 9.70 3.23 0.10 0.83 0.94 0.11
Pariyapuram Village 14.40 2.15 0.02 0.07 0.22 1.40 0.71
Purathur Village 35.86 5.29 4784.677(m2) 0.01 1.46 2.79 0.81 4.26
Tanalur Village 4.84 143.856(m2) 0.088(m2) 0.12 0.14 0.06
Tanur Village 10.30 6.76 0.01 0.04 0.17 3.19 848.879(m2) 84.525(m2) 0.11
Thalakkad Village 4.55 0.07 0.13 0.19 0.34 0.13
Tirur Village 13.02 4150.797(m2) 652.891(m2) 0.03 0.45 11.281(m2) 0.15
Trikkandiyur Village 8.28 0.05 0.11 0.10 0.42 0.13
Triprangode Village 1.36 0.18 0.11 0.10
Vettom Village 29.39 5.02 0.09 0.18 0.53 2.834(m2) 2.41 1.46 0.56
Tirurangadi Ariyallur Village 7.58 3.35 0.02 0.07 1.20 1.05 0.34
Moonniyur Village 1.37 248.802(m2) 0.19 0.02
Neduva Village 0.42 55.952(m2) 0.11 0.001(m2) 0.01
Parappanangadi Village 1.95 6.91 0.08 0.18 3.52 19.402(m2) 5.339(m2) 0.02
Thenhippalam Village 9.43 2185.049(m2) 0.08 0.59 0.44
Tirurangadi Village 0.37 3198.869(m2) 0.01
Vallikunnu Village 19.86 1.70 0.45 0.26 0.22 1.60 0.34 1.00
Thiruvanathapuram Chirayinkeezhu Alamkodu Village 0.36 0.02 916.399(m2) 0.01
Anjuthengu Village 25.71 5.79 3244.345(m2) 0.70 1.72 0.71 1.11
Attingal-Avanavancheri 4.83 0.29 0.10
Village
Azhoor Village 25.04 741.409(m2) 0.27 0.80 0.13 0.51
Kadakkavoor Village 5.10 0.01 0.27 0.26 0.02
Keezhattingal Village 5.86 0.37 0.21
Kizhuvilam-Koonthalloor 6.74 0.837(m2) 0.23 0.12
Village
Sarkara-Chirayinkeezhu 57.97 5.47 277.857(m2) 0.42 2.15 0.52 1.31
Village
Vakkom Village 10.26 844.174(m2) 0.10 0.57 16.892(m2) 0.03
Neyyattinkara Chenkal Village 0.80 0.04 0.02
Karode Village 0.16 0.03 0.11 470.180(m2)
Karumkulam Village 0.25 4.60 0.34 0.93 1.37 0.01
Kottukal Village 3.44 2.85 0.36 0.01 328.630(m2) 0.60 0.77 0.06
Kulathoor Village 25.27 1.96 0.21 1.14 0.34 0.41
Poovar Village 10.65 2.11 1407.509(m2) 0.22 0.69 0.39 0.35
Thirupuram Village 2.05 0.02 0.11 0.04
Vizhinjam Village 0.94 10.24 0.22 0.09 3.39 146.459(m2) 0.02
Thiruvananthapuram Attipra Village 28.53 5.40 526.967(m2) 0.58 3.07 205.251(m2) 502.940(m2) 0.94
Cheruvakkal Village 0.76 1383.771(m2) 0.13 364.892(m2)
Kadakampally Village 15.19 3.45 0.30 2.19 0.14
Kadinamkulam Village 65.09 5.16 4055.474(m2) 0.87 2.34 1.28 3.21
Manacaud Village 7.38 0.467(m2) 0.32 0.08
Menamkulam Village 10.17 4.86 0.37 1.486(m2) 1.17 1.47 0.10
Muttathara Village 12.50 5.53 0.25 2.90 0.20
Nemom Village 8.70 0.24 0.16
Pallipuram Village 2.73 3002.325(m2) 0.15 0.01
Pettah Village 5.62 2.41 0.15 1.34 0.07
Thirumala Village 0.16 0.01 2859.168(m2)
Thiruvallam Village 14.38 3.35 0.16 1.95 86.372(m2) 0.39
Thycaud Village 0.10 0.01 1369.459(m2)
Veiloor Village 5.32 0.02 0.47 0.03
Venganoor Village 362.969(m2) 0.03
Varkala Ayiroor Village 18.15 4.716(m2) 0.69 1.54
Cherunniyoor Village 14.32 0.06 0.45 0.60
Edava Village 4.48 4.97 0.13 0.01 99.512(m2) 1.26 1.41 0.17
Manamboor Village 23.94 116.060(m2) 0.15 0.58 2.21
Ottoor Village 0.05 0.05 179.839(m2)
Varkkala Village 16.24 4.26 0.16 4692.592(m2) 2.27 102.703(m2) 362.377(m2) 0.16
Vettoor Village 6.58 2.96 0.21 18.170(M2) 0.71 0.90 0.05
Thrissur Chalakkudy Vadama Village 13.24 0.10 0.32 0.88 0.66 0.15
Chavakkad Chavakkad Village 4.48 0.04 0.09 0.06 0.32 0.17 0.01 0.39
Edakkazhiyur Village 8.20 1.98 181.639(m2) 0.22 3945.292(m2) 0.72 0.70 0.11
Engandiyur Village 26.59 0.03 0.13 0.16 1.45 1.46
Guruvayur Village 5.05 0.04 0.10 0.04 0.23 0.02
Irimbranellur Village 3.00 0.01 0.25 0.35
Kadappuram Village 25.01 7.68 4508.969(m2) 0.21 596.842(m2) 2.75 1.60 1.45
Kadikkad Village 8.92 3.05 0.23 0.87 0.93 0.09
Kundaliyur Village 14.84 0.03 0.10 0.07 0.13 0.97 1.01
Manathala Village 11.66 4.94 0.33 2.88 1.351(m2) 3.979(m2) 0.20
Mullassery Village 0.66 36.224(m2) 0.01 0.01 0.09 210.4789(m2)
Nattika Village 13.72 2.39 0.13 1.15 0.63 0.74
Orumanayoor Village 9.59 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.72 0.98
Pavaratty Village 3.11 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.28 0.16
Perakam Village 1.89 4773.339(m2) 0.07 0.05
Punnayur Village 8.59 3.71 0.31 0.94 1.18 0.07
Talikulam Village 3.33 4.06 0.13 1.02 1.28 0.24
Vadanappilly Village 28.48 6.31 3434.801(m2) 0.10 2.28 1.15 0.70
Valappad Village 4.55 5.93 0.32 1.22 1.76 0.06
Venkidangu Village 1.44 0.01 0.09 0.22
Venmanad Village 9.67 0.03 0.10 0.14 0.04 0.46 1.47
Kodungalloor Aala Village 26.04 0.03 0.14 0.49 0.70 0.51
Azhikode Village 21.28 3.37 4697.653(m2) 0.03 0.12 3569.574(m2) 1.12 0.54 1.32
Chendrapinni Village 5.23 1.13 0.08 0.32 0.26 0.08
Edathiruthy Village 14.83 0.52 0.014(m2) 0.33
Edavilangu Village 7.78 1.88 0.01 0.43 0.56 0.04
Eriyad Village 11.62 2.08 1004.806(m2) 0.01 0.03 0.55 0.60 0.06
Kaipamangalam Village 7.72 3.47 0.20 0.81 1.06 0.06
Koolimuttam Village 1.17 2.70 0.02 0.54 0.80
Lokamaleswaram Village 7.03 4535.061(m2) 4988.559(m2) 0.04 0.29 0.72
Madathumpady Village 1.01 1544.755(m2) 0.01 0.06 0.01
Methala Village 39.10 0.02 0.07 0.16 1.22 259.1364(m2) 2.30
Padinjare Vemballur 1.23 3.68 0.03 0.72 1.02 467.613(m2)
Village
Pallipuram Village 15.43 0.07 0.16 1.39 0.58 0.82 0.43
Panangad Village 2.25 14.685(m2) 432.121(m2) 0.01 0.15 0.14
Pappinivattom Village 12.10 0.01 0.05 0.06 0.45 0.36
Perinjanam Village 4.00 1.83 0.01 0.52 0.57 0.02
Poyya Village 8.23 0.10 0.17 0.26 0.54 0.62
Pullut Village 31.64 0.38 0.89 2.37 0.04 1.29 0.01 0.96
Mukundapuram Edathirinji Village 9.11 109.196(m2) 0.01 0.25 0.17
Karumathra Village 11.47 0.02 0.11 0.76 2.709(m2) 0.74 0.19
Kattur Village 3.67 0.13 0.03
Padiyur Village 25.59 0.02 0.05 0.21 0.96 0.44
Puthenchira Village 24.69 0.25 0.77 3.23 0.09 110.191(m2) 1.51 0.67
Thekkumkara Village 6.65 0.02 0.10 0.29 16.107(m2) 0.37 0.16
Vallivattom Village 35.84 0.10 0.40 1.04 1.72 0.73
Thrissur Karamukk Village 13.34 0.01 0.89 0.92
Kizhuppillikkara Village 5.11 0.25 0.16
Manalur Village 1.97 0.20 0.04
Padiyam Village 0.51 0.13 0.01
Thanniyam Village 1.21 0.25 0.01
Vadakkummuri Village 4.18 0.32 0.05
Total 7010.7 585.11 22.69 43.70 105.85 0.33 71.84 138.55 282.76 80.78 400.27
Annexure V
Coastal Land use Taluk wise
Wetlands/
Wetlands/ Wetlands/ Water Wetlands/
Barren/ Barren/
Built- Built- Forest, Water Water Bodies, Water
Agriculture, Agriculture, Agriculture, Barren/Unculturable/ Unculturable/ Unculturable/ Built-up,
up, up, Swamp/ Bodies, Bodies, Reserv Bodies,
Taluk Crop land Fallow Plantation Wastelands, Barren Wastelands, Wastelands, Mining
Rural Urban Mangroves Coastal Inland oir/ River/
(km2) (km2) (km2) rocky (km2) Sandy area Scrub land (km2)
(km2) (km2) (km2) Wetlan Wetland Lakes/ Stream/
(km2) (km2)
d (km2) (km2) Ponds Canals (km2)
(km2)
Kasaragod
Hosdurg 1.89 0 7.63 0.00 0.48 0.00 0 22.17 0.38 0.12 0 0.03 0 0.01
Kasaragod 4.93 0 6.50 0.13 0.69 0.06 0 9.11 0.25 0.03 0 0.07 0 0.03
Kannur
Kannur 3.52 0 7.30 0.00 0.01 0.03 0 9.31 16.98 0.80 0 0.05 0 0.03
2430.30
Taliparamba 1.47 0 8.82 0.06 0.03 0.00 0 2.92 4.34 0.09 0 0 0.03
(m2)
3528.21
Thalassery 0.16 0 2.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 2.66 7.88 0.00 0 0.00 0
(m2)
Kozhikode
1445.74
Koyilandy 0.06 0 7.28 3591.34 (m2) 0.00 0.00 17.05 0.16 0.34 0 0 0 0.01
(m2)
Kozhikode 0.02 0 5.32 0.00 0.29 0.30 0.00 2.65 16.61 0.15 0 0 0 0.04
Vadakara 0.03 0 2.74 1920.76 (m2) 0.03 0.00 0.00 7.37 2.24 0.12 0 0 0 0.01
Malappuram
Kondotty 0.00 0 1.02 0 0.00 0 0 0.50 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0.01
Ponnani 0.03 0 0.88 0 0.14 0 0 0.11 7.17 0.00 0 0 0 0.09
4810.72
Tirur 0.01 0 6.31 0 0 0 6.48 4.83 0.55 0 0 0 0.05
(m2)
Tirurangadi 0.01 0 2.04 0 0.00 0 0 0.75 5.69 0.09 0 0 0 0.01
Thrissur
Chalakkudy 0.07 0 0.28 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0.04
Chavakkad 3.42 0 5.52 0 0.60 0.09 0.01 2.73 15.17 0.29 0 0 0 0.03
Kodungalloor 1.47 0 4.58 0 0.15 0.00 0.00 9.48 0.56 0.24 0 0 0 0.00
Mukundapuram 0.77 0 3.80 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.70 0.00 0 0 0 0.02
Thrissur 0.15 0 0.83 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77 0.26 0.00 0 0 0 0.03
Ernakulam
Kanayannur 0.76 0 1.73 0 0.00 0.20 0.00 7.34 8.94 0.04 0 0.05 0 0.02
Kochi 0.48 0 1.99 0 0.16 0.12 1.58 9.23 11.58 0.14 0 0.09 0 0.00
Paravur 0.32 0 1.47 0 0.00 0.02 0.00 4.62 9.77 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.04
Kottayam
Vaikom Taluk 0.03 0 5.09 0 0 0 0 0.63 0 0 0 0 0 0.02
Alappuzha
Ambalapuzha 0.00 0 7.87 0 0 0 0 5.74 1.63 0 0.45 0.54 0.00 0.02
2194.35
Cherthala 0 26.24 0 0 0 00 3.44 0.00 0 0.00 0.12 0.01 0.00
(m2)
Karthikapally 0.00 0 11.49 0 0 0 0 3.72 0.06 0 0.03 0.18 0.00 0.00
Kollam
Karunagapally 0.00 0.02 10.70 0 0.49 0.00 0 5.30 0.20 0.21 0.04 0.17 0.04 0
Kollam 0.02 0.00 20.10 0 0.16 0.01 0 7.19 4.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0
Kottarakkara 0.00 0.00 0.78 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Kunnathur 0.00 0.00 2.01 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Thiruvananthapuram
Chirayinkeezhu 0.00 0 6.13 0.00 0.18 0.01 0.00 1.71 0.00 0 0 0 0.00 0
Neyyattinkara 0.00 0 5.12 0.02 0.79 0.00 0.00 3.99 0.00 0 0 0 0.01 0
Thiruvananthapuram 0.27 0 6.95 0.00 0.40 0.04 0.06 3.08 8.27 0 0 00 0.00 0
Varkala 0.00 0 5.40 1920.76 (m2) 0.14 0.01 0.00 2.76 0.00 0 0 0 0.02 0
Comparison of KERALA CZMP 1996 and draft CZMP Annexure VI
1. KASARGOD District
Local Bodies under CRZ Local Bodies under CRZ
(CZMP 1996) (as per draft CZMP)
Municipalities :2 Municipalities :3
Kasaragod and Kanhangad
Kasaragod, Kanhangad and Nileshwar
Grama Panchayats : 18 Grama Panchayats : 21
Manjeshwar, Meenja, Mangalpady, Kumbla,
Manjeshwar, Meenja, Mangalpady,
Mogral-Puthur, Puthige, Chengala, Chemnad,
Kumbla, Mogral-Puthur, Chemnad,
Muliyar, Bedadukka, Pallikkara, Uduma,
Muliyar, Bedadukka, Pallikara, Uduma,
Ajanur, Pullur - Periya, Cheruvathur, Kinanur-
Ajanur, Madikai, Nileswaram,
Karinthalam, Kayyur-Cheemeni, West Eleri,
Cheruvathur, Padanna, Valiyaparamba,
Padanna, Valiyaparamba and Trikkaripur.
Trikkaripur and Pilicode
 Nileswaram GP was in CRZ III (as per CZMP 1996) and it has been notified in 2015
as a Municipality thus the CRZ landward of HTL is CRZ II (as per new CZMP).
 Pilicode Grama Panchayat was under CRZ as per CZMP 1996 and it was excluded in
new CZMP (A bund has been constructed near to Edachakkai to regulate tidal flow
upstream of the thodu (small streamlet) flowing through the Panchayat)
 Madikkai Grama Panchayat was under CRZ as per CZMP 1996 and it was excluded
in new CZMP (The regulator cum bridge constructed near Puthukkai regulate the tidal
influence in Nileswaram River)
 Pullur Periya Gram Panchayat was not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996, but the tidal
influence (salinity 5ppt) in Chittari (Pullur Puzha) is extends further upstream about
0.5km in Pullur Periya Grama Panchayat).
 Kinanur-Karinthalam, Kayyur-Cheemeni and West Eleri GPs were not under CRZ in
CZMP 1996. But the tidal influence (5ppt) extends about 20km upstream up to
Kakkadav resulting in these 3 Panchayats within the purview of CRZ.
Rivers/Tidal Changes in Tidal Extent
Waterbody
Talapady, Shiriya, Not much changes in tidal extent

Kalanad
Uppala Reduced by 1.4 km due to the construction of regulator/bund near

Mangalapady
Kumbla Reduced by 0.5 km due to the construction of regulator/bund near

Ganesh Nagar
Nileswaram Puzha Reduced by ~10km due to the construction of regulator/bund near

Puthukkai
Mogral Tidal influence extends upstream about 1km
Kavvayi Tidal influence extends upstream about 1km
Karyamkod Tidal influence extends upstream about 20 km
Pulluru puzh Tidal influence extends upstream about 0.5 km
Chittari puzha Tidal influence extends upstream about 0.7km
Chandragiri Tidal influence extends upstream about 11 km
Payaswini Tidal influence extends upstream about 6 km
Bekal Hole(waterbody) Tidal influence extends upstream about 1km
2. KANNUR District
(CZMP 1996) (As per draft CZMP )
Corporations : Nil Corporations : 1 Kannur
Municipalities :4 Municipalities :5
Kannur, Payyannur, Thaliparamba and Payyannur, Thaliparamba, Thalassery, Anthoor

Thalassery and Panoor
Grama Panchayats: 38 Grama Panchayats : 37
Ramanthali, Kunhimangalam, Cheruthazham, Karivellur-Peralam, Ramanthali, Kunhimangalam,

Madayi, Ezhome, Pariyaram, Cherukunnu, Cheruthazham, Kadannappally-Panapuzha,
Pattuvam, Kannapuram, Mattool, Kalliasseri, Madayi, Ezhome, Pariyaram, Chapparapadavu,
Pappinisseri, Mayyil, Valapattanam, Cherukunnu, Pattuvam, Kannapuram, Mattool,
Chirakkal, Azhikode, Chembilode, Kadambur, Kalliasseri, Pappinisseri, Mayyil, Kurumathur,
Peralassery, Vengad, Pinarayi, Kolacheri, Chengalayi, Kolacheri, Narath, Valapattanam,
Dharmadam, Muzhappilangad, Eranholi, Chirakkal, Azhikode, Chembilode, Anjarakandy,
Kadirur, New Mahe, Chokli, Kariyad, Kadambur, Peralassery, Vengad, Keezhallur,
Edacheri, Kodiyeri, Eruvatti, Edakad, Narath, Pinarayi, Dharmadam, Muzhappilangad, Eranholi,
Pallikunnu, Andur, Karivellur – Peralam, Kadirur, New Mahe, Chokli and Thrippangottur
Thrippangottur
 Panoor GP was not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996. Presently Panoor Municipality is
formed by merging Panoor, Peringalam and Karyad GPs. Therefore CRZ category
landward of erstwhile Peringalam and Karyad Panchayats now categorized as CRZ II.
 By extending certain parts of the Thaliparamba Municipality and erstwhile Anthoor

GP, Anthoor Municipality has been formed. Therefore, those areas of CRZ III
belonging to the former Anthoor GP now re-categorized as CRZ-II.
 Kadannapally – Panapuzha GP was not under the purview of CRZ as per CZMP
1996, but the tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Perumba River extends further
upstream about 2km and the banks of Kadannapally – Panapuzha Grama Panchayat is
now under CRZ.
 Chapparapadavu GP was not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996, but the tidal influence
(salinity 5ppt) in Kuppam River extends further upstream about 12km in
Chapparapadavu Grama Panchayat).
 Kurumathur and Chengalayi, GP were not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996, but the
tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Valapattanam River extends further upstream about
6.8km in Kurumathur and Chengalayi Grama Panchayat).
 Keezhallur GP were not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996, but the tidal influence
(salinity 5ppt) in Anjarakandy River extends further upstream about 12km in
Ancharakandy, Vengad and Keezhallur GP).
 Tidal Influence in Eranjoli River reduced by 1.7 km from CZMP1996 due to the
construction of Check dam at Kunuduchira.
Rivers/Tidal Water Changes in Tidal Extent

body
Kavvayi Tidal influence extends further upstream about 4.5 km
Vayalapra No change
Perumba Tidal influence extends further upstream about 2 km
Mahe No change
Eranjoli Reduced by 1.7 km from 1996, due to the construction of Check dam
at Kunuduchira.
Anjarakandi Tidal influence extends further upstream about 12 km
Valapattanam Tidal influence extends further upstream about 6.8 km
Kuttikkol Tidal influence extends further upstream about 1.5 km
Kuppam Tidal influence extends further upstream about 12 km
Pazhayangadi No change
Dharmadom No change
3. KOZHIKODE District
(CZMP 1996) (As per Draft CZMP)
Corporations : 1. Kozhikode Corporations : 1. Kozhikode
Municipalities : 2 Municipalities :5
Quilandy, Vadakara Vadakara, Payyoli, Koyilandy, Ramanattukara,

Feroke
Grama Panchayats : 30
Atholi, Arikkulam, Maniyur, Azhiyur,
Beypore, Cheruvannur-Nallalom, Azhiyur, Edacherry, Thuneri, Eramala, Onchiyam,
Chengottukavu, Chorode, Chorode, Maniyur, Thiruvallur, Velom,
Chemancherry, Chelannur, Edacherry, Cheruvannur, Thurayur, Thikodi, Moodadi,
Eramala, Elathur, Feroke, Keezhariyur, Keezhariyur, Naduvannur, Kottur, Ulliyeri,
Kakkodi, Kadalundy, Maniyur, Balusseri, Chengottukavu, Atholi, Thalakulathur,
Moodadi, Naduvannur, Olavanna, Chemancherry, Chelannur, Kakkodi, Olavanna,
Onchiyam, Payyoli, Peruvayal, Perumanna, Peruvayal, Mavoor, Kadalundy
Ramanattukara, Thurayur, Thikodi,
Thalakulathur, Ulliyeri, Vazhayur
 Elathoor, Beypore, Nallalam GP has been added to Kozhikode Corporation and the
CRZ landward is categorized as CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Payyoli, Ramanattukara and Feroque were under CRZ III as per CZMP 1996, and
now these becomes Municipality, so the CRZ landward is CRZII as per draft CZMP.
 Part of Arikkulam GP is added to Quilandy Municipality and the CRZ landward of

Quilandy and Arikkulam is now CRZ II.
 Thiruvallur and Velom GP were not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996 but the tidal
influence (salinity 5ppt) in Kuttiyadi river is further extended upstream about 9.5 km
resulting this Thiruvallur and Velom Panchayats are now within the purview of CRZ.
 Tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Chittari river is further extended upstream about 2.5
km and therefore Kottur and Balusseri GP within the purview of CRZ in draft CZMP.
Rivers/Tidal Waterbody Changes in Tidal Extent
Mahe Tidal influence extended towards upstream about 400 m
Kuttiyadi Tidal influence extended towards upstream about 9.5 km
Chittari puzha Tidal influence extended towards upstream about 2.5 km
Kallayi puzha Tidal influence extended towards upstream about 0.7 km
4. MALAPPURAM District
(CZMP 1996) (As per draft CZMP)
Corporations : Nil CORPORATIONS : Nil
Ponnani, Tirur Parappanangadi, Tirurangadi, Tanur, Tirur, Ponnani
Vazhayur, Chelambra, Vallikkunnu, Thenhipalam, Vazhakkad, Vazhayur, Chelambra, Vallikkunnu, Thenhipalam,

Moonniyur, Tanalur, Vettom, Triprangode, Moonniyur, Tanalur, Niramaruthur, Cheriyamundam, Vettom,
Purathur, Maranchery, Veliyancode, Thalakkad, Triprangode, Mangalam, Purathur, Kaladi,
Perumpadappu, Parappanangadi, Tirurangadi, Maranchery, Veliyancode and Perumpadappu
Tanur, Izhivathiruthi
 Parappanangadi, Tirurangadi and Tanur GP now becomes Municipality and the CRZ
landward of HTL is CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Vazhakkad GP was not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996 but the tidal influence (salinity
5ppt) in Chaliyam river is further extended upstream about 0.8 km resulting this
Vazhakkad GP within the purview of CRZ.
 Tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Kadalundi river decreased downstream about 12 km.
(The regulatory bund constructed near to Mannatampara to regulate the tidal
influence).
 Cheriyamundam GP was not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996 but the tidal influence
(salinity 5ppt) in Tirur puzha is further extended upstream about 1.5 km in CZMP
2011.
Decreased by 12 Km due to regulatory bund constructed near to

Kadalundi Mannatampara to regulate the tidal influence.
Purapparamba Tidal influence extended towards upstream about 0.9 Km
Tirur puzha Tidal influence extended towards upstream about 1.5 Km
5. THRISSUR District
(CZMP 1996) (As per dratf CZMP)
Corporations : NIL Corporations : NIL
Kodungallur, Chavakkad Chavakkad, Guruvayoor ,Kodungallur
Eriyad, Methala, Vellangallur, Perinjanam, Punnayoorkulam, Punnayoor, Kadappuram,

Edavilangu, SreeNarayanapuram, Pavaratty, Orumanayoor, Mullassery,
Mathilakam, Padiyur, Kodungallur, Engandiyoor, Venkitangu, Vadanappilly,
Puthenchira, Mala, Kaipamangalam, Manalur, Thalikulam, Anthikkad, Nattika,
Valappad, Kattoor, Edathiruthy, Nattika, Thanniam, Valappad, Edathiruthy, Kattoor,
Thanniam, Thalikulam,Vadanappilly, Kaipamangalam, Padiyoor, Perinjanam,
Manalur, Anthikkad,Engandiyur, Mathilakam, Vellangalur, Sree
Venkitangu, Kadappuram, Orumanayoor, Narayanapuram, Puthenchira, Edavilangu,
Pavaratty, Punnayoor, Punnayurkulam, Eriyad, Mala and Poyya
Poyya, Mullassery, Thaikad, Pookode.
 Pookode and Thaikad GP now becomes part of Guruvayoor Municpality and the CRZ landward of
HTL is CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Methala GP now becomes part of Kodungallor Municipality and the CRZ landward of HTL is CRZ II
in draft CZMP.
 Arappas (Tidal influenced creeklet) were not considered in CZMP 1996, However the salinity of
Arappas in Thalikulam, Nattika, Perinjanam, Mathilaka, Sreenarayanapuram, Valappad and
Kaipamangalam GP is more than 5 ppt, so these are considered in draft CZMP.
 The tidal influence of Azhikod canal increased in upstream about 4km.
6. ERNAKULAM District
Local Bodies under CRZ (CZMP 1996) Local Bodies under CRZ (CZMP 2011)
Corporations :1 Corporations :1
Kochi Corporation Kochi Corporation
Tripunithura, Paravur Paravur, Eloor, Thrikkakara, Kalamassery,

Thrippunithura and Maradu
Chellanam, Kumbalangi, Udayamperur,
Kumbalam, Maradu, Elamkunnapuzha, Vadakkekkara, Chendamangalam,
Mulavukad, Thrikkakara, Njarakkal, Puthenvelikara, Chittattukara, Pallippuram,
Kadamakuddy, Nayarambalam, Kunnukara, Karumalloor, Kottuvally,
Cheranalloor, Varapuzha, Edavanakad, Ezhikkara, Kuzhappilly, Edavanakkade,
Kuzhupilly, Ezhikara, Kottuvally, Alangad, Nayarambalam, Varapuzha,
Alengad, Ezhikkara, Pallipuram, Kadungallur, Kadamakkudy, Njarakkal,
Vadakkekara, Chennamangalam, Cheranallur, Elamkunnapuzha, Mulavukade,
Puthenvelikara, Chellanam, Kumbalam, Kumbalangy,
Udayamperoor and Amballur
 Elur GP becomes Elur Municipality and the CRZ landward of HTL is CRZ II in draft
CZMP.
 Thrikkakkara GP becomes Thrikkakkara Municipality and the CRZ landward of HTL
is CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Maradu Grama Panchayat becomes Maradu Municipality and the CRZ landward of
HTL is CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Thiruvankulam GP merged with Thrippunithura Muncipality and the CRZ landward
of HTL is CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Karumallor and Kadugallur GP was not under CRZ as per CZMP 1996 but the tidal
influence (salinity 5ppt) in Periyar river is further extended upstream about 4.0 km
and these GP comes under the purview of CRZ in draft CZMP.
 The tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Kaniyampuzha river is further extended
upstream about 7 km, so that Kalamassery Municipality, Thikkakkara Municplaity
and part of Thrippunithura Municipality (erstwhile Thiruvankulam GP) are now
comes under the purview of CRZ in draft CZMP.
7. KOTTAYAM District
Vaikom Vaikom
Chembu, Maravanthuruthu, Chembu, Maravanthuruthu, Udayanapuram,

Udayanapuram, T V Puram, Thalayalam,
Thalayalam and Vechoor
T V Puram and Vechoor
Muvattupuzha river No change in main channel, but the tidal influence of a tributary
flowing through Udayanapuram Grama Panchayat has been
extended further upstream of about 2km.
 There are no major changes in HTL except for a tributary of Muvattupuzha River
which is flowing through Udayanapuram Grama Panchayat where in HTL has been
further extended upstream of about 2km.
 Small tide influenced channels (thodu) in Vechoor Grama Panchayat having width of
about 10m are also included under new CZMP.
8. Alappuzha District
Alappuzha, Cherthala, Kayamkulam Cherthala, Alappuzha, Harippad and

Kayamkulam
Aroor, Arookutty, Perumpalam,
Ezhupunna, Panavally, Kodamthuruth, \Aroor, Arookutty, Perumpalam, Ezhupunna,
Kuthiathode, Thycattussery, Thuravoor, Panavally, Kodamthuruth, Kuthiathode,
Pattanakkad, Chennam-Pallippuram, Thycattussery, Thuravoor, Pattanakkad,
Vayalar, Kadakkarapally, Cherthala South, Chennam-Pallippuram, Vayalar,
Thanneermukkom, Mararikkulam North, Kadakkarapally, Cherthala South,
Mararikkulam South, Punnapra, Thanneermukkom, Mararikkulam North,
Ambalappuzha, Purakkad, Mararikkulam South, Punnapra North,
Thrikkunnappuzha, Karthikapally, Punnapra South, Ambalappuzha North,
Arattupuzha, Muthukulam, Kandalloor, Ambalappuzha South, Purakkad,
Devikulangara, Kayamkulam, Aryad, Thrikkunnappuzha, Karthikapally, Arattupuzha,
Cherthala, Vayalar Pattanakkad, Chingoli, Muthukulam, Pathiyoor, Kandalloor,
Chennam-Pallipuram Devikulangara, Aryad and Krishnapuram
 Small portion of Thanneermukkam GP merged into Cherthala Municipality.

 Harippad GP, parts of Pallippadu, Chingoly and Karthikappally GP were merged
together and formed the Harippad Municipality. So the CRZ land of HTL for
these local bodies in draft CZMP is CRZ II.
 A portion of Krishnapuram GP merged with kayamkulam Municipality and the
CRZ landward of HTL is CRZ II in draft CZMP.
 Arappas (tidal influenced creeklet) were not considered in CZMP 1996, However
the salinity of Arappas in Cherthala south, Punnappra North, Punnappra South,
Purakkad, Trikunnapuzha Mararrikulam North, Alapuzha Municipality and
Mararikulam south were more than 5 ppt, so these Arappas has been considered
in draft CZMP.
9. Kollam District
Local Bodies under CRZ (CZMP Local Bodies under CRZ (CZMP 2011)
1996)
Corporations : NIL Corporations :1
Municipalities : 2 Kollam Municipal Corporation
Kollam, Paravoor Municipalities :2
Grama Panchayats : 24 Karunagappally and Paravoor
Adichanallur, Alappad, Chathannoor, Grama Panchayats : 26

Chavara, East Kallada, Clappana,
\Adichanallur, Alappad, Chathannoor, Chavara, East
Iravipuram, Kulasekharapuram,
Kallada, Clappana, Kulasekharapuram, Kundara,
Kundara, ,Mundrothuruthu,
Kunnathoor, Mundrothuruthu, Mayyanad,
Mayyanad, Mynagappally,
Neendakara, Sasthamkotta, Panmana, Mynagappally, Nedumpana, Neendakara, Panayam,
Panayam, Perayam, Perinad, Panmana, Pavithreswaram, Perayam, Perinad,
Poothakulam, Trikadavoor, Poothakulam, Sasthamkotta, Thekkumbhagom,
Karunagapalli, Thekkumbhagom, Thevalkkara, Thodiyoor, Thrikkaruva and West
Kallada
Thodiyoor, Thrikkaruva and West
Kallada
 Trikadavoor GP is recently added to the Kollam Municipal Corporation and the

CRZ landward of HTL in Trikadavoor is CRZ II.
 Kunnathur GP was not under CZMP 1996, but the tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in
Kallada river extends further upstream about 12km in Kunnathur Grama
Panchayat).
 Pavithreswaram GPs was not under CZMP 1996, but the tidal influence (salinity
5ppt) in Kallada river extends further upstream about 12km.
 A very small portion (less than 200m) of Kallada River was part of CRZ as per
CZMP 1996. Currently the tidal influence of Kallada River extends further
upstream about 12km and hence CRZ areas within Sasthamkotta Grama
Panchayat bordered by Kallada River have been included under CRZ in new
CZMP (as per CRZ Notification 2011).
 Certain areas in Nedupana GP fall on the banks of the kayal extension of
Kottakkayal which is influenced through tide from Ithikkara
Ithikara Tidal influence extends further upstream about 7 km.
Kallada Tidal influence extends further upstream about 12 km.
Pallikal Tidal influence extends further upstream about 1.8 km.
10. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM District

Corporations :1 Corporations :1
Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation

Corporation
Municipalities :2
Municipalities : 2
Varkala and Attingal
Varkala and Attingal
\Edava, Elakamon, Vettoor, Cherunniyoor, Ottoor,
Karode, Kulathur, Poovar, Karumkulam, Anchuthengu, Vakkom, Manamboor, Kadakkavoor,
Kottukal, Thiruvallam, Venganoor, Chirayinkeezhu, Kizhuvilam, Azhoor,
Vizhinjam, Kadakampalli, Kazhakuttam, Kadinamkulam, Mangalapuram, Andoorkonam,
Attipra, Ulloor, Kadinamkulam, Venganoor, Kottukal, Karumkulam, Poovar,
Mangalapuram, Andoorkonam, Edava, Thirupuram, Chenkal, Kulathoor and Karode
Elakamon, Vettoor, Cherunniyoor, Ottoor,
Anchuthengu, Vakkom, Manamboor,
Kadakkavoor, Chirayinkeezhu, Kizhuvilam,
Azhoor, Chemmaruthi
 Thirupuram & Chenkal GP were not under the purview of CRZ as per CZMP
1996 but due to tidal influence (salinity upto 5ppt) in Neyyar river extending
further upstream about 3.8 km in CZMP 2011.
 Tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Karmana river further extended upstream about
6.5 km and hence CRZ areas within Thiruvnanthapuram Corporation by the river
has extended as per draft CZMP 2011.
 Tidal influence (salinity 5ppt) in Vamanapuram river extends further upstream
about 3 km in CZMP 2011.
Neyyar Tidal influence extends further upstream about 3.8 km
Karamana Tidal influence extends further upstream about 6.5 km
Vamanapuram Tidal influence extends further upstream about 3 km

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COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN OF KERALA (CZMP)

NATIONAL CENTRE FOR EARTH SCIENCE STUDIES

NATIONAL CENTRE FOR EARTH SCIENCE STUDIES

I Local bodies Under CRZ 31

1.1. Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) Planning Process

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |1

1.2. Purpose and Scope of CZMPs

1.3. Generation of Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP)

Management of coastal ecosystems through CRZ requires identification and mapping of

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |2

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |3

2. The State of Kerala

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |4

2.2. Coastal Geomorphology and Ecosystem

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |5

3. CRZ for the State of Kerala

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |6

3. Under ‘Guidelines for preparation of Coastal Zone Management Plans’ in Annexure

4. Setback Lines and CRZ Categories.

4.1. High Tide Line

4.2. Low Tide Line

4.3. Setback lines

4.4. CRZ Categories

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |8

The CRZ I has two classes CRZ IA and CRZ IB.

Coastal Zon e Management Plan of Kerala |9

The CRZ IV is further categorized into CRZ IV A and CRZ IVB.

(iii) The CRZ area of Goa.

Morphological signatures are good indicators of shoreline oscillation and inundation of

c. Permanent Vegetation Line

d. Tidal flats and mudflats

e. Rocks, Headlands, Cliffs

f. Coastal Sand dunes

5. Methodology for the Preparation of CZMP

48 L/13/SW,48 L/14/NE, 48 L/14/NW,48 L/14/SE,48 L/15/NE,48P/2/SW,48 P/3/NW,48

Table 1. The major mangroves species in Kerala

Sl. Vernacular Name

2 Avicennia officinalis L. Uppatti, Uppootti Avicenniaceae

3 Rhizophora mucronata Lam. Pranthankandal Rhizophoraceae

4 Rhizophora apiculata Blume Vallikandal Rhizophoraceae

5 Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Savi. Penakandal Rhizophoraceae

6 Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. Swarnakandal Rhizophoraceae

7 Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume Kuttikandal Rhizophoraceae

8 Excoecaria agallocha L. Kammatti Euphorbiaceae

15 Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. Kadakandal Combretaceae

Table 3. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kasaragod District.

Table 4. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kannur District.

6.4 CRZ of Malappuram District

6.5. CRZ of Thrissur District

6.6 CRZ of Ernakulam District

Table 8. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Ernakulam District.

6.7 CRZ of Kottayam District

Table 9. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kottayam District.

Taluk HTL Mangroves Mangrove ITZ Pokkali NDZ CRZ II CRZ IV

Table 10. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Alappuzha District.

Table 11. Taluk wise distribution of CRZ Categories of Kollam District.

The major backwaters and tide influenced river/waterbody in Thiruvananthapuram District