ADVANCE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

AND MATERIALS

KOMAL ARORA
SEM X
DR DY PATIL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

TOPIC : FIVE STAR HOTEL AT PUSHPAK NAGAR , NAVI MUMBAI

The concerned design proposal here aims at creating an iconic Business hotel for Navi
Mumbai which does not have many many five Star properties yet. The hotel design here not
only concentrates on robust and efficient space planning, but also on the aesthetic values
which define modern day hospitality ethos and suffice the need of the program keeping in
mind the airport at its vicinity and its influence.
Hotel can be defined as “Home away from home” for the guests who come to the hotel as
they receive homely environment and services in the hotel.
The site is located at Pushpak Nagar, here the climate is TROPICAL subdivided in hot and
humid

 Average temperature- 26.8 C

 Average rainfall -3044 mm
 Relative humidity-73%
 Soil type- Black soil

Concrete is the most commonly used man-made material on earth. It is an

important construction material used extensively in buildings, bridges, roads and dams. Its
uses range from structural applications, to paviours, kerbs, pipes and drains.
MAINLY , the Materials used would be as follows:

1. CONCRETE

Figure 1
Concrete is a composite material,
consisting mainly of Portland
cement, water and aggregate (grav
el, sand or rock).
When these materials are mixed
together, they form a workable
paste which then gradually hardens over time.

There are numerous positive aspects of concrete:

i. It is a relatively cheap material and has a relatively long life with
few maintenance requirements.
ii. It is strong in compression.
iii. Before it hardens it is a very pliable substance that can easily be shaped.
iv. It is non-combustible.
The characteristics of concrete are determined by the aggregate or cement used, or by the
method that is used to produce it. The water-to-cement ratio is the determining factor in
ordinary structural concrete with a lower water content resulting in a stronger concrete.

The tensile strength of concrete can be improved with the addition of metal rods,

wires, cables or mesh. Where very high tensile stresses are expected (such as in wide
unsupported spans in roofs or bridges) concrete can include pretensioned steel wires. This
creates compressive forces in the concrete that help offset the tensile forces that
the structure is subject to.
Some of the structures having used concrete as the main element are as follows:

Figure 2 showing Raffles hotel in dubai Figure 3 showing glass reinforced concrete

Figure 4 showing Marriot hotel Figure 5 showing Miura hotel

2.COBIAX SLAB TECHNOLOGY

Slab  Cobiax Slab: Excellent roofing system, Used as an alternative to conventional

construction systems and reduced concrete and rebar in construction.
These tiles are of the type Ball = Double deck slab
Cobiax is a unique roofing system, used as an alternative to traditional structural systems.
Occupies a place in roofs to remove dead and inefficient loads in concrete, which reduces the
amount of concrete and reinforcement in the construction.
Cobiax also distinguishes concrete quantities by 99% due to fully closed Cobiax models.

In addition to the many benefits provided by the presence of the cage that contains the
problems of the vacuum.
System features: mns up to 20 meters)
* Reduce seismic forces by 20%
* Technical advantages (reduction of concrete and iron quantities, reduction of columns,
distances between column.
* Speed of implementation
* Provide in building materials and time

3. FOUNDATION TYPE FOR BLACK COTTON SOIL

Under-Reamed Piles Foundation is an answer in area where black cotton soil could cause
structural instability. Many times, during, soils undergo volumetric changes due to moisture
variation underneath the ground surface. This expansion and shrinkage can cause distress
which is very dangerous and critical as far as bearing of the foundation is concerned. The fact
is that Under Reamed Piles are considered as most safe and economical foundation for such
black cotton soils or expansive soils.

Under-Reamed Pile

A cast-in-situ concrete pile with an enlarged bulb at bottom made by either cutting or
scooping out soil or by any other suitable process is called Under-Reamed Pile. Under-
Reamed Piles are also called bored cast-in-situ concrete piles.
A pile formed in the ground for transmitting the load of structure to the soil by the resistance
developed as its tip or along its surface or both is termed as bearing piles. If the piles supports
primarily by resistance developed at pile point or base, it is referred to as an “End- Bearing
Pile” and if the load as supported primarily by friction along its surface, the pile is termed as
Friction Pile. When it is primarily meant for resisting uplift or pull, it is called an “Anchor
Piles”.

4. SKYLIGHT – Feature for roof

Figure showing skylight Figure showing skylight

CUSTOM SKYLIGHT

This types of skylights are preferred when the roof condition doesn’t allow any common type
of skylights. Majorly when the aesthetic appearance of the building is to be improved, this
skylight adds to the beauty of the building.

They can be of any geometric shape and size as per the requirement. The only things to be
ensured in this type of custom skylights are that the material used and the fillets are correctly
used. The materials must be hurricane resistant glass and temperature control and rain
sensors.
 5. FOR LOBBY, ENTRANCE PORCH

Waffle slab or ribbed slab is a structural component which is plain on its top and contains
grid like system on its bottom surface. The top of ribbed slab is normally thin and the bottom
grid lines are generally ribs which are laid perpendicular to each other with equal depth.
Waffle slab has two directional reinforcement.

All the ribs are directed from column heads or beams. The depth of ribs maintained is as
same as depth of column head or beam. Because of the ribs and double reinforcement, it is
more stable and recommended for larger span slabs or foundations.

Figure showing WAFFLE slab

The construction of waffle slabs can be done by three ways as follows.

In-situ

Precast

Prefabricated

Figure showing WAFFLEFigure

slab showing WAFFLE slab
5. ACP SHEETS (Aluminium
composite panel)
A sandwich panel is any structure made of three layers: a low-density core, and a thin skin-
layer bonded to each side. Sandwich panels are used in applications where a combination of
high structural rigidity and low weight is required.Sandwich panels are an example of
a sandwich structured composite: the strength and lightness of this technology makes it
popular and widespread. Its versatility means that the panels have many applications and
come in many forms: the core and skin materials can vary widely and the core may be
a honeycomb or a solid filling. Enclosed panels are termed cassettes.

Figure showing use of acp sheet Figure showing use of acp sheet
Figure showing use of acp sheet Figure showing use of acp sheet

CONCLUSION
Mainly the material used would be concrete as the primary material along with glass façade
and acp sheet panels for elevational treatment , the type of foundation sitable for soil would
be reemed pile.