CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

For 40 years,
we’ve been putting
C02 in its place.

HALLIBURTON
 You have CO2

challenges

Safe, effective carbon capture

and storage (CCS) from Halliburton,
the world’s leading provider
of carbon dioxide (CO2) solutions
The Challenge:
Effectively, Efficiently Capture
and Store Excess CO2

W hen coal, oil, gas and other

materials are burned, they produce
carbon dioxide. Numerous studies show
carbon dioxide to be the major human-
related source of greenhouse gases and
the world is aggressively looking for
practical ways to reduce or neutralize
its carbon dioxide emissions.

This is a short sheet

 The Solution:
CCS from Halliburton

O f all the methods currently being

tested and evaluated for commercial
use, carbon capture and storage (CCS)
is widely considered to be the most
practical and effective means to reduce

This is a short sheet

emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases

(GHGs) into the atmosphere. CCS involves
transporting CO2 from power plants and other
industrial businesses to depleted saline aquifers
and oil and gas reservoirs. Once there, the CO2
is injected into the reservoir via a well where it
is monitored to prevent leakage.
For more than 40 years, Halliburton has
provided CO2 leadership for enhanced oil
We have CO2
recovery (EOR)—safely and efficiently
injecting CO2, producing oil and recycling
CO2 from production in over 15,000 wells.
solutions
From this experience we’ve assembled and
refined the tools to make CCS a reality.

These components include site selection,

subsurface assessment and characterization;
field and well design and planning; well
placement, wellbore integrity and drilling;
completions and containment; operations;
monitoring, verification and accounting; and
regulatory compliance throughout the CCS
project life cycle.
An emphasis on

safety
CO2 Storage Framework

R emoving CO2 from the atmosphere and

then ensuring it’s locked away in below-
ground storage, safe and secure for many
decades to come, is critical.

Phase 1: Site Certification

Multiple sites are appraised for CO2
acceptance and leakage before the optimal
storage site is selected.

Phase 2: Operation
In the operation phase, detailed planning, This is a short sheet
surface work, well drilling, casing and
cementing are followed by CO2 injection–
which could vary from a few years to decades.

Phase 3: Closure
This phase employs monitoring, verification
and accounting to control risks after CO2
injection ceases. At this point, all systems
are constantly monitored to ensure equipment
is functioning properly.
 Phase 4: Post Closure
Closure data determine if a site no longer
requires monitoring—or needs additional
monitoring and/or remediation.

Post decommissioning has an extremely

long time horizon of hundreds, if not
thousands, of years.

This is a short sheet

Maintaining long-term

security
The industry’s leading CO2

technology
Technologies and Services
for CO2 Storage

W ith over 1,500 consultants— supported

by 5,000 engineers and scientists —
Halliburton can provide the expertise and
analysis to assist in site selection and seismic
data analysis for determining safe CO2 storage;
reservoir modeling and simulations; risk
analysis; design injection plans and more.

Halliburton’s Project Management engineering

teams provide a full range of services from
project definition, construction and operation This is a short sheet
to planning and executing mitigation efforts.

By integrating health, safety and environment

(HSE) core values into all business activities,
our Project Management teams strive to
proactively meet regulatory requirements
and mitigate risks to lower operating costs.

For a further detailed listing of products and

services, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs.
 Halliburton CCS Expertise in Action

Backed by four decades of expertise and

experience, Halliburton’s recent carbon capture
and storage-related projects span the globe.
They include:

PEMEX CO2 Processing Facility

Faced with the challenge of reducing the
environmental venting impact of CO2 and
natural gas, PEMEX—Mexico’s national oil
company—turned to Halliburton.

This is a short sheet At PEMEX’s Carmito, Mexico, CO2 processing

facility where for 10 years Halliburton
maintained and operated CO2 capturing and
injecting facilities for nearby enhanced oil
recovery (EOR) wells, the goal has been to
sequester enough CO2 to prevent 8,459,550
tons of CO2 emissions from 2004 through
2013. Based on Halliburton’s operational
success to date, PEMEX is evaluating other
opportunities and has identified 75 additional
candidates for CCS projects.
Japan CCS Project
Japan CCS Corp. Ltd., a privately held
company dedicated to CCS, recently charged
Halliburton with providing engineered
solution designs that would reliably deliver
the wellbore integrity and zonal isolation
necessary to help prevent CO2 leaks during
the injection period and throughout the life of
the well. Halliburton delivered solutions
via an unprecedented integrated problem-
solving approach.

Department of Energy (DOE) CCS

Demonstration Project
In the U.S., Halliburton was selected for a
demonstration project located at Mississippi
Power’s Daniel project site in Escatawpa,
Mississippi. Approximately 4,000 tons of
carbon dioxide were successfully injected
through the well and stored 9,000 feet below
the surface. Halliburton’s Vertical Seismic Across-the-board

expertise
Profiling service was then deployed to
document how the carbon dioxide affects
the aquifer.

For more on project experience, go to

www.halliburton.com/ccsprojectexperience.
answers
to your CO2 questions
How is CO2 Stored?

The storage of CO2 uses many of the same

technologies that Halliburton developed for
energy extraction, including well drilling,
injection and reservoir simulation technology.

Geological storage options include:

• Depleted oil and gas reservoirs

• Deep saline formations onshore

and offshore

• Injection of CO2 into enhanced oil and gas

recovery (EOR and EGR) operations This is a short sheet
• Injection of CO2 for coalbed
methane recovery

CO2 and CCS Fast Facts

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are those gases

(including carbon dioxide, methane, ozone
and fluorocarbons) whose absorption of solar
radiation is responsible for the greenhouse
effect (the heating of the Earth via the
atmosphere’s ability to capture and recycle
energy emitted by the Earth’s surface).
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) is composed of two
oxygen atoms and one carbon atom. The
main human-related source of CO2 in the
atmosphere is from the burning of fossil
fuels (coal, oil, gas).

Carbon Capture and (Underground) Storage

(CCS) is a process to separate CO2 from
industrial and energy-related sources (such
as a power plant, chemical factory or steel
mill), and then to transport it to a storage l
ocation where it can be isolated from the

This is a short sheet atmosphere.

Storage refers to the process of injecting

and isolating the CO2 into deep geologic
formations such as depleted oil and gas
reservoirs or saline aquifers. Storage sites must
be carefully characterized to ensure they can
sequester CO2 for extensive periods of time.
 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

CO2 Resistant Cementing Solution

Challenges From less harsh environments such as dry CO2 at low
temperatures, to the extremely harsh environment of wet
• What kind of cement should I use and how should
CO2 at high temperatures, CorrosaCem cement blends
I place it in the annulus to ensure zonal isolation
provide engineers with the means to design sealants
and well bore integrity?
for the life of the well. CO2 in the presence of water can
• What cement should I choose to comply with local produce carbonic acid that, in some cases, may contact
regulations in well construction and remediation? and slowly weaken cement by a chemical conversion
called carbonation. In these cases, the cement may
Solution
lose enough strength to potentially impair zonal
Halliburton’s WellLife® III cementing service is isolation integrity versus other cases with no issues.
particularly suited to situations encountered in CO2 Therefore, potential CO2-induced corrosion of the
enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon capture and cement sheath in CCS wells is an area that needs to
storage (CCS) wells where long-term zonal isolation be evaluated and addressed.
is critical and can be at risk due to the potentially
Two members of the CorrosaCem cement family
harsh CO2 environment. The three steps of theWellLife
specifically designed for CO2 environments are
III cementing service include: 1) understanding the
CorrosaCem NP and CorrosaCem CO2 sysetem.
requirements of such wells, 2) designing a slurry to
CorrosaCem NP systems are non-Portland-based blends
survive the current and future wellbore conditions,
that, by removing the Portland cement portion of the
and 3) providing redundant backup when the issues
blend, avoid the aforementioned carbonation issue.
are as crucial as the global environment, long-term
CorrosaCem NP systems can utilize either Halliburton’s
productivity, or both, and thus require that the seal does
proprietary ermaLock™ (calcium phosphate) or
not fail over the planned operating life of the well and
EPSEAL® (epoxy) sealant technologies. CorrosaCem CO2
after well abandonment.
blend uses field-proven Portland and reduced-Portland
With Tuned® cements, Halliburton has created a set blends with more than 30 years of successful history.
of fit-for-purpose solutions that allow each cement ese blends are designed to minimize the carbonation
system to be designed specifically for any given set of effect in CO2 wells. Laboratory core flow tests show that
wellbore conditions. One example, Halliburton’s specially CorrosaCem CO2 cement can limit CO2 penetration to a
formulated CorrosaCem™ cement blends are engineered shallow layer and instantly seal its permeability when
for long-term zonal isolation in particularly corrosive exposed to CO2.
wellbore environments.
The properties of Halliburton’s CorrosaCem CO2 cement
Halliburton goes beyond the conventional cement- slurries, in conjunction with decades of global experience
design method that predominantly focuses on well- and the application of Halliburton’s best cementing
construction activities by engineering slurry designs that practices, can provide an engineered cement sheath
overcome destabilization at any point during the life of with improved endurance in sensitive CO2 injection
the well to retain wellbore integrity and zonal isolation. wells. Because carbonation is known to occur when
cement sheath is exposed to CO2, Halliburton’s global

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

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 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

commitment to the environment and to our customers’ • CorrosaCem NP cement – A non-Portland cement
need for engineered cementing systems has led to the and nonfoamed system that constitutes the most
development of systems that have properties that could resistant slurry systems available to the market
be expected to better endure the impact of corrosive when the desire is to eliminate carbonation and
downhole environments that are prone to changes even not just minimize the effects. Elimination of the
as the well ages and reservoir-characteristics change. Portland cement component of these systems allows
Halliburton’s corrosion-resistant engineered-cement for maximum protection in all CO2 environments.
systems are tailored to specific operator requirements Foamed versions of these systems are available as
– reservoir type, reservoir properties, temperatures, CorrosaSeal cement.
pressure, and the injected gas composition are some of
the factors to consider when selecting the ideal sealant.

Highlighted Technologies and Services

• CorrosaCem CO2 cement – A family of non-foamed

cement systems that are designed to survive in the
corrosive environment created by the presence of
CO2. CorrosaSeal™ CO2 cement, a foam version of
these systems, is also available when reduced density
or other benefits inherent in a foam system are
Laboratory core flow test results in the figure show that
desired or required. CorrosaCem™ CO2 cement can limit CO2 penetration to a shallow
• ElastiCem® CO2 cement – A family of cementing layer and very quickly seal permeability when exposed to CO2.
solutions with enhanced mechanical properties and Test conditions
increased CO2 resistance. The foam version of these BHST: 104°C (220°F)
systems is also available as ElastiSeal™ CO2 cement. Confined pressure: 2,000 psi
• LifeCem™ CO2 cement – Non-foamed cementing Initial flow: ~3.4 std. ccN2/min
solutions designed for corrosive environments that Final flow: non-detectable
exhibit superior cement sheath mechanical properties Time to STOP flow: ~6 min]
as well as react-and-respond, interventionless
automatic re-sealing characteristics. The foam
version of these systems is also available as
LifeSeal™ CO2 cement.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

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 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Project Consulting
Challenge planning. FEL methodology aligns an operator’s
technical and business goals to create a more
How can I expand my team to ensure I have the skills
comprehensive development plan. By integrating
and experience I need to complete my project?
professionals from multiple surface and subsurface
Solution disciplines and equipping them with the industry’s
latest technology, the FEL approach increases project
With over 1,500 consultants—supported by over 5,000
definition and lowers risk to positively impact ROI.
engineers and scientists–Halliburton can provide
Halliburton’s FEL approach contains three critical
expertise and analysis in site selection, seismic data
elements: a well-defined uncertainty and optimization
analysis for determining safe CO2 storage, reservoir
framework, the industry’s best technologies for
modeling and simulations, risk analysis, design injection
integrated asset modeling, and the creation of
plans and more.
multidisciplinary teams that generate unique
Highlighted Technologies and Services project insights.

• Modeling for real-time evaluation of:

· CO2 injection pilot projects
· CO2 injection operations performance

• Optimize CO2 injection in real-time

· Control plume development
· Maximize storage capacity
· Maintain minimum miscibility pressure (MMP)

• Monitoring, verification and accounting to

verify critical performance factors
· CO2 containment within reservoir
and outside wellbores
· CO2 displacement efficiency
· Sweep enhancement for enhanced oil recovery
(EOR) production wells
· Wellbore integrity inside wells to contain CO2

• Approximately 70 percent of industry projects in the

last five years were not completed on time or within
budget. Solving this challenge requires strategic
know-how from the very beginning of a project.
Front-end loading (FEL) is a methodology that
takes a deliberate approach to capital project

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H00000 09/2009
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 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Enhanced CO2 Injection for Storage

& Hydrocarbon Recovery
Challenges

• How do I accelerate the injection rate and/or • For a cased and cemented hole application,
increase reservoir capacity for CO2 injection? CobraMax® Fracturing Service is the best process
because the proppant can be pumped down the
• How do I maximize recovery from my CO2
annulus area between casing and tubing, reducing the
enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project?
overall treating pressure and allowing for placement
Solution of high conductivity fracs for optimum CO2 injection.

For decades, Halliburton has been injecting fluids and

CO2 into reservoirs to optimize hydrocarbon production.
Now we are using those same technologies to enhance
CO2 injection for storage and continuing to create
innovative processes and tools to address the challenges
in CO2 injection whether it is for storage or EOR.

Highlighted Technologies and Services

• SurgiFrac® Fracturing Service allows the placement

of a fracture in open holes to complete a long
horizontal well for gas injection. During the
SurgiFrac process all fluids are pumped down the
tubing and use the jetting to place the fracture,
thus keeping the pressure off the wellbore. Liners
(slotted or perforated) can also be installed after the
SurgiFrac Process.

In the SurgiFrac process, sand-laden fluid pumped through a

Hydra-Jet™ tool impinges on the formation creating a cavity.
As the cavity is formed, pressure on the bottom of the cavity
increases, eventually initiating a fracture. Annular fluid is pulled
into the fracture, helping to extend it.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

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 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Project Management
Challenges Regulatory requirements
Our Project Management teams strive to proactively
• How can I minimize non-productive time (NPT)
meet regulatory requirements, integrate Health, Safety
and lost time incidents (LTI)?
and Environment (HSE) core values into all business
• How will I manage and measure all of the resources activities and mitigate risks to enable safe, on-time and
working on the project? on-budget operations.

• Who can I trust to drill, cement, and case my wells?

• Who can complete cased hole logging, casing

inspections and CO2 injection placement
optimization during operation?

• Who can create and execute maintenance

and remediation plans?

Solution

Halliburton’s Project Management engineering teams

provide a full range of carbon capture and storage
(CCS) services.
Streamlined service delivery
End-to-end approach
Our teams include a qualified service coordinator who
From project definition, construction and operation to
manages all Halliburton and third-party providers.
planning and executing mitigation efforts, Halliburton
The coordinator leverages Halliburton’s global supplier
is available to assist in achieving your project objectives.
network to build locations, deliver rigs, mobilize
Halliburton’s ability to provide services end-to-end
personnel, perform on-site surveys and inspections
minimizes NPT and LTI, which can prevent cost
and schedule services and equipment. This streamlined
overruns.
approach combined with our through application of
Global perspective and local knowledge disciplined processes helps ensure the lowest total cost
Our experience includes CCS projects around the for your project.
globe. Halliburton project management team’s have
access to Halliburton’s extensive global experience,
expertise, technology and infrastructure. At the same
time Halliburton can provide personnel to manage your
project that are familiar with the local history of your
particular geological storage option ensuring a global
perspective on local problems. Proven technology,
experience and global reach – that’s what you get when
you select Halliburton as your CCS service provider.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H00000 09/2009
©2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.
 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Site Selection and Certification

Challenges · Uncertainty and optimization software can be
used to evaluate hundreds of scenarios quickly,
• What criteria should I consider when selecting
taking into account the surface, subsurface and
a storage site?
economics.
• How do I characterize and identify potential
leakage pathways?
• How do I quantify the reservoir properties for
the storage system?
• How do I develop well plans and simulate
injection scenarios?
• How do I validate the accuracy of my models?
• How should I assess risks and consider
geomechanical properties?

Solution

Whether you need to appraise potential storage sites or

• A Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) provides a much
ensure that all of the information you need for pre-
higher-resolution image of the subsurface in the
injection certification is available, Halliburton can help.
vicinity of the well than can be obtained from surface
Highlighted Technologies and Services seismic data. VSP services can be used to determine
CO2 plume migration over time within the reservoir.
• Reservoir simulation and uncertainty and
optimization software can provide the following: • Surface deformation measurement technology via
· Screening reservoirs or saline aquifers for InSAR and tiltmeters to determine CO2 plume
CO2 storage capacity location and movement over time.
· Quantitative estimate of CO2 flow through
• From traditional 2-D and 3-D seismic interpretations
surface pipeline networks
to powerful multivolume visualization, Halliburton
· Quantitative estimate and movement of
provides proven, robust solutions that help ensure
CO2 plume development
accurate geophysical interpretation and high
· Risk assessment of CO2 leakage or
productivity in the most demanding basins or
non-containment
reservoirs.
· Probabilistic estimate of CO2 plume movement
in a progressive modeling framework • DecisionSpace® Earth Modeling Software provides 3D
· Fluid flow simulations give a clearer picture of multi-volume geocellular modeling and visualization.
how gas is distributed in the reservoir at any
• See project consulting sheet for more information
moment and at any place. This allows assessment
on Halliburton project consulting services.
of the working volume, the peak injection and
withdrawal rates, etc.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H00000 09/2009
©2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.
 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Monitoring and Leak Detection

Challenges Tiltmeters can be strategically placed around the site to
determine surface deformation caused by pressuring
• What monitoring techniques should I deploy to
the storage formation above the initial reservoir
accommodate site specific characteristics, minimize
pressure. Ground dilation may be on the order of
risk, and meet regulatory requirements for an MVA
millimeters to centimeters per year depending on the
(Monitoring, Verification and Accounting) program?
injection depth, rate and volume.
• How do I identify leaks or unplanned CO2
• Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is
plume migration?
a satellite-based technology in which a radar beam is
Solution bounced off the ground and the travel time recorded
at the satellite. The measured reflection of those
Halliburton stands alone with our comprehensive suite
waves provides information on the position of the
of measurement technologies, our risk reduction
ground surface with millimeter accuracy. InSAR data
services and our ability to integrate them into a
is used for monitoring CO2 injections by mapping
unique monitoring system to directly and indirectly
the injection induced ground deformation and then
measure where CO2 is migrating underground both
converting that surface motion into reservoir level
horizontally and vertically. From the ability to deploy
strain and volumetric changes. This analysis can help
tiltmeters with nano-radian accuracy to InSAR with
determine whether injected CO2 is staying in target
huge spatial coverage, we have the ability to apply the
zone or migrating to a shallower depth.
right technology to the problem at hand. Additional
offers include seismic data review, permanent downhole
pressure and temperature measurement and analysis
as well as fiber optic Distributed Temperature Sensing
(DTS) systems which can monitor real-time temperature
along the entire wellbore. Halliburton extends your
vision to where it is needed most.

Highlighted Technologies and Services

• Halliburton’s unique microseismic and tiltmeter

fracture mapping service involves installing an array
of instruments over a project area to identify, fracture
initiation and propagation and to measure reservoir
level changes which cause uplift or subsidence that
can be observed at surface. Microseismic mapping has
been used on thousands of hydraulic fracturing jobs
to measure fracture geometry, to enhance injection
and production rates and recovery, and to ensure
fractures do not extend outside of the placement limits.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

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 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

• High Resolution GPS employs a high precision

Differential GPS (DGPS) system with an absolute
vertical resolution of typically 1-2 mm, and lateral
resolution in the 1 mm range. The systems can be
deployed on their own to provide monitoring of
structures and warn of out-of-bounds movement,
or they can be integrated with InSAR and tiltmeter
datasets to increase the accuracy of
those measurements.

• Halliburton’s monitoring capability includes

distributed temperature sensing based on fiber optic
monitoring technology. Additionally, permanent and
retrievable downhole monitoring products provide
accurate and reliable real-time data that can be used
to assess the CO2 storage environment and make
informed decisions regarding reservoir management.

• Information from monitoring systems can be provided

to Halliburton’s Real Time Centers™ (RTCs™). Fully
adaptable to the needs and conditions of a particular
location, RTCs integrate all aspects of a project,
from prospect generation to well planning, drilling,
evaluation, optimization, field delineation, reservoir
modeling, injection and monitoring.

RTCs provide the ability to monitor operations

and storage sites remotely while fostering efficient
collaboration among team members, improving safety,
helping reduce costs and, ultimately, enabling our
customers to make better decisions.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

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 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Wellbore Placement, Drilling and Completions

Challenges

• Does my drilling and completion plan minimize within each formation. Our unique StrataSteer® 3D
cost and maximize injectivity? Geosteering Service employs proprietary software and
• How do I ensure I comply with local regulations innovative downhole tools to place wells in the
on the use of CO2 resistant construction materials? optimal formation.
• Who can I trust to help refine and execute my
• Course corrections can be made while drilling with
drilling and completion plan during construction
Halliburton’s rotary steerable systems (such as the
and operation?
Geo-Pilot® system), to place the well in the right
Solution location for CO2 injection in to the reservoir.

Halliburton is leading the industry in drilling wells

faster, safer and more accurately. We optimize drilling
efficiency through increasing rate of penetration and
lowering non-productive time. We place wells precisely
to maximize the potential for individual well injectivity
and reduce the number of wells required for injection.
Further, as the global leader in completions,
Halliburton provides a full range of well completion
products and services.

Highlighted Technologies and Services:

• Surface data logging for intelligent rig monitoring
• Optimum placing of the pad, target and well paths is
and geological mudlogging services.
critical to safety, economics, and injection efficiency.
Collaborative Well Planning software helps plan each • Custom-tailored managed pressure and underbalanced
of these attributes quickly and accurately. With drilling solutions for complex reservoirs and storage
thorough surface and subsurface visualization of caverns helps prevent formation damage to improve
both facilities and the geologic earth model. CO2 placement and storage capacity.

• This technology suite can also be tied directly to real- • Multilateral systems with complex insertion
time measurement-while-drilling (MWD) and architecture for increased CO2 injection rates
logging-while-drilling (LWD) data feeds, supporting and storage capacity.
accurate/real-time well path positioning, engineering
• CO2 resistant expandable liner hangers are available
analysis and updating of the earth model.
in chrome alloys. They provide the following benefits
• Efficient and cost effective sequestration begins in CO2 wells:
with optimal placement of the injection wells. · Ability to deploy liners to depth.
Halliburton’s LWD sensors provide the sub-surface · Gas tight seal at top of liner.
team with a detailed view of the position of the bit

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H00000 09/2009
©2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.
 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

Remediation for CO2 Containment

Challenges accurate bond log evaluation for every type of
cement. The ACESM service provides quick,
• How do I ensure my reservoir confining zones and
accurate information on cement bond,
wellbores retain CO2 for long-term security?
even when using foamed cements.
• How can I review and remedy poor integrity of
- Downhole Camera Services, including the
my confining zones and wellbores during and
EyeDeal™ Camera System, provide high-
after operations?
resolution images that eliminate guesswork
• If I find a leak, how do I repair it and confirm
from a range of diagnostic test and
that the leak has been sealed?
troubleshooting operations.
• I’m planning to use existing wells for CO2 injection;
- Fast Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool
how can I examine their integrity and identify
(FASTCAST™) system adds speed and accuracy
existing or potential leaks?
to open or cased hole pipe inspections and
Solution cement evaluations.
· Core tests to evaluate well integrity (pipe, cement
Halliburton is a full-service provider of containment
& rock resistance to CO2), skin damage, formation
monitoring, measurement, and sealing technologies.
fluid properties, etc. These tests can also be used
Together these technologies and services can detect,
for skin damage core tests to help determine
accurately locate and repair leaks in a storage or
CO2 injectivity.
enhanced oil recovery (EOR) reservoir.
· Hydraulic Workover (HWO) and coiled tubing
Highlighted Technologies and Services: units are self-contained, portable, running and
pulling systems that provide an economical means
• Halliburton has an array of technologies available to
of performing routine well maintenance.
help in determining the exact location of a leak:
· InSAR and downhole tiltmeter and other sensors • After a leak source is determined, Halliburton has a
can survey the entire field for leaks. number of technologies that can be applied to seal
· Wireline intervention using technologies such as the leak depending on the circumstances.
Halliburton’s RMT Elite™ reservoir monitor tool · Halliburton’s CO2-resistant reservoir conformance
which can detect CO2 flow behind casing. technologies can be employed to repair the leak and
· Casing inspection devices observe the integrity seal off problem zones in the reservoir. The
of the casing or tubing to find holes, cracks, or H2Zero® service provides a polymer-based system
corroded areas and fluid entry or exit points recommended for sealing leaks in homogenous
Solutions include: reservoirs. In more heterogeneous environments,
- Evaluating cement placement, channels and Halliburton’s BackStopSM service, with its built in
pipe/cement bond helps determine CO2 zone diverter technology, can be used to seek out and
isolation and any potential pathways for out isolate high permeability zones, while allowing
of zone injection that requires remediation. low permeability zones to be proportionally
CAST-VTM Scanning Tool in combination with treated or remain untreated.
the standard Cement Bond Log services provides

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H00000 09/2009
©2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.
 CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE

· PermSeal® sealant treatments can seal CO2 Laboratory testing results demonstrate the superior penetration
formations and leak pathways in nano perm zones. capabilities and performance of the H2 Zero™ system.
· PermTrol™ sealant treatments seal or restrict flow
deep into formations that have leaks.
· WaterWeb® service treatments reduce the relative
permeability of leaking formations to restrict flow
of leaking fluids.
· CorrosaCem™ Cement Systems are CO2 resistant
cements used when cement squeezes and plugs are
best for sealing.
· In the event that there is a leak in a confining
zone far away from existing wells, a lateral must be
drilled from a nearby well to intersect the leak TEST 1 was run with a typical chromium-based polymer
and then cement or chemical sealants can be system. Penetration was about 0.5-feet and regained
injected to seal the leak. permeability about 0.28%.

• Once a leak has been treated, the effectiveness of the

repair can be measured by using similar techniques
as those used in leak identification (see above).

• Details on Halliburton’s comprehensive monitoring

solution are available on the monitoring and leak
detection sheet. TEST 2 was H2Zero™ system pumped with one half of the
recommended crosslinker concentration. Penetration was
2-feet and regained permeability was less than 0.001%.

TEST 3 shows the H2Zero™ system pumped with the

recommended crosslinker concentration. Gel penetration
was over 4.5-feet into the formation.

For answers to your CO2 challenge, go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H00000 09/2009
©2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale.
What’s your CO2 challenge?

The time has come for safe, effective carbon capture

and storage (CCS). For answers to your CO2 challenge,
go to www.halliburton.com/ccs

H07082 09/2009
©2009 Halliburton. All rights reserved.

HALLIBURTON