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There are some standard symbols to represent the components in a circuits. This
article gives some of the frequently used symbols for drawing the circuits. There are
many electrical and electronic schematic symbols are used to signify basic electronic
or electrical device. These are mostly we used for draw circuit diagrams.
Below are different kind of symbols we mentioned category wise. Hope this
information will helps to understand clearly.
Wires
Switches
Sources
Ground
Resistor
Variable Resistor
Capacitor
Inductors
Diodes
Transistor
Logic Gates
Amplifiers
Antenna
Transformer
Miscellaneous
Electrical Symbols & Electronic Symbols
WIRES
Bus Line
Represents a number of
SWITCHES
Push Button (Normally Open) Push Button (Normally Closed) Spst Switch
This switch is in ON state This switch is initially in ON Single pole single throw is
when the button is pressed state. This goes to OFF state abbreviated as SPST. This
pole connects.
abbreviated as SPDT. This abbreviated as DPST. This can connect the four circuits
switch allows the current to switch can drive two circuits at by changing the position.
position.
Relay Switch
SOURCES
current.
current). current).
Multi Cell Battery
usually higher.
Wave Generators
GROUND SYMBOLS
0V and is used as zero which the signal is measured. It acts as a barrier between
potential reference. It is the There may be several signal user and the circuit and
Fixed Resistor
VARIABLE RESISTOR
resistor. They are generally is also called Trimmer Resistor resistor. They are used in
used to control the current in or Trim Pot. The resistance is temperature sensing, current
the circuit. Generally used in adjusted with rotary control limiting circuits, over-current
tuning circuits and power present on top of it with the protection circuits etc.
temperature or light.
used in circuit protection from according to the external incident on it. They are
voltage surges and excessive magnetic field strength. They generally used in light
A wire-wound type fixed It is a device used to lower the The resistance of memristor
resistor with one or more power of a signal. They are is varied according to the
terminals along its length. made from simple voltage direction of flow of charge.
Generally used in voltage dividers and hence can be Memristors can be used in
divider applications. classified in the family of the signal processing,
CAPACITOR SYMBOLS
Capacitor stores the charge in Polarized capacitors are small Almost all electrolytic
the form of electrical energy. in size but have high capacitors are polarized and
These two symbols are used capacitance. They are used in hence used in DC circuits
circuits.
INDUCTORS
Variable Inductors
Movable ferrite magnetic core
DIODES
A PN junction diode allows the In forward bias condition, it Photodiode detects the light
current to flow only in forward acts as normal diode and energy and converts it into
bias condition. These diodes allows current. It also allows current or voltage by a
can be used in clipping and current to flow in reverse bias mechanism called
clamping circuits , as rectifiers condition when the voltage photoelectric effect. These
Light emitting diode is similar Varactor diode is called varicap This is a four layer diode.
to PN junction diode but they or variable capacitance diode. This had fast switching
emit energy in the form of light The capacitance of this diode operation and hence is used
instead of heat. These are varies according to the applied in switching applications.
has low forward voltage drop diode.It can switch very fastly alternating P and N
and it can switch rapidly. Used and can perform well in micro materials. They act as
in voltage clamping, rectifiers, wave frequency range. This is bistable switches and are
reverse current and discharge used in oscillator circuits and used in circuits where high
involved.
etc.
TRANSISTOR SYMBOLS
NPN PNP
JFET
type silicon bars which form type silicon bar which forms
MOSFET
The photo transistor converts Photo Darlington Transistor is This configuration produces
the light energy falling on it to similar to phototransistor with high current gain. They are
its corresponding electrical very high gain and sensitivity used in power regulators,
LOGIC GATES
This is the basic gate and it The OR gate implements It is complement of AND
implements logical logical disjunction.The output is gate. The output is low only
conjunction. The output of the high if any one of the inputs is when both the inputs are
NOR gate is a not OR gate. Inverter or NOT gate This gate implements
Output of this gate is high, if implements logical negation. exclusive OR logic. The
both the inputs are Low, This gate inverts the input. output of this gate is high ,if
identical.
Similar to a normal buffer but
signal is 0.
Flip Flop
Flip flop is the also
D-flip-flop.
AMPLIFIERS
etc
ANTENNA
Antenna Loop Antenna Dipole Antenna
This symbol belongs to Aerial Loop antenna is named after It is most widely used
electrical power into radio other electrical conductor. set-top TV, shortwave
TRANSFORMER
element that transfers energy material as core. Generally transformer has its
in one circuit to the other Ferro magnetic metals like iron secondary winding divided
circuit through are used. The core has high into two parts with same
They are generally used in confine the magnetic field. This results in two individual
MISCELLANEOUS
This is sound producing This is also an audio device. The symbol represents the
device. This produces buzz The electrical signal is light bulb. The bulb glows
sound when the voltage is converted into sound signal when required voltage is
Motor Fuse
This converts the electric Symbol represents the fuse
over current.
Used to generate clock signal Analog to Digital converter is Digital to Analog converter is
of very precise frequency. used convert analog signals used to convert digital code
values.
Thermocouple
It is used to measure
temperature.