Discussion Question: Product versus Quotient Rule

#1
Product rule:
a) Calculate the derivative for the function f(x) = 3x3(x-2)-2 using both the Product Rule and the
Quotient Rule.
f  x   3x 3  x  2   2.
Product Rule : f '  x   9 x 2  x  2   3x 3  1  12 x 3  18 x 2 .
3x 3  x  2   2  9 x  x  2   3 x  1  1  0   3 x  x  2   2 
2 3 3

Quotient Rule : f  x  
'
 
1 12
12 x3  18 x 2
 2
 12 x3  18 x 2 .
1
b) What is the derivative and which is the correct rule to use in this situation or does it make a
difference?
I think that it is more correct use product rule in this situation. But we can use two of them.
c) Is one easier than the other?
No, not at all. They maybe equivalent for use in this case.
d) If so, explain why or why not.
Because such function we can represent as a fraction with a denominator of 1. And derivate of 1 is
0. So we have the same.

Exercise Set 3.1

#4.

1 1 3

f  x   x 1  x  x 2 
2 2

 
1

 1 f  x   x 2  x  x 2 ;
1  12 1
f  x   x  1  2x 
'
 1  2 x.
2 2 x
1
 1 3

 2  f  x   x 1  x  x 2  ;
2 2

 
1  12  1 3
 1
 1  12 3 12 
f  x   x 1  x  x   x  x  x  
' 2 2 2
2   2 2 
1  12 1 1 1 3 1  12 1
 x   x   x  x  1  2x   1  2 x.
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 x
 1  12
Answer: f '  x   x  1  2 x.
2
#10.
1 3 5 7
3x  5x  7 x  9 x
2 2 2 2
g  x  1
;
x 2

1 3 5 7
3x 2  5 x 2  7 x 2  9 x 2
 1 g  x   1
 3  5 x  7 x 2  9 x3 .
x 2

g  x   5  14 x  27 x 2 .
'

1 3 5 7
3x  5 x  7 x  9 x
2 2 2 2
 1 g  x   1
.
x 2

 3  12 15 12 35 23 63 52  12 1  12  12 3 5 7

 x  x  x  x   x  x   3 x  5 x 2
 7 x 2
 9 x 2

 2 2 2 2  2  
g  x 
'
2
 12 
x 
 
3 15 35 63 3 5 7 9
 x  x 2  x 3   x  x 2  x 3 5 x  14 x 2  27 x 3
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2   5  14 x  27 x 2 .
 12  x
x
 
 
Answer: g  x   5  14 x  27 x .
' 2

#26.
2 x 2  3x
y 3 ;
x 6
 4 x  3   x3  6    2 x 2  3x    3x 2  4 x 4  3x3  24 x  18  6 x 4  9 x3
y 
'
 
   
2 2
x 3
 6 x 3
 6
2 x 4  6 x3  24 x  18
 .
x  6
3 2

2 x 4  6 x3  24 x  18
Answer: y 
'
.
x  6
3 2
#60.
 t  1   t  4   t   2t  t  4  2t
' 2 2 2
4  t2
v t   S  t    2
'
    2 .
t 4 t2  4 t2  4 t 4
4  32 5
v  3  2  .
3 4 13
Answer: -5/13.

Exercise Set 3.2

#18.
f  x   7 x  x 4  2   7  x 4  2   21x  x 4  2   4 x 3 
3 3 2

 7  x 4  2    x 4  2  12 x 4   7   x 4  2    13 x 4  2  .
2 2

    13x  2 .
2
Answer: 7  x 4  2 4

#36.
1
 x2  3
y   ;
 4x  1 
2 2
1  x 2  3  2 x   4 x  1  4  x  1  x 2  3  4 x 2  2 x 
 2 

y  
'
      
3  4 x  1    4 x  1
2
 3  4 x  1    4 x  1 2 
  
2
 4x  2

1  x2  3  4x2  2 x  2  13 4
  3.

        x  4 x  1
3  4 x  1    4 x  1 2  1 4
3
3  x 3   4 x  1 3
2  13 4
Answer:  x   4 x  1 3 .


#42.
dy
 1

'
 u4  ;
du 2 u4
du
 2 x  1;
dx
dy dy du 1 2x  1
     2 x  1  .
dx du dx 2  x 2  x  1  4 2 x2  x  3
dy 2  2 1 5
  .
dx  x2 2 4  2  3 6
#48.
dy
 2u  3;
du #66.
du
 3x 2  5;
dx
dy dy du

dx du dx
  
 2  x3  5 x  2   3   3 x 2  5  

  2 x3  10 x  1   3 x 2  5   6 x 5  30 x 3  3 x 2  10 x 3  50 x  5 
 6 x5  40 x 3  3x 2  50 x  5.
dy
 192  320  12  100  5  21.
dx  x2
8000
P t  ;
8  0.5t
8000 8000
P  8    4000.
8  0.5  8 2
'
 8000   1 1  1 2000
P  t  
'
  8000    2      .
 8  0.5t     8  0.5t 
3
 2  8  0.5t 
3

2000 2000
P '  8    250.
 8  0.5  8  8
3

Answer: 4000; rate of change is 250 per hour.

Exercise Set 3.3

#12.
x3  y 3  3xy
dy dy
3x 2  3 y 2  3 y  3x 
dx dx
dy dy 3 y  3x 2 y  x 2
  3 y  3x   3 y  3x 
2 2
  ;
dx dx 3 y 2  3 x y 2  x
dy y  x 2
 .
dx y 2  x
dy y  x 2
Answer:  .
dx y 2  x

#26.
 dy dy dy dy 3 y  8 x
8 x  3 y  3x   0   2 y  3x   3 y  8 x   .
dx dx dx dx 2 y  3x
dy 9  16
slope    .
dx  2,3 6  6

#38.
dy dy dy 1 2y
1  2x  2y  2y 0  .
dx dx dx 2( y  x)

#50.
The distance s between the observer and the plane after t secs will be given by
s  30002  4002 t 2
Hence,
1 1
ds 1 ds
  3000  400 t   400  2t  |t 10   3000  400 10   400 2 10  320 ft / sec
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

dt 2 dt
Answer: 320 ft/sec.

Exercise Set 3.4

#6.

 a increasing :  1,   .
 b decreasing :  ,1 .

#10.
 a increasing :  2,1   5,   .
 b decreasing :  , 2    1,5  .

#22.
a.
f '  x   6x2 ;
f '  x   0  x  0.
f  0   5.
b.
f '  x   6x2 ;
 a increasing : f '  x   6 x 2  0   , 0    0,   .
 b decreasing : none.
c.
#52.

a. Critical values:
f '  x   3 x 2  3 x  18.
f '  x   3 x 2  3 x  18  0  x   3, 2 .
27
f  3  27   54  6  34.5;
2
f  2   8  6  36  6  28.
 69 
Critical points :  3,   and  2, 28  .
 2 

b. First Derivate Test:

f '  3  27  9  18  0.
f '  2   12  6  18.
f ''  x   6 x  3.
f ''  3  18  3  15  0  minimum.
f ''  2   12  3  18  0  maximum.

#82.
 8v 2 56v 288
F '  v     .
6375 85 85
8v 2 56v 288
Increase : F '  v       0. 
6375 85 85
 8v 2  4200v  21600  0  8v 2  4200v  21600  0 
525  15 1177
 v 2  525v  2700  0  v    5.2,519.8 and v  85.
2
Increase : v   5.2,85  .
16v 56
F ''  v     
6375 85
16  5.2 56 4116.8
F ''  5.2       0  F  5.2  is minimum.
6375 85 6375
16  519.8 56 4116.8
F ''  519.8       0  F  519.8  is maximum.
6375 85 6375

Exercise Set 3.5

#8.

On interval [-4,5].
We can see, that critical points are: x = -3, x = 0 and x = 3.
And our ends of the interval: x = -4 and x = 5.
Absolut minimum on the interval [-4,5] is at the point x = 5: point (5,-2).
Absolut maximum on the interval [-4,5] is at the point x = -3: point (-3,5).

#28.
 df 2  13 
1
At extrema, df/dx = 0 or,  3  x  1  0  2 x 3  1  0  x  8 .
dv 3
On the ends of the interval:

f  9   9  9 3 3  3.98.
f  1  1  3  4.
Local maximum: (-8,13);
Local minimum: in the point x = -9.

#54.
F(t)= -0.0224t3 + 4.5676t2 – 252.4610t + 5000
dF (t )
 0.0672t 2  9.1352t  250.4610  0
dt
Solving this equation, we get t = 38.09, 97.851.
F(38.09) = -0.0224*38.093 + 4.5676*38.092 – 252.4610*38.09 + 5000
= 861.134
F(97.851)= -0.0224*97.8513 + 4.5676*97.8512 – 252.4610*97.851 + 5000
= 3319.83
These are local maximum values. Absolute maximum occurs at t = 0 and its value F(0) = 5000.
It is clear from F(t) v/s t plot also given below.