TELEPHONE SYSTEM

1. Introduction

A business telephone system is a multiline telephone system typically used in business

environments, encompassing systems ranging in technology from the key telephone
system (KTS) to the private branch exchange (PBX).

A business telephone system differs from an installation of several telephones with multiple
central office (CO) lines in that the CO lines used are directly controllable in key telephone
systems from multiple telephone stations, and that such a system often provides additional
features related to call handling. Business telephone systems are often broadly classified into
key telephone systems, and private branch exchanges, but many hybrid systems exist.

A key telephone system was originally distinguished from a private branch exchange in that it
did not require an operator or attendant at the switchboard to establish connections between
the central office trunks and stations, or between stations. Technologically, private branch
exchanges share lineage with central office telephone systems, and in larger or more complex
systems, may rival a central office system in capacity and features. With a key telephone system,
a station user could control the connections directly using line buttons, which indicated the
status of lines with built-in lamps.

EPBAX (Electronics Private Automatic Branch Exchange):-

The electronic private automatic branch exchange (EPABX) is equipment that has made day-to-
day working in the offices much simpler, especially in the area of communication. The EPABX
may be defined as a switching system that makes available both internal and external stitching
functions of any organization. The selection of an EPBAX is a difficult task and requires deep
knowledge of traffic pattern of the office. By using an EPABX both the internal and external
needs of the organization are fully served. With the advent of powerful microprocessors and
advancements in the field of computers, the EPBAX can boast of versatile features. Hotline can
be established between the boss and his immediate subordinates.

Existing Telephony System at IOCL Paradip Refinery:

The intercom Telephone system at Paradip Refinery consists of AVAYA make Telephone
Exchanges consisting of communication servers connected to different nodes through fiber optic
network. The Main Servers installed at the Telephone server room of Administrative building
and the standby Server installed at S/S-339S. In order to cater the telephone services throughout
the plant multiple telephone gateways are installed at different substations. All the telephone
gate ways are connected with dedicated switches present at each node. Then all the switches
are connected with the main servers through dedicated FO network. The existing FO cable
network is designed in ring main system at different locations of the plant. There are two
numbers of Fibers cable ring are established at both north & south side of refinery. Then the
both the rings are connected with each other through dedicated FO cable from Admin Building
to 339S Sub-Station. The detailed FO network of the telephone system is as below.
 334S 335S 336S MCR

338S

339S 333S 331S 332S

ADMIN

311S 312S FSN

MSG TDC

All officers are being provided with intercom telephone lines at their offices as well as
residences. Also other buildings like MCR, SRRs, Fire & Safety, Disaster Control Room, CISF check
posts, Electrical Sub-stations, Plant buildings, Non-plant buildings at Refinery site and Guest
House, officers Club, Community centre, Hospitals, Hostels, gates at Township are provided with
intercom telephone lines. A Full fledged telephone network has been established after lying of
telecom cable & installation of DP boxes which are spread across length & breadth of the
Refinery and Township to achieve the complete telecom network.
Two numbers of BSNL PRI Connections has been established, in order facilitate communication
between plant intercom & other local or STD numbers. There are also for numbers of hot line
connections are established with PPL Fire Station, Port Trust Fire station, PHBPL Fire Station &
PRRPL Pipe line. There is also an emergency Management system which is used as an emergency
communication tool for plant communication during emergency. Two numbers of BSNL
exchanges are also installed at Admin Building as well as Township to provide the BSNL
connection & broadband connection to the users of plant and township.

There are two types of telephony system at Paradip Refinery.

1. Analog Telephony System

2. IP telephony System

Analog Telephony System

In analog telephony system, an analog telephone is connected at the user end which ultimately
gets connected to the telephone gateway through dedicated telephone lines. Then the analog
voice signal gets converted to VoIP through gateways provided at different sub-stations. Then
the all gateways are connected with switches which ultimately get connected to the main server
at Admin building through dedicated FO cable. Telephones from any brand can be used in analog
telephony system.

IP Telephony System

In IP telephony system, only AVAYA make IP phones are used at Paradip Refinery. In IP
telephony system no analog telephone lines are used & the analog voice signal gets VoIP inside
the IP telephone itself. So, in IP telephony system no intermediate gateways are used. Compared
to analog telephony system IP telephony systems have some advantages as listed below.

1. Clarity of voice.
2. No intermediate telephone gateways.
3. No analog telephone cable is used.
4. Caller Id (display of users on IP Phone)

In addition to the above facilities there are many more facilities like call billing, announcement,
DID/DOD facilities are there in the AVAYA exchange. The detailed description of the AVAYA
EPABX is as below.

1. Server

There are two main servers in IOCL. One is at Admin building and another is at 339substation. In
between them one is standby mode another is redundant mode.

In IOCL, there are 11 Nos. of Exchange are used. All the exchangers are ring connected.
Server 1(Admin building)
It consists of 4 Gateway named as A, B, and C, D.

Gateway- A has 14 cards. In Admin

1. IPSI card
2. Media resource card
3. 3-10 are Analog cards
4. 12-14 are Trunk card

2. IPSI card:

IPSI card communicates between port Network and server. A single IPSI may be used to provide
server connectivity for the entire port network. It also provides tone generation (Dial tone, busy
tone, Ring back tone, calls processing tone etc) and port Network clock generation.
3. Media resources card:

This card supports voice call for IP to TDM conversion and vice-versa. It provides dial tone to the
IP phones. Maximum two nos. of 2602 can be installed in a single port network. It also used for
echo cancellation, silence suppression& DTMF detection.

4. Analog card:

There are 7 analog cards used for both pulse and tone dialing, Message waiting indication, caller
ID with call waiting, secondary lightning protection and supports connectivity of fax extension.

5. Trunk card:

It has 24 pair cards. Out of these 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 19th, 22nd is used to connect CO
lines. Out of 24 pair only 22nd and 23rd pair is used for linking up with service provider. 22nd is the
Rx pair and 23rd is the TX pair.

6. Gateway B:

It has 14 cards.

1. IPSI card
2. C-LAN card
3. 3-10 are analog line cards
4. 12-14 are trunk cards
7. C-LAN card:

It stands for control LAN interface. This card is used for Registration of IP phone, call billing
application (CBR), call management application (CMS), voice mail application etc.

8. Gateway C:

It also has 14 cards.

1. Announcement card
2. C-LAN card
3. 3-10 are analog line card
4. 12-14 are trunk card

9. Announcement card:

This card is also called as VAL (voice announcement over LAN). It offers two one hour of
announcement storage capacity and it uses announcement files that are in “wav” format. It
provides welcome message, busy message, wakeup call announcement, music on hold and meet
me conference.

10. Gateway D:
1. 1-10 are analog cards.
2. 13-14 are trunk cards.

TETRA SYSTEM
Existing TETRA System at IOCL Paradip Refinery
There are two numbers of Motorola BTS are installed at both north & south side of the refinery
to cater wireless communication of the plant.