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38) Api 653 Day 1 Book (1-112)
38) Api 653 Day 1 Book (1-112)
38) Api 653 Day 1 Book (1-112)
API 653
≤ 40ft – ½ “
40 to 150ft – ¾ “
>150 to 250 – 1”
>250 1 ¼ “
70 Peaking API653 10.5.4 ½“
71 Banding API653 10.5.5 1”
3times of
72 Radii above 1 ft for all tank API653 10.5.3 tolerance as per
table 10.2
1/8” in 30ft
73 Foundation tolerance with concrete ring wall API653 10.5.6.2.a ¼ “in total
circumference
1/8” in 10ft
74 Foundation tolerance without concrete ring wall API653 10.5.6.2.b ½ “ in total
circumference
75 Welding qualification API653 11.1.1 ASME Sec IX
76 Welder identification intervals on weld joints API653 11.2.2 3ft intervals
Completed repair of butt welds shall be
77 API653 12.1.3.2 RT&UT 100%
examined
78 Shell to bottom welds after the first pass API653 12.1.6.1 Light diesel test
Radiography – shell vertical welding new with One additional
79 API653 12.2.1.1
existing RT in each joint
Radiography – shell horizontal welding new with One additional
80 API653 12.2.1.2
existing for each 50ft
One spot in 50ft
81 Repaired joints in existed shell plate Horizontal API653 12.2.1.2
each
82 For inter section RT New to existing API653 12.2.1.3 100%
83 All repaired intersection in existing shell plate API653 12.2.1.3 100%
6 inch
84 Minimum diagnostic length of each film API653 12.2.1.7
85 1” and above thick replacement vertical joints API653 12.2.1.6.2 100%
24hrs –
86 Hydro testing for re-construction tank API653 12.3.1.1
Mandatory
Owner/ operator
When hydro testing not required engineer shall
87 API653 12.3.2.2 authorize
reviewed and approved
exemption
Min. 8 location
Tank settlement measurement during filling and
88 API653 12.5.1.2 N=D/10
also 100% test level
Max. 32”
Settlement measurement during filling and also
89 API653 12.5.2 Appendix – B
100% test level
90 Name plate number size API653 13.1.1 5/32”
91 API650 first edition API653 Appx.A 1961
92 API650 7th edition API653 Appx. A Nov. 1980
10th –Nov 1998
93 Latest edition of API650 API653 Appx. A
Addm 3 – 2005
1. API 653 is more relaxed in peaking, banding, out of plumpness except for
Radiographic requirements
2. OFF SET for new vertical joint = 5 t ( where T is thickness of the thicker
course) (API 650 & API 653)
3. LOW Hydrogen electrode should be used for all Manual metal Arc
welding , annular ring and Shell course ( Same for API 650 & 653)
a. For Gr 1 –III more than 0.5 inch
b. For Group IV to VII all thickness
6. Foundation Tolerance :
When concrete wall is present it is 3mm in 30 feet or 6 mm overall
When concrete wall is not present it is 3mm in 10 feet or 12.5 mm overall
7. Radiography
Here API 653 is more stricter by taking one additional shot
For Thickness below 10 mm one shot in the first 10 feet and one
additional shot in every further 100 feet. And 25 % of all T joints
For thickness 10 mm – 25 mm : Additional one spot,
For thickness above 25 mm: 100 % RT
Besides Two spots in every vertical join for the Lowest course
For API 653 you have to take one extra spot in each vertical joint joining
new weld with existing weld
All T joints in the existing welds, repaired welds & new Repaired weld with
existing weld should be radiographed as per API 653.
9. Measurement Points
Minimum 5 readings are needed to determine the minimum thickness over
the corroded area to find Length L.
L = 3.7 SQ root of ( D t2) or 40 inch which ever is less. Here actual
corroded length may be more than calculated L
10. Pressure:
Internal Pressure of AST or atmospheric pressure = 2.5 psi , Code is API
650 Appendix F
External pressure minimum – 1 inch water
External pressure maximum 1psi For external pressure code API 620
Leak Testing 14.5 Psi
Vacuum Box testing 3-5 psi
14. Bottom plate Projection area thickness is 0.1 inch and outside projection is
3/8 inch
But by API 653, Bottom plate projection beyond the corner weld is 1inch
Annular plate projection beyond the shell is 2 inch
UT is needed to check lap joint hot tap, for butt weld if there is no
radiography
RT : All butt weld, Insert weld, Annular plate weld, repair weld, all T joints
Diesel Test :
a) First pass and final pass of Shell to bottom weld if vacuum box test is
not done
b) Floating roof joints which are required to be airtight
Vac box test : Shell to bottom weld when diesel test is not done
Bottom weld when tracer gas test is not done
Roof plate weld for gas tight tanks
Tracer gas test : Only for bottom weld when vac box testing is not done
20. Shell ring may be dismantled by cutting 6 inch away from existing weld
When dismantling shell tank roof or bottom plate shall e cut 2 inch away
from the weld
When reusing the entire bottom in the intact condition , Shell should be cut
12 inch above the top of the bottom plate
Edge of any permanent attachment should be 3 inch away from horizontal
weld & 6 inch away from the vertical weld
So UI table 1 REINFORCEMENT
RT DEFECTS
UI 10 mm 3mm ( Defect Size)
More than 10 mm - UI 57 mm t/3
More than 57 mm 19 mm
23. UG
Below 2 inch Ug is .02 inch
From 2 inch – UI 3 inch .03
Over 3 and UI 4 inch 04
Over 4 inch 07 in
27. For more than 38 mm, multi pas is needed. For more than 19 mm one
pass. And plus 200 deg F pre heat is required
28. Shell to fillet weld Leak testing Leak testing 15 PSI is best.
26. The minimum height of tank liquid above hot tap location API653 9.14.1.2
shall be at least
27 During hot tapping operation welding will be done using API653 9.14.1.3
which electrodes
28. Are hot taps permitted on the roof of a tank API653 9.14.1.4
29. The maximum allowed undercutting for horizontal joints of a API653 10.4.2.5
reconstructed tank is
30. If the material specification for the steel from an existing tank API653 11.1.2
is unknown or obsolete, how do you qualify the welding
procedure
31. At what intervals Welders identification shall be marked adj. API653 11.2.2
to welds
32. What alternative methods are used to inspect the integrity of API653 12.1.7.1
the welded bottom joint
33. Areas of bottom plate repaired by welding in addition to API653 12.1.7.3
MT/PT are any other testing done.
34. The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph is API653 12.2.1.7
35. For penetration installed using insert plates , butt weld API653 12.2.1.8
between the insert plate & shell plate shall be radiographed
to what extent
36. Hydrostatic test of a reconstructed tank shall be held for how API653 12.3.1.
long time.
37. At what intervals shall settlement be measured during API653 12.5.2
hydrotest
38. The maximum spacing across diameter over which API653 Fig. B-2
measurements of bottom settlement are taken is
39. Internal Bottom settlement formula API653 B-3-3
40. What is the NDT Inspector Qualification requirement for API653 F 4.3
carrying out UT during tank repair?
41 UT procedure shall follow which Code/Standard API653 F 4.4
1. API 653 is code used for inspection, repair, and alteration for the
aboveground storage tanks which are placed in Service. API 650 is
the basic construction code for making New Tanks.
2. API 650 and API 653 are used for aboveground storage tanks at
atmospheric pressure (maximum 2.5 psi above atmospheric) and
temperatures not exceeding 90ºC.
4. Where necessary, as per Fig. 2-1 (API 650), the tank materials shall be
checked against brittle failure by conducting impact testing. Acceptance
criteria shall be as per Table 2-4.
t = 4 . 9 D ( H−0
d Sd
.3 ) G
+ CA and t =
4 . 9 D(H −0 . 3)
Stt
(Metric)
t d =
2. 6 D( H−1) G
Sd
+ C . A . and t = 2 .6 D(StH −1)
t
(US units)
Where:
7. Shell thickness calculated above (point no. 6) shall not be less than
that required by Diameter – Thickness table in API 650. (3.6.1.1)
8. Values of Sd and St are taken from Table 3-2 of API 650. For unlisted
material:
Sd = Lower of 2/3 (Y.S) or 2/5 (T.S.) and
St = Lower of ¾ (Y.S) or 3/7 (T.S.)
10. All nozzles, manholes and other openings shall have dimensions
thickness, reinforcement plates and weld sizes as per tables 3-6 and 3-
7 of API 650.
11. Radiography inspection is required for all shell butt welds and annular
plate butt welds and inserts plates for manhole and nozzles.
12. For shell plates the number of radiographs required depend on whether
the plate thickness is up to 10 mm (3/8), or above 10 mm to 25 mm
(3/8” – 1”) or above 25 mm (1”). (Fig. 6-1 of API 650).
a. An owner operator
b. Subcontractor to owner operator
c. Inspection organization of jurisdiction
d. Inspection organization of insurance company
a. Owner-user
b. Subcontractor to owner-user
c. Subcontractor authorized or approved by
jurisdiction
7. Tank roof plates which are so corroded that there are through
holes or the average thickness is less than 0.09 inch in any 100
sq. inch area, then plates must be repaired or replaced, i.e., tank
cannot be permitted to continue operation.
12. Min. thickness in “critical zone” is smaller of:(but not less than
0.1”)
a. Half of original bottom thickness in critical zone,
and
b. Half of tmin for first shell course.
13. Tanks designed prior to API 650 (7th edition, 1980) may be
assessed for brittle failure as per Fig. 5.2.
14. Tanks are not likely to fail in brittle failure if thickness is not more than
½” or shell temperature is not less than 60º F or stress level is less than
7,000 psi.
11. All shell plate defects like the cracks, gauges, tears, widely scattered
.pits and corroded areas shall be evaluated case by case as per
chapter 4 of API 653.
13. Repairs within critical zone of the bottom require additional precautions
like “Tombstone” type patch and additional PT or MPI testing after
visual examination of patch welds, and weld shall be made by minimum
2 passes.
14. If impact test was not done on original tank material, the hot taps shall
be limited to NPS 4 (max).
15. Toe-to-toe minimum spacing between hot tap and adjacent nozzle shall
be = √ RT where R= tank shell radius in inches T is shell plate
thickness in inches.
1. For tank relocation, the bottom, shell or roof may be cut in any size
from existing tank so that the pieces are suitable for transportation.
2. For dismantling the tank the bottom may be cut 12” away from shell to
bottom weld, if entire bottom plates are to be used.
3. Alternatively cut the bottom and shell at 1/2” from toe of shell to bottom
weld and discard the weld portion.
PT / MT: For all fillet welds and fill-up (weld-build up) during repair or
alteration
8. Radiography:
a. New welds during repair or alteration between the
plates such as:
11. Out of plumbness for reconstructed tank is 1/100 of the tank height
subject to maximum 5 inches.
B = 0.37 R
Where B = Max. height of bulge or depth of settlement (inches)
And R = Radius of largest inscribing circle (feet)
14. Based on Fig. B-10, and B-11 maximum allowable edge settlement is
worked out depending on settled area being approximately parallel or
perpendicular to shell.
18. For internal inspection of shell, the major areas of focus shall be the
vapour space, liquid-vapour interface and the bottom area.
3. Bend test crack shall not exceed 1/8” in any direction for face bend,
root bend or side bend.
10. As soil resistivity goes up, soil is less corrosive and vice-versa.
(Soil resistivity < 500 ohm-cm is highly corrosive, > 10,000
ohm-cm, is least corrosive.) Ref. Table 1-API 651
Impressed current:
14. The principal advantages for thin-film lining are lower cost and
ease of application compared to thick-film lining systems.
16. Temperature during blast cleaning and applying the linings shall be 3°C
(5°F) above the dew-point temperature and relative humidity not to
exceed 80%.
GENERAL:
FOR RT:
b. Backscatter:
Light image of B on dark background - Unacceptable
c. Density Limitations:
u) Hole pani should be placed parallel to the weld whiled the wire
should be placed perpendicular ie across the weld
v) If 2 IQI are used one should be in the lightest area and the other
should be in the darkest area
x) Shims are place if the peni canot be placed on the part directly
The tem should not exceed 200 Deg F.. For higher temp Prodeure has to be
qualified accordinly. In the same way high temp couplany & High tem
probe gas to be used. For Every 100 Deg F excess temp , 1 % is the
correction facter
UT can be used for all the material where UT waves travels t constant
velocity
T = vt/2, T = Thk, V = velocity, t = Transit time
Three kinds of display 1) A scan display, 2)Flaw detecters with A scan
display & direct Thk Read out, 3) Direct hk Readout
For thin section Highly damped High Freq probe is used
Dual probes are used for thk above 3 mm
Dual probes are used for rough surface
Std calibration block should have same acoustic velocity
Maximum accuracy will be got from materials with parallel or concentric
surface
For thin section direct Readout units without A can display gives errors
For Rough pitted or corroded surface A scan units are prefgerrable
Scope – Selecting and developing UT procedure for part, components,
materials and all thickness determinations
Written Procedure: contain minimum requirement listed in cable 7.522
essential and non-essential variables procedure to be qualified when
specified.
Technique
Penetrant Developer
Dwell Time in
time in Minutes
Minutes
Casting & 5 7
Common Weld
Material Wrought, 10 7
Plate
All other All forms 5 7
materials
Water washable penetrant water pressure should not exceed 50 psi and
temperature should not exceed 43ºC
Post emulsification penetrant Lipophilic & hydrophilic emulsification
Lipophilic no pre-rinsing with water before emulsification, after
emulsification rinsing with water
Hydrophilic Prior to emulsification pre-rinsing with water time shall not
exceed 1 minute, after emulsification rinse with water
Solvent removable solvents first remove with cloth or absorbent paper by
wiping then cloth or paper moistured with solvent likely wipe the
surface flushing the surface with solvent is prohibited
Developer Colour contrast penetrant only wet developer
Dry developer shall be applied powder gun, soft brush, hand powder bulb
Wet developer
Minimum light intensity shall be 50 FC (500 lux) for color contrast penetrant
Article – 7
Magnetic Particle Examination
Prod Technique:
For 19 mm thickness greater 100 amp/in – 125 amp/in
o > 19 90 - 110 amp/in
o Prod spacing shall not exceed 18 inch
o Less than 3 inch spacing is not permitted
o Current is > 25 V – lead, steel or aluminum (rather than copper)
tipped prods are recommended
Yoke Technique:
Article 9
Visual examination
4. The terms “Sketch plates” and “annular plates” refer to Plates in:
a. Tank roof
b. Tank bottom
c. Tank shell
d. None of above
11. When the tank is empty, the floating roof of open-top tank is
a. At its top-most position
b. Resting on the bottom
c. Resting on the legs
d. May be at any location
12. Since the tank is neither a pressure vessel, nor the piping, the
welding procedures and welders for API 650 tanks are qualified as
per:
a. AWS D 1.1
b. API 1104
c. Still use ASME IX
d. Any of above is OK
----------------------END------------------------
Q. No. Answer
1 C
2 D
3 A
4 B
5 A
6 B
7 B
8 C
9 D
10 A
11 C
12 C
13 B
14 B
15 A
INTRODUCTION
This material is to help prepare you for the API 653 Certification
The below listed references are indicated as the source of the answers
next to each question. To best prepare for the course and the examination,
REFERENCE INDEX
Examination
Section IX ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Brazing and Welding Qualification.
QB 2: API 653-2009
OPEN BOOK QUESTIONS FOR API 653
Note: try these questions after read API 653 once; these questions are
prepared to understand each and every section of the API 653
7. What will be the allowable hydrostatic test stress (1bf/ sq .in) for
A537 Class-2 material of 2nd course shall in tank?
a. 41,500
b. 37,800
c. 34,300
d. 30,000
10. When calculating minimum thickness, the weld joint efficiency for
butt welled tank constructed according to API 650 10 th edition.
a. 1.0
b. 0.85
c. 0.7
d. None of the above.
11. The following are some historical causes of the tank bottom leakage
or failure. But not one of this is
a. Lack of an annular plate ring when required.
b. Inadequately supported sumps.
c. Weld joint cracking.
d. Thinner the bottom plate more the corrosion.
12. For bottom plate thickness measurement we are using MFL & UT.
The quality of data obtained for these techniques is dependent on
personnel, equipment and _________
a. Location where the measurement was taken.
b. Procedure
c. Inspector
d. All of the above.
13. The 1st shell thickness of the tank is 1inch and its stress is
27000 lbf/ sq.in. what will be the annular plate thickness. (note:
product specific gravity is 0.9)
a. 0.22 inch.
b. 0.50 inch.
c. 0.31 inch.
d. 0.10 inch.
e. Not enough information given to calculate annular plate thickness.
14. The 1st shell thickness of the tank is 1 inch and material is A537 Gr-2,
what will be the annular plate thickness (note: product specific
gravity is 1.1)
a. 3/8 inch.
b. 1/4 inch.
c. 5/8 inch.
d. 7/16 inch.
e. Not enough information given to calculate annular plate thickness.
15. Hairline cracks of uniform width do not seriously affect the strength
of the concrete foundation. However these cracks can be potential
access points for moisture or water seepage that could eventually
result in corrosion of the ____________.
a. Bottom plate.
b. Annular plate.
c. Reinforcing steel.
d. Shell plate.
17. For small nominal thickness of tank, the risk of failure due to brittle
fracture is minimal, provided that an evaluation for suitability of
service in accordance with section 4 of API 653 has been performed.
For this assessment shell thickness will be _________.
a. The original nominal thickness for the thinner tank shell plate shall
be used for this assessment.
b. ½ inch.
c. The original nominal thickness of the thickest tank shell plate shall
be used for this assessment.
d. 1 inch.
18. Industry experience and laboratory test have shown that a membrane
stress in tank shell plate of ______________ 7 ksi is required to
cause failure due to brittle fracture.
a. Equal to.
b. At least.
c. More than.
d. Less than.
22. There was a tensile test done to identify the plate and two specimen
selected for this test, each test results value of 50 ksi and 30 ksi.
Tensile strength required by specification is 45 ksi. This test
is_______________.
a. Pass.
b. Fail.
c. Depends on code of construction.
d. Not enough data to deside.
24. For reconstruction tanks, the maximum design liquid level for
product shall be determined by calculating the maximum design
liquid level for the each shell course based on the specific gravity of
the product. For this calculation allowable stress for the material
shall be determined using API std 650, table 3-2, for material not
listed in table 3-2 an allowable stress value of ___________.
a. Lesser of 3/4 yield strength or 3/7 tensile strength shall be used.
b. Higher of 3/4 yield strength or 3/7 tensile strength shall be used.
c. Lesser of 2/3 yield strength or 2/5 tensile strength shall be used.
d. Higher of 2/3 yield strength or 2/5 tensile strength shall be used.
25. The thickness of the replacement shell plate shall not be less than
the greatest nominal thickness of any plate in the same course
adjoining the replacement plate except where the adjoining plate is a
__________________ plate.
a. Thinner insert.
b. Thickened insert.
c. Thickened patch.
d. Thinner patch.
26. In tank replacement, for existing shell plate ½ inch thick and less, the
outer edge of the butt weld attaching the replacement shell plate
shall be at least _________ from the outer edge of vertical joints or
_____________ form the outer edge of horizontal.
a. 8t; 10 inch.
b. 6 inch; 6 inch.
c. 6 inch; 3 inch.
d. 12 inch; 12 inch.
28. In a tank shell plate some area severely corroded and it has to
replace with same shell plate material, thickness of shell plate is ¾
inch. What will be the corner radius of the new insert replacement
shell plate?
a. 6 inch.
b. 3 inch.
c. 4.5 inch.
d. 12 inch.
29. 1-inch shell corroded area is planned to repair with lap welded 1-inch
patch plate, this patch planning to weld from outside of tank. What
fillet weld size on the patch plate near shell to bottom welds?
(existing corner weld size is one inch)
a. 3/16 inch.
b. Lesser of repair plate thickness or bottom plate thickness.
c. ¼ inch.
d. ½ inch.
e. ¾ inch.
30. The maximum vertical and horizontal dimension of the repair plate
for lapped patch shell repair is ___________.
a. 36 inch and 72 inch respectively.
b. 48 inch and 72 inch respectively.
c. 24 inch and 64 inch respectively.
d. 56 inch and 80 inch respectively.
31. The minimum lapped patch shell repair plate dimension shall be 4
inch with a minimum and maximum overlap of ___________.
a. 2t : 6t
b. 1 inch: 8t.
c. 4t : 6t
d. 6 inch: 24 inch.
32. Lapped patch repair method shall not be used if exposure of the fillet
welds to the product will produce ______________.
a. Product corrosion.
b. H2S corrosion.
c. Stress corrosion cracking.
d. Crevice corrosion.
33. When reinforcing plates are used over insert plate, the minimum
diameter of the insert plate shall equal to the diameter of the
__________.
a. Penetration diameter + 12 inch.
b. Reinforcing diameter + 12 inch.
c. Penetration diameter + 24 inch.
d. None of the above.
36. When replacing entire bottom, for tank constructed from material
having 50,000 lbf/ sq.in yield strength or less, existing shell
penetration need not be raised, if this condition also meet _________.
a. For circular reinforcement plates blend-grind the nozzle attachment
weld 60° on either side from bottom center line of attachment and
one pipe diameter length on either side of shell to bottom weld
inside and outside.
b. For diamond shaped reinforcement plates, blend-grind the four ‘O’
clock positions to the 8 ‘O’ clock position. Blend-grind the inside and
outside of the shell to bottom corner weld a minimum of one
penetration diameter length on either side of the penetration’s
centerline.
c. ‘a’ & ‘b’.
d. None of the above.
37. For tank shell plates of unknown toughness with thickness greater
than ½ inch and having a minimum shell design metal temperature
below the curve given in figure 5.2 of API 653. What is the one of
limitation applying for hot tapping?
a. Nozzle maximum diameter 4 inch NPS.
b. The shell plate temperature shall be at or below the minimum shell
design metal temperature for the entire hot tapping operation.
c. All nozzles above 4 inch shall be reinforced.
d. All of the above.
38. In tank shell thickness ¼ inch required hot tapping of 10inch nozzle.
As per API 653 this hot tap is allowed?
a. No, only up to 6inch nozzle.
b. No, only up to 8inch nozzle.
c. Yes, only up to 14inch nozzle.
d. Yes, only up to 18inch nozzle.
39. A tank in service, this tank diameter is 200 feet and first shell
thickness is ¾ inch, the tank design engineer analyzed and allowed
to weld one 14 inch nozzle in service. This new nozzle location going
to be near to existing nozzle. As an API 653 inspector what distance
you will suggest to install new nozzle weld from existing one?
a. 9inch.
b. 12inch.
c. 30inch.
d. 43inch.
e. At least 14inch.
40. During dismantling of tank, how much minimum distance has to cut
from the shell to bottom weld toe, when the entire bottom is to be
reused?
a. 1/2inch.
b. 2inch.
c. 12inch.
d. 6t (t is bottom plate thickness)
41. While dismantling of tank shell plate, any shell ring may be
dismantled by cutting out existing weld seems and the heat affected
zone of the weld, for the purpose of this method, the minimum HAZ
to be removed will be_______________.
a. 1/2 of the weld metal width or 1/4inch, which ever is less, in any
side of the weld seam.
b. 1/2 of the weld metal width or 1/4inch, which ever is less on both
sides of the weld seam.
c. Cutting through the weld may use for dismantle any shell ring
1/2inch thick or thicker without removing HAZ?
d. All of the above.
45. What will be the radii measurement tolerance for reconstructed tank
measured in second shell course of a 100 feet diameter tank?
a. + 2.25 inch.
b. + 3/4 inch.
c. + 5 inch.
d. None of the above.
46. Allowable peaking & banding for reconstructed tank in any 36inch of
welding will be _______.
a. ½ inch maximum peaking: 1inch maximum banding.
b. 1inch maximum peaking: ½ inch maximum banding.
c. ½ inch peaking and banding maximum.
d. None of the above.
48. A tank new shell plates replaced and welded over an existing shell
plates, for this condition, what will be the additional RT requirement?
a. New replacement shell plates to existing shell plates, one additional
RT shall be taken in each vertical joints.
b. New replacement shell to existing shell plates, one additional RT for
each 50 feet of repaired horizontal weld.
c. New replacement shell plates to existing shell plates, each
intersection shall be radio graphed.
d. All of the above.
ANSWERS- OK-653-2009
Q. NO ANS REF
1. E 4.3.2.1.e API653
2. C 4.3.2.1(b) API653
3. B 3.14 API653
4. B 4.3.2.2 API653
5. E 4.3.3.1 API653
6. B Table 4.1 API653
7. B Table 4.1 API653
8. D Table 4.1 API653
9. D Table 4.1 note 6 API653
10. A Table4.2 API653
11. D 4.4.2 API653
12. B 4.4.1 API653
13. C Table 4.5 API653
14. D 4.4.8.3, Table 4.5 API653
15. C 4.5.1.2e API653
16. E 5.2.3 API653
17. C 5.3.5 API653
18. B 5.3.7 API653
19. B Table 4.4 API653
20. B 6.8.1 API653
21. B 7.3.1.1 API653
22. A 7.3.1.2 API653
23. D 7.3.2 API653
24. C 8.4.2 API653
25. B 9.2.1 API653
26. C 9.2.3.3 API653
27. D 9.2.3.4 API653
28. A Fig.9.1,DIMENSION R API653
29. A Fig.9.2, DIMENSION B API653
30. B 9.3.1.7 API653
31. B 9.3.2.3 API653
32. D 9.3.4.4 API653
33. B 9.8.6.b API653
34. A 9.10.1.1b API653
35. D 9.10.1.2b API653
36. A 9.10..2.7 D API653
37. A 9.14.1.1 API653
38. B Table9.1 API653
API 653 – Day 1 Page 55
BOOK NO: 38
Southern Inspection Services
QB 3: API 653-2009
Note: try these questions after reading API 653 once; some of following
questions will be as open book. These questions are prepared to under stand
each and every section of the API 653
3. API 653 scope is limited to the following but not one of this?
a. tank foundation.
b. First threaded joint
c. Roof
d. Attached appurtenances.
e. None of the above.
14. The portion of the tank bottom or annular plate with in 3” of the
inside edge of the shell, measured radially inward is……………
a. Critical area.
b. Special attention area.
c. Alarm area.
d. Critical Zone.
15. The following are example of repair in tank and not this one?
a. Removal of reinforcing plate.
b. Repair of tears or gouges by grinding.
c. Re-leveling and/or jacking of tank.
d. None of the above.
18. When tank roof evaluation, the structural _________ of the roof
and roof support system shall be verified.
a. Corrosion rate.
b. Supports.
c. Integrity.
d. Design needs.
28. When determining actual thickness; the actual corroded area may
________ to the maximum vertical length (L).
a. Lesser
b. Exceed
c. Same
d. Average
35. For bottom plate thickness measurements MFL and UT are used
but……….......
a. UT is often used to confirm and further quantify data obtained by
MFL.
b. UT will be always preferred for bottom plate.
c. After UT measurements taken inspector should confirm with
MFL method.
d. None of the above.
38. The projection of the bottom plate beyond the outside toe of the
shell-to-bottom weld shell shall be at least______________.
a. ¼ in.
b. ½ in.
c. 3/8 in.
d. 5/8 in.
43. The following all are tank failure due to brittle fracture but not this
one_____.
a. Tank continuously served in low temperature service.
b. After erection during hydrostatic testing.
c. First filling in cold weather.
d. After a change to lower temperature service.
e. None of the above.
44. A tank has demonstrated the ability to with stand the combined
effects of maximum liquid level and lower operating temperature
without failing. For the above tank, whether the risk of failure due
to brittle fracture with continued service in minimal?
a. No, brittle fracture will depend on low temperature of product.
b. No, brittle fracture is not dangerous in tank by experience.
c. Yes it is minimal.
d. None of the above.
46. By the experience brittle fracture will not occurred at shell metal
temperature above ___________.
a. Ambient.
b. 60°F.
c. 100°F
d. 0°F.
47. To avoid brittle fracture some tanks have heaters this heaters will
increase the metal temperature by heating the _________.
a. Shell plate.
b. Bottom plate.
c. Tank contents.
d. Fire water line.
50. In some cases _______ also control the frequency and interval of
the inspection.
a. National board regulations.
b. Jurisdictional regulations.
c. Owner/operator regulations.
d. Authorized inspector.
53. Routine in-service inspection shall include the following and not
this one?
a. Thickness check.
b. Visual inspection.
c. Evidence of leak.
d. Shell distortions.
e. Corrosion.
54. External inspection for all tanks shall be given a visual external
inspection by authorized inspector. For this inspection maximum
interval will be ____.
a. 5 years.
b. 5 years or RCA/2N years, which ever is less.
c. 5 years or RCA/4N years, which ever is less.
d. 5 years if corrosion allowance known, 15 years if corrosion
allowance not known.
55. External inspection for all tanks shall be done by Al. And during
this inspection that tank ________________________.
a. Shall be in operation during this inspection.
b. May be in operation during this inspection.
c. Should be in operation during this inspection.
d. None of the above.
56. You are the inspector for tank to do external inspection. And tank
was insulated by 150mm outside insulation and covered by
aluminum sheets. What will be your action?
a. Remove small area for inspection and cover it properly after
inspection.
b. Removal of insulation is not at all required for external
inspection.
c. Insulation removal only for necessary area to check the external
wall.
d. It is always authorized inspector’s option to open insulation.
58. When the corrosion rate is known what will be the maximum
interval of ultrasonic thickness inspection?
a. 5 years.
b. 15 years.
c. RCA/4N.
d. Both ‘a’ and ‘c’ which ever is smaller.
e. None of the above.
61. What is the maximum routine in-service inspection interval for the
tank ABC 650?
a. 3 years.
b. 11/2 year.
c. 1 month.
d. 5 years.
70. When corrosion rates are not known and similar service
experience is not available to estimate bottom plate minimum
thickness at the next inspection, the inspection interval shall not
exceed____________.
a. 10 years.
b. 20 years.
c. 5 years.
d. Owner/operator should decide.
e. Authorized inspector should decide.
71. If external inspection can access to all the area of tank, then the
internal inspection can be eliminated.
a. Yes.
b. No, internal inspection never eliminated by external inspection.
c. Depends on owner-operator requirements.
d. None of the above.
72. All new material used for repair, alteration, or reconstruction shall
confirm to ___
a. Current applicable tank standards.
b. Applicable tank standard.
c. Construction code.
d. API 653
e. API 650
75. When material not identified shall be tested, for this test specimen
selection by ____________.
a. One per heat.
b. One per lot
c. One per tank
d. Each plate.
77. For tank all new shell joints shall be _____ with complete
penetration and complete fusion.
a. Lap weld.
b. Full weld.
c. Butt weld.
d. Groove weld.
81. The Authorized inspector may give prior general authorization for
limited or routine repair as long as authorized inspector is
______________.
a. After consulting with an engineer experienced in storage tank
design.
b. Sure that repair will not require hydrostatic testing or don’t
require an engineering evaluation.
c. If the repair as per API 650.
d. ‘a’ and ‘b’.
87. Lapped patch shell repair shall not be used on any shell course
thickness that exceeds ________ or to replace door sheets or
shell plates.
a. ¼
b. ½
c. ¾
d. 1
90. Weld reinforcement in excess are with in the limit to API 650 for a
exiting weld of a tank. If change of service this weld
reinforcement…………………
a. It is acceptable to API 650, so nothing to do.
b. Smooth grinding required.
c. For a floating roof with flexible seals service it may required to
grinding.
d. Floating roof with flexible seals has to design according to the
existing weld reinforcements.
91. If the shell plate greater than ½ inch. All penetration shall be
installed with the use of an insert plate if the penetration diameter
____________________.
a. 2 inch and above.
b. Above 2 inch.
c. Less than 2 inch.
d. Insert plate is not required for nozzles.
93. The minimum dimension for a weld on patch that over laps a
bottom seam or existing patch is _________. When the thickness
of existing plate is ½ inch.
a. 12 inch.
b. 6 inch.
c. 3 inch.
d. 24 inch.
94. Welded-on patch plate over the areas of the tank bottom that have
global dishing, local dishing, settlement or over distortion are
______________.
a. Shall be profiled to that shape.
b. Shall not be used.
c. Split patches can be used.
d. None of the above.
103. At hot tapping required reinforcement plate this plate has two
half, after reinforcement plate has been welded to the shell and
NDT carried out, the pad shall be pneumatically tested. For this
pneumatic test how many telltale hole required.
a. One
b. Each half one.
c. Any where to convenient to NDT person.
d. None of the above.
104. Who shall approve all reconstruction work at the designated hold
points and after reconstruction has been completed in
accordance with the requirement of API653.
a. Authorized inspector.
b. An engineer experienced in storage tank design.
c. ‘a’ or ‘b’.
d. Any one designated by owner/operator.
110. If the material specification for the steel from an existing tank is
unknown or obsolete, test coupons for the welding procedure
qualification shall be _____.
a. Similar material to be used.
b. Comply with API 653 and API 650.
c. Cut a piece from tank.
d. Existing procedure can be used.
111. What NDT shall be done for completed welds attaching nozzle
neck to shell and reinforcing plate to shell and to nozzle neck?
a. MT or PT.
b. Visual.
c. FMT and/or UT.
d. ‘a’ or ‘c’.
113. New welds attaching existing shell plate to existing or new shell
plate shall be examined by _______________.
a. UT
b. RT
c. MT
d. PT
114. New welding on the shell to bottom joint first weld pass shall be
inspected by applying ______________ to the side opposite the
first weld pass made. The oil shall be allowed to stand at least 4
hours and then the weld inspected for wicking action.
a. Light diesel oil.
b. Vegetable oil.
c. Inspection oil.
d. Light viscosity oil.
e. Any of the above.
1. C 1.1.1 API653
2. A 1.1.1 API653
3. E 1.1.1. API653
4. B 1.1.2 API653
5. D 1.2 API653
6. D 1.3 API653
7. A 1.4 API653
8. B 3.1 API653
9. D 3.2 API653
10. C 3.3 API653
11. E 3.3 API653
12. A 3.5 API653
13. A 3.9 APl653
14. D 3.10 API653
15. A 3.24 API653
16. D 3.25 API653
17. D 4.2.1.2 API653
18. C 4.2.1.1 API653
19. B 4.2.2.1 API653
20. C 4.2.3.3 API653
21. B 4.2.3.4 API653
22. B 4.2.4.2 API653
23. D 4.2.4.1 API653
24. C 4.2.4.3 API653
25. A Table 4.3 API653
26. A 4.3.2.1b API653
27. B 4.3.2.1 b API653
28. B 4.3.2.lb API653
29. B 4.3.2.1b API653
30. B 4.3.2.1 c API653
31. A 4.3.2.la API653
32. C 4.3.2.2 API653
33. C 4.3.3.1 last API653
34. B 4.4.4 API653
35. A 4.4.4 API653
36. D 4.4.5.4 API653
37. D 4.4.5.7 API653
38. C 4.4.5.7 API653
39. B 4.4.7.4 & 4.4.6.1 API653
40. C 4.4.6.1 API653
QB : 4 API 653-2009
4. What is the joint efficiency of a lap riveted joint with one (1) row of
rivets?
a. 45%
b. 60%
c. 75%
d. 80%
5. All prior reported brittle fracture tank failures have occurred under
which of the following conditions/situations?
a. Atmospheric temperature of 20° F or lower.
b. During a hydro test where the test water was 50° F or colder.
c. Shortly after erection, following a repair / alteration, first cold
weather filling or change to lower temperature service.
d. Where a testing medium other than water was used.
11. What type of contour cut (if any) and what degree of bevel (if any)
is required on the nozzle “barrel” end that is to be joined to shell
during a “hot-tap”.
a. No contour cut required, 30° outside bevel.
b. No contour cut required, 45° outside bevel.
c. Cut to shell contour and outside beveled for full penetration
attachment weld.
d. No contour cut required, 1/8” corner radius (minimum).
16. Calculate the minimum thickness for the first course based on
product alone.
a. 7/8”
b. 3/4”
c. 5/8”
d. 1/2”
17. Calculate the “L” length for an area of general corrosion found ten
feet from the bottom on the north side of the shell, t 2 = 0.125 inches.
a. 3.7”
b. 10”
c. 13.84’
d. 40”
18. There are four pits lined vertically on the south side of the tank in the
first course. The pits measure 1”, 1.250”, 1.” and .500” in length
along a vertical line 8” long. The pit depth is approximately 0.255”
each.
a. A repair is required.
b. Because of the vertical pits, no repair is required.
c. If the pit depth is only .130 inches the pits may be ignored.
d. Scattered pits may be ignored.
19. A bulge is found on the tank floor, the diameter of the bulge is 30
inches, what is the maximum permissible height for the bulge?
a. 11.1”
b. .463”
c. .962”
d. 1.11”
20. An area of edge settlement in the tank bottom 6 feet from the tank
shell has sloped down and settled. The settlement measures 2 inches
at the deepest point. The edge settlement area has bottom lap welds
approximately parallel to the shell.
a. A more rigorous stress analysis must be performed.
b. The area must be repaired.
c. Sloped edge settlement is usually no problem.
QB : 4 API 653-2009
ANSWERS
t min = 11,356.8
23,600
12 = 1.25 feet.
B = .37R
B = .37 (1.25) B = .463 inches
20. D The area should be documented and checked during the next
inspection. Figure B-11
Using figure B-11 the area is acceptable, it should be documented.
QB 5: API 653-2009
5. According to API 653, a full hydrostatic test, held for 24 hours, shall
be performed on:
a. A new tank
b. An in-service tank
c. A reconstructed tank
d. An out-of-service tank
8. The minimum thickness of new roof plates shall be … inch, plus any
corrosion allowances, as specified in the repair specification.
a. ½
7
b. 8
3
c. 16
d. ⅜
9. Which type of tank settlement will rotate the tank in a tilted plane?
a. Uniform settlement
b. Rigid body
c. Out-of-plane settlement
d. Differential settlement
11. … settlement occurs when the tank shell settles sharply around the
periphery, resulting in deformation of the bottom plate.
a. Uniform
b. Edge
c. Out-of-Plane
d. Rigid Body Tilting
12. The corrosion rate for an AST is External 5 mils per year. Based on
API 653 requirements when should the next inspection be
scheduled?
Note: Remaining Corrosion Allowance is 0.17 inches.
a. 17 years
b. 15 years
c. 20 years
d. 5 years
19. Minimum thickness for tank bottom plate, when there is no means
of leak detection and containment, is ... inch.
a. 0.10
b. 0.075
c. 0.15
API 653 – Day 1 Page 91
BOOK NO: 38
Southern Inspection Services
d. 0.05
QB 5: API 653-2009
ANSWERS
QB 6: API 653-2009
OPEN BOOK
3. Calculate the “L” length for an area of general corrosion found 10’
from the bottom on the south side of the shell, T2=0.125”.
a. 40”
b. 12.68”
c. 6.80”
d. 11.75”
4. There are three pits aligned vertically on the north side of the tank,
in the first course. The diameters of the pits are 1.250”, 1”, and
0.500” in length along a vertical line 8” long.
Note: Assume pit depth of slightly less one-half of the minimum
acceptable tank shell thickness, exclusive of the corrosion
allowance.
a. Because the pits are aligned vertically no repair is required
b. Scattered pits may be ignored
c. If the pit is round, it may be ignored
d. A repair is required
6. A bulge is found on the tank floor, the diameter of the bulge is 30”.
What is the maximum permissible height for the bulge?
a. 11.1”
b. 0.4625”
c. 0.962”
d. 1.11”
7. An area of the tank bottom 6’ from the shell has sloped down and
settled. The settlement measures 2” at the deepest point.
a. A more rigorous stress analysis must be performed
b. The area should be repaired
c. Sloped edge settlement is usually no problem
d. The area should be documented and checked during the next
inspection
10. If the liquid level in the tank were to be lowered by 5”, what is the
minimum thickness of the first course?
a. 1.73”
b. 0.166”
c. 0.200”
d. No change from original design thickness
CLOSED BOOK
11. Per API 653, tanks shall have a formal visual inspection once every
… years or at the quarter corrosion-rate life of the shell, whichever
is less.
a. Three
b. Four
c. Five
d. Seven
13. In accordance with API Standard 653, Repairs and Alteration have
been defined as distinct activities. State which of the following
activities does not constitute an Alteration?
a. The addition of man-ways and nozzles greater than NPS 12
b. Increase and decrease in tank shell height
c. Replacement of damaged flange on nozzle by flange of same
size and material
d. All of the above
14. In accordance with API Standard 653, Repairs and Alteration have
been defined as distinct activities. Activity, which entails any work
necessary to maintain or restore a tank to a condition suitable for
safe operation. State which of the following activities does not
constitute repair?
a. Re-leveling and/or jacking of a tank shell, bottom or roof
b. Addition of reinforcing plate/s to existing shell penetration/s
c. Changing the content with higher specific gravity
d. Repair of flaws, such as tears or gouges, by grinding followed by
welding
15. In accordance with API Standard 653, Critical Zone for repairs to a
tank bottom is that portion which is:
a. Measured vertically upwards along shell, within 6” of tank
bottom
b. Measured radially inward, within 3” of the inside edge of shell
c. Measured radially outward within 1 ½” of outside edge of shell
d. A circular area measurable radially within 12” from center of tank
bottom
16. Normally the corrosion rates of the tank bottom control the
inspection interval, which are based on the actual or anticipated
rates of corrosion. In the case of a tank, where corrosion rates are
not known, and where similar service experience is not available,
the actual thickness of the bottom is to be determined by due
inspections within by RBI
a. 20 years
b. 5 years
c. 10 years
d. 25 years
18. As per API Standard 653, a routine, in service, close visual external
inspection of an aboveground storage tank (AST) shall be done, at
an interval not exceeding:
a. One year
b. Five years
c. One month
d. d. Ten years
19. As AST has a measured shell thickness of 0.75”; and its minimum
required thickness is 0.5”. The known rate of corrosion of shell is 5
mils per year. As per API Standard 653, when should the external
visual inspection by an Authorized Inspector be carried out at an
interval not exceeding?
a. One year
b. Five years
c. Twelve and half years
d. Ten years
20. An AST has a measured shell thickness of 0.75; and its minimum
required thickness is 0.5”. The rate of corrosion of shell is not
known. As per API Standard 653, the external ultrasonic thickness
measurement shall be carried out an interval not exceeding:
a. One year
b. Five years
c. Six & half years
d. Ten years
21. An AST has a measured shell thickness of 0.75”; and its minimum
required thickness is 0.5”. The known rate of corrosion of shell is 5
mils per year. As per API Standard 653, the external ultrasonic
thickness measurement shall be carried out at an interval not
exceeding:
a. One year
b. Twenty-five years
c. Fifteen years
d. Ten years
26. For all repairs and alterations under API 653, the ultimate
responsibility rests with:
a. Owner-operator
b. API Committee
c. API 653 Inspector
d. Jurisdiction Authority
QB 6: API 653-2009
Answers
Q.NO. ANS REF
1 b 4.3.3.1
2 d 4.3.3.1
3 b 4.3.2.1 (b)
4 a 4.3.2.2
5 a 4.3.2.2
6 b B 3.3
7 d B 3.3
8 c 4.3.3.1
9 a B 3.3
10 b 4.3.3.1
11 b 6.3.21
12 b 6.3.1.1
13 C API 653, 3.1 & 3.24
14 C API 653, 3.1 & 3.24
15 B API 653, 3.10
16 D API 653, 6.4.2.2
17 B API 653, Fig. 5-2 & 5.3.5& 5.3.6
18 C API 653, 6.3.1.2
19 B API 653, 6.3.2.1
20 B API 653, 6.3.3.2 (a)
21 C API 653, 6.3.3.2 (b)
22 D API 653, 4.4.3.3 & 4.4.4 GK
23 A API 653, 4.3.6
24 D API 650, 573.4
25 D API 653, 3.3
26 A API 653, 1.2
27 D API 653, GK, 6.4.2.1
28 B API 653, 3.18
29 A API 653, 3.24
API 653 – Day 1 Page 101
BOOK NO: 38
Southern Inspection Services
QB 7: API 653-2009
Note: Tick only one alternative which you think is most appropriate.
The total length of arrow line drawn is 8 inches. The length of the line
in each of the corroded areas A, B and C are 1.5”, 0.3” and 0.2”
respectively. Comment on the acceptability of the corroded
condition.
a. Acceptable
b. Not acceptable
c. Conduct a patch plate repair
d. The pitting can be ignored as a case of widely scattered pitting
5. Find the value of S which may be assumed for the lower course of
old tank for calculating tmin considering the fact that the material is
A516 gr 70.
a. 30,000 psi
b. 18,000 psi
c. 23,995 psi
d. 23,595 psi
6. Find the value of the allowable stress in the first shell course of the
conditions of the tank considered in above question if material is not
known.
a. 4680 psi
b. 23600 psi
c. 2550 psi
d. 30000 psi
13. The Liquid Height in tank is 50 feet. . If the Liquid height is decreased
by 10 feet, How much % change in the Minimum acceptable thk for the
given portion of the shell will occur ( 40/50= 80 % ie -20%)
a) 50 %
b) -20%
c) 25%
d) – 25 %
a) + 50%
b) + 80 %
c) + 67 %
d) – 40 %
QB 7: API 653-2009
In the example,
ANSWER: A
Q3. L = 3 .7√ Dt
2 = 3.7 √ 25 x 0.275 = 9.7
ANSWER: A
Q10. ANSWER: B
Q11. ANSWER: B
Q12. ANSWER: B
Q 13 ) C
Q14) D
QB 7: (API 653-2009
QB 8: API 653-2009
Note: Encircle the letter of only one alternative which you think is most appropriate.
6. Except for cast iron parts, internal coils and supports may be:
a. Dye penetrant tested
b. Leak tested
c. Hammer tested
d. Magnetic particle tested
QB 8: (API 653-2009