Antonia Ciare

JJ Wilson
 Advanced
Worl<bool< with key
CONTENTS

GRAMMAR 1 the continuous aspect

VOCABULARY 1 names VOCABULARY 1 crime collocations
LISTENING 1 stories of names VOCABULARY PLUS llexical chunks
WRITING 1 a personal profile LISTENING 1 a wrongful conviction

GRAMMAR 1 describing habits GRAMMAR 1 the perfect aspect

VOCABULARY 1 personality VOCABULARY 1 social issues
VOCABULARY PLUS 1 idioms for describing people READING 1 The unknown hero
READING 1 Take that smile off your face WRITING 1 problem/solution essay; parallelism

FUNCTION 1 speculating FUNCTION 1 expressing hypothetical

VOCABULARY 1 images preferences
LEARN TO 1 use vague language VOCABULARY 1 decisions; add emphasis
LEARN TO 1 add emphasis

GRAMMAR 1 conditionals and regrets

VOCABULARY llearning
VOCABULARY PLUS 1 metaphors VOCABULARY 1 idioms: secrets
LISTENING 1 a personal history READING 1 Secrets from times past

GRAMMAR 1 verb patterns

VOCABULARY 1 opinions GRAMMAR 1 the passive
READING 1 Books that blew your mind VOCABULARY 1 truth or myth
WRITING 1 a discursive essay VOCABULARY PLUS 1 multi-word verbs
LISTENING 1 an urban myth
FUNCTION 1 introducing opinions
VOCABULARY 1 idioms of opinion FUNCTION 1 making a point
LEARN TO 1 express doubt VOCABULARY 1 journalism
LEARN TO 1 manage a conversation

Review and Check 1 PAGE 14

VOCABULARY 1 describing places VOCABULARY 1 trends and predictions

LISTENING 1 a guide to París VOCABULARY PLUS 1 prepositional phrases
WRITING 1 a description of a place LISTENING 1 ways of foretelling the future

GRAMMAR 1 relative clauses GRAMMAR 1 concession clauses

VOCABULARY 1 adjectives VOCABULARY llanguage
VOCABULARY PLUS 1 prefixes READING 1 'D'oh!' is our favourite catchphrase
READING 1 Room for a genius? WRITING 1 a report

FUNCTION 1 making a proposal FUNCTION 1 describing cause and effect

VOCABULARY 1 city life VOCABULARY 1 fashion
LEARN TO 1 suggest modifications LEARN TO 1 summarise your views

Review and Check 3 PAGE 42

 CONTENTS

GRAMMAR 1 cleft sentences GRAMMAR 1 verb tenses for unreal situations

VOCABULARY 1 escape VOCABULARY 1 adjectives
VOCABULARY PLUS 1 suffixes VOCABULARY PLUS 1 three-part multi-word verbs
LISTENING 1 Escape from Alcatraz LISTENING 1 inspiring sports personalities

GRAMMAR 1 participle clauses GRAMMAR 1 adverbials

VOCABULARY 1 idioms: relaxing VOCABULARY 1 ideas
READING 1 The perfect road trip READING 1 Rosa Rodriguez: 'Find your passion '
WRITING 1 a leaflet WRITING 1 a review

FUNCTION 1 exchanging opinions FUNCTION 1 ranting/raving

VOCABULARY 1 risk VOCABULARY 1 express yourself
LEARN TO 1 convince someone LEARN TO 1 use comment adverbials

GRAMMAR 1 inversion
VOCABULARY 1 time expressions VOCABULARY 1 collocations
VOCABULARY PLUS 1 proverbs VOCABULARY PLUS 1 synonyms
LISTENING 1 Harriet the tortoise LISTENING 1 amazing journeys

GRAMMAR 1 ellipsis and substitution GRAMMAR 1 comparative structures

VOCABULARY 1 memories VOCABULARY 1 ambition
READING 1 The world of smells READING 1 Life story
WRITING 1 a personal story WRITING 1 a 'for and against' essay

FUNCTION 1 discussing ideas FUNCTION 1 negotiating

VOCABULARY 1 collocations with time VOCABULARY 1 negotiation
LEARN TO 1 solicit more information LEARN TO 1 stall for time

PAGE 70

AUDIO SCRIPTS PAGE 74 ANSWER KEY PAGE 84

1

1.1 ORIGINS

B Read the blog again. Underline seven

VOCABULARY names
examples of the continuous aspect used
1 Complete the puzzle. Then reveal the key word to discover one correctly. Why is the continuous used in these
of the world's most common na mes. examples? Match them with uses a)-e).
a) to describe a background action that was
1
NI in progress when another (shorter) action
2 happened
b) to talk about something that is incomplete,
3
S 1 1 l D 1 temporary, or still in progress (often
4 emphasising the length of time)
R
e) to talk about situations that are in the process
ls 1 IR of changing
6 d) to emphasise repeated actions (that may be
D 1
annoying)
]7 ~; R e) for plans that may not be definite
8
3 Underline the correct alternative.
Clues
When she saw Jan , she knew immediately that
1 My married name is Lee, but my name is Howarth . he had criedlbeen crying. ·
2 With such famous parents it's hard to live to my name. 2 Dad , 1 wondered/was wondering if 1could
3 All actors who go to Hollywood want to be names. borrow your car this weekend .
4 My grandfather, George, was named the King of England . 3 We'd already eaten/been eating all our food
and we still had two mo re days of travel.
5 Theodorakopoulos? ls that a Greek _ _ __
4 Because of the poor economy, it is getting/ gets
6 My name's Max J. Hart. My name is Joseph .
more difficult to find work.
7 Following the accusation , 1fe lt 1 needed to _ _ _ _ my name.
5 Are you free tomorrow? 1hope/ was hoping
8 Afte r ten years in the job, it's time 1 a name for myself. you might help me with my tax forms .
6 l've owned/ been awning six houses in my
GRAMMAR the continuous aspect lifetime, but this is by far the best.
7 This room is filthy! What have you been doing/
2A Read .the blog. Find and correct seven mistakes with the done all morning?
continuous aspect. 8 At the first signs of trouble, animals always
move/ are a/ways moving to higher ground .
People in the book business are 9 The boss a/ways tells/ is a/ways telling us to
What's in always saying how difficult it is
to think of a great title. There are
work hard , but she does nothing.
a name? so many books published these 1O You should ask Don. He may know/be knowing
days that it's probably getting sorne good restaurants.
harder and harder. Recently, 1 am walking thro ugh the 1 1 Helga and 1 are thinking/ think of moving to
aisles of a bookshop - I was hoping to frnd something for Spain. What do you reckon?
my grandmother's birthday- when 1 was noticing sorne 12 Look at this car. We've tried/ been trying to fix
very odd titles, sorne so clever that I had no idea what the it for weeks!
book was abo ut. If you've been working on your masterpiece
for years, it seems such a shame t hat the book might get
lost beca use of a poor title. Publishers are always telling
wo uld-be authors to keep the title short and descriptive,
but 1 think there's more to it. The title is the first thing the
reader is seeing and it has to be catchy. Jane Austen called
one of her books 'First Impressions'. I wonder if it would
have been as famous if she hadn't been changing the title to
Pride and Prejudice. William Golding wrote a novel called
'Strangers from Within'. That's OK, but I'm pref~rring
what it later beca me- Lord if the Flies. Famously, Paul
McCartney had been working on a melody when he decided
to give it the working title 'Scrambled Eggs'. Fortunately,
The Beatles changed it. Yesterday is now a classic. Anyway,
I think of writ ing a book called 'How toN ame your Book'.
It's something l've planned for at least ten minutes and l'm
expecting it to make me millions.

11

LISTENING
8 (8 1.1 Listen to six people talking about their names
and check your answers.
e Answer the questions, then listen again to check.
Why did Speaker 1 'revert to Felipe'? What name is on
his official documents?
2 What did Speaker 2 think of her real name? What did she
do later?
3 What did Speaker 3's parents decide todo? What
problem did they discover later?
4 How do you spell Speaker 4's name? What part of the
body does it sound like?
S What is good and bad about Speaker S's name? What
oes he say about his parents?
" Why does Speaker 6 describe her name as 'a nightmare'?
Where is her surname from?
O Complete the summary with the expressions in the
box.
are absolutely baffled of a compromise
the mists of time now plain old an act of defiance
a mixed blessing
Speaker 1, Felipe, changed his name as 1 ,a
way to rebel against authority. Speaker 2 had a long 'hippy'
name, but is 2 Summer Davies, which is much
simpler. Speaker 3, David Donald, got his name as a result
3 between his parents, who wanted to call him
different names. Speaker 4 says people 4 by
her name because the pronunciation differs from the way it
is spelt, which makes it confusing. Speaker S says his name is
5 - there are good and bad things about being
called James Bond. Speaker 6 says the origins of her surname
have been lost in 6 - she doesn't know when
or how the story of her surname was forgotten.
WRITING a personal profile
SA Read the advertisement and think about the
personal and professional qualities required for thejob.
GST Adventure Camp
Summer-Jgb:.Ontario, Canada
S " .iiib~
lnstructors needed for children 's summer camp,
June 18 - July 22
The mission of GST Adventure Camp is to teach new
skills, develop children's confidence and teach the
value of cooperation . The children are aged 6-16.
Applicants must be proficient in all kinds of outdoor
activities, e.g . camping, fishing, swimming, kayaking,
rock climbing. Please send a CV and personal profile
stating your interests, skills, and experience with
children of all ages. Also tell us about your character.
Applicants must be 18+ .
All camps are held in and around Beaverton, Ontario,
by Lake Simcoe.
tNRD
8 Read this outline of a personal profile for thejob.
What information is irrelevant? What information is
missing? Read the advertisement again to help you.
lnirodudion: m~ background , age
lnieresis: ouidoor living, e.g. fishing, c.ooking,
c.olleding siamps from differeni
c.ounir ies
5kills: good c.limber and swimmer, sailor,
profic.ieni in Word, bc.el, PowerPoini,
eic..
flCperienc.e: worked for Dream Campers,
Jul~ 2011, looking afier fifieen
eighi-~ear-olds.
e Write a personal profile for thejob (200 words).
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 VOCABULARY personality 3 Find and corred the mistake in seven of the sentences.
My mobile phone company keeps call me every day. lt's
1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. driving me crazy.
You don't need to use all the words. 2 Beatrix is always ask us to come and visit.
thoughtful perceptive obsessive inspirational 3 1'11 always have a coffee as soon as 1 wake up.
over-ambitious conscientious obstinate neurotic 4 My aunt would coming and collect us from school and
open-minded prejudiced apathetic insensitive take us to her house for the weekend .
solitary mature inquisitive 5 As rule, 1 like to try a recipe out on my family first before
1 invite people round to eat it.
Clara has always been particularly _ _ _ _ . She's
6 1 have an incline to be rather disorganised .
always asking questions.
7 1 tend agree with everything they say. lt makes things
2 1 can't believe that he didn 't realise how upset you are.
easier.
How of him .
8 1'11 generally read through everything at least twice
3 1 know that we can rely on them to get the job finished
before signing.
on time . They are very _ _ __
9 Nine times of ten , he'll be home by 6.30, but occasionally
4 What lovely flowers! How very of you.
he'll get stuck in traffic .
5 1 was prone to being rather as a child. 1would
1O She's forever leaving the car unlocked- it'll get stolen
regularly refuse to do what 1 was told.
one day.
6 My mother is completely _ _ _ _ . She worries about
the most ridiculous things.
7 l'm not sure that Kevin is really enough to READING
make the right decision. He seems very young for his age.
4A Read the article opposite. Choose the best summary.
8 You mustn't be and take on impossible tasks.
Make sure that your goals are achievable. A People who don't smile enough at work are trying to
conceal their own incompetence.
9 He's about cleanliness. Whenever he walks
into the room, he'll start cleaning the desks or polishing B You can improve your success at work by smiling more to
the bookcases. ingratiate yourself with others.

1O She's obviously very . She knew exactly what C Too much smiling can make you appear incompetent.
we were talking about and made a few comments that
B Read the article again. Are the statements true (T) or
nobody else would have thought of.
false (F)?
1 1 He has wonderfully original ideas. He's _ _ _ _ to
1 The writer smiled to get out of difficult situations in
work wii:h.
previous jobs.
12 l'm not sure what the problem is, but Tomas seems very
2 Smiling at customers to cover up your incompetence can
_ _ _ _ in his work recen ti y. He's just not getting
be a good habit to acquire.
round to doing it.
3 The journalist interviewed successful businesswomen
regarding the key to their success.
GRAMMAR describing habits 4 She was not particularly surprised by what they told her.
5 There is a stereotype which assumes that if you are being
2 Choose the corred option to complete the sentences.
nice to someone, you are probably not very competent at
1 have a _ _ _ _ to get people's names mixed u p.
your job.
a) tendency b) inclined e) prone 6 Using direct language, rather than soft language, in your
2 Aaliya hours in the bathroom getting ready. emails may help to affirm your authority and air of
lt drives me crazy. competence.
a) tend to spend b) will spend e) is spending
3 Grandad is _ _ _ _ to getting lost and being brought
home by the police.
a) prone b) inclined e) tending
4 1 mostly to read when l'm on holiday.
a) have tendency b) tend e) 'm tending .
5 They would keep me to move offices. So, in
the end, 1 left.
a) to ask b) ask e) asking
6 People _ _ _ _ sending me emails asking for advice.
a) always b) always are e) were always

11
 C Complete the sentences with the words/phrases in
bold from the article. Use the definitions in brackets to

Siñilean
your face
help you.
1 1 was completely
(surprised)
. 1 didn't expect it at all.

2 The new manager walked into the room . And without

Are yo u too ni ce for your own good? When 1 had my first
job as a waitress in a restaurant, 1 soon learnt that the
best way to get myself out of trouble was to smile sweetly
at every possible opportunity. 'l'm so sorry', 1 beamed,
when 1 dropped the plate on the floor and it smashed into
smithereens. 'There must have been a misunderstanding.
1'11 sort it out straight away,' 1smiled, having served chicken
kiev toa strict vegetarían. lt carne naturally. Smiling was
a necessary part of the job, dealing with customers - but
when 1 look back at the experience now, 1 can see that
what 1 was actually doing was desperately covering up for
my own inadequacies, my incompetence. 1 had no idea
what 1was really supposed to be doing, so l'd smile nicely
and hope 1 would get through the day alive. And it quickly
became a habit that stuck.
any at all, he started the meeting. (polite social
behaviour)
3 He took a hammer and smashed the plate into
_ _ _ _ . (many very small pieces)
4 l've always been afraid to talk to her. She seems very
_ _ _ _ . (distant and remete)
S lf, at the end of the month, there are any _ _ __
funds, we can use them to hold a celebration dinner.
(extra)
6 1 was rather _ _ _ _ by the suggestion. (shocked)
7 With his remarkable , l'm sure he will be
fantastically successful. (insight into business)
8 lt was an attempt to reduce the budget _ _ __
(the amount by which a su m of money falls short of a
reference amount)

In fact, it's a habit that has stayed with me for nearly

a'
twenty years. Recently, 1 interviewed group of top VOCABULARY PLUS idioms
businesswomen about what they felt was the key factor
in their success. Was it their acute business acumen, S Complete the conversations with the words in the box.
their nerves of steel in the boardroom, their ability to spot
an opportunity when it arose? 1 was completely caught 1 body box horse kid neck sheep soul ways
off guard, and quite taken aback when one woman,
Miriam, a highly successful manager of a top football club, A: Who told you about Ali and Pietro getting married? lt
explained to me how she had survived and prospered in was supposed to be a secret.
a particularly male-dominated environment. 'You have to B: Sorry, Anne told me. She can be a bit of a
learn to stop smiling,' she said . 'You don't need to make bus y_ _ __
people like you all the time. You just have to do your job,
and do it well. And the job isn 't just about being nice.' 2 A: l'm so glad Pilar is coming tonight. She'll get everyone
going.
lt's so simple, but 1 had never really stopped to notice. B: Yes, she tends to be the life and _ _ _ _ of the
You see, by smiling, what you 're really doing is trying to
party.
ingratiate yourself with the other person. lt's a submissive
gesture. And in business, people who appear warm and 3 A: All my family are academics, but 1left school when 1
friendly may be perceived as being less competent, was fifteen.
compared to others who appear cold, hard and aloof. B: Yeah, you've always been the black _ _ _ _ of the
In fact, there have been numerous studies done family.
demonstrating the stereotype that people tend to see
4 A: She hasn't stopped talking for the last two and a half
warmth and competence as inversely related. lf there is an
apparent surplus of one trait, then it is assumed that there hours!
will be a deficit of the other. B: 1know. She's a terrible chatter_ _ __
5 A: l'm not sure how the team will respond to these new
The effect is not just limited to smiling, either. Think
ideas.
about all the emoticons and soft language we use to
make our emails more 'friendly'. After my meeting with B: Do yo u think they're a bit set in their _ _ __
Miriam, 1frantically searched back through my recent 6 A: You didn't tell me that Andreas was in a rock band!
correspondence and found, to my dismay, that my emails
B: 1didn 't know. He's quite a dark _ _ _ _ , you know.
were littered with apologies and covert requests. 'l'm
terribly sorry to have to ask you .. .' 'Do yo u think yo u 7 A: 1 can 't work out how this computer program works.
could possibly ... ?' '1 wondered if it might be all right to B: Why don 't you ask Dan? He's a whiz when
just ...?' . So, l've taken an executive decision. From now it comes to computers .
.on 1will be more assertive and direct with the people 1
work with . l've removed all niceties from 8 A : He's one of our customers, but he seems to enjoy
my emails- and l've wiped that perman~nt complaining.
smile from my face. B: Are you saying he's a pain in the _ _ __

ThaRI<s fer readiFtg! ©

11
 VOCABULARY images
1 Underline the correct alternative.
We posed!caricatured for photographs outside the
entrance to the building.
2 He was aman of great physical f/atteringlpresence.
3 The photograph showed a rather grey, dismal/f/icker of
afternoon.
4 She saw a flatteringlflicker of doubt in his eyes.
S He draws caricatureslpresence of politicians.
6 That colour is very flattering/flickered on you.
FUNCTION speculating
2 Match the beginnings of conversations 1-6 with
responses a)-f).
1 Do you think there's any chance that we'll win the cup?
2 What's that on the horizon? Can you see?
3 Have you got the time on you?
4 What do yo u think about that hotel over there?
S lt's Mahbek. He wants to know when we'll get there.
6 Have you seen the queue?
a) Yes, it gives me the impression that we might have to wait
for sorne time.
b) l'd say that it's definitely expensive. Look at those
chandeliers!
e) No, 1 haven 't. But l'd hazard a guess that it's about lunch
time.
d) lf 1 had to make a guess, l'd say we'll be with him in an
hour.
e) 1 reckon there's a fair chance of it, yeah. We've played
LEARNTO use vague language
4A ® 1.2 Listen to the conversation. Are the statements
true (T) or false (F)?
1 Anna is on her way to visit Francesca.
2 They are planning to go out to eat somewhere.
3 Anna can't stand spicy food .
B Listen again. What exactly do they say? Complete the
sentences.
1'11 see you here at about _ _ _ _ then.
2 1 need to pickup a of things.
3 l've got plenty of _ _ _ _ to be getting on with here.
4 l've just got to finish sorne work and sort the kitchen out
and stuff _ _ _ _ _ _ __
S Do you want me to bring anything, you _ _ __
6 . .. any kind of food or like that?
7 Oh, there's one _ ___ 1was going to ask.
8 Are you OK with spicy food? You know, chilli and
____ ?
C Find examples of vague-language in the sentences
above and write them in the table below.
vague nouns: (e.g. thing, stuff, bit, something)
quantifiers: (e.g. one or two, a few, a couple of, a lot)
vague numbers: (e.g. around, about fifty, more or /ess)
generalisers: (e .g. sort of, kind of, you know)

well all season. list completers: (e.g. and stuff, and so on, or something)
f) 1wonder if it could be a fishing boat.

3 Look at the pictures. Make two sentences about each

one using the prompts.
1 guess 1 could 1 be

2 hazard 1 guess 1 that

3 wonder 1 if

4 reckon 1 it

S seems 1 to 1 me

6 gives 1 impression 1 that

7 appears 1 be

8 had 1 make 1 guess 1 say

El
2.1 OPINION

VOCABULARY learning GRAMMAR conditionals and regrets

1 Write one word in each gap to complete the texts. 2 Choose the correct options to complete the text.

Regrets - just a few

PRESIDENT THEODORE ROOSEVELT once said, 'The only time
you really live fully is from thirty to sixty. The young are slaves
to dreams; the old [are] servants of regrets.' lndeed, it's often
claimed that young people wish they 1_ _ the things they
did, and old people regret not doing the things they didn 't do.
AHMED SAEED WAHABI (POLITICIAN) A very informal poli among friends and acquaintances for this
When 1was growing up, we would column reveals that people generally regret 2_ _ (more)
get five newspapers every day from children, choosing the wrong career, and missing out on
the man or woman of their dreams. Then there are the odd ,
all sides of the political spectrum.
individual cases. A close friend said, '1wish 3 _ _ become
' 1asked my father why we needed
a vegetarian earlier. 4_ _ 1done so, over the years l'd have
five newspapers and he said saved about four hundred chickens, fifty pigs and thirty cows.'
'so we can see everyone's point
Another pal said, 'lf 15_ _ such an idiot when 1was
of view'. This had a profound
1 eighteen, l'd never have had this tattoo done. Imagine
on me. Now, whenever spending your whole life with a picture of your ex-girlfriend
1come 2 attack for my on your ar~. lf only it 6_ _ Mother Teresa or someone who
opinions, 1look at it from the other ' deserves to be there!'
side's point of view and it helps me 1spoke to an ex-professional footballer whose Gareer was cut
understand the issue fully. short by injury. 'lf l'd been smarter, 17_ _ put all my eggs in
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, one basket. 18_ _ at least fin ished school. Aged twenty-
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,111111111111111111111111 seven, 1had no qualifications apart from kicking a ball.'

RICHARD HALLIDAY (INVESTOR) Of my elderly contacts, about half wished 9_ _ followed

their passion instead of taking the safe option. One
When I was 3 the ropes, grandfather-of-fifteen said, '1might 10_ _ a good actor, but
I met a legendary billionaire at the time 1had a big family to support, and acting isn't a
investor. I asked him the secret of secure profession. So 1became a bank clerk and spent the
his success and he said. Tm not a rest of my life cashing other people's cheques.'
smart guy. I just read everything: Asan antidote to all this doom and gloom , another friend
trade magazines. financial news, cheerfully said, 'Regrets? lf only we 11 _ _ how good life
annual reports, even the footnotes is.' Then he told me that people should make lists of all
in annual reports. That's why I the friends they've had, the places they've seen, the things
they've enjoyed . '1 wish everyone 12_ _ the good things in
know more than 98 percent of
life!' he said, and drained his cup of tea in one gulp.
people on Wall Street. · He was
right. Now I read everything. Once
a) hadn 't been doing b) hadn't done
you have all the information. you
e) are doing d) have do ne
can 4 your instincts.
2 a) to have b) of not having e) not having d) not to have
"""""""""""""'"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 3 a) 1was b) 1 am e) l've d) l'd
4 a) lf b) Had e) Have d) Should
CLARE NICHOLAS (CEO)
5 a) hadn't been b) had been

'
When 1first became a high-level e) didn't be d) not been
manager, 1was on a steep 6 a) were b) was being e) 's been d) wasn 't
s curve. A colleague
7 a) didn't b) wouldn't e) wouldn 't have
said to me, '1see you in meetings.
d) wo uld have
You 're very intelligent, but you
don't know enough about the 8 a) have b) must have e) would d) 'd have
industry. Don't be too proud to ask 9 a) they'd b) they e) they did d) they'd been
if you don't understand something .· 10 a) have been beeoming b) have become
1followed his advice . lf you believe ' e) had become d) become
6. yourself, you 'll never be 11 a) realise b) can realise e) realised d) are realising
scared to look stupid . lt's better to 12 a) has appreciated b) is appreeiating
ask than to bluff. e) appreciates d) would appreeiate

11
3 Match 1-8 with a)-h) to make sentences. LISTENING
1 We wouldn't have got here so early had we ...
2 They would ha ve lost the match, but ... 6A Look at the photo. What can you guess about this
woman's lite?
3 Supposing you'd been offered a part in that film, ...
• ls she rich or poor? • Does she have a family?
4 Tom wouldn't be sitting here right now if .. .
• Where is she from? • Do people like her?
S lf only the Johnsons had never . ..
• What did she teach herself to do?
6 Imagine you'd really lost your ticket, how would . ..
7 1 think all of us regret . ..
8 1 really wish 1 ...

a) would you have accepted?

b) yo u have got home?
e) not being nicer to Mandy.
d) hadn 't said those things to Mum.
e) 1 hadn't pulled him through that window.
f) for Thomson's goal at the end.
g) known you weren't going to be here until 6.00.
h) bought that house, they wouldn't be in debt now.

4A ® 2.1 Listen and complete the sentences with the

words you hear. Sorne words are contractions. B ® 2.2 Listen and answer the questions above.
1 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ more when 1was younger.
2 lf _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ met that crazy man!
e Write questions for answers 1-6. Then listen again
to check.
3 lf l'd had more talent, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ famous.
1
4 1wouldn't be here _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to my parents.
When she was six years old .
S lf it wasn't for you , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ about that flat.
2
6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the scholarship, would yo u have
He was a tailor.
gone?
3
B Practise saying the sentences to yourself at full speed. Five.
e Write six sentences. lnclude the words you wrote in 4
Exercise 4A. Say your sentences aloud, making su re you One year.
say the contracted forms. 5
1 wish /'d studied English at school because 1 need it for She thought it was a hoax.
myjob.
6
Eight hundred .
VOCABULARY PLUS metaphors
D Match the underlined words/expressions from the
S Sentences 1-8 each have a word missing. Complete recording with definitions a)-f). Read the transcript on
the sentences with the words in the box. page 74 to help you. ·
1 'she'd sailed to Brazil at the age of six with nothing but the
at downhill for go ideas 1egUI gitate their to
rags on her back'

regurgitate 2 'cars, the new playthings of the wealthy '

1 hate exams in which you just have toÁthe teacher's
ideas.
2 Because experience is vital, mountaineers don't usually
reach peak until their forties.
3 My tennis has gone as l've got older.
4 1was a crossroads in my career so 1 had to make a move.
3 [She was a] 'prolific producer of babies'
4 'She had an iron will'
S 'she turned into the neighbourhood fairy godmother'
6 'don't wash your dirty linen in public'
a) great determination

5 1find a lot of his theories rather hard swallow. b) laundry

6 When 1 joined the company, my boss said, 'You'll far.' e) imaginary person who makes your dreams come true

7 This report says human cloning is only a few years away. d) material that is in very bad condition (ripped or out
Hmm , that's food thought. of shape)

8 He emails me with these ridiculous half-baked on how to e) toys

improve the business. f) extremely productive
READING
1A Read the blog. Have you read or
heard of any of the books which are
mentioned?
B Which type of book is not mentioned?
a) a novel about a young gir l
b) a non-fictional account of an expedition
e) a detailed biography of a scientist
d) an autobiographical history
e) a philosophical memoir
2 Which of the books:
1 gave t he reader new insights into a
different culture?
2 inspired the reader to go on a journey?
3 challenges the orthodox views of western
science?
4 was read by a yo ung reader?
S describes how the culture of a country
is changing as seen through the eyes of
three women?
6 discusses issues o f social justice and
poverty?
7 describes the struggle of two men trying
to achieve something which had not been
previously achieved?
8 encourages you to re-think scientific values?
3 Find words/phrases in the article
which mean:
to b e a typical example o f som et hing:
_ _ _ _ _ (int roduct ion)
2 so excited or interested that you are
reluctant to stop:
Swans)
(Wild
3 full of poverty: _ _ __ _
a Mocking Bird)
4, 'i'?~f.i lí' J5'yvu•~~ ~~cd, VT't JII ú. -¡.jtty.
_ _ _ _ _ (To Kili a Mocking Bird)
S statement or idea o n w hich yo u base
other ideas : (Zen and the
Art of Motorcyc/e Maintenance)
6 land that is always wet o r covered w ith
water: (To the Ends of
the Earth)
.
1
..._.. ~ ~
BOOKS THAT BLEW YOUR MINO
- ~ -.._....
Every once in a while there will be a book that makes you want to
~
1 shout out from the rooftops 'Read this book!' They are the books that
just blow your mind . Perhaps they epitomise your spirit of adventure or
1
challenge sorne long-held perception you have. Maybe they quite simply
change your way of thinking forever. Sounds familiar? Then share your
ideas with the rest of us!
Wild Swons: 1remember reading this whilst on holiday with a 1
boyfriend. 1was absolutely gripped by the book,
Three
Doughters
unable to put it down at the breakfast table,
during our sightseeing trips and well into the 1
of C~ino, 1 night. lt's an autobiographical account of three
: female generations of Chang's family, and 1was
JUNG CHANG so fascinated by the picture it painted of Chinese
culture, the things that happened during the
1 Cultural Revolution, and how China is changing
now. lt was a truly eye-opening read .
1
Lori, San Francisco
1
: We had to read th is at school as one of our set
To Kili : texts. Until that time, l'd never been particularly
o Mocking : interested in reading , but 1remember being so
Bird,
1 HARPER LEE
:1
:
:
moved by the story of Atticus and his fight for
justice. The story, set in poverty-ridden ~labama
during the depression, is told through the eyes
1
:
:
of Atticus' young daughter (Scout) and 1wonder
if it was this that made the story so poignant 1
: for me, reading it as a young schoolgirl myself.
1
: lnterestingly, although this book won her huge
: acclaim, Harper Lee never wrote another novel.
: Maxine, Oxford
1
: This book has sold more than 5 million copies
Zen and : worldwide, making it one of the biggest-selling
the Art of : philosophy books ever. In the book, Pirsig
1
1
. Motorcycle : explores cmany themes, and one of them is the
·Maintenonce, : whole premisa on which science, and therefore
: western medicine, is based. lt's a book about
ROBERT M. PIRSIG : questioning and the search for true meaning, and
: for me it was quite simply a revelation . lt opened
1
1
: my eyes to a new way of thinking. There are sorne
: books you need to read as you're growing up and
: this, for me, was one of them.
1
: Luke, Sydney
: This bookwas quite literally life-changing forme.
To the : The book describes the Transglobe Expedition
1 Ends of : undertaken in 1979 by adventurers Ranulph 1
the Earth, :1 Fiennes and Charles R Burton. This 100,000-mile
1 RANULPH FIENNES :
:
journey, from pole to pole, took them across the
Sahara, through the swamps and jungles of Mali 1
(To Kili : and the lvory Coast and ovar unexplored areas
:
1
l
of Antarctica. The book describes how the two
11 men risked death in order to achieve something
: spectacular, and it was this that first inspirad me to
: complete a solo transatlantic sailing trip myself.
1 ~- _ _ AJex=:U
11
 VOCABULARY opinions WRITING a discursive essay
4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. 6A Choose the correct alternatives to complete the first
draft of a discursive essay.
stereotype eye-opening second thoughts
convincing an open mind perspective
narrow-minded preconceptions Globalisation will eventually
The _ _ _ _ 1 had about life in South Africa were the lead to a complete loss of
same as many people have. cultural identity
2 She doesn 't fit the typical _ _ _ _ of what a good
mother is. People around the world are becoming
3 Originally, he accepted the promotion , but then he had
increasingly similar. 1In fact,/However, / For this
reason they often eat the same food, watch the
4 lt's vital that we keep _ _ _ _ about what might have
same TV programmes and wear the same clothes.
happened . 2 Another problem is/As a result,/Conversely,
S 1found the professors at the university to be incredibly it could be said that cultural identities are in
_ _ _ _ . They weren't prepared to accept new ways
danger of being lost. 3However,/For this reason j
of thinking.
In addition to this cultural identity is about much
6 My travels in South America were an _ _ __
more than the clothes you wear. The foundation
experience. 1 learned so much about the culture of the
people and how it is different to my own.
of cultural identity lies in the values we share
with others.
7 1think we need to look at the situation from a new
4 0n the contrary,jNeYertheless,jWhat is more,
8 The evidence of his guilt was not very _ _ __ as global brands become ever more prominent,
it's easy to imagine how this trend will continue
GRAMMAR verb patterns until, eventually, we lose all traces of our own
cultural identity.
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
50n the other hand, 1Additionally,1Accordingly,
verbs in brackets.
As a business leader, (make) decisions is one global integration together with improved travel
of the most important things you do. and communication systems mean that it is
2 lt's imp¿rtant _ _ _ _ (have) strong opinions on an becoming increasingly easier for people to learn
issue in order (invite) a healthy debate on and understand more about different cultures
the topic. and to broaden their own cultural horizons.
6Nevertheless,jConsequently,jObviously, cultural
3 However, the fact is that circumstances change all the
time. You may need to contemplate (change) identity continues to play a vital role in people's
your decision. lives, reminding them of their associated history
4 lf the facts and environment change, you need -. _ __ and ancestors.
(be) willing and able to make changes quickly while you
7 0bviously,jHowever,jFurthermore, it has also
still have the chance (do) so.
S The scientists appear _ _ _ _ (steal) their research become apparent that in a significant number of
from another source. countries, people feel that their traditional way
6 The officer in question was reported (change) of life is getting lost as a result of foreign
his account of the events on many occasions. influence ...
7 1 would hate (have to) miss an opportunity
like that. Can't you change the date?
B Look at the essay again. Are the sentences 1-7 for (..')
8 Paula was forever (give) bad advice by her
superiors. or against (,K) the argument?

9 Not (have) the courage of your convictions C Write the final draft of the essay (200-250 words)
can be seen as a weakness. using the first draft as a starting point. Add further
1O The directors seem _ _ _ _ (reach) the same examples to the discursive essay using sorne of the linking
conclusion as we did . devices you discarded in Exercise 6A.

11
 2.3

VOCABULARY idioms of opinion 3 Write sentences with the same meaning as the
sentences below. Use the words in brackets.
1A Correct the idioms. In truth , corruption is a huge problem. (reality, is)
a) play devil's attorney
L. 1think cars should be banned from the city centre. (in,
b) sit on the wall humble)

e) speak your thoughts 3 In my view, Kurt is the best candidate. (far, concerned)

d) beat about the garden 4 1hear that the company will merge next year. (from, gather)

e) have a vested motivation 5 Even if no one listens to me, 1want to say 1love your
ideas! (what, worth)

f) have an axe to sharpen

6 In my opinion, his early CDs are much better than the
later stuff. (ask, me)
B Match idioms a)-f) with their definitions below.
have a private motive for doing something 7 The truth? 1don 't like that colour. (want, opinion)
2 avoid talking a lot w ithout directly addressing the most
important point
8 Without beating about the bush , 1think she's a genius.
3 say what you really believe (frankly)
4 be unable to commit yourself to one opinion or one side
5 a special interest in an existing system, arrangement or 9 1know you hate dogs, but think about this: they are great
institution for particular personal reasons guards. (look, way)
6 say something unlikely or unpopular so people w ill think
about the issue more carefully

C Complete the sentences with the correct idioms. LEARNTO express doubt
You can't for ever. At sorne stage you
need to decide whose side you 're on. 4A Put the underlined words in the correct order to
2 He has a in the industry so 1don't complete the conversation.
think he should serve on the regulating board. A: Did you hear about the archaeological findings in Ethiopia?
3 1feel 1must . This proposal is An anthropologist claims to have found 'the missing link'.
absolutely terrible and it makes no sense! B: Really? 1unlikely 1 that 1 find 1 11 highly. Anthropologists
4 l'd like to . What if we lose all our are always saying they 've made these wonderful
clients to our competitor? What happens then? discoveries and mostly it's nonsense.

5 Let's not _______ . This film was a disaster. A: Anyway, this anthropologist found sorne bones which
were unlike anything ever found befo re, and . ..
6 Every time she speaks to me, she mentions last year's
salary cuts. She really has an _ _ _ _ _ __ B: 2don 't 1 that 1 know 1 11 about. Abone is abone is
abone.
A: Yes, but these were a different structure. And ...
FUNCTION introducing opinions B: 3really 1 about 1 sure 1 l'm 1 that 1 not. A different
structure? What was it: a human with wings, or something?
2 Cross out the extra word in each statement.
A: No! 4idea 1 you 1 Where 1 that 1 did 1 get? lt was
lf you want for my honest opinion , 1think smoking should
a skeleton that didn 't look like either a human ora
be made illegal.
chimpanzee, but it was over four mili ion years old .
2 There are no miracle diets. Look at it on this way: those
B: 5debatable 1 very 1 That 's. Four million years? How do
diet ads are selling you an impossible dream.
they know?
3 From what that 1can gather, global warming is a very real
A: 1give up. What's on TV?
problem. lf we don 't address it now, it'll be too late.
4 ·By according to the government, immigration is out of B 2.3 Listen and check.
control. The reality is, immigrants bring many skills.
C Listen again and read at the same time. Read
5 For what it's been worth, 1think military service is a great
sentences 1-5 aloud as you hear them. Concentrate on
idea. In my humble opinion , young people today need the
the intonation for expressing doubt (e.g. long vowel
kind of discipline that the army brings.
sounds on rea//yand highly).
6 lf you will ask me, hunting should be banned. In the eyes
of any humane person, it 's an inhumane 'sport '.
REVIEW ANO CHECK 1: UNITS 1-2

GRAMMAR continuous aspect VOCABULARY review

1 Underline the corred alternatives. Sometí mes both 2 Complete the pairs of sentences with the corred
options are possible. word/phrase.
My name's Am anda, and it 1comes 1 's coming 1 live up to 1 make
from the Latin, meaning 'worthy of lo ve .' lt's ' a) lt must have been hard for someone like Ziggy Marley
interesting because 1 2study 1 'm studying Latin to his name.
at the moment, so that gives it sorne extra b) She's working hard trying to a name for
resonance for me. herself in show business.
' 2 put your name forward 1 clear your name
My surname is Russell , though originally, it
was Rosen, which is a German name. My ' a) The lawyers are trying to so that you
grandfather 3changed 1 was changing his name can continue to work in this area.
when he 4moved 1 was moving to the UK just b) lt was good of yo u to _ _ _ _ _ for the role of
before the Second World W ar. chairperson.
My name is Max Ciare, wh ich 1 5found 1 was 3 household name 1 maiden name
finding very difficult as a young boy. At school , a) As a singer, he became a after his
the teachers would call us by our surnames ' hugely successful debut album .
and , as a result, the other kids 6a/ways teased 1 b) My mother's was Glinka.
a/ways were teasing me, and 7 cal/ed 1 cal/ing me 4 perceptive 1 obsessive
' 'Ciare' .
a) He was a fantastic chess player, but he had a rather
1 have a rather unusual surname, and it's made _ _ _ _ _ nature.
worse by the fact that l'm a doctor. l'm Dr b) 1 thought her remarks were most _ _ _ __
Tooth, which always 8makes 1 is making people
S conscientious 1 apathetic
laugh. 1 suppose it could have been worse
9 a) Politically, l'm rather , because 1 don 't
though - at one point 1 planned 1 was planning '
feel that my opinion has any influence.
' to become a dentist. Luckily, 1 changed my
mind. b) He is an extraordinarily worker, and
usually the last person to leave the building.
l've 10thought 1 been thinking about changing
6 prejudiced 1 rebellious
my name for a while now. l've never 11 /iked 1
been liking my name, and it doesn 't hold happy a) He can be rather against minorities.
memories forme. So, now l'm an adult, 1 b) At school he was renowned for having a
thought 1 could choose a name which 1 prefer. _ _ _ _ _ character.
7 solitary 1 inquisitive
W e 12hoped 1 were hoping you could help us
to decide on a name for the company. At the a) Harry would rather spend time alone. He's a
_ _ _ _ _ personality.
moment we 13consider 1 're considering various

'
opt1ons.

' b) They as k questions about everything. They are so

8 obstinate 1 neurotic
a) She can be very about things, so it's
difficult to persuade her to change her mind once she's
decided.
b) They worry far too much. They're completely
_ _ _ _ _ about everything.
9 flattering 1 posing
a) The celebrities are for photos outside
the palace.
b) lt's a very portrait. She doesn't actually
look very much like that.
1 O caricatured 1 flicker
a) The politician was _ _ _ _ _ in all the newspapers.
b) He thought he noticed the slight of a
smile appear on her face.

11
 REVIEW ANJ:>ECHECK 1: UNITS 1-2

GRAMMAR describing hábits VOCABULARY review 2

3 Correct the sentences by adding, removing or
changing one word.
1 Nine times of ten he'll be right, but that is no guarantee.
2 1 was forever have to apologise for his behaviour.
3 Kids are prone for to eat too much junk food.
4 Greg has tendency to be critica! , which makes him
un popular with his co-workers.
5 As a ruler, most students finish their coursework by the
end of May.
6 1'11 generally to have justa piece of toast for breakfast.
6 Add vowels to complete the phrases.
l'm justa beginner. l'm l_ _ rn_ng the r_p_s.
· 2 When you 're not sure about a decision, you just need to
tr_st your _nst_nct.
3 l'm really enjoying my new job, but it's been a st_ -P
learning c_rv_.
4 1 was planning to ha ve a big party to celebrate, but now
l'm having s_c_nd th _ _ ghts.
5 We don 't know what is going to happen , so we need to
keep an op_n m_ nd about things.

7 She was not inclined get up early on a Sunday morning. 6 Let's try to look at the situation from a wh_l_ new
p_rsp_ct_v_ .
8 When we were younger we would spend for hours just
playing in the garden. 7 1can't stand it when people are so n_rr_w-m_nd_d .
8 Don't worry about me. l'm just playing d_v_l 's
_dv_c_t_ .
VOCABULARY PLUS idioms 9 You can rely on Fernandez to sp _ _ k his m_nd .

4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. 1O lt's no use b_ _ting _b _ _t th_ b_sh. Just get to
the point.
black busybodies chatterbox
hand kids life neck ways
GRAMMAR conditionals and regrets
1 wouldas k Graham . He's an old _ _ _ _ when it
comes to things like this. 7 Complete the sentences using the prompts. There may
be more than one possible answer.
2 Giada has always been the sheep of the
family. She's such a rebel. 1 lf 1 hadn 't gone to the USA, 1 never 1 meet
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my husband .
3 To be the and soul of the party you need to
come out of your shell and let go. 2 lf only we'd known about the spare key, we not 1 hove to 1
cal/ the police.
4 Marcos was sixty-five and rather set in his _ _ __
about how to do things. 3 Had we realised that the interview had started, we not 1
just 1 go into the room
5 The city is full of financia! whiz _ _ __
without knocking.
6 My neighbours drive me crazy. They are real _ _ __
4 Supposing you'd been in my shoes, what you 1 do
always poking their noses in your business.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when he called to say sorry?
7 You 'll have to tell me if l'm talking too much . 1 tend to be
a bit of a _ _ __
5 But for Patrizia, we never 1 find
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the stadium. We'd still be
8 The customs officer refused to let us through. He was a wandering the streets.
real pain in the _ _ __
6 lf she'd stayed in her last job, she probably 1 be
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ successful by now.
FUNCTION speculating 7 He regretted not 1 go to
university when he had the chance to.
S Underline the correct alternative. 8 Of course that's what we should do. lf only we think
/'// hazardous/ /'d hazard a guess that there'll be some kind _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of it before!
of confrontation. 9 1 wouldn 't have booked tickets for the concert if 1rea/ise 1
2 lt make/makes me think that maybe they were right you 1 already 1 do it.
all along. 1O lt's hard to imagine what life would have been like if we
3 1suppose/supposing they've probably finished by now. never 1 hove children.
4 /'d reckoning/1 reckon they're going to win .
5 l'm sure prettylpretty sure they would have asked us, if
we had to leave.
6 · She gives/makes the impression of always being very
cal m.

11
REVIEWAf:.JO:CHECK I:UNITS 1-2

VOCABULARY PLUS metaphors FUNCTION introducing

opinions
8 Cross out the extra word in each sentence.
You've done really well, kid. You 'll go too far. 1OA Put the underlined words in the
2 lt started off well , but quickly went downhill bottom from there. corred order to complete the sentences.
3 Thanks for those comments. lt's given us some food for the thought. a) way 1 at 1 it 1 this 1 look: 1have no
option but to trust him.
4 h was very shocking news. 1 found it hard for to swallow at first.
b) far 1 l'm 1 as 1 concerned 1 as, there is
S lt's no good wasting precious all time worrying about things you
simply no competition.
can't change.
e) what 1 see 1 from 1 can 1 1, this is the
6 After all this time, 1 can't believe that they 've come up with such a
best route to take .
half-baked for idea.
d) honest 1 you 1 my 1 opinion 1 want 1 if,
7 1think he's reached for the peak of his career.
1think you should take up the offer.
8 1found myself ata crossroads decision and wasn 't sure what todo.
e) you 1 if 1 me 1 ask, it's a complete waste
9 We'll need to put off aside some time to discuss this at the end of of time.
the meeting.
f) reality 1 the 1 is, 1think you could get it
1O You just can't afford to spend so much time to watching television. cheaper elsewhere.
1 1 He has an incredible memory- he is forever regurgitating on obscure
facts about things he has learned . B Add the sentences in Exercise lOA to
12 We knew we would have to move out of the house, so it felt like we the conversations below.
were forever living on borrowed money time. A: l'm thinking of signing up for that
course you did last month . Did you
think it was worth it?
GRAMMAR verb patterns
B: --------------------------
9 Complete the text with the corred form of the verbs in brackets.
2 A: Do you really think that you can rely
on Ji m to keep this quiet?
B: ------------------------

3 A: l've been offered a promotion, but l'm

not su re 1really want it. What do you
think?
B: ------------------------

4 A: lt's a lovely coat, but l'm really not

sure 1 can afford it.
B: ------------------------

S A: Are you certain this is the bes~ way to

go?
B: ------------------------

6 A: What about all the other companies

selling similar products?
B: --------------------------
 TEST 1: UNITS 1-2

TEST
Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. 16 The Prime Minister came under for
1 My mother's name, before she married , introducing the controversia! policy.
was Karadia.
a) review b) attack e) effect
a) married b) maiden e) single
17 You must trust your in business.
2 She has had to work hard to her name
a) instincts b) qualification e) feeling
after the accusations.
18 how strongly they would react, 1simply
a) clean b) repair e) clear
wouldn't have told them .
3 We're planning on getting our own place, but for the
a) Had 1 known b) Did 1 know e) 1 had known
moment, with friends .
19 1wish 1 earlier what was going on, then 1
a) we're staying b) we stay e) we'll be stayed
might have been able to do something about it.
4 1can 't believe how long 1 for someone to
a) would have realised b) didn 't realise
take my call. l'm just listening to music.
e) 'd realised
a) 've been waited b) 've been waiting e) wait
20 lf he hadn 't experienced so many problems in the
S Excuse me, to you? early stages, he _ _ __
a) is this pen belongirig b) does this pen belonged a) might have won b) won e) would win
e) does this pen belong
21 1wanted to confront him about the issue, but then 1
6 l'm _ _ _ _ to take a romantic view of things. had thoughts.
a) prone b) tend e) forever a) first b) second e) third
7 As , 1like to be in charge of these matters 22 1think the problem is that the managers can be very
myself.
a) an inclination b) a tendency e) a rule a) perspective b) stereotype e) narrow-minded
8 My fam ily have a _ _ _ _ to exaggerate. 23 _ _ _ _ to appear stupid, he kept quiet.
a) tend b) tendency e) prone a) Not wanting b) Not have wanted
9 She noticed lots of unexpected things, and made e) He was wanting not
some very comments. 24 Sam was always _ _ _ _ by the other children.
a) apathetic b) obstinate e) perceptive a) be picked on b) being picked on
1O Small children are forever asking questions. They ha ve e) been picked on
such minds. 2S They were thought _ ___ by the back door.
a) rebellious b) inquisitive e) over-ambitious a) of having escaped b) to have escaped
11 My father is eighty-six, and he's very in his e) to have escaping
ways. 26 l'm going to play devil's here and say that 1
a) fixed b) set e) settled don 't see why not.
12 She's a lovely girl , but she's an incredible _ _ __ a) advocate b) friend e) partner
a) black sheep b) whiz kid e) chatterbox 27 You were absolutely right to speak your _ _ __
13 1 they must be in their seventies, wouldn't a) words b) ideas e) mind
you say? 28 As far as 1_ _ _ _ , they can do what they like.
a) suppose b) say · e) hazard a) concern b) 'm concerned e) 'm concerning
14 She _ _ _ _ to me to be happy with the situation. 29 Look at it this , we all stand to lose.
a) supposes b) seems e) says a) way b) direction e) how
1S l'd _ _ _ _ a guess that there are problems in the 30 From what 1 , there isn 't a better solution.
relationship.
a) do see b) can see e) should see
a) reckon b) wonder e) hazard

ll~ii;1JtJII /301
3.1 PLACES

VOCABULARY describing places h) dense, more traditionally lslamic downtown area

1 Underline the correct alternative. i) a day trip to Petra
lt was a very picturesque/bustling place to sit, outside the j) well-organised city
restaurant on the quiet banks of the river. k) many Roman ruins that sprinkle the city
2 The nightclub is in a rather unspoi/tlrun-down inner-city 1) everyone, whatever their tastes
are a.
m) mesmerising city carved into the rock at Wadi Musa
3 The streets were tranquil/bustling with people.
n) slick suburbs to the west, lined with cafés and art
4 We wandered around the beautiful , run-downlancient galleries
walled city trying to imagine what life must have been like
in those days.
S The beaches there are completely deserted /unspoilt by
tourism. lt's wonderful. Or take a trip to the s_ _ of Amman, Jordan,
where old meets new. Split between 9_ _ , and
6 The architecture was simply picturesquelmagnificent. lt
the 1o_ _ , Amman has something to offer
was designed to impress.
11 _ _ . Maybe you could take 12_ _ , the
7 The old mine now stands completely ancient/deserted. 13_ _ , or visit sorne of the 14_ _ .
Nobody has worked there for nearly fifty years.
8 We love the Tuscan countryside. lt's a beautifully tranqui/1
run-down place to be.

GRAMMAR noun phrases

2 Complete the brochure with the phrases in the boxes.

a) stunning landscape
b) before the main tourist season
e) the Aegean light reflecting off the blue and
whitewashed architecture
d) a series of cataclysmic volcanic eruptions
e) a two-week break
f) a thousand other eager tourists
g) spectacular sunsets the island is famous for

Easy trips
hy not visit Santorini, Greece, for 1_ e_
W now? Santorini's 2_ _ was sculpted by
3_ _ • Come and enjoy the 4_ _ . lt pays
to visit 5_ _ , when you can watch 6_ _
without having to battle with 7_ _ keen to
enjoy the scene.
LISTENING
3A 3.1 Listen to the guide to Paris. Which of the
topics in the box does the speaker mention?
terraced cafés the smell of bread theatre culture
busy restaurants cobbled streets clichés
designer handbags famous department stores
poodles the Eiffel Tower the Pompidou Centre
flea markets French wine velib bikes
B Listen again. Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?
1 The terraced cafés are an important part of the flavour
of París.
2 París does not have as much style as you would expect.
3 lt's a wonderfully romantic city to spend time in.
4 París is not at alllike you would expect from the clichés
you hear.
S lt's not worth visiting the classic sights like the Eiffel Tower
because there are too many tourists.
6 The real beauty of París is often hidden from the view of
the tourist.
7 lt's a good idea to hire a velib bike and cycle round the
streets of París, like a Parisian would .
8 There is a lot to do in París, but you shouldn 't try todo
too much . Take your time to enjoy the city.
WRITING a description of a place
4A Read the travel review and answer the questions.
1 Where is the writer describing?
2 What is the best way to get there?
3 What is a good time to visit the area? Why?
4 How does the writer describe the landscape?
S What kind of food does he mention?
6 What does the writer say about the atmosphere of the
place? What contributes to that atmosphere?
B Underline other examples of detailed descriptions,
particularly those involving the senses, that add colour to
the writing.
C Write a description of a place you have visited (200-
250 words). Use the text in Exercise 4A as a model and
include so me of the following:
• lntroduction 1 location
• How to get there
• Landscape 1 flora 1 fauna 1 atmosphere
• Food 1 drink 1 activities
• Description of a typical scene
• P'articular recommendations
~eu~~~:
A midsummer' s trip to
the Swedish island of Blido ~
he Stockholm archipelago consists of
over 24,000 islands and islets scattered
across the Baltic Sea. The nearest to the
shore are divided by causeways from the
mainland and possess all the amenities
of modem Sweden. Other islands are served by
free and efficient public ferries. The outer islands are
reachable only by prívate boat. The rule of thumb
is that the further out, the greater the isolation. First
plumbing, then electricity disappears until ~nally, out in
the Baltic Sea, tiny huts share a few metres of exposed
granite with just the wind and seals.
The archipelago is a place of beauty at any time, but
during Midsummer, it' s the place to be. On the way
out to the archipelago from Stockholm, the road winds
through the radiant green landscape of a fai,Ytale-
forests, timber houses, rye fields, fat cows . Wild flowers
nod in the hedgerows. Road signs warn of rogue moose.
In Norrtalje, the gateway town to the archipelago,
the supermarket is packed with trolleys the day before
Midsummer's Eve. The prescribed Midsummer foods of
strawberries, herring, new potatoes and sour cream are
flying off the shelves . A worker complains that they're
shifting a tonne of potatoes every hour. Heavily laden
cars leave the car park for the islands .
For my inaugural Midsummer Eve, 1' m heading to the
island of Blido. lt' s not remote - just two short ferry trips
to cross the bay - but the pace of life soon slows. The
air is luminously clear and, scoured by sea breezes, feels
like it' s rejuvenating the lungs. Roe deer skip out of the
path of bicycles on the roads. •
Adapted lrom Lonely Planet Magazine (May 2011)
 ---·~·~ Roo:m for a genius?
The English painter Francis Bacon may not have been the
greatest artist in history, but he was certainly the messiest.
His London studio is a bombed-out catastrophe of paint
brushes jutting out of jars and cans, mouldering champagne
boxes, books balanced precariously in irregular towers and
photos lying on every surface. After his death in 1992,
his entire studio - the walls, floorboards, boxes, drops
of paint, dust, everything - was transplanted to an art
gallery in Ireland. The studio itself had become a modernist
masterpiece, a perfect example of the relationship between
genius and chaos. Bacon once wrote that he couldn't paint
in tidy rooms. Few would argue with that. It took a team of
ten archaeologists and conservators three years to move and
reassemble the mess.
What types of work area do other creative geniuses need?
Should the room be a spare, minimalist shell to allow space
for the mind to wander? Or should it be cluttered with the
objects of everyday life to spark off ideas and inspiration? Is
big better than small? What of the light? Should the room be
bursting with sunbeams or so dark and cramped that it forces
the imagination to fly?
The French painter Henri Matisse worked in a famously opulent
studio. The high ceilings led the eye down to his paintings,
which were perfectly arranged on the walls, and the room
1•--·
contained elaborate tapestries, vases, sculptures, potted
plants, doves in a cage. His near-contemporary Pablo Picasso
had an altogether different style. His studio was packed full of
his own creations - little pots and clay figures, scribbles and
doodles, and all kinds of junk that he would later assemble into
masterpieces - lumps of iron, fragnients of glass, animal bones.
Another genius of Matisse's era, Albert Einstein, kept his office
full of books and paper. His desk was spectacularly cluttered
with no space for a typewriter or telephone. Behind his chair
was a simple blackboard with mathematical equations scrawled
in white chalk. Einstein once said, 'Atable, a chair, a bowl of
fruit and a violin; what else does a man need to be happy?'
The answer, judging by his office, is a pile of paper.
Ernest Hemingway's workspace in his Florida home was
relatively humble: a few bookshelves, large windows to let in
the light, and a tall desk made of dark wood. One thing looks
wrong; the chair is too small for the table. The reason for this
is that he didn't actually use the chair for working. For much
of his life, Hemingway wrote standing up (he ignored his own
first 'rule' for aspiring writers: 'apply the seat of the pants to
the seat of the chair'). Writing masterpieces while standing
up might sound strange, but maybe notas odd as the working
habits of Mark Twain, Marcel Proust and Woody Allen . All of
them wrote in bed.

READING B Circle the correct definition.

jutting (paragraph 1)
1A Read the article and match a) making bright colours b) sticking out
statements 1-14 with people a)-f). 2 precariously (paragraph 1)
1 His wor~space was large. a) beautifully b) likely to fall
2 His desk was technology-free. 3 spare (paragraph 2)
3 He ignored his own advice. a) full of objects b) basic, with nothing unnecessary

4 He worked in bed. 4 spark off (paragraph 2)

a) cause b) destroy something
S He had living creatures in his workspace.
S opulent (paragraph 3)
6 He worked with chaos around him.
a) with expensive decoration b) with a good smell
7 He made art out of things in his studio.
6 doodles (paragraph 3)
8 His workspace was not especially exciting. a) large, completed paintings b) unplanned drawings
9 His studio is on display. 7 scrawled (paragraph 4)
10 He displayed his work in his studio. a) written with great care b) written carelessly

11 There is something strange about the 8 humble (paragraph S)

furniture in his room. a) modest b) large

12 He had expensive things in his workspace.

13 He had a teaching tool in his workspace. VOCABULARY adjectives
14 His workspace was not dark.
2 Underline the correct alternative.
a) Francis Bacon lt was a dark, pokyljokey1gaudy room with a broken door and no windows.
b) Henri Matisse 2 This room is too gaudyl chilly/fiery for my taste. The colours are too bright.
e) Pablo Picasso 3 The house is really shady/roomylspacy. There's lots of space.
d) Albert Einstein 4 The town is very roomylwearyldreary. All the buildings are grey and
e) Ernest Hemingway there's nothing to do.
f) Woody Allen S This flat is nice and pokylbrightlyl airy with big windows.
6 Come and sit under this airylshadowy/shady tree and tal k tome.
7 lt's quite gaudylchillylairy in here. Can you close the window, please?
8 The weather's looking a bit roomy/shadylgloomy. 1think it's going to rain .
GRAMMAR relative clauses VOCABULARY PLUS prefixes
3 Choose the correct options to complete the text. 4 Complete the text with the prefixes in the box.
anti de im ir mal mis non
over post pre pro I:IA under

Hotel ====
••• Rehuilding New Orleans
crawler ··.. When Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans in August
2005, to say the city was 1.Jlll.prepared would be an
2_statement. The flood that followed the hurricane was
When Dutchman Vincent van Dijk 1_ _ _ as a
lifestyle trend watcher, moved to Amsterdam for his
completely 3_powering. Clubs, bars, restaurants and
job, he couldn't find a place to live. homes went under. Eighty percent of the city's buildings
He'd been staying in on offer, or letting him dine
were flooded.
hotels for several weeks, for free. He luxuriated in a But it wasn't just the weather that contributed to the
2_ _ _ he hit on a great €3,500-a-night room disaster; politics was involved. Many people, regardless
idea. Carrying nothing 7_ _ _ it took him ten
but the suitcase 3_ __ minutes to switch off all of whether they were 4_-government or
5_-government, thought the crisis in New Orleans was
all his possessions were the lights (he joked in his
contained, he decided to blog). Another room had 6_managed - the response from the federal authorities
stay in a different hotel an en suite bathroom seemed far too slow. A 7_-mortem on the city would
every night for a year and a___ would not be out
blog about his experiences. of place in a royal palace. have said 'completely devastated, but not entirely dueto
He realised that through his But he also stayed in cheap natural causes'.
blogging , each hotel dives, 9 _ _ _ were barely
Such was the damage that when the rebuildjng
4_ _ _ he was staying habitable. He carne across
hotels that smelt of fresh eventually started, the job looked like mission
could gain valuable 8_possible. Gradually, however, New Orleans got
publicity, so he began paint and cigarette smoke,
asking the managers if a room 10_ _ _ was no back on its feet. The residents returned to fix up the
he could stay for free in wider than a toilet, and
curtains covering crumbling
buildings. Several 9_-profit organisations contributed
exchange for a write-up
in his blog . Most of the walls. time and money, and sorne celebrities such as George
managers 5_ _ _ hotels Vincent van Dijk's idea Clooney and Steven Spielberg sent big cheques. Old
were struggling in the wake was an audacious project, neighbourhoods carne back to life and the 10_
of the financia! crisis, were but probably only do-able functioning city began to function again.
delighted with the idea. by someone 11 _ __
The hotels 6_ __ hotels are one of life's great Although many residents returned, the city is still
pleasures. Despite offers 11_populated, with about 70 percent of its 12 _
he wrote varied from
cheap hostels to five- from hotels in London , -Katrina population living there. What has returned,
star luxury spots. Sorne Paris and Rio, van Dijk
stayed put in Holland though, is the city's vibrancy. The musicians are back on
hotel managers treated
him like a king, greeting 12 _ _ _ he plans to write the streets, several movies and TV shows are being filmed
him personally on arrival, a book about Amsterdam 's there and sorne famous local hangouts like The Cat's
preparing the finest suite accommodation .
Meow and Bourbon Street Blues have reopened.
Local entrepreneur Davide Marchionise says, The damage
1 a) , who works b) who works e) that works was terrible, but not 13_reversible. Look around the
2 a) was when b) at which point e) which point city. It's still the biggest party in the country:
3 a) which in b) which e) in which
4 a) that b) where e) which
S a) whom b) whose e), whose
6 a) , about which b) that e) about which
7 a) in which b) which e) in where
8 a) that b) at which e) , that
9 a) which sorne b) sorne which e) sorne of which
10 a) that b) where there e) in which it
11 a) who b) forwhom e) for which
12 a) where b), where e) on which

11
 VOCABULARY city life FUNCTION making a proposal
1 Complete the crossword. 2A Read the proposal and identify one word in each
sentence that needs to be corrected. Change ten words in
total to improve the speech.

Proposal for a cultural centre

To start with, I'm going to talk brief about the
beginnings of the project. ]ust to give a bit of backing
information, we first discussed the idea of a Cultural
Centre two years ago. The ambition of the project is
to create a space for people to see art, listen to music
and watch fllms together. So the maín desire of our
proposal is to provide a community resource. The
long-term blessings include bringing the community
together and promoting the arts .
What we arrange to do is work with local companies
to involve them in al! areas of the project - design,
construction, maíntenance and services. While cost is a
major issue, our resolution is to ask local government
for grant money. In the first instant, tlús would mean
putting together our budget plan and after that, we
would write a grant application.
To close up, we feel tlús is a very worthwlúle project
for our community. Are there any questions or things
that need clearing?

B ® 3.2 Listen and check.

LEARNTO suggest modifications

3 Put B's words in the corred order to make responses.
A: They want to do this and we want to do that.
B: our 1 about 1 we 1 How 1 ideas 1 combine 1 if 1 ?
Across
3 when buildings are left to fall apart, with no one living 2 A: So, as 1 see it, we have a dilemma.
in or using them B: at 1 it 1 look 1 way 1 another 1 Let's
4 basic things that we need, e.g. running water and
electricity
3 A: Those are our two options. Does anyone have any
7 the interna! systems of a country1city, e.g. roads and other ideas?
railways
B: compromise 1 l'd 1 propose 1 to 1 a 1 like
8 fees charged for using certain roads or bridges
Down 4 A: The project is going to be very expensive.
see 6
B: can 1 there 1 any 1 costs 1 reduce 1 way 1 the 1 ls 1
2 see S we 1?
S, 2 when the roads are blocked with too many cars (two
words)
S A: lt's going to be difficult to finish on time.
6, 1 the rebuilding and modernisation of parts of a city
B: regarding 1 any 1 there 1 schedule 1 leeway 1 ls 1 the
(two words)

6 A: So, to summarise, this is a tricky problem.

B: with 1 try 1 Let's 1 solution 1 to 1 up 1 a 1 come

fl
4.1 JUSTICE

VOCABULARY crime collocations 3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

hard appear appreciate wonder pointless help

1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
fault amazes
alibi appeal arrest convictions evidence
innocence justice release lt's _ _ _ _ to know if we've done the right thing
or not.
The perpetrators of this horrific crime must be brought 2 Don 't blame Sam. lt's not his _ _ _ _ if he can 't sing.
to _ _ __
3 1 can't it if l'm lucky.
2 A group of high profile human rights activists were being
4 ltwould that the attacker escaped through the
held under last night.
back door.
3 Three businessmen facing a life sentence for fraud protest
their _ _ __ S lt always me how beautiful the sky is at this
time of year.
4 You won 't be considered for early from
6 lt's no you can't see- you 've got the wrong
prison until you have a suitable address.
glasses on!
S The Office of Fair Trading has agreed to reopen the
7 lt's trying to contact him now- he won 't have
inquiry in order to consider fresh of anti-
his phone switched on.
competitive behaviour by the rival company.
8 l'd it if you didn't tell anyone about this
6 There are some companies that will , for a moderate fee ,
conversation.
fake evidence to provide yo u with a perfect _ _ __
7 The family have made an against the decision, 4 Rewrite the sentences using the prompts and your
which they claim is unjust. own words so that the second sentence has a similar
8 The government has decided that in some cases, the jury meaning to the first.
may be made aware of a defendant's previous _ _ __ 1 The station is a long way from here.
or charges. lt's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ from here.

GRAMMAR introductory it 2 We bump into each other amazingly often.

2 Add it/it's to the conversations where necessary.
A: You seem on edge . ls there something bothering you?
B: No, nothing really. Just that l'm worried about my
interview tomorrow.
2 A: Do you have the time on you?
B: Yes, about nine forty.
3 A: Are you having trouble with that?
B: Yes, 1find really hard to close the safe once l've
opened it.
lt's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ each other.
3 1think we're too late.
lt seems _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
late.
4 Somebody suggested that they reopen the inquiry.
lt was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ be
reopened .
S lt was hard for me to believe he gave me his autograph .
1 couldn't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

4 A: Have you tried Javier's number? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ his autograph.

B: Pointless calling him now. Too late . 6 People letting me down is something 1don't like.
S A: ls there anything else you need me to do? 1 hate _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ me

B: Yes, l'd really appreciate if you could lock up when down.

you go. 7 1 think he deserves to be told the truth.

6 A: l'm absolutely exhausted. We owe _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to tell him the

B: No wonder you 're ti red. You hardly slept last night. truth.
7 A: Have you had a chance to visit Loch Lomond? 8 l'm not sure if we've done the right thing.
B: No, but l've heard that a wonderful place for walking lt's hard if we've done the right
holidays. thing.
8 A: Have you thought about which restaurant would be 9 Getting on with people is not difficult for me.
best for the meeting? 1find _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - -
B: No, l'llleave to you to decide which one is most _ _ _ _ with people.
suitable. O 1think XQ.Y should decide what the best way to deal with
1
this is.
l'llleave _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
_ _ _ _ the best way to deal with this.
 VOCABULARY PLUS lexical chunks LISTENING
S Complete the text with the lexical chunks in the box. You don't 6A ® 4.1 Listen to the story of Henry
need to use all the phrases. Roberts. Complete the summary notes.

at that time miscarriage of justice Henry Roberts was convicted of a

a surprising number of people unjustly accused crime he . He spent
protested his innocence the true story of ______ in jail. The man
rough justice demanded justice crime committed who was actually guilty of the crime
later ______

FEATURE NEWS B Listen again and circle the correct

answers.
Wrongly convicted What crime was Henry Roberts accused of?
Cinema laves a miscarriage of justice story. Whether pu rely a) theft
fictional or based on genuine events, the innocent man who is b) murder
1 appeals to 2 , creating some of the best e) fraud
known cinematic classics, such as Alfred Hitchcock's The Wrong 2 When did the mu rder take place?
Man or Ji m Sheridan's ground- t;>reaking In the Name of the Father. a) five years ago
b) more than ten years ago
e) more than twenty years ago
3 How long was Roberts sent to prison fo r?
a) five years
b) fifteen years
e) fifty years
4 What was the relationship between the
man who died and Henry Roberts?
a) He was his nephew.
b) He was his uncle.
e) He was his friend .
S W as Henry Roberts shot during the
Although Hitchcock generally preferred to work with fictional incident?
stories, The Wrong Man was inspired by 3 Christopher a) Yes, he was.
Emmanuel Balestrero, whose lite fell apart after he.was wrongly b) No, he wasn 't.
sentenced to lite imprisonment for armed robbery, although he e) We don't know.
strongly 4 throughout. 6 What happened to the murder weapon?
a) lt was left at the scene.
b) lt was never found .
e) lt was thrown into a river.
7 Why were the statements taken from
Henry Roberts unreliable?
a) He was under medication when he
made them.
b) He was a habitual liar.
e) Nobody witnessed the shooting.
8 What evidence did the police fail to follow
up on?
a) DNA evidence
b) an anonymous phone call
In the Name of the Father is arguably one of the most high-impact
5 e) eye-witness statements
stories ever. Based on the book Proved lnnocent,
the film tells the story of the Guildford Four- tour yciung men
who were wrongly imprisoned for the 1974 bombing of two pubs
in Guildford and Woolwich, in the UK. During their sentence, the
men endured 6 within the prison system. They later
7 for the way they had been treated and for their
years of false imprisonment, thus exposing the judicial and police
malpractice which they had encountered 8_ _ _ __

11
GRAMMAR the perfect aspect VOCABULARY social issues
1 Match 1-8, a)-h) and i)-viii) to make 3A Match the quotations with the issues in the box.
complete sentences.
child labour economic development intellectual property
1 l've been 5 When 1 saw her,
capital punishment environmental awareness illegal immigration
2 None of us 6 Wewill civilliberties free trade freedom of speech gun control

3 That girl 7 The house

1 You can cage the singer but not the song. (Harry Belafonte)
4 1 felt happy 8 They'l l have 2 No man is above the law and no man is below it. (Theodore Roosevelt)
3 To take a life when a life has been lost is revenge, not justice.
a) hasn't spoken e) she'd been (Desmond Tutu)
b) because l'd f) seems to have 4 1 did something that challenged the banking world. Conventional
banks look for the rich; we look for the absolutely poor. All people
e) been working here g) had ever heard are entrepreneurs, but many don 't have the opportunity to find that
d) living in the h) probably have out. (Muhammad Yunus)
5 There's no copyright on ideas. They fly on the wind. (Mari lisa Jauregui)
i) to her mother for v) been to Asia this 6 Why do we have to pay the price of poverty? We didn't create
over ten years. time next year. poverty; adults did. (Sultana, 12, Bangladesh)
7 For target shooting, that's OK. Get a license and go to the range.
ii) running and was out vi) for six years
For defence of the home, that's why we ha ve police departments.
of breath. in May.
(James Brady)
iii) got smaller since 1 vii) of that actor before
8 Most of the US's problems stem from the fact that the Native
moved out of it! we saw the film.
Americans didn't have very good border controls five hundred years
iv) same flat since viii) just passed my exam. ago. (Nikola Hertosch)
1 was eighteen. 9 The more we exploit nature, the more our options are reduced until
we have only one: to fight for survival. (Morris K. Udall)
2 Complete the sentences with the correct 1O The most important single central fact about a free market is that no
perfect form of the verbs in brackets. exchange takes place unless both parties benefit. (Milton Friedman)
1 When they found Chris, he said he
_ _ _ _ _ (live) on the streets for years. B 4.2 Listen to the answers and mark the stress in each phrase.
2 (not finish) the project by C Listen again and repeat. Focus on the correct stress.
Monday. 1 still have to do all the research.
3 Congratulations! lt must be great
_ _ _ _ _ (win) two major prizes in
WRITING problem/solution essay; parallelism
two years! 4A Read the introductions from three essays about social
4 Sorry about the delay. _ __ _ _ (wait) problems. How can parallelism improve each paragraph? Rewrite
long? the sentences that need editing using parallelism. The first one has
5 Before he died he told us he _ _ _ __ been done for you.
(bury) the money in the garden. 1 Throughout the world, over 150 mili ion children aged 5-14 work
6 Junko, the garage is a mess! _ _ _ __ regularly. Many find themselves in dangerous conditions. These
(play) with the children in there? include working in places with no san itation, working in mines, being-
7 We asked the neighbours, but they seem employed to vvo1 k working with unsafe machinery or l121vi11g 21job
_ _ _ _ _ (not notice) anything strange. working in a heavily polluted atmosphere.
8 1 hear you're looking for a job. Who 2 1he itdertlet does mat\y wondertu.l tl,itlSS - it brtt\SS Feofle
_ _ _ _ _ (speak to) so far? c.loser together-, it F"omotes t\ew torms ot CYeativity,
9 By 2020, Martha (work) for the etlfet-faÍtlmet\f is fi'OYidecJ olt fhe mfet-t\ef atld fhe mfertlef allows
same company for fifty years. u.s to ac.cess mtormation. qu.ic.k~. ?he tl,ms it does t\ot do well
1

1O ls Werner OK? He _ _ _ _ _ (hide) in his
room all evening.
11 Seeing Liz after twenty years, 1realised she
_ _ _ _ _ (not change) at all.
12 Jane looked at me suspiciously. -----,-----
( discover) my secret?
is fl'oted F=fle 5 ris),ts to tl,eú- mtelledu.al fl'orerty.
3 The.. wov-1 d. 's mas+ ind.ustri¡¡l iSe..d. c..ountrie..S ¡¡v-e.. usin') up he..
plllne..+ 's v-e..50uv-c..e5. We. d.v-ive.. too mv.n'j ~S-')\J221 in') c..c.Y'S ,
v-e..c..'jC-Ie.. too li#le.., t ind. thá we.. ¡¡v-e.. pv-od.uc_in') too rnUC-h
wo.s+e.. tv-orn p¡¡c.k')in') ¡¡nd. too rnuC-h ot ouv- toad. is th
llWll'j. 5ome.. Simple.. hllbi+s c..c.n C-hlln')f.. ouv- 1¡.fe..5~le..5 TCv-
be..#e..v- llnd. c..c.n ¡¡ISO he..l p +o Sil ve.. the.. e..nviv-onrne..n .

B Complete one of the essays a bove (250 words).

READING
SA What is the connection between the man and the flag? Read to find out.

l o nJune
The unknown hero
24th, 1859, thirty-
one-year-old Henri Dunant,
from Switzerland, travelled
to Solferino, northern Italy, intending
to discuss his failing business interests
with Napoleon III. Instead of tea and
cakes with the Emperor, he got the
shock ofhis life. Dunant arrived just in
time to see the aftermath of the Battle
of Solferino, a nine-hour bloodbath
that left tens of thousands dead and
wounded, strewn across 15 kilometres
of Italian countryside; he would later 3
describe the scene as 'chaotic disorder,
despair unspeakable and misery of
every kind'. The French army had
fewer doctors than vets - horses were
more valuable in war than men - so,
abandoning his plans to meet Napoleon,
Dunant set about mobilising local
people to help care for the wounded.
At his insistence, the volunteers did not
discriminare according to the colour of
the soldiers' uniforms; medica! care was 4
given to all. From this principie arose
the organisation that Dunant helped to
found four years later - the International
Committee of the Red Cross.
2 Dunant ~as an unlikely hero. Born in
Geneva, he was a poor student who 5 If his organisation is a giant force for
~em on ro become an even worse good, Henri Dunam hirnself is barely
businessman. Even during the early days of remembered. A small museum in Heiden
the Red Cross, he had ro resign from the remains infrequently visired (che people of
comminee. His businesses were collapsing Heiden didn't like him much - he refused ro
al! around him and the authorities had speak German) and his name is not universally
ordered his arrest. He fled Geneva, never known. Befo re he died at the age of eighry-
ro return. In the next rwenty years, he went rwo, he stared that he wished to be buried
from coumry ro country, part-fugitive, in Zurich wirhour a ceremony. But fate had
part-businessman, part-rnouthpiece for the the last laugh. In 1944, in the same Heiden
Red Cross. He once faimed while giving a hospital where Dunant had died thirry-four
speech in Plymouth, UK. Apparently, he years previously, a baby was born. That baby
hadn't eaten for days. was Jakob Kellenberger, who, in 1998, became
presidem of the Internacional Comminee of
He evemually rerurned ro Switzerland and
the Red Cross.
settled in a srnall rown called Heiden. Six
years larer, he became the flrst recipient of
the Nobel Peace Prize. The citation for the
award said, 'Without you, the Red Cross,
the supreme humanitarian achievernem of
the nineteenth cemury, would probably
have never been undertaken' . He asked
that the prize money be adrninistered
from Norway so that non e of his creditors
could get their hands on it.
Today, the Internacional Red Cross and Red
Crescem Movement has almost 100 million
members, who operare all over the world.
Its emblem, the inverse of Swirzerland's
national flag, is an internacional symbol of
hurnanirarian grace.

B Read the text again. One sentence has been removed from each D Find words in the text to match
paragraph. Add sentences 1-5 to the correct place in the paragraphs. definitions 1-8.
1 The re was little organised medica! care. the period of time after something
2 Time and again he found himself fleeing his debts. (e.g. war, storm) when peo ple are still
dealing with the results. (paragraph 1)
3 He withd rew from the wo rld, but all this changed in 189S when an article
was w ritten about the lnternatio nal Committee of the Red Cross. 2 the violent killing of many people at one
time (parag raph 1)
4 Fro m Dunant 's early solo efforts, the o rganisatio n has grown steadily
over the last ISO years. 3 injured by a weapon such as a gun or a
knife (parag raph 1)
S His wish was granted.
4 scatt ered o r thrown aro und a large area
C Are the statements about the text true (T) or false (F)? (parag raph 1)
Dunant took part in the Battle of So lfe rino. S someone who receives something
2 Dunant discussed business with Napo leon 111. (paragraph 3)
3 Dunant served on the committee of the Red Cross. 6 people, banks or companies that you owe
money to (paragraph 3)
4 Dunant lived in many countries because he wanted his o rganisation to
grow. 7 a picture, shape or object that is used to
represent a country o r organisation
S Dunant was well known until 189S .
(paragraph 4)
6 The emblem of the Red Cross is the same as Switzerland 's natio nal flag.
8 the complete o pposite of something
7 Dunant did not want to be buried in Heiden or Geneva. (paragraph 4)
8 In the hospital where Dunant died , a future president of the Red Cross
was bo rn .
VOCABULARY decisions 3A Read the hypothetical situation below and think
about what you would do.
1 Write one word in each gap to complete the letter and
You are in a hurryto catch a plañe home after a
the Agony Aunt's response.
long trip. You stop briefly to buy a present for your
partner. While you are in the shop, you see someone
shoplifting. If you report the theft, you will probably
miss your p lane. What do you do?

Dear Suki,
B 4.3 listen toa man and woman discussing the
I'rn '- - a tric.k~ predic.arnerrt. Four rnorrlhs situation. Who says the sentences below, the man (M) or
ago a f'riend was f'ired f'rorn the c.ornpan~ the woman (W)? Three of the sentences are not used.
where we both worked. He i& now doing
lf 1 ever found myself in this situation, l'd probably just
c.on&Uiting work f'or a rival c.ornpan~ and 1 ,
1
ignore it.
think he ha& started giving awa~ our c.ornpan~ &
rec.rets. I'rn now 2.___ with a dilernrna. Do 2 lf it was up to me, l'd turn the shoplifter in to the police.
1 c.onf'ront hirn about this and ri&k losing our 3 Given the choice, l'd just ignore it.
f'riend&hip or, &hould 1 &a~ nothing '? I'rn also 4 No way would 1ignore it.
t~ing to 3_ _ up the pros and c.ons of' S l'd just as soon tell the shopkeeper.
telling rn~ bos&, but 1 c.an't dec.ide. 1 h.:r..e to
6 Without a shadow of a doubt l'd tell someone.
't into c.ons,ideration the f'ad that 1
f,.:r..e no proof' again&t rn~ f'riend. 7 My preference would be just to alert someone to what's
going on.
Mel
8 Far better to miss your plane.
9 This would be by far the best option.
t:>ecw Mel,
1O l'd sooner do that than let the shoplifter get away with it.
you. 111-eeol to t~ssess 5 _ _ _ s~tu.t~t~o111- fr-oV~-~-
ol~ffer-elll-t v~ewpo~111-ts . ls l::jOu.r- fr-~e~~~-ol br-et~R-~111-g
tl1e Lt~w? M~g11t l::jOU.r- boss t~Lr-e&~ol¡j R-111-ow wl1t~t LEARNTO add emphasis
11e's olo~111-g ? H-ow V~-~-u.cl1 secr-et ~ ~~~-for-V~-~-t~t~o~~~-
oloes 11e 11t~ve? Bet~r- ~~~~- 6 _ _ _ tl1e ft~ct tl1&~t 4A Circle the corred option to complete the
coV~-~-pt~111-~es 11t~ve few r-et~L secr-ets tl1ese ol&~!::js .
conversations.
SV~-~-plo!::jees te111-ol to V~-~-ove " Lot betwee~~~-
coV~-~-pt~ ~~~-~es "111-ol t&~ R.e soV~-~-e ~~~~-s~ole R-111-owleo!ge A: Smoking should be banned.
w~tl1 tl1eV~-~- . so, befor-e l::jOU. olo &1111-!::jt11~~~~-g, t11~~~~-R. B: 1___ agree.
r _ __ t11r-ou.gl1 ct~r-efu.LL!::j . w~t11ou.t pr-oof, ~s a) incredibly b) completely e) am
tl1er-e &1111-!::j po~111-t ~~~~- tt~LR.~~~~-g to l::jOu.r- boss t~bou.t
~t? Also co~~~-síoler- tl1e be111-e~ts &~111-ol S?_ _ _ of
2 A: 1think you should resign.
C0111-ft-o111-t~111-g !::jOU.t' fr-~e111-ol . W11t~t w~ll 11e S&l!::j? B: That's out of the ___ .
H-e'LL e~t11er- t~o!V~-~-~t ~t, ~~~~- wl1~cl1 ct~se l::jOU.r- a) possibility b) order e) question
fr-~e~~~-olsl1 ~p ~s ove~-; or- 11e'LL ole111-l::j ~t, ~~~~- wl1~cl1
3 A: Why are you leaving?
ct~se !::jOu.r- fr-~e~~~-olsl1~p ~s st~LL over.
Su.R,~, Ago111-l::j Au.111-t B: The ___ is, l'm too old for this job.
a) fact b) way e) certainty
4 A: Will you buy me that laptop?
B: No _ _ .

FUNCTION expressing hypothetical a) possibility b) chance e) chances

preferences S A: Why aren't you coming?
B: The ___ is, l've had enough of parties.
2 Cross out the extra word in seven of the sentences.
a) thought b) idea e) thing
Without a shadow but of a doubt, l'd choose Johnny.
6 A: Can 1borrow your motorbike?
2 My preference would be to have a female president.
B: Not ___ your life.
3 lf it was for up to me, l'd never do that.
a) on b) by e) for
4 No right way would 1do that.
7 A: 1think mobile phones are a good learning tool.
S l'd justas soon stay at home as travel.
B: You're ___ right.
6 Far the better to be a living coward than a brave corpse.
a) really b) incredibly e) absolutely
7 Given to the choice, l'd prefer to go by plane than train.
8 l'd sooner to live here than there. B 4.4 Listen and check.
9 This would be by very far the best option. C listen again and repeat B's sentences. Pay attention to
1O lf 1ever found myself in this situation, 1wouldn 't panic. the intonation.

ti
GRAMMAR noun phrases GRAMMAR relative clauses

1 Add details to the sentences by using the information in 3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a
brackets to make noun phrases. Pay attention to word order. similar meaning to the first. Use the prompts and
1 Bones have been found . (in a cave/apile of/in Ethiopia/ your own words.
prehistoric) 1 She's written two books, but 1haven't read either
A pi/e o[ prehistoric bones hove been [ound in a cave in Ethiopia. of them.
2 lt was a necklace. (that he'd given her/diamond/ IS-carat/with NEITHER.
a gold chain) She's written two books, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 lf your meeting is cancelled, you can come to lunch
3 We moved to the town. (where we'd met/small/border/for with me.
the first time) CASE
Your meeting may be cancelled, in _ _ _ _ __
4 They bought her a car. (worth t:SO,OOO/sports/brand new/
red) 3 1spoke to six people and not one had heard of
Justin Bieber.
S He gota tattoo. (multicoloured/on his arm/of his daughter/ NONE
large) 1 spoke to six people, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 We should be grateful for the fact that no one was
6 Jodie bought a cat. (grey/with a white mark on its face/tiny/ hurt in the accident.
Siamese) WHICH
No one was hurt in the accident, _ _ _ _ _ __
7 She married a teacher. (from Jordan/Science/ charming/but
based in France) S When he got out of the car, 1 realised he was
famous.
8 Let's meet in the restaurant. (on the corner/ltalian/same/ POINT
where we ate mussels) He got out of the car, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 The majority of the SO,OOO people at the concert
had been fans in the 60s.
MOST
VOCABULARY review
There were SO,OOO people at the concert, _ __
2 In each description 1-4 the three underlined words are
jumbled up. Swap them round so they are in the right place. 7 That man's books inspired meto become an
anthropologist.
1 The 1congestion was just terrible. The transport system
is especially bad so everyone drives everywhere. BOOKS
which leads to a lot of traffic 2dreary. The downtown He's the writer _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
area is quite 3 infrastructure, too - just tall, grey office 8 This is the hotel where that actor died .
blocks.
IN
2 The landscape was very 4 deserted- snow-capped This is the hotel _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
mountains and little streams. Despite its fame, the place
is completely 5picturesque and untouched by the 9 We arrived at the airport at 6.00, but our plane had
tourist industry. In fact, it was 6 unspoilt we didn't see already left.
anyone else for over an hour. WHICH
We arrived at the airport at 6.00, by _ _ _ __
3 We arrived in a very 7 airy area full of boarded-up
buildings and dogs roaming the streets. Our hotel was
very 8 run-down from the outside- barely lit, walls dark 1O My parents love dancing so they're going to do a
with dirt. But at least the rooms were 9 gloomy, with tango course.
large, high windows and a view of the city. BOTH
4 our hotel was close toa 10ancient market. It was great My parents, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
to wander around. though it got a bit 11 bustling in the
evenings. The other nice thing is that the area is full of
12chilly buildings, sorne dating from the fifteenth century.
 REVIEW ANO~- CHECK 2: UNITS 3-4

VOCABULARY PLUS prefixes VOCABULARY review 2

4 Complete B's responses with the words in the box plus 6 Join words in A and B to complete the sentences.
the correct prefix.

attl active behaves cooked criminalised historie freedom

moral nourished populated replaceable social early
under
A: That house is so ugly.
B: Yes, it is rather unattractive
2 A: We'll never find another leader like Sami.
B: Yes, he's absolutely _ _ _ __
3 A: That child is completely out of control.
B: 1know. His parents do nothing when he
1 By copying my essay, they stole my _ __ __

4 A: Lola hates talking to people. 2 You cannot silence someone if your country has
B: 1know. She's very _ _ _ __
3 1had for burglary and theft, but 1was innocent.
5 A: What that banker did was very unethical.
4 The lawyer brought in that proved she was
B: 1agree. 1thought it was completely _ _ _ __
guilty.
6 A: The city has far too many people.
5 For that kind of erime, 1think _ _ _ _ _ is suitable.
B: Yes, l'd heard it was _ _ __ _
6 We need stricter _ _ _ _ _ laws to prevent criminals
7 A: Many will starve because of the disaster. from buying weapons.
B: Over thirty percent of the children there are already 7 You are for the murder of Bill Hobbs!
8 His lawyer negotiated his from prison .
8 A: The meat tasted almost raw.
9 With the increase in pollution, _ _ _ _ _ becomes
B: Yes, 1thought it was a bit _ _ _ __ even more important.
9 A: lt's not illegal any more. 1O Boys and girls as young as five are involved in _ _ _ __
B: Yes, 1heard it had been _ _ _ __ 11 Even if you clase the border, it won 't stop _ _ _ __
1O A: These paintings were done befo re recorded time. 12 The of poor countries will be helped by
B: So you 're saying they 're _ _ _ __ this trade agreement.

FUNCTION making a proposal

S Read the proposal. Sorne lines have an extra word.
Tick the correct lines and write the extra words.
Just to give over sorne background information, the proposal is based on the Dutch 1 _QYg[_

town of Groningen, which has the highest percentage of bicycle use in Europe. 2 _./_
To start with, l'm going to talk to briefly about the benefits of a 'cycling' city. 3
The strong aim of the project is to reduce the number of cars in the city centre. 4
The main and objective of our proposal is to improve the environment while also 5
providing economic and health boosts for the population. 6
What we are plan to do is create a car-free city centre . 7
We're going to build walkways, cycle lanes and a bus lane. 8
This solution will help us make the city a very better place to live. 9
In the first of instance, this would mean digging up the main roads. 10
The long-term of benefits include healthier lifestyles for citizens, 11
less pollution and an end to traffic congestion . 12
So, basically, what we're for proposing is to completely change our town. 13
ls there anything that needs the clarification? 14
REVIEW AND CHECK 2: t:J¿~I:rS 3-4
GRAMMAR introductory it
7 Complete the text with the phrases in
the box.
find it impossible it always amazes
it appears that it's believed that the
it's no it's pointless it will be easier
love it make it clear it makes
_ _ _ _ _ thieves don't like pink.
Reacting to a recent increase in petty theft
from gardens, police are advising people to
paint their garden tools pink. 2_ _ _ __
'Paint it Pink' project will be successful for
two reasons: firstly, 3 to
identify the stolen goods and secondly,
4 the re-selling of the stolen
items more difficult because few buyers want
pink tools. As everyone knows,
S trying to retrieve, say, a black
metal spade. There are millions of them. But
a pink one is different.
Gardener Rod Hampson says,
•6 me when people leave their
tools lying around in the garden.
7 wonder crime is rising.
Thieves 8 when they can just
jump over a fence and grab something. But
they'd 9 to sell a bright pink
tool.'
The poli ce want to 10 that
people should also use padlocks and sheds,
but that 'Paint it Pink' is an additional
measure. •
VOCABULARY PLUS lexical
chunks
8A Mat~h 1-5 with a)-e) to make
complete sentences.
1 Oisgraced politician Mary Klein escaped
2 He decided to take the law into
3 Children practise rough
4 When it comes to catching the bad guys,
it's up
S lt was the sheriff's job to uphold
a) justice by fleeing the country.
b) to the police to get the job done.
e) justice on each other every da y of the
week.
d) justice, but he was past retirement age.
e) his own hands when he realised he had
no choice.
B Underline the lexical chunks in a)-e).
The first one has been done for you.
GRAMMAR the perfect aspect
9 Underline the correct alternatives.
A valuable collection of film posters 1has been discovered 1 had been
discovered in the walls of a Victorian home. Last week, just days after Joseph
Winkleman 2has bought 1 had bought the house, a storm hit and rain poured
through the roof, damaging the walls. Winkleman 3 has been planning 1 had
been planning to reconstruct the walls, but the storm meant he started
immediately. As workers tore down the plaster, they found thousands of old
film posters. Previously, the house 4 had been belonging 1 had belonged to the
son of a man who had been the manager of a local cinema during the 1920s
and 30s and was thought Sto have been 1 to had been wealthy. lt turns out
that for twenty years, the cinema manager 6had brought 1 had been bringing
the posters home and using them as insulation for the walls. So far, the
posters 7will have been 1 have been valued at $280,000 but the renovation
work still isn't finished and there may be more treasures. Winkleman, an
ex-boxer who 8will have worked 1 has been working as a counsellor since
2001, said he was amazed 9to have been coming across 1 to have come across
such treasure. ' 101'd never imagined 1 /'d never been imagining anything like this
could happen. Next Monday, 11 /'ve been living 1 /'I/ have been living he re two
weeks and 12/'// have 'earned' 1 /'d 'earned' 20,000 dollars' worth of antique
posters per day. '
FUNCTION expressing hypothetical preferences
1 O Read about a dilemma in a film. Then write one word in each gap to
complete the conversation.
~~ Tfl.~.~Q~ ............... ....... ................... .
Screen 1 2p.m., 6p.m., 8.30p.m.
A character is presented with a dilemma: if she pushes a button,
she will receive a payment of $1 ,000,000, but somewhere in the
world someone who she doesn't know w ill die.
Rod: lt's an interesting idea, but 1 way would 1sacrifice a
human life just for money. Without a shadow of a 2_ _ _ __
l'd refuse to push the button.
Ulrich: 1sort of agree, but there might be exceptional circumstances. For
example, if the million dollars could pay for an operation to save
a child 's life and it was, say, a very sick hundred-year-old who was
going to die . . . Obviously, 3 the choice, l'd rather not
be the person pushing the button, but . . .
Rod: No, whatever the circumstances, far better 4_ _ _ _ _ let fate
decide.
Ulrich: Well yes, my preference S be to leave it to fate, but if
1ever found 6 in this situation, l'd ha veto think hard
about it.
Rod: So what would you have done if it was you in the film?
Ulrich: lf it was 7 to me, l'd have asked for more information
about the circumstances of the person's death!
Rod: 1 don 't think that was part of the deal!
Ulrich: 1 know. What about you?
Rod: l'd just say a straight 'no' and walk away. That would be
8 far the best option.
 TEST 2: UNITS 3-4

TEST
Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. 16 The accused man _ _ _ _ his innocence, but he
Dad likes noisy towns, but 1 prefer places was convicted.
where you can relax in peace. a) protested b) said e) fought
a) bustling b) ancient e) tranqui l 17 She made _ _ _ _ against her conviction, so there
2 We shouted, but no one replied; the place was was another tri al.
completely _ _ __
a) a complaint b) a protest e) an appeal
a) unspoilt b) deserted e) picturesque 18 1try not to scratch the itch, but 1
3 We lived in a _ _ _ _ village.
a) have it done b) made it e) can't help it
a) little busy fishing b) fishing busy little 19 lf you could help us, we'd
e) busy little fishing
a) appreciate it b) appreciate
4 Mel brought a _ _ _ _ cake to my party.
e) appreciate for it
a) homemade chocolate delicious 20 that a cleaner has won a lottery worth
b) delicious chocolate homemade $45,000,000.
e) delicious homemade chocolate
a) lt seems reported b) lt's been reported
5 She arrived with her John, who we'd e) There's been reported
heard so much about.
21 We need to bring criminals like him _ _ __
a) handsome ex-policeman boyfriend immediately.
b) handsome boyfriend ex-policeman
a) for justice b) to justice e) justice
e) ex-policeman handsome boyfriend
22 Thousands hit the streets justice for the
6 My first apartment was a little place with
accused .
bad lighting and no space.
a) appealing b) protesting e) demanding
a) gaudy b) roomy e) poky
23 You look exhausted. _ _ _ _ all night?
7 This courtyard is nice and . lt'll keep us
out of the sun for a while. a) Had you been working
b) Have you worked
a) dreary b) shady e) ancient
e) Have you been working
8 1 read the list of prize winners, some
24 l'm fed up! By 5.00 1'11 _ _ _ _ in this office for six
names seemed familiar.
hours!
a) of whom b) of which e) of whose
a) wait b) have been waiting
9 That's the CD _ _ _ _ my brother played bass e) have waited
guitar.
25 The missing person seems contacted
a) that b) on whom e) on which anyone for several days.
1O They called my name at 4.00, _ _ _ _ l'd fallen a) to not have b) that he hasn't e) not to have
asleep.
26 Will this law affect our liberties?
a) by which time b) at that time e) by that time
a) civil b) civilian e) human
1 1 They beat us by playing well and because we'd
_ _ _ _ them . 27 between our countries will benefit
everybody.
a) overestimated b) underestimated e) estimated
a) Trade free b) Free economics e) Free trade
12 lt was all a terrible _ _ __
28 Without a shadow of , this is the best
a) misunderstanding b) non-understanding thing todo.
e) mal-understanding
a) the doubt b) a doubt e) thought
13 1'11 start by a bit of background
29 lf it was up _ _ _ _ me, l'd go to Hamburg.
information about the idea.
a) to b) for e) by
a) telling b) giving e) making
30 That idea is of the question. lt's too
14 The benefit is that, in fifty years, our
expensive.
company will still be here .
a) not b) off e) out
a) highest b) short-term e) long-term
15 W e managed to _ _ _ _ a so lution to the pollution
problem.
a) come up to b) think up with ··~ii9~11l•• /30 1
e) com~ up with
5.1 SECRETS

VOCABULARY idioms: secrets READING

1A Complete the conversations. 4A Read the text opposite and answer
A: Come on! Tell us what happened when you arrived . the questions.
B: Yes, go on. Spill the _ _ __ 1 Where did the writer find the letters?
2 A: Oh dear. That was close. 1 nearly gave the game _ _ __ a) in the eorner of the kitehen

B: Really? What did you say? b) in the eorner of an old dresser

3 A: 1think 1might have let it _ _ _ _ that we're planning a party. e) under a door in the kitehen

B: Davide! That's supposed to be a seeret. 2 Why were the early months in Franee
diffieult?
4 A: Can 1tell you something about the management eommittee?
a) She eouldn 't speak the language.
B: Sure. 1 promise 1'11 sehtum if anyone asks me.
b) She was living in the middle of nowhere.
S A: They are so seeretive.
e) Her husband was dying.
B: 1 know. l'd love to know what goes on behind closed _ _ __
3 What kind of letters were they?
6 A: 1ean't believe 1told him you were planning to leave. l'm sorry.
a) personal family eorrespondenee
B: Yes, you really let the out of the bag.
b) offieialletters from the army
B ® 5 .1 Listen and check. e) love letters from a soldier
4 Why was the mother's letter
GRAMMAR modal verbs and phrases inconsiderate?
a) She seemed unaware of how diffieult
2 Underline the correct alternative. things were for her son.
1 l'm worried about Eva. 1 really think 1 shouldlmust have told her the truth. b) She tells the son private information
2 'Do you know how they got together?' 'Yes, 1think they maylshould have about his wife.
met when they were at eollege.' e) She seemed oblivious to the priee
3 1had tolmust leave my last job beeause 1just eouldn't stand it any more. ehanges that were happening.
4 lf we're going to be late, 1 think we ought/'d better to let the organisers S How does the son reaet to his mother's
know. letter?
S You're ought/supposed to be able to open the box here. a) He writes to tell his mother he wishes
6 You didn 't need/needn't have brought your laptop after all. We've got to have no more eontaet with her.
one 'already. b) He writes to as k his mother to try and
7 Guido's planning on beeoming a tour guide. 1couldn't/shouldn 't do that. be more understanding of the diffieult
l'd hate it. situation.
8 You'd better not/shou/dn't mention that you saw me here. That would e) He writes to his wife complaining
give the game away. about the mother's behaviour.
9 Sometimes telling the truth can/can't get you into more trouble than it's 6 What does the writer plan to do with the
worth. letters?
1O We must/ought leave befo re the poliee get here! a) She would like to return them to the
family.
3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the b) She plans to publish them as a book.
first. Use the words in the box and any other necessary words. e) She wants to give them to her
banned eompulsory dared foreed permissible grandehildren .

B Complete the sentences with the

All employees must attend these boring weekly meetings.
underlined words from the text.
The boring weekly meetings _ _ _ _ __ _ _ all employees.
She spoke about her
2 Student protests may be disallowed altogether if the violenee eontinues. experienees during the war.
Student protests _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ violenee eontinues. 2 The writing was so small, 1 eould
3 The former policeman was made to retire after nearly thirty-two years of _ _ _ _ see who had written the letter.
serviee. 3 During his life, he has suffered many
The former polieeman _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ thirty-two years of serviee.
4 From then on, nobody had the eourage to ask any more questions. 4 The extremely harsh weather was diffieult
to _ _ __
From then on, any more questions.
S l'm afraid that this kind of behaviour is simply not allowed. S 1couldn't help feeling that 1was
_ _ _ _ on their private eonversation.
l'm afraid that _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 We wrote to her parents _ _ __
them for their help in the matter.
 WRITING a narrative
SA Choose the correct time phrases to
complete the story.

o ni a Go nzalez's parents were

Mexican immigrants who
had moved ro the USA
1
- - - she was born.
How~ver, 2 _ _ _ things
hadn t wo rked out quite as
. they might have planned.
3 - - , ne1ther of her parents had
learned to speak English, and Sonia's father
Mo+ber often struggled ro find work. Life wasn't
easy and ' 4 -.-- ' So ma . grew up quickly
out of necesSJty. Sonia's morher always
Sec..reis .frorn iirnes pa.si seemed .to be pregnan t ' and spent most
We had been in the old French farmhouse barely two months ofher nme lying in bed and watch'
when my husband received the most terrible news. He was television S - - - Soma . was left romg
clean
poorly, and, as it turned out, he had only a few months to live. and tidy the house and look after her
You can imagine then that the following months, living alone yo unger bro thers. 6 - - - , th ere were
in the French countryside, were difficult. When the long winter many rows · 7 - - ' aft er an argument
was over, l decided to clear out the house and re-arrange when Sonia tried to finish her schoolwork
the furniture , putting fresh paint on the walls and re-planting . with the family e h ores, 11er
befo re dealing
the garden. l wanted the house to look as my husband would mother decJded rhat it was time for h
.. h er
[to vJsJt
, er grandmother ¡'n Me.XICO . an d
have liked it.
lt was when l took the heavy wooden doors off the antique .earn the ways of the old world' an d th e
lmportance
. of ' la familia' . 8- - ,a
dresser in the kitchen that l found a small brown package,
tnp .~as planned and Sonia headed south
tucked up into one of the corners. lt was a handful of letters,
to. VlSJt her cousins· 9· · - - - sh e met h er
sorne hand-written, others typed. They had been wrapped in
WJse grandmother, Sonia knew that here
brown greaseproof paper. l sat at the old kitchen table and
was someone who understood her. The old
carefully unwrapped them one by one. The letters were dated
woman
d could see 10· - - - th at Soma . had
1917 and were the correspondence between a British mother
reams 'that wo uld take her far beyond her
and her soldier son, who had obviously been sent to France
mother s expectations.
during the First World War. As l read the words sent between
the two, l wept.
The first was a letter from the mother, in which she seems
a) eventually b) just before
quite oblivious to the hardships her son is having to endure
on the front line. She complains of the price of coal and vests, e) from the beginning
but most poignantly, she bitterly criticises the behaviour of 2 a) from then on b) in the meantime
the young soldier's wife, now heavily pregnant. She complains e) as soon as
that the young wife did not invite her mother-in-law to spend 3 a) Eventually b) lmmediately
time with them befare the soldier left for France. e) From the beginning
l read the son's reply to his mother, in which he calmly 4 a) in the meantime b) previously
explains his lave for his wife and their desire to spend sorne e) as soon as
time alone now that they are married. He ends by imploring S a) while b) after e) sinee
his mother to have more patience, and be more open-minded
and understanding towards his new wife. He says, 'Now is 6 a) The moment b) Subsequently
not the time for quarrelling. If you were in my position, or my e) Ever sinee
brother's, you would realise more fully what it is to be miles 7 a) Ever sinee b) Afterwards
away from your own fireside , not knowing when death may e) One day

overcome you: 8 a) Eventually b) In the meantime

lt was the most extraordinary feeling to hold the letters in e) Just before
my hands. l felt as if l was intruding on their most private 9 a) lnstantly b) lmme diately
correspondence - secrets from the past - and l so desperately e) As soon as
hoped that the young man had returned safely home to his 1O a) the moment b) instantly
loved ones l have since been trying to contact the family e) ever sinee
l'm hoping that perhaps one of the grandchildren or great
grandchildren will be alive today; and l can pass on the letters, ~ Write a paragraph to end the story
which forro such an intimate part of their family history 100:-150 words) . lnclude two or three of
the time phrases from the text.
 GRAMMAR the passive 2 Complete the sentences with suitable words. All the
sentences contain passives or causatives.
1 Choose the correct options to complete the text. 1 What can about the problem of
global warming? 'A lot,' say scientists.
:'' '~\,l\\11/l///~ ;._
A
~CDllib~~
2 Today there thought _ _ _ _ --~-
around 400 types of cheese in France.
3 When she was ten, Gracie her wisdom teeth
out.
TALE
4 lt said that ghosts have seen in this
For years~a romantic story 1_ about Hollywood
castle.
wonder-boy Steven Spielberg. According to legend, the
director managed to infiltrate Universal Pictures when he 5 All bilis must by the first of the
was a High School student. month.
The story goes like this: the precocious 17-year-old was 6 Oh no! My car stolen! 1can't see it
on a tour of the studio when he escaped during a toilet anywhere.
break and 2_ caught by a man who worked there. 7 Dom's never this late. He must _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Spielberg expected 3_ to leave, but the man 4 _ out. _ _ _ _ the wrong directions by Nick.
Instead, he chatted to Spielberg and gave him a pass to get 8 That medicine is to _ _ _ _ _ _ __
into the studio the following day, which Spielberg used.
more than twice a day. lt's very strong.
The day after that, Spielberg had no pass but, determined
9 Hooray! Next Christmas, everyone in the office
to enter the studio again, he put on a black suit, took bis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ a €1 000 bonus.
father's briefcase and bluffed bis way past the guard. The
briefcase contained nothing but a sandwich and two 1O 1940s legend Joe Louis is often said _ _ __
candy bars. _ ___ _ _ _ _ the greatest boxer in history.
5_ said that Spielberg played the same trick every day 1 1 My mother on by the
for the rest of the summer, wandering around film sets, surgeon right now. lt's a simple procedure.
rubbing shoulders with actors, directors and writers. One 12 He his son to us for the mess, so
day, the story goes, he carne across a room that 6_ . He the kid came over and said 'sorry '.
set up an office, put bis name on the door, went to the
main switchboard, introduced himself and 7_ him an
extension number so he could receive calls. 8_ claimed VOCABULARY truth or myth
that it was two years before he was discovered by the
bosses at Universal Pictures. 3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
The story, it turns out, is a wild exaggeration. The meaning to the first. Use three words, including the word
teenaged Spielberg 9_ given a phone extension for given.
two years. In truth, he didn't even have an office. He was 1 Can you prove that this is true?
introduced to Hollywood by a friend of bis father, and VERIFY
rather than wandering around freely, Spielberg 10_
Are you able _ _ _____ _ _ _ __
employed d~>ing paperwork.
2 In the 1950s, people believed that smoking did no harm .
So Spielberg's introduction to the business 11_ as a
myth. But is that surprising or 12_ expected? This, after CONVENTIONAL
all, is Hollywood, the land of myths and heroes. In the 1950s, was that
smoking was harmless.
1 a) is being told b) is telling e) has been told 3 We need to expose that myth .
2 a) was b) had been e) must be DEBUNKING
3 a) to ask b) that he as k e) to be asked That
4 a) didn 't have b) didn 't have e) had him not 4 No one believes that theory any more .
him throw him thrown thrown
DISPROVED
5 a) That's b) lt's e) lt
That theory
6 a) wasn 't being b) wasn 't been e) didn 't use
5 The journalist decided to reveal the facts.
used used
UNCOVER
7 a) had assigned b) had the e) had the
operator to operator The journalist decided to
assign assign
8 a) lt's also b) lt has al so e) What's also 6 Many people think bats are blind.
9 a) hadn 't b) wasn 't to be e) wasn 't HELD
10 a) was b) was to have e) had The idea that bats are blind is a
11 a) is to recognise b) is now e) is recognising
recognised
12 a) it is to be b) is it to be e) is it for being
111
LISTENING
4A Read the definition of an urban myth.
What urban myth do you think is shown in
the picture?
urban myth (n): a shocking or
sensational story that spreads vía
different media. Many people believe
it is true despite lirtle or no evidence.
B 5.2 Listen toa radio interview to check
your answer.
C Listen again and circle the correct answers.
Who believes the myth, according to the presenter?
a) no one
b) almost everyone
e) plenty of intelligent people
2 What metaphor does the guest speaker mention?
a) alligators as danger and darkness
b) the city asan urban jungle
e) cities as monsters
3 How did the urban myth start?
a) Baby alligators were found in sewers in Florida.
b) Teenagers put an alligator in the sewers in the 1930s.
e) New Yorkers were said to flush their pet alligators
down the toilet.
4 Who was Robert Daley?
a) aman who wrote a book about New York's utilities
b) the superintendent of city sewers
e) a teenager who found an alligator in the sewers
S Why did Teddy May go into the sewers to investigare
a) because he was doing some research for a book
b) because he wanted to see alligators
e) because his workers said they 'd seen alligators
6 What does the speaker say about Teddy May?
a) He was quite famous for telling unbelievable stories.
b) He was a reliable witness because he worked in the
sewers for a long time.
e) He carried a gun to work in case he saw alligators.
7 Why do scientists think it's unlikely that alligators live in
the sewers?
a) Alligators need a more varied diet than they can get in
the sewers.
b) Alligators wouldn't survive the cold, pollution and
darkness.
e) Alligators cannot live in the presence of so many rats
and cockroaches.
VOCABULARY PLUS multi-word verbs
S The pairs of sentences are missing the same
preposition. Decide which preposition is missing and add
it to both sentences in the correct place.
out
a) John and the gang are hanging}Jn the car park.
out
b) 1 only just foundÁabout your great news.
Congratulations!
2 a) She was hurt quite badly, but she soldiered till the end .
b) Don't wait forme- l'm going to be late. You just
carry.
3 a) The government is planning to crack on antisocial
behaviour.
b) You'd better slow - that pedestrian hasn 't seen you .
4 a) She spent hours poring those documents and found
nothing.
b) lf you ha ve a problem, you can talk it with me.
S a) On Sundays, we like to lounge at home.
b) You can't mess here in the factory - it's too
dangerous.
6 a) l'm just going to put these dishes.
b) That concert was amazing. We were completely
blown.
7 a) You're working too slowly. You need to speed.
b) He added so me avocado and feta cheese to jazz the
salad.
8 a) 1think they'll pension me next year. 1'11 be seventy by
then.
b) The match was called because they couldn 't raise
a team .
9 a) Seeing you again brings lots of memories of school.
b) Try to think to your childhood; what can you
remember?
1O a) James really stands in the crowd, wearing that
enormous hat!
b) You know l'm always prepared to speak against
injustice, wherever 1find it.
5.3

VOCABULARY journalism LEARNTO manage a conversation

1 Complete the crossword. 3A Complete the conversation with the words

•• •• in the box.

another don 't feel going

•••
•••• •• •
hold interesting stand
suppose think wanted

• •• •• •• A: So, what do you 1 about the issue of

downloading music from the internet? How do

• •• ••
you 2 about it?
B: Well , it's an3 question to consider.
14 , if you think about it, everyone

••••••
• •• should always pay for their music because that's
how the musicians earn their money.

·········-
• .
•
•••••••••••••••
Across
C: That's right. Because if you want to listen to

B:
music which ...
5 on a minute. 16 to
say that the problem is that music companies
charge so much for music sometimes. That 's
why people are tempted to download for free.

4 l've heard from a reliable ___ that the company is in trouble.
6 The findings of the report were ___ to the press.
7 lt was thought that the man had access to ___ information
regarding national security.
8 Ajay lost his job when it was discovered he was the source of the
Down
The newspaper had a major ___ by publishing the story ahead
of their rivals.
2 His m!lin interest lay in ___ journalism, where he could work
like a detective to uncover the story.
3 We can be su re that sooner or later the ___ will out.
5 The family is seeking an ___ against the book's publication.
FUNCTION making a point
2 Write sentences with the prompts and your own words.
what 1 basically 1 saying 1 depends 1 final result
2 point 1 1 1 trying 1 make 1 that 1 we 1 can't afford 1 waste time
3 facts 1 suggest 1 that 1 high prices 1 are 1 consequence 1
shortage in demand
4 do 1 think 1 that 1 always 1 case?
5 is 1 any 1 way 1 prove 1 that?
C: But 7 you think that we should be
allowed to download for free? lt helps the
band to become popular and then they can
make their money from doing live music gigs
and things like that; or from selling T-shirts and
other merchandise - coffee mugs and . ..
A: Yes. But 8 back to what you were
saying about musicians earning money from
writing songs: surely they should be paid for
that, too? Where do you 9 on that?
B: Absolutely. 1mean, they can make money in
other ways, but the music is their intellectual
property and they should be paid for it.
C: Sorry, and 10 thing. lf a band is
popular, so people have downloaded lots of
their music, then they'll be invited to festivals.
There are lots of other ways they can still make
money.
B: Yes, but the point l'm trying to make is that they
shouldn 't have to give their music away for free .
C: lt's not something l've thought about before,
but ...
B ® 5.3 Listen and check.
C Look at the conversation again and
underline the expressions used to manage the
conversation.
O ® 5 .4 Listen and check. Then listen again
and repeat.

6 if 1 you 1 think 1 about 1 it 1 simply 1 doesn't 1 make 1 sense

7 can 1 we 1 certain 1 this?

8 let 1 put 1 this way 1 the company 1 going 1 out of business

6.1 TRENOS

VOCABULARY trends and predictions GRAMMAR future forms

1 Choose the correct options to complete the text. 2 Cross out the option which is not possible.
·1 The government _ _ introduce a new tax on imports
Three predictions about next year.
travel in the next fifty years a) is dueto b) could be to e) is to
By Jeff Smith 1811 October 31 81 17.31 p.m. 1Science 2 We can 't visit them now because it's 12.00, and they'll
The 1_ are that the rising cost of oil will make air bed.
travel all but obsolete except for the super-rich. a) be in b) have been in e) have gone to
Current figures 2_ to the fact that prices may reach 3 We will _ _ there because it's a lot quicker than
€1 0,000 for just a short trip abroad, and the days of driving.
zooming across Europe for the price of a coach ticket a) fly b) be flying e) be to fly
will be nothing but a 3_ memory. 'Staycations' and
4 By the time you next see me, 1'11 _ _ here for six
virtual tours of exotic places will replace vacations, months.
putting a serious dent in the tourist industry.
a) have been living b) have lived e) live
Cars will downsize. Those gas-guzzling monsters that S 1think my team _ _ the Cup this year.
fill the roads today will soon become a 4_ of the
a) is going to win b) is winning e) will win
past. Law-makers are 5_ to intervene in favour of
eco-friendly cars, while people will believe 'smaller 6 This time next week 1 on a beach in Thailand!
is better' as parking spaces fail to grow in proportion a) 'm going to be lying b) am dueto lying
to the population. The development of intelligent e) will be lying
cars will 6_ pace so that, by 2030, they will drive
themselves.
3 Underline the correct verb forms to complete the text.

The big boom area will be trains. Following the How will your profession hove?
7_ in usable bio-fuels, small , compact trains
will be everywhere, regularly filling up at bio-fuel
changed by 2030 .
stations. The train is also 8_ to be silent. Acoustic
technicians may 9_ have come up with sound- Cooking with organic produces will 1have become 1 be
neutralising frequency waves that mute the carriage. being the norm by 2030. I also think we'll 2 have used 1
The 10_ of being deafened by engines and mobile be using more vegerable produces as society changes its
attirude rowards animals.
phone conversations will be over.
(PETRUSWIESE. CHEF)
l've heard thar in sorne counrries, schools are
3for introducing 1 to introduce interactive smart boards
in every classroom. This might have an impact, but
teaching 4 /ooks to 1 will be largely the same as it is now
in most subjects.
(IRINA KASINSKYEV, SCIENCE TEACHER)
In 2030 India 5is 1 will d.ue ro surpass C hina as the
world's most populous country. This will be a massively
importam momenr beca use India Gis going 1 could ro
beco me a major poli tical power on the back of its
numbers.
(CALLUM MCBRIDE, HUMAN GEOGRAPHER)
M y profession 7couldn't 1 won't exist. We will have
8 beendestroying 1 destroyed the fish population and
ruined the industry by over-fishing.
a) opportunities b) truths e) signs (STEPHEN KNOX, FISHERMAN)

2 a) point b) signal e) target By 2030, we'll 9have developed 1 be to develop self-growing

organs that can be used by accident victims or patienrs
3 a) long b) far e) distant
with genetic diseases. In fact, this 10 could be 1 will have
4 a) moment b) thing e) memorial been becoming a reality as early as 2020.
S a) for b) bound e) definite (MARGARITA ORTAL MEDICAL BIOPHYSICIST)

6 a) gain b) get e) gather By 2030, we will 11be 1 have been read.ing books in sorne form
for over 4,000 years, so I think their co mplete demise
7 a) explosion b) growing e) popularity
is unlikely. They may get less popular, but they 12aren't going
8 a) ready b) likely e) thought to disappear 1 won't have disappeared any tim e soon.
9 a) right b) well e) but (ROGER LEVINE, PUBLISHER)
10 a) days b) day e) time

PRONUNCIATION contractions
4A Complete B's answers using the
prompts. Use future forms and contractions.
1 A: How do you think you 'll do in this year's
race?
B: l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ! (going/win)
2 A: What will your life be like next year?
B: 1 famous.
(become)
3 A: How will your work have changed by
2020?
B: lt _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ much. (not/
change)
4 A : What anniversary are you celebrating
tomorrow?
B: W e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for ten
years. (marry)
5 A : Wh at t ime does the match start?
B: W e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ there at
1.00. (need/ be)
B ® 6.1 Listen and check. Pay attention to
the use of contractions.
e Listen again and repeat B's answers,
making sure you use contractions in the
correct places.
LISTENING
SA ® 6.2 Listen to part of a lecture about
ways of foretelling the future. Number the
pictures in the order they are discussed.
l_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_
B Listen again and complete the sentences with one or two words.
A canary will choo se a ___ that reveals your fortune.
2 Telling the future by examining the intestines of dead animals began in
Babylon and was continued by ___ and Romans.
3 To read the fu tu re, w e have looked at ___ and at the ski es. .
4 The science that tells the future by looking at the stars is called ___ .
5 The technique of examining the face to tell the future began in ___ .
6 Physiognomists take ___ to be trained.
7 Palm readers believe that aspects of our lives correspond to the
___ on our hands.
8 The mo st famous object associated with fortune telling is the ___ .
e Circle a word in each extract 1-6 which matches one of the
definitions a}-f} . Write the correct letter.
1 A Nepalese ~am~ examines the intestines of a sacr ificed chicken . ..
~
2 Caesar himself used a seer to predict his own future. _
3 .. . throughout history, man has always sought to read his future. _
4 What will happen to me and my kin ?_
5 Clues t o emot ional and physical health are fo und in the face, as well
as personality traits. _
6 ... re mnants of past events and signals of events yet to come. _
a) particul ar qualities in someone's ch ar acter
b) small parts of something that remain after the rest has gone
e) tribal religious leader who talks to spirits and cures illnesses
d) looked very hard to find something
e) someone who can see into the future and say wh at w ill happen
f ) family
VOCABULARY PLUS prepositional phrases
6 Complete the text with the correct prepositions.
Nostradamus: the prophet for all the ''Eiges .:.,
Michel de Nostredame (1503-1566) is 1_ _ _ íerr the world's
most íamous íuturologist. His predictions have been pored
over, debated crr1d interpreted íor centuries. Were the 946
'quatrains' that he wrote real.ly the work oí crr1 extraordincrry
prophet who'd predicted everything írom the discovery oí
electricity to the birth oí Hitler crr1d the 200 l attack on the
World Trade Centre? Or was he a íake whose work is.:i- - -
effect. useless? While Nostradamus' writings retain their hold
on our irnagination, much oí his lite remains 3_ _ _ oí sight.
We erre told he was a skilful physicicrrl who treated patients
during the Black Death; other accounts say he íound hirnself
4_ _ _ dcrr1ger during the Inquisition, crr1d, 5_ _ _ risk oí
being tried íor heresy (thouscrrlds were put 6_ _ _ trial for
their beliefs), he fled his lcrr1d. He may have served as crr1
advisor to the King of Frcrr1ce crrld was, allegedly, influential
in 7_ _ _ least three other royal households. Knowing so
little about hirn, after five hundred yeerrs we would expect his
work crr1d reputation to be 8_ _ _ decline. The almcrr1acs he
wrote were for a more gullible age. Surely, 9 _ _ _ nature,
his íame should have dwindled? But it hasn't. l O_ __
present. there erre dozens oí films about hirn, numerous
Nostradamus societies crr1d countless cafés, restaurcrr1ts crr1d
games that beerr his name. It all begs the question: did he
hirnself know that his fame would stretch so ferr into the
íuture?
VOCABULARY language GRAMMAR concession clauses
1A Complete the crossword. 2 Match 1-6 with a)-f) to make sentences.

•
•••••••
Even though there are many advantages to working a night
shift, ...
2 He too k us to the most wonderful restaurant, ...

• •••••
•• • •• •
3 Whilst 1 take your point, .. .
4 Although we had only known each other for a short time, .. .
S Odd though it may seem to the rest of the family, . ..

~·······
•• • •• . 6 Des pite the dreadful weather, ...

a) my brother and 1rarely speak.

b) despite not really being able to afford it.

••••••••••••••
e) we had a fantastic holiday.
d) most people consider that the disadvantages outweigh any
financia! gain.

Across •
2 You should ___ your language, and refrain from
saying things which might offend people.
e) l'm afraid 1 can 't agree with what you're saying.
f) we felt like best friends.

3
1
Find and corred the mistake in six of the sentences.
Strange though it may seems, we were the only people left at
4 Where language difficulties cause communication the end of the party.
problems, we can say there is a language ___ . 2 Despite have such a huge influence, he was unable to secure
7 The ___ language of Brazil is Portuguese. the deal.

8 A language used to enable communication between 3 Whichever way you looking at it, it's still a really good deal.
people who do not share a mother tongue is a ___ . 4 In spite the surge in oil prices, ministers have assured us that
(2 words) petrol prices will remain stable.

Down S Whilst they chatted and laughed, we were busy organising

everything.
We can call the informal language people use on the
streets ___ language. 6 However we going about things, it's not going to be an easy
assignment.
3 A language which is no longer spoken is a _ __
language. 7 Even if had we managed to identify the criminal previously,
we would never have been able to trace the jewels.
S A language which is spoken all over the world is a
___ language. 8 Though the slope seemed easy to climb at first, it became
gradually more difficult the higher we went.
6 Your ability to use appropriate language in a variety of
situations is your ___ of language.

8 Find and corred the mistake in each of the

sentences below.
Her lingua of French is fantastic . She can deal with any
kind of situation.
2 1 wouldn't be at all surprised if Mandarin or Farsi soon

become franca languages, spoken all around the world .

3 1 simply don't understand the point of studying a
barrier language, like Latin .
4 When my parents are around we have to command
our language!
S South Africa has eleven global languages, but many
other languages are commonly spoken, too.
6 lt's a really difficult working situation because of
the language mind between those who don't speak
Spanish and those who do.
7 We tend to use English at work as a lingua language
because everyone can understand it.
8 My official Greek is OK for getting around and buying
things in shops and cafés, but 1can't discuss politics or
anyth ing like that .

is our favourite
catchphrase
Homer Simpson's catchphrase 'D'oh!' has been voted
the greatest contribution made by the famous yellow
cartoon family to the English language, beating other
much-loved catchphrases from the long-running sitcom,
including 'eat my shorts' and 'don't have a cow'.
The exclamation 'D' oh ' , wh ich can be u sed to express
frustration that things haven 't turned out quite as you
might have liked them to, or that yo u ha ve j ust said or
done something foolish, was officially added to the
Oxford English Dictionary in 2001 .
lnterestingly, the last decade has seen an increase in
the adoption of catchphrases, now used ubiquitously
in advertising and internet marketing. In fact,
characters like Homer Simpson andan increase in
communications systems facilitated by the internet,
have led to a 'golden age' for the invention and
inclusion of new words in the English language. Not
since Shakespeare's time have we seen so many new
words and phrases so commonly adopted.
Consider these . Do yo u know someone who needs to
'take a chill pill ' (a notional pill taken to calm down)?
Wondering how you can afford to pay for your next
holiday? Why not t ry a 'staycation ' (a holiday spent in
one's own country) instead? Can you think of ;;tnyone
you ' d like to ' unfriend' ( or 'defriend'- re m ove someone
from a 1ist of friends or contacts on a social networki ng
site)? Or have you got any 'frenemies ' (people you are
friendly to despite a fundamental dislike or rivalry)?
And it's not just cartoon characters who enjoy
catchphrases. President Obama is pretty fond ofhis
catchphrases, too. 'Make no mistake' is a phrase he
used no less than 2,900 times during his first two years
of office. Other signature Obama sayings include 'Here's
the deal' (1,450 times) and ' Let me be clear,' (1 ,066
times) . And in recognition ofthe tough financia! times
he was facing, his fifth most popular motto was 'lt will
not be easy. '
Experts say that by looking at the nature of the
catchphrases we adopt, we get an idea about sorne
ofthe underlying things going on in society at any
particular point. And we can predict how powerful
a catchphrase will be by how strongly it evokes an
emotion . The longest-lasting catchphrases conjure up
strong feelings and are memorable . There's a good
reason why people will remember and use them. One
thing certainly seems to be true: the catchphrase is here
to stay.

READING WRITING a report

4A Look at the statements and decide if
they are true (T) or false (F).
1 You can use the exclamation 'D'oh' when
you have done something foolish.
2 Marketing companies and politicians are
reducing the number of catchphrases
they use.
3 Shakespeare's writing encouraged the
adoption of new words and phrases into
the English language.
4 lf someone is too relaxed and laid-back in
their attitude to work, you can say they
need to 'take a chill pill'.
S President Obama used the catchphrase
'Make no mistake' nearly 3,000 times in
his first two years of office.
6 The use of catchphrases is a trend which
will soon die out.
B Read the article to check your answers.
SA Rewrite the sentences using the prompts in brackets in the correct
form and your own words.
1 There has been a dramatic increase in the number of children outside
English-speaking countries who are learning English in primary school.
(rocket)
2 The size of English-speaking communities in both China and India has
increased sharply. (a surge)
3 There will be enormous growth in the influence of the English language
on the internet. (due 1 increase 1 dramatically)
4 There is currently a rapid increase in the amount of information on the
internet as it doubles its content every ten hours. (soar)
S Until now, most internet content has been in text form. But over the
next ten years, there will be a sharp rise in Voice-over-lnternet Protocol
(VoiP). (become 1 dominant)
6 The amount of written text on the internet will gradually decrease.
(a steady decline)

B Use your sentences to write a report on the factors influencing the

English language (250-280 words).

VOCABULARY fashion
1 Match 1-8 with a)-h) to make sentences.
That style of footwear became ...
2 That CD spread by ...
3 Sometimes strange ideas capture .. .
4 1think that trend lost .. .
5 Sales of the toy ha ve .. .
6 1don 't know why that style never took .. .
7 Her books somehow struck ...
8 This type of phone is just a passing ...
a) word of mouth .
b) a chord with the public.
e) risen since the film came out.
d) the latest thing in UK clubs.
e) its appeal a while ago.
f) trend with teenagers.
g) off in ltaly.
h) the imagination.
FUNCTION describing cause
and effect
2A ® 6 .3 Where do you think fashion
designers get their ideas? Listen to Katrina, a
fashion designer, talking about what inspires
her. Complete the table with the information
she gives.
Places fash ian shaws,
People
Times
B Complete the statements about the Katrina's views with the words in
the box.
attributed lead o riginate origins result stem this traced
A lot of trerids in fashion from the street.
2 Some fashion designs can be to celebrities' 'looks'.
3 A-list celebrities have an image to protect. Because of _ _ _ _ , they
take few risks with clothes.
4 Some fashions have their__ _ _ _ in images from films .
5 Watching other industries, e .g. architecture, can _ _ _ _ in ideas for
fashion designers.
6 Some ideas for designs from images in photography books.
7 Travelling can to inspiration for fashion designers.
8 Fulllength body suits and oversized jackets can be back to
the 1980s.
3 Underline the correct alternative.
1 A poor diet can bring abaut/ around various health problems.
2 The game takes/has its origins in ancient Egypt.
3 Such thinking has led far /ta some of the worst excesses of our age.
4 The idea is often attributed ta lan the philosopher Nietzsche.
5 My experiences in France gave a rise /rise to a !ove of the c:'untry.
6 The company's success can be traced back ta/back its founder.
7 Some say the technology revolution originated in / an Silicon Valley.
8 Those issues grow/ have their roots in childhood.
9 The improvements stem ta / from that brainstorming session in May.
1O Her research resulted inlan a great medica! breakthrough.
LEARNTO summarise your views
4 Read the summary of the recording in Exercise 2. Sorne lines have an
extra word. Tick the correct lines and write the extra words.
To sum them up, the fashion designer describes al! the 1
places where she gets her ideas. What she is really 2
saying about is that there are many sources for her designs. 3
Basically why, fashion designers look at all kinds of images 4
including film , photography books and magazines. They 5
also comb the streets and small fashion shows. All in 6
the all, she gives the impression that fashion designers get 7
ideas from normal people on the street. Big stars don't 8
take fashion risks, so to overall, designers are more likely 9
to be inspired by people who aren't famous. She also says 1O
they loo k everywhere, not just in Western culture. In the 11
conclusion, they are extremely inclusive about their ideas. 12
111
 -- -----------------------~-~--~~- ~-,------.,--- ....

REVIEW ANO CHECK 3: UNITS 5-6

GRAMMAR modal verbs + phrases VOCABULARY review

1 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar 3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
meaning to the first. Use the word given.
beans cat fallacy game injunction intuitively
1 She felt that she had to resign because of the scandal.
leak myth scoop slip verify wisdom
COMPELLED
She felt _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because of the scandal. , Lynn gave the away by laughing when Kim
2 He was suspended for using a substance which was not walked in.
allowed. BANNED 2 Oh no! That's let the out of the bag. Now,
He was suspended for using _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ everyone knows.

3 You have to have car insurance. 3 Come on, just spill the and let us know
what's happening.
COMPULSORY
4 He let it that they were planning to get
Car insurance _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
married.
4 Few journalists had enough courage to cover the story.
S She seemed to know what 1 was talking
DARED
about.
Few journalists _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the story.
6 lt's a common that a neutered dog will
S As a punishment, he was not allowed to leave the house. become fat and lazy.
FORBIDDEN 7 The computer program will _ _ _ _ _ that the
As a punishment, he was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ system is working.
6 The hotel wants us to check out by 10.30. 8 As traffic grew, the conventional _ _ _ _ _ was to
SUPPOSED widen the roads.

We're _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the hotel by 10.30. 9 Fellow academics later debunked the _ _ _ __

7 We didn't need to order so much food. 1O The newspaper generally managed to get a _ _ _ __
before its rivals.
NEEDN'T
11 The judge refused to grant an preventing
We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ so much food .
details of the matter being published in the media.
8 They had to land the plane in a field .
12 Civil servants were known to _ _ _ _ information to
FORCE O the press.
The plane _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in a field .

GRAMMAR the passive

2 Read the text. Sorne lines have an extra word. Tick the
corred lines and write the extra words.

The 10% Myth

lt is often be claimed that most people only use about 10% of their brain power. 1 ~
In fact, even neuroscience students, who were asked to specify how much of 2 _.!_
the brain is used in normal everyday activities, were answered 'about 10%'. However, 3 ---
unfortunately, this is be a myth. There is no evidence to suggest that we only use 4 ---
a small part of our brain. In fact, there is now plenty of scientific evidence for to S ---
show that most of the time, when we're thinking, we are using almost all of our brain. 6 ---
So, how was the myth are perpetuated? Firstly, the idea appeals to people. lt's a nice 7 ---
idea to think that our full potential is not being achieved, and therefore there is 8 ---
room for self-improvement. The idea has been for used prolifically by marketing 9 ---
people, who draw on it to help sell their products. Self-help books, for example, 10 - - -
which promise to help you achieve your full potential. No one knows how the myth 11 ---
started, though it may have been originated from a scientific paper written by 12 ---
American psychologist William James in the late nineteenth century. In the paper, James 13 ---
was stated that he doubted that the average human achieved more than 10% of their 14 ---
intellectual potential. Even Albert Einstein is said for to have spoken of the 10% myth 15 --~

with reference to his own brilliant mind; however, careful research into the Einstein 16 --~

archives has been revealed no evidence of him ever making the claim . 17 --~

111
 REVIEW ANO CHECK 3: UNITS 5-6

VOCABULARY PLUS multi-word verbs FUNCTION making a point

4 Complete the adverts with the correct particles. S Complete B's responses with the words
in the box.

case evidence point put that think

your evening 1 1

meals need a little A: Violent criminals deserve to die in

brightening 1_ _ ? prison.
B: 1don 't see how you can say
Don't feel you have to
waste time poring
2_ _ recipe books. Why 2 A: Bullies don't get the punishments they
not just jazz 3_ _ your deserve.
everyday meals with our B: Do you think that's always the
_____ ?
new range of seasonings?
They will surely spice up 3 A: What can we do about it?
your dinner and bring B: The _ _ _ _ _ is that there isn't
4 _ _ sweet memories of anything we can do.
mother's home cooking. 4 A: Can we afford to let her go?
B: lf you about it, we
don 't have a lot of choice.
5 A: There is surely life on other planets.
take time B: ls there any _ _ _ _ _ to suggest
to slow 5 _ _ that is the case?
Do you sometimes wonder 6 A: How long is all this going to take?
how much longer you can B: Let me it this way, we
carry 6 _ _ the way don't have much time.
you are? Think 7_ _ to
the last time you felt truly
relaxed. If it was more than GRAMMAR future forms
a week ago, you need our
help. Spend a day in the 6 Complete the sentences with the
relaxed atmosphere of our correct form of the verbs in brackets.
unique health spa and give Don't worry. l'm sure the plane
yourself time to mull s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (land)
what is really important in
by now.
your lite. Don't hang 9_ _ !
today and book your 2 Have you ever wondered what you
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (do) in
ten years' time?
3 The government (be) to pull
Oo you have something you out troops from all neighbouring
need to get off your chest? countries.
Don't just keep 10_ _ endlessly pestering your friends and 4 They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (due) to
family. Why not come and find 11 _ _ more about our arrive any minute now.
debating group? We meet 5 The new law (can) spell the
once a week to speak end of freedom of speech as we know it.
12_ _ about concerns we
6 When you get to the station, 1_ _ __
have. from how the police _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (wait) for you
are choosing to crack
13 _ _ on crime. to how
outside.
the government plans to 7 There _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
pension 14_ _ elderly _ _ _ _ (be) a huge protest on
citizens. Why not come and Saturday against the suggested cuts.
join us? Let your voice be 8 That's fine . We _ _ _ _ _ _ __
heard. Think it 15- - • (see) you when we get there.
and then give us a call on
0844 623 872.

111
REVIEW AND CHECK 3: UNITS 5-6
VOCABULARY review 2
7 Choose the corred option to complete
the sentences.
gathering pace 1 bound
a) Support for the campaign is _ _ __
b) Mistakes are to happen .
2 are over 1 a distant memory
a) Her honeymoon seemed _ _ __
b) l'm afraid his footballing days
3 are likely 1 the signs are
a) Children living in rural areas
_ _ _ _ to be poor.
b) 1think that there will be an
improvement in the economy.
4 dead language 1 language barrier
a) Because of the , it was
hard for doctors to give good advice
to patients.
b) 1don 't see the point in studying a
5 command 1 mind
a) She has a wonderful _ _ _ _ of the
language.
b) 1 had to ask him to _ _ _ _ his
language.
6 everyday 1 a global
a) 1 findwatching television useful for
picking up bits of language.
b) The spread of Mandarin suggests
that in the future it may become
_ _ _ _ language.
7 a chord 1 the imagination
a) Her books really capture _ _ __
b) Many of the things she says will strike
_ _ _ _ with other young women .
8 latest thing 1 passing trend
a) These long, floral dresses are the
b) lnterest in organic food is nota
_ _ _ _ ; it's here to stay.
9 lost its appeal 1 risen dramatically
a) The number of people buying e-books
has _ _ __
b) 1don 't think cinema has ever really
1O word-of-mouth 1 taking off
a) The product has only just hit the
market, but it is already.
b) The best kind of marketing for this
kind of thing is _ _ __
11
GRAMMAR concession clauses
8 Find and corred the mistake in six of the sentences.
Difficult though it seem, HTML is not difficult to learn .
2 Even if l'd warned you about the dangers, you wouldn 't have listen to ~e.
3 However minor the problem is, 1'11 always ask for advice.
4 Strange as if it may seem, l'm actually not very self-confident.
5 Whichever the method you choose, it will be a difficult operation.
6 In spite of know her for years, 1 had no idea she was involved in crime.
7 Despite be held up in traffic, we arrived on time.
8 Though it took us longer than expected , we managed to agree in the end .
VOCABULARY PLUS prepositional phrases
9 Complete the sentences with the corred preposition.
_ _ _ _ law, seatbelts must be worn by all passengers.
2 We are _ _ _ _ track to hit all our sales targets.
3 Numbers of students choosing art subjects are _ _ _ _ decline.
4 We are _ _ _ _ danger of having to sell the business.
5 That is far the best idea we've had so far.
6 He is, effect, the only person who can make the decision.
7 The children were risk of abuse.
8 of sight, of mind , as the saying goes.
9 least forty people have been injured.
1O The number of drug abusers is soaring _ _ _ _ of control.
FUNCTION describing cause and effect
1O Complete sentences 1..:.5 with phrases a)-e).
Mobile apps are increasingly concerned with people's emotional
wellbeing. lt in the launch of a series of 'Happy apps'
which help to improve your mood .
2 The cashless economy is slowly becoming a reality with the
introduction of digital stamps and McDonald's swipe cards. The trend
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ technological advances and the consumer's desire for
convenience.
3 A clothes company in Spain produces a T-shirt every month featuring
consumers' photos or stories. The idea the fact that
stories can help to increase a consumer's emotional attachment to the
product.
4 Consumers' lives continue to get busier. _ _ _ _ _ _ , a massive
opportunity exists in selling products via subscription.
5 Consumers love to feel a sense of excitement and exclusivity. This
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ flash sales, where products are offered ata greatly
reduced price without any warning, and only for a very short amount of
time (sometimes just for a few seconds) .
a) can be attributed to
b) ·has resulted
e) has given rise to
d) because of this
e) originated from
 TEST 3: UNITS 5-6

TEST
Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. 17 Over the _ _ _ _ years, we'll start to see the
1 1don't think 1should have said anything. lt would have benefits.
been better to _ _ __
a) last b) coming e) going
a) let it slip b) stay schtum 18 By 2050, robots like this will _ _ __ the norm.
e) let the cat out of the bag
a) be being b) have been
2 Trust Erica to give and tell everyone in the e) have become
office.
19 This time next year, we on a beach in the
a) up the game b) for the game Caribbean.
e) the game away
a) will celebrating b) '11 be celebrating
3 Children go through eleven years of _ _ __ e) '11 have been celebrated
education.
20 Moon holidays _ _ _ _ a reality later in the
a) compulsory b) compulsion e) compulsive decade.
4 They reached the maximum _ _ _ _ level of a) could be b) would be
radiation. e) could have been
a) forbidden b) permissible e) allowing 21 What is the _ _ _ _ language of Belgium?
S 1enjoyed the party, although 1 probably _ _ __ a) global b) official e) dead
a) wouldn't have gone 22 The language meant 1 didn't know what 1
b) shouldn't go was supposed to do.
e) shouldn't have gone
a) wall b) break e) barrier
6 Detectives worked tirelessly to the truth.
23 _ _ _ _ enjoying the holiday, we were never asked
a) uncover b) disprove e) debunk back.
7 lt's a commonly held that Westerners a) Despite b) In spite e) Even if
don't like spicy food.
24 way you look at it, it won 't be an easy
a) truth b) perception e) intuition decision to make.
8 Verdun _ __ _ to be an important city in Roman a) However b) Whichever e) Whoever
times.
25 , 1 would still prefer to stay in this job.
a) was considered b) is said e) is thought
a) Difficult though it may
9 The drug ove r a five-week period. b) Although 1 enjoy
a) has tested b) is to be test e) was tested e) Strange though it may seem
1O More research needs before we can 26 The trend for wearing massively high heels has really
conclude that the drug is effective. taken _ _ __
a) todo b) being done e) to be done a) up b) off e) on
1 1 1can 't stand the way those youths just hang 27 Reggae music can be to its roots in
_ _ _ _ on the street corner. Jamaican folk music of the 1950s.
a) up b) around e) on a) influenced b) resulted in e) traced back
12 1 was completely blown _ _ __ by their generosity. 28 Kilo fashion, where shops sell clothes by the kilo,
a) up b) away e) for _ _ _ _ in Milan.
13 The l'm trying to make is that we can't be a) all started b) stems e) resulted
su re. 29 Your online presence is increasingly important. This
a) point b) issue e) idea has companies offering their services to
14 The evidence _ _ _ _ that this is not always the maintain your online reputation.
case. a) given rise to b) resulted e) traced back to
a) tells b) seems e) shows 30 lncreasing fees has had a huge on the
15 Do you think this is always the _ _ __ numbers of students applying for places.
a) influenced b) stem e) effect
a) correct b) case e) prove
16 The days of economic prosperity are _ _ __
a) over b) under e) around
/301
· 7.1 FREEDOM

VOCABULARY escape LISTENING

1 Underline the corred alternative. 4A Look at the pictures. What do you think happened?
1 He was stranded/trapped in the middle of nowhere.
2 Thirty-three miners spent sixty-nine days trappedlreleased
deep within the San José mine, in Chile.
3 With the guards asleep, he decided to make an escape
plan/a break for the door.
4 The gang f/ed/made a break the scene of the crime.
5 The walkers took refuge/stranded in a local café until the
storm had passed.
6 lt's important to have an escape plan/a break in case
of fire.

GRAMMAR cleft sentences

2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

it liked only place reason

~on 1etning thing what

Something 1 have always regretted is not having spent

more time with my father.
2 they didn 't appreciate was quite how difficult
the rescue was going to be.
3 lt was when 1 chased him along the corridor
that he reluctantly gave me the half-eaten biscuit.
4 The main why we've called you is to ask for
your opinion on the matter.
5 What 1 about the country was the openness
of its people.
6 The that 1 found most difficult to comprehend
was just how lazy everybody appeared to be.
7 was a miracle that the young boy was found
before he carne to any harm.
8 The where 1 would most like to return to is
a tiny island in the north of Greece.

3 Match 1-6 with a)-f) to make sentences.

1 lt was only when we offered him money .. .
2 The reason we failed to make the grade .. .
3 What made me suspicious of him ...
4 One thing 1 think we should do ...
5 What 1 enjoyed most about the film .. .
6 Something l've always wanted todo .. .

a) is make sure we research the location more thoroughly

next time.
b) was the way that he never looked you straight in the eye.
e) was the humour. lt was hilarious!
d) that he decided to spill the beans.
e) is work for a charity.
f) was that we'd spent more time partying than studying.

lrrml 1rrm1 1rrm1

11
B ® 7.1 Listen to the story and check your ideas. VOCABULARY PLUS suffixes
C Listen again and choose the corred answers.
6 Complete the sentences with the
Why were the men in prison at Alcatraz? corred form of the words in brackets.
a) They were convicted murderers. The group remained deeply
b) They were convicted bank robbers. _ _ _ _ _ of his motives. (suspect)
e) They were convicted gang criminals. 2 Mobile technology offers amazing
2 How did the men plan to leave the island? _ _ _ _ _ to people in rural areas
who have little access to education.
a) They planned to steal one of the guard boats.
(opportune)
b) The idea was to swim to the mainland using inflatable life vests they'd
3 They undertook a huge _ _ _ __
made.
project on the building. (renovate)
e) They planned to navigate the water using a raft and inflatable life vests.
4 His brother's unexpected _ _ _ __
3 How did they hope to fool the guards? was a shock to the whole family.
a) by using life-like dummies which they'd made (reappear)
b) by getting other inmates to pretend to be them during head counts 5 The inmates were hugely _ _ _ __
e) by using recorded voices using anything they could find to help dig
the escape tunnel. (resource)
4 What tools did they use to dig the tunnels?
6 The younger generation ha ve a
a) a variety of stolen tools, including spoons
_ _ _ _ _ to lack respect for their
b) power tools which they 'd smuggled into the prison elders. (tend)
e) mostly spades stolen from the guards 7 We need to _ _ _ _ _ the sides of
5 Why did West not leave with the other men? the boat, so that we can sit on the edges.
a) He changed his mind at the last minute. (strong)
b) He couldn't swim and was afraid of sharks. 8 With a schedule this busy, it's vital that we
_ _ _ _ _ the tasks. (priority)
e) He couldn't get out of his cell in time.
9 Lack of police intervention meant
6 Was the escape successful?
the family were subjected to years of
a) No. All three men were later re-captured. _ _ _ _ _ . (harass)
b) They escaped from the prison, but it is not known whether they ever 1O His originality as a composer is
reached the shore. _ _ _ _ _ by the following pieces of
e) Yes. The men survived and made a film about it. music. (example)
1 1 Obviously feeling the pressure, he
5 Complete the second sentence as a cleft sentence using the prompts.
gave answers to the
1 The waters around the island were infested with sharks, which was a prosecutor's questions. (evade)
problem for the men.
12 We hope to achieve sorne _ _ _ __
One problem for - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - about the situation later today. (clear)
13 The weather looks as if it might
2 They made a raft and inflatable life vests using stolen raincoats. _ _ _ _ _ up a bit later. (bright)
What they used - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14 1told her l'd hada row with Pete, but she
wasn 't very . (sympathy)
3 West didn't leave with the other men because he hadn't finished digging 15 1 was just one of hundreds of

out his escape route. _ _ _ _ _ for the job, so 1 doubt if 1'11

Thereason _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ get an interview. (apply)

4 They used a system of life-like decoys to fool the guards.

Whattheydidto _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

5 West masterminded the whole escape plan.

ltwas _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

6 The guards didn 't realise that the men had already escaped.
What _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
GRAMMAR participle clauses
1 Tick the correct sentence in each pair.
a) Standing by the river, 1 noticed a golden fish .
b) 1 noticed a golden fish standing by the river.
2 a) Being not very good with cars, 1asked the mechanic to
take a look.
b) Not being very good with cars, 1 asked the mechanic
to take a look.
3 a) 1wrote the speech, helped considerably by Will.
b) 1 wrote the speech, helping considerably by Will.
4 a) Having taken the medicine, 1 felt much better.
b) Having been taken the medicine, 1felt much better.
5 a) Exhausting from running, he lay down and slept.
b) Exhausted from running, he lay down and slept.
6 a) Not to move a muscle, the insect watches its prey.
b) Not moving a muscle, the insect watches its prey.
7 a) She missed the train , having failed to arrive in time.
b) She missed the train , having failing to arrive in time.
8 a) The candidate is running for president is an old friend .
b) The candidate running for president is an old friend.
2 Underline the correct alternatives to complete the text.
1
Having been brought up 1 Bringing up in an Italian
household in the USA, Federico (Fred) Bonetti spoke
little English. 2 Having been tied 1 Tied to his roots
through family stories and language, and keen to
get away for a short break, Bonetti decided to visir
ltaly. So he boarded a plane to Rome. After flying for
a while, the plane made a fuel stop at JFK Airport,
New York. 3Believing 1 Believed that he had arrived in
Rome, Bonetti got off rhe plane. 4 Surprised 1 Having
surprised that his cousin wasn't there to meet him as
arranged, Bonetti neverrheless took a taxi to the town
centre. 5Not going 1 Not having been to Ro me before,
he decided to take a look around. He couldn't help
noticing that Rome's famous monumems seemed
to have been replaced by skyscrapers, and the street
signs all seemed to be in English. 6Having been
stopped 1 Stopping to eat at a café, he also noticed that
everyone was speaking in English. This, he supposed,
was because so many tourists wem to Rome. Tired
of wandering around, Bonetti decided ro make his
way to his cousin's address. After wandering around
in circles for several hours, he gave up and decided
to take a taxi. 7Amazed 1Amazing that a taxi driver
in Rome didn't speak ltalian and 8 not wanted 1 not
wanting to waste any more time, he consulted a
policeman. When 9telling 1 told he was in New York,
Bonetti refused to believe ir. 10Driving 1 Drove to the
airport in a police car, he insisted he was in Rome.
'This is how ltalians drive!' he said.
VOCABULARY idioms: relaxing
3A Underline the correct alternative.
Do yo u usually hang off/ out hang/ hang out he re?
2 OK, let 's all have a breathl breathingl breather.
3 You should try to take your mind off/mind onlbrain off
the problem.
4 Don 't you find it hard to wind uplbe unwindlunwind?
5 Why don 't you take easy/take it easyltake the easy?
6 1 find it hard to switch it off/switch off/be switched offat
the end of the day.
7 Why don't you let some hair down!the hair down lyour
hair down?
B Complete these children's jokes with sentences from
Exercise 3A.
a) What did one stressed-out clock say to the other
stressed-out clock?
b) What did one bat say to the other bat?
e) What did one light-bulb say to the other light-bulb?
WRITING a leaflet
4A Read about the Freedom Festival. What is its purpose?
The Freedom Festival takes place next weekend. The festival
includes music, dancing, local food, children's entertainment and
fireworks . All money made from the festival will go to Amnesty
lnternationat an organisation that prometes freedom and justice
throughout the world .
B Match subheadings 1-5 with notes a)-e).
1 Location 3 Events 5 Getting there
2 Time 4 Cost
a) €8 for adults, €5 for 12- 16-year-olds, under-12s go free
b) Bus 1 6 or 99 from Salmouth Centre
e) 2p.m. till midnight
d) six local bands, including Firedragon; midnight firework
display, and bouncy castle for kids
e) Penny Park
C Read the opening lines of a leaflet to promote the
event. How can you improve on it? Think about the effect
on the reader. ls the message clear? Does the writer
sound enthusiastic? ls it too formal/informal?
Welcome!
We would be grateful if you would attend this year's
Freedom Festival. It promises to be a nice event that
will help raise money for Amnesty International,
a good cause. As always, we have a line-up of
musicians, lots of food, and fun for all the family.
We are sure the event will be enjoyed.
D Complete the leaflet (200-250 words) with the
subheadings in Exercise 48 and your own words.
 C Find words/phrases in the article that match the
READING following definitions.
SA Read the definition of a road tri p. Have you ever 1 look at something with you r eyes partly closed in order to
been on one? see better (1ntroduction)
2 . vague; not clear or exact (introduction)
road trip n [C}: a long trip that you take in a car
3 in poor condition (paragraph 1)
us ually with friends '
4 travelled many times fro m one side of an area to another
(paragraph 2)
B Read the article and answer the questions. Sorne S huge amounts of empty land (paragraph 2)
questions may have multiple answers.
6 old , but high quality (paragraph S)
1 Who mentions music?
7 with many smooth bends, e.g. a road o r ri ver (paragraph S)
2 Who mentions the weather?
8 surro unded by views of beautifu l co untryside (paragraph S)
3 Who mentions people they travel with?
4 Who mentions people they meet during the trip?
S Who doesn 't mention food?
6 Who plans to sleep outside?
7 W hose road tri p involves reading?
8 Whose road tri ps involve two whee ls, not fou r?

(( perfeclrbact trip }}
Pack up your troubles in a rucksack. Fill the tank with petral. Squint into the distance. Step on the acceJ.erator ...
and go. That wcrs how it used to be . Now the road trip is in danger oí becorning extinct in these days oí super-
cheap flights, rtsing oil prices and shrinkin9 holiday time . But there are still those who ctream oí driving íor weeks
on end to íind an unstructured, hazy kind oí íreedom, and even one or two who have actually done it.

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e,x.cL-trsLol'\-5 ~IA.rL~ t~t ~Rl::j R~
stt RLL t~t sLg~ts LLiru st. tves R~
u~'s e;~. t '~ recoV~o~.VIA.t~ Lt to
Rli\-l::jOI'\-t. W~tli\- Lt rRLI'\-5 wt s Lt Ll'\- R
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111o0t~L~ to
:><'\.\.,.-oc /-·~~.. btRt Lt.

Elizabeth
Bell-Givens
 3A Correct the mistakes in the extracts. There is
VOCABULARY risk
sometimes more than one mistake in each extract.
1A Add vowels to complete the words/phrases related A: lf you let him carry on then you 'll .. . then he's going to
to risk. cut himself, or fall into the river or something, isn 't he?
a s_c_r_ty d_L _ 1 B: Oh come off. Surely you think that?
2 r_sk-_v_rs_ c_ILr_ 2 A: 1 mean, he could fall over and hit his head on a rack or
3 ____xp_s_ someone L _nn_c_ss_ry d_ng_r something.
4 _nc _ _ r_g_ng _nd_p_nd_nc_ B: Oh you're ridiculous. There's no real danger. You can't
S m_llyc__ddl_ honest think that.
6 d_l_b_r_Liy 3 A: 1suppose you 've got point about thinking for yourself.
lt's that, as a parent, ora mother, 1just think 1would
7 d_ _ l w_th d_ng_r
just naturally stop him.
8 _ns_p_rv_s_d 4 A: 1couldn 't stand back and watch him hurt himself.
9 _v_r-pr_LcLv_n_ss Where's the logical in that?
1 O LL r__ s_n_bl_ r_sks S B: Well, l'm with 100 percent you on that. But there is
no accident here. lt just doesn't make for sense to me.
B Complete the sentences with phrases from Exercise lA. There is no real danger.
Children aren't allowed outside the classroom ___ .
They must have an adult with them at all times. B ® 7.3 Listen and check.
2 1don't think Toby's behaviour is helped by the fact that
his over-protective parents tend to ___ him. LEARNTO convince someone
3 1can 't believe that she would ___ expose her son to
such an ______ . He was standing right next to 4A Put the words in order to make sentences.
the car. you 1 take 1 just 1 to 1 easy 1 need 1 1 1 things 1 think
4 There's a fine line between ______ , which can
be seen as a good thing, and just leaving children to look 2 we 1 the 1 that 1 always 1 point 1 late 1 are 1 is
after themselves, which is not such a good idea.
S 1 think it's right for children to learn to take _ __
___ so that they learn to ___ with ___ . 3 think 1 you 1 idea 1 good 1 don't 1 a 1 surely 1 that's?

6 People are afraid of litigation and this is what leads us to

live in a ___ - ______ . 4 joking 1 on 1 must 1 come 1 be 1 you 1 oh

S whole 1 the 1 point 1 that's

FUNCTION exchanging opinions

2A Look at the picture. What would you do in this

B Complete the conversations with the sentences above.
situation? Would you stop the child or let him carry on?
A: 1can 't believe you gave him money. He'll just spend it
on junk food.
B: . He needs to learn for
himself how to spend his money.
2 A: Don't worry. We'll only be a few minutes late.
B: - - - - - - - - - -
3 A: 1can 't rest, l've got too many things todo.
B: That's the whole point. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 A: 1think we should r isk it and go to the beach anyway.
The forecast might be wrong.
B: . lt said heavy rain and
strong winds all along the coast!
B ® 7.2 Listen to two people discussing the situation. S A: We should just turn up on her doorstep and announce
Choose the best summary.
that we're staying for a week.
a) The woman thinks that the boy is being exposed to
unnecessary risk and should be helped . The man argues B: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? Aneta would be furious.
that the boy should learn from his mistakes.
b) The man thinks that we live in a risk-averse society
and children should be allowed more freedom . The
woman agrees, but in this case thinks that the danger is
unnecessary.
8.1 TIME

GRAMMAR future in the past VOCABULARY time expressions

1 Rewrite the sentences so that they have a 3 Complete the puzzle. Then discover the key word: an
similar meaning. Use the prompts. element of time.
1 1 forgot my ticket for the concert, so 1 couldn't go!
(supposed/ go/but)
2
1
1 1 1 1 1

1was supposed to ~o to a concert but 1for~ot my ticket.

3
2 l'd nearly left the office. The phone rang. (about/
leave/when) r4
5

3 You told her the secret! That wasn't the plan! 6

(not/ supposed/tell)
Clues
4 We made a mistake- we didn't pay in advance. People w ill be living under these conditions for the _ __
(were 1meant/ pay) future.
2 She was with the company from the ___ ; she was one of the
S 1trained to be a doctor. 1 became a singer instead! founders.
(was/have/become/but) 3 Man has been asking these questions since ___ dawn of t ime.
4 As a nation, we are ___ to entera new era.
6 The plan was for you to be at the checkpoint at S He was on the ___ of a great discovery.
exactly Sa.m. (were) 6 People will remember this achievement for ___
· to come.

2 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the text.

The life and times

ofZamp the Champ
In 1944, the US War Department announced the death
of former Olympic runner Lou Zamperini. His mother
refused to believe it. And if he 1_ to be dead, Lou
didn't know about it either. He was over 5,000 miles
awey on the other side of the world.
The son of !tallan immigrants, little Lou spoke no
English when his family arrived in California. Seeing
that life 2 _ be tough for him, his father taught Lou
how to box. He was soon knocking out the local kids.
His brother realised that thrill-seeker Lou 3 _ to get
into serious trouble so he introduced him to athletics.
Zamperini started breaking records immediately, and
the pr~ss nicknamed him 'Zamp the Champ'. He won
a scholarship to the University of Southern California
and then ran in the 1936 Berlín Olympics. He later
told stories about the boat trip to Europe. He 4 _ to be
In 1943, during World War II, Zamperini's crew went
out on a mission. It 6 _ a short flight, but the plane's
engines failed and it crash-landed in the Pacific Ocean.
Lou was trapped 70 feet underwater in a sinking
plane, but he managed to escape. With two other
survivors, Lou spent forty-seven deys on a life raft.
He knew he 7 _ die there, and he kept the others going
with his humour. They lived off chocolate and the birds
and fish they caught with their hands.
Half-starving and exhausted, they were 8 _ up when
they saw an island. Paddling desperately, they reached
the shore and were rescued by fishermen. But if they
thought life 9 _ get easier, they were in for a surprise.
They spent the next two years in a prison camp.
Lou was 10_ to a hero's welcome, but haunted by
memories of the war, he began drinking heavily. He
11 _ the next few years in despair until he met

in training, but he gorged himself every day on the
free food and put on 12 pounds. He carne eighth in the
5,000 metres. Still a teenager, many thought he 5 _
become one of the great runners, but instead he joined
the air force .
a Christian Evangelist called Billy Graham. With
Graham's help, Zamperini got his life back on track
and became an inspirational speaker. In 2010, author
Laura Hillenbrand ensured Lou's life 12_ through
history when she wrote his biography, Unbroken.

a) had been 4 a) meant 7 a) was about 10 a) returning

b) supposed b) was meant b) wasn 't meant to b) to return
e) was supposed e) was meaning e) was on the verge of e) on the point to return
2 a) is going to S a) would 8 a) meant to give 11 a) was spending
b) was on the verge of b) was on t he point of b) about to give b) used to spend
e) was going to e) was supposed e) for giving e) would spend
3 a) had to go 6 a) was being 9 a) was going to 12 a) was meant to remember
b) was going b) would be b) was planning to b) would have remembered
e) was to have gone e) was to have been e) was supposed e) would be remem bered

11
 LISTENING VOCABULARY PLUS proverbs
4A Look at the pictures. What do you think the connection is between 5 Complete the sentences with a word
the pictures and the headline? from A and a word from B.
A

~~
absence actions built home judge
picture place practice practise safe
sight ventured

o~ ~006 196~~
- B
oo o o / ¡.;;=¡,
¡- ¡¡
~

,..........____.- 1939-45 ..... ...,.., ! book day gained heart heart

home louder mind perfect preach

~
sor ry words

~
The photo on the cover is brilliant.
A is worth a thousand

2 The flat looks poky but it's wonderful

inside. Don 't a by
its cover.
Harriet dies:
the end ofa (very, very slow) stroll
3 Once l'd left school , 1 forgot all my old
friends. Out of , out of
through time
4 Do what you say you'll do, because
_ _ _ _ speak than words.
B ® 8.1 Listen and check. S 1only miss him when l' m away! 1guess
C Choose the correct answers. Then listen again to check. _ _ _ _ makes the grow
What book did Harriet appear in? fonde r.
a) The Guinness Book of World Records 6 1don 't mind if the house takes ten years
to complete. Rome wasn 't in a
b) On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin
e) S/av~ry in the British Empire
7 Why don't you try starting your own
2 What didn't people know about Harriet for a long time? business? Nothing , nothing
a) that she had a weak heart
b) that she hada connection to Charles Darwin 8 Work at it every day, because _ _ __
makes _ _ __
e) that she was a female
3 What is believed about Harriet and Charles Darwin? 9 1missed my family, my room and my
stuff. 1 guess is where the
a) that he looked after her the whole time she was in Britain _ _ _ _ is.
b) that he took her away to study her as part of his research
1O We decided not to take any risks wit h the
e) that he took her to Australia because the weather was better car. Better than _ _ __
4 What journeys did Harriet make? 1 1 After travelling for years, 1 got back
a) from the Galapagos lslands to Britain to Australia and realised there's no like
b) from Britain to Ecuador to Australia
e) from Australia to Britain 12 You have toseta good example, and
_ _ _ _ what you _ _ __
S What was she like, physically, in later life?
a) she was small, about the size of dinner plate 6A ® 8.2 Listen and check. Are there
b) she was huge two or three stressed words in ea eh
e) she had shrunk because of her age proverb? Listen again and mark the stress.

6 How did Harriet 's longevity compare with Tui Malila's? · B Repeat the proverbs, focusing on the
a) Tui Malila and Harriet lived to the same age. rhythm.
b) Harriet lived toan older age than Tui Malila.
e) Tui Malila lived longer than Harriet by over ten years.

111
READING
1A Think about the following smells. What do they remind you of?

B Read the text. Were the ideas similar to your own?

Does the smell offreshly cut grass remind you ofanything? 1_ __

lnspired by the idea that smells can evoke childhood memories, ! 've been
asking people to tell me about the smells which have this ejfect for them.

When we lived in Mexico, my
fa ther bought a piece of land outside
Mexico City where, as kids, we used
ro go for picnics. I have such happy
memo ries of that place, of everyone
being rogether there, earing, chatting,
playing aro und. Ir was in a pirre forest
and ir was fu!! of small, wild flowers of
a rhousand different colours. And the
ai r was always fresh with che smell of
pines. 2_ _ _ The sun would peek
down through che trees and rouch
our faces, and we could feel the cool
breeze. The smell of the pines would
stay on our cloches for days. I'm sure
thac place has changed so m uch now.
3_ _ _ Whenever I cacch che smell
of pine trees on the wind, I'm taken
straight back chere.
Adriana Flores Garcia
From when I was very young, my mother
used ro take me to a market in Taipei.
fu a treac, she would always bu y me a
baked sweet potato to eat from one of the
market sellers. 4_ _ _ When I held ir
in my hands, I didn't notice anything else.
One day, I was so engrossed in eating my
patato, I didn't realise where 1 was going
and before 1 knew it, 1 was lost in the
marker. 5_ _ _ In a blind panic, 1 ran
around the stalls desperacely searching.
Then, not sure whar ro do nex t, I ran back
to the stall where my mother had bought
the sweet potaroes. The kind lady smiled
at me, and 1 stood there waiting for my
morher. Eventually, she found me and
stooped down to pick me up, with tears
in her eyes. Whenever 1 ear sweet patato
now, I'm reminded of that day.
Sunny Kung Lee
Yo u know rhat smell you get just
after it's been raining? 6_ _._
That's the smell that reminds me
oflreland. We went travelling
around lreland a few years ago
and almost everywhere we went
it rained. Now, that rain smell
reminds me of laughter and
music in Dublin's pubs, fish and
chips along the coast and the
beautiful views across Galway
Bay. 7_ _ _ 1 can't wait to go
back there agai n, so it's a !ove!y
reminder when it's been raining,
and 1 can just dream oflreland.
Cindy Brett

C Seven sentences have been removed from the article. D Find words/phrases in the completed stories in the
Match sentences A-G with gaps 1-7. article to match definitions 1-7.
A lt was so hot and sweet and delicious, and 1remember it look quickly at something from behind something else
was like one of the most precious things. (story 1)
B 1 remember how me and my brother would run around 2 valuable (story 2)
there, or sometimes just lie on the grass.
3 interested so much that you didn 't notice anything else
C lt reminds me of the excited feeling of adventure 1 had (story 2)
while 1 was there, and the kindness and hospitality we met
4 bent his/her body forward and down (story 2)
along the way.
5 slightly wet (often unpleasant) (story 3)
D The kind of damp but fresh smell; the kind of smell that
makes the worms want to slither out of the ground and 6 slide over a surface, moving from side to side (story 3)
squirm along the pavement? 7 twist from side to side 1 wriggle to get free (story 3)
E lt's probably been built on , and in a way that makes the
memories even more special.
F Or what about one of your favourite childhood dishes?
G My mother had vanished, and all 1 could see were the legs
of a thousand other women.

11
 GRAMMAR ellipsis and VOCABULARY memories
substitution
4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
2A Write one word in each gap 1-6 to
vividly- brings distinctly earliest flooding holds hazy vague
complete the conversation. Ignore the
gaps in square brackets. 1 He vivid/y remembered the day his father left.
A: What's your earliest childhood memory? 2 When 1saw the pictures, the memories carne back.
B: l'm not sure 1have 1 one . Why? 3 Just the smell of that perfume back memories of my grandmother.
What's yours?
4 This is like a trip down memory lane- this place _ _ _ _ so many
A: Oh, l've got 2_ _ __
memories for me.
B: Have you [ ~ot lots of childhood memories ]? S One of my memories is of being in my pram, and leaning out to
What sorts of things can you remember? reach sorne strawberries.
A: U mm .. . [ ] m y father telling 6 My recollection of those early days when 1first moved to the country is
me when my brother was born. 1 can rather _ _ __
remember that very clearly. And
7 1can remember the da y we met.
[ ] when 1 first learned to ride
my bike. 8 1only have a very memory of my grandfather. He died when 1
was young.
B: [ ] Bet you can 't remember all
the kids from school.
A: No, 1 can 't [ ]. 1 can WRITING a personal story
remember a few [ ]. 1 guess
every day was pretty much the same at SA Complete the story with descriptive phrases a)-j).
school, so it's harder to remember.
B: Yeah, 1suppose 3_ _ __
The &weet &mell of c.hildhood
A: How about Ji m Bishop? [.- - - - There are 1_ _ _ srnells t.hat. 1 c.an aS&OC.iat.e wit.h m~ c.hildhood,
Remember him?
but. t.he rnost. int.ense of t.hese is surel~ m~ rnot.her 's perfume.
B: Yes, [ ] course 14_ _ __ She wore t.he same perfume for ~ears, and it.s z___ pervaded
A: [ ] Hear what happened to her c.lot.hes, her jeweller~ and rnuc.h of our home.
him?
We lived in a flat. above a shop overlookins t.he Hish St.reet.
B: No. What [ ]? when 1 was srowins up. The 3_ _ _ and t.he pungent. diesel
A: [ ] Met a girl from Mongolia, srnells frorn t.he engines of old double-dec.ker buses would
fell in love, and moved 5 to 4
_ _ _ , c.hokins out. t.he fresh air. Ma~be it. was bec.ause
live with her. of t.his t.hat. m~ rnot.her, a lad~ of t.he shct.ies, a flower c.hild,
B: You're joking! kept. slass soldfish bowls filled wit.h dried flowers and pot.
A: No, l'm 6 ]. ~ourri around t.he house. Wit.h t.heir delic.at.e rose pdals and
[ ] Absolutely serious. - - - ' t.he~ would add a sent.le perfume t.o t.he 6_ _ _ .
Havins spent. sorne time in Braz.il, m~ rnot.her had learnt. a
B Look at the conversation again and
t.ec.hnique for t.~ins headsc.arves t.ight.l~ around her head aft.er
add the words that were left out to the
washins her ha ir, in order t.o dr~ her hair 7_ _ _ • The ~ouns
spaces in the square brackets.
Braz.ilian wornen had shown her how t.o do it.. And t.hese sc.arves,
3A Cross out one extra word or add one 8_ _ _ , alwa~s held ont.o t.he sweet., into)(ic.at.ins srnell of her
missing word in each conversation. perfume. 1 kept. one when 1 moved t.o universit.~. 1 suppose it.
1 A: Having a good time? was a wa~ of t.akins a piec.e of home wit.h me, 9_ _ _ as
B: Not really so. 1 st.art.ed on t.his new advent.ure. Srnell c.an have an inc.redible
2 A: See you later. effec.t. on ~our rnood and in rnornents of insec.urit.~, 1 would
B: Yeah .. . see you on there.
10
t.o m~ nose and breat.he in t.he reassurins srnell of
horne.
3 A: You OK with that?
B: Yes, 1think.
4 A: Been here before? a) hold the silky scarf up f) musky, exotic smell
B: No, never do. b) hefty fumes from the traffic g) as straight as a sheet
S A: Think they'll come back soon? e) slightly unpleasant London air h) with their swirly paisley patterns
B: 1guess it's so. d) a number of different i) sweet-smelling lavender
6 A: Nearly have finished? e) creep in through my open j) to comfort me
bedroom window
B: No, l've still got lots to do.
B Write your own personal story for the competition (250-300 words).
B ® 8.3 Listen and check. Use the story above as a model.
11
VOCABULARY collocations
,,
with time
1 Underline the correct alternative.
W hen l'm in a rushlpushed/
crushed for time at work, 1
tell my boss, 'you can have it
done badly today or done well
tomorrow.' lt works for me!
2 When you have kids, you
never have time for itself/the
se/flyourse/f, so 1get up early
in the morning and read for
thirty minutes before the family
wakes up.
'3
1used to finish everything
with time to givelspare/relax,
but then 1ended up checking
it again and again. Now 1
,.
finish things just before my
deadlines.
My favourite way to pass/use/
overcome the time when l'm
bored is to hang out with an
amusing friend of mine. When
he's around, time always flies
because l'm laughing so much.
'S
1finish everything complete/y/
nearly/just in time. 1find that
,.
the adrenalin of a mini-panic
keeps me sharp.
lf you ever have time on
your hands/mind/day in my
profession, you should tell no
one. Go sit in a dark room,
breathe deeply and enjoy it.
'7 When under pressure, 1go for
a swim . In the water, 1feel as if
1have all the time in the doy!
world/life.
FUNCTION discussing ideas
2A Read the conversations about wasting time. Find and correct two
mistakes in each conversation.
A: 1hate being put on hold when you try to phone a company.
B: 1know how you mean.
A: They should call you back instead of wasting your time.
'
B: Yes, but looking at another way, you could end up waiting for days.
2 A: Ad breaks during TV programmes are the biggest waste of time.
B: That's truly.
A : They should ha ve alternative versions that don 't have the ads.
B: Yeah. Minding you, that's how TV companies make their money.
3 A: In many companies, meetings are a complete waste of time.
'
B: No and yes. lt depends who's running them and what they are for.
A: In my company, we have meetings about having meetings. Everything
could be done faster and more efficiently by email.
B: That's often the case in my company, too. Although having told that, 1
think it's better to discuss some things face-to-face.
4 A: 1hate going through airport security. lt's such a waste of time taking
off your shoes and everything.
B: l'm much with you there. lt's a real drag.
A: They should just give everyone a full body X-ray.
B: That's a good idea. That makes the perfect sense.
B ® 8.4 Listen and check.
'
3 Read the statement below. Put the underlined words in the correct
order to complete the responses.
' Social networking sites are a waste of time. People should
'
focus on real friendships. '
1 at 1 wa't. 1 looking 1 another 1 it 1 but, don 't you think they're a good
way to meet people?
2 that 1 said 1 having, those sites are fun!
'
3 't.OU 1 mind, they're great if you have friends all over the world .
4 hand 1 the 1 on 1 other, social networking sites allow us to keep in touch
'
with real friends.
S that 1 thought 1 11 of 1 never. l'm on Facebook four hours a day.
6 mean 1 11 what 1 know 1 't.OU. 1waste loads of time on those sites.
LEARNTO solicit more information
4 Add or delete a word to correct the expressions in italics.
So, that's all for now. /s anything we've missed?
2 That's a very interesting idea. Can you go into the more detail?
3 These are all good ideas. What of e/se?
4 Thanks, Jack. Anyone managed to come up any other ideas?
S 1like the basic proposition. Can you te// to us more?
11
REVIEW ANO CHECK 4: UNITS 7-8
GRAMMAR cleft sentences
1 Read the review. Sorne lines have an extra word. Tick the corred
lines and write the extra words.
Lush Life is about a murder in New York and the subsequent
investigation. Though much of it the focus is on Matty, the
investigating officer, it's to a restaurant manager and aspiring
writer called Eric who is the conscience of the novel. He
witnesses the murder. What he doesn 't realise is so that the
police suspect him .
The book is full of brilliant set-pieces. The one that sticks in
the memory is the funeral procession. lt's what the details that
make the scene so good- the victim's half-crazy father, the
band playing jazz, the 'jungle of cables and cameras'.
What that 1like about the book is the dialogue. lt's fast,
slangy, and streetwise. Besides this, the thing that something
strikes you is the realism. The author obviously knows the
worlds of the police and the bad guys intimately. All but you
can do is admire the prose and go with the relentless pace.
Of something that didn't surprise me is that the author,
Richard Price, w rites screenplays and TV dramas such as
The Wire . The dialogue and visual imagery that are stunning.
VOCABULARY review
2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first. Use the word given.
1 The es€:aped prisoner stayed with us until it was safe.
REFUGE
The escaped prisoner _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 We decided to try to escape.
BREAK
We decided to make - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
3 OK, everyone, relax and get your breath back.
BREATHER
OK, everyone, relax and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 l'm going to go wild at this party!
HA IR
l'm going to let - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
S 1find it hard to stop focusing on work in the evenings.
SWITCH
1find it hard to - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
6 1 need to be distracted from all these worries.
MINO
1 need
to take my - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
7 You should learn to relax.
EASY
You should learn to - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
8 You can gamble with your money, not mine!
RISKS
Youcan _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
GRAMMAR participle clauses
3 Underline the corred alternatives.
1
Having eaten / Eaten dinner in Beethoven 's,
one of San Francisco's more expensive
_.!_ restaurants, US Treasury Secretary Michael
2 __it_ Blumenthal asked to pay the bill. 2Tellingl
3 Told that his Visa card had expired , he paid by
cheque. The waiter, 3realising not/ not realising
4
who he was dealing with , asked for proof of
S Blumenthal's signature. 4 Not having/ Having
6 any ID on him, Blumenthal produced a dollar
bill , 5told/ telling the waiter that, as Treasury
7
Secretary, his signature was in the bottom
8 corner of the bill. Suitably 6embarrassed/
9 embarrassing, the waiter accepted the cheque.
10 President Bill Clinton, 7made/ having made a
quick visit to Dolly's Books in Utah , wanted
11
to pay his bill. After 8handing/ handed over
12 his American Expres·s credit card , he waited
13 patiently, only to be told it had expired the
14 day before . He paid the $62.66 in cash . A
similar thing happened to ex-Prime Minister
IS
of Great Britain, Margaret Thatcher. 9Having
16 been attempting/ Attempting to pay for so me
17 groceries, she was surprised to be told that
her cheque (unsupported by a guarantee
18
card) had been rejected . 10Aterting/ Alerted to
the fact that the cashier couldn't override the
system for anyone, Mrs Thatcher tore up the
cheque and paid in cash .
VOCABULARY PLUS affixation
- suffixes
4 Underline the incorrect word in each ·
sentence and add a suffix to corred it.
The thing we like about text messaging is
its immediate. immediacy
2 1don 't find his arguments particularly
persuade.
3 A lot of those films tend to glory violence.
4 Lonely is not something that only affects
the old .
S Suffering from exhaust, she finally gave up.
6 The oldest of the siblings, he was always
the dominate one.
7 Much to my embarrass, 1turned up on
the wrong day.
8 His reappear in London sparked all kinds
of debate.
9 We need to strong our domestic policies
before the election.
1O She was deep committed to social justice.
11 From an early age he'd wanted to become
a music.
12 lt will cost millions to modern the building.
 REVIEW ANO CHECK 4: UNITS 7-8

FUNCTION exchanging opinions GRAMMAR future in the past

S Put the underlined words in the correct order to complete the 7 Write one word in each gap to
conversations. complete the text.
A: 1think mobile phones should be banned!
B: 1oh 1 yo u 1 joking 1 be 1 come 1 must 1 on. Why?
A: Because they cause brain cancer. 1read it.

.EVE.
B: 2that's 1 think 1 honestly 1 can't 1 you 1 true.
2 A: 1think recycling should be made compulsory.

-·
B: 3more 1 11 agree 1 couldn't.
A: And if you don't do it, you go to prison!
B: 4 ridiculous 1 oh 1 that's!
3 A: 1think teachers and nurses should be paid more than politicians.
B: 5
1ogic 1 in 1 the 1 that 1 where's? The country would go bankrupt.
'1111'11111 .....
A: Because their work is just as important.
B: 6you 've 1 a 1 suppose 1 point 1 11 got, but it wouldn't work in practice. Universal Studios was about
1_ _ _ begin filming a crucial
4 A: 1think all business and political leaders should be women.
7 that scene in f. T. the fxtra-Terrestriol.
B: 1 can 1 how 1 say 1 you? Some men are wonderfulleaders.
Elliott, the little boy, 2_ _
A: War would almost disappear. The world would be better.
going to use sweets to lure E.T.
B: 8 me 1 to 1 doesn't 1 just 1 it 1 sense 1 make. into his house. The studio called
S A: 1think cars should be banned from city centres. Mars, lnc. about an opportunity
B: Absolutely! 9that 1 you 1 l'm 1 on 1 with 1 100 percent. for some product placement. They
planned to use M&Ms - a brand
A: This will reduce pollution and traffic congestion.
of chocolate sweets- as E.T.'s
B: 10 right 1 absolutely 1 that's. bait, in return for which Mars,
6 A: 1think all workers should evaluate their bosses. lnc. was 3 _ _ _ pay a fee or do
B: 11
up 1 a 1 11 point 1 to 1 agree 1 you 1 with. some promotional work for the
A: And if the bosses fail their evaluation, they should be sacked. film. The studio 4_ _ hoping to
12practical use M&Ms because of their bright
B: 1 that's 1 you 1 surely 1 think 1 don't?
colours. Rumour has it that Mars,
lnc. was going 5_ _ _ accept
the deal, but then said no. One
VOCABULARY review 2
theory for the turnaround is that
6 Add the missing letters to complete thejokes. a Mars, lnc. executive believed
that no one 6 _ _ _ want to
An old man finds that he ·has time on his 1h _ _ _ _ so he watch a film about an alíen being
starts meeting a childhood friend every day to talk about their adopted by a child . Whatever the
2ea _ _ _ _ st memories. '1 know we've been friends for eighty
reason. Universal Studios turned
years, and when 1 see you it 3br _ _ _ _ back a lot of memories,
to Mars, lnc.'s rival. the Hershey
but 1 can't remember your name.' His friend glares at him. Five
mirmtes pass and the friend is still glarirlg. Finally he says, 'How Foods Corporation. Hershey's
soon do you need to know?' chose to use its little-known
sweets Reese's Pieces. Although
A couple brings their new baby home. The wife asks the husband to try 7_ _ required to paya fee, the
cha nging the nappy. 'l'm a bit 4 p ____ d for time. 1'11 do the next one,' company was 8_ _ _ spend
he says. The next time the baby's nappy needs changing, she's on the $1 million on advertising the film,
5 v ____ ofdoing itwhen she stopsand saysto her husband. '1 in return for which they could use
distinctly 6 r ______ r yo u saying you'd do it the next time'. He E.T. in advertising Reese's Pieces.
says, '1 didn't mean the next nappy. 1meant the next baby.' What was to 9 _ _ _ been a nice
little deal on a promising film
h 1 7h z recollections of turned out to be an astonishing
An old couple are fmding that theyHave ontyhey should write everything
h · · doctor e says coup. Sales of Reese's Pieces
recent events so t ey v!Slt a . 8 h quietly at home and she
shot through the roof and f. T. the
clown. One day they are pass~ng ,; ,e t-; ~~me 'he says. 'Sorne ice
fxtro-Terrestrio/ 10_ _ _ go on to
says, 'I'd love sorne strawb,er~es. I ~8~ fhe replie~. 'And would you
cream would be nice, too: s e saysul.d be' ~onderful , she agrees, 'but make $800 million and become
top;>' Thatwo ' . I'T ty one of the best-known films of
like some cream ?n. . ;>"Nol I can remember three thmgs. wen
shouldn't you wnte lt ~~wn. ~ to o to the kitchen when he returns all time.
minutes pass, and she s dab - Sh 1g ks at the plate for a moment and
with a plate ofbacon an ~ggs. e oo
says, 'You forgot my toast.
REVIEW ANO CHECK 4: UNITS 7-8

VOCABULARY PLUS proverbs and sayings FUNCTION discussing ideas

8 Match A, B and C to make twelve proverbs and sayings. 1O Underline the correct alternatives.
A B e
Actions a) the heart i) a thousand words.
ii) than sorry.
'You should try taking walks,' said
2 A picture b) a book
Jackson.
3 Rome wasn 't e) is worth iii) out of mind .
4 Better d) nothing iv) heart is. 'That's lthe!a good idea. I never
thought 2of!about that.' Peters shufflecl
S Absence makes e) built v) preach.
in bis chair, a faraway look in bis eye.
6 Practice f) safe vi) in a day.
Jackson continued. 'Having 3toldl
7 Nothing ventured, g) sight, vii) like home.
said that, don't walk too far. The idea
8 Don'tjudge h) makes viii) perfect.
is to get your brain working again, not
9 There's no i) place ~ix) than words. your legs.'
10 Outof j) speak louder x) by its cover.
'That makes perfect sense,' repliecl
11 Home is k) what you xi) gained. Peters. 'I'm 4with/for you there. Tell me
12 Practise 1) where the xii) grow fonder something,' he saicl, leaning forwarcl .
'Have you suffered from writer's block,
too?'
Jackson eyed him like a hawk eyes
GRAMMAR ellipsis and substitution
its prey.
9 Choose the correct option to complete the conversations. 'I clon't believe it exists. 5Mindingl
A: Do you think you'll get that job? Mind.you, yours is nota special case. I
B: 1expect get people coming in here all the time
a) yes b) not e) so d) 1'11 whining about how they are 'blocked'.
2 A: Remember Michael, from school?
The truth is, they are only amateurs .'
B: Yes,l 'But looking 6at!for it another way,
a) will b) can e) am d) do do you not think they are just lacking
in inspiration?'
3 A: Lots of people at the conference this year?
B: No, not Jackson lookecl at Peters again.
'lnspiration?'
a) many b) any e) much d) lot
4 A: Was your hard drive damaged? 'Inspiration.'
B: 1 hope 'Do you mean like someone in your
a) no b) didn 't e) not d) it head, giving you ideas?'
S A: Would you like to sample this drink? 'Yes and no,' said Peters. 'Um, yes, I
B: No thanks, but 1'11 try that mean ideas. Ways of fincling ideas. Or
a) ones b) one e) for d) here on the 7one/other hand, chances to be
6 A: Did you go to the concert yesterday? creative, to use the imagination.'
B: Yes, but 1wish 1 'I know 8that/what you mean,
a) didn't b) won't e) not d) hadn't Peters, but I'm from a clifferent age. In
my day, you simply got things clone or
7 A: l'm not sure the Joneses eat meat.
your family dicln't eat. Now go and take
B: We can cook fish if they your walk.'
a) won't b) haven 't e) don't d) didn't
8 A: You look tired. Why don 't you go to bed?
B: Once 1finish this report, 1
a) will b) do e) did d) can ~ t

9 A: Can you and Heba come over for dinner?

B: We'd love
a) some b) coming e) come d) to
10 A: Don 't talk to strangers when you're there.
B: Don 't worry, we
a) aren't b) won 't e) shouldn 't d) don't

111
 TEST 4: UNITS 7-8

TEST
Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. 16 We will remember their sacrifices in years to
1 you don't know about can't hurt you.
a) lf b) What e) That a) go b) be e) come
2 was the butler, not the heiress, who killed 17 1 remember that holiday
him . a) powerfully b) vividly e) strongly
a) lt b) There e) This 18 We got to Copenhagen with time to
3 What you do next up to you . a) save b) go e) spare
a) there's b) that's e) is 19 You were to be here at 7.00.
4 We hatched an plan that couldn 't fail. a) supposed b) meaning e) verging
a) escape b) escaped e) escaping 20 He was on the of a great medica!
5 Old age hasn 't made us slow at al l. breakthrough.
a) down b) to e) much a) time b) moment e) verge
6 1wish you would take easy! 21 After revitalising TechGen, he later
a) you b) this e) it become CEO.
7 Having the song, he immediately called a) was b) would e) is
the band. 22 1 was to call you!
a) been heard b) hearing e) heard a) nearly b) about e) almost •
8 been a pilot, he knew all about planes. 23 Don 't judge a book by its
a) After b) Had e) Having a) cover b) promotion e) author
9 the city on horseback, they were greeted 24 Actions louder than words.
like kings. a) are b) talk e) speak
a) Entering b) Enter e) Entered 25 Will they leave tonight? 1doubt
10 to radiation , he knew he had little time a) not b) so e) it
left.
26 You asked if 1 always do my best. 1 try
a) Having exposed b) Exposed e) Exposing
a) it b) to e) so
11 We couldn 't believe the of the man.
27 Will 1 be fired? 1 hope
a) stupidly b) stupid e) stupidity
a) it isn 't b) not e) that
12 He saw a woman acting so he stopped
28 He's strong. you , he's not very fast.
her.
a) Know b) Listen e) Mind
a) suspect b) suspiciously e) suspicious
29 llike meat. said that, 1 don 't eat it often.
13 1 agree with you toa point.
a) Having b) After e) But
a) up b) far e) through
30 He's old, but looking at it another , he's
14 None of his arguments sense tome.
experienced.
a) made b) took e) meant
a) light b) time e) way
15 1suppose you 've gota , but l'm not sure.
a) thought b) logic e) point

/30 1
9.1 INSPIRATION

VOCABULARY adjectives GRAMMAR verb tenses for unreal situations

1A Add the missing letters to complete 2 Complete the text with the words in the box.
the adjectives in questions 1-12.
about as did had rather supposing
1 Which Dutch artist's work was unpopular
though time wanted was
in his lifetime, but is now so w _ _ _-
r_ _ _ _v_d that it se lis for millions?
2 Whose sL _k_ __g 19th-century statue
is called The Thinker?
3 Which unc _ _v_ _ _ _ _ _al
Living~; ~tatues
20th-century Spanish artist was known Imagine you 1 to stand stock still all day in 90 degree heat, with
for his brilliant paintings and long, curled pigeons pecking at your feet and small children poking you. And then
2 you did it while wearing full-body make-up and a Charlie Chaplin
moustache?
suit. Being a living statue cannot be the easiest job in the world. What's more, the
4 Which 2009 film, described by one critic
people under the masks are misunderstood souls.
as 'ov_ _ r_ _ _ d', broke all box office
records? 'It's 3 people realised this is a form of street theatre,' says Zach
Demetri, who plies his trade as a living statue in Los Angeles. 'It dates from
5 Which off_ _ _ t actor has played a
centuries ago.'
pirate, a chocolate factory owner and a
man who has scissors instead of hands? I ask him, 'What are the biggest annoyances?'
'Well, I'd 4_ _ _ _ kids didn't come up and hit me to see if I'm real. And so me
6 Which actress won an Osear playing a
people treat me 5 if I was a dog but, hey, it comes with the territory.
boy and then won another one five years
I'd sooner they 6 that than ignored me. And as long as they put sorne
later for her poi _ _ _ nt performance as
money in the hat, it's fine.'
a doomed boxer?
Raul Castaneda, a half-English, half-Spanish living statue who works on Las
7 Which English band, formed in 1962, has
Ramblas, Barcelona, says, 'The main problem is your friends and family. They're
released over 100 singles and performed always saying, 'Isn't it 7 time you gota proper job?' Well, yeah, I wish
a sL _ _ _ ng concert, completely I8 on Broadway acting with Kevin Spacey and Al Pacino, but it hasn't
free, to 1.5 million people on Copacabana happened yet and !'ve got to eat.'
Beach, Rio de Janeiro in 2006?
I meet another living statue, Paulina Robards, better known as The White Angel,
8 Which iconic Jamaican singer wrote from Camden, London and ask, 'What if I 9 to do your job, what advice
th _ _ _ ht-pr_ _ _ k_ ng songs about would you give me?'
social issues and died at thirty-six? 'Find a character you lave, study make-up and costume, choose a pose you can
9 Which Colombian singer sings in hold easily, and learn to control your breathing. It's notas 10 you
English and Spanish and has sold an have to do much while you're in character, but you need to be in a cal m mental
im_ _ _ _ _ _ ve 50 million albums? state. Almost Zen.'
1O What c_m _ _ ll_ng 2003 thriller by
Dan Brown uses the name of an ltalian 3 Write sentences that have a similar meaning to 1-8. Use the phrases
Renaissance genius in its title?
in the box and your own words.
1 1 Who wrote the bl _ _ k trilogy The Girl
with the Dragan Tattoo , The Girl who Played about time 1 as if she high time they if he imagine
with Fire and The Gir/ who Kicked the rather supposing we wish 1
Homet's Nest?
Going to the Manet exhibition would be better for me .
12 Which eh _ _ _ _ ng doctor in Robert
Louis Stevenson 's story of 1886 turns into
a monstrous murderer at night? 2 llove that painting, but l'm not rich enough to buy it.

B Match the questions with the answers

in the box.
3 You would think he was a famous artist, the way he acts.

Shakira Avatar The Da Vinci Code

4 She looks exhausted. 1 don't think she slept at alllast night.
Hilary Swank Auguste Rodin
Salvador Dalí Bob Marley Johnny Depp
Vincent van Gogh The Rolling Stones 5 · lf we borrowed his car, would he mind?
Stieg Larsson Dr Jekyll
6 This computer's ancient. 1 should buy myself a new one.
e ® 9.1 Listen and check.
7 Picture this: you have twenty-four hours to live. What would you do?

8 The authorities should fix this road. lt's been like this for months.
 VOCABULARY PLUS three-part multi-word
verbs
S Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first. Use the correct tense of the verb given.
1 We'll catch you and then we'll punish you!
GET
You won't _ _ _ _ _ ___ this!
2 Few people fight back against her. She has all the power.
STAND
Few people _ _ _ _ _ ___ her.
3 We weren 't able to think of any good ideas.
COME
We failed to _ _ _ _ _ __ _ any good ideas.
4 The blame lies with the government.
PUT
This has to be _ _ _ _ __ __ government
incompetence.
S l'd rather support her idea than risk another argument.
LISTENING GO
l'd rather _ _ _ _ ____ her idea than risk another
4A Look at the photos. Why do you think people find
argument.
them inspiring?
6 lt'll be great to hear all Jaya's news.
B ®9.2 Listen to two discussions, one about each CATCH
photo. As you listen, complete the notes.
l'm looking foward to _ __ _ _ _ _ _ with Jaya.
"PV!oto
1.. _ _ _ _IIUIIIMMIIIIIII.IMUI _ _ _ IIII
_ _ _ _ _, _ f _ I Q..IIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 7 l've been busy, but 1hope to read your work this weekend.
Peo-pLe: Muhammad Ali and Sonny Listan, GET
US boxers 1'11 try to _ _ _ _ _ __ _ reading your work this
sve ~~~vt: world title fight (for Heavyweight Championship weekend .
of the World) 8 lf you believe in something, you must say so.
yecn. : STAND
w~ ~~~v~~~ve r-: You must what you believe in .
"B.acR.gr-o~-<.~~~v~ to tVIe stor-¡j: In their first fight, ... 9 lt was years before the CIA realised what he was doing.
CATCH
The CIA didn 't _ _ __ _ _ _ _ what he was doing
fo r years.
1O How on earth do yo u tolerate all that noise?
PUT
"P11oto :2. How do you _ _ _ _ __ _ _ all that noise?
Peo-pLe: Bobby Moore and Pelé, English and 1 1 She's never really done outdoor sports like tennis or
Brazilian footballers athletics.
s vell\,t : GO
yea r. She's never _ _ _ _ __ _ _ outdoor sports like
w~ ll\,~r-: tennis or athletics.
"B.ac~m~-tll\,cl to t VIe .stoytj : The photographer, john 12 Profits are the most important factor.
Varley, almost ... COME
WVIc;~t Vlc;~-p-pe~ j ~-<.St befo r-e tVIe -p~ct~-<.r-e wc;~s taR.e~~~v: lt all _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ profits.

6A ®
9 .3 Listen to the answers. ls the stress on the
second or third word in multi-word verbs?
'You won 't get away with this.' The stress in on 'away'.

e Listen again to check. B Listen again and repeat the multi-word verbs only.
VOCABULARY ideas
1 Match 1-10 with a)-j) to complete phrases
about ideas.
1 Why don't we brainstorm . . .
2 We were toying .. .
3 What gave yo u . . .
4 The idea for the song carne ...
5 We've hit . ..
6 Whose bright idea . . .
7 He's an absolute genius, always . ..
8 1don 't know why, but it seemed like . ..
9 lt's so hard to come up with original ideas . ..
1O 1can't believe we went along with such a . . .
a) the idea of writing about your dog?
b) on a new idea for a product.
3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning
to the first. Use the word given.
1 In all honesty, 1simply can 't tell them apart.
HONESTLY
2 We have a chance to see Harry's cousins every now and again .
WHILE
Once ___________________________________________
3 We offered to help when we saw that the old lady couldn't cope
alone.
HERSELF
We ________________________________~----------
4 lt was probably my own fault.
PROBABILITY
In _____________________________________________
5 She opened the suspicious package with great care .

e) coming up with novel ideas. CAUTIOUSLY

She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
d) a good idea at the time.
e) ridiculous idea. 6 Let's postpone the whole thing until everyone feels better.

f) to me when 1was out walking the dog. RECOVERED

g) sorne ideas and see where that takes us? Let's - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

h) which haven't been thought of before.
i) was it to ask my mother-in-law to stay?
j) with the idea of going to Greece, but the flights
are too expensive.
GRAMMAR adverbials
READING
4A Read the interview with New York artist Rosa Rodriguez.
Match the questions below with her answers.
Who inspired you most along your journey, and why?
Can you tell us a little bit about a normal day in your life?

2 Complete the sentences with the words/ What inspired you to take the path of an artist?
phrases in the box. What advice would you give to young artists out there?

quite pt5ssibly all in all as far as

enough for the entire duration
in order to likelihood once a fortnight fiOsA RODRIGUEZ: 'FINO YOUR PASSION'
presumably reluctantly I came across the blog of New York artist Rosa Hodriguez earlier
this year and instantly felt a connection. Rosa is living the artist's
The evening event will quite possibly carry on dream of making a living from her art. 1_ I asked her if I could do
until after midnight. an interview, and was delighted when she said 'yes'. So, here are my
2 Strangely , despite the appalling questions and her answers.
weather, the holiday was a great success.
3 _ _ _ _ , we were pleased to ha ve had the
opportunity to express our opinions.
4 We were asked to come early, _ _ __
because there had been sorne kind of problem .
5 We were only invited help boost
the number of guests.
6 , she agreed to answer the
interviewer's more personal questions.
7 Having slept of the film, he wasn't
really in a position to comment.
8 In all , we are headed for war.
9 The committee meet _ _ _ _ to discuss any
issues which arise.
1O They'd travelled _ _ _ _ they could go
without asking for help.
B Read the text again. One sentence has been removed from each
WRITING a review
paragraph. Match sentences A-F with gaps 1-5. There is one extra
sentence. SA Complete the review with sentences
A 1 can't
look at another piece of artwork without taking something from it, a)-d).
something about the use of colour, the shapes, the expression. 14th September
B There was such a vibrancy to the place, that 1 fell in le ve with it.
C Afternoons are usually taken up with visits to galleries or meetings with A breath of blue at
o rganisers and e mails. the Miró retrospective
D Sleep more- people don 't usually get enough sleep, and that saps their
creative energy.
The Joan Miró exhibition crt the Tate
E She also has a mission to inspire others to find their creative talent. Modern in London is the first majar
F Sometimes you have to wo rk really hard to get recognition, and it takes retrospective here for nearly fifty
time. years . 1_ __
Working in a rich variety of sty les,
C Complete the sentences with words/phrases from the text.
Miró was both a painter and a
He moved to Tuscany to paint. He's really l_ __ the 's
sculptor, and the exhibition offers
d _ _ . (paragraph 1)
the opportunity to view more than
2 She sat in the docto r's surgery, idly {_ _ _ th rough the magazines.
150 paintings, drawings, sculptures
(paragraph 2)
and prints taken from over six
3 We were so excited when we g5-- - the eh _ __ to meet the band decades of his lite. 2_ __
backstage. (paragraph 2)
As we travel through each
4 1' 11 see yo u here at twelve n_ __ . (paragraph S)
d ecade, we become witness to

~ --------------
the struggle that Miró experienced
during dictcrtorship rule, which h e
communiccrtes so powerfully in his
Well, when 1 was fifteen years old, 1 got the chance to cometo New York paintings. 3_ _
for an acting competition. Every evening after the competition, 1 would
wander around the city trying to find somewh ere to eat. 2_ lt was so loud, The exhibition is spectacular,
and sca ry, and dirty, and unpredictable, and 1 was justa young girl from informative and quite sirnply
Illinois, walking the streets ofNew York. 1 remember thinking to myself b reath-taking. Prepare to be
'One day I'm going to live here.' shocked, appalled, moved and
then cornforted . As Miró once said
Back at school, flipping through art magazines during art classes, I noticed
himself, 'M y ncrture is actually

J
they were full of New York artists. So, I made the connection, 'Art = N ew
York', and that was the beginning.

Q2: - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - -- - - - - - - -
pessimistic. When I work, I want to
escape this pessirnism. ' 4 _ __

There are too many people to mentían , really. 1 am inspired every day by a) The works take us on an
the people l meet, the people r see 011 stree t corners, the people cleaning .ex traordirmry journey, allowirlg
the trash. Forme, inspiration is everywhere. You just have to be open to it. us to apprecicrte the artist's own
I guess, professionally, I've been inspired by many other artists. 3_ Ancl the intellectual, political and artistic
people who en joy the work that Ido- they are a huge inspiration tome. If d evelopments.
someone appreciates what you do, it gives you a good reason to carry on .
b) We might have thought thcrt we
Q3: - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -- - --- already knew Miró the painter, but
r get up early, around five. r love the peace at that time of day, and it's m oving through the galleries, we
when I'm at my most productive. I make tea and sit in my studio with realise thcrt whcrt we knew merely
the windows open. You can hear th e birds, an d the sounds of a few early touches the surface.
starters beginning their da y. This is a good time forme to paint, or work
e) He does, and he takes us with him,
on ideas. I'm fresh and energised, excited about the day. I work most of the
morning, only stopping for more tea. By noon, I'm hungry so I have lunch beautifully'
wi th my husband. 4_ That's the office work. By the evening, I'm usually
d) Ren owned as one of the grecrtest
ti red, so we'll stay in , eat good food and relax.
Surrealist painters, Miró fills his
paintings with bold figurative
Q4: - -- - - - - -- - -- -- -- - - - - - -- --- shapes and exuberant colour.
Find your passion, and follow it. If you do something with passion, then
you will succeed at it sooner or later. So, don't give up. 5_ Remember,
if yo u want to make money out of your art, then you have to look at itas B Write a review for an exhibition or
a business too. Creating art, you can do what you want, but to sell it, you show (200-250 words) . Use the review
might need to take advice from others. above as a model and your own words.

11
 FUNCTION ranting/raving VOCABULARY express yourself
1 A Beth and Mike are completing a questionnaire. 3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
Correct the mistakes in the underlined phrases/
1 crave fly mind rant rave speak
sentences.
Beth: OK, Mike. Here's the first question. What's your Do you try to hide your feelings or do you let them
favourite film? _____ ?
Mike: Groundhog Doy is one of my favourites. 1t's all time
1

2 This blog is a great place to about things that

classic. frustrate you.
Beth: What about your last holiday? Where did you go? 3 l've had enough of him coming home late. l'm going to
Mike: 1went to Turkey with my girlfriend. 2 1t was an idyllic. give him a piece of my when he gets home.
Beth: What's the best concert you've ever been to? 4 1want to travel the world, learn a new language, a new
Mike: 1 went to see Metallica in Moscow. 3That
was one the culture. 1 a fresh perspective.
most incredible concerts l've ever been to. 5 Community leaders their mind about projects
Beth: OK, so what was the last exhibition or gallery yo u which affect their communities.
went to? 6 She did nothing but about the new restaurant
Mike: 1went toa contemporary art exhibition in Barcelona and how exquisite the food was.
recently. 4 1t was the total waste of money. 1 paid
twenty euros for the ticket, but there were hardly any
paintings to see. 5 1f there's one thing 1don 't stand, it 's LEARNTO use comment adverbials
paying lots of money for a ticket to something, and
then finding out it wasn't worth it.
4A Add the missing letters to complete the words.
lt wasn't exactly difficult. We b_s_c_lly played the
Beth: Hmm .. . contemporary art's not my style anyway.
6 1t's not my cup of juice at al l. What about food? Can same tunes every night.
you tell me about one of the worst meals you 've ever 2 She h_n_stl_ believed that she could make life better
eaten? for them by being at home.
Mike: That was something 1cooked last week. 1was 3 He is _nd __ bt_dl_ talented.
experimenting but it went wrong. My girlfriend was 4 l'd c_mpl_t_l_ underestimated his ability.
very polite, but 7 it was awful absolutely. 5 We s_mpl_ cannot just sit here and do nothing!
Beth: Oh dear. And lastly, what's something that really 6 S_rpr_s_ngl_ , they didn't wake anyone up when they
annoys you? came back in the middle of the night.
Mike: Annoys me? 81t stands me up the wall when people 7 lt was a t_t_ll_ unexpected outcome. We had no idea.
chew gum. 1 hate it.
8 We're _ncr_d_bl_ honoured to be able to introduce
B ® 9.4 Listen and check. you to Professor Kubermann .

2 Put the words in order to complete the responses. B Choose one of the prompts and make a suitable
1 A: Did you enjoy the film? adverbial to complete the sentences.
B: of 1 was 1 time 1 it 1 waste 1 a 1 total 1 complete 1 surprise
No, ___________________________________ We understand . lt's really not your fault.
2 A: Don't you just love Charlie Chaplin? 2 incredible 1 simple
B: an 1 classic 1 all 1 he 's 1 time 1 couldn't have managed without your help.
Yes, ___________________________________ 3 doubt 1 complete
3 A: What do you think of this one? He won the competition. His entry was _____ the best.
B: at 1 my 1 of 1 cup 1 it 's 1 all 1 not 1 tea 4 incredible 1 honest
Oh no, ________________________________ We were pleased with the results, which were
even better than expected.
4 A: Do you like their new album?
5 honest 1 surpise
B: absolutely 1 1 /awfu l 1 it's 1 think
No, ___________________________________ We were _____ as surprised as you about it!
6 basic 1 incredible
5 A: Did you enjoy Sardinia?
He didn't have a clue asto what he was
B: think 1 the 1 of 1 ever 1 places 1 it's 1 l've / incredible 1
supposed to be doing.
been 1 11one 1 most
Yes, ___________________________________ 7 surprise 1 total
___ _ _ agree with you. There is no doubt in my mind.
6 A: Unfortunately, we got lost on the way there, and
arrived nearly an hour late. 8 honest 1 surprise
B: getting 1 worse 1 there's 1 lost 1 than 1 nothing _____ they didn 't even ask for any more money, as
we'd expected them to.
Oh dear, -----------------------------
11
10.1 HORIZONS

VOCABULARY collocations LISTENING

1A Choose the correct alternative. 2A ® 10.1 Listen to the description of three amazingjourneys. Make
More than 9,000 passengers were notes in the table as you listen.
he/d up !he/d down o ver the
weekend at Chengdu Shuangliu
lnternational Airport due to rain storms.
2 He has a compulsion!an obsession with
shoes. He must have more than fifty pairs
in his room .
3 In the late summer, more than a million
wildebeest migrate on this epic/gigantic
journey from Tanzania to the Maasai Mara
in Kenya.
4 lt's a wonderful article about coping with
the expanses!depths of depression.
S He didn 't feel the full effects of the
physical/body privations he had suffered as
a prisoner until after they were over.
6 The family were modest/humbled by
the kindness shown to them after the
accident.
7 Have-a-go hero Martin Richardson
battered the gun-wie/dinglgun-swinging
robber to the floor using a chair.

B Complete the sentences with the words

in the box.

held obsession depths epic

privations gun-wielding humbled na me where from/to? how? why?

l've been genuinely by the

Greg Parm ley
response to the album. lt's very flattering.
2 From Madrid to Beijing? That's quite an
_ _ _ _ journey! Pet er Moore

3 Unfortunately, Jim struggles to deal with

the of his depression. Sa rah Outen
4 l'm so sorry we're late. We were
_ _ _ _ up for ages at immigration.
S The hotel owner single-handedly managed B Listen again and complete the sentences.
to fight off three gangsters. Greg Parmley planned to visit more music festival s in _ _ _ _ days
than anyone had ever done before.
6 She's got an with trying to be
perfect all the time. 2 He planned to travel over _ _ _ _ miles and visit _ _ __
7 In sorne ways the physical _ _ __ countries.
weren't the hardest thing they had to deal 3 Peter Mo ore planned to travel from London to _ _ _ _ without
with.
4 His main motivation for the journey was to 'blow his mind and
_ _ _ _ his life'.
S Sarah Outen plans to travel around the world using only _ _ __
power.
6 Her trip has an educational purpose; she wants to inspire young people
to learn more about their _ _ __

3 What can you remember? Answer the questions.

1 What are Greg Parmley's two passions?
2 What did Peter Moore get in trouble for when he was at school?
3 How will the children be able to keep in touch with Sarah?
10.1

GRAMMAR inversion VOCABULARY PLUS synonyms

4 Match 1-6 with a)-f) to make sentences. 6A Match words 1-6 with synonyms a)-f).
No sooner had he fínished talking about her .. . gripping
2 Never befo re have 1... 2 highlight
3 Not only do 1love classical music, . .. 3 embark on
4 Not until they had reached the hotel, ... 4 bug
S Had he understood the full complexity of the S master
situation , ... 6 journey
6 At no point did we even ...
a) stress; accentuate
a) but 1 sing in a choir. b) thrilling; exhilarating
b) than she walked in through the door. e) get the hang of; grasp
e) he would never have undertaken to do the job. d) trip; expedition
d) consider turning back. e) undertake; set off on
e) been so insulted. f) irritate; get on (someone's) nerves
f) did he remember to check the booking.
B Rewrite the sentences using synonyms for the words
5 Rewrite the sentences so the second sentence has a in bold.
similar meaning to the first. Start with the given word(s) 1 Hudleston embarked on his voyage to India in 1817.
and use inversion.
1 had never seen anything quite like it before.
NEVER
2 lt was an epic journey crossing three continents.

2 As soon as they had finished the meal, the waiter brought

3 l've been working at it for weeks, but 1just can't master it.
the bill and asked them to leave.
NO

4 lt was definitely the most thrilling scene in the whole film.

3 lf they nad bothered to check the weather forecast

befo re they left, they might have seen that storms were
predicted . S 1can't highlight enough how important it is to finish the ·
HAO project on time.

4 lt was only when they reached the tiny island that they 6 The sound of the builders next door is really beginning to
realised how basic things were. bug me.

NOTUNTIL

S We never even considered inviting our extended family,

as they don't get on at al l.
ATNO

6 Arriving late was not the only thing he did wrong; he also
forgot the ring!
NOTONLY
 10.2

VOCABULARY ambition GRAMMAR comparative structures

1 Choose the corred options to complete the text. 2 Tick the option that has a similar meaning to the
first sentence.
How (not) to leave your dream l'm nowhere near as strong as Tim .
job once it becomes a nightmare a) Ti m is infinitely stronger than me.

Actor Stephen Fry is renowned 1_ brilliant comic
performances in numerous TV programmes and films.
but in 1995, he was 2_ spotlight for a different
reason . Having shot 3_ fame in BBC's 'A Bit of Fry and
Laurie'. and now living every actor's dream - a starring
role in a West End play - he walked out of the show
after just three performances.
b) Ti m is a bit stronger than me.
2 The light is barely any better here than in the office.
a) lt's considerably brighter here than in the office.
b) The light is only slightly better here than in the office.
3 The exam was decidedly easier this year than last year.
a) lt was significantly easier this year than last year.

He wasn't the first star to have 4 _ an apprenticeship,
won the fame they'd 5 _ . and then found the dream
to be a nightmare. Seventy years earlier, a young Ernest
Hemingway, having paid 6_ as ajournalist and short
story writer, found himself tied in to a contract and
unable to change his publisher. So he wrote a book,
Torrents of Spring, which he knew was so bad that his
publisher would reject it.
For those 7_ becoming an opera star, here's a
cautionary tale: opera singer Roberto Alagna. 8 _
esteem by the classical music world, was booed at Milan's
La Scala while performing the opera 'Aida'. and walked
out of the production. His understudy took over for the
rest of the performance wearing street clothes.
Then there are the normal people in normaljobs who
end up leaving abnormally. Steven Slater, a flight
attendant. suddenly beca me the 9_ attention in 201 O
when he left his job by jumping out of the plane on a
slide. Fortunately, the plane was on the ground. YouTube
and 1\vitter helped him to become 10_ success as his
story zoomed around the internet.
b) lt was barely any easier this year than last year.
4 That car is nothing like as expensive as yours.
a) lt's every bit as expensive as yours.
b) lt's nowhere near as expensive as yours.
S The new version of the phone is miles better than the
old one.
a) The new phone is way better than the old one.
b) The new phone is just better than the old one.
6 lt's getting harder and harder to find affordable
housing.
a) lt's becoming much more difficult to find
affordable housing.
b) lt's marginally more difficult to find affordable
housing.
3A Look at the following statements about life-
changing events. Three are grammatically corred.
Which ones?
1 had a baby girl two months ago. Being a mother is
every wonderful as 1thought it would be.

And for those who 11 _ aspirations to become a bus 2 During a stressful time, 1 sat on the North Rim of
driver, don't follow William Cimillo's 1947 example. the Grand Canyon, watching the sun go down,
While on his daily route in The Bronx. New York, Cimillo and realised my troubles were nowhere bad as l'd
thought.
clearly hankered 12_ the open road. He took a detour
of 1,300 miles and ended up in Florida. After being 3 lt's becoming more difficult to find work in my area,
arrested for theft of the bus. he was asked why he'd so finally getting a job made a big difference.
done it. He replied , 'The New York traffic gets you . lt's 4 Losing my grandfather ayear ago was traumatic. 1
like driving in a squirrel cage.' Remarkably, he got his was closer to him than 1 am to my parents.
job back.
S 1dropped out of college. The longer 1stayed, 1
realised it wasn 't forme .
a) by b) for e) of
6 1found religion in my fifties and as a result my life
2 a) in b) on the e) in the became a better.
3 a) by b) to e) into
7 1finally had an operation l'd been dreading. lt w as
4 a) served b) made e) acted as bad as l'd feared.
S a) craved b) caved e) craved at 8 1 recently lost 30 lbs, and now 1feel than l've felt
6 a) the dues b) a due e) his dues in years.
7 a) set on b) settled on e) setting on
B Add pairs of words from the box to the
8 a) held in high b) high held in e) held on high
statements above so that they all become (or rema in)
9 a) centred b) centre to e) centre of
grammatically correct.
10 a) overnight b) an overnight e) an over the night
11 a) take a lot bit as good deal more and much better
b) want e) have
near as nothing like the more
12 a) towards b) after e) for
10.2
READING
4A Read the poem. Whose life story could it be?
Life Story
I first saw him in Texas
G uns flashing by his side
An arrow split his heavy heart
He trembl ed, th en he di ed.
I saw him next in Africa
Besieged by fli es and sweat
He died again in dripping sun
How coulcl the worlcl forget?
Soon after, in a trenchcoat
He spied for the CIA
His bullet-ridden body sagged
But he livecl another clay.
Still young and tough , he hit the gym
An cl boxecl his way to fame
Ancl breathed his last in a hospital bed
And saicl , 'It's a loser's game.'
He came back lean and hungry
A gangster with a knife
Ancl cut his way to riches
T ill a girl cop took his life.
Then one day we alllearned at last
He'd played his final part
The papers saw it coming
Ancl they turned his death to art.
'He gracecl the fin est movies'
'ije knew what his looks were for'
'A natural in front of the camera'
But the cameras rol! no more.
He'cl killed a thousand, robbed a few
Hacl over fifty wives
And seen six centuries pass by
Ancl livecl a thousand lives
And all of these reduced now
To a face in a magazine
And Sunday re-nms of his flicks
A ghost dancing on screen.
B Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?
1 The actor's first role may have been a cowboy.
2 In another film his character died in Africa.
3 In one role he shot a member of the CIA.
4 In another role he trained a famous boxer.
S He played a gangster who killed a policewoman.
6 He may have been ill for a long time before he died.
7 He was probably either handsome or interesting to look at.
8 No one remembers him as his films are never shown now.
e Find words in the poem to match the definitions.
to shake slightly in a way you can't control
2 surrounded by unpleasant things you cannot escape
3 shot many times and full of bullets _ _ _ __
4 to hang down or bend in the middle _ _ _ __
S to bring honour to something by attending it
6 a film (informal) _ _ _ __
WRITING a 'for and against' essay
SA Read two statements about an issue. Which do
yo u agree with?
' The paparazzi should not be allowed to
photograph celebrities during prívate moments. lt is
an intrusion of privacy. '
' Celebrities are public figures who rely on the
public's affection and attention. Therefore, they
cannot complain when the paparazzi follow them
around and photograph them for the public to see. '
B Add one word to complete the sentences.
_ _ _ _ could be better than being recognised
and adored all over the world?
2 One of the benefits of being photographed is that it
consolidates your fame, but one of the _ _ __
is that you can 't go shopping or lie on a beach in
peace.
3 On the one hand, celebrities need the paparazzi,
but on the hand, they also need some
privacy.
4 Those in of introducing tougher privacy
laws say that intrusion into private lives has gone
too far, while those against say that photographers
have a right to do their jobs.
S We need to into consideration the fact
that people around the celebrities, such as their
children and spouses, are also affected.
6 On the positive side, the public gets to see
that superstars have problems too, but on the
_ _ _ _ side, such reporting prometes a kind of
unhealthy voyeurism.
e Look at the sentences again. What is the function
of the expressions in bold? Do they: (1) show
contrasting arguments, (2) introduce pros, or (3)
introduce either pros or cons?
D Write a 'for and against' essay (250 words) for
the question below. Use so me of the ideas from
Exercises SA and B to help you.
ls it time to protect celebrities from the paparazzi?
 10.3

FUNCTION negotiating VOCABULARY negotiation

1 Underline the corred alternatives to complete the 2 Match questions 1-7 with replies a)-g) .
negotiations. ls the goal of the negotiation to get what we want
1 A: Get in touch if anything needs 1to c/arify 1 c/arifying. without giving anything away?
B: We will. 1think everything seems very clear. 2 What's the first thing 1should do after meeting a new
A: Good. But do let me know 2if
you hove 1 if you're business contact?
having any queries. We're here to help. 3 Why should llearn the native customs and traditions
2 A: 3 What 1 What ifwe supported your idea to host a befare doing business abroad?
conference? 4 Can 1 tell them this is my final offer even if it isn 't?
B: lf you help us with that, 4 we'//
give 1 we give you a 5 What if they want to sell for one price, but 1 want to buy
prime space in the exhibition area. for a lower price?
A: Can you promise us exclusive rights to the images? 6 What if 1 don 't have enough information to make up
B: That 5must be 1 would be difficult for us because of my mind?
existing deals with other clients. 7 Can we accept less than we originally wanted in arder
A: What if you cut them out of this particular event? to clase the deal?

B: l'm not sure 6 / can do 1 1do that. a) Establish common goals between you .
3 A: So, we'll provide food and drink ata cost of € 1 1O per b) You may need to haggle.
head . e) Yes. Making compromises is a normal part of negotiating.
B: That sounds 7acceptable 1 accepting to me. d) Because it's important to be tactful and culturally
A: Great. We've 8taken 1 got a deal. sensitive.

4 A: So, our objectives obviously involve discussing the e) You can defer the decision untillater.
problems with the new building. f) No, it's nevera good idea to bluff.
B: Yes, we want to 9sort this out 1 sort out this as soon as g) No, the idea is to make concessions so both parties
possible. are happy.
10
A: We feel the same. We want to reso/ute 1 reso/ve this
by the end of the day.
11
LEARNTO stall for time
B: OK. So what do yo u hove in mind 1 hove in your
mind? 3A Put B's words in the corred order to complete the
A: We want to bring in a new contractor. conversations.
B: Can you 12go to 1 go into mo re detail? A: ls this offer something you 'd consider?
B: to 1 like 1 it 1 think 1 l'd 1 about

2 A: Will the machines be available next month?

B: that 1 have 1 about 1 to 1 as k 1 1'11

3 A: Are you ready to sign the contract?

B: to 1 need 1 it 1 time 1 consider 1 more 1 1

4 A: Will we get a discount?

B: now 1 to 1 can 't 1 you 1 an 1 11 give 1 that 1 right 1
answer

5 A: How long befare yo u can deliver the materials?

B: to 1 can 1 that 1 back 1 get 1 on 1 you 1 1 ?

B ® 10.2 Listen and check.

GRAMMAR verb tenses for unreal situations GRAMMAR adverbials
1 Underline the correct alternative. 3 Complete the story with the adverbials
Supposing you were giving up 1 gave up 1 're giving up your job, would that in the box.
make you feel any better?
for his idea in five months
2 l'd rather you don't 1 didn't 1 wouldn't smoke inside the house. not surprisingly on his own
3 He treats Carolina as if she was 1 could be 1 wou/d be his secretary. quite possibly readily
4 Imagine you wouldn't hove to go 1 didn 't hove to go 1 hadn't gone to work
ever again.
Self-published
S 1wish they had 1 would hove 1 hove at least consulted me first.
author hits one million
6 They're late- what if they misunderstand 1 're misunderstanding 1
Kindle sales
misunderstood your directions?
When John Locke had the
7 lt's about time they sort 1 sorted 1 are sorting out my computer - the IT
inspiration for his novel, he
department's had it for days!
wasn't sure if a publisher would
8 What if you hadn't 1 you didn 't 1 had you seen them fighting, anything could back him, so he decided to publish
have happened . the book 1 , using
Kindle's direct publishing. He was
soon rewarded 2 ; people
VOCABULARY review 3 bought his novel at
only $0.99 each, making ita
2 Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.
best-seller. Befare he knew it, he
compelling 1 stylish had made the best-seller list at
a) His life makes a _ _ _ _ story. Amazon, having sold more than
b) She is a woman in her forties. one million e-books for Kindle.
4 , this prompted the
2 thought-provoking 1 heart-breaking
publishing of his next title 'How 1
a) lt was a story about a young boy who loses his brother sold a million e-books 5_ _ __
in an accident.
a how-to guide for other would-
b) The article raised sorne important points. lt was very _ _ __ be writers who may have similar
3 charming 1 poignant ideas. lt's a title which could
a) lt was a _ _ _ _ reminder of the perils of war. 6 guarantee the writer
yet another million sales.
b) lt's a sculpture by Donatello.
4 off-beat 1 subtle
a) The pictures are similar. There are only _ _ _ _ differences
VOCABULARY PLUS three-part
between them.
multi-word verbs
b) The humour was a little _ _ _ _ , but it was a wonderful film .
S the idea 1 bright idea 4 Complete the sentences with a suitable
a) lt was then that we hit on of getting a taxi. particle.
b) Whose was it to get to the airport four hours before the 1 1don 't generally go ___ for that kind
flight leaves? of thing.
6 seemed like a good idea 1 gave me the idea for 2 We need to come ___ with a few
good ideas.
a) 1don 't know why we did it, but it at the time .
3 1guess we just have to put it ___ to
b) Seeing her designs _ _ _ _ the project l'm working on.
experience.
7 novel 1 ridiculous
4 That's outrageous! 1can't believe he
a) How original! lt's a really idea. thought he would get away ___ the
b) That's the most idea l've ever heard . lt'll never work. crime.
8 mind 1 rave S 1always try to stand ___ for the
a) The show has had _ _ _ _ reviews. underdog.
b) Don 't be afraid to speak your _ _ _ _ . 1want to know what you 6 1 have a long list of things that 1 never
really think. seem to get ___ to doing.
9 crave 1 fly 7 The other boy was nearly twice his height,
but Ji m stood ___ to him all the same.
a) l'm hoping this new course will help to give me the new perspective
l _ _ __ 8 lt all comes ___ to finances in the end.
b) Don't hold back, just let your feelings _ _ __ 9 l'm sorry 1can't make it, but 1 need to
catch ___ with so me work.
1O l'm not going to put ___ with it any
longer. l've had enough.
 REVIEW ANO CHECK 5: UNITS 9-10

VOCABULARY review 2

S Complete the text with the words in the box.

after craved deferred dues esteem epic gun-wielding

haggling held make obsession overnight privations
renowned served set shot spotlight

Max Waller always wanted to travel. As a

child, he hankered 1_ _ the wild plains,
the great deserts and ancient civilisations.
Aged ten, he developed an 2_ _ with
maps. Where other ch ildren had posters of
football stars or singers, maps covered his
bedroom walls, and he became 3_ _
at school for his knowledge of countries
and capitals. His geography teacher, Mrs
Carson, impressed by Max's expertise,
gave him a leather-bound atlas and held
him in such high 4_ _ that she invited
the fourteen-year-old to teach a class
of younger children . Locally, he 5_ _
to fome when he won a geography
competition. Enjoying his moment in the
6_ _ , he told a reporter that he was
7_ _ on becoming either a travel writer having paid his 12_ _ and worked his way up through the
or an anthropologist. company, he became Managing Director. His parents were
But somehow it never happened . After long gone and his siblings were grown up, but he still had his
graduating, Max had to support the family own family to support.
after his father became ill, so he 8_ _ He retired at seventy, and finally managed to embark on the
his plans to travel. He 9_ _ an 13_ _ journey he had been dreaming of all those years.
apprenticeship in a paper mili and took Travelling to thirty countries in one year, he wrote a blog
a job on the factory floor. He 1o_ _ which became an 14_ _ success. lt included accounts
the open road, but with four younger of being 15_ _ up at gunpoint, going on camel rides
siblings to support, he knew he needed to at dawn, sittinp in canvas tents drinking tea with 16_ _
stay. Working life was hard - he had to bandits and 1 _ _ with street vendors. On his return, he
put up with the physica1 11 _ _ of the said, '1 had to 18_ _ compromises in life. lt was my duty.
overheated factory- but he prospered . Ten But this trip was my dream come true. Mrs Carson would
years passed, then twenty, then thirty, and hove been proud of me.'

---------------------------· ---------------------------
FUNCTION ranti ng/ ravi ng GRAMMAR inversion

6 Match 1-6 with a)-f) to make sentences.
1couldn 't believe my .. .
2 lt 's an all-time ...
3 The music was just unbelievably .. .
4 lf there's one thing 1can 't stand .. .
S l'm afraid it's just not ...
6 lt was one of the most incredible .. .
a) classic of a film .
b) poor.
e) it's sitting through a really boring film.
d) my cup of tea at all.
e) sights l've ever seen.
f) luck when the tickets arrived .
7 Tick the correct sentence.
a) No longer they would accept his excuses.
b) No longer would they accept his excuses.
2 a) Not until we'd got far away did we look back.
b) Not until we'd got far away we did look back.
3 a) Had 1 been more alert, would 1 have stopped the thief.
b) Had 1 been more alert, 1would have stopped the thief.
4 a) Never before had they seen such a beautifullake.
b) Never before they had seen such a beautifullake.
S a) Had 1known about the problem, would 1 have come earlier.
b) Had 1 known about the problem, 1would have come earlier.
6 a) No sooner had 1eaten than 1was back on the road .
b) No sooner 1 had eaten than 1was back on the road.

11
REVIEW ANO CHECK 5: UNITS 9-1 O

VOCABULARY PLUS synonyms GRAMMAR comparative structures

8A Complete B's responses. Use six of the words in the
box and any other words necessary.
complete dull excite grasp highlight
1rntate journey overemphasise
thrilling tracker train undertake
A: 1 found the film absolutely gripping.
B: Yes, 1 thought it was quite _ __ __
2 A: These travel delays always bug me.
B: Me too. They really _ _ _ __
3 A: The book's about an expedition made in the
eighteenth century.
B: Oh, so it's about a _ _ _ __
4 A: 1 want to accentuate the positive.
B: Yes, it's the good things we should _ _ _ __
5 A: We're about to embark on the trip of our lives.
B: lt's quite a journey to _ _ _ __
6 A: 1 find it hard to get the hang of the principies behind
modern art.
B: Me too. l've never managed to _ _ _ __
9 Write one word in each gap to complete the letter.
Dear Noam,
Thanks for the photo. Sad to say, I look nothing
1 I did in the seventies! I had
considerably 2 hair in those hippy
days and I'm 3 lot fatter now,
too! But, as you suggested, I'm 4 _ _ _ __
bit as determined as I was then, and I'm still
organising, though I find it a 5 _ _ _ __
deal harder than it used to be. We tried to put
together a workers' forum last year, but barely
6 workers carne. It's just getting
more and 7 difficult to interest
people in political issues. The harder you try,
8 fewer people show up. Maybe it's
because the younger generation have so much;
they are 9 near as engaged as we
were. To be honest, I'm a 10 fed up
with banging my head against a brick wall. But
I guess that's what it takes to change society.
Best wishes,
Paulo

FUNCTION negotiating

1 O Find and correct eight mistakes in the sentences

below.
1 We want to sort out as soon as possible.

2 By the end of the day, we want to resolve this.

3 What do you have on mind?
4 Can you get into more detail?
5 lf you do this for us, we'll give you a better price.
6 lf what we supported your idea?
7 That would be difficult for me because of the cost.
8 l'm not su re 1 can do that.
9 Good . That sounds accepting to me.
B Find words/phrases in the conversations above that O Great. We've taken a deal.
1
match the definitions below. 11 Let me know when you have any queries.
to get on someone's nerves
12 Get in touch if anything needs clarified.

2 to set off on

3 to stress

4 a trip

5 to master

6 exhilarating
 TEST S:UNITS 9-1 0

TEST
Circle the corred option to complete the sentences. 15 We went to the Glastonbury festival, and it was
1 Among the guests was an array of famous
authors and critics. a) awesome b) the most incredible
a) unconventional b) overrated e) impressive e) not my kind thing
2 lt was a very article about society's 16 He has an obsession cars.
attitude to warfare. a) to b) with e) on
a) stunning b) thought-provoking 17 The doctor was held in esteem.
e) stylish a) high b) good e) top
3 1 really think it's you told your boss the 18 We should alllearn to compromises.
truth.
a) take b) make e) do
a) about time b) the about t ime
19 No _ _ _ _ had 1 left the tent than it started
e) about the time
raining.
4 l'd rather until the end, if that's OK.
a) longer b) way e) sooner
a) we wou ld wait b) waited e) we waited
20 At no point _ _ _ _ 1 think l'd get the job untill
S Imagine if you could read people's minds, _ _ __ entered the room.
be useful?
a) did b) had e) can
a) that would have b) wouldn 't that have
2 1 Had 1 the instructions, l'd have do(le
e) wouldn 't that
better.
6 We arranged to have a picnic, which a
a) been b) known e) understood
good idea at the time.
a) seems as it b) seemed like e) seemed being
22 We off on this journey ayear ago.
a) took b) went e) set
7 Then we the idea of inviting everyone to
our house. 23 That stupid music is getting on my _ _ __
a) hit on b) hit e) hit around a) ears b) hands e) nerves
8 The live concert wi ll be broadcast _ _ _ _ on 24 That book is every _ _ _ _ as good as yo u said it
television and radio. was.
a) simu ltaneously b) eventually e) readily a) way b) bit e) part
9 The jazz festival is held in Ju ly. 25 The more yo u practise, the _ _ _ _ you become.
a) every years b) all the time e) annually a) better b) more e) best
O We all need to take a break every _ _ __
1 26 There were any people at last night's party.
a) for a while b) once in a while a) seldom b) bare e) hardly
e) once a while 27 l'm nowhere as aggressive as 1 used to be.
11 You just need to be yourself and _ __ _ your a) near b) like e) but
mind . 28 Do you have a particu lar plan in _ _ __
a) say b) talk e) speak a) head b) action e) mind
12 lf it happe ns again, l'm going to give them a 29 This agreement sounds to me.
_ _ _ _ of my mind.
a) accurate b) accepted e) acceptable
a) piece b) slice e) bit
30 in touch if you need any more information .
13 lt's one of the most buildings on earth .
a) Write b) Get e) Be
a) subtle b) spectacular e) poor
14 1can't understand w ho would buy that. lt's just not
my of tea.
a) pot b) mug e) cup

litii;j$.i1JII /30 1

IIJIIIII Recording 1
My name is Felipe. When 1
started school in Texas in
1942 my name was promptly
changed to Philip in the way
that all foreign names were
Americanised in those days.
So, 1was Philip Hernandez
until 1966. That same year, 1
decided to revert to Felipe.
lt was, 1suppose, an act of
defiance, a political act, because
we Chicanos wanted to be
recognised for who we were ,
for our ancestry and our roots.
So while my identity on all my
documents remained as Philip
Hernandez, 1insisted on being
called Felipe to my face , and 1
still do.
2 lf 1told you my name, you
probably wouldn't believe it.
My parents were hippies, which
probably explains why they
called me Starchild Summer
Rainflower Davies. Even by
hippie standards, 1thought that
was pretty extreme. As soon as
1left home, 1changed my name.
1am now plain old Summer
Davies.
3 My name is the result of a
compromise between my
parents. My mother wanted
to call me David and my dad
wanted to call me Donald .
Apparently, they argued over
it and neither would give way,
so eventually they called me
David Donald . They soon
real ised this was too long. Can
you imagine trying to get a kid's
attention by shouting 'David
Donald '? So they started calling
me DD. Now everyone calls
' A: Yeah , or, um, maybe just after.
me DD and no one outside
my immediate family actually
knows my real name.
4 My name is Niamh. lt's an
lrish name. The thing about it
is, it's spelled n-i-a-m-h, but
pronounced Neeve, which is
incredibly confusing for people.
They just have no idea how to
pronounce it. They say Nigh
Am or Knee Am or Nigh Aim.
lt's just impossible unless you
know. But once you know, it's
easy. You just say knee and put
a 'v' on the end .
5 My name is Bond. James Bond .
No, it really is. 1would say
it's been a mixed blessing. lt's
always a good conversation
starter and people immediately
smile when 1tell them. But then
there are other people who
either don't believe me or think
1changed my name as some
sort of way to attract attention.
My parents, Richard and Judith
Bond , called me James long
before the character became
famous, so it really wasn 't
their fault. At one point 1did
momentarily think of just using
my middle name, Terrence, so
l'd be Terrence Bond, but then
1thought, 'no, why should 1?
l'm James Bond '. That 's good
enough for me.
6 My name is Mary Sharf, s-h-
a-r-f, which is a nightmare
for spell-check. When 1first
started using a computer it was
always changing my name to
Shar p o r Share o r even Shark.
1think the name originates
from Germany or somewhere
in Eastern Europe, but l'm not
sure. lt's been lost in the mists
of time.
QJIIIII Recording 2
F = Francesca A = Anna
F: Helio?
A: Hi Francesca. lt's Anna. l'm on
myway now.
F: Great. 1'11 see you here at about
sixish then.
1need to pickup a couple of
things on the way.
F: OK. That 's fine. l've got plenty
of stuff to be getting on with
he re .
A: Really? What are you up to?
F: Oh, you know, l've just got to
finish some work and sort the
kitchen out and stuff like that.
A: All right. Er . .. Do yo u want
me to bring anything, you
know, any . . . um . .. kind of
food or anything like that?
F: No, you 're fine. l've got loads
of food . Just bring yourself.
A: Lovely, l'm really . ..
F: Oh, there's one thing 1was
going to ask.
A: What's that?
F: Are you OK with spicy food?
You know, chilli and stuff?
A: 1love chilli. The hotter, the
better.
F: Brilliant. l'm looking forward to
it.
A: 1'11 see you later then.
F: Great. See you later.
IIJIIIIJ Recording 1
1wish l'd studied more when 1
was younger.
2 lf only 1hadn 't met that crazy
man!
3 lf 1'd had more talen t . 1
would 've been famous.
4 1wouldn 't be here if l'd listened
to my parents.
5 lf it wasn't for you, 1
wouldn 't've known about that
flat.
6 Supposing you 'd won the
scholarship, would you have
gone?
IIJIIIIJ Recording 2
My grandmother was illiterate
until she was twenty-eight. Born
in ltaly, one of nine children, she'd
sailed to Brazil at the age of six
with nothing but the rags on her
back. Penniless and hungry, she
went to work in the houses of the
middle-class. She cleaned things.
She cleaned kitchens, bathrooms,
bedrooms, offices, dogs, horses
and later even cars, the new
playthings of the wealthy. Thus
was her childhood spent, making
enough money to feed her family.
At eighteen, she married a tailor.
At least she didn't have to wear
rags any more, but life wasn 't
much better. She was reduced to
being a domestic servant in her
own home - cook, cleaner and a
prolific producer of babies - five
in all. By her late-twenties, she got
fed up with never understanding
the letters that dropped on
the doormat or the stories in
the papers or her children 's
homework, so she taught herself
how toread . lt took her ayear.
She'd sit up by candlelight, poring
over the pages of children 's books,
sounding out the letters. Once she
lear ned it, her life changed.
She had an iron will and a
tremendous mistrust of the
modern world . She hated TV.
She was horrified at the idea of
aeroplanes, thought they would
drop out of the sky. And she
believed the moon landing was a
hoax, that these men in funny suits
were actors in a studio.
As she aged , she turned into the
neighbourhood fairy godmother, a
kindly fount of wisdom. Everyone
went to her for advice, which she
dispensed from her th rone, an
ancient red armchair with hales
in its sides. She had a saying for
every situation, a proverb. lf you
started telling family secrets, she'd
say, 'don't wash your dirty linen
in public! ' Or 'keep your mouth
shut and your eyes open ,' or my
favourite: 'a closed mouth catches
no flies' . Once, someone started
telling her a long, elaborate lie.
She stopped them in the middle
and said, 'Aiways tell the truth. lt's
easier to remember.'
Everybody loved her. She didn 't
have much in the way of material
things but she gave people what
she did have: time, affection,
attention, words of wisdom ,
love. And so it was with my
grandmother. She died in her sleep
aged ninety. Eight hundred people
came to the funeral. Not bad for a
washerwoman who hadn't learned
to read until she was twenty-eight.
QJIIIfJ Recording 3
A : Did you hear about the
archaeological findings in
Ethiopia? An anthropologist
claims to have found 'the
missing link'.
B: Really? 1find that highly unlikely.
Anthropologists are always
saying they've made these
wonderful discoveries and
mostly it's nonsense.
A: Anyway, this anthropologist
found some bones which were
unlike anything ever found
befo re, and . ..
B: 1don 't know about that. A
bone is a bone is a bone.
A: Yes, but these were a different
structure. And ...
B: l'm not really sure about that.
A different structure? What
was it: a human with wings, or
something?
A: No! Where did you get that
idea? lt was a skeleton that
didn 't look like either a human
or a chimpanzee, but it was
over four million years old.
B: That's very debatable. Four
million years? How do they
know?
A: 1give up. What 's on TV?
11)11111 Recording 1
Paris is obviously one of the most
famous tourist destinations in the
world . Forme, Paris is quite simply
· the terraced cafés, the smell of
bread , coffee and strong cigarettes.
Paris is such a spectacularly
beautiful city, and it has such style.
There is a romance to Paris. lt's
a wonderful place to dine out in
one of its busy restaurants, watch
the sunset on the river, and just do
romantic things. Wander along the
cobbled streets in springtime, visit
the markets.
1think one of the first things you
need to do to get a flavour of
the atmosphere of Paris is just
to sit at one of the pavement
cafés and watch the world go
by. You'll be amazed at just how
many of the classic clichés about
Paris are actually true. You really
do see the most stylishly dressed
women walking through the parks
with their designer handbags and
sunglasses, carrying poodles. And
old men on their rickety bicycles
weaving through the streets with
baguettes tucked under their arms.
Other things that are must-
dos when in Paris have to be,
obviously, the Louvre, the Eiffel
Tower and the Pompidou Centre.
But for me, the true beauty of
Paris is hidden in its back streets,
off the beaten track. This is where
you can find the true Paris, and
live it like the Parisians do. Take a
picnic and sit in the Luxembourg
gardens. Or stroll down one of
the old flea markets. Take a velib
bike and cycle through the streets
like the Parisians love to. One
of the most important things to
remember is, don't try and do too
much. Take your time. You simply
can't rush Paris.
QJIIIII Recording 2
To start with, l'm going to talk
briefly about the beginnings of
the project. Just to give a bit of
background information, we first
discussed the idea of a Cultural
Centre two years ago. The' aim of
the project is to create a space for
peo ple to see art, listen to music
and watch films together. So the
main goal of o ur proposal is to
provide a comm unity resource.
The long-ter m benefits include
bringing the community together
and promoting the arts.
What we planto do is w or k w ith
local companies to involve them
in all areas of the project - design,
construction, maintenance and
services. While cost is a majar
issue, our solution is to ask local
government for grant money. In
the first instance, this would mean
putting together our budget plan
and after that, we would write a
grant application.
To su m up, we feel this is a
very worthwhile project for
our community. Are there any
questions or things that need
clarifying?
QJIIIII Recording 1
Wrong man imprisoned - delayed
justice is not justice at al l.
Prosecutors in the USA have
been forced to admit that they
imprisoned the wrong man
for a murder committed more
than twenty years ago. Another
man recently pleaded guilty to
the crime and has now been
imprisoned. Henry Roberts, the
man falsely convicted of the
murder and sentenced to fifty
years in 1992, always asserted his
innocence.
In 1992, prosecutors charged
Roberts, a 63-year-old retired
steelworker, with shooting and
killing his 21-year-old nephew.
The nephew had been spending
the night with Roberts to try to
prevent any more burglaries at
Roberts's house. Prosecutors
claimed that after shooting his
nephew, Roberts then shot
and critically wounded himself.
Prosecutors also claimed that
despite serious wounds, Roberts
had somehow managed to throw
the murder weapon into the creek
behind his house.
Police based their case against
Roberts on conflicting statements
he made in the days immediately
following the murder, when
he was in hospital under heavy
medication, recovering from his
own wounds. A nurse said she
heard something that sounded like
a confession.
After Roberts's conviction, police
got an anonymous telephone tip
naming the man who has now
been imprisoned for breaking into
Roberts's house, shooting Roberts
and then murdering Roberts's
nephew. Police now admit that
they did receive this telephone call
but, at the time, did nothing about
it.
Although the case against
Roberts was weak, nobody was
prepared to admita mistake until
the guilty man himself admitted
to the murder, and provided
corroborating evidence. Had he
not done this, the truth would
never have come to light.
Baltimore's current chief
prosecutor, State's Attorney
Patricia Jessamy, recently
commented on the case,
'Sometimes justice is delayed.'
In this case, a delay was equivalent
to the death sentence. Henry
Roberts died in prison in 1996.
IIJ@IIII Recording 2
1 freedom of speech
2 civil liberties
3 capital punishment
4 economic development
S intellectual property
6 child labour
7 gun control
8 illegal immigration
9 environmental awareness
10 free trade
IIJ@IIII Recording 3
A =man B =woman
A: So what would you do?
B: lt depends, but if 1ever found
myself in this situation, l'd
probably just ignore it and go
and catch my plane.
A: Really?
B: Well, it depends how
desperate 1am to get home.
Because if you stop the
person, then the police are
going to be involved and then
you 've gota long process of
asking questions and whatnot.
So, yeah , given the choice, l'd
just ignore it. What about you?
A: Well, no way would 1ignore
it. 1don't think 1could just
watch a crime taking place and
not do anything, even if it's
just shoplifting. No, without
a shadow of a doubt l'd tell
someone, maybe someone
working in the Duty Free shop.
B: But then you're going to
miss your plane because of a
criminal who's maybe taken
something very small.
A: lt doesn't matter how small it
is. lt's the principie.
B: Right.
A: My preference would be just
to alert someone to what's
going on and then just get out
of there.
B: Oh 1see.
A: This would be by far the best
option rather than having
to deal with the police and
everything, so 1think l'd just go
up to someone working there
and say 'excuse me, that man
is shoplifting.' And then l'd let
them deal with it. 1mean, in
practica! terms, it's not going
to cost you much time.
B: Yeah, fair enough. 1suppose
l'd sooner do that than let the
shoplifter get away with it,
but, really, l'd hate to miss my
plane.
IIJ@IIII Recording 4
A : Smoking should be banned .
B: 1completely agree.
2
A: 1think you should resign .
B: That's out of the question.
3
A: Why are you leaving?
B: The fact is, l'm too old for this
job.
4
A: Will you buy me that laptop?
B: No chance.
S
A: Why aren't you coming?
B: The thing is, l've had enough of
parties.
6
A: Can 1borrow your motorbike?
B: Not on your life.
7
A: 1think mobile phones are a
good learning tool.
B: You're absolutely right.
I!J@IIII Recording 1
1
A: Come on! Tell us what
happened when you arrived.
B: Yes, go on. Spill the beans.
2
A: Oh dear. That was close. 1
nearly gave the game away.
B: Really? What did you say?
3
A: 1think 1might have let it slip
that we're planning a party.
B: Davide! That's supposed to be
a secret.
4 But once the owners got tired
A: Can 1tell you something about
the management committee?
B: Sure. 1promise 1'11 stay schtum
if anyone asks me.
S
A: They are so secretive.
B: 1know. l'd love to know what
goes on behind closed doors.
6 1935. A group of teenagers
A: 1can't believe 1told him you
were planning to leave. l'm
sorry.
B: Yes, you really let the cat out of
the bag.
IIJ@IIIj Recording 2
P =Presenter E =Ed Winter
P: ... it's the best urban myth
. of all. lt's !asted eighty years
and there are plel}ty of
smart people out there who
still believe it. They say that
beneath the streets of New
York, the sewers are teeming
with a super-race of monstrous
alligators. They've never seen
the light of day and they live off
human waste. Well, Ed Winter
is someone who has been
doing some research into this,
and he's here with us today.
Ed, what about these alligators?
Could it possibly be true?
E: Absolutely not. lt's one of
those ideas that captured the
imagination but has barely a
grain of truth to it.
P: Why do you think people
bought into it?
E: Many reasons. Alligators living
in the sewers is a very vivid
image, for a start. Also, it
accords with a certain idea of
city life. There's this metaphor
of the city as an urban jungle,
this kind of darkness and
danger, and the idea of some
kind of subterranean monster
fits with that.
P: Where did the idea come
from? ls it pure fiction?
E: Strangely enough, no. Back in
the 1930s, there was a trend
for wealthy New Yorkers to
bring back baby alligators from
their holidays in Florida as pets.
of looking after the alligators,
they flushed them down the
toilet. And this is where the
legend was born that alligators
were living in the sewers.
P: So there's no evidence at all?
E: Well, there is one true story. A
fully-grown alligator was found
in a New York sewer back in
heard it thrashing around under
a manhole cover and managed
to get a rope around it and pull
it out.
P: So alligators or at least one
alligator was living in the sewer?
E: Well no, no one actually
assumed the creature lived
there. lt was thought to have
escaped from somewhere
and ended up there, which is
different. But anyway, that was
a well-documented case. But
the myth really grew wings
when a man called Robert
Daley wrote a book called The
World Beneath the City in 1959.
P: And this was about the sewers?
E: lt was about New York's public
utilities. So Daley interviewed
the former superintendent of
city sewers, aman called Teddy
May. May claimed his workers
had seen alligators but he didn't
believe them. So May himself
went down there to investigate.
And what he saw, according
to the book, was 'alligators
serenely paddling around in his
sewers'. He described a whole
colony of them living happily
under the streets of the world's
busiest city. And then he gave
his workers permission to go
down there with guns and do
as much alligator hunting as
they wished. That's what he
claimed anyway. Now Teddy
May, it turns out, was quite a
storyteller. He was almost as
biga legend as the alligators.
Apparently, they used to call
him 'The King of the Sewers'.
But, anyway, the writer Robert
Daley believed every word he
said and so once the idea was
in print, it took hold in people's
imagination .
P: But no one believes it now?
E: Oh , plenty of people still
believe it, but scientists aren't
among them . Alligators live in
warm climates, and scientists
are pretty much in agreement
that alligators wouldn't survive
the cold New York winters.
There's also the pollution and
lack of light. The only creatures
that really thrive under these
circumstances are rats and
cockroaches. You aren 't going
to find big reptiles in these
environments.
P: Do you think this urban myth
will ever disappear?
E: 1don 't know. People seem to
like it. New York's Department
of Environmental Protection
sells T-shirts with a picture of
an alligator. lt's also very hard
to disprove the myth, unless
you comb every inch of the
New Yo rk sewer, but who's
going to do that?
P: lndeed . Thank you very much,
Ed Winter.
E: Than k you.
IIJ@IIIj Recording 3
A : So, what do you think about
the issue of downloading music
from the internet? How do you
feel about it?
B: Well, it's an interesting
question to consider. 1suppose,
if you think about it, everyone
should always pay for their
music because that's how the
musicians earn their money.
C: That's right. Because if you want
to listen to music which ...
B: Hold on a minute. 1wanted
to say that the problem is that
music companies charge so
much for music sometimes.
That's why people are tempted
to download for free.
C: But don 't you think that we
should be allowed to download
for free? lt helps the band to
become popular and then they
can make their money from
doing live music gigs and things
like that; or from selling T-shirts
and other merchandise - coffee
mugs and .. .
A : Yes. But going back to what you
were saying about musicians
earning money from writing
songs: surely they should be
paid for that, too? Erm . . .
Where do you stand on that?
B: Absolutely. 1mean, they can
make money in other ways, but
the music is their intellectual
property and they should be
paid for it.
C: Sorry, and another thing. lf
a band is popular, so people
have downloaded lots of their
music, then they 'll be invited
to festivals. There are lots of
other ways they can still make
money.
B: Yes, but the point l'm trying
to make is that they shouldn 't
have to give thei r music away
for free.
C: lt's not something l've thought
about befare, but . . .
IIJ@IIII Recording 4
A: So, what do you think about
the issue of downloading
music?
A: How do you feel about it?
B: Well, it's an interesting
question to consider.
B: 1suppose, if you think about
it o o o
B: Hold on a minute. 1wanted to
say that .. .
C: But don't you think that we
should be allowed to download
for free?
A: Yes. But going back to what you
were saying about musicians
earning money .. .
A: Where do you stand on that?
C: Sorry, and another thing ...
C: lt's not something l've thought
about befare.
IIJ@IIQ Recording 1 We've also turned to images
1
A : How do you think you'll do in
this year's race?
B: l'm gonna win!
2 and physical health are found in
A : What will your life be like in
2020?
B: l'll've become famous.
3 physiognomy is deeply respected,
A: How will your work have
changed by 2020?
B: lt won't've changed much.
4
A: What anniversary are you
celebrating tomorrow?
B: We'll've been married for ten
years.
S friendship, longevity, and wealth.
A: What t ime does the match
start?
B: We'll need to be there at 1.00.
IIJ@IIQ Recording 2
For a few pesos on a street cerner
in Mexico City, a trained canary
bird will select, at random , a card
that reveals your fortune. On
the other side of the world , a
Nepalese shaman examines the
intestines of a sacrificed chicken
and sees the future - a technique
that began thousands of years
ago in ancient Babylon and was
continued by the Ancient Greeks
and Romans. Julius Caesar himself
used a seer to predict his own
future . lt's said that, one day. the
seer read the organs of a sacrificed
bull and warned Caesar that his life
was in danger. Caesar ignored him
and was murdered days later.
Across the world , throughout
history, man has always sought
to read his future , to answer the
elemental questions: what will
happen to me and my kin? How
long have 1got? Where will 1find
salvation? We 've turned to animals
and we've examined the heavens
for signs, namely in the discipline
known as astrology, a science that
calculates the position of the stars
and planets in conjunction with the
birth dates of men and women
and through this, forecasts life's big
events.
closer to home: our own faces.
Dating from ancient China, the
technique of face-reading tells us
that one's fortune can be seen in
one 's features. Clues to emotional
the face, as well as personality
traits, remnants of past events
and signals of events yet to come.
In modern China, the science of
and physiognomists are trained
over many years. Their field is
considered an adjunct of medicine.
Another part of the body that
can tell our story is the palm of
the hand. The idea behind palm
reading is that the lines on our
hands correspond to different
aspects of our lives - family,
Some claim they can foretell
the events of a person 's life by
interpreting these lines.
Besides the body, there are also
symbolic objects that foretell the
future. These include Tarot cards,
bamboo sticks and even tea leaves.
But the most famous is the crystal
ball. In it, a seer watches images
that represent future events.
Appearing in a thousand B-movies,
the ball is associated with the wise
gypsy woman in a darkened room .
lt's a clichéd image now, yet it
somehow retains its magical hold
over us.
I!J@IIQ Recording 3
A =Andy K =Katrina
A: So, can you tell us where the
ideas, the inspiration, comes
from?
K: Going to fashion shows
and, 1mean, out-of-the-way
fashion shows, not just the
big ones, going to clubs and
gigs, seeing what 's happening
on the street. This is where
a lot of the ideas originate
from. Kids on skateboards on
the Embankment in London,
factory workers in Philadelphia,
fishermen off the coast
of Genoa in ltaly. Anyone
anywhere can inspire a fashion
designer.
A: Right.
K: Just looking around you.
Looking at certain celebrities,
usually B-listers.
A: And presumably the big names,
too?
K: Actually, A -list celebrities don't
take risks with what they wear
so you're not going to learn
much from, say, seeing George
Clooney in a suit or Julia
Roberts in an A-line skirt.
A: Right. And what about films,
magazines?
K: Oh they're great- watching
films, magazines, and also
looking at other fields is useful.
For example, we keep our eye
on the synthetics industry. We
look at styles in architecture
and furniture design because
you never know when an
angle, a look, or a use of fabric
might catch your eye. Basically,
we keep our eyes peeled for
everything!
A: Are there any other sources?
Maybe books?
K: Photography books are great
sources. Travel- a combination
of colours on a sari worn by
a washerwoman in a small
village in India may find its way
onto the catwalks of Milan or
Paris. An earring design from
rural Cambodia may end up
on a film star at a big event
and suddenly it's in demand .
lnspiration comes from
everywhere.
A: And presumably also the past?
K: The one place where all
designers look is the past.
Fashion moves in circles,
and even the gaudiest, most
hideous looks always come
back in an altered form . The
1980s, for example, is often
considered the decade that
fashion forgot, but look on any
catwalk or in any photo shoot
thirty years later and you 'll see
full length body suits, oversized
jackets, high-waisted jeans,
all products of that dreadful
decade and all given a twenty-
first century twist.
I!JIIIII Recording 1
One of the most famous prison
escapes must be that of three
highly dangerous criminals from
California's Alcatraz prison. Frank
Lee Morris and two brothers
Clarence and John Anglin, ' accident he re. lt just doesn 't
escaped from Alcatraz in 1962.
The prisoners, all of whom had
been convicted of bank robbery,
and had previous prison escape
charges, managed to escape from
the notorious island prison in San
Francisco Bay, despite the fact
that it was renowned for its high
level of security. A fellow inmate,
Allan West, helped the three men
to devise an ingenious plan, which
involved constructing a raft and
inflatable life vests to navigate
the freezing cold , shark-infested
Bay waters, and using a series of
human dummies to fool the guards
during the numerous routine head
counts in the prison.
Over the course of several
months, the inmates worked
together using tools, including
spoons, which they stole from the
prison work sites to chip away
at the ventilation covers in their
cells, and also on the prison roof.
They used paint kits and soap and
concrete powder to create life-
like heads, which they decorated
with hair collected from the prison
barbershop and left in their beds
as decoys. lt's thought that the
preparations took over six months
of planning and prefabrication .
On the night of 1 1th June 1962,
conditions were right and Morris
and the two Anglin brothers began
their escape, leaving their cells
via the dug-out ventilation shafts.
However, West had spent so
much time working on the decoys
and other aspects of the plan, that
he hadn't managed to free his own
vent shaft yet. On the evening of
the escape, despite help from the
Anglin brothers, West wasn 't able
to free the escape tunnel in time
and the other men were forced
to leave him behind. They left the
island on a system of rafts and
inflatable life vests, which they
had made from more than fifty
stolen raincoats sewn together.
West did later manage to free his
own vent and climb to the roof
of the prison, but it was too late.
The other men had already left
and West had no choice but to
return to his cell. Morris and the
Anglin brothers were never seen
again. However, it's not known
if the men succeeded in their
escape plan or died during their
attempt. The story of the escape
was dramatised in several books
and in the famous film Escape from
Alcatraz, starring Clint Eastwood.
I!J@IIII Recording 2
A: Have you seen this picture?
Look. What do you think?
B: What do you mean, what do 1
think?
A: Well , would you tell him to
stop, or would you let him just
carry on?
B: 1wouldn 't tell him to stop, no.
Why? Why would 1 tell him to
stop?
A: Well, because, you know, if
you, if you let him carry on
then you'll , then he's going to
cut himself, or fall into the river
or something, isn't he?
B: Oh come on. Surely you don't
think that?
A: Why not? There's water there,
and he's holding an axe, you
know, quite a dangerous-
looking axe, actually. 1 mean, he
could fall over and hit his head
on a rack or something.
B: Oh that's ridiculous. There's no
real danger. You can't honestly
think that. Let him fall in the
water if he doesn 't work it out
for himself first. And that way
he'll learn, hopefully, from his
mistakes so next time , he'll be
more careful. lf you tell him
what to do or what not to do
all the time then he'll never
learn to think for himself.
A: Hmm. 1 suppose you've got
a point about thinking for
yourself. lt's just that, as a
parent, or a mother, 1just think
1would just naturally stop him.
B: That's just mollycoddling.
A: No, it isn't. 1couldn't stand
back and watch him hurt
himself. Where's the logic
in that? You can't wait for
accidents to happen and then
think about what you should've
done to stop it, prevent it. You
have to be pro-active.
B: Well, l'm with you 100 percent
on that. But there is no
make sense to me. There's no
real danger. The worst thing
that's going to happen is that
he's going to fall in the stream
and get wet, which is hardly a
disaster is it?
IIJ@IIIJ Recording 3
A: ... if you let him carry on then
you'll, then he's going to cut
himself, or fall into the river or
something, isn't he?
B: Oh come on. Surely you don't
think that?
2
A: 1 mean, he could fall over
and hit his head on a rock or
something.
B: Oh that's ridiculous. There's no
real danger. You can't honestly
think that.
3 large dinner table, and like most
A: 1suppose you've gota point
about thinking for yourself.
lt's just that, as a parent, ora
mother, 1just think 1would just
naturally stop him.
4
A: 1couldn 't stand back and watch
him hurt himself. Where's the
logic in that?
5 Although Harriet was the world 's
B: Well, l'm with yo u 100 percent
on that. But there is no accident
he re. lt just doesn 't make sense
to me. There's no real danger.
IIJ@III:I Recording 1 age of 255, although there are no
When she was born, the country
of ltaly did not yet exist, and slavery
was stilllegal in the British Empire.
She lived on three continents,
appeared in the Guinness Book of
World Records and some say she
helped Charles Darwin develop his
theory of evolution.
Who was she? Her name was
Harriet and she was the world 's
oldest living tortoise. Born in 1830,
Harriet died in 2006 of a heart
attack. Something of a celebrity,
her death made headlines all over
the world. lt wasn't always like
that. In fact, for the first hundred
years of her life, Harriet was
thought to be a male and was
given the name Harry.
lt's believed that in 1835, when
Harriet was five years old and
no bigger than a dinner plate,
she was one of three tortoises
taken by Charles Darwin from the
Galapagos lslands off Ecuador.
Darwin transported them and
numerous other animals and
plants to Britain on his ship, the
HMS Beagle, in order to study
them. Harriet spent a few years
in Britain but was then moved to
a friendlier climate - Brisbane,
Australia- in the mid-1800s. She
was allowed to roam freely in the
Botanic Gardens. In the 1980s,
when she was over ISO, Harriet
was moved again to Australia Zoo,
Queensland .
By now she was a giant. Weighing
one hundred and fifty kilograms,
Harriet was about the size of a
tortoises, she led a relaxing life,
eating, sleeping and being stared
at by the public. She was, of
course, completely unaware of
all the developments that took
place during her lifetime; cars,
aeroplanes, rockets, TV, modern
warfare, the Russian Revolution
and two World Wars; it all passed
her by.
oldest living creature for many
years, there has been at least one
tortoise, and maybe two, that
lived longer. An lndian tortoise
is rumoured to have died at the
documents to prove this. And Tui
Malila, a tortoise from Madagascar,
was said to be a gift to Tonga from
British explorer Captain James
Cook. Born in the 1770s, the
tortoise died in 1965 aged 188.
IIJ@III:I Recording 2
A picture is worth a thousand
words.
2 Don't judge a book by its
cover.
3 Out of sight, out of mind.
4 Actions speak louder than
words.
5 Absence makes the heart grow
fonder. ·
6 Rome wasn 't built in a day.
7 Nothing ventured, nothing
gained.
8 Practice makes perfect.
9 Home is where the heart is.
1O Better safe than sorry.
1 1 There 's no place like home.
12 Practise what you preach.
IIJ@III:I Recording 3
A: Having a good time?
B: Not really.
2
A: See you later.
B: Yeah ... see you there.
3
A: You OK with that?
B: Yes, 1think so.
4
A: Been here before?
B: No, never.
5
A: Think they'll come back soon?
B: 1guess so.
6
A: Nearly finished?
B: No, l've still got lots todo.
IIJ@III:I Recording 4
A: 1 hate being put on hold when
you try to phone a company.
B: 1 know what you mean.
A: They should call you back
instead of wasting your time.
B: Yes, but looking at it another
way, you could end up waiting
for days.
2
A: Ad breaks during TV
programmes are the biggest
waste of time.
B: That's true.
A: They should have alternative
versions that don't have the
ads.
B: Yeah. Mind you, that's how
the TV companies make their
money.
3
A: In many companies, meetings
are a complete waste of time.
B: Yes and no. lt depends who's
running them and what they're
for.
A: In my company, we have
meetings about having
meetings. Everything could be
done faster and more efficiently
by email.
B: That 's often the case in my
company, too. Although having
said that, 1think it's better to
discuss some things face-to-
face.
4 poignant performance as a doomed
A : 1hate going through airport
security. lt's such a waste of
time taking off your shoes and
everything.
B: l'm with you there. lt's a real
drag.
A: They should just give everyone
a full body X -ray.
B: That's a good idea. That makes
perfect sense.
I!J@IIU Recording 1 free , to 1.5 million people on
And the answers to this week's
quiz are ... hope you're feeling
confident! Are you ready? OK,
here we go . ..
Number one is a nice, gentle start
to things: Which Dutch artist's
work was unpopular in his lifetime,
but is now so well-received that it
sells for millions? 1imagine most of
you got this right as, of course, the
answer is Vincent van Gogh.
Moving straight on to number two:
Whose striking nineteenth-century
statue is called 'The Thinker'? A
bit tricky if you haven't seen it, so
1hope you got the answer- it's
Rodin, Auguste Rodin.
And the last one in this section is:
Which unconventional twentieth-
century Spanish artist was known
for his brilliant paintings and long,
curled moustache? Hopefully you
have the infamous Salvador Dalí to
bring you up to three points.
Now don't worry if you haven't
got them all right, let's see if you
can pick up some points in our
film section . So, the first question
to start off with is: Which 2009
film , described by one critic as
'overrated ', broke all box office
records? 1' 11 give you a clue, the
film had a blue tinge. Have you
got it? Yup, it's Avatar. A most
excellent film, 1thought!
Right then , question number five:
Which offbeat actor has played a
pirate, a chocolate factory owner,
and a man who has scissors instead
of hands? All being well , you have
Johnny Depp as your answer.
And last but not least, (for this
section at any rate) : Whith actress
won an Osear playing a boy and then
won another five years later for her
boxer? Now with a bit of luck, you'll
have the lovely Hilary Swank . ..
How many points do you have
now? lf you have all of them
correct and managed to send your
answers in to us in time, you could
be up for this week's star prize!
Let's move on to the music round.
Question seven: Which English
band, formed in 1962, has released
over 100 singles and performed
a stunning concert, completely
Copacabana Beach, Rio de Janeiro
in 2006? lt's The Rolling Stones! O h,
1wish l'd been there- the reviews
of the event sound amazing!
Fortunately l'm far too young .. .
OK, question eight: Which iconic
Jamaican singer wrote thought-
provoking songs about social
issues and died at thirty-six? 1
expect you all got th is one right, as
it is the one and only Bob Marley.
And finally, befare we move on
to the quieter round of literature:
Which Colombian singer sings in
English and Spanish and has sold
an impressive 50 million albums? lf
you don't know her, you soon will,
as 1'11 be playing her latest track
after the news .. . lt's Shakira!
In the meantime, let's check the
answers to our final section on
literature starting with question
number ten: What compelling
2003 thriller by Dan Brown uses
the name of an ltalian Renaissance
genius in its title? lt was actually
turned into a film which was quite
exciting ... do you know it now?
Yes, it's The Da Vinci Code.
Now, the answer to the next
question should be easier as it has
been in the news this week- the
trilogy has just topped the best-
sellers! Who wrote the bleak
trilogy The Girl with the Dragan
Tattoo, The Girl who Played with
Fire, and The Girl who Kidced rhe
Hornet's Nest be ore his ea a
the age of fifty? lt 's S ·eg La.rsso
- what a shame he didn't live to
relish his fame .
And to round up this week's quiz,
our last question was: Which
charming doctor in Robert Louis
Stevenson's story of 1886 turns
into a monstrous murderer at
night? You should have Dr Jekyll
for your answer and hopefully a
full twelve points.
Right then , let's see who our
winner is .. .
And the first email we had in with
all the correct answers is from
Maud Gimmons. Well done Maud!
This week's hamper is being sent
out to you!
I!J@IIQ Recording 2
Discussion 1
A Muhammad Ali? The best.
B: The greatest of all time:
C Ali? Numero uno, no questions
asked .
A: Listan went down and Ali was
screaming at him, 'Get up and
fight! Get up and fight! '
C: lt was unbelievable.
A: May 25th 1965. 1remember it
like it was yesterday.
B: lt's one of those photos that
you just never forget.
A: 'Fioat like a butterfly, sting like a
bee. Your hands can't hit what
your eyes can 't see.'
B: The thing 1love about the
photo is that it's got everything
- the anger, the athleticism, the
physical dominance, the pure
brutality of boxing. One man 's
up, the other one's down.
C: What yo u 've gotta remember
is, in their first fight, no one
gave Ali a chance. Listan
was this monster, this ogre,
unbeatable. The boxing writers
all said beforehand that Ali was
gonna get killed in the ring. The
Los Angeles Times said the
only thing Ali can beat Listan at
is reading the dictionary. Befare
the fight, there were rumours
that Ali had run away to Mexico
because he was so scared.
A: Never in a million years did
anyone think Ali was going to
win.
C: Only Ali thought he was gonna
beat him.
B: And then, of course, Ali did
beat him.
A: lt shocked the world. And then
carne the re-match .
C: The photo is of their second
world title fight in 1965. lt's
the first round and, suddenly,
Listen goes down and no one
even sees the punch.
A: Even Ali doesn't see it. He
goes up to his trainers in the
cerner and asks, 'Did 1hit him?
Did 1hit him?' And it becomes
known as 'the phantom punch '.
B: The photo is one of the great
iconic images of all sport. lt
shows the century's greatest
athlete at his peak. Fantastic.
Discussion 2
D: What 1love about this photo is
the friendship and respect.
E: lt's what sport's all about.
F: Two legends of the game
swapping shirts on a hot
summer's day. Magic!
D: lt's justa great photo.
F: Of course, there's a story
behind the picture. lt was the
World Cup in Mexico in 1970,
and not many people had
colour film in those days.
E: lt was all black and white
photos until then.
F: Yeah, and the photographer, a
guy called John Varley, nearly
didn't make it to the game. His
car broke down and he had
to hitch-hike his way to the
stadium. Unbelievable. Brazil
won, as usual, and at the final
whistle, John Varley's hanging
around. He's waiting there with
his camera round his neck and
he's hoping, just hoping, Pelé
and Bobby Moore, the greatest
players in their country's history,
both World Cup winners, will
meet on the pitch. And they do
meet on the pitch. And Varley's
right there. Right place, right
time. Click click. History!
E: lt's a beautiful, beautiful picture.
D: lt's the sportsmanship that we
lave about it.
F: The thing 1always think of
when 1see that picture is the
respect, the camaraderie, and
the meeting of two icons.
Never will we see anything like
it again .
I!J@IIQ Recording 3
You won't get away with this!
2 Few people stand up to her.
3 We failed to come up with any
good ideas.
4 This has to be put down to
government incompetence.
S l'd rather go along with her idea
than risk another argument.
6 l'm looking forward to catching
up with Jaya.
7 1'11 try to get round to reading
your work this weekend.
8 You must stand up for what
you believe in.
9 The CIA didn't catch on to
what he was doing for years.
10 How do you put up with all
that noise?
11 She's never gane in for outdoor
sports like tennis or athletics.
12 lt all comes down to profits.
I!J@IIQ Recording 4
B = Beth M = Mike
B: OK, Mike. Here's the first
question. What's your favourite
film?
M: Groundhog Doy is one of my
favourites. lt's an all-time
classic.
B: What about your last holiday?
Where did you go?
M: 1went to Turkey with my
girlfriend. lt was idyllic.
B: What's the best concert you've
ever been to?
M: 1went to see Metallica in
Moscow. That was one of the
most .incredible concerts l've
ever been to.
B: OK, so what was the last
exhibition or gallery you went
to?
M: 1went to a contemporary
art exhibition in Barcelona
recently. lt was a total waste
of money. 1paid twenty euros
for the ticket, but there were
hardly any paintings to see. lf
there's one thing 1can't stand,
it's paying lots of money for a
ticket to something, and then
finding out it wasn't worth it.
B: Hmm ... contemporary art's
not my style anyway. lt's not
my cup of tea at all. What
about food? Can you tell me
about one of the worst meals
you've ever eaten?
M: That was something 1cooked
last week. 1was experimenting
but it went wrong. My girlfriend
was very polite, but it was
absolutely awful.
B: Oh dear. And lastly, what's
something that really annoys
you?
M: Annoys me? lt drives me up the
wall when people chew gum. 1
hate it.
UNIT 10 Recording 1
Greg Parmley, a thirty-eight-year-
old music journalist, has two great
passions: music and motorbikes.
So, as the summer music festival
season approached, and he
was sitting trying to think of an
excuse to get out of the office,
he suddenly had an idea. Why
not combine the two? He marked
all of the festivals he wanted to
visit on a map of Europe and
joined the dots. Befare long, he
had formulated a plan. He was
going to attempt a world record
for the most festivals visited in
a thirty-day period. Travelling
over 5,500 miles across thirteen
countries, his aim was to bike
around Europe attending twenty-
six festivals and enjoying music by
bands as diverse as Death Angel
and Trollfest, to Sting and Carlos
Santana. He decided to write a
blog as he travelled and sent in
weekly updates and reports to a
newspaper as well.
2 UNIT 10 Recording 2
Ever since he was a kid getting
into trouble at school for drawing
moustaches on his classmates' A: ls this offer something you'd
school work, people have been consider?
asking Peter Moore 'Why?' and B: l'd like to think about it.
'What did you do that for?'. 2
People have always struggled to
A: Will the machines be available
understand why he does things,
next month?
and it's been no different with his
latest adventure - travelling from B: 1'11 have to ask about that.
London to Sydney without flying. 3
lnspired by the Hippie Trail of the A: Are you ready to sign the
late 1960s when there was a trend contract?
for travelling East in order to find
B: 1need more time to consider it.
yourself, Peter's main motive for
the journey was simply to 'blow his 4
mind and enrich his life'. He was A: Will we get a discount?
sure to encounter a few problems B: 1can't give you an answer to
on the way. For a start, he didn't that right now.
really have enough money for S
the journey and, secondly, there
A: How long befare you can
were several borders that were
deliver the materials?
likely to be problematic. However,
unfazed by these issues, he set off B: Can 1get back to you on that?
from London Victoria. The book
he wrote, The Wrong Way Home,
describes what happened next.
3
'London2London via the World'.
This is what Sarah Outen has
chosen to call her latest adventure.
The idea? To travel around the
world using only human power.
Only travelling either on her pedal
bike or paddling in her kayak, she
aims to travel around the world
on an epic journey, crossing two
oceans and three continents. By
writing for her blog and sending
regular phone, video and Twitter
updates, Sarah hopes to inspire
young people back home in the
UK to learn more about the
world , science, geography and the
environment. People can follow
her journey and interact with
her along the route. Children at
school can send Sarah questions
or videos, and there are regular
educational updates on the blog,
too.
llllllil 4 N -i-a-m-h. lt sounds like 'knee'.
S His name is a good 'conversation
4A
e
1.1 starter' and people smile when he tells
B
them. But sorne people don't believe
him, or think he changed his name as IT2T3T4FST6T
maiden S surname a way to attract attention. His parents
called him James befare the name
e
2 up 6 middle
became famous so it wasn't their fault. 1 caught off guard S surplus
3 household 7 clear
6 Because when she uses a computer, 2 niceties 6 taken aback
4 after 8 made
spell-check always wants to change 3 smithereens 7 business acumen
The key word is Muhammad.
it. Her surname is probably from 4 aloof 8 deficit
2A Germany or Eastern Europe.
5
Recently 1 ar rr walking was walkin¡¡
D 1 body S ways
through the aisles of a bookshop
1 an act of defiance
when 1 vva~ rroticirrg noticed 2 soul 6 horse
2 now plain old
The title is the first thing the reader ~ 3 sheep 7 kid
3 of a compromise
seefng sees 4 box 8 neck
4 are absolutely baffled
lf she hadn't been changi11g chan¡¡ed
S a mixed blessing 1.3
That's OK, but l'nr p1 eferr i11g 1 prefer
6 the mists of time
t-think l'm thinkin¡¡ of writing a book
lt's something l've plarnred l've been SB 1 posed 4 flicker
planning lrrelevant informatio n: collecting stamps 2 presence S caricatures
from different countries and being 3 dismal 6 flattering
B
proficient in Word, Excel, PowerPoint,
a) Paul McCartney had been working 2
etc.
b) you've been working 1 e) 2 f) 3 e) 4 b) S d) 6 a)
Missing information: no information
e) it's probably getting about character 3
d) People in the book business are always 1guess it could be ...
saying, Publishers are always telling 1.2 2 l'd hazard a guess that .. .
e) 1was hoping, l'm expecting 3 1wonder if . . .
3 1 inquisitive 2 insensitive 3 conscientious 4 1 reckon it .. .
1 been crying 2 was wondering 3 eaten 4 thoughtful S obstinate 6 neurotic S lt seems to me that ...
4 is getting S was hoping 6 owned 7 mature 8 over-ambitious 9 obsessive 6 lt gives the impression that . ..
7 been doing 8 always move 1O perceptive 1 1 inspirational
7 lt appears to be .. .
9 is always telling 1O know 12 apathetic
8 lf 1 had to make a guess, l'd say ...
1 1 are thinking 12 been trying 2
4A
4A and B 1 a) 2 b) 3 a) 4 b) S e) 6 e)
1 T 2 F (They 're eating at Francesca's
As a schoolboy, Felipe was forced to 3 house.) 3 F (Anna laves spicy food.)
change his name to Philip. My mobile phone company keeps
2 Her parents were hippies. B
calli.og me every day. lt's driving me
3 His mother wanted to call him David, crazy. 6-ish/sixish S know
but his father wanted to call him 2 Beatrix is always asking us to come 2 couple 6 anything
Donald. and visit. 3 stuff 7 thing
4 Her name is d ifficult to read or say 3 .! 4 like that 8 stuff
because of the spelling.
S His name is James Bond .
4 My aunt would coming come a nd e
collect us from school and take us to vague nouns: (3) l've got plenty of stuff
6 Her surname- Sharf- is always being her house for the weekend. to be getting on with here; (7) Oh,
changed by spell-check. ª
S As rule, 1 like to try a recipe out on there's one thing 1was going to ask.
e my family first, befare 1 invite people
round to eat it.
quantifiers: (2) 1 need to pick up a couple
He reverted to Felipe as 'an act of of things . . .
defiance, a political act', because 6 1 have an indine inclination to be vague numbers: ( 1) 1'11 see you here at
Chicanos wanted to be recognised for rather disorganised. about sixish then.
their ancestry and their roots. ' Philip' 7 1 tend to agree with everything they generalisers: (S) Do you want me to bring
is on his official documents. say. lt makes things easier. anything, you know, ...
2 She thought it was 'pretty extreme'. 8 .! list completers: (4) l've just got to finish
She changed her name to Summer 9 Nine times out of ten, he'll be home so me work and sort the kitchen out and
Davies when she left home. by 6.30, but occasionally he'll get stuck stuff like that; ( 6) any kind of food or or
3 They compromised by calling him in traffic. anything like that? (8) Are you OK with
David Donald, but realised it was too 10 .! spicy food, you know, chilli and stuff?
long.
 •>.
i!JIIIIj 2 To the Ends of the Eorth 6 lf you wHt ask me, all hunting should j
3 Zen and the Art of Motorcycle be banned. In the eyes of any humane
S..
2.1 Maintenance person, it's an inhumane 'sport' .
cu
~
4 To /(j/1 a Mocking Bird 3
S Wild Swans The reality is (that) corruption is a en
1 effect 2 under 3 learning 4 trust
S learning 6 in
6 To Kili a Mocking Bird huge problem. e
2
7 To the Ends of the Earth 2 In my humble opinion, cars should be
banned from the city centre.
e(
8 Zen and the Art of Motorcycle
1 b) 2 e) 3 d) 4 b) S a) 6 a) 7 e) 8 d) Maintenance 3 A s far as l'm concerned, Kurt is the
9 a) 1O b) 1 1 e) 12 d) best candidate.
3
3 4 From what 1can gather, the company
1 epitomise 2 gripped 3 poverty-ridden
will merge next year.
1 g) 2 f) 3 a) 4 e) S h) 6 b) 7 e) 8 d) 4 poignant S premise 6 swamps
S For what it's worth, 1want to say 1
4A 4 love your ideas!
1 wish l'd studied 1 preconceptions 2 stereotype 6 lf you ask me, his early CDs are much
2 only 1hadn't 3 second thoughts 4 an open mind better than the later stuff.
3 1 would've been S narrow-minded 6 eye-opening 7 lf you want my opinion, 1don't like
4 if l'd listened 7 perspective 8 convincing that colour.
S 1wouldn't've known 5 8 Quite frankly, 1think she's a genius.
6 Supposing you 'd won 1 making 2 to have, to invite 9 1know you hate dogs, but loo k at it
3 changing 4 to be, to do this way: they are great guards.
5
S to have stolen 6 to have changed 4A
2 Because experience is vital,
7 to have to 8 being given 9 having
mountaineers don't usually reach their 1find that highly unlikely.
1Oto ha ve reached
peak until their forties. 2 1don't know about that.
3 My tennis has gone downhill as l've 6A 3 l'm not really sure about that/l'm
got older. 1 In fact 2 As a result 3 However really not su re about that.
4 1 was at a crossroads in m y career so 1 4 Nevertheless S On the other hand, 4 Where did you get that ide~ ?
had to make a move. 6 Consequently, 7 However, S That's very debatable.
S 1find a lot of his theories rather hard B
to swallow.
1./ 2./ 3X 4./ SX 6X 7./ REVIEW & CHECK 1
6 When 1 joined the company, my boss
said, 'You'll go far.' 2.3
7 This report says human cloning is only 1 comes 2 'm studying 3 changed
lA
a few years away. Hmm, that's food 4 moved S found 6 always teased
a) play devil's advocate
for thought. 7 called 8 makes 9 planned 1 w as planning
b) sit on the fence
8 He emails me with these ridiculous 1O been thinking 11 liked 12 hoped 1
half-baked ideas on how to improve e) speak your mind were hoping 13 're considering
the business. d) beat about the bush
e) have a vested interest
2
6B 1 a) live up to b) make
f) have an axe to grind
She is poor; Yes. she has a large family; 2 a) clear your name
She is from ltaly; Yes, people like her a B b) put your name forward
lot; She taught herself to read. 1 f) 2 d) 3 e) 4 b) S e) 6 a) 3 a) household name
e e b) maiden name

When did she move/ go to Brazil?

4 a) obsessive b) perceptive
1 sit on the fence 2 vested interest
2 What did her husband do? /What was 3 speak my mind 4 play devil's advocate S a) apathetic b) conscientious
her husband's job? S beat about the bush 6 axe to grind 6 a) prejudiced b) rebellious
3 How many children did she have? 7 a) solitary b) inquisitive
2
4 How long did it take her to learn to 8 a) obstínate b) neurotic
lf you want for my honest opinion, 1
read? 9 a) posing b) flattering
think smoking should be made illegal. .
S What did she think about the moon 10 a) caricatured b) flicker
2 There are no miracle diets. Look at it
landing? on this way: those diet ads are selling 3
6 How many people came/went to her you an impossible dream. Nine times out of ten he'll be right,
funeral? 3 From what that 1can gather, global but that is no guarantee.
D warming is a very real problem. lf we 2 1was forever having to apologise for
don't address it now, it'll be too late. his behaviour.
1 d) 2 e) 3 f) 4 a) S e) 6 b)
4 By according to the government, 3 Kids are prone for to eat too much
2.2 immigration is out of control. The junk food.
reality is immigrants bring many skills.
lB 4 Greg has a tendency to be critical,
S For what it's been worth, 1think which makes him unpopular with his
e) a detailed biography of a scientist
military service is a great idea. In my co-workers.
2 humble opinion, young people today S As a rule, most students finish their
Wild Swans need the kind of discipline that the coursework by the end of May.
army brings.

11
6 1'11 general! y to have just a piece of
toast for breakfast.
7 She was not inclined to get up early on
a Sunday morning.
8 When we were younger we would
spend for hours just playing in the
garden.
4 concerned e) From what 1can see
1 hand 2 black 3 life 4 ways 5 kids
6 busybodies 7 chatterbox 8 neck
S B
1 l'd hazard a 2 makes 3 suppose
4 1 reckon 5 pretty sure 6 gives
6 In Norrtalje, the gateway town to the
1 learning the ropes 2 trust your instinct
3 steep learning curve 4 second thoughts
5 open mind 6 whole new perspective
7 narrow-minded 8 devil 's advocate
9 speak his mind 1O beating about the
bush
7
would never have met
2 wouldn't have had to call
3 wouldn't have just gone
4 would you have done
5 would never have found
6 would probably be 1 would probably
have been
7 not going 1 not having gone
8 'd thought
9 'd realised you'd already done
1O 'd never had
8 restaurants, cobbled streets, clichés,
You've done really well, kid. You ' ll go
too far. •
2 lt started off well, but quickl y went
downhill bottom from there.
3 Thanks for those comments. lt's given
us some food for the thought.
4 lt was very shocking news. 1found it
hard for to swallow at first.
5 lt's no good wasting precious a\1
time worrying about things you can 't
change.
6 After all this time, 1 can't believe that
they 've come up with such a half-
baked for idea.
7 1think he's reached for the peak of his
career.
8 1found myself at a crossroads decisiort
and wasn 't sure what todo.
9 We'll need to put off aside so me
time to discuss this at the end of the
meeting.
1O You just can't afford to spend so much
time to watching television.
1 1 He has an incredible memory - he is
forever regurgitating on obscure facts
about things he has learned.
12 We knew we would have to move out
of the house, so it felt like we were
forever living on borrowed money
time.
9 private boat. The rule of thumb is that
1 Talking 2 Having spent 3 being 4 to be
5 spending 6 returning 7 to look after
8 to lead 9 winning 1O to hand over
1 1 (to) visit 12 not being allowed
lOA
a) Look at it this way b) As far as l'm
d) lf you want my honest opinion
e) lf you ask me f) The reality is
•.•,.
1 e) 2 a) 3d) 4 f) 5 e) 6 b)
1 b) 2 e) 3 a) 4 b) 5 e) 6 a) 7 e) 8 b)
9 e) 1O b) 11 b) 12 e) 13 a) 14 b)
15c) 16b) 17a) 18a) 19c) 20a)
21 b) 22 e) 23 a) 24 b) 25 b) 26 a)
27 e) 28 b) 29 a) 30 b)
llllllll
3.1
1 picturesque 2 run -down 3 bustling
4 ancient 5 unspoilt 6 magnificent
7 deserted 8 tranquil
2 rejuvenating the lungs. Roe deer skip out
2 a) 3d) 4 g) 5 b) 6 e) 7 f) 8 j) 9 n) / h)
IOh) / n) 111) 12i) 13m) 14k)
3A
terraced cafés, the smell of bread, busy
des igner handbags, poodles, the Eiffel
Tower, the Pompidou Centre, flea
markets, velib bi ke(s)
B
IT2F3T4F5F6T7T8T
4A
the Swedish island of Blido, in the
Stockholm archipelago
2 by boat
3 Midsummer is a good time to visit
because it is beautiful then.
4 radiant green like a fairytale
5 strawberries, herring, new potatoes
and sour cream
6 The atmosphere is tranquil and
relaxed . He says, 'the pace of life
soon slows' . The beautiful scenery
and naturallandscape (with deer)
contribute to the tranquil atmosphere.
B
The Stockholm archipelago consists of
over 24,000 islands and islets scattered
across the Baltic Sea. The nearest to the
shore are divided by causeways from the
mainland and possess all the amenities
of modern Sweden. Other islands are
served by free and efficient public ferries.
The outer islands are reachable only by
the further out, the greater the isolation.
First plumbing, then electricity disappears
until finally, out in the Baltic Sea, tiny huts
share a few metres of exposed granite
with just the wind and seals.
The archipelago is a place of beauty
at any time, but during Midsummer,
it's the place to be. On the way out to
the archipelago from Stockholm, the
road winds through the radiant green
landscape of a fairytale- forests, timber
houses, rye fields, fat cows. Wild flowers
nod in the hedgerows. Road signs warn
of rogue moose .
archipelago, the supermarket is packed
with trolleys the day before Midsummer's
Eve. The prescribed Midsummer foods
of strawberries, herring, new potatoes
and sour cream are flying off the shelves.
A worker complains that they 're shifting
a tonne of potatoes every hour. Heavily
laden cars lea ve the car park for the
islands.
For my inaugural Midsummer Eve, l'm
heading to the island of Blido. lt's not
remote - just two short ferry trips to
cross the bay- but the pace of life soon
slows. The air is luminously clear and,
scoured by sea breezes, feels like it's
of the path of bicycles on the roads.
3.2
lA
1 b) 2 d) 3 e) 4 f) 5 b) 6 a) 7 e) 8 e)
9a) IOb) lle) 12b) 13d) 14e)
B
1 b) 2 b) 3 b) 4 a) 5 a) 6 b) 7 b) 8 a)
2
1 poky 2 gaudy 3 room y 4 dreary
5 airy 6 shady 7 chilly 8 gloomy
3
1 a) 2 b) 3 e) 4 b) 5 e) 6 e) 7 a) 8 a)
9c) lOa) 11 b) 12b)
4
1 unprepared 2 understatement
3 overpowering 4 pro/anti-government
5 anti/pro-government 6 mismanaged
7 post-mortem 8 impossible
9 non-profit 1O malfunctioning
1 1 depopulated 12 pre-Katrina
13 irreversible
3.3
1 regeneration 2 congestion
3 abandonment 4 amenities 5 traffic
6 urban 7 infrastructure 8 tolls
2A
To start with, l'm going to talk brief
briefly about the beginnings of the
project. Just to give a bit of baeking
background information. we first
discussed the idea of a Cultural Centre
two years ago. The a111biti011 aim of the
project is to create a space for people
to see art, listen to music, and watch
films together. So the main ~goal of
our proposal is to provide a community
resource. The long-term blessi11gs
benefits include bringing the community
together and promoting the arts.
What we arrange plan to do is work with
local companies to involve them in all
areas of the project: design, construction,
maintenance, and services. While cost is a
major issue, our 1esolution solution is to
ask local government for grant money. In
the first imtant instance, this would mean
putting together our budget plan, and after
that we would write a grant application.
To dose sum up, we feel this is a very
worthwhile project for our community.
Are there any questions or things that
need clearing clarifying?
3
How about if we combine our ideas?
2 Let's look at it another way.
3 l'd like to propose a compromise.
4 ls there any way we can reduce the
costs?
S ls there any leeway regarding the
schedule?
6 Let's try to come up with a solution.
IIJOIIII
4.1
1 justice 2 arrest 3 innocence 4 release
S evidence 6 alibi 7 appeal 8 convictions
2 over the last 150 years. Today the
B: No, its nothing really. lt's just that
l'm worried about my interview
tomorrow.
2 B: Yes, it's about nine forty.
3 B: Yes, 1find it really hard to close
the safe once l've opened it.
4 B: lt's pointless calling him now. lt's
too late.
S B: Yes, l'd really appreciate it if you
could lock up when you go.
6 B: lt's no wonder you're ti red . You
hardly slept last night.
7 B: No, but l've heard that it's a
wonderful place for walking
holidays.
8 B: No, 1'11 leave it to you to decide
which one is most suitable.
3 well is protect people's right to their
1 hard 2 fault 3 help 4 appear
S amazes 6 wonder 7 pointless
8 appreciate
4 3 The world 's most industrialised
lt's a long way to the station from
he re.
2 lt's amazing how often we bump into
each other.
3 lt seems as if we're too late.
4 lt was suggested that the inquiry be
reopened.
S 1couldn't believe it when he gave me
his autograph.
6 1hate it when people let me down.
7 We owe it to him to tell him the truth.
8 lt's hard to know if we've done the
right thing.
9 1find it easy to get on with people.
1O 1'11 leave it to you to decide the best
way to deal with this.
S kind'. There was little organised
1 unjustly accused 2 a surprising number
of people 3 the true story of
4 protested his innocence
5 miscarriage of justice 6 rough justice
7 demanded justice 8 at that time
6A
Henry Roberts w as convi cted of a crime
he had not committed . He spent four
years 1 the rest of his life in jail. T he man
w ho was actuall y guilty of th e crime later
confessed.
B the earl y days of the Red Cross he
1 b) 2 e) 3 e) 4 a) S a) 6 e) 7 a) 8 b)
4.2
2 g) vii) 3 a) i) 4 b) viii) S e) ii) 6 h) v)
7 f) iii) 8 e) vi)
2
1 had been living 2 won 't have finished
3 to have won 4 Have yo u been waiting
S had buried 6 Have you been playing
7 not to have noticed 8 have you spoken
to 9 will have been working 1O has been
hiding 11 hadn't changed 12 Had she
discovered
3A and B
1 freedom of speech 2 civilliberties
3 !&j2ital P!!!J.ishment 4 economic
development S intellectual ¡¿rn¡¿erty
6 child labour 7 g\!0. control 8 il~al
immig@!;ion 9 environmental awareness
1O free trade
4A
2 The internet does many wonderful
things - it brings people closer
together, it promotes new forms
of creativity, e11te1 tai1 1111el1t is
p1 ovided 011 tl1e 11 1te111et it provides
entertainment and the 11 1te111et allov.s
it allows us to access information
quickly. One thing it does riot do
intellectual property.
countries are using up the planet's
resources. We drive too many gas-
guzzling cars, recycle too little, find-
tllat v.e a1 e p1 oduc:i11g produce too
much waste from packaging and too-
liiUd 1 Of OUI food is ti 11 OYVII avvay
throw away too much food. Some
simple habits can change our lifestyles
for the better and can also help to
save the environment.
SA
He helped to found the Red Cross,
whose flag is shown.
B
.. . He would la ter describe the
scene as 'chaotic disorder, despair
unspeakable and misery of every
medica! care. The French army had
fewer doctors than vets - horses
were more valuable in war than
men- so, abandoning his plans to
meet Napoleon, Dunant set about
mobilising local people to help care for
the wounded . ...
2 Dunant w as an unlikely hero. Born in
Geneva. he w as a poor student who
w ent on to beco me an evert worse
bu sinessman . Time and again he found
himself fleeing his debts. Even during
had t o resign from th e committee ....
3 He eventuall y returned to Sw itzerland
and settled in a small town called
Heiden . He withdrew from the
world, but all this changed in 1895
when an article was written about
The lnternational Committee of the
Red Cross. Six years later, he became
the first recipient of the Nobel Peace
Prize ....
4 From Dunant's early solo efforts,
the organisation has grown steadily
lnternational Committee of the
Red Cross has almost 100 mi ilion
members, who operate in war zones
all over the world. lts emblem, the
inverse of Switzerland's national
flag, is an international symbol of
humanitarian grace.
S .. . Befo re he died at the age of 82, he
stated that he wished to be buried in
Zurich without a ceremony. His wish
was granted. But fate had the last
laugh ... .
e
IF2F3T4FSF6F7T8T
D
1 aftermath 2 bloodbath 3 wounded
4 strewn S recipient 6 creditors
7 emblem 8 inverse
11
4.3
1 in 2 faced 3 weigh 4 take S the
6 mind 7 things/it 8 drawbacks
2 to do a tango course
Without a shadow bttt of a doubt, l'd
choose Johnny.
2 ./
3 lf it was for up to me, l'd never do
that.
4 No right way would 1 do that.
S ./
6 Far the better to be a living coward
than a brave corpse.
7 Given to the choice, l'd prefer to go
by plane than train.
8 l'd sooner to live here than there.
9 This would be by very far the best
option.
10 ./
3B
1 W 2 Not used 3 W 4 M S Not used
6 M 7 M 8 Not used 9 M 1O W
4A
1 b) 2 e) 3 a) 4 b) S e) 6 a) 7 e)
REVIEW & CHECK 2
2 lt was a IS-carat diamond necklace
with a gold chain that he'd given her.
3 We moved to the small border town
where we'd met for the first time.
4 They bought her a brand new red
sports c~r worth t:SO,OOO.
S He gota large multicolou red tattoo of
his daughter on his arm.
6 jodie bought a tiny grey Siamese cat
with a white mark on its face .
7 She married a charming Science
teacher from Jordan but based in
France.
8 Let's meet in the same ltalian
restaurant on the corner where we
ate mussels.
2 9 to have come across 1O l'd never
1 infrastructure 2 congestion 3 dreary
4 picturesque S unspoilt 6 deserted
7 run-down 8 gloomy 9 airy 1O bustling
1 1 chilly 12 ancient
3 6 myself 7 up 8 by
1 neither of which l've read
2 which case you can come to lunch
with me
3 none of whom had heard of Justin
Bieber
4 for which we should be grateful
S at which point 1 realised he was
famous
6 most of whom had been fans in the 60s
7 whose books inspired me to become
an anthropologist
8 in which that actor died
9 which time our plane had already left
1O both of whom love dancing, are going
4
2 irreplaceable 3 misbehaves
4 antisocial S immoral 6 overpopulated
7 malnourished 8 undercooked
9 decriminalised 1O prehistoric
5 3
3 to (to talk to) 4 strong S and 6 ./ 7
are 8 ./ 9 very 1O of 1 1 of 12 ./ 13
for 14 the
6 3
1 intellectual property
2 freedom of speech 3 previous
convictions 4 fresh evidence
S capital punishment 6 gun control
7 under arrest 8 early release
9 environmental awareness
1O child labour 1 1 illegal immigration
12 economic development
7
1 lt appears that
2 lt's believed that the 3 it will be easier
4 it makes S it's pointless 6 lt always
amazes 7 lt's no 8 love it
9 find it impossible 1O make it clear
SA
1 a) 2 e) 3 e) 4 b) S d)
B
a) justice by fleeing the country.
b) to the police to get the job done.
e) justice on each other every day of the
week.
d) justice, but he was past retirement age.
e) his own hands when he realised ~
had no choice.
9
1 has been discovered 2 had bought
3 had been planning 4 had belonged
S to have been 6 had been bringing
7 have been 8 has been working
imagined 1 1 1'11 have been living
12 1'11 have 'earned '
10
•.•,.
1 no 2 doubt 3 given 4 to S would
1 e) 2 b) 3 e). 4 e) S a) 6 e) 7 b) 8 e)
9c) lOa) 11 b) 12a) 13 b) 14c)
ISc) 16a) 17c) 18c) 19a) 20b)
21 b) 22 e) 23 e) 24 b) 2S e) 26 a)
27 e) 28 b) 29 a) 30 e)
IIJ@ilij
5.1
lA
1beans 2 away 3 slip 4 stay S doors
6 cat
2
1 should 2 may 3 had to 4 ought
S supposed 6 needn't 7 couldn't
8 better not 9 can 1O must
The boring weekly meetings are
compulsory for all employees.
2 Student protests may be banned if the
violence continues.
The former policeman was forced to
retire after nearly thirty-two years of
service.
4 From then on, nobody dared to ask
any more questions.
S l'm afraid that this kind of behaviour is
simply not permissible.
4A
1 b) 2c) 3a) 4a) Sb) 6a)
B
1 poignantly 2 barely 3 hardships
4 endure S intruding 6 imploring
SA
1 b) 2 a) 3 e) 4 a) S a) 6 b) 7 e) 8 a)
9c) IOb)
5.2
1 e) 2 a) 3 e) 4 b) S b) 6 a) 7 e) 8 a)
9c) lO a) 11 b) 12b)
2
What can be done about the problem
of global warming?
2 Today there are thought to be around
400 types of cheese in France.
3 When she was ten, Gracie had her
wisdom teeth taken out.
4 lt is said that ghosts have been seen in
this castle.
S All bilis must be paid by the first of the
month.
6 Oh no! My car has been stolen!
7 He must have been given the wrong
directions by Nick.
8 That medicine is not to be taken more
than twice a day.
9 Next Christmas, everyone in the office
will be given a € 1000 bonus.
1O 1940s legend Joe Louis is often said
to have been the greatest boxer in
history.
11 My mother is being operated on by
the surgeon right now.
12 He made his son apologise to us for
the mess, so the kid carne over and
said 'sorry '.
 3 2
Are you able to verify this?
2 In the 19SOs, the conventional
wisdom was that smoking was
harmless.
3 That myth needs debunking.
4 That theory has been disproved.
S The journalist decided to uncover the
facts.
6 The idea that bats are blind is a
commonly held perception.
4A and B
the myth that alligators live in the sewers
of NewYork
e going out of business.
1 e) 2 b) 3 e) 4 a) S e) 6 a) 7 b)
S 1 think 2 feel 3 interesting 4 suppose
2 a) She was hurt quite badly, but she
soldiered on ti!! the end.
b) Don't wait forme - !'m going to
be late. You just carry on.
3 a) The government is planning
to crack down on antisocial
behaviour.
b) You'd better slow down- that
pedestrian hasn't seen you.
4 a) She spent hours poring over those
documents and found nothing.
b) lf you have a problem, you can talk
it over with me.
S a) On Sundays, we like to lounge
around at home.
b) You can't mess around here in the
factory- it's too dangerous.
6 a) l' m just going to put away these
dishes 1 put these dishes away.
b) That concert was amazing. We
were completely blown away.
7 a) You're working too slowly. You
need to speed up.
b) He added so me avocado and feta
cheese to jazz up the salad.
8 a) 1 think they 'll pension me off next
year. 1'11 be seventy by then.
b) The match was called off because
they couldn 't raise a team.
9 a) Seeing you again brings back lots
of memories of school.
b) Try to think back to your
childhood; what can you
remember?
1O a) James real! y stands out in the
crowd, wearing that enormous
hat 1
b) You know l'm always prepared
to speak out against injustice,
wherever 1 find it.
5.3
1 scoop 2 investigative 3 truth 4 source
S injunction 6 leaked 7 sensitive
8 whistle-blowing
What !'m basically saying is that it
depends on the final result.
2 The point l'm trying to make is that
we can't afford to waste time.
3 The facts suggest that (the) high pri~es
are a consequence of a shortage in
demand .
4 Do you think that is always the case?
S ls there any way we can prove that? 1
ls there any way to prove that?
6 lf you think about it, it simply doesn't
make (any) sense.
7 Can we be certain of/about this?
8 Let me put it this way: the company is
3A
S hold 6 wanted 7 don't 8 going
9 stand 1O another
e 2 1wouldn 't be at al! surprised if
So, what do you think about the issue of
downloading music?
How do you feel about it?
Well, it's an interesting question to
consider.
1 suppose, if yo u think about it ...
Hold on a minute. 1wanted to say that .. .
But don 't you think that we should be
allowed to download for free?
Yes, but going back to what you were
saying about musicians earning money . . .
Where do you stand on that?
Sorry, and another thing .. .
lt's not something !'ve thought about
before.
IIJOIIU
6.1
1 e) 2 a) 3 e) 4 b) S b) 6 e) 7 a) 8 b)
9 b) 1O a)
2 1
1 b) 2 b) 3 e) 4 e) S b) 6 b)
3 Strange though it may seem, we were
1 have become 2 be using
3 to introduce 4 will S is 6 is going
7 won't 8 destroyed 9 have developed
1O could be 1 1 ha ve been
12 aren't going to disappear
4A
1 !'m gonna win!
2 l'll've become famous.
3 lt won't've changed much.
4 We'll 've been married for ten years.
S We'll need to be there at 1.00.
SA
ID2B3C4ESA
B
1 card 2 the Greeks 3 animals
4 astrology S (ancient) China
6 many years 7 lines 8 crystal ball
e
2 seer (e) 3 sought (d) 4 kin (f)
S traits (a) 6 remnants (b)
6
1 by 2 in 3 out 4 in S at 6 on 7 at
8 in 9 by 10 At
6.2
lA
1 everyday 2 mind 3 dead 4 barrier
S global 6 command 7 official
8 lingua franca
B
Her lingtta command of French is
fantastic. She candeal with any kind of
situation.
Mandarín or Farsi soon become franca
globallanguages, spoken al! around the
world.
3 1 simply don't understand the point of
studying a barrier dead language, like
Latín .
4 When my parents are around we have
to co1' 1n 1and mind our language!
S South Africa has eleven global official
languages, but many other languages
are commonly spoken , too.
6 lt is a really difficult working situation
because of the language mind barrier
between those who don't speak
Spanish and those who do.
7 We tend to use English at work as
a lingua 1angt:Jage franca because
everyone can understand it.
8 My official everyday Greek is OK for
getting around and buying things in
shops and cafés, but 1 can 't discuss
politics or anything like that.
2
d) 2 b) 3 e) 4 f) S a) 6 e)
3
the only people left at the end of the
party.
2 Despite having such a huge influence,
he was unable to secure the deal.
3 Whichever way you look at it, it's still
autism.
4 In spite of the surge in oil prices,
ministers have assured us that petrol
prices will remain stable.
S .1
6 However we go about things, it's not
going to be an easy assignment.
7 Even if we had managed to identify the
criminal previously, we would never
have been able to trace the jewels.
8 .1
11
4A
IT2F3T4FST6F
SA
The number of children outside
English-speaking countries who are
learning English in primary school has
rocketed.
2 There has been a surge in the size of
English-speaking communities in both
China and India.
3 The influence of the internet on the
English language is due to increase
dramatically.
4 The amount of information on the
Internet is soaring as it doubles its
content every ten hours.
S Until now, most of the internet's
content has been in text form, but
over the next ten years the Voice-
over-lnternet Protocol (VoiP) will
become dominant.
6 There will be a steady decline in the
amount of written text on the internet.
6.3
1 d) 2 a) 3 h) 4 e) S e) 6 g) 7 b) 8 f)
2A
Places: fashion shows, clubs, gigs, the street
(the Embankment, London) , Philadelphia,
Genoa in ltaly, India, Cambodia
People: kids on skateboards, factory
workers, fishermen, B-list celebrities,
washerwoman
Times: the past, 1980s
B b) bound
1 originate 2 attributed 3 this 4 origins
S result 6 stem 7 lead 8 traced
3 3 a) are likely
1 about 2 has 3 to 4 to S rise
6 back to 7 in 8 ha ve 9 from 1O in
4 others left without him.
1 them 2 .1 3 about 4 why S .1 6 .1
7 the (the all) 8 .1 9 to 1O .1 1 1 the
12.1
REVIEW & CHECK 3
She felt compelled to resign because
of the scandal.
2 He was suspended for using a banned
substance.
3 Car insurance is compulsory.
4 Few journalists dared (to) cover the
story.
S As a punishment, he was forbidden to
leave/from leaving the house.
6 We're supposed to check out of the
hotel by 10.30.
7 We needn't have ordered so much
food .
8 The plane was forced to land in a field .
2 4 Strange as it may seem, l'm actually
3 were 4 be S for 6 .1 7 ¡J.re 8 .1 9 for not very self-confident.
1O .1 1 1 .1 12 been 13 .1 14 was S Whichever method you choose, it will
1S for 16 .1 17 been be a difficult operation.
6 In spite of knowing her for years, 1 had
3 no idea she was involved in crime.
1 game 2 cat 3 beans 4 slip S intuitively
7 Despite being held up in traffic, we
6 fallacy 7 verify 8 wisdom 9 myth
arrived on time.
1O scoop 1 1 injunction 12 leak
8 .1
4
9
1 up 2 over 3 up 4 back S down 6 on
1 By 2 on 3 in 4 in S by 6 in 7 at
7 back 8 over 9 around 1O on 1 1 out
8 out, out 9 At, 1O out
12 out 13 down 14 off IS over
10
S
1 b) 2 a) 3 e) 4 d) S e)
1 that 2 case 3 point 4 think S evidence
6 put
6 ··~,.
1 b) 2c) 3a) 4b) Se) 6a) 7b) 8a)
Don't worry. l'm su re the plane will
9c) lOe) 11 b) 12b) 13a) 14c)
have landed by now.
ISb) 16a) 17b) 18c) 19b) 20a)
2 Ha ve you ever wondered what you
will be doing in ten years' time? 21 b) 22c) 23a) 24b) 2Sc) 26b)
27 e) 28 a) 29 a) 30 e)
3 The government is to pull out troops
from all neighbouring countries.
4 They are due to arrive any minute
now.
IIJIIIU
S The new law could spell the end of 7.1
freedom of speech as we know it.
6 When you get to the station, 1'11 1 will 1 stranded 2 trapped 3 a break 4 fled
be waiting fo r you outside. S took refuge 6 an escape plan
7 There is going to be a huge protest on
Saturday against the suggested cuts.
2
2 What 3 only 4 reason
8 That's fine. We '11 see 1 will see you
S liked 6 thing 7 lt 8 place
when we get there.
3
7
1 d) 2 f) 3 b) 4 a) S e) 6 e)
a) gathering pace
4B
2 a) a distant memory Four prison inmates planned an escape
b) are over from Alcatraz prison using tools to dig
tunnels, life-like dummies and a raft
made from raincoats. One man was left
b) the signs are
behind because he hadn 't finished digging
4 a) language barrier
the tunnel out of his cell in time, so the
b) dead language
S a) command
b) mind e
6 a) everyday 1 b) 2 e) 3 a) 4 a) S e) 6 b)
b) a global S
7 a) the imagination One problem for the men was that
b) a chord the waters around the island were
8 a) latest thing infested with sharks.
b) passing trend 2 What they used to make the raft
9 a) risen dramatically and inflatable life vests were stolen
raincoats.
b) lost its appeal
3 The reason West didn 't leave with
10 a) taking off
the other men was because he hadn't
b) word-of-mouth
finished digging out his escape route.
8 4 What they did to fool the guards was
Difficult though it may seem 1 it use a system of life-like decoys.
seems, HTML is not difficult to learn. S lt was West who masterminded the
2 Even if l'd warned you about the whole escape plan.
dangers, you wouldn't have listened to 6 What the guards didn't realise was
me. that the men had already escaped.
3 .1
6 2B
1 suspicious 2 opportunities
3 renovation 4 reappearance
S resourceful 6 tendency 7 strengthen
8 prioritise 9 harassment 1O exemplified
1 1 evasive 12 clarity 13 brighten
14 sympathetic IS applicants
7.2
1 a) 2 b) 3 a) 4 a) S b) 6 b) 7 a) 8 b)
2 5
1Having been brought up 2 Tied
3 Believing 4 Surprised
S Not having been 6 Stopping 7 Amazed
8 not wanting 9 told 1O Driving
3A
1 hang out 2 breather 3 mind off
4 unwind S take it easy 6 switch off
7 your hair down
B him hurt himself. Where's the logic
a) 4 b) 1 e) 6
4A
The purpose of the festival is to raise
money for Amnesty lnternational.
B 4A
1 e) 2 e) 3 d) 4 a) S b)
e easy. (OR 1think you just need to take
The first line is too formal. lt would be
better to use an informal expression
like Come to 1 Come and enjoy this year's
Freedom Festival'. Also, the paragraph
does not sound enthusiastic enough: the
word nice in 'a nice event' is weak, as is
the word good in 'a good cause' . There is
an unnecessary passive ('we are sure the
event will be enjoyed') where an active
would be better ('we know you will enjoy
this exciting event').
SB
1 Mike 2 Serge, Elizabeth
3 Elizabeth, Mike 4 Elizabeth S Dieter
6 Regina 7 Serge 8 Dieter, Elizabeth
e A: Oh l've got 2/ots.
1 squint 2 hazy 3 beaten-up
4 criss-crossed S vast open spaces
6 vintage 7 windi ng 8 scenic
7.3
lA
1 security detail 2 risk-averse culture
3 expose someone to unnecessary
danger 4 encouraging independence
. S mollycoddle 6 de liberately 7 deal
with danger 8 unsupervised 9 over-
protectiveness 1O take reaso nable risks
B 6 You were to be at the checkpoint at
1 unsupervised 2 mollycoddle
3 deliberately, unnecessary danger
4 encouraging independence
S reasonable risks, deal with danger
6 risk-averse culture
b)
3A
1 A: lf you let him carry on, then you'll
. .. then he's going to cut himself,
or fall into the river or something,
isn't he?
B: Oh come on. Surely you don't
think that?
2 A: 1 mean he could fall over and hit
his head on a rock or something.
B: Oh that's ridiculous. There's no
real danger. You can't honestly
think that.
3 A: 1suppose you've gota point about
thinking for yourself. lt's just that,
as a parent, or a mother, 1just
think 1would just naturally stop
him.
4 A: 1couldn't stand back and watch
in that?
S B: l'm with you 100 percent on that.
But there is no accident here. lt
just doesn 't make sense for tome.
There is no real danger.
1just think you need to take things
things easy.)
2 The point is that we are always late.
3 Surely you don 't think that's a good
idea?
4 Oh, come on, you must be joking.
S That's the whole point.
B D
That's the whole point.
2 The point is that we are always late.
3 1just think you need to take things
easy. (OR 1 think you just need to take
things easy.)
4 Oh, come on, yo u must be joking.
S Surely you don 't think that's a good
idea?
lllllll:l
8.1
2 1 was about to leave the office when
the phone rang.
3 You weren't supposed to tell her the
secret 1
4 We were meant to pay in advance .
S 1 was to have become a doctor, but
became a singer instead!
exactly Sa.m.
2 B: Yeah, 1suppose 3so.
1 e) 2 e) 3 b) 4 b) S a) 6 e) 7 b) 8 b)
9a) IOb) 11 e) 12c)
3
1 foreseeable 2 outset 3 the 4 about
S verge 6 years
The key word is future.
4A
The connection between the pictures
and the headline is that a tortoise lived
through all of the events in the pictures.
e
1 a) 2 e) 3 b) 4 a) S b) 6 e)
1 picture, words 2 judge, book
3 sight, mind 4 actions, louder
S absence, heart 6 built, day
7 ventured, gained 8 practice, perfect
9 home, heart 1O safe, sorry
1 1 place, home 12 practise, preach
6A
1 A picture is worth a thousand words
2 Don't judge a book by its cover
3 Out of sight, out of mind
4 Actionsspeaklouderthanwords
S Absence makes the heart grow fonder
6 Rome wasn 't built in a -ºªX
7 Nothing ventured, nothing gained
8 Practice makes perfect
9 Home is where the heart is
10 Better safe than sorry
11 There's no place like home
12 Practise what yo u preach
8.2
le
IF2B3E4ASG6D7C
1 peek 2 precious 3 engrossed
4 stooped S damp 6 slither 7 squirm
2A and B
A: What's your earliest childhood
memory?
B: l'm not sure 1have 1one. Why? What's
yours?
B: Have you [got lots of childhood
memories]? What sorts of things can
you remember?
A: U mm . . . [1 can remember] my father
telling me when my brother was born.
1 can remember that very clearly. And
[1 can remember] when 1first learned
to ride my bike.
B: [1] Bet you can't remember all the kids
from school.
1
A: No, 1 can't [remember all the kids
from school]. 1 can remember a few
[of the kids from school]. 1guess
every day was pretty much the same
at school, so it's harder to remember.
A: How aboutJim Bishop? [Do you]
Remember him?
B: Yes, [of] course 14do.
A: [Did you] Hear what happened to him?
B: No. What [happened to him]?
A: [He] meta girl from Mongolia, fell in
love, and moved 5there to live with
her.
B: You're joking!
A: No, l'm 6not uoking]. [l'm] Absolutely
serious.
3A
A: Having a good time?
B: Not really so.
2 A: See you later.
B: Yeah . .. see you on there.
3 A: You OK with that?
B: Yes, 1think so.
4 A: Been here before?
B: No, never do.
5 A: Think they 'll come back soon?
B: 1guess~ so.
6 A: Nearly have finished?
B: No, l've still got lots to do.
4 worries.
2 flooding 3 brings 4 holds 5 earliest
6 hazy/vague 7 distinctly 8 vague/hazy
SA
1 d) 2 f) 3 b) 4 e) 5 i) 6 e) 7 g) 8 h)
9 j) 1O a)
8.3
1 pushed 2 yourself 3 spare 4 pass
5 just 6 hands 7 world
2A
B: 1 know how what yo u mean.
B: Yes, but looking at it another way, you
could end up waiting for days.
2 Oh come on, you must be joking.
B: That's tn:tly true.
B: Yeah. Minding you, that's how the TV
companies make their money.
3
B: ~~oa11d yes Yes and no. lt depends
who's running them and what they are
for.
B: That's often the case in my company,
too. Although having told said that, 1
think it's better to discuss some things
face-to-face.
4 6 1 1 1agree with you up to a point.
B: l'm mtleh with you there. lt's a real
drag.
B: That's a good idea. That makes the
perfect sense.
3 5 verge 6 remember 7 hazy 8 time
1 But looking at it another way 2 Having
said that 3 Mind you 4 On the other
hand 5 1 never thought of that 6 1 know
what you mean
4 8
1 ls there anything we've missed? 2 Can
you go into the more detail? 3 What of
else? 4 Anyone managed to come up
with any other ideas? 5 Can you tell to
us more?
REVIEW & CHECK 4
3 to 4 ./ 5 so 6 ./ 7 ./ 8 what
9 ./ 1O ./ 1 1 that 12 something 13 ./
14 but 15 ./ 16 Of 17 ./ 18 that
2 1 b) 2 a) 3 e) 4 a) 5 a) 6 e) 7 e) 8 e)
The escaped prisoner took refuge
with us until it was safe.
2 We decided to make a break for it.
3 OK, everyone, relax and take a
breather.
4 l'm going to let my hair down at this
party!
5 1find it hard to switch off in the
evenings.
6 1 need to take my mind off all these
7 You should learn to take it easy.
8 You can take risks with your money,
not mine!
3
1 Having eaten 2 Told 3 not realising
4 Not having 5 telling 6 embarrassed
7 having made 8 handing 9 Attempting
10 Alerted
4
2 persuasive 3 glorify 4 Loneli ness
5 exhaustion 6 dominant
7 embarrassment 8 reappearance
9 strengthen 1O deeply 1 1 musician
12 modernise
5
2 You can't honestly think that's true.
2 3 1couldn't agree more.
4 Oh, that 's ridiculous!
3 5 Where's the logic in that?
6 1 suppose you've gota point.
4 7 How can yo u say that?
8 lt just doesn 't make sen se to me.
5 9 l'm with you 100 percent on that.
1O That's absolutely right.
12 Surely you don 't think that's
practica!?
6 Photo 1
1 hands 2 earliest 3 brings 4 pushed
9 about
7 Championship of the World)
1 to 2 was 3 to 4 was 5 to 6 would
7 not 8 to 9 have 1O would
2 e) i) 3 e) vi) 4 f) ii) 5 a) xii) 6 h) viii)
7 d) xi) 8 b) x) 9 i) vii) 1O g) iii) 11 1) iv)
12 k) v)
9
1 e) 2 d) 3 a) 4 e) 5 b) 6 d) 7 e) 8 a)
9 d) 1o b)
10
•.•,.
1 a 2 of 3 said 4 with 5 Mind 6 at
7 other 8 what
9a) IOb) llc) 12b) 13a) 14a)
15c) 16c) 17b) 18c) 19a) 20c)
21 b) 22b) 23a) 24c) 25c) 26b)
27b) 28c) 29a) 30c)
I!)@IIU
9.1
lA
1 well-received 2 striking
3 unconventional 4 overrated
5 offbeat 6 poignant 7 stunning
8 thought-provoking 9 impressive
1O compelling 1 1 bleak 12 charming
B
1 Vincent van Gogh 2 Auguste Rodin
3 Salvador Dalí 4 Avatar 5 Johnny Depp
6 Hilary Swank 7 The Rolling Stones
8 Bob Marley 9 Shakira 1O The Da Vinci
Code 1 1 Stieg Larsson 12 Dr Jekyll
2
1 had 2 supposing 3 time 4 rather
5 as 6 did 7 about 8 was 9 wanted
10 though
3
l'd rather go to the Manet exhibition.
2 1wish 1was/were rich enough to buy
that painting.
3 He acts as if he was/were a famous
artist.
4 She looks as if she didn't sleep at all
last night.
5 Supposing we borrowed his car, would
he mind?
6 This computer's ancient. lt's about
time 1 bought myself a new one.
7 Imagine you had 24 hours to live.
What would you do?
8 lt's high time they fixed this road. lt's
been like this for months.
4B
People: Muhammad Ali and Sonny Listan,
US boxers
Event: world title fight (for Heavyweight
Year: 1965
Winner: Muhammad Ali
Background to the story: In their first fight,
no one thought Ali would win but he did .
What happened just before the picture
was taken: Liston fell down, but no one
saw the punch.
Photo 2
People: Bobby Moore and Pelé, English and
Brazilian footbal/ers
Event: World Cup in Mexico
Year: 1970
Winner: Brazil
Background to the story: The
photographer, John Varley, almost missed
the game because his car broke down.
What happened just before the picture
was taken: the final whistle went and the
photographer Varley hung around hoping
Moore and Pelé would meet on the pitch.
5 1 d) 2 a) 3 b) 4 e)
1 You won't get away with this!
2 Few people stand up to her.
3 We fai led to come up with any good
ideas.
4 This has to be put down to
government incompetence.
5 l'd rather go along with her idea than
risk another argument.
6 l'm looking forward to catch ing up
withjaya.
7 1'11 try to get round to reading your
work this weekend.
8 You must stand up fo r what you
believe in.
9 The CIA didn 't catch on to what he
was doing for years.
10 How do you put up with all that
noise?
11 She's never gone in for outdoor
sports like tennis or athletics.
12 lt all comes down to profits.
6 6 rave
The stress is on the second word in the
multi-word verb.
9.2
1 g) 2 j) 3 a) 4 f) 5 b) 6 i) 7 e) 8 d)
9 h) 1O e)
2 7 totally 8 surprisingly
2 enough 3 All in al l 4 presumably
5 in order to 6 Reluctantly
7 for the·entire duration 8 likelihood
9 once a fortnight 1O as far as
3 6 The sound of the builders next door is
) 1honestly can't tell them apart.
2 Once in a while, we have a chance to
see Harry's cousins.
3 We offered to help when we saw that
the old lady couldn't cope by herself.
4 In all probability, it was my own fault.
5 She cautiously opened the suspicious
package.
6 Let's postpone the who le thing until 2A
everyone has recovered. Greg Parmley: around Europe; on his
motorbike; he wanted to break the world
4A
record for the number of music festivals
Q 1: What inspired you to take the path of
visited in 30 days
an artist?
Peter Moore: London to Sydney; w ithout
Q2: Who inspired you most along your
flying (by land); to 'blow his mind and
journey, and why?
enrich his life'
Q3 : Can you te// usa little bit about a
Sarah Outen: around the world; only on
normal da y in your life?
her pedal bike or kayak; to inspire young
Q4: What advice would you give to young
children to learn more about the world
artists out there?
B
B
1 30 2 5,500 miles, 13 countries
IE2B3A4C5 F
3 Sydney, flying 4 enrich 5 human
e 6 world
1 living the artist's dream 2 flipping
3
3 got the chance 4 noon
1 music and motorbikes 2 drawing
5A moustaches on his classmates ' work
3 she will send blog updates, videos and
Twitter messages (Tweets)
9.3 4
lA 1 b) 2 e) 3 a) 4 f) 5 e) 6 d)
1 lt's an all time classic. 2 lt was an idyllic.
3 Th at was one of the most incred ible
5
concerts l've ever been to. Never before had 1seen anything
4 lt was a total waste of money. quite like it.
5 lf there's one thing 1can 't stand .. . 2 No sooner had they finished the meal
6 lt's not my cup of jt:tiee tea at al l. than the waiter brought the bill and
7 it was absolutely avvful. 8 lt stands asked them to leave.
drives me up the wall .. . 3 Had they bothered to check the
weather forecast befo re they left, they
2 might have seen that storms were
1 No, it was a total waste of time. predicted.
2 Yes, he's an all time classic. 3 Oh no,
4 Not until they reached the tiny island
it's not my cup of tea at all. 4 No, 1think
did they realise how basic things were.
it's absolutely avvfu l! 5 Yes, 1think it's one
5 At no point did we even consider
of the most incredible places l've ever
inviting our extended famil y, as they
been. 6 Oh dear, there's nothing worse
don 't get on at all.
than getting lost.
6 Not only did he arrive late, but he also
3 forgot the ring!
1 fly 2 rant 3 mind 4 crave 5 speak
6A
1 b) 2 a) 3 e) 4 f) 5 e) 6 d)
4A
1 basically 2 honestly 3 undoubtedly
B
Hudleston set off on his voyage to
4 comp letely 5 simply 6 surprisingly
lndiain 1817.
7 totally 8 incredibly
2 lt was an epic trip crossing three
B continents.
1 complete ly 2 simply 3 undoubtedly
3 l've been working at it for weeks, but 1
4 incredibly 5 honestly 6 basically just can 't get t he hang of it.
4 lt was definitely the most exh ilarating
scene in the whole fi lm.
IIJ@IIIIel 5 1can't emphasise enough how
important it is to finish the project on
10.1 time.
lA
beginning to really irrita te me.
1 held up 2 an obsession 3 epic
4 depths 5 physical 6 humbled
10.2
7 gun-w ielding
B 1 b) 2 e) 3 b) 4 a) 5 a) 6 e) 7 a) 8 a)
1 humbled 2 epic 3 depths 4 held
9c) IOb) llc) 12b)
5 gun-wielding 6 obsession 7 privations
2
1 a) 2b) 3 a) 4b) 5a) 6a)
3A 3A B
3, 4 and 7 are grammatically correct. l'd like to think about it. 1 irritate
2 1'11 ha ve to ask about that. 2 undertake
B
3 1 need more time to consider it. 3 highl ight
1 had a baby girl two months ago.
Being a mother is every bit as 4 1 can't give you an answer to that right 4 journey
wonderful as 1 thought it would be. now. S grasp
2 During a stressful time, 1 sat on the S Can 1get back to you on that? 6 thrilling
North Rim of the Grand Canyon,
9
watching the sun go down and realised REVIEW & CHECK S 1 like 2 more 3 a 4 ev~ry S great/ good
my troubles were nowhere near as
6 any 7 more 8 the 9 nowhere
bad as l'd thought.
1O bit/little
3 lt's becoming more and more difficult 1 gave up 2 didn't 3 was 4 didn't have
to find work in my area, so finally to go S had 6 misunderstood 10
getting a job made a big difference. 7 sorted 8 you hadn't We want to sort this/it out as soon as
4 Losing my grandfather a year ago was 2 possible.
traumatic. 1was a lot closer to him 2 .!
a) compelling
than 1 am to my parents. 3 What do you have in mind?
b) stylish
S 1dropped out of college. The longer 4 Can you go into more detail?
1stayed, the more 1 realised it wasn 't 2 a) heart-breaking
b) thought-provoking S .!
forme .
3 a) poignant 6 What if we supported your idea?
6 1found religion in my fifties and as
b) charming
7 .!
a result my life became a good deal
better. 4 a) subtle 8 .!
7 1 finallyhad an operation l'd been b) off-beat 9 Good. That sounds acceptable to me.
dreading. lt was nothing like as bad as 1OGreat. We've gota deal.
S a) the idea
l'd feared . b) bright idea 1 1 Let me know if yo u ha ve any queries.

•.•,.
8 1 recently lost 30 lbs, and now 1feel 12 Get in touch if anything needs
6 a) seemed like a good idea
much better than l've felt in years. clarifyi ng.
b) gave me the idea for
4A 7 a) novel
The poem is the life story of an actor. b) ridiculous
8 a) rave 1 e) 2 b) 3 a) 4 e) S e) 6 b) 7 a) 8 a)
B
b) mind 9 e) 10 b) 11 e) 12 a) 13 b) 14 e)
IT2T3F4FSF6T7T8F
9 a) crave IS a) 16 b) 17 a) 18 b) 19 e) 20 a)
e b) fl y 21 e) 22 e) 23 e) 24 b) 2S a) 26 e)
1 tremble 2 besieged 3 bullet-ridden 27 a) 28 e) 29 e) 30 b)
4 sag S grace 6 flick 3
1 on his own 2 for his idea 3 readily
58 4 Not surprisingly S in five months
1 What 2 drawbacks 3 other 4 favour 6 quite possibly
S take 6 negative
4
e 1 in 2 up 3 down 4 with S up 6 around
contrasting arguments: 7 up 8 down 9 up 1O up
One of the benefits ... one of the
drawbacks; on the one hand . .. on the 5
other hand; those in favour .. . those 1 after 2 obsession 3 renowned
against; on the positive si de ... on the 4 esteem S shot 6 spotlight 7 set
negative side; 8 deferred 9 served 1O era ved
2 introduce a pro: 1 1 privations 12 dues 13 epic
14 overnight IS held 16 gun-wielding
What could be better than .. .
17 haggling 18 make
3 introduce pros or cons:
We need to take into consideration 6
the fact that ... 1 f) 2 a) 3 b) 4 e) S d) 6 e)

10.3 7
1 b) 2 a) 3 b) 4 a) S b) 6 a)

1 clarifying 2 if you have 3 What if 8A

4 we'll give S would be 6 1can do 1 thrilling
7 acceptable 8 got 9 sort this out 2 irritate me
1O resolve 1 1 ha ve in mind 12 go into 3 journey
2 4 highlight
1 g) 2 a) 3 d) 4 f) S b) 6 e) 7 e) S undertake
6 grasp them
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in a variety of teaching situations and helps to bridge the gap between the classroom
and the real world.

The Speakout Workbook contains a wide variety of practice exercises that review all
the language areas studied in the Students' Book:
111• Grammar, vocabulary and functionallanguage exercises help to consolidate and
extend new language.
111,. Extra practice in reading, writing and listening extends learners' skills.
111,. Regular review and check sections as well as mini tests allow students to check
their progress.

ISBN 978-1-4082-5956-6

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