Professional Documents
Culture Documents
De Bordes Foundation of Combat Science Presents SILAT Today Magazine SILAT Today Magazine January 2012 PDF
De Bordes Foundation of Combat Science Presents SILAT Today Magazine SILAT Today Magazine January 2012 PDF
01
ASKING THE WISE ONE
Science or Myth
OLAH RAGA
Duel of Fist
Editorial: Gm Richard Crabbe de Bordes
Traditional, Cultural & Technical Advisor: Maha Guru Sultan
SILAT NEWS
Adityo Bambang Mataram Hanafi
Creative Directorate: Gm Richard Crabbe de Bordes &
Kenneth Korankye CALENDAR OF EVENTS
Branding Directorate: Desiree Esquire Associates
Advertising & Sales Directorate: Mrs Lori Crabbe de Bordes
Production Directorate: Dobles Productions & De Bordes CLASSIFIEDS
Foundation of Combat Science
Correspondents: Guru-Besar M.Farid, Guru-Besar F.Pougary,
Master Parvez Alam Phd, Master Michael Koerner, Master
Andrey Baklanov,
Columnists: Guru Scott McQuaid, Guru Doc Ken Dority, COVER STORY
Printing & Publishing Directorate: De Bordes Foundation of ARTISTS OF JUNGLE WARFARE
Combat Science Maha Guru Sultan Adityo AND MANY MORE
Bambang Mataram Hanafi
On-Line Distribution Directorate: Dobles Productions &
CAMOUFLAGED AND READY
An interview with Maha Guru Richard Crabbe de Bordes
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
SERIAL NUMBER: 2144-DBFCS-7952 TO BE A PENDEKAR SUCI
“ The production reserve the right to reject any material at their discretion. The Poyang Lebeh Tradition
publishers do not assume responsibility for unsolicited articles, manuscripts, BENEFITS OF STRETCHING & FLEXIBILITY
photographs or illustrations though every endeavor will be made to ensure
A TRIBUTE TO A MINANGKABAU TRIBAL CHIEF,
material is returned provided it is accompanied by stamped addressed envelope. AN OFFICER AND A GENTLEMAN
The submission of material or manuscript shall be considered a warranty that such
General Anak M. Hanafi
matter is original and by no means infringes upon the rights of others.
Copyright worldwide of all editorial material is held by the publishers De Bordes EDITORIAL
Foundation of Combat Science. No reproduction is permitted without prior consent
in writing from the publishers. The views, reports and comments expressed herein W elcome to Silat today! magazine published by the De Bordes
are not necessary those of the editor or publisher and whilst every care is taken to Foundation of Combat Science (DBFCS).
check their authenticity, De Bordes Foundation of Combat Science disclaim any and A monthly publication, with its sole aim of reporting, promoting
all liability for any inaccuracies. The publishers is not responsible in any manner for and celebrating Pencak Silat, its allied styles, disciplines and
any injury which may occur by reading and by following instructions herein. It is personalities worldwide.
essential that prior to undertaking any of the activities described, the reader(s) Silat today! magazine attempt, is to present our cherish arts and
must seek the advice of a medical doctor. sciences of antiquity today in its entirety without fear or favor of
DISCLAIMER: De Bordes Foundation of Combat Science make no representation, any particular Silat lineage & national origin to the WORLD.
endorsements, guarantees or warrantees concerning the products and services I must confess that De Bordes foundation of Combat Science has
advertised within the magazine. We are merely an advertiser for such products and always wanted to publish a magazine of this stature to convey this
services. NO HOLDS BARRED message to the martial arts world, it has been
We expressly disclaim any and all liability relating to or arising from the sale, a long time coming but we say, better late than never.
manufacture distribution, use, misuse or other act of any party with regard to such Hope my 40 plus yrs study and practice of the martial arts and
product and services “ sciences & decades of threat management field work will help my
PUBLISHED BY: editorial submission.
De-Bordes Foundation of Combat Science Tons of thanks to my wife Lori & my daughters Kirby Ricarda &
Paloma Yul for your unflinching love and support whiles I continue
Website: www.de-bordes-fcs.com
to indulge in everything Silat. To my students and their students
around the globe I say you ROCK.
01/SILAT today! Magazine
Grueling workout
Upon my return to England, I was assessed in
London for the status of ‘pendekar’ (teacher). I
went through a grueling workout after which I had
to fight off three Silat players one of which was
Pendekar Bennett.
Studies such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language were also mandatory. That was
in the good old days when students were called disciples and were willing to go the extra mile in their quest.
Frank: It is said that you are one of the pioneers of Indonesian martial arts in England, is that true?
Frank: Grandmaster Richard Crabbe de-Bordes, you have proven undoubtedly that you are a man of many talents. You are an
innovator, a pioneer, a brilliant orator and a true leader, one of the best if I may say so. I am without a doubt that you will be a
worthy editor of SILAT today! Magazine. Thank you.
Grandmaster: Thank you, Mr. Haywood and may the Almighty God richly bless you and your martial research work. Also I would
like to say this” “ If I have seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants.” Thank you Mas Dito for being
one of those principal giants.
$540
$45
$45
VISIT : www.de-bordes-fcs.com
Image and Branding Consultants: Corporate, Personalities and Events
“The way of the warrior with its tenets which include leadership,
hardwork, belief in self & collective self steers the path for greatness
& out of nothingness we will succeed.” GM Richard Crabbe de-Bordes.
Folks, Live long, Healthy & be Prosperous.
JEFF CROWNER KNIVES
True Hard-Use Blades. Handmade in Oregon, Tested & Employed Worldwide
Jcrowner
My knives and designs are steeped in more than 25 years of military, martial arts, combatives and wilderness
experience. The highest quality materials coupled with excellent blade geometry, well thought out design and
attention to detail are what go into my custom and handmade blades and tools. Furthermore, each blade prototype
is thoroughly tested by a team of independent subject matter experts before becoming available for sale. Please
send an email with a phone number to discuss your needs, as I find the phone is better in terms of getting us on the
same sheet of music.
1565 Samuel Drive Cottage Grove, Oregon 97424 contact info
jeffcrowner@crownerknives.com jcrowner1@netzero.net
It seems to me that if you were to provide any two knifemakers with the same quality of raw materials and ask them
to produce a certain kind of blade for a certain kind of job, you'd be leaving them with just two critical areas in which
they could outdo one another: design and craftmanship. Expertise in these aspects is born only out of experience
and to some far lesser degree, raw talent.
When I talked to Jeff Crowner about his designs and posed some pointed questions about his choices in material and
geometry I realized pretty fast that I was talking to someone who not only knew exactly how to make knives
properly, but also someone who knew how to employ them expertly. Without going into too much detail
(Opsec/Persec/Etc) I'll say that if I'm going to have to throw down with somebody in a dark alley with blades--Jeff is
the absolute last person I'd want to square up with. Period. So you'll have to take me at my word that in this respect
too, Jeff's combatives knowledge follows a centuries old tradition. His roots in the Indonesian and Filipino blade arts
go seriously deep and his ability to wield a blade is profoundly scary.
All I can really say is that as a bushcraft and survival instructor, tracker and private security professional, knives are
an essential part of my toolbox. I carry and use blades every day in work and personal capacities. I follow the adages
to 'Always upgrade your weaponry' and 'Buy cheap, buy twice.' I research and fact-check and test and re-test all of
were appointed President and Vice-president, respectively, were the document's signatories.
Declaration event
The draft was prepared only a few hours earlier, on the night of August 16, by Sukarno, Hatta, and Soebardjo, at Rear-Admiral
Maeda (Minoru) Tadashi's house, Miyako-Doori 1, Jakarta (now the "Museum of the Declaration of Independence", JL. Imam
Bonjol I, Jakarta).
The original Indonesian Declaration of Independence was typed by Sayuti Melik. Maeda himself was sleeping in his room
upstairs. He was agreeable to the idea of Indonesia's independence, and had lent his house for the drafting of the declaration.
Gen. Sukarno & Hanafi Family Gen. Sukarno & Heads of Non-Aligned Nations
Marshal Terauchi, the highest-ranking Japanese leader in South East Asia and son of Prime Minister Terauchi Masatake, was
however against Indonesia's independence, scheduled for August 24. While the formal preparation of the declaration, and the
official independence itself for that matter, had been carefully planned a few months earlier, the actual declaration date was
brought forward almost inadvertently as a consequence of the Japanese unconditional surrender to the Allies on August 15
following the Nagasaki atomic bombing.
The historic event was triggered by a plot, led by a few more radical youth activists such as Adam Malik and Chairul Saleh, that
put pressure on Soekarno and Hatta to proclaim independence immediately.
The declaration was to be signed by the 27 members of the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI)
symbolically representing the new nation's diversity. The particular act was apparently inspired by a similar spirit of the United
States Declaration of Independence.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 14
However, the idea was heavily turned down by the radical activists
mentioned earlier, arguing that the committee was too closely
associated with then soon to be defunct Japanese occupation rule,
thus creating a potential credibility issue.
Instead, the radical activists demanded that the signatures of six of
them were to be put on the document. All parties involved in the
historical moment finally agreed on a compromise solution which
only included Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta as the co-signers
'in the name of the nation of Indonesia'
Soekarno had initially wanted the declaration to be read at Ikada
Plain, the large open field in the centre of Jakarta, but due to
unfounded widespread apprehension over the possibility of
Japanese sabotage, the venue was changed to Soekarno's house at
Pegangsaan Timur 56.
In fact there was no concrete evidence for the growing suspicions,
as the Japanese had already surrendered to the Allies, The
declaration of independence passed without a hitch.
The proclamation at 56, Jalan Pegangsaan Timur, Jakarta, was
heard throughout the country because the text was secretly
broadcast by Indonesian radio personnel using the transmitters of
the JAKARTA Hoso Kyoku radio station. An English translation
General Sukarno of the proclamation was broadcasted overseas.
PROKLAMASI
Kami, bangsa Indonesia, dengan ini menjatakan kemerdekaan Indonesia.
Hal-hal jang mengenai pemindahan kekoeasaan d.l.l., diselenggarakan
dengan tjara saksama dan dalam tempo jang sesingkat-singkatnja.
Djakarta, hari 17 boelan 8 tahoen 05
Atas nama bangsa Indonesia,
Soekarno/Hatta.
Silat is a thinking man's ( or woman's ) art and any one who wishes to survive combat ( in any combative methodology) must
have some common sense and decide when and where to most appropriately use certain skill sets. Ground technique would
not be the harimau skill set to choose with a 70+ pound pack on your back . But if, prior to contact, you drop your heavier gear
at some rally point, ground technique could serve you well if you need to work and move low to stay under cover and
concealment and under the trajectory of shrapnel and bullets. If you find someone charging up on you while you are still on
the ground you will still have some options and will not be totally disadvantaged. I have had no problems using the art in my
shoes and boots but you have to undergo the training and joint conditioning needed to effectively make "smooth hands-free "
transitions from the ground to standing positions and back and then you have to learn if you need to make personal
adjustments based on your individual bodies abilities. Having a "hands free " ability has
Allowed me to be able to keep a firearm directed down range while moving from prone to standing and back , so there definitely are some
skills useful to the modern self defense or combat practitioner.
Over the course of training , one learns to fall , roll and leap onto concrete and other surfaces without being hurt. Break falls and rolls are
fine but we often prefer other options that offer immediate counter attack rather than doing a breakfall ,then after settling on the ground
,starting a counter attack. There is training for the eyes to help reduce tunnel vision under stress . Through breathing sets, one learns how
to quickly activate the neuro-endocrine system and "warm up " their body for combat in seconds rather than having to go for a jog, do
jumping jacks, stretch, etc . The breathing sets are also used under physical duress to teach the student to control the tendency to
hyperventilate and to control fear during oxygen deprivation. One learns weapon use on the ground as well as standing and learns an
approach to "locking, pinning and binding " on the ground that seems oddly loose to most folks .This approach allows one to scan for
possible weapons that might get drawn by the opponent. Those same positions are actually used, more realistically to quickly to break
and rupture joints rather than hold for submission. Surprisingly, they can be quickly rolled out of and /or simply standing will free the
Harimau practitioner from holding his enemy in a knot on the ground.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 19
Sometimes the most aggressive useful combat movements are not
really shown in open public seminars and what appears to be a lock may
actually be a traumatic blow meant to dislocate or break a joint. The lock
or lever is actually a "what if the blow does not create the effect I desired
?" sort of thing. Kicks are often used as well as rolls to propel the
practitioner down through an opponent's joints and/ or allow him or
her to move across space . Again, the knowledgeable Harimau
practitioner is more like a yo -yo. he goes down but is then back up . He
would not , in the midst of a crowd of enemies, plop to the ground and
wait there for everyone to pile on him or surround him. This is probably
the biggest misconception I hear from other silat players, but to be fair
the low position is the only aspect of Harimau they have been
introduced to. Low and high Kudas ,rolls, kicks and langkah are all meant
to keep the Harimau practitioner moving like a tiger through the trees
and undergrowth of a forest. The Langkah incorporate directional
changes ,flanking and turning meant not just to evade but also to allow
one to continuously visually scan the area and avoid tunnel vision. In
practice ,the Harimau player will be moving rather than in a static
position, especially when low. He is more likely to pounce on you high
and carry you down into the ground and within moments be right back
up. My teacher Maha Guru Richard Crabbe De-bordes holds his
students to a 4 Second Rule. One must enter ground the opponent and
incapacitate him and be up and out , ready for the next opponent in no
more than 4 seconds , if not less. He is also an advocate of immediately
"Shocking" the opponent. There is no defense.only immediate counter-
offense. On the opponent's attack, one must immediately take the
advantage of initiative from the opponent and punish him for his attack,
placing the attacker on the defensive.
The Boxer hits the heavy bag , the Karateka hones his punch on the
makiwara, the Kenjustsu practitioner refines the stroke of his sword and
the Silat Harimau man practices his kudas. Kuda or "posture" training is
a cornerstone of Silek Minangkabau Harimau , as we practice it. This
develops the tendon, muscle and ligament strength requires for our
transitions through high to low positions and back while allowing for
those transitions to be explosive rather than sluggish. While kicks and
hand striking are taught from these positions, they are not just
platforms to fire these weapons from . In Silat Harimau they ARE the
weapons. The kudas are actually body positions used to smash through
or fly onto the opponent in. So, in this system, one will not find students
practicing useless or meaningless stances that are never seen in
application. If a Harimau man or woman is practicing a kuda , you WILL
see it in application often in ways never expected.
Philosophically , the Silat Harimau practitioner emulates the tiger ,
rather than imitating him. He adapts the strategies, tactics and
movement principles to human combat but you will not see him
contorting his body to imitate how a big cat might appear. The Tiger may
elect to go straight in for the kill if the opponent makes a mistake , but he
often will evade off line to create momentum or to generate potential
energy as in a coiled spring while at the same time protecting himself.
Then without hesitation he flies on to or through his opponent. I have
heard some other system's teachers( who did not know our principles)
look at a salutation or langkah and comment that that backward or
sideways step automatically "programs " the student for defeat. I'd
argue it does not any more than the backward cocking of a pistol's
hammer programs the shooter for defeat.
worked through how to counter the opponent's follow up to the initial attack. While speed and reflexive response in these
situations are essential , fear can be controlled and responses will be more effective and appropriate. Guru Besar Herman
Suwanda used to have some wonderful sets that had students going to their back. These were never meant as material that
required one to go preferentially to their back, but instead offered many options to one who found themselves on the ground (
for whatever reason) with someone above them either attempting some sort of grappling seizure or raining punches down on
them. Ground work is more often about disadvantaged positions. Attackers are not in the business of giving you a fair chance.
They attack while you are looking at that flat tire or checking for a leak under your automobile. They attack you while you are
sitting. If you stumble and fall they will immediately be on you rather than giving you a sporting chance to stand up and face
them. One may be on a bed and suddenly realize there is a home invader standing by them . A lady may be on a couch and
unexpectedly find a date being disagreeably aggressive with her. The ground work of harimau finds a place in all of these very
real situations.
Many arts have very nice ways of handing the ground game , Silat Harimau is known for its work in this aspect of human
combat , however, since many people have not seen the complete art of Silat Harimau,I often hear or read statements that, to
me reflect a limited knowledge of this art. I hope this note helps give food for thought.
With Respect .
In 1966, Grand master Hanafi accompanied his father to Cuba, where the latter had been appointed an Indonesian Ambassador
in Havana. He entered the University of Havana and majored in Anthropology and AFRO - Cuban Culture. His interest in Afro-
Cuban culture brought him to the practice of African spirituality in the form of Abakua and Palomayombe.
Mas Dito as Grand master Hanafi is popularly known, introduced the tiger fighting style which is the core principle of his Jungle
Warfare system to the western world in the 1960s.This legacy began in Cuba.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 22
Grand master Sultan Adityo Bambang Mataram Hanafi
French Foreign Legion
French Police( Anti gang et de stupefian )
He was a political activist in the Cuban Revolution and taught his jungle warfare(Silat) to legendary names like
Ernesto "Che" Guevara, Fidel Castro and also elite groups in the famous Cuban Military and Seguridad del Estado
(Cuban State Security).
Eventually relocating to France in 1971 due to political reasons.
Grandmaster Hanafi galvanized his thousands of followers for decades and through hard work which knew no
bounds, the ones that survived the challenge, became phenomenal masters such as; Guru Besar Jean Francois
Pougary and Maha Guru Richard Crabbe De-Bordes.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 24
Grandmaster Richard De-Bordes took his acquired Pencak Silat knowledge a step further by
developing Urban Warfare Style and introduced it to London, England first then progressed
to U.S.A, Canada, South America, Africa and now the Russian Federation.
Exemplary warriorship
Exemplary Leadership qualities
Exemplary lineage propagating qualities
Exemplary lineage, sriwijaya & majaphahit Pencak Silat research abilities
A visionary
The 10% are considerations which are the sole prerogative of the lineage holders-the Hanafi family.
The ff are the list of eminent personalities who have attained this honorary title and their exemplary
work has influenced the growth of Pencak Silat Worldwide and also serve as beacons of light in Military
affairs, resistance struggle, International Diplomacy, Industry & Commerce, Politics, Governance,
Chieftain and also Spirituality.
1. Pendekar suci Poyang Lebeh 1610
14. Kiayi Hadyi Komar Djirebon
2. Depati Nata Raja
15. Sultan Adityo Banbang Mataram Hanafi
3. Depati Gya Raja
16. Roger Pascal
4. Setia Raja
17. Versini Alain
5. Jumadil Dipati Raja Khalipa
18. Raux Alain
6. Depati Pengeran Layang Negeri
19. Goarnison Luc
7. Pengeran Adi Mulia
20.Chauffeur Gerald
8. Merah Husin
21. Farid Mohammed
9. Neko Radjo Api
22.Richard Crabbe de-Bordes
10.Merah Kabri Pesirah
23. Don Juan Barrenetxea
11. Gen.Anak Marhaen Hanafi
24.Frank Picot
12. Randen Pandji
25.Francois Pugary
13. Kakek Amado
D.B.F.C.S Salutes 400 years of the Hanafi Lineage.
May the Almighty richly bless you! JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 26
“THE COMPLETE SILAT
LIFESTYLE BRAND”
www.de-bordes-fcs.com
OLAH RAGA
Duel of Fist
The Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia (IPSI) or Indonesian Pencak Silat Organization is a national umbrella organization for
Indonesian pencak silat schools. It was funded in 1948 after Indonesia gained independence from the Dutch colonialists to
foster the development of pencak silat in the new country as part of a broader effort to promote cultural unity.
A meeting held in Solo (Central Java) which established a national pencak silat committee was chaired by Mr.Wongsonegoro ,
and composed of Soeria Atmadja (vice chairman), Marijoen Soedirohadiprodjo (secretary), and Soeratno Sastroamidjojo
(treasurer), it was eventually formalized into the Ikatan Pencak Seloeroeh Indonesia (IPSI: Association of Pencak from the
Entire Indonesia). In 1973 the official name was changed into Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia (IPSI), to include 'pencak' as well as
'silat' schools and practitioners. Mr. Wongsonegoro was IPSI first chairman from 1948 until 1973, then followed by Tjokropranolo
(1973-1978) and Eddie M. Nalapraya (From 1978).
The members of IPSI are independent pencak silat perguruans spread all over Indonesia. It is said that IPSI counts more than
800 pencak silat perguruans from 26 provinces as its members.
The structure and organization of IPSI is based on a set of written statutes and rules approved by all the members, which among
others define the relationship between the various perguruan and their national organization. IPSI's three main aims are:
1- To develop its members and to look after unity
2- To coordinate and lead its members dealing with its efforts to perpetuate, develop and socialize pencak silat and its values.
3- To use pencak silat and its values as means to build up good quality humankind, in a mental, spiritual and physical sense.
The Indonesian government recognizes IPSI as the only official pencak silat organization, which has the legal right to deal with
all matters concerning pencak silat nationally. The national offices of IPSI are located in Jakarta, at the Padepokan Nasional
Pencak Silat Indonesia, Jalan Raya Taman Mini Indonesia Indah no.1. From there, IPSI supervises its regional administrative
units at provincial level, 2nd regional administrative units at district level, and sub district administrative units.
Kris history is generally traced through the study of carvings and bas-relief panels found in Southeast Asia. It is widely believed
by archaeologists that the earliest kris prototype can be traced to Dong Son in Vietnam circa 300 BC. From there, the design
would have been brought into present-day Malaysia by Cham migrants who made their way into the Malay Peninsula twenty
centuries ago. Another theory is that the kris was based on daggers from India.[4] Frey (2003) concludes from Raffles' (1817)
study of the Candi Sukuh that the kris recognized today came into existence around 1361 AD in the kingdom of Majapahit in
Java. The scene in bas relief of Sukuh Temple in Central Java dated from 15th century Majapahit era, shows the workshop of a
Javanese keris blacksmith. The scene depicted Bhima as the blacksmith on the left forging the metal, Ganesha in the center, and
Arjuna on the right operating the piston bellows to blow air into the furnace. The wall behind the blacksmith displays various
items manufactured in the forge, including kris. These representations of the kris in Candi Sukuh established the fact that by the
year 1437 the kris had already gained an important place within Javanese culture.
There exist claims of earlier forms predating the Majapahit kris but none are verifiable. In the past, the majority of kris had
straight blades but this became less frequent over time. Some of the most famous renderings of a kris appear on the Borobudur
temple (825 CE) and Prambanan temple (850CE). Tome Pires, in early 16th century, describe the importance of Kris to the
Javanese:
... every man in Java, whether he is rich or poor, must have a kris in his house .. and no man between the ages of 12 and 80 may
go out of doors without a kris in his belt. They carry them at the back, as daggers used to be in Portugal.
Kris were worn on a daily basis, especially when travelling because it might be needed for self-defense against wild animals or
bandits.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 29
During wartime it is the weapon of choice together with kris-edged spear (tombak).
During time of peace, people wore kris as part of ceremonial attire. Ceremonial kris oftern
meticulously decorated with intricate carving in gold and precious stones. Heirloom blades
were handed down through successive generations and worn during special events such
as weddings and other ceremonies. Men usually wore only one kris but the famous admiral
Hang Tuah is said in the Hikayat Hang Tuah to have armed himself with one short and one
long kris. As women were also permitted to learn silat, they sometimes also wore kris,
though of a smaller size than a man's. In battle, a fighter might carried more than one kris,
some carried three kris: his own, one from his father-in-law, and one as a family heirloom.
The extra two served as parrying daggers but if none were available, the sheath would
serve the same purpose.
Kris were often broken in battle and required repairs. Yearly cleanings, required as part of
the spirituality and mythology surrounding the weapon, often left ancient blades worn and
thin. The repair materials depended on location and it is quite usual to find a weapon with
fittings from several areas. For example, a kris may have a blade from Java, a hilt from Bali
and a sheath from Madura.
In many parts of Indonesia, the kris was the choice weapon for execution. The
executioner's kris had a long, straight, slender blade. The condemned knelt before the
executioner, who placed a wad of cotton or similar material on the subject's shoulder or
clavicle area. The blade was thrust through the padding, piercing the subclavian artery
and the heart. Upon withdrawal, the cotton wiped the blade clean. Death came within
seconds.
In 16th century, European colonial power introduced firearms into the archipelago that
contribute to the decline of kris' prominence as the weapon of choice in battle. However its
spiritual and ceremonial function still continued and celebrated mainly in kratons and
istanas (courts) throughout Indonesia and Malaysia.
Cultural beliefs
Krises were worn at special ceremonies, with heirloom blades being handed down through
successive generations. Both men and women might wear them, though those for women
are smaller. A rich spirituality and mythology developed around the weapon. Krises are
used for display, as talismans with magical powers, weapons, sanctified heirloom,
auxiliary equipment for court soldiers, as an accessory for ceremonial dress, an indicator
of social status, a symbol of heroism, etc.
In Javanese culture kris is revered as tosan aji (Javanese for "sacred heirloom weapon")
and considered as pusaka. Kris is believed to have ability to infused bravery upon its
holder, this property is known as piyandel in Javanese which means "to add self-
confidence". The pusaka kris or kris-tipped spear given by a Javanese king to nobles or his
subjects, was meant to symbolize the king's confidence bestowed upon the receiver and
considered as a great honor. During Javanese wedding ceremony, kris is required to be
adorned with chains of jasmine flower arrangement as an important part of Javanese
groom's wedding costume. The addition of jasmine arrangement around the kris was
meant as a symbol that a man should not easily be angry, cruel, fierce, too aggressive,
tyrannical and abusive.
Kris-makers did more than forge the weapon, they carried out the old rituals which could
infuse the blade with mystical powers. For this reason, kris are considered almost alive
because they may be vessels of spirits, either good or evil. Legends tell of kris that could
move of their own volition and killed individuals at will. Some kris are rumored to stand
upright when their real names are called by their masters. It was said that some kris
helped prevent fires, death, agricultural failure, and many other problems. Likewise, they
could also bring fortune, such as bountiful harvests. Many of these beliefs, however, were
erroneously derived from the possession of different kris by different people.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 30
For example, there is a type of kris in Java that was called Beras Wutah, which was believed to grant its possessor
an easy life without famine. In reality, this kris was mainly assigned to government officers that were paid, in whole
or in part with foodstuff such as rice.
There are several ways of testing whether a kris is lucky or not. A series of cuts on a leaf, based on blade width and
other factors, could determine if a blade was good or bad. Also, if the owner slept with the blade under their pillow,
the spirit of the kris would communicate with the owner via dream. If the owner had a bad dream, the blade was
unlucky and had to be discarded, whereas if the owner had a good dream the dagger would bring good fortune.
However, just because a blade was bad for one person didn't mean it would be bad for another. Harmony between
the weapon and its owner was critical.
Because some kris are considered sacred and believed to possess magical powers, specific rites needed to be
completed to avoid calling down evil fates which is the reason warriors often made offerings to their kris at a shrine.
There is also the belief that pointing a kris at someone means they will die soon, so silat practitioners precede their
demonstrations by touching the points of the blades to the ground so as to neutralize this effect.
Kris as a symbol
Throughout the archipelago, kris is a symbol of heroism, martial prowess, power and authority. As a cultural
symbol, the meticulously decorated keris represent refinement, art and beauty, as the pride and prized possession
for its owner; however, as a weapon it is associated with violence, death and bloodshed. Probably for this reason,
although the kris is widespread in Javanese culture, it is not used to symbolize Javanese culture or royalty, as
Javanese tradition promotes harmony and discourages direct confrontation (hence the absence of knives on
Indonesian dinner tables). This is also why the Javanese traditionally wear the kris on their back, to symbolize
violence as the last resort. However, in other parts of archipelago, from Sumatra to the Malay Peninsula and to
Sulawesi, the kris is worn on the front or left side on the hip.
The kris is depicted on different emblems, coats and logos. For example, it can be seen in historical flag of Mataram
Sultanate and former emblem of Siam to represent Malay minority in Southern Thailand. Kris is displayed in
emblems of Riau, Riau Islands Province, Terengganu and Selangor. It also can be seen on an obverse copper-zinc-
tin RM1 coin with a songket pattern in the background. The Malaya and British Borneo dollar 1 cent coin of 1962
also depicted a pair of crossed kris.
Since the independence of Malaysia, the kris has become something of a symbol of Malay nationalism. It is still
regarded by some as a symbol of ketuanan Melayu, the doctrine of Malay as the dominant race at their homeland,
and has been incorporated into the Sang Saka Bangsa, the official flag of the United Malays National Organisation.
Phone: 2145322160
Website Http://www.tigersdendallas.com
Status Closed until 6:00 pm
Mon: 6:00 pm - 8:00 pm
Tue: 7:00 pm - 9:00 pm
Hours Wed: 6:00 pm - 8:00 pm
Thu: 7:00 pm - 9:00 pm
Sat: 11:00 am - 1:00 pm
Email info@tigersdendallas.com
Tuan Haji Anuar bin Haji Abd. Wahab
WORLD SILAT PERSONALITY
Tuan Haji Anuar bin Haji Abdul Wahab AMN was a grandmaster of Seni Gayung Fatani who, during his time,
revolutionized the teaching and practice of silat in Malaysia.
Biography
He was born on 23 December 1945 in Bagan Tunjang, Sabak Bernam, Selangor. He received early education at
Sekolah Melayu Sabak Bernam, Sekolah Ungku Aziz Sabak Bernam, both in Selangor, and Sekolah Alam Shah, Kuala
Lumpur.
Tuan Haji Anuar died on the 10th of March 2009 at 6.10 pm Malaysian time, at the Kajang Hospital in Selangor,
Malaysia. His demise came as a great shock to the silat community, both locally and internationally. Before his
demise he completed his last book, entitled "SILAT" which was years in its making. It details the history and
development of the traditional Silat Melayu curriculum & the establishment of modern Silat Malaysia curriculum
which led to it being dubbed "the book which revealed the secrets of Silat Melayu".
Qualifications
Among his qualifications are:
Teaching Certificate ETC/PLD [1965-1966] Physical Education/Art
Diploma in Islamic Studies (1985) UKM B.A.Hons (USM) 1982/M.A (UKM) 1987
Proficiencies in Physical Education, Art, Literature
Took courses in
1. Art (MPIK)
2. Islamic Da'wah (JPM)
3. Graphics Animation for Film (IPTAT)
4. Drug Education
He is a retired teacher in the fields of physical education, art, and literature, and was a staff member at the Selangor
KBSM Art Source.
JANUARY 2012 SILAT today 33
Involvement in silat
Since 1957, he has studied several silat styles such as Silat Harimau, Silat Cekak, Silat Sendeng, Silat Kuntau Betawi, and Seni
Silat Helang Sewah at Kampung Kota Hutan Melintang, Perak from members of his family with the exception of Kuntau Cimande
which was not taught to him by members of his family. In 1965, Tn. Hj. Anuar bin Haji Abdul Wahab learned Seni Silat Gayung
Fatani in Sabak Bernam, Selangor. The year 1976 marked his foundation of the Pertubuhan Seni Gayung Fatani Malaysia as
chairman and Grandmaster. In 1983, through the efforts of Tn. Hj. Anuar bin Abdul Wahab PSGFM became a founding member
of Persekutuan Silat Kebangsaan Malaysia (PESAKA).
Involvement in PESAKA
Became an Ahli Dewan Perguruan Persekutuan Silat Kebangsaan Malaysia (PESAKA) and an Ahli Dewan Perguruan Pesaka
Selangor. Tn. Hj. Anuar bin Abdul Wahab founded Silat Olahraga by holding National and State Silat Olahraga Coaches and
Referee Jury courses since 1984-2004. He also founded Silat Seni by holding National and State-level Silat Seni Coaches and
Referee Jury courses since 1995.He planned and executed the Kursus Muzik Silat Baku Malaysia (and was Judge for
Pergendangan Silat (Muzik Silat Baku Malaysia) in Kedah 2002-2004), Kursus Jurulatih dan Hakim Silat Seni Sekolah-sekolah
Malaysia which was a course for coaches, referees and jury on the Malaysian school level at Maktab Teknik Kuala Lumpur. He
founded, put together and conveyed the Curriculum for Seni Silat Malaysia since 2002 on national, state and organizational
levels. Became the Technical Chairman of the World Silat Championships Kuala Lumpur 1987 and Technical Chairman of the
14th SEA Games Kuala Lumpur.
Literary works
Silat Olahraga, “Kuala Lumpur, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka 1987”
Teknik dalam Seni Silat Melayu, “Kuala Lumpur, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka”
Silat Curriculum, Teaching Plans and Silat Evaluation Exams for the Ministry of Culture, Arts and Heritage Malaysia and the
Ministry of Education Malaysia with the co-operation of Persekutuan Silat Malaysia (PESAKA).
"SILAT" which contains elaborations on the Silat Teaching Plan based on the Seni Silat Malaysia Curriculum for the
reference of silat coaches and exponents.
References
"Seni Gayung Fatani Juara Silat Kebangsaan" Berita Harian Newspaper (28 August 1994)
"Seni Gayung Fatani: No Fancy Dance Steps in Attacking" by Rahmah Daud, The Sunday Mail (12 February 1995).
"Nobatkan Silat di Persada Eropah" Berita Harian Newspaper (1996).
"Kenalkan Seni Gayung Fatani di Khalayak Ramai" by Akmal Effendee, VARIASARI (August 2004).
"Martabat Silat Warisan Negara, Keaslian Budaya Membina Bangsa" PESAKA (2006)
18. Member Name : THE PENCAK SILAT FEDERATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM (PSFUK)
President : Aidinal Alrashid
Secretary General : Susan Gault
Address : 172 Hanover Road, London NW10 3DP, United Kingdom
Tel. : 44 - 20 77375488
Fax. : 44 - 20 89332867
E-mail : aidinal_alrashid@hotmail.net
aidinal.alrashid@britishcouncil.org
Website : www.pencaksilat.co.uk
1. Belgium (PSUB)
2. Spain (FEPS)
3. Netherlands (NPSB)
4. France (AFPS)
5. Switzerland (PSVS)
6. United Kingdom (PSUK)
7. Austria (PSVO)
8. Germany (PSUD)
9. Turkey (TNPSA)
10. Russia (RPSF)
11. Italy (FIPS)
12. Azerbaijan (APSF)