SORSOGON STATE COLLEGE

Bulan campus
Bulan, Sorsogon
Information and Communications Technology/Education Department
QUANTITATIVE METHODS
2nd Semester, S.Y. 2019 – 2020

Problem Set 1
LINEAR PROGRAMMING: GRAPHICAL AND SIMPLEX METHOD

Mike Stephen M. Gollena

Jeremy Paul F. Rizalte
BSIT II-3
 Republic of the Philippines
SORSOGON STATE COLLEGE
Bulan Campus
Information and Communications Technology/Education Department
QUANTITATIVE METHODS
2nd Semester, S.Y. 2019 – 2020
PROBLEM SET 1
LINEAR PROGRAMMING: GRAPHICAL AND SIMPLEX METHOD

DIRECTION: This problem set will test your knowledge in solving linear programming
problems. Each problem is worth 25 points. You can work in pairs or individually. Use long
size bond paper for your solutions. Label each step of your solution and make sure that
each solution is clear and readable.
Submission is due on March 6, 2020, 11 PM. Late submissions will NOT be accepted.

[ PROBLEM 1 ] Clear Shampoo

Sofia Andres is the Production Manager of Clear Shampoo and she wants to determine
the production mix that will result in maximum profit. She is able to determine the data necessary
for her to make a decision. It will take 5 minutes to mix 1 case of Men’s shampoo and 10 minutes
to mix 1 case of Women’s shampoo and she has a total of 100 minutes available for the mixing
process per day. It will take 7 minutes to bottle 1 case of Men’s shampoo and 7 minutes to bottle
1 case of Women’s shampoo and she has a total of 84 minutes available for the bottling process
per day. It will take 9 minutes to pack 1 case of Men’s shampoo and 5 minutes to pack 1 case of
Women’s shampoo and she has a total of 90 minutes available for the packing process per day.
She will earn $6 for every case of Men’s shampoo produced and $8 for every case of Women’s
shampoo produced.
How many cases of Men’s shampoo and Women’s shampoo should be produced per day
to maximize profits? How much is the total profit? Sofia wants to solve the problem using the
graphical method.

Table 1

mixing bottling packing profit

Men’s
5 minutes 7 minutes 9 minutes $6
Shampoo(x)
Women’s
10 minutes 7 minutes 5 minutes $8
Shampoo(y)
100 minutes 84 minutes 90 minutes

Max z = $6 + $8

Subject to:
5x + 10y <= 100
7x + 7y <= 84
9x + 5y <= 90
x, y >= 0

x-intercept y-intercept
 5x + 10y <= 100 5x + 10y <= 100
5x + 10(0) = 100 5(0) + 10y = 100
5x = 100 10y = 100
5 5 10 10
x =20 y = 10
  7x + 7y <= 84 7x + 7y <= 84
7x + 7(0) = 84 7(0) + 7y = 84
7x = 84 7y = 84
7 7 7 7
x = 12 y = 12

 9x + 5y <= 90 9x + 5y <= 90
9x + 5(0) = 90 9(0) + 5y = 90
9x = 90 5y = 90
9 9 5 5
x = 10 y = 18

Table 1.1

x-intercept y-intercept
5x + 10y <= 100 (20,0) (0,10)
7x + 7y <= 84 (12,0) (0,12)
9x + 5y <= 90 (10,0) (0,18)
x >= 0 (0,0) (0,0)
y >= 0 (0,0) (0,0)

y
20
19
18 (0,18)
17
16
15
14
13 (0,12)
12
11
10 B(0,10)
9 C(4,8)
8
7
6
5 D(7 1/2,4 1/2)
4
3 Feasible Region
2
1 E (10,0) (20,0)
0 (12,0)
A(0,0)
-3 -2 -1-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
-2 5x + 10y <= 100
-3
☓ + 5y <= 90
9x 7x + 7y <= 84

USING SUBSTITUTION METHOD

POINT D POINT C
7x + 7y <= 84(Equation 1) 7x + 7y <= 84
(Equation 1)
9x + 5y <= 90(Equation 2) 5x + 10y <=
100(Equation 2)
Equation 2 Equation 1
9x + 5y <=90 7x + 7y <= 84
9x = 90 - 5y 7x = 84 - 7y
9 9 9 7 7 7
x= 10 - 5y/9 x = 12 - y

7x + 7y <= 84 5x + 10y <= 100

7(10 - 5y/9) + 7y = 84 5(12-y) + 10y = 100
70 - 35y/9 + 7y =84 60 – 5y +10y = 100
28y/9 = 14 5y = 20
28/9 28/9 5 5
y=4½ y=4

x = 10 - 5y/9 x = 12 - y
x = 10 - 5(4 ½)/9 x = 12 – (4)
x=7½ x=8

Table 1.2
Points Max z = $ 6x + $ 8y
A(0,0) Max z = 0
B(0,10) Max z = 80
C(4,8) Max z = 88
D(7 ½,4 ½) Max z =
E(10,0) Max z = 60

[ PROBLEM 2 ] Coca-Cola
Yumilka Ruiz is the Head Buyer of Coca-Cola and she wants to determine the
supply mix that will result on minimum cost. She is able to determine the data necessary
for her to make a decision. A kilogram of Equal ® sweetener can produce 4 liters of Coke
Lite, 6 liters of Sprite Lite, and 10 liters of Coke Zero. A kilogram of Nutra® sweetener can
produce 12 liters of Coke Lite, 8 liter of Sprite Lite, and 5 liter of Coke Zero. Yumilka must
produce at least 96 liters of Coke Lite, 96 liters of Sprite Lite, and 100 liters of Coke Zero
per day. Equal ® sweetener costs $27 per kilogram while Nutra® sweetener costs $30 per
kilogram.
How many kilograms of Equal ® sweetener and Nutra® sweetener should she
purchase per day to minimize costs? How much is the total cost?

Coke Lite Sprite Lite Coke Zero Profit

Equal® (x) 4 6 10 $27

Nutra® (y) 12 8 5 $30

96 96 100

Objective Function
Min z = $ 27x + $ 30y
Subject to:
4x + 12y ≥ 96  4x + 12y – S1 + A1 = 96
6x + 8y ≥ 96  6x + 8y – S2 + A2 = 96
10x + 5y ≥ 100  10x + 5y – S3 + A3 = 100
x, y ≥ 0  x,y,S1,S2,S3,A1,A2,A3 ≥ 0
 Table 1
Quantit 20 22 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity
Pj Product Column
y x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3
100 a1 90 9 5 -1 0 0 1 0 0 18
100 a2 128 8 8 0 -1 0 0 1 0 16
100 a3(y) 88 4 11 0 0 -1 0 0 1 8
Zj 30600 2100 2400 -100 -100 -100 100 100 100
Pj-Zj -2080 -2378 100 100 100 0 0 0

New PR3 88 4 11 0 0 -1 0 0 1
Pivot
Row3 8 4/11 1 0 0 -1/11 0 0 1/11

New OR1 90 9 5 -1 0 0 1 0 0
Pivot -40 -1 9/11 -5 0 0 5/11 0 0 -5/11
Row1 50 7 2/11 0 -1 0 5/11 1 0 -5/11

New OR2 128 8 8 0 -1 0 0 1 0

Pivot -64 -2 10/11 -8 0 0 8/11 0 0 -8/11
Row2 64 5 1/11 0 0 -1 8/11 0 1 -8/11

Table 2
20 22 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3 Column

100 a1(x) 50 7 2/11 0 -1 0 5/11 1 0 -5/11 6 76/79

100 a2 64 5 1/11 0 0 -1 8/11 0 1 -8/11 12 4/7
22 a3(y) 8 4/11 1 0 0 -1/11 0 0 1/11 22
Zj 11576 1235 3/11 22 -100 -100 116 2/11 100 100 -116 2/11
Pj-Zj -1235 3/11 0 100 100 -116 2/11 0 0 216 2/11

New PR1 50 7 2/11 0 -1 0 5/11 1 0 -5/11

Pivot
Row1 6 76/79 1 0 -11/79 0 5/79 11/79 0 -5/79

New OR2 64 5 1/11 0 0 -1 8/11 0 1 -8/11

Pivot -35 35/79 -5 1/11 0 56/79 0 -29/90 -56/79 0 29/90
Row2 28 44/79 0 0 56/79 -1 32/79 -56/79 1 -32/79

New OR3 8 4/11 1 0 0 -1/11 0 0 1/11

Pivot -2 42/79 - 4/11 0 4/79 0 - 2/87 - 4/79 0 2/87
Row3 5 37/79 0 1 4/79 0 - 9/79 - 4/79 0 9/79

Table 3
20 22 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3 Column

20 a1(x) 6 76/79 1 0 -11/79 0 5/79 11/79 0 -5/79 -50

100 a2 28 44/79 0 0 56/79 -1 32/79 -56/79 1 -32/79 40 2/7
22 a3(y) 5 37/79 0 1 4/79 0 -9/79 -4/79 0 9/79 108
Zj 3115 19/79 20 22 69 17/79 -100 39 21/79 -69 17/79 100 -39 21/79
Pj-Zj 0 0 -69 17/79 100 -39 21/79 169 17/79 0 139 21/79
 New PR2 28 44/79 0 0 56/79 -1 32/79 -56/79 1 -32/79
Pivot
Row2 40 2/7 0 0 1 -1 23/56 4/7 -1 1 23/56 -4/7

New OR1 6 76/79 1 0 -11/79 0 5/79 11/79 0 -5/79

Pivot 5 39/64 0 0 11/79 -11/56 7/88 -11/79 11/56 -7/88
Row1 12 4/7 1 0 0 -11/56 1/7 0 11/56 -1/7

New OR3 5 37/79 0 1 4/79 0 -9/79 -4/79 0 9/79

Pivot -2 1/25 0 0 -4/79 1/14 -2/69 4/79 -1/14 2/69
Row3 3 3/7 0 1 0 1/14 -1/7 0 -1/14 1/7

Table 4
20 22 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3 Column

20 a1(x) 12 4/7 1 0 0 -11/56 1/7 0 11/56 -1/7 disregard

0 a2 40 2/7 0 0 1 -1 23/56 4/7 -1 1 23/56 -4/7 40/27
22 a3(y) 3 3/7 0 1 0 1/14 -1/7 0 -1/14 1/7 disregard
Zj 326 6/7 20 22 0 -2 5/14 -2/7 0 2 5/14 2/7
Pj-Zj 0 0 0 2 5/14 2/7 100 97 9/14 99 5/7

a1(x) -> 12 4/7

a3(y) -> 3 3/7
minimization -> 326 6/7

[ PROBLEM 3 ] Dole Pineapple

Andrés Segovia is the Production Analyst of Dole Pineapple and he wants to
determine the supply mix that will result to minimum cost. He is able to determine the
data necessary for him to make decision. A barrel of Absolut ® water can produce 9 cases
of sliced pineapple, 8 cases of pineapple chunks, and 4 cases of crushed pineapple. A
barrel of Wilkins® water can produce 5 cases of sliced pineapple, 8 cases of pineapple
chunks, and 11 cases of crushed pineapple. Andrés must produce at least 90 cases of
sliced pineapple, 128 cases of pineapple chunks, and 88 cases of crushed pineapple per
day. Absolut® water costs $20 per barrel while Wilkins® water costs $22 per barrel. The
figures are summarized in Table 1.

Table 1. Dole Pineapple

Cases/Barrel
Product/Supplier Sign Cases/Day
Absolut ® Wilkins®
Sliced 9 5 ≥ 90
Chunks 8 8 ≥ 128
Crushed 4 11 ≥ 88
Cost/Barrel ($) 20 22 = Min

Table 1

27 30 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity

Pj Product Quantity
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3 Column

100 a1 96 4 12 -1 0 0 1 0 0 8
100 a2 96 6 8 0 -1 0 0 1 0 12
100 a3 100 10 5 0 0 -1 0 0 1 20
Zj 29200 2000 2500 -100 -100 -100 100 100 100
Pj-Zj -1973 -2470 100 100 100 0 0 0
 New PR1 96 4 12 -1 0 0 1 0 0
Pivot
Row1 8 1/3 1 -1/12 0 0 1/12 0 0

New OR2 96 6 8 0 -1 0 0 1 0
Pivot -64 -2 2/3 -8 2/3 0 0 -2/3 0 0
Row2 32 3 1/3 0 2/3 -1 0 -2/3 1 0

New OR3 100 10 5 0 0 -1 0 0 1

Pivot -40 -1 2/3 -5 5/12 0 0 -5/12 0 0
Row3 60 8 1/3 0 5/12 0 -1 -5/12 0 1

Table 2
27 30 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity Column
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3
30 a1 8 1/3 1 -1/12 0 0 1/12 0 0 24
100 a2 32 3 1/3 0 2/3 -1 0 -2/3 1 0 9 3/5
100 a3 60 8 1/3 0 5/12 0 -1 -5/12 0 1 7 1/5
Zj 9440 1176 2/3 30 105 5/6 -100 -100 -105 5/6 100 100
Pj-Zj -1149 2/3 0 -105 5/6 100 100 205 5/6 0 0

New PR3 60 8 1/13 0 5/12 0 -1 -5/12 0 1

Pivot
Row3 7 1/5 1 0 1/20 0 -3/25 -1/20 0 3/25

New OR1 8 1/3 1 -1/12 0 0 1/12 0 0

Pivot -2 2/5 - 1/3 0 - 1/60 0 1/25 1/60 0 - 1/25
Row1
5 3/5 0 1 - 1/10 0 1/25 1/10 0 - 1/25

New OR2 32 3 1/3 0 2/3 -1 0 -2/3 1 0

Pivot -24 -3 1/3 0 - 1/6 0 2/5 1/6 0 - 2/5
Row2
8 0 0 1/2 -1 2/5 - 1/2 1 - 2/5

Table 3
27 30 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3 Column

30 a1(y) 5 3/5 0 1 -1/10 0 1/25 1/10 0 -1/25 -56

100 a2 8 0 0 1/2 -1 2/5 -1/2 1 -2/5 16
27 a3(x) 7 1/5 1 0 1/20 0 -3/25 -1/20 0 3/25 144
Zj 1162 2/5 27 30 48 7/20 -100 37 24/25 -48 7/20 100 -37 24/25
Pj-Zj 0 0 -48 7/20 100 -37 24/25 148 7/20 0 137 24/25

New PR2 8 0 0 1/2 -1 2/5 -1/2 1 -2/5

Pivot
Row2 16 0 0 1 -2 4/5 -1 2 -4/5

New OR1 5 3/5 0 1 -1/10 0 1/25 1/10 0 -1/25

Pivot 1 3/5 0 0 1/10 -1/5 2/25 -1/10 1/5 -2/25
Row1
7 1/5 0 1 0 -1/5 3/25 0 1/5 -3/25
New OR3 7 1/5 1 0 1/20 0 -3/25 -1/20 0 3/25
Pivot -4/5 0 0 -1/20 1/10 -1/25 1/20 -1/10 1/25
Row3
6 2/5 1 0 0 1/10 -4/25 0 -1/10 4/25
 Table 4

27 30 0 0 0 100 100 100 Quantity

Pj Product Quantity
x y s1 s2 s3 a1 a2 a3 Column

30 a1(x) 7 1/5 0 1 0 -1/5 3/25 0 1/5 -3/25 disregard

0 a2 16 0 0 1 -2 4/5 -1 2 -4/5 disregard
27 a3(y) 6 2/5 1 0 0 1/10 -4/25 0 -1/10 4/25 6 2/5
Zj 388 4/5 27 30 0 -3 3/10 -18/25 0 3 3/10 18/25
Pj-Zj 0 0 0 3 3/10 18/25 100 96 7/10 99 7/25

a1(x) -> 7 1/5

a3(y) -> 6 2/5
minimization -> 388 4/5

4. Geronimo-Guidicelli Company
Geronimo-Guidicelli produces both interior and exterior paints from two raw
materials, M1 and M2. The following table provides the basic data of the problem:

Tons of raw material per ton of Maximum daily

Exterior Paint Interior paint availability(tons)
Raw material M1 6 4 24
Raw material M2 1 2 6
Profit per ton ($1000) 5 4

The daily demand for interior paint cannot exceed that for exterior paint by more than 1
ton. Also, the maximum daily demand for interior paint is 2 tons. Geronimo-Guidicelli
wants to determine the optimum (best) product mix of interior and exterior paints that
maximizes the total daily profit.
The linear programming model as expressed in equation form:

Maximize z = 5x1 + 4x2 + 0s1 + 0s2 + 0s3 + 0s4

Subject to

6x1 + 4x2 + s1 = 24 (Raw Material M1)

x1 + 2x2 + s2 = 6 (Raw Material M2)
-x1 + x2 + s3 = 1 (Market Limit)
x2 + s4 = 2 (Demand Limit)

x1,x2,s1,s2,s3,s4 ≥ 0

The variables s1,s2,s3 and s4 are the slacks associated with the respective constraints.

Table 1
5 4 0 0 0 0 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity
x1 x2 s1 s2 s3 s4 Column

0 s1 24 6 4 1 0 0 0 4
0 s2 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 6
0 s3 1 -1 1 0 0 1 0 -1
0 s4 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 disregard
Zj 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pj-Zj 5 4 0 0 0 0
 PR1 24 6 4 1 0 0 0
NPW
NPW1 4 1 2/3 1/6 0 0 0

New OR2 6 1 2 0 1 0 0
Pivot -4 -1 -2/3 -1/6 0 0 0
Row2
2 0 1 1/3 -1/6 1 0 0

New OR3 1 -1 1 0 0 1 0
Pivot 4 1 2/3 1/6 0 0 0
Row3
5 0 1 2/3 1/6 0 1 0

New OR4 2 0 1 0 0 0 1
Pivot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Row4
2 0 1 0 0 0 1

Table 2

5 4 0 0 0 0 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity Column
x1 x2 s1 s2 s3 s4
5 s1 4 1 2/3 1/6 0 0 0 6
0 s2 2 0 1 1/3 -1/6 1 0 0 1½
0 s3 5 0 1 2/3 1/6 0 1 0 3
0 s4 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 2
Zj 20 5 3 1/3 5/6 0 0 0
Pj-Zj 0 2/3 -5/6 0 0 0

PR2 2 0 1 1/3 -1/6 1 0 0

NPR
1 1/2 0 1 -1/8 3/4 0 0

New OR1 4 1 2/3 1/6 0 0 0

Pivot -1 0 -2/3 1/12 -1/2 0 0
Row1 3 1 0 1/4 -1/2 0 0

New OR3 5 0 1 2/3 1/6 0 1 0

Pivot -2 1/2 0 -1 2/3 5/24 -1 1/4 0 0
Row3 2 1/2 0 0 3/8 -1 1/4 1 0

New OR4 2 0 1 0 0 0 1
Pivot -1 1/2 0 -1 1/8 -3/4 0 0
Row4 1/2 0 0 1/8 -3/4 0 1
 Table 3

5 4 0 0 0 0 Quantity
Pj Product Quantity Column
x1 x2 s1 s2 s3 s4
5 s1(x1) 3 1 0 1/4 -1/2 0 0 disregard
4 s2(x2) 1½ 0 1 -1/8 3/4 0 0 disregard
0 s3 2½ 0 0 3/8 -1 1/4 1 0 disregard
0 s4 ½ 0 0 1/8 -3/4 0 1 1/2
Zj 21 5 4 3/4 1/2 0 0
Non-
Pj-Zj 0 0 -3/4 -1/2 0 0
negative

S1 (x1) -> 3
S2 (x2) -> 1 1/2
Maximization -> 21