GOAL DETERMINATION AND MISSION SPECIFICATIONS

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Aircraft design is an iterative process. The design depends on many
factors such as customer and manufacturer demand, safety
protocols, physical and economic constraints etc. It is a compromise
between many competing factors and constraints and accounts for
existing designs and market requirements to produce the best
aircraft. The design starts out in three phases:

(a) Conceptual Design

This involves sketching up a variety of possible

configurations that meet the required design specifications.
Fundamental aspects such as fuselage shape, wing
configuration and location, engine size/power plant size and
type are all determined at this stage. Constraints to design
are all taken into account at this stage.

(b) Preliminary Design

At this stage the design configuration arrived at in the

conceptual design phase is then tweaked and remodelled to
fit into the design parameters. Major structural and control
analysis is also carried out in this phase. Aerodynamic flaws
and structural instabilities if any are corrected and the final
design is drawn and finalised.

(c) Detail Design

This phase deals with the fabrication aspect of the aircraft. It

determines the number, design and location of ribs, spars,
sections and other structural elements. All aerodynamic,
structural, propulsion, control and performance aspects have
already been covered in the preliminary design phase.
1.2 GOAL DETERMINATION

The goal is to design an eight-seater private business jet mainly intendent to

transportation, business trips, In flight business meetings, family trips etc.

1.3 MISSION PROFILE

The required mission profile for airplane to be designed is given in Figure

below.

Table below enlists the design specifications for the aircraft to be designed.

SL. No Parameter Design Value

1. Vstall
2. Vcruise 800km/hr
3. Vmax 900km/hr
4. Take off distance 1,600m
5. Range 4000km
6. Landing Distance 1100m

The data mentioned in provide a basis for the design. However,

these are the initial specifications of airplane concept under
consideration and may be altered based on the constraints
imposed during the course of preliminary and detail design
stages.
 1.4 COMPARITIVE DATA SHEETS
General Characteristics
Sl Name of C Length Wing Wing Empty Loaded Max Aspect Thrust H
aircraft R (m) Span area weight weight Take-off ratio (KN) E
E (m) (m2) (Kg) (kg) weight I
W (Kg) G
H
T
(m)
1 Learjet45 2 17.68 14.58  28.95  5,829 6000 9,752 15.8 31.14 4.30

2 Learjet60 2 17.88 13.34 24.57  6640 6700 10,660 6.72 41.72 4.30

3 Learjet40 2 16.93 14.56  28.95 5364 6,200 9,545 9.02 31.12 4.31

4 Learjet85 2 20.76 18.75 37.25 10,977 12600 15,195 8.00 46.48 6.08 

5 Learjet25 2 14.50 10.85 21.53 3,465 4550 6,804 5.01 27.60 3.73

6 Learjet35 2 14.83 12.04 23.53 4,152 5102 8,165  5.74 32.00 3.73

7 Learjet70 2 17.7 15.5 28.95  6,300 8415 9,752 7.51 34.2 4.31
Performances:
Sl.no Name of Cruise Range Service Thrust/weight Rate of Wing
aircraft speed (km) ceiling climb loading
(Km/hr) (m) (m/min) (kg/m2)

1 Learjet 45 807.47 3000.24 15544.8 0.52 853.44 342

2 Learjet 60 800.75 3933 15,545 0.61 1371.6 452

3 Learjet 40 852 3156 15540 0.51 859.10 408

4 Learjet85 1002 5556 14935 0.42 365.00 450

5 Learjet25 859 2,844 14,000 0.61 1842.0 191

6 Learjet35 774 5,291 14,000 0.64 1379.4 408

7 Learjet70 861 3,780 16,000 0.42 942.21 336

 Preliminary Graphs of various parameters with respect to cruise speed:

Cruise speed vs Length:

Cruise speed vs Range:

Cruise speed vs Service ceiling:

Cruise speed Vs Thrust/Weight:

Cruise Speed vs Rate of climb:

Cruise speed vs Wing span:

Cruise speed vs Wing Area:

Cruise Speed vs Empty weight:

Cruise speed vs Height

Cruise speed vs Thrust:

 RETRIVED DATA FROM GRAPH
1
LENGTH 17.14 m
2
HEIGHT 4.40 m
3
ASPECT RATIO 8.25
4
WING AREA 27.40 m2
5
WING SPAN 14.23 m
6
EMPTY WEIGHT 6100 kg
7
LOADED WEIGHT 7080 kg
8
RANGE 3937 km
9
TAKEOFF WEIGHT 9980 kg
10
SEVICE CEILING 15080 m
11
T/W 0.53
12
WING LOADING 370 kg
13
CRUISE SPEED 851 km/hr
14
Rate of climb 18 m/s
15
Thrust 34.86 KN