Realia

Realia is the terms used for phenomena/concepts. According to Grit (2004: 279), relia is
concrete, unique phenomena or categorical concepts which are specific for a particular country
or culture, and which elsewhere have no or at most a partial equivalence. On the other hand,
Florin said that realia are words and combinations of words denoting objects and concepts that
are characteristic of the way of life, culture, social, and historical development of one nation and
alien to another. Since they express local and/or historical features, they have no exact
equivalents in other languages (Florin 1993: 123).So,our group conclude that realia is word that
very difficult to be translated or even it was untranslatabe because realia was implented in
particular area.

Typology
Grit divides realia into six parts of typology,they are :

Historical realia, terms that have historical background and considered as

archaic, example : Statue of Liberty, Cesar E. Chavez, etc.

Geographical realia, terms used for location or geographic based culture,

example : Mount Everest, USA, Los Angeles, etc.

Private-institutional realia, terms related to indepedence institute and does not

have any relation with government, example : Samsung, Apple, etc.

public-institutional realia, terms for government based company or institute,

example : FBI, Harvard University, American University, etc.

units, terms used for a measurement of something, example : Mile, Hectare, etc.

social cultural realia, terms for slang or culture-related words that used in
particular area, example : Easter, Santa Claus, Vampire, etc.
Translation strategy
For translation strategy, there are 7 strategies commonly used by translator. maintenance
(without changing the words), loan translation (changing only a part of the words),
adaptation/approximation (localized version of the words), description (the definition of the
words are described), generalisation (change the words into the basic words), deletion (cut off
some part of the words), combination (it is a combination of two or more translation strategies).

For the purpose of this current investigation, the ST Wiro Sableng was taken, and the TT
is Wiro Sableng (English version). Wiro Sableng is one of the best martial art novels of
indonesia written Bastian Tito. The succeding table displays the result of reale investigation in
ST and TT. The table comprises realia in ST as well as in TT, their typology and their strategies
of translation.

No. ST TT Typology Strategy

1 Denmas Denmas, Social cultural Combination
abbreviation of (Maintenance and
raden mas which Description)
mean young
master.
2 Silat Silat, Southeastern Unit Combination
Asian’s martial arts (Maintenance and
Description)
3 Perempuan You cursed woman Social cultural Adaptation
monyong
4. Gunung lawu Mount lawu Geographical Loan translation
5. Orok Newborn baby Social cultural Adaptation
6. Tiga tombak Three spear,a spear Unit Combination
distance = 3,75m = (Maintenance and
around 12ft Description)
7. Perempuan Damned whore Social cultural Adaptation
haram
8. Bacot Talked too much Unit Adaptation
9. Manusia kintel you bullfrog Social cultural Adaptation
10. Sedeng Crazy Social cultural Adaptation

From the table you can see that realia is really word that is hardly to be translated to other
language because basically, realia are words that commonly used on particular area and we have
different ways(language) to say it. Because our investigation source is novel, most of typology
used was social cultural. For strategy, the translator mainly use Adaptation as strategy for this
novel, because the purpose of translating this novel is that reader overseas can enjoy and
understand the novel better.
 Realia

M. GIRI GHAHANA K. 201510100311208

ROCKY UMBU BAKIR 201510100311204

ANDY GUNTUR A. 201310100311277

FACULTY OF TEACHING AND EDUCATION

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2017