Iron 01.01 Stainless Steel 01.02 Steel 01.03 Aluminium 02.01 Copper 02.

03

PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg
Primary
Cast iron/kg** 173 Stainless Steel 18/8 Aluminium, primary/kg
Copper** 774
551 Low-alloyed (converter)** 231
Iron scrap/kg dna (converter, primary)/kg Aluminium** 1045
Un- alloyed (converter) 165
Stainless electric Steel 18/8 Aluminium alloy EN AW5754, (AlMg3)/kg 439 PROCESSING mPt
511 High-alloyed dna
PROCESSING mPt (secundary)/kg Drilling, CNC*/kg 787 (!)
High strength steel dna
100% recycled
Zinc coating (coils)/m² 735 (!) Secundary Drilling, conventional/kg 772 (!)
PROCESSING mPt Secondary, from old scrap 134
Drilling, CNC*/kg 311 Low-alloyed (average) 195 Selective coating of plate- titanium
Un-alloyed or low-alloyed (elektrosteal) 61
Secondary, from new scrap 45 69
Drilling, conventional/kg 293 Drilling, CNC*/kg 708 nitride oxide/m²
Turning, CNC*/kg 357 Drilling, conventional/kg 672 PROCESSING mPt Wire drawing/kg 209
PROCESSING mPt
Turning, conventional/kg 300 Bending/cm 2 Anodising/m² 338 Turning, CNC*/kg 830 (!)
Zinc coating, coils (continuous)/m² 735 (!)
Enamelling/m² 841 (!) Chemical staining dna Welding/m 18 Turning, conventional/kg 780 (!)
Welding/m 15
Milling/kg 310 Deep drawing, automode operation/kg 26 (!) Drilling, CNC*/kg 868 Sheet rolling/kg 11 (!)
Drilling, CNC*/kg 340
Drilling, conventional/kg 848
Zinc coating, pieces/m² 671 (!) Deep drawing, 650 kN press, Drilling, conventional/kg 311 Enamelling/m² 841 (!)
28 (!) Bending/cm 0,8
Casting, mechanical/kg 168 single stroke operation/kg Bending/cm 1,4 Milling/kg dna
Gravity die-casting dna
Casting (sand, mechanical)/kg 77 Deep drawing, 3500 kN press, Deep drawing, automode operation/kg 26 Stamping/kg 40 (!)
30 (!) Deep drawing, automode operation/kg 26 (!)
single stroke operation/kg Deep drawing, 650 kN press, 28 Ultrasonic welding/m 0,17 (!)
single stroke operation/kg Deep drawing, 650 kN press, 28 (!)
RECYCLING mPt/kg Deep drawing, 10000 kN press, single stroke operation/kg Black chrome coating, plate/m² 237
36 (!) Deep drawing, 3500 kN press, 30
Proces 76 single stroke operation/kg single stroke operation/kg Deep drawing, 3500 kN press, 30 (!) Sheet rolling/kg 127
single stroke operation/kg
Primary material saved -173 Deep drawing, 38000 kN press, Deep drawing, 10000 kN press, 36
38 (!) single stroke operation/kg Deep drawing, 10000 kN press, 36 (!)
Total -97 single stroke operation/kg single stroke operation/kg RECYCLING mPt/kg
Deep drawing, 38000 kN press, 38
Turning, CNC*/kg 789 single stroke operation/kg Deep drawing, 38000 kN press, 38 (!) Proces 76 (!)
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg single stroke operation/kg
Turning, conventional/kg 682 Wire drawing/kg 40 Primary material saved -774
Turning, CNC*/kg 942
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 26 (!) Electrolytic staining dna Turning, CNC*/kg 398 Total -698 (!)
Turning, conventional/kg 861
Elektrochemical polishing dna Turning, conventional/kg 318
Sheet rolling/kg 11 (!)
* Computer Numerical Control. Enamelling/m² 841 (!) Sheet rolling/kg 11 (!) WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
Enamelling/m² 841 (!)
** Cast iron, consisting of 35% secondary material. Enamelling/m² 841 (!)
Milling/kg 704 Milling/kg 874 Waste treatment scenario in the EU 26 (!)
Milling/kg 337
Stamping/kg 40 (!) Friction stir welding dna
Welding, gas (autogenous)/m dna * Computer Numerical Control.
Polishing dna Casting, continuous casting/kg 382
Hardening/kg 9 ** 44% secundary material.
Casting, sand, low pressure/kg 27
Spot welding/pt 1 (!) Sheet rolling, steel/kg 35
Pultrusion/kg dna
Abrade dna Laser cutting/m (4 mm steel) 17
Laser cutting/m (4 mm steel) dna
Punching/cutting/cm² 15400 Stamping/kg 40 (!)
Stamping/kg 40 (!)
TIG welding dna Plasma cutting dna
Precipitation hardening dna
Powder coating/m² 424
Black chrome coating, plate/m² Powder coating/m² 337
58 Section bar rolling/kg 20
(only Cr3 tolerated) Section bar extrusion/kg 92
Spot welding/pt 1
Sheet rolling/kg 59 Spot welding/pt 4,7
Forge dna
Cold impact extrusion, 1 stroke/kg 75
Punching/cutting/cm² 10700
RECYCLING mPt/kg Cold impact extrusion, every extra stroke/kg 27
Drawing of pipes/kg 44
Forge dna
Proces 76 (!) Ultrasonic welding/m dna
Selective coating of plate – nickle- 550
Primary material saved -551 Black chrome coating, dna aluminium oxide/m²
plate/m²(only Cr3 tolerated)
Total -475 (!) (!)
Punching/cutting/cm² 0,0064
Zinc coating, pieces/m² 671
Sheet rolling/kg 53
Zinc coating (extra thickness)/m² dna
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg Ultrasonic welding/m 0,17 (!)
Hot rolling/kg 27
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 26 (!) Contour dna
Waterjet cutting dna

*Computer Numerical Control. RECYCLING mPt/kg

RECYCLING mPt/kg
Proces 130
Proces 76 (!)
No data available of the processes: folding, orbital Primary material saved -1045
Primary material saved -231
revetting, clinching, floating and profiling. Total -915 (!)
Total -155 (!)
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
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* Computer Numerical Control.
(!): generic data for this group of materials (!): generic data for this group of materials * Computer Numerical Control. (!): generic data for this group of materials
** Primary material + 1% Cr, 1% Mn, 1% Mo, 1% Ni.
dna: data not available dna: data not available ** Primary material + 1% Cr, 1% Mn, 1% Mo, 1% Ni. dna: data not available
na: not applicable na: not applicable na: not applicable
No data available for tin-plate.
PC Polycarbonate 03.04 PE Polyethylene 03.05 PET
Polyethylene terephthalate
03.06 PP Polypropylene 03.08 PS Polystyrene 03.09

PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg

PC/kg 672 Low Density Polyethylene, LDPE/kg 285 PET/kg 327 PP/kg 276 Polystyrene, general purpose, GPPS/kg 388
High Density Polyethylene, PET (bottle grade)/kg 347 EPP/kg dna Polystyrene, PS, expandable/kg 384
PROCESSING mPt 277
HDPE/kg (products) Polystyrene, high impact, HIPS/kg 389
Revolving, milling, drilling/cm³ 0,01 (!) Linear Low Density Polyethylene, PROCESSING mPt PROCESSING mPt
272 PROCESSING mPt
Extrusion, plastic pipes/kg 36 (!) LLDPE/kg Revolving, milling, drilling/cm³ 0,01 (!) Revolving, milling, drilling/cm³ 0,01 (!)
Hot element welding (30sec)/welding 2 (!) EPE (expanded PE) dna Extrusion, plastic film/kg 49 (!) Extrusion, plastic film/kg 49 (!) Revolving, milling, drilling/cm³ 0,01 (!)
Hot element welding (45min)/welding 155 (!) Extrusion, plastic pipes/kg 36 (!) Extrusion, plastic pipes/kg 36 (!) Extrusion, plastic pipes/kg 36 (!)
Laser welding/m 0,46 (!) PROCESSING mPt Hot element welding (30sec)/welding 2 (!) Stretch blow moulding/kg 131 (!) Hot element welding (30sec)/welding 2 (!)
Foaming/kg 60 (!) Revolving, milling, drilling/cm³ 0,01 (!) Hot element welding (45min)/welding 155 (!) Hot element welding (30sec)/welding 2 (!) Hot element welding (45min)/welding 155 (!)
Reaction injection moulding (RIM), Extrusion, plastic film/kg 49 Blow moulding 123 (!) Hot element welding (45min)/welding 155 (!) Blow moulding/kg 123 (!)
21 (!)
large scale/kg Extrusion, plastic pipes/kg 36 (!) Laser welding/m 0,46 (!) Blow moulding/kg 123 (!) Laser welding/m 0,46 (!)
Rotation Forming/kg 106 (!) Stretch blow moulding/kg 131 (!) Reaction injection moulding (RIM)/kg, Laser welding/m 0,46 (!) Reaction injection moulding (RIM)/kg,
21 (!) 21 (!)
Injection moulding/kg 126 (!) Hot element welding (30sec)/welding 2 (!) large scale/kg Reaction injection moulding (RIM)/kg, large scale/kg
21 (!)
Ultrasonic welding (15kHz)/welding* 0,04 (!) Hot element welding (45min)/welding 155 (!) Rotation Forming/kg 106 (!) large scale/kg Rotation Forming/kg 106 (!)
Ultrasonic welding (20kHz)/welding* 0,02 (!) Blow moulding/kg 123 (!) Injection moulding/kg 126 (!) Rotation Forming/kg 106 (!) Injection moulding/kg 126 (!)
Ultrasonic welding (40kHz)/welding* 0,01 (!) Laser welding/m 0,46 (!) Ultrasonic welding (15kHz)/welding* 0,04 (!) Mirror-welding dna Ultrasonic welding (15kHz)/welding* 0,04 (!)
Vacuum forming/kg dna Foaming/kg 60 (!) Ultrasonic welding (20kHz)/welding* 0,02 (!) Injection moulding/kg 126 (!) Ultrasonic welding (20kHz)/welding* 0,02 (!)
Reaction injection moulding (RIM)/kg, Ultrasonic welding (40kHz)/welding* 0,01 (!) Ultrasonic welding (15kHz)/welding* 0,04 (!) Ultrasonic welding (40kHz)/welding* 0,01 (!)
RECYCLING mPt/kg 21 (!)
large scale/kg Vacuum forming/kg dna Ultrasonic welding (20kHz)/welding* 0,02 (!) Vacuum forming/kg 16 (!)
Plastics (packaging mix)** proces 25 (!) Rotation Forming/kg 106 (!) Ultrasonic welding (40kHz)/welding* 0,01 (!)
Primary material saved -672 Mirror-welding dna RECYCLING** mPt/kg Vacuum forming/kg 16 (!) RECYCLING** mPt/kg

Total -647 (!) Injection moulding/kg 126 (!) Proces 25 (!) Proces 25 (!)
Ultrasonic welding (15kHz)/welding* 0,04 (!) Primary material saved -327 RECYCLING** mPt/kg Primary material saved -388
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg Ultrasonic welding (20kHz)/welding* 0,02 (!) Total -302 (!) Proces 25 (!) Total -363 (!)
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 33 (!) Ultrasonic welding (40kHz)/welding* 0,01 (!) Primary material saved -276
Vacuum forming/kg dna WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg Total -251 (!) WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
* Per welding joint of appr. 2,5 cm2
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 38 (!) Waste treatment scenario in the EU 40 (!)
(0,5 seconds welding). RECYCLING** mPt/kg WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
** If sufficiently pure. * Per welding joint of appr. 2,5 cm2 * Per welding joint of appr. 2,5 cm2
Proces 25 (!) Waste treatment scenario in the EU 36 (!)
(0,5 seconds welding). (0,5 seconds welding).
Primary material saved -285 ** If sufficiently pure. ** If sufficiently pure.
* Per welding joint of appr. 2,5 cm2
Total -260 (!)
(0,5 seconds welding).
** If sufficiently pure.
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 39 (!)
2
* Per welding joint of appr. 2,5 cm
(0,5 seconds welding).
** If sufficiently pure.

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PVC Polyvinylchloride 03.11 Wood (untreated)* 04.01 Wood (layered)* 04.02 Wood (chipped)* 04.03 Paper 05.01

PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION (excl. transportation) mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/m³ PRODUCTION mPt/m³ PRODUCTION mPt/kg

PVC/kg*** 220 Azobe, Sawn timber (SFM), planed, Laminated board, three layered/m³ 175806 MDF- board/m³ 63809 Recycled, with deinking/kg* 262
558
PVDC air dried (u=15%)/kg** GLT (Glued laminated timber) /m³ 105085 OSB- board/m³ 40633 Recycled, no deinking/kg* 76
451
(Polyvinylidenchloride), granulate/kg**** Hardwood, Sawn timber, raw, Plywood (indoor use) /m³ 299627 Particle board/m³ 38079 Woodfree, coated/kg 258
236
Softened PVC dna air/ kiln dried (u=10%)/kg*** Plywood (outdoor use) /m³ 314255 Fibreboard soft/m³ 23129 Woodfree, uncoated/kg 309
Hardwood, Sawn timber, planed, Wood-containing,
PROCESSING mPt 271 WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg 261
air/ kiln dried (u=10%)/kg*** light weight coated (LWC)/kg
High frequency welding dna Hardwood, Sawn timber, raw, Waste treatment scenario in the EU 19 (!) Waste treatment scenario in the EU 20 (!) Wood-containing, supercalendred (SC) /kg 258
234
Extrusion blow molding, pipes/kg 36 (!) air dried (u=20%)/kg***
* For all wood types, the renewable CO2 RECYCLING
Stretch blow moulding/kg 131 (!) Hardwood, Sawn timber, raw,
239 (uptake during growth) is considered neutral. * For all wood types, the renewable CO2
Hot element welding (30sec)/welding 2 (!) kiln dried (u=10%)/kg*** (uptake during growth) is considered neutral. Proces 176 (!)
Hot element (45min)/welding 155 (!) Sawn timber, hardwood, planed, Primary material saved dna
275
Blow moulding/kg 123 (!) kiln dried (u=10%)/kg*** Total dna
Laser welding/m 0,46 (!) Cork slab/kg 257 At this moment there are no data avalable of the
following materials and processes WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
Reaction injection moulding (RIM)/kg, Softwood, Sawn timber, raw,
21 (!) 149
large scale/kg air dried, u=20%/kg***** Materials: Waste treatment scenario in the EU 9 (!)
Rotation Forming/kg 106 (!) Softwood, Sawn timber, planed, veneered boards - laminated boards - HPL coated
173 * Including paper waste as input flow.
Injection moulding/kg 126 (!) air dried/kg***** boards - paper foil coated boards - PVC foil coated
Ultrasonic welding (15kHz)/welding* 0,04 (!) Softwood, Sawn timber, raw, boards - water resistant boards - flame retardant
154 boards - sandwichboards - honeycomb structures -
Ultrasonic welding (20kHz)/welding* 0,02 (!) kiln dried, u=10%/kg*****
solid cores
Ultrasonic welding (40kHz)/welding* 0,01 (!) Softwood, sawn timber, raw,
152
Vacuum forming/kg 16 (!) kiln dried, u=20%/kg***** Machine processes:
Calendering, rigid sheets/kg- Softwood, Sawn timber, planing - drilling- sawing - CNC operations - drift
37 (!) 179 drilling – veneers – milling - wood drying - profiling
only for weak PVC planed, kiln dried/kg*****
Wood carvings: CNC cutting - 3D cutting - other
RECYCLING** mPt/kg PROCESSING mPt/m³
cutting

Proces 25 (!) Impregnating wood (beam)/m³****** 630 Wood bending

Primary material saved -220 Impregnating wood (pole)/m³****** 362
Total -195 (!) Folding dna Connection:
physical connection - gluing
Sawing dna
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
Surface treatments:
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 34 (!) RECYCLING pickling - high gloss spraying - paint spraying - paint
See machined wood rolling - UV paint rolling and drying, varnishing -
* Per welding joint of appr. 2,5 cm2 treating with lye
(0,5 seconds welding). WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
** If sufficiently pure. Coating application:
*** Average European use of PVC from bulk, Waste treatment scenario in the EU 19 (!) application veneer - application melamine -
suspension and emulsion. application HPL - application paper foil - application
**** For thin coatings. * For all wood types, the renewable CO2 PVC foil - side gluing – softforming – postforming -
(uptake during growth) considered neutral. profile paneling
** Density azobe: 1000 kg/m³.
*** Density hardwood: 700 kg/m³.
**** Density parana pine: 500 kg/m³.
Incl. transport naar Europese haven.
***** Density softwood: 450 kg/m³.
****** Only the impregnation process, production
of wood must be added. See “Production
of paint” for impregnation product.

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Cardboard* 05.03 Glass (packaging) 05.04 Electricity
according to voltage
06.01 Electricity
according to extraction
06.02 Heat 06.03

PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION* mPt/kWh PRODUCTION mPt/kWh PRODUCTION* FROM: mPt/MJ

Mixed fibre, single wall/kg 147 Brown (53,1% recycled) /kg 97 Electricity, from nuclear power* 1,2
High voltage (HV) (> 24 kVolt) Anthracite
Recycling fibre, single wall/kg 95 Green (80% recycled) /kg 95 Electricity, from hard coal 89
Recycling fibre, double wall/kg 125 White (58% recycled) /kg 91 Electricity, high voltage Europe (UCTE) 44 Electricity, from oil 85 At stove (5-15kW) 11
Fresh fibre, single wall/kg 261 Electricity, high voltage Belgium 28 From bagasse, sugarcane,
1,66 Lignite briquette
RECYCLING mPt/kg at sugar refinery
Medium voltage (1 tot 24 kVolt) At stove (5-15kW) 16
PROCESSING mPt/kg Proces 58 (!) From bagasse, sweat sorghum,
Electricity, medium voltage Europe (UCTE) 45 3,77
Carton board boxes, Primary material saved dna at distillation Diesel
39 Electricity, medium voltage Belgium 29
gravure printing/kg** Total dna Electricity, from hydropower 0,35 Boiler (10kW) 7,7
Carton board boxes, Low voltage (< 1 kVolt) Electricity, from wind energy 1,2 Industrial (1MW) 8
68 WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
offset printing/kg** Electricity, low voltage Europe (UCTE) 51 From solar-energy** Natural gas
Folding boxboard, Folding Box Board/kg*** 260 Waste treatment scenario in the EU na Electricity, low voltage Belgium 31
Facade, single-Si (laminated, integrated) 9,6 At boiler atm. low-NOx
Electricity, low voltage, CENTREL** 88 6,7
RECYCLING mPt/kg Facade, multi-Si (laminated, integrated) 8,7 condensing non-modulating <100kW
Electricity, low voltage Germany 59
Proces 95 (!) Flat roof installation, single-Si 7 At boiler fan burner low-NOx
Electricity, low voltage France 10 7,6
Primary material saved dna Flat roof installation, multi-Si 6,5 non-modulating <100kW
Electricity, low voltage Greece 113
Total dna Slanted-roof, a-Si (panel, mounted) 6,4 At industrial furnace low-NOx >100kW 7,1
Electricity, low voltage United Kingdom 60
Slanted-roof, a-Si (laminated, integrated) 5,3
Electricity, low voltage Ireland 78 Wood 3,9
WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
Electricity, low voltage Italy 63 * No consideration of calamities.
Waste treatment scenario in the EU 20 (!) Electricity, low voltage Luxembourg 53 ** Photovoltaic electricity produced in a small Hard coal
Electricity, low voltage the Netherlands 64 installation (3kwp). Different indicators
* Cardboard class C. depending on the position of the installation in At stove 5-15kW 15
** Only process, excluding production of cardboard Electricity, low voltage NORDEL*** 18 Industrial furnace 1-10MW 11
the building (outer wall, flat roof, pitched roof).
*** Including production of cardboard. Electricity, low voltage Austria 31
Electricity, low voltage Portugal 66 Heat pump 30kW 3,5
Electricity, low voltage Spain 56
Electricity, low voltage Switzerland 3 Heavy fuel oil
At industrial furnace (1MW) 9,2
* Including production of fuels.
** Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic. Solar-energy
*** Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland. Flat plate collector
For combined system 0,84
Solar+gas heating 5,2
One-family house, for hot water 1,1
Hot water tank
Solar+electric, flat plate,
2,8
multiple dwelling**
Solar+gas heating, one-family house*** 5,2

* Including production of fuels.

** Hot water system with use of electricity for
control and post-heating.
*** Hot water system with use of natural gas for
control and post-heating.

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Transport* 07.01 Lighting 08.01 Electronic
components
08.02 Painting and inks 10.01 Anorganic 10.02

mPt LIGHTING mPt ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS mPt PRODUCTION mPt/kg PRODUCTION mPt/kg
CRT screen, 17 inches 30487
Light bulb 60 Watt/piece* 11 Acrylic varnish, 87.5% in H2O/kg 205 Ammonia (NH3), liquid/kg 218
Road LCD screen, 17 inches 209610
Halogen lamp/piece 3 Alkyd paint, white, 60% in H2O/kg 309 Argon, liquid/kg dna
Desktop computer, without screen 24809
Van <3.5t/tkm 186 Candle dna Alkyd paint, white, 60% in solvent/kg 393 Bentonite/kg 69
Electrode, negative, LiC6/kg 290
Lorry >16t(Eur4)/tkm 15 LED lamp (incl. PCB) (0,35g) /kg 20691 Printing colour, offset, 47.5% solvent/kg 498 Chemicals (inorganic) /kg* 170
Electrode, negative, Ni/kg 8185
Lorry >32t(Eur4)/tkm 12 LED lamp (incl. PCB) (0,35g)/piece 7 Electrode, positive, LiMn2O4/kg 1728 Printing colour, rotogravure, Chlorine (Cl2), liquid/kg 99
381
Railroad OLED dna HDD, desktop computer/piece 1080 55% toluene/kg Fluoride dna
Light bulb SL11 (E-saving)/piece** 136 HDD, laptop computer/piece 300 Phosphoric acid
Train (freight)/tkm 3,9 Laptop computer 35639 WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg 220
T5 (16 mm) fluorescent lamp/piece 25 (industrial grade, 85% in water) /kg
Rechargeable battery, Li-ion, prismatic/kg 7720
Water T8 (26 mm) fluorescent lamp dna Waste treatment scenario in the EU 22 (!) Phosphoric acid
Rechargeable battery, NiMH, prismatic/kg 6119 167
Barge tanker (inland)/tkm 4,4 T12 (38 mm) fluorescent lamp dna (fertiliser grade, 70% in water) /kg
Mouse device, optical, with cable 473
Barge (inland)/tkm 4,7 Power supply unit/piece 2723 Iron sulphate FeSO4/kg 18
As regards lighting you must consider the lamp’s ap- Sodium chloride NaCl/kg 19
Transoceanic tanker (ocean)/tkm 0,6 plication and lifespan. A type A lamp can have a high Printer, laser jet, colour 5642
Transoceanic freight ship/tkm 1,3 score for production, yet in the long run achieve Printer, laser jet, b/w 5631 Caustic soda NaOH/kg dna
better marks than type B due to lower energy Keyboard, standard version 2440 Sodium perborate,
Air Toner module, laser jet, colour/piece 900
355
consumption. Also take into account the lighting ap- monohydrate (NaBO3 · H2O) powder/kg
plication that requires, for instance, one single type Toner module, laser jet, b/w/piece 889 Sodium perborate, tetrahydrate
Aircraft, freight, Europe/tkm 181
A lamp against five type B lamps for equal functional Fan, for electronics/kg 1190 159
Helicopter, LTO cycle (NaBO3 · 4 H2O) powder/kg
14637 lighting.
(takeoff and landing )/piece PCB’s Nitric acid, HNO3/kg 197
Helicopter (flying time)/hour 8601 Printed wiring board, surface mounted, 22345 Silicate (water glass) /kg 102
Pb containing/kg Hydrochloric acid,
Aircraft, freight, intercontinental/tkm 99
* Life span of 1000 hours. Printed wiring board, surface mounted, 22360 41
Pb free/kg mannheim process powder/kg
* Including production of fuels. ** Life span of 8000 hours. Nitrogen (N2), liquid/kg 37
Naked printed wiring board, surface 24531
Indicators per tkm (ton kilometer, transport of mount, lead-containing surface/m² Decarbonised water/kg 0,001
one tonne over one kilometer). Naked printed wiring board, surface 24430 Water (demineralized)/kg dna
mount, lead-free surface/m²
Printed wiring board, through-hole 5275
Tap water/kg 0,03
mounted, Pb containing/kg Hydrogen, liquid/kg 253
Printed wiring board, through-hole 5120 Zeolite/kg 425
mounted, Pb free/kg
Hydrochloric acid HCI (Mannheim)/kg dna
Naked printed wiring board, through- 9586
hole, lead-containing surface/m² Hydrochloric acid HCI/kg dna
Printed wiring board, through-hole, 9243 Oxygen, liquid/kg 35
lead-free surface/m²
Sulphuric acid/kg 27
Give preference to an application without batteries and use more
environmentally safe energy resources. If use of a battery is una- WASTE TREATMENT mPt/kg
voidable, opt for rechargeable batteries. Rechargeable batteries Waste treatment scenario in the EU 22 (!)
(e.g. NiMH, LI-ion, etc.) can be recharged up to 1,000 times and
thus save a considerable amount of raw materials and energy in
the production and waste treatment phases. * Average value for production of anorganic chemicals.

Note that the European Batteries Directive prohibits the use

of rechargeable NiCd batteries (except for a few applications)
due to the harmful, poisoning and carcinogenic properties of
cadmium.

Make sure to design appliances that allow for easy removal of

disposed batteries and accumulators. Provide a manual for ap-
pliances with built-in batteries that explains their easy removal
and informs the user about the type of built-in batteries or
accumulators used.

Used up batteries fall under Small Hazardous Waste and must

therefore always be collected and treated separately.

Flanders applies a take-back obligation for electronic appliances.

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dna: data not available
na: not applicable
Black indicator: trustworthy data Black indicator: trustworthy data Black indicator: trustworthy data
Grey indicator: less trustworthy data/ limited data Grey indicator: less trustworthy data/ limited data Grey indicator: less trustworthy data/ limited data
(!): generic data for this group of materials (!): generic data for this group of materials (!): generic data for this group of materials
dna: data not available dna: data not available dna: data not available
na: not applicable na: not applicable na: not applicable