01 MGC3000speed Governor User Manual PDF

MGC3000 系列水轮机调速器
MGC3000 Series Turbine Speed Governor
用户手册
User Manual
长江三峡能事达电气股份有限公司
Three Gorges Nengshida Electric Co.,Ltd.
第一章
Chapter I
概述
General
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概述 General
1. 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 3
GENERAL .................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 手册的内容 .................................................................................................................... 3
Content ....................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 手册的用途 .................................................................................................................... 3
Purpose....................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 手册的使用范围 ............................................................................................................ 3
Scope of Application ................................................................................................................. 3
1.4 手册章节 ........................................................................................................................ 4
Chapters ..................................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 重要提示 ........................................................................................................................ 6
Important Notice ....................................................................................................................... 6
1.6 制造商地址 .................................................................................................................... 6
Manufacturer's Address: .......................................................................................................... 6
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1. 概述
General
1.1 手册的内容
Content
《调速器用户手册》旨在向用户介绍我公司调速器的工作原理、组成单元和功能，
设备安装、设备调试以及设备日常使用中的维护方法等，以便于用户更好地使用我公司
的产品。
The User Manual for Speed Governor is aimed to give an introduction of our speed
governor in terms of the working principle, components, functions, installation, debugging
and maintenance in daily application, helping customers have a better understanding of our
products.
1.2 手册的用途
Purpose
 了解调速器安装和运行操作中安全注意事项。
 To learn the safety information on the installation and operation of speed governor.
 掌握正确的设备操作和设备维护方法。
 To learn how to operate and maintain the equipment.
 熟悉调速器的技术资料。
 To get familiarized with the technical documents on the speed governor.
1.3 手册的使用范围
Scope of Application
 手册的使用者本手册面向调速器的安装、运行维护人员。从事这些工作的人员
需具备足够的机械、电气工程专业知识和相关经验。
 Users: for personnel to install, operate and maintain the speed governor. The personnel
involved there shall have enough knowledge in mechanical, electrical engineering and so
on, as well as relevant working experience.
 手册的使用范围本手册随设备一起发货，与相应的设备配套使用，不可用来指
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概述 General
导其它产品的使用。
 Scope of Application The Manual is enclosed with the equipment and provided for the
corresponding equipment instead of other products.
 手册的解释权长江三峡能事达电气股份有限公司拥有对手册的最终解释权。
 Power of Interpretation Three Gorges Nengshida Electric Co.,Ltd. reserves the
power of final interpretation for the Manual.
1.4 手册章节
Chapters
 第一章概述
 Chapter I General
介绍整套手册包含的主要内容、用途和使用范围。
To introduce the main contents, purposes and scope of application of the whole manual.
 第二章调速器基本原理和设备特性
 Chapter II Basic Principle & Eqiuipment Features
介绍调速系统基本工作原理和调速系统设备的工作特性。
To introduce the basic working principle and features of the speed governor.
 第三章调速器电气图纸读图说明
 Chapter III Interpretation of Electrical Drawings for Speed Governor
介绍调速器原理图的读图方法。
To introduce the drawing interpretation methods for Speed Governor Schematic Diagram.
 第四章调速器功能说明
 Chapter IV Functions of Speed Governor
介绍调速器的基本功能、操作方式，工况和流程管理，以及 PID 调节规律等。
To introduce basic functions, operation modes, working conditions, process management
and regular patterns for PID regulation, etc.
 第五章调速器试验规程
 Chapter V Test Code for Speed Governor
介绍调速器出厂试验和现场试验必须进行的试验项目、步骤和检验标准。
To introduce the necessary test items, steps and criteria for delivery and field tests on
speed governor.
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概述 General
 第六章调速器人机界面
 Chapter VI Human Machine Interface (HMI) for Speed Governor
介绍调速器人机界面上各个页面功能，参数的物理意义、设置和修改办法。
To introduce each page function for speed governor HMI as well as the physical
significance, setup and modification methods of parameters.
 第七章调速器柜体和传感器安装
 Chapter VII Installation of Speed Governor Cabinet and Sensors
介绍调速器的储存、运输和安装说明。
To introduce the storage, transportation and installation of speed governor.
 第八章调速器运行操作说明
 Chapter VIII Operation of Speed Governor
介绍调速器在日常运行操作方法，以及这些操作的定义。
To introduce the daily operation methods of speed governor and the definition of these
operations.
 第九章调速器维护及故障处理
 Chapter IX Maintenance and Troubleshooting of Speed Governor
介绍调速器的维护保养办法，介绍常见故障的现象和排查办法。
To introduce the maintenance methods of speed governor, namely, common failures and
troubleshooting methods.
 第十章调速器通讯
 Chapter X Communications of Speed Governor
介绍调速器通讯架构以及对外通讯的点表。
To introduce the communication architecture of speed governor and Point Tables for
External Communications
 第十一章调速器硬件手册控制器
 Chapter XI Hardware Manual for Speed Governor: Controllers
介绍调速器微机控制器硬件各个模块的特性和接线定义。
To introduce the features and connection definition of each module for the
micro-controller of speed governor.
 第十二章调速器硬件手册其它元件
 Chapter XII Hardware Manual for Speed Governor: Other Elements
介绍调速器内其它重要部件，如：传感器、接近开关、自制板件等。
To introduce other key elements in speed governor, such as sensors, proximity switches
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概述 General
and customized panels, etc.

 第十三章调速器机械部分
 Chapter XIII Mechnical Part of Speed Governor
介绍调速器的机械部分构成、工作原理和使用维护方法。
To introduce the composition, working principles, application and maintenance methods
for the mechnical part of speed governor.
1.5 重要提示
Important Notice
本手册用于产品介绍，不应理解为项目产品的实际性能。因此，产品与产品说明之
间会存在差异，应当以实际产品性能为准。
The Manual is used as a product description instead of real functions. Therefore, in case
of discrepancy between the product and the description, the real product functions shall
prevail.
本手册的编制难免有疏漏，用户如发现任何错误，恳请及时通知我方以尽快校正。
An omission or mistake may occur during the preparation of the Manual. Please notify us
of any mistake for timely updates.
1.6 制造商地址
Manufacturer's Address:
◆ 制造厂名称：长江三峡能事达电气股份有限公司
◆ Name: Three Gorges Nengshida Electric Co., Ltd.
◆ 制造厂地址：武汉市洪山区书城路 36 号
◆ Address: No. 36, Shucheng Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan
◆ 传真：027-50248889
◆ Fax: 027-50248889
◆ 电话：027-50248888
◆ Tel: 027-50248888
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第二章
Chapter II
调速器基本原理和设备特性
Basic Principle & Equipment

Features of Speed Governors
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Basic Principle & Equipment Features of Speed Governors
2．调速器基本原理和设备特性 ................................................................................... 4
BASIC PRINCIPLE & EQUIPMENT FEATURES OF SPEED GOVERNOR .............. 4
2.1 调速系统原理介绍 .............................................................................................................. 4
Introduction to the working principle of speed governing system ....................................... 4
2.2 MGC3000 系列调速器概述 ................................................................................................ 6
Overview of MGC3000 series speed governors ...................................................................... 6
2.3 MGC 系列调速器的选型说明............................................................................................ 7
Type selection of MGC series speed governors ...................................................................... 7
2.4 MGC 系列调速器的性能参数............................................................................................ 7
Performance parameters for MGC series speed governors .................................................. 7

2.4.1 MGC 系列调速器的主要技术参数 ................................................................................. 7
Main technical parameters for MGC series speed governors ..................................................... 7
2.4.2 MGC 系列调速器的基本功能 ......................................................................................... 9
Basic functions of MGC series speed governors ........................................................................ 9
2.5 调速器电气原理概述 ........................................................................................................ 10
Overview of electrical principle for speed governor ............................................................ 10
2.6 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统...................................................................................... 14
Power system of MGC3000 series speed governors ............................................................. 14

2.6.1 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统特点 ........................................................................... 14
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Power system features of MGC3000 series speed governors ................................................... 14

2.6.2 MGC3000 系列调速器的急停回路电源 ....................................................................... 15
Power supply for emergency shutdown circuit of MGC3000 series speed governors ............. 15
2.7 MGC3000 系列调速器双微机控制器冗余...................................................................... 16
Dual-microcomputer controller redundancy of MGC3000 series speed governors ......... 16

2.7.1 MGC3000 系列双微机控制器冗余特点 ....................................................................... 16
Features of dual-microcomputer controller redundancy of MGC3000 series speed governors16
2.7.2 MGC3000 系列双微机控制器切换特点 .................................................................... 16
Switching features of the dual microcomputer controllers for MGC series ............................. 16
2.8 MGC3000 系列调速器的通讯接口.................................................................................. 17
Communication ports for MGC3000 series speed governors ............................................. 17

2.8.1 RS232/485 接口.............................................................................................................. 17
RS232/485 port ......................................................................................................................... 17
2.8.2 以太网接口...................................................................................................................... 18
Ethernet port.............................................................................................................................. 18
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2．调速器基本原理和设备特性
Basic Principle & Equipment Features of Speed Governor
2.1 调速系统原理介绍
Introduction to the working principle of speed governing system
水轮机调速系统由水轮机控制系统和被控制系统组成，方框内即为调速系统。
The turbine governing system consists of the turbine control system and the controlled
system, with the governing system indicated in the block.
水轮机控制系统用来检测被控参量（转速、流量、水位、功率等）与给定参量
的偏差，并将它们按照一定特性转换成主接力器行程偏差的一些设备所组成的系统。
Turbine control system a system composing of some equipment to detect the
deviations between the controlled parameters (rotational speed, flow rate, water level, power,
etc.) and the given parameters, converting them to the stroke deviation of the main
servomotor.
被控制系统由控制系统控制的设备或物理量，包括水轮机、引水和泄水系
统，发电机以及所并入的电网。
Controlled system equipment or physical quantity controlled by the control system,
including turbines, diversion & drainage system, generators and the grid connected.
调速器通过外围的水位、频率、有功功率、导叶开度等传感器将机组的信息送至控
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制器，控制器将这些信息与监控系统或者调速器面板上的控制指令进行综合，判断机组
当前的工作状态以及控制目标，并且将控制信号送至执行机构，将控制指令经过电液转
换之后最终作用在导叶（桨叶）接力器上，从而改变机组的运行状态，达到预期的控制
目标。
The speed governor sends the unit information to the controller via peripheral sensors for
water level, frequency, active power, guide vane opening, etc. The controller integrates the
information with the control commands by the monitoring system or the speed governor, to
verify the current working status and control object of the unit and send the control signal to
the actuating mechanism, with the control command finally acting on the guide vane (paddle)
servomotor upon an electro-hydraulic conversion to fulfill the expected control object.
◆ 机组在并网运行前，调速器将机组调整到额定转速运行，此时调速器的作用为
频率调节器，其调整目标是把机组频率调整到额定值。
◆ Before connecting to the grid, the speed governor regulates the unit to operate based
on a rated speed. The speed governor then works as a frequency regulator, aiming to regulate
the unit frequency into a rated value.
◆ 机组在并网运行后，机组向电网输出有功功率，调整水轮机的导叶开度/桨叶开
度能够改变机组输出的有功功率大小，此时调速器作为有功功率调节器工作，其调整目
标是把机组发出的有功功率调整到电网需求的数值。同时，调速器需要控制导叶开度，
使得机组发出的有功功率不超过机组的额定功率，所以调速器也作为机组有功功率限制
器使用。当电网频率波动超过设定值后，调速器自动变为频率调节器，将机组频率稳定
在机组额定值。
◆ Upon a grid-connected operation, the unit outputs the active power. It can regulate
the guide vane opening/paddle opening of the turbine to change the active power outputted by
the unit. The speed governor then works as an active power regulator, aiming to regulate the
active power by the unit to a required value by the grid. In the meantime, the speed governor
needs to control the guide vane opening, making the active power by the unit no more than the
rated power of the unit. Therefore, the speed governor also works as an active power limiter.
When the grid frequency fluctuation exceeds the set value, the speed governor automatically
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converts to a frequency regulator, keeping the unit frequency stable at the rated value of the
unit.
2.2 MGC3000 系列调速器概述
Overview of MGC3000 series speed governors
MGC3000 系列调速器，是能事达电气根据多年的调速器设计制造经验，并结合我
国国情和水力发电行业特点开发的新产品。其采用了高性能双微机调节器作为控制核
心，搭配可靠性高的执行元件和全国产化具有完全自主知识产权的主配压阀，具有测频
精度高、响应速度快、静态耗油量低和安装维护简便等特点，已经开始广泛应用于国内
大、中型水电站中。
The MGC3000 Series speed governor, is a new product developed by NENGSHIDA
based on years of experience in the design and manufacturing of speed governors while
proceeding from the national conditions and industrial features of hydraulic electro generating.
It adopts high-performance dual microcomputer governor as the core controller, adopting
high-reliability actuator elements and the fully-localized main distributing valve of complete
independent intellectual property rights. It is featured with high frequency measurement
accuracy, fast response speed, low oil consumption in a static status and easy installation and
maintenance, etc, and has been widely applied to medium and large hydropower stations
around China.
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2.3 MGC 系列调速器的选型说明
Type selection of MGC series speed governors
示例：NSD-MGC4004PS-S150/6.3 M340 双控制器比例阀+伺服电机双调节型调速器

Example: NSD-MGC4004PS-S150/6.3 M340 dual controller proportional valve + servomotor
dual-channel speed governor
2.4 MGC 系列调速器的性能参数
Performance parameters for MGC series speed governors
2.4.1 MGC 系列调速器的主要技术参数
Main technical parameters for MGC series speed governors
◆ 供电需求 AC240V±15%，DC110V±15%
◆ Power demand AC240V±15%，DC110V±15%
◆ 调节柜功耗 1.5KVA @ AC240V，1.5kW@DC110V
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◆ Regulator cubicle power consumption 1.5KVA @ AC240V，1.5kW@DC110V

◆ 绝缘电阻 >1MΩ@1000V DC
◆ Insulation resistance >1MΩ@1000V DC
◆ 工作环境温度要求 -10~55℃
◆ Temperature for working environment -10~55℃
◆ 工作环境相对湿度 ≤85%RH
◆ Relative humidity for working environment ≤85%RH
◆ 控制器主频 >100MHz
◆ Basic frequency for controllers >100MHz
◆ 可用存储区大小 >8MB
◆ Memory available >8MB
◆ 测频精度 ≤0.0015Hz
◆ Frequency measurement accuracy ≤0.0015Hz
◆ 测频方式残压测频+齿盘测频
◆ Frequency measurement mode frequency measurement by residual voltage + frequency
measurement by fluted disc
◆ 数字量输入/输出通道数量 16 路 DI+16 路 DO（可扩展）
◆ Quantity of digital I/O channels 16-channel DI + 16-channel DO (extensible)
◆ 模拟量输入/输出通道数量 4 路 AI+2 路 AO（可扩展）
◆ Quantity of analog I/O channels 4-channel AI + 2-channel AO (extensible)
◆ 模拟量输入输出精度 ≥12bits
◆ Precision of Analog I/O ≥12bits
◆ 模拟量输出负载能力 0~20mA 500Ω
◆ Load capacity of AO 0~20mA 500Ω
◆ 调节规律并联 PID
◆ Regulation rules parallel-connected PID
◆ 永态转差系数 bp 可调节范围 0~10%
◆ Adjustable range of permanent speed droop bp 0~10%
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◆ 比例增益 Kp 可调节范围 0~20.0

◆ Adjustable range of proportional gains Kp 0~20.0
◆ 积分增益 Ki 可调节范围 0~20 1/s
◆ Adjustable range of integral gains Ki 0~20 1/s
◆ 微分增益 Kd 可调节范围 0~10 s
◆ Adjustable range of differential gains Kd 0~10 s
◆ 人工转速失灵区调节范围 0~±0.5Hz （可调节）
◆ Adjustable range of artificial speed failure band (tunable)
◆ 转速死区 ≤0.02%
◆ Speed dead-band ≤0.02%
◆ 接力器不动时间 ≤0.2s
◆ Servomotor no-action duration ≤0.2s
◆ 操作管路中压力油流速＜5m/s
◆ Pressure oil flow rate in operating lines ＜5m/s
◆ 电液转换单元滞环＜0.2%
◆ Hysteresis for electro-hydraulic converter ＜0.2%
◆ 电液转换单元响应频宽 20Hz~70Hz
◆ Response bandwidth for electro-hydraulic converter 20Hz~70Hz
◆ 频率给定可调范围 Fn±10%
◆ Set adjustable range of frequency Fn±10%
◆ 有功功率给定可调范围 0~120%Pn
◆ Set adjustable range of active power 0~120%Pn
2.4.2 MGC 系列调速器的基本功能
Basic functions of MGC series speed governors
◆ 自动/手动启停机组功能
◆ Auto/manual start/stop for the unit
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◆ 自动/手动机组频率控制功能
◆ Auto/manual frequency control for the unit
◆ 自动/手动机组有功功率控制功能
◆ Auto/manual active power control for the unit
◆ 双微机控制器冗余功能
◆ Redundancy of dual microcomputer controller
◆ 紧急停机功能
◆ Emergency shutdown
◆ 调速器试验功能
◆ Test on speed governor
◆ 模拟量校准和死区整定功能
◆ Analog calibration and dead-band setting
◆ 调速系统故障自诊断和报警功能
◆ Self-Diagnosis and alarming for failures in speed governor
◆ 一次调频功能
◆ Primary frequency modulation
2.5 调速器电气原理概述
Overview of electrical principle for speed governor
◆ 调速器供电采用 AC240V 和 DC110V 共同供电的方式保证可靠性，电源经

过整形和隔离滤波后送至开关电源，整合成 DC24V 供柜内自动化元件使用。散热、除
湿、照明和辅助电源采用交流 240V。
◆ Power supply of speed governor: It adopts an AC240V-DC110V joint power supply
mode to ensure the reliability, with the power sent to the switching power supply via shaping
and isolated filtering and integrated into the automation element used inside the DC 24V
power cube. Power supply for heat emission, dehumidification, illumination and auxiliary
power supply adopts AC 240V.
◆ 频率信号采集调速器用频率信号来源有 3 路信号，①取自与机组大轴同步转
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动的齿盘测速装置②取自机端 PT③取自系统 PT。

◆ Frequency signal acquisition: the frequency signal source for speed governors has signals
in 3 channels, coming ① from the fluted disc speed detector rotating in synchronization with
the main shaft of the unit; ② from generator terminal PT; ③ from the system PT.
◆ 模拟量采集调速器使用的水头、导叶开度等模拟量信号以 4~20mA 或 0~10V
的形式直接送至控制器的模拟量输入模块，经过 AD 转换之后作为控制参量。
◆ Analog acquisition: The analog signals such as water head and guide vane opening, etc.
adopted by the speed governor are directly sent to the analog input module in a form of
4~20mA or 0~10V, used as the control parameters upon AD conversion.
◆ 离散量采集调速器接收的开机、停机、增速、降速等操作命令经过光隔离
之后进入控制器的开关量输入模块，经过转换之后作为控制指令。
◆ Discrete acquisition: Such operating commands as starting-up, shutdown, speed-up and
speed-down, etc. as received by the speed governor enter into the switching input module of
the controller upon the optical isolation, used as the control command after the conversion.
◆ 模拟量输出调速器内部使用的参量，经过 DA 转换后通过模拟量输出模块，
送至面板上的表计显示或者其它设备，以表示调速器当前的状态。
◆ Analog output: The parameters used inside the speed governor, is sent to the
instrument display or other equipment on the panel after the DA conversion via analog I/O
module, to show the current status of the speed governor.
◆ 离散量输出调速器需要输出的信号，经过控制器离散量输出模块，送至输
出功能板，驱动外围的指示灯或电磁阀等完成信号输出。
◆ Discrete output: The output signal required for the speed governor, is sent to the
output panel via the discrete output module of the controller, driving the peripheral indicator
light or the solenoid valve to complete the signal output.
◆ 执行机构控制调速器的执行机构为电-液/电-机转换器，控制器输出特定的信
号至这些器件，以驱动主配压阀，操作接力器开关。
◆ Control by actuating mechanism: the actuating mechanism of the speed governor is
an electro-hydraulic/electro-mechanic converter, with the controller outputting a specific
signal to these elements to drive the main distributing valve, operating the servomotor switch.
◆ 通讯链路调速器内部设备之间通讯采用串行口或者以太网，并预留了对
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外通讯端口。
◆ Communication links Communications between the internal equipment
of the speed governor adopt a serial port or Ethernet, preserving an external communication
port.
2-12
2-13
2.6 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统
Power system of MGC3000 series speed governors
2.6.1 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统特点
Power system features of MGC3000 series speed governors
◆ 输入电源交直流互为备用。
◆ The alternating current and direct current for the input power source are standby for
each other.
◆ 内部电源组成：开关电源交叉冗余合成控制和公共 DC24V 电源，其 DC24V 电
源与外部电源供电电源为完全隔离，保证调速系统内部电源可靠性。
◆ Composition of internal electrical power supply: combined control of the cross
redundancy of the switching power supply and common DC 24V power supply, with
the DC 24V power supply completely isolated from the external power supply
2-14
source, ensuring the internal reliability of the power supply for the governing
system.
◆ 双机实现完全独立供电，任何一套微机控制器出现电源故障，不影响另外一套
微机控制器正常运行；即能做到保证一套正常运行的前提下，切除备用机电源，
方便检修运行人员维护检查及故障排除。
◆ The dual-controller system can realize a completely-independent power supply. In
case a power failure occurs to any one of the micro-controllers, the other one can
still work normally with no impacted exerted. That is, when one controller works
well, it is convenient for the maintenance staff to conduct maintenance and
troubleshooting while the standby controller is powered off.
◆ 辅助电源 AC240V 为风扇散热、检修调试插座、柜内照明和柜内除湿等辅助功
能供电。
◆ The auxiliary power supply, AC 240V, is used for such auxiliary functions as heat
elimination of fans, socket inspection & debugging, in-cube illumination and in-cube
dehumidification, etc.
2.6.2 MGC3000 系列调速器的急停回路电源
Power supply for emergency shutdown circuit of MGC3000 series speed governors
为保证紧急停机阀的动作可靠性，输入柜内的直流 110V 电源直接为调速器紧急停

机电磁阀供电，而不经过空气开关，以免因为空气开关误动影响紧急停机阀动作。
In order to ensure the reliability of the emergency shutdown solenoid valve operation, the
DC 110V power supply inputted into the cube can power the emergency shutdown solenoid
valve of the speed governor directly, instead of through the air-break switch, which can avoid
exerting an impact on the operation of the emergency shutdown solenoid valve due to the
unwanted operation of the air-break switch.
2-15
2.7 MGC3000 系列调速器双微机控制器冗余
Dual-microcomputer controller redundancy of MGC3000 series speed governors
2.7.1 MGC3000 系列双微机控制器冗余特点
Features of dual-microcomputer controller redundancy of MGC3000 series speed governors
◆ 双微机控制器冗余为热备冗余，主用机工作的同时，备用机实时采集和处理数
据以及故障报警处理。
◆ The dual-microcomputer controller redundancy is of hot spared redundancy, while
the host machine is working, the standby acquires and processes the data in real time
and give a failure alarming.
◆ 调速器对外控制输出仅仅在主用机上进行，备用机内部采集及处理数据，但不
参与控制输出，备用机的控制数据体现在人机界面数据信息页面上。
◆ The external control output of the speed governor is only conducted by the host
machine, and the standby acquires and processes the data internally without
participating in the control output. The control data by the standby can be displayed
on the data information page of HMI.
◆ 双机均有独立的工作电源，任何一套电源故障都不会影响调速系统正常运行。
◆ The dual controllers both have an independent operational power supply; a power
failure in any one of the two sets can exert no impact on the normal operation of the
governing system.
◆ 备用机自动判断调速器所处于状态，备用机切换至主用时，维持系统工况不变。
◆ The standby controller can automatically determine the status of the speed governor.
When the standby switches over to the host controller, the working conditions of the
system keep unchanged.
2.7.2 MGC3000 系列双微机控制器切换特点
Switching features of the dual microcomputer controllers for MGC series
◆ 双机切换无扰动：双微机为热备冗余，切换前后调速器状态及工况保持不变。
2-16
◆ No-disturbance for dual controller switching: the dual microcomputer controllers

are of hot spared redundancy, the status and working conditions before and after the
switching can keep unchanged.
◆ 双机切换迅速：主用机出现大故障时，备用机能够快速切换至主用状态工作。
◆ Rapid switchover of the dual controllers: when a major failure occurs to the host
controller, the standby can switch over to the host one rapidly.
◆ 双机重复切换闭锁：闭锁主备用重复切换，规避调速系统的不正常现象。
◆ Repetitive switchover and locking of dual controllers: repetitive switchover for
locked host/standby controllers to avoid abnormal operation of the governing
system.
※MGC3000 系列调速器的主备用切换原理细节请参考本手册第四章《调速器功能说明》中 4.6 小节
“控制权竞争”。
Please refer to Section 4.6 Competition for Right of Control as stipulated in Chapter IV Functions of
Speed Governor in this Manual, for details about the host-standby system switching principle of
MGC3000 series speed governors.
2.8 MGC3000 系列调速器的通讯接口
Communication ports for MGC3000 series speed governors
2.8.1 RS232/485 接口
RS232/485 port
MGC3000 系列调速器上配置了通用串行通讯接口，支持 Modbus RTU 协议，其物

理连接方式为 RS232（3 线）或 RS485（2 线）的接口。
The MGC3000 series speed governors are provided with common serial communication
port, supporting Modbus RTU protocols, with Connector RS232 (3 wires) for RS485 (2 wires)
adopted for its physical connection.
2-17
2.8.2 以太网接口
Ethernet port
MGC3000 系列调速器上配置了以太网通讯接口，支持 Modbus TCP/IP 协议，其物

理连接方式为 RJ45 接头。
The MGC3000 series speed governors are provided with the Ethernet communication
port, supporting Modbus TCP/IP protocols, with Connector RJ45 adopted for its physical
connection.
※MGC3000 系列调速器的通讯细节请参考本手册第十章《调速器通讯》
Please refer to Chapter X Communications of Speed Governor in this Manual for details about
MGC3000 series speed governors.
2-18
第三章
Chapter III
调速器电气图纸读图说明
Interpretation of Electrical
Drawings for Speed
Governors
3-1
Interpretation of Electrical Drawings for Speed Governors
3．调速器电气图纸读图说明 ...................................................................................... 2
IHTERPRETATION OF ELECTRICAL DRAWINGS FOR SPEED GOVERNORS..... 2
3.1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................... 2
General ...................................................................................................................................... 2
3.2 阅读图纸 .............................................................................................................................. 3
Reading of Drawings ................................................................................................................ 3

3.2.1 封面 ................................................................................................................................... 4
Cover Sheet ................................................................................................................................ 4
3.2.2 调速器系统参数 ............................................................................................................... 5
Parameters for Speed Governors ................................................................................................ 5
3.2.3 图纸目录 ........................................................................................................................... 6
Drawing List ............................................................................................................................... 6
3.2.4 电气原理总图 ................................................................................................................... 7
General Electrical Schematics .................................................................................................... 7
3.2.5 元器件明细表 ................................................................................................................... 9
Element List ............................................................................................................................... 9
3.2.6 接线原理图 ..................................................................................................................... 10
Wiring Schematics ................................................................................................................... 10
3.2.7 面板布置图 ..................................................................................................................... 12
Panel Layout ............................................................................................................................. 12
3.2.8 端子图 ............................................................................................................................. 13
Terminal Diagram .................................................................................................................... 13
3-1
3．调速器电气图纸读图说明
Ihterpretation of Electrical Drawings for Speed Governors
3.1 概述
General
电气图纸中表明了电气控制部分主要硬件的规格和参数。阅读本章的目的在于能够
从电气图纸中快速地找到各个硬件及其连接电路，熟悉电气控制部分的组成和更快地定
位故障。
The electrical drawings indicate the specifications and parameters for the main hardware
of electrical controllers. The purpose of reading this Chapter is: to rapidly find each hardware
and its connecting circuit in the electrical drawings, getting familiarized with the composition
of the electric controllers and locating the failures more rapidly.
电气图纸包含以下几个内容：
The electrical drawings cover the following contents:
第一部分封面
Part I Cover
第二部分目录
Part II List
第三部分系统原理图
Part III System Schematics
第四部分电气接线原理图纸
Part IV Electrical Wiring Schematics
第五部分端子图和配线表
Part V Terminal Diagram and Wiring Schedule
※注意本章节旨在介绍我公司的 MGC 系列产品的电气图纸的读图方法，并不针对某
3-2
一个项目的电气原理图，故其中实例可能与实际产品的图纸有些许差别，应当以具体项
目的正式图纸为准。
※Note: this Chapter aims to introduce the methods for electrical drawing interpretation
of MGC Series products, not just for the electrical schematics of a certain project.
Therefore, Examples given in the Chapter may differ from the drawings for real
products in some way. The official drawing for the specific project shall prevail in this
case.
3.2 阅读图纸
Reading of Drawings
电气图纸页码规则：
Rules on sheet numbers for electrical drawings:
◆ 封面
◆ Cover Sheet
◆ 调速系统参数第 001 页
◆ Parameters for Governing System Sheet 001
◆ 图纸目录第 010 -011 页
◆ Drawing List Sheet 010 -011
◆ 原理总图部分第 031 -032 页
◆ General Schematics Sheet 031 -032
◆ 元器件明细表第 040 -050 页
◆ Element List Sheet 040 -050
◆ 标牌明细表第 060 -080 页
◆ Detailed Nameplate List Sheet 060 -080
◆ 接线原理图纸第 100 -900 页
◆ Wiring Schematics Sheet 100 -900
◆ 柜体布置图第 1000 -1040 页
◆ Cabinet Arrangement Plan Sheet 1000 -1040
◆ 电调柜端子图第 1200 -1251 页
◆ Electric Governing Cabinet Terminal Diagram Sheet 1200 -1251
3-3
3.2.1 封面
Cover Sheet
图 3.2.1-1 图纸封面（部分）
Figure 3.2.1-1 Cover Sheet (partial)
图纸封面所包含内容有：
The Cover Sheet includes:
◆ 图纸版本说明（供审图纸、正式图纸、生产图纸、竣工图纸）；
◆ Note for drawing versions (drawings for approval, official drawings, production
drawings, as-built drawings);
3-4
◆ 图纸设计、校对与审查审核信息；
◆ Drawing designing, proofreading, checking and reviewing information;
◆ 图纸设计、校对与审查审核信息；
◆ information on persons to design, proofread, check and approve the drawings;
◆ 图纸适用的项目名称，设备名称及合同编号；
◆ Project names, equipment names and contract numbers applicable to the drawings;
◆ 图纸类型（电气原理图、生产配线图）。
◆ Drawing category (electrical schematics, production wiring diagrams).
3.2.2 调速器系统参数
Parameters for Speed Governors
图 3.2.2-1 调速系统参数（部分）
Figure 3.2. 2-1 Parameters for Speed Governors (partial)
调速系统参数页包含的内容有：
The Parameters for Speed Governors includes:
◆ PT 变比说明本台设备适用的电压信号变比；
◆ PT transformation ratio to indicate the voltage signal transformation ratio
applicable to the equipment;
◆ CT 变比说明本台设备适用的电流信号变比；
◆ CT transformation ratio to indicate the current signal transformation ratio
3-5
applicable to the equipment;

◆ 水轮机形式说明水轮机是否为导叶/桨叶双调节形式；
◆ Turbine mode to indicate whether the turbine is of a dual
governing mode by guide vane/paddle.
◆ 装机台数说明同规格产品在电站的装机数；
◆ Quantity of equipment installed to indicate the quantity of similar products
installed in power stations;
◆ 调速系统操作油压说明产品的额定操作油压；
◆ Working oil pressure for governing system to indicate the rated working oil
pressure of the products;
◆ 调速器工作电源说明调速器的供电需求。
◆ Working power supply for speed governors to indicate the power demand of speed
governors.
3.2.3 图纸目录
Drawing List
图 3.2.3-1 图纸目录（部分）
Figure 3.2. 3-1 Drawing List (partial)
图纸目录所包含内容有：
3-6
The Drawing List includes:

◆ 图纸页面内容描述；
◆ Description of drawing sheets;
◆ 图纸文件更新日期；
◆ Date to update the drawings;
◆ 图纸页码编号。
◆ Numbering of drawing sheets.
3.2.4 电气原理总图
General Electrical Schematics
图 3.2.4-1 电气原理总图（局部）
Figure 3.2. 4-1 General Electrical Schematics (partial)
3-7
测频单元人工频
(齿盘/残压冗余) 率死区比例
机组频率 f
Kf Ef KP
电气开限
微分
频率 KDS YPID
L
给定 1+ T1VS
电网频率积分
KI
LCU跟踪网频 S
/频给选择
人工开度
Ey/p
LCU功率给定 /功率死区
方式选择调速器工作
模式切换
功率脉冲永态差
bp(e)p
给定功率值环节
功率设定值给定
给定
开度
给定
调速器工作
模式切换
图 3.2.4-2 自动控制原理框图（局部）
Figure 3.2. 4- 2 Automatic Control Functional Bock Diagram (partial)
◆ 电气原理总图详见设备图纸 P031；
◆ Refer to Drawing P031 for General Electrical Schematics;
电气原理总图反映了调速器的电气控制配置、电气连接方式以及说明，包含有：
The General Electrical Schematics indicate the electric control setup, electrical wiring mode
and related notes for speed governors, including:
① 控制器部分的组成
Composition of controllers
② 输入输出信号来源去向
Sources and whereabouts of I/O signals
③ 频率信号来源和测频回路的组成
Source of frequency signals and composition of frequency measurement circuits
④ 设备的供电和内部电源分配
Equipment power supply and internal power distribution
⑤ 给定信号、反馈信号来源
Sources of command signals and feedback signals
3-8
⑥ 备注和说明
Remarks and notes:
◆ 自动控制原理框图详见设备图纸 P032；
◆ Refer to Drawing P032 for Automatic Control Functional Bock Diagram;
自动控制原理框图表明了调速器运行过程中信号采集，控制运算规律，控制信号输出的
信号传导方向，以便于理解调速系统的信号传输方向和工作原理。
The Automatic Control Functional Bock Diagram indicates the signal acquisition during the
operation of speed governors, controls the operation rule and the transmission direction of
signal output, in order to better understand the signal transmission direction and the working
principle of speed governors.
3.2.5 元器件明细表
Element List
图 3.2.5-1 元器件明细表（局部）
Figure 3.2. 5-1 Element List (partial)
◆ 目录说明元器件的型号规格；
◆ Content to indicate the type and specification of the elements;
◆ 制造商说明元器件的品牌和制造商；
◆ Manufacturers to indicate the brands and manufactures of the elements;
◆ 描述说明元器件的主要技术参数；
◆ Description to indicate the main technical parameters for the elements;
3-9
◆ 数量说明同一个元器件在柜内的使用数量；
◆ Quantity to indicate the numbers of a same element adopted in the
cabinet;
◆ 子装配数量和标记说明同一个元器件柜内的使用标记和明细。
◆ Quantity and Marking of Sub-assembly to indicate the application marks and
details in a same element cabinet.
3.2.6 接线原理图 ① Physical
Wiring Schematics
② Cabinet
③ Element
④Signal trend
3-10
图 3.2.6-1 电气原理图图纸（局部）
Figure 3.2. 6-1 Electrical Schematics (partial)
原理接线图包含内容有：
The Electrical Schematics includes:
 ①电源转换板物理意义：标明了此信号的物理意义；
 Power supply converting board physical significance: to indicate the physical
significance of this signal;
 ②GR 所在柜体：其中 GR 柜为调速器电气柜，机械柜用 GM 表示，GM
表示该元器件摆放在调速器机械柜里面；
 Cabinet where GR located in: here GR Cabinet is the electric cabinet for speed governors,
GM for mechanic cabinet, with GM indicating that the element is placed in the mechanic
cabinet for speed governors;
 ③PCI101 器件代号：元器件的柜内标识；
 PCI101 element code: the marks inside the element cabinet;
 ④101.1B 信号走向：表明信号的来源去向，此处信号在 101 页图纸 1A 区有
引用。
 101.1B signal trend: to indicate the source and whereabouts of signals, the signals
here are cited in Zone 1A on Sheet 101.
3-11
3.2.7 面板布置图
Panel Layout
Display,
instrument
Function
description
Indicator,
switch
图 3.2.7-1 面板布置图（局部）
Figure 3.2. 7-1 Panel Layout (partial)
面板布置图所包含内容有：
The Cover Sheet Panel Layout includes:
◆ 设备面板上的仪表和按钮、指示灯的整体排布；
◆ Instruments and buttons on the panel, overall layout of indicator lamps;
◆ 显示屏、仪表的位置和分布；
◆ position and distribution of displays and instruments;
◆ 指示灯、开关的位置和分布；
◆ position and distribution of indicator lamps and switches;
◆ 功能说明标牌。
◆ Function labels.
3-12
3.2.8 端子图
Terminal Diagram
图 3.2.8-1 面板布置图（局部）
Figure 3.2. 8-1 Panel Layout (partial)
端子图所包含内容有：
The Terminal Diagram includes:
◆远端装置代号：表明与该端子关联的其它设备；
Remote device code: to indicate other equipment in related to this terminal;
◆远端电缆编号：表明与该端子连接的电缆代号和芯号；
Remote cable code: to indicate the cable code and core no. related to this terminal;
◆端子号：表示该端子的在本端子排上的序号；
Terminal no.: to indicate the serial number of this terminal on this terminal block;
◆端子定义：表示端子连接的信号的物理定义；
Definition of terminals: to indicate the physical definitions of the signals connected to this
terminal;
3-13
◆柜内装置：表示与该端子连接的柜内设备的编号。
Device inside the cabinet: to indicate the equipment no. inside the cabinet that is connected to
this terminal.
3-14
第四章
Chapter IV
调速器功能说明
Functions of Speed
Governors
4-1
Functions of Speed Governors
4．调速器功能说明 .................................................................................................................. 4
FUNCTIONS OF SPEED GOVERNORS .............................................................................. 4
4.1 概述....................................................................................................................................... 4
General ....................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2 控制模式管理 ...................................................................................................................... 5
Control Mode Management ..................................................................................................... 5

4.2.1 工况管理............................................................................................................................ 5
Working condition management ................................................................................................. 5
4.2.2 操作方式切换.................................................................................................................... 9
Switching of operation modes .................................................................................................... 9
4.3 测量及滤波 ........................................................................................................................ 11
Measurement and Filtration .................................................................................................. 11

4.3.1 信号测量.......................................................................................................................... 11
Signal measurement .................................................................................................................. 11
4.3.2 信号测量.......................................................................................................................... 11
Signal measurement .................................................................................................................. 11
4.3.3 测频部分工作原理.......................................................................................................... 12
Working principle for frequency measurement ........................................................................ 12
4.4 调节算法 ............................................................................................................................ 14
Regulation Algorithm ............................................................................................................. 14
4.5 随动系统 ............................................................................................................................ 20
Follow-up System .................................................................................................................... 20
4-2
4.6 控制权竞争 ........................................................................................................................ 21
Competition for Right of Control .......................................................................................... 21

4.6.1 双微机控制器在控制执行机构划分.............................................................................. 21
Division of dual microcomputer controllers in actuating mechanism ...................................... 21
4.6.2 MGC3000 系列主备切换功能介绍 ............................................................................... 22
Host/standby switching of MGC3000 series ............................................................................ 22
4.6.3 MGC3000 系列主备切换特点及条件 ........................................................................... 22
Features and conditions for host/standby switching of MGC 4000 series................................ 22
4.7 诊断及容错功能 ................................................................................................................ 25
Diagnosis and Fault-tolerance ............................................................................................... 25

4.7.1 MGC3000 系列诊断及容错功能概述 ........................................................................... 25
Overview of diagnosis and fault-tolerance of MGC 4000 series .............................................. 25
4.7.1 MGC3000 系列诊断及容错功能介绍 ........................................................................... 26
Introduction to diagnosis and fault-tolerance of MGC 4000 series .......................................... 26
4-3
4．调速器功能说明
4.1 概述
General
调速器作为水轮机的控制器，能够判断当前机组状态，根据控制目标值下发控制指
令。其主要功能有测量与处理数据、机组工况管理、执行机构控制、故障诊断与报警等。
As the controller for the turbine, the speed governor can judge the current status of the
unit, giving a command according to the target value for control. Its main functions include:
data measurement & processing, working condition management of the unit, the control, fault
diagnosis and alarming of the actuating mechanism, etc.
调速器软件程序采用功能模块化的设计，定义出水轮机调速器的多个不同的专用功
能，设置多组针对发电机组不同工况的控制参数，采用自适应变参数调节方式，实现调
速器的频率、有功功率和流量控制等功能。
The software program for the speed governor adopts a moduled design, defines multiple
different special functions of the turbine speed governor, sets multiple groups of control
parameters for various working conditions of the generating unit, adopts self-adaptive variable
parameter regulation, realizing such functions as the frequency, active power and flow rate
control of the speed governor.
4-4
图 4.1-1 软件结构示意图
Figure 4.1-1 Software Architecture Schematics
调速器功能大体分为“工况管理”、“测量及滤波”、“调节算法”、 “电液转换随动控
制”、“故障诊断”、“人机交互”、“控制权竞争”等几个部分。
The functions of speed governors can generally be divided into several parts, namely,
"working condition management", "measurement and filtration", "adjustable algorithm", "
follow-up control of electro-hydraulic conversion", "fault diagnosis", "human-machine
interaction" and "competition for right of control".
4.2 控制模式管理
Control Mode Management
4.2.1 工况管理
Working condition management
调速器根据外部命令、内部状态量判断当前设备的工作状况及故障信息，并且根据
设定的调节目标值进行工况的转换及故障后的响应操作。
The speed governor judges the current working conditions and fault information of the
equipment based on external commands and internal quantities of state, conducting the
working condition conversion and the pro-failure response according to the target regulation
values.
按照机组的工况，调速器的工作状态分为“停机备用态”、“开机过程态”、“空载态”、
“负载态”、“同步调相态”、“停机过程态”。在每个状态下，设备只响应特定的命令，工
4-5
况转换动作明确，防止误动作。
According to the working conditions of the unit, the working status of the speed governor
can be divided into "shutdown as standby", "in-startup", "no-load", "load", "synchronized
phase modulation" and "in-shutdown". In each status, the equipment can only response to the
specific command and the conversion of working conditions is clear and definite, preventing
from misoperation.
 “停机备用态”：停机备用态下停机令、并网令、远方增减令无效，调速器导叶控制
输出为微偏关，避免高水头机组在没有锁定投入情况下水压冲开导叶；此状态下不进行
测频和频率故障判断，接收到持续时间大于 2s 的开机令，转入“开机过程态”。
 "Shutdown as standby": in this status, the commands of shutdown, in-connection and
remote speed-up/speed-down are invalid. The guide vane control output of speed governors is
of minimal deviation, avoiding that the guide vane is rushed away by water pressure in case of
unlocked high head unit.
 “开机过程态”：此状态下手动开度给定有效，自动 PID 调节无效；进入开机过程，
导叶开启到预设的开度值；开机过程中机组频率高于设定频率值持续 2s 以上，转入“空
载态”，接收到停机令转“停机过程态”。
 "In-startup": in this status, the manual opening setting is valid, auto PID regulation is
invalid; in the startup, the guide vane is opened to the preset opening value; the unit frequency
during the startup is higher than the set frequency value for over 2s and then converts to
"no-load" status, converting to the "in-shutdown" status when receiving a shutdown
command.
※ 开机过程中，超出设定的开机时间后机组频率未达到设定频率值则转入“停机过程
态”，调速器自动关闭导叶，并报调速器开机失败故障。
During the startup, when the unit frequency does not reach the set frequency value after going
over the set shutdown time, then it converts to the "in-shutdown" status. The speed governor
automatically closes the guide vane and alarms for the failure of speed governor shutdown.
※调速器在接收到开机命令时，超出设定时间后还未测到残压频率或齿盘转速，调速器
自动关闭导叶，调速器由开机过程态转停机过程态，并报调速器开机失败故障、频率故
障。
When the speed governor receives the startup command, the remaining voltage frequency or
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fluted disc speed cannot be measured after going over the set time, the speed governor
automatically closes the guide vane and coverts from the "in-startup" to the "in-shutdown"
status, giving an alarm for startup failure and frequency failure.
 “空载态”：此状态下，自动 PID 调节有效，可选跟踪网频方式与跟踪频率给定方式，
默认跟踪频率给定方式（频率给定默认值 50Hz）；空载态调速器自动调整导叶开度使频
率稳定在频率给定值。改变频率给定值时调速器操作接力器并使实际机频调节到给定的
频率值。在并网之前同期装置下发到调速器的增速/减速命令改变频率给定值，可以加快
并网过程。若空载状态时齿盘和残压测频功能全部失效，则调速器自动将导叶开度限制
在空载电气开度限制以下，防止机组过速。“空载态”时接收到“机组出口断路器合闸”信
号调速器则转入“负载态”运行，接收到“停机令”信号调速器进入“停机过程态”；
 "No-load": in this status, the auto PID regulation is valid, with such three modes as
tracking grid frequency, tracking frequency setting and defaulted tracking frequency setting
selectable (with the default of frequency setting is 50Hz); the speed governor in no-load status
automatically regulates the guide vane opening to keep the frequency stable at the frequency
settings. When changing the frequency settings, the speed governor operates the servomotor
and regulates the actual frequency to the set frequency values. Before in-connection, the
synchronizing device gives a speed-up/speed-down command to the speed governor to change
the frequency settings, which can speed up the in-connection process. If the voltage
measurement functions for fluted discs and remaining voltages are invalid in case of no-load
status, the speed governor automatically limits the guide vane opening below the no-load
electrical opening limits, preventing the unit from overspeed. When receiving the "closing
unit outlet circuit breaker" signal in the "no-load" status, the speed governor then converts to
operate in the "load" status; when receiving the "shutdown command", the speed governor
then converts to operate in the "in-shutdown" status.
 ：此状态下，自动 PID 调节有效，频率死区，开度死区或者功
“负载态”（发电态）
率死区自动投入。
 "Load" (generating): in this status, the auto PID regulation is valid, with the frequency
dead-band, the opening dead-band or the power dead-band put into operation automatically.
调速器工作于“开度模式”，负荷的调节方式为脉冲调节，调速器通过远方负荷增减
命令或电柜导叶增减旋钮使机组负荷进行增减操作。
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When the speed governor is working in the "opening" mode, the way to regulate the load
is of pulse regulation. The speed governor increase and decrease the unit load via the remote
load increase/decrease command or by the cube guide vane increase/decrease knob.
调速器工作于“功率模式”，则通过 LCU 模拟量给定功率或脉冲增减改变功率给定
值，调速器响应功率给定值变化操作导叶接力器使机组功率调节至给定的功率值。
When the speed governor is working in the "power" mode, it then changes the power
settings by setting the power via LCU analog or by increasing/decreasing the pulse. Changes
in the response power settings of the speed governor can operate the guide vane servomotor to
make the unit power regulated to the set power values.
调速器工作于“频率模式”，则调速器将调整导叶开度，使得机组频率稳定在机组额
定值，“频率模式”下可以通过通讯下发或者导叶开度增减信号改变开度给定，导叶开度
的最终稳定值由控制器通过 PID 运算得出。
When the speed governor is working in the “frequency” mode, the speed governor then
regulates the guide vane opening and makes the unit frequency stable at the rated values.
When in the "frequency" mode, it can give a command via communications or give a guide
vane opening increase/decrease signal, with the final stability value of the guide vane opening
worked out by the controller via PID algorithm.
“负载态”且频率稳定时，可以人为地改变调速器的“频率”“功率”“开度”模式，频率
波动超设定值（默认值 0.3Hz“沐若机组为 0.50Hz”）后，调速器自动切换到“频率模式”，
“负载态”时若“断路器合闸”信号消失则调速器进入“空载态”运行；
In case of a "load" status and stable frequency, it can change the "frequency", "power"
and "opening" modes manually. After the frequency fluctuation is beyond the settings (with
the default of 0.3Hz“for Murum Governor0.50Hz”), the speed governor can automatically
switches into the "frequency" mode. When in the "load" status, if the "closing circuit breaker"
signal disappears, the speed governor operates in the "no-load" status.
 “同步调相态”（针对有调相运行要求的机组）：调速器处于发电运行时，如接到“调
相运行令”，则调速器将关闭导叶，转入“同步调相态”。当“调相运行令”消失时，调速器
自动将导叶开启至空载开度，转为“负载运行态”，再按照监控指令进行增减负荷等操作。
 "Synchronized phase modulation" (for units requiring phase modulation operation):
the speed governor is in generating operation, if receiving the "phase modulation operation"
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command, then the speed governor closes the guide vane and switches into the "synchronized
phase modulation" status. When the "phase modulation operation" command disappears, the
speed governor automatically opens the guide vane to the no-load opening and switches into
the "load" operation status, conducting load increase/decrease as per the monitoring
command.
 “停机过程态”：调速器进入停机过程，执行完全关闭导叶接力器，此时开机令、并
网令、增减令无效；调速器在停机过程中判断导叶开度小于设定值（默认值 2%）及机
组频率小于设定值（默认值 10Hz）后停止测频故障判断功能；停机过程完成后调速器
转入“停机备用态”等候下一次机组正常开机。
 "In-shutdown": the speed governor is in the shutdown process, closing the guide
vane servomotor completely. The commands of shutdown, in-connection and remote
speed-up/speed-down are invalid at the moment. When the speed governor judges during the
shutdown process that the guide vane opening is less than the settings (with the default of 2%)
and the unit frequency is less than the settings (with the default of 10Hz), it stops verifying the
frequency measuring failure. After the shutdown process is over, the speed governor switches
to the "shutdown as standby" status, waiting for the next normal startup of the unit.
4.2.2 操作方式切换
Switching of operation modes
 自动操作功能：调速器正常运行时处于自动操作的状态，此时调速器根据采集的模
拟量信息、开关量状态判断当前所处的工况，并且根据增加/减少、开机/停机等操作命
令做出响应动作，不需要人为干预就能够自动完成机组操作的所有功能。
 Automatic operation: when operating normally, the speed governor is in the automatic
operation. The speed governor at the moment judges the current working conditions based on
the collected analog and the switching status, making a response to such commands as
increase/decrease, startup/shutdown, etc., automatically realizing all the functions of the unit
operations without artificial intervention.
 手动操作功能：调速器配置了手动操作功能，手动操作时为开环控制，与频率、
开度、功率差值无关系，调速器根据手柄或者手轮的动作角度控制接力器开向与关向。
实际运行过程中，机组有功功率/频率过高、过低时，需要人为干预才能实现对设备的控
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制。手动开关一旦投入，调速器上的电机或比例阀等执行机构被直接切除，手动作为后
备保护性操作，其优先级最高。
 Manual operation: the speed governor is featured with the manual operation. When in
manual operation, it adopts open-loop control, irrelevant to frequency, opening and power
difference. The speed governor controls the opening and closing directions of servomotors
according to the motion angles of the knob or the handwheel. In the actual operation process,
when the active power/frequency of the unit is too high and too low, it requires artificial
intervention to realize the control over equipment. Once the manual switch is used, such
actuating mechanism as the motor or the proportional valve of speed governors are directly
eliminated, with the manual operation adopted as the backup protective operation of the
highest priority level.
手动操作方法——通过手柄手轮或手动操作阀来控制调速器开关，手动操作时建议
采用点动方式，即操作释放操作释放，手动操作时应观察仪表，确保机组的运行
状态不发生突变。
Manual operation method--to control the switch for speed governors by the knob, the
handwheel or the manual operating valve. It is suggested to adopt an inching manner for
manual operation, that is, operationreleaseoperationrelease. Please observe the
instruments during the manual operation, ensuring that no abrupt changes occur when the unit
is in operation.
※注意：调速器工作在任何状态下出现交流、直流工作电源全部消失的情况，调速
器将报大故障和工作电源消失。
※Note: when the AC and DC working power supplies all disappear when the speed
governor is working in any status, it will alarm for the failure and the disappearance of
the working supply.
调速器在任何工作状态下，由监控系统启动紧急停机流程或者事故停机流程的同
时，必须向调速器下发停机命令。
When the speed governor works in any status, a shutdown command must be given
to the speed governor while the monitoring system starts the emergency shutdown
process or the accident shutdown process.
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4.3 测量及滤波
Measurement and Filtration
4.3.1 信号测量
Signal measurement
机组模拟量信号包括机端 PT 频率信号、系统 PT 频率信号、齿盘探头频率信号、导

叶接力器行程信号、机组有功功率信号、上位机功率给定信号、蜗壳水压信号等，调速
器通过测频专用模块、模拟量/数字量转换模块实现对以上信号的测量。
The analog signals of the unit include: generator terminal PT frequency signal, system
PT frequency signal, fluted disc probe frequency signal, guide vane servomotor stroke signal,
unit active power signal, host computer power setting signal, spiral case water pressure signal,
etc. The speed governor realizes the above measurement via the special frequency
measurement module and the analog/digital switching module.
4.3.2 信号测量
Signal measurement
工业环境中的多数信号都存在干扰，也可能出现信号突然中断等情况。为保证机组
采用的信号更加接近真实值，使得设备更加安全稳定地运行，就必须对这些信号进行处
理，及时判断信号故障，并作出合理的应急处理。
Interference exists in multiple signals in the industrial environment and such cases as
abrupt signal interruption may occur. In order to ensure that the signal acquired by the unit
approaches to the actual value all the more and make the equipment operate in a safer and
stabler manner, it must process these signals, make timely judgment of signal failures and
rationally respond to the emergencies.
针对本设备运行环境的特点，设备中采用“限幅滤波”的方式对模拟量信号进行处
理，即不断地检测本周期采样与上周期采样的差值，越过设置的容忍范围则本次值无效，
反之则有效，当采样数值越过所使用的传感器的有效量程之后会判采样故障。
Based on the features of the operation environment of the equipment, it adopts a
"filtration with limited amplitudes" method to process the analog signals, that is, to
ceaselessly test the differences between samples of this period and last period. The value of
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this time will be invalid when exceeding the allowed scope of settings and be valid conversely.
When the sampling values goes over the valid measuring range for the used sensors, it can
verify a sampling failure.
4.3.3 测频部分工作原理
Working principle for frequency measurement
 测频的回路：单套控制器测频回路为 1 路机端 PT 信号、1 路电网 PT 信号、1 路齿

盘信号，分别输出残压机频、电网频率和齿盘机频。机端 PT 信号与齿盘信号为机组频
率冗余系统，在机组频率越低，机端 PT 的幅值就越低，测量难度就越大，而齿盘装置
的“齿”部每次掠过探头，探头就发出一个脉冲，脉冲的幅值固定，所以在频率较低时，
齿盘测频能够更容易测得频率值，机组转入空载运行之后，励磁装置投入，机端 PT 电
压升高，当机组频率大于设定值（默认值 45Hz）时机端 PT 信号作为测频信号，机频低
于设定值（默认值 30Hz）时将齿盘测频信号作为测频信号。机组在空载或者负载运行
的时候发生残压测频故障，自动切换到齿盘测频，齿盘测频足以保证机组运行，但齿盘
测频的实际精度受限于齿盘加工的精度以及齿盘探头安装的水平。
 Frequency measurement loop: the frequency measurement loop of a singular controller
is of Line 1 generator terminal PT frequency signal, Line 1 grid PT signal and Line 1 fluted
disc signal, separately outputting the remaining voltage frequency, grid frequency and fluted
disc frequency. The generator terminal PT frequency signal and the fluted disc signal are of
the unit frequency redundant system. The lower the unit frequency is, the lower the generator
terminal PT amplitude value and the more difficult the measurement is. When the "tooth" of
the fluted disc passes by the probe each time, the probe will send an impulse, with fixed
amplitude. Therefore, when the frequency is low, it can be much easier to get the frequency
value for the fluted disc frequency measurement. When the unit converts to the no-load
operation, the excitation device operates, with the generator terminal voltage stepped up.
When the unit frequency is more than the settings (with the default of 45Hz), the generator
terminal PT signal is used as the frequency measurement signal, and when the equipment
frequency is lower than the settings (with the default of 30Hz), the fluted disc frequency
measurement signal is used as the frequency measurement signals. When a remaining voltage
frequency measurement failure occurs when the unit is in no-load or load operation, it
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automatically switches to the fluted disc frequency measurement, which can sufficiently
ensure the unit operation; however, the actual precision of the fluted disc frequency
measurement is limited to the processing precision and the probe installation of fluted discs.
 测频的算法：残压频率信号或者齿盘脉冲信号经过整形处理后成为标准的方波，方
波信号送入控制器测频专用模块进行周期测量 T，最后根据公式 f＝1/T，计算出频率值。
 Frequency measurement algorithm: the remaining frequency signal or the fluted disc
impulse signal become the standard square wave after reshaping, the square wave signal is
sent to the frequency measurement module special for the controller for periodic measurement
T, finally working out the frequency value based on the formula f＝1/T.
 机频测量的冗余：MGC3000 系列采用了齿盘信号和残压 PT 信号 2 种测频方式对机
组的频率进行测量，保证了机组频率可靠性。机组处于开机过程的开始阶段时，残压测
频的信号幅值较低，不能满足测频的需要，因此采用齿盘频率作为机组频率，当调速器
转入空载之后，残压测频的信号幅值已经大于 300mV，采用残压频率作为机组频率；机
组空载或者负载运行的过程中，发生残压机频故障时，取齿盘频率作为机组频率，如主
用机残压机频故障和齿盘测频故障同时发生，则判为调速器频率大故障且将进行主备用
切换，主用机频率大故障时切换至备用机状态，原备用机切换至主用状态，测频运算及
输出继续正常执行。假如双微机控制器都为频率大故障，机组频率强制输出 50Hz。
 Redundancy of frequency measurement: the MGC3000 series adopt such two
frequency measurement methods as the fluted disc signal and the remaining voltage PT signal
to measure the unit frequency and ensure the reliability of frequency measurement. When the
unit is at the beginning of the startup process, the amplitude value for remaining voltage is low,
which cannot meet the requirement for frequency measurement. Therefore, it adopts the fluted
disc frequency measurement for the unit frequency, when the speed governor converts into the
no-load operation, the signal amplitude value of the remaining voltage frequency
measurement is more than 300mV, adopting the remaining voltage frequency for the unit
frequency; when a remaining voltage frequency failure occurs in case the unit is in no-load or
load operation, adopting the fluted disc frequency for the unit frequency; when the host
remaining voltage frequency failure and the fluted disc frequency measurement failure
simultaneity occur, then the speed governor frequency is of major failure, with the host and
standby controllers switched. When the host frequency is of major failure and switched to a
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standby status, the original standby controller switches to the host status, with the frequency
measurement calculation and output conducted as normal. In case of major failure in dual
microcomputer controllers, the pushed output of the unit frequency is 50Hz.
图 4.3.3-1 控制器测频原理图
Figure 4.3.3 -1 Controller Frequency Measurement Schematics
4.4 调节算法
Regulation Algorithm
采用并联式 PID 方式进行调节运算

To adopt parallel PID mode for regulation algorithm.
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比例(P)
机组 F
fg
– 放大器
1 KP
频率 + 电液转换器
引导阀、主配压阀
微分(D) 数模主接力器
+ Y 转换
PID u + A2
KDS + 1
频率 1 y
fc 1 1+T1vS + – TyS
给定
+ 积分(I)
KI 3-2(3-1)
S
+ 位移转换
1
bp
开度 + –
yc 1
给定
图 4.4.1-1 电液型调速器导叶控制方块图
Figure 4. 4.1-1 Electro-hydraulic Speed Governor Guide Vane Control Block
图示为调速器工作在频率调节模式时的导叶控制方块图，机组频率与频率给定值
（或电网频率）做差值，送 PID 调节软件模块，PID 调节原理用传递函数表示如下：
It indicates the guide vane control block diagram when the speed governor works in the
frequency regulation mode, based on the difference between the unit frequency and the
frequency settings (or the grid frequency) and provided with the PID regulation software
module. The PID regulation principle is expressed by the following transfer functions:
KI KDS
W (S )  K  
(1  T1V S )
p
S
式中：
Whereas:
K P —— 比例增益，
K P —— proportional gain;
K I —— 积分增益，
K I —— integral gain;
K D —— 微分增益，
K D —— differential gain;
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工程中为提高装置的抗干扰能力，采用实际微分环节，微分环节时间常数 T1V ( S ) 。
将上述传递函数离散化，设 PID 输出表达式：
In the project, it adopts the actual differentiation element and the differentiation element
time constant of T1V ( S ) , to enhance the anti-interference performance of the device; it

discretizes the above transfer functions, with the PID output expressed as follows:
YPID (k )  yc  y PID (k )
y PID (k )  y PI (k  1)  y P k   y I  y D k 
式中： y PID (k ) 为本周期的自动 PID 数值，yc 为本周期的开度给定。
Wherein: y PID (k ) is the auto PID value for this period, yc for the opening setting
of this period.
yPI k  1 为前一个采样周期的比例、积分分量之和；
yPI k  1 Sum of the proportion and integral component of the last sampling
period;
yP k  是比例作用分量增量；
yP k  Component gain of proportional action;

yI k  是积分作用分量增量；
yI k  Component gain of integral action;

y D 为微分作用分量。
y D Component of derivative action.
所以就有：
Therefore,
y PID (k )  y PID (k  1)  k P [ x(k )  x(k  1)]
T1v 1
 k1    x(k )  y D (k  1)  k D [ x(k )  x(k  1)]
T1v   T 
上式中，为采样周期。x 为相对频率差，即频率给定或电网频率与机组频率之差和
额定频率的比值。上述 PID 调节器框图中，PID 输出与开度给定综合后，经永态转差系
数环节，送至积分环节输入端，与频率偏差 x 综合后进行积分。
In the above formula,  refers to the sampling period. x stands for the relative frequency
difference, that is, the ratio of the difference (between frequency setting or grid frequency and
unit frequency) and the rated frequency. In above PID governor block diagram, the PID output
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and the opening setting is incorporated and sent to the input of the integrating element via the
permanent speed droop element, getting integrated by incorporating with the frequency
deviation x.
水轮发电机组并入大电网后，调速器从频率控制模式转换至开度控制模式或功率控
制模式后，微分环节增益设置为 0。此时调速器的调节为 PI 调节。由于频差在频率死区
以内，故相对频率差为 0，故 y PID (k ) =0，则此时要使得调速器响应调节命令并操作接力
器开关，必须调节开度给定 y C 。
After the turbine generating unit connects to the main grid, the speed governor switches
from the frequency control mode to the opening control mode or the power control mode,
with the gain for differentiation element set as 0. The speed governor now adopts PI
regulation. As the frequency difference is within the frequency dead-band, therefore, the
relative frequency difference is 0, that is, y PID (k ) =0, it must regulate the opening setting y C ,
in order to make the speed governor respond to the regulation command and operate the
servomotor switch.
一次调频功能投入后，当机组频率与电网频率或给定频率之差越过设定的频率死
区，则调速器按照 PI 调节规律调整接力器开度，在一次调频动作过程中，yc 如果保持
不变，则当机组频率回到正常值之后，导叶应回到一次调频动作之前的位置。一次调频
动作过程中，调速器接到有功功率增加或减少指令，则调速器的动作可能出现开向或者
关向的累加，调速器最终稳定在 yc 处。
When using the primary frequency regulation, the difference between the unit frequency
and the grid frequency or the set frequency exceeds the set frequency dead-band, then the
speed governor regulates the servomotor opening as per the PI regulation rule. During the
primary frequency regulation operation, if yc keeps unchanged, then after the unit frequency
returns to the normal value, the guide vane shall go back to the position before the primary
frequency regulation. During the primary frequency regulation, the speed governor receives
the active power increase/decrease command, and then the speed governor operation may be
accumulated for its opening or closing direction, with the speed governor finally stable at yc.
※注意：监控系统在收到调速器一次调频动作的信号时，建议暂时封闭调速器增/
减命令的开出，以免影响一次调频效果。
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※Note: when the monitoring system receives the primary frequency regulation
from the speed governor, it is suggested to temporarily forbid the issuing of speed
governor increase/decrease command, in order to avoid an impact exerted on the
primary frequency regulation effect.
在开机过程、停机过程、发电调相运行和停机备用状态时，为避免频率测量的不稳
定性对调速器控制产生不利影响，自动 PID 调节无效，手动 PID 调节投入，即认为地设
置相对频率差 x 为 0，则 y C = y PID ，调速器按照设置的 y C 进行调节。

In case of startup, shutdown, generating phase modulation operation and the shutdown as
standby, in order to avoid the negative impact on speed governor controller as exerted by the
instability of frequency measurement, the auto PID regulation is invalid, the manual PID
regulation is used, that is, the relative frequency difference x is set as 0, then y C = y PID , the
speed governor is regulated according to the set y C .
图 4.4.1_2 开环增量环节方块图
Figure 4. 4.1 2 Open-loop Gain Element Block
运行人员或上位机下发开度给定或功率给定增减操作命令后，为使 y PID 能按技术规
程要求响应和跟踪，还设有开环增量环节。当运行人员用按钮操作时 y PID 立即随之增加

y C 上；当上位机数值给定时，开环
或减少，当停止操作时，则 y PID 立即停止在给定开度
增量环节按技术规程要求的速率使 y PID 增减。

After the operator or the host computer gives a command to increase/decrease the
opening setting and the power setting, it sets the open-loop gain element to make y PID
respond to and track as per the technical specifications. When the operator operates via the
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button, y PID then gets increased or decreased quickly. When stop the operation, the y PID
y C immediately. When the value for the host computer is set, the
stop at the set opening
open-loop gain element y PID gets increased /decreased as per the speed stipulated by the
technical specifications.
为便于运行人员操作，在智能触摸显示控制单元中采用人们较为熟悉的参数。
In order to facilitate the operation by the operator, the intelligent touch-screen control
unit adopts the parameters that are popular.
bt －暂态转差系数；
bt － transient speed droop;
Td －缓冲装置时间常数，单位：秒；
Td － the time constant for the buffer unit, unit: second;
Tn －加速时间常数，单位：秒；
Tn － the acceleration time constant, unit: second;
它们和 PID 调节器中参数 K P 、 K I 和 K D 的关系如下：
Their relationship with parameters K P , K I and K D for PID regulator is as follows:
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4.5 随动系统
Follow-up System
微机(PLC)调节器电/机转换装置机械液压系统

P 数放电
主
I 模液
机组 YPID u + A2 y1 + A3 引导阀接 y
fg D 转大转
频率 – – 3-3 主配压阀力
调换 yf 换
器
节 D/A 器器机械开限/手动
3-1 3-2
位移转换
图 4.5-1 电液随动型调速器结构框图
Figure 4.5-1 Electro-hydraulic Follow-up Speed Governor Structure Diagram
如上图所示，本产品在控制结构上的特点有：
As indicated in the above diagram, the product is featured as follows concerning the
control structure:
这种调速器系统结构有如下特点：
The speed governor system has the following structural features:
微机调节器输出模拟电流 4～20 mA（或 0~10V），在图中以 u 表示，u 是微机调节
器的“电气”接力器的符号，转换驱动环节是数/模转换（D/A）。
The microcomputer regulator output simulate 4～20 mA (or 0~10V) current, which is
expressed as u in the diagram, u is the symbol for the "electrical" servomotor of the
microcomputer regulator, with the conversion driving element of digital/analog conversion
(D/A).
电液转换装置可完成电气信号至机械液压信号的转换，称为电液转换器，其控制参
数为：24V，4～20 mA/0~±10V；另外，电液转换装置还可以完成机械液压信号至电气
信号的转换，例如常采用的有电位器式或感应式接力器位移转换器，与微机调节器输出
相匹配，对应于接力器全行程的反馈电压值为 0～+10V（或 0~20mA），伺服电机上安装
了旋转编码器，电机旋转的角度由电机上的旋转编码器传递给电机。
The electro-hydraulic conversion device can complete the conversion from the electrical
signal to the mechanical hydraulic signal, which is referred to as electro-hydraulic converter,
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with the control parameters are 24V, 4～20 mA/0~±10V. In addition, the electro-hydraulic
conversion device can also complete the conversion from the mechanical hydraulic signal to
the electrical signal, for instance, the commonly adopted potentiometer or induction type
servomotor displacement transducer, matching with the microcomputer regulator output. The
feedback voltage corresponding to the full servomotor stroke is 0～+10V (or 0~20mA), the
servomotor is provided with the rotary encoder, with the rotating angle transmitted to the
motor via the rotary encoder.
调节器中起闭环调节作用的电气综合比较点为 A2，因此电液随动系统由电液转换装
置和机械液压系统一起构成。
The electrical comprehensive comparison point A2 plays a role on closed cycle control in
the speed governor, therefore, the electro-hydraulic follow-up system consists of the
electro-hydraulic conversion device and the mechanical hydraulic system.
图中所示的机械综合比较点 A3 和反馈通道 3-3 用于机械开度限制和机械液压手动工
况，图中用虚线表示。在调速器自动运行工况，且不受机械开度限制机构限制时，综合
比较点 A3 和反馈通道 3-3 不起作用。
The mechanical comprehensive comparison point A3 and the feedback channel 3-3
indicated in the diagram are used for mechanical opening limit and the manual mechanical
hydraulic working conditions, as marked with dashed lines in the diagram. When the speed
governor works automatically and is not limited to the mechanical opening limits, the
comprehensive comparison point A3 and the feedback channel 3-3 take no effect.
4.6 控制权竞争
Competition for Right of Control
4.6.1 双微机控制器在控制执行机构划分
Division of dual microcomputer controllers in actuating mechanism
◆ 调速器 A 套微机控制器控制第 1 路执行机构系统

◆ Microcomputer Controller A of speed governors control Line 1 actuating mechanism
system
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◆ 调速器 B 套微机控制器控制第 2 路执行机构系统

◆ Microcomputer Controller B of speed governors control Line 2 actuating mechanism
system
4.6.2 MGC3000 系列主备切换功能介绍
Host/standby switching of MGC3000 series
调速器切换监视功能控制两套微机控制器主备切换，实现调速器来电自启动、手动
切换、故障自动切换、故障报警等功能。适用于开机、空载、负载、停机等各种调速器
状态。其利用双机握手及硬件光隔离的原理使该功能能够兼容 MGC 所有双机系列型号
的调速器产品。
The switching & monitoring function of speed governors controls the host/standby
switching of the two microcomputer controllers, realizing the auto startup on energization,
manual switch, auto switch on failures and failure alarms, etc. for speed governors. It applies
to various statuses such as startup, no-load, load, shutdown, etc. for speed governors. Due to
dual controller interface and hardware optical isolation principle, it is compatible with all
speed governors of MGC dual controller series.
4.6.3 MGC3000 系列主备切换特点及条件
Features and conditions for host/standby switching of MGC 4000 series
 来电自启动：当调速器遭遇到停电再来电时，调速器来电自启动，调速器 A\B 机上
电主用判断为先启动完毕的控制器为主用机运行，调速器主用机能够自动接收及发
送对内对外信息，并且进入断电前设定的运行模式及参数设置（不包括手自动状态），
不需要人工干预设置，既省事又保证可靠性。
 Auto startup on energization: when the speed governor is energized after a power
failure, the speed governor starts automatically when it is energized. The energization of
Controller A/B of speed governors is verified that the controller first to complete the
startup is the host controller. The host controller of speed governors can automatically
receive and give incoming and outgoing information, entering into the operation mode
and parameter settings as set before the power failure (excluding the manual-auto status),
requiring no artificial intervention, which is convenient and reliable.
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※ 注意：调速器自启动后为手动操作状态，需运行人员检查调速器无事故报警方可切到自动
运行
※ Note: the speed governor is in manual operation after an auto startup. The operator verifies
that there is no alarm for the speed governor before switching to the automatic operation.
 手动主备切换：调速器具备手动切换主备用机功能，其在电柜按钮面板上操作。
 Manual host/standby switching: the speed governor can switch manually the
host/standby controllers, which can be done via the buttons on the cube panel.
示例：当 A 机为主用机时，操作面板 B 机主用按钮，即可平稳转换到 B 机主用工
作，并且人机界面相应自动转换主用机数据。
Example: when Controller A is the host controller, to operate the host button on the panel
for Controller B, it can stably switch Controller B as the host controller, with the HMI
automatically switching for the host data accordingly.
（温馨提示：手动切换至执行控制逻辑含有延时操作功能，必须按住按钮大于设定值（默认设置
300ms）时才能切换操作，目的在于有效的规避人为处于频繁的切换开关的情况发生，并规避无意
的触摸）
(Kindly reminder: manual switching to execute control logic has an operation delay function; it must
press the button for more than the set time values (with the default of 300ms) before the switching
operation, it is aimed to effectively avoid the frequent switching artificially and unintentional touch).
 单套控制故障自动切换：当调速器主用机出现大故障时进行切换，一般小故障不进
行切换。切换大故障的定义为接力器传感器总故障，主配传感器故障，比例阀系统
故障，电机系统故障，频率总故障，控制器大故障（包含控制器失电）。
 Auto switching of single controller failure: to switch when major failures occur to the
host controller of speed governors, no switching in case of minor failures. Major failures
for switching are defined as total failure in servomotor sensors, failure in main
distributing sensors, failure in proportional valves, failure in motor system, total failure in
frequency, major failures in controllers (including controller disenergization).
只要以上任一故障出现，主备切换设定标志输出为 1，调速器进入主备切换状态。
Once any one of the above failures occurs, the set mark output of host/standby switch is 1
and the speed governor enters the host/standby switching status.
示例：B 机为主用机，A 机为备用机；当 B 机出现接力器传感器总故障时，调速器
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切换监视功能监视主备切换设定标志位为 1 时，A 机转主用机操作，B 机转

备用机状态。
Example: Controller B is the host controller, Controller A is the standby controller; when
total failure in servomotor sensors occur to Controller B, the switching &
monitoring function of speed governors monitors the host/standby switch and sets
the mark position as 1, Controller A is switched as the host controller while
Controller B as the standby.
※ 注意：调速器出现切换故障时，手动主备切换无效，必须切换故障消失才能进行手动主备
切换操作
※ Note: when switching failure occurs to the speed governor, the manual host/standby switch is
invalid, only when the switching failure disappears can the manual host/standby switching
operation be conducted.
※ 单套出现切换事故后，主用机变成备用机，备用机自身为故障机，即备用机自动切到手动
状态，当故障恢复后，备用机切到主用机工作时仍然为手动状态，需要运行人员确认无事
故后手动切到自动运行，规避无意的事故发生
※ After the switching failure occur to a single controller, the host controller becomes the
standby, with the standby itself as the failed controller, that is, the standby controller
automatically switches to the manual status. When the failure is recovered, the standby
controller is still in manual status when switching to the host controller for operation. The
operator needs to verify that there is no accident before manually switching to auto
operation, to avoid unintentional accident.
 双套控制器故障自动切换：双套控制出现切换故障时调速器切换监视功能自动控制
两套微机控制器主备切换。
 Auto switch on failures for dual controllers: when switching failures occur to the dual
controllers, the monitoring function of speed governors can automatically control the
host/standby switching of the dual microcomputer controllers.
状态 1：双套控制器非同时故障
Status 1: the dual controllers not failed at the same time
示例：A 机为当前主用机，B 机为当前备用机。当 A 机出现大故障时，自动转换
为 B 机主用，此时 A 机大故障未恢复，当 B 机也出现大故障时，B 机仍为主用机
工作，所有对内对外接收与发送为 B 机操作；
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Example: Controller A is the current host controller; Controller B is the current standby
controller. When major failures occur to Controller A, it automatically switches
Controller B as the host controller, with the major failures in Controller A unrecovered;
when major failures also occur to Controller B, Controller B still works as the host
controller, with all the incoming and outgoing receipt and issuance done by Controller
B;
状态 2：双套控制器同时故障
Status 2: the dual controllers failed at the same time
示例：A 机为当前主用机，B 机为当前备用机。当 A\B 机同一时刻出现大故障时，
A 机仍然为主用机，所有对内对外接收与发送为 A 机操作；
Example: Controller A is the current host controller; Controller B is the current standby
controller. When major failures occur to Controllers A/B at the same time, Controller A
is still the host controller, with all the incoming and outgoing receipt and issuance by
Controller A;
※ 注意：调速器出现双套控制故障时，调速器由自动状态转到手动状态。手动主备切换无效，
必须大故障消失才能进行手动主备切换操作。
※ Note: when control failures occur to the dual controllers, the speed governor switches from
auto to manual status. The manual host/standby switch is invalid, only when the major
failure disappears can the manual host/standby switching operation be conducted.
4.7 诊断及容错功能
Diagnosis and Fault-tolerance
4.7.1 MGC3000 系列诊断及容错功能概述
Overview of diagnosis and fault-tolerance of MGC 4000 series
MGC3000 系列调速器具有非常强的诊断及容错功能，不仅包括内部自身的诊断，
还包括外部信号的诊断。内部诊断包括控制器各功能模块、应用程序的诊断；外部信号
包括反馈信号、测频信号、水头信号、功率信号、通信等信号的诊断及容错。故障及事
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件信号在人机界面或操作终端上显示，并送出综合处理的信号。
The MGC3000 series speed governors are strong in diagnosis and fault-tolerance,
not only including the internal diagnosis of itself, but also for external signals. The
internal diagnosis include each functional modules of the controller and the diagnosis of
applications; the external signals include diagnosis and fault-tolerance for feedback
signal, frequency measurement signal, water head signal, power signal, communication
signal, etc. The failure and event signals are displayed on HMI or operation terminal,
sending a signal for comprehensive processing.
4.7.1 MGC3000 系列诊断及容错功能介绍
Introduction to diagnosis and fault-tolerance of MGC 4000 series
 电网频率信号的容错
 Fault-tolerance of grid frequency signal
电网频率故障时，频率跟踪模式自动切换到跟踪频率给定模式，默认值 50Hz。
When a failure occurs to grid frequency, the frequency tracking mode automatically
switches to the tracking frequency setting mode, with the default of 50Hz.
 机组频率信号的容错
 Fault-tolerance of unit frequency signal
残压频率故障时转到齿盘频率信号主用，齿盘频率也同时发生故障时，切换到
另一套正常的控制器运行。双套控制器的残压及齿盘信号都故障时，在空载运行状
态下，导叶开度关到安全的空载位置，可以接收停机令；并网负载运行状态下，机
组频率直接采取 50Hz，机组保持原状态不变化，可以接收增减命令进行操作。
 In case of remaining voltage frequency failure, it switches to fluted disc frequency signal
for the host controller, when the fluted disc frequency also failures, it switches to the
other controller that is in normal operation. When the remaining voltage and fluted disc
signals both fail for the dual controllers, when in no-load operation, the guide vane
opening is closed to the safe no-load position, which can receive the shutdown command;
in case of in-connection load operation, the unit frequency adopts 50Hz directly, with the
unit kept its original status unchanged, which can receive the increase/decrease command.
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 一套控制器中控制反馈信号、驱动系统、控制器硬件系统任意一项出现故障时，切
换到正常的另一套微机运行，双套控制器中都出现任意一项故障时，调速器切手动
运行，维持导叶开度不变。
 When any one of the control & feedback signal, driver and controller hardware system
fails in one controller, it switches to the other controller that is in normal operation; when
any one fails in the dual controllers, the speed governor switches to the manual operation,
keeping the guide vane opening unchanged.
 水头信号故障时，由跟踪水头传感器信号方式，改为跟踪人工设置水头方式，并当
前水头值保持不变。
 In case of water head signal failure, it switches from the tracking water head sensor
signal mode to the tracking manual set water head mode, with the current water head
value kept unchanged.
 功率信号故障时，由功率模式调节变成开度模式调节，可以接受增减及停机命令。
 In case of power signal failure, it switches from the power mode regulation to the
opening mode regulation, which can receive the increase/decrease and shutdown
commands.
 人机界面或其它操作终端故障时，仍能完成调速器正常的各种功能，如开机、停机、
并网、负荷增减、一次调频、甩负荷、故障检测及保护等功能。
 In case of failures in HMI or other operation terminals, it still can complete the various
speed governor functions normally, such as startup, shutdown, in-connection, load
increase/decrease, primary frequency regulation, load shedding, failure detection and
protection, etc.
 调速系统交直流的诊断及容错
 AC/DC diagnosis and fault-tolerance of governing system
交直流系统，任意一项故障时，都不会影响机组的正常运行；交直流都故障时，
机械液压系统自动复中位，保持机组的正常发电态；少数没有自复中功能的调速器
会直接关闭导叶，并报事故态。
When any one item of the AC/DC system fails, it will not exert an impact on the
normal operation of the unit; when both AC and DC fails, the mechanical hydraulic
system recovers the mid-position automatically, keeping the unit in normal generating
4-27
status; a few speed governors that are not self-recovers will close the guide vane directly
and alarm accident status.
 机械液压执行机构的诊断及容错
 Diagnosis and fault-tolerance of mechanical hydraulic actuating mechanism
比例阀系统故障时，自动切换到电机系统运行，电机系统故障时，自动切换到
比例阀系统运行；比例阀与电机系统都故障时，机械液压系统自动复中位，维持导
叶开度不变。
In case of a failure in the proportional valve, it switches to the motor system
operation automatically; in case of a failure in the motor system, it switches automatically
to the proportional valve system operation; in case of failures both in the proportional
valve and the motor systems, the mechanical hydraulic system automatically recovers to
the mid-position, keeping the guide vane opening unchanged.
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第五章
Chapter V
调速器试验规程
Test Code for Speed

Governors
5-1
调速器试验规程
Test Code for Speed Governors
本章内容见我公司提供的
Please refer to the following documents as submitted by the Company for this Chapter:
《水轮机调速器出厂调试规程及报告》
Test Code and Report on Delivery Debugging of Turbine Speed Governors
《水轮机调速器现场调试规程及报告》
Test Code and Report on Field Debugging of Turbine Speed Governors
报告内容由我公司人员根据试验情况填写
The report is made by the Company based on the tests.
5-2
第六章
Chapter VI
调速器人机界面
HMI for Speed Governors
6-1
6．调速器人机界面 ..................................................................................................... 3
HMI FOR SPEED GOVERNORS ............................................................................... 3

6.1 概述....................................................................................................................................... 3
General ....................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2 人机界面与控制器通讯 ...................................................................................................... 3
Communication of HMI and Controllers ............................................................................... 3
6.3 人机界面画面显示 .............................................................................................................. 3
HMI Display .............................................................................................................................. 3
6.3.1 画面布局........................................................................................................................ 3
Layout ..................................................................................................................................... 3
6.3.2 数据展示页面................................................................................................................ 4
Data presentation screen ......................................................................................................... 4
6.3.3 参数设置页面................................................................................................................ 7
Parameter setup screen ............................................................................................................ 7
6.3.4 试验界面...................................................................................................................... 15
Test setup screen ................................................................................................................... 15
6.3.5 故障、事件记录.......................................................................................................... 19
Failure and event record........................................................................................................ 19
6.3.6 实时曲线记录................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
Real-time curve record ............................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
6.3.7 历史曲线记录及设置（选配功能）............................................ 错误!未定义书签。
Historic Curve Record and Setup (optional) ........................................... 错误!未定义书签。
6-2
6．调速器人机界面
6.1 概述
General
MGC4000 系列调速器均配置了人机界面，提供了简洁友好的人机交互界面，其主
要作用显示设备的运行状态，将运行人员需要完成的操作指令转换之后下发给设备。
The MGC4000 series speed governors are provided with simple and friendly HMI, which
mainly displays the operation status of the equipment and send the operational command
required to be fulfilled by the operator to the equipment upon conversion.
6.2 人机界面与控制器通讯
Communication of HMI and Controllers
人机界面与控制器之间通讯采用以太网链路或者串行口通讯，其物理连接主要有以
下的两种形式。
The communication between HMI and the controller adopts the Ethernet link or serial
port, with two main physical connection forms as follows.
◆ 人机界面和控制器通过网线（或以太网交换机）连接。
◆ The HMI and the controller are connected via the network cable (or the Ethernet
exchanger).
◆ 人机界面和控制器直接通过串口通讯电缆连接。
◆ HMI and the controller are connected directly via the cables for serial port
communication.
6.3 人机界面画面显示
HMI Display
6.3.1 画面布局
Layout
按照使用目的，将人机界面划分为以下的几个部分：
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HMI is divided into the following parts according to the application purposes:
◆ 数据展示页面
◆ Data presentation screen
◆ 参数设置页面
◆ Parameter setup screen
◆ 试验设置界面
◆ Test setup screen
◆ 事件信息页面
◆ Event Information screen
6.3.2 数据展示页面
Data presentation screen
数据展示页面包含人机界面的主页面和数据显示页面。
The data presentation screen includes the home page and the data presentation screen
for HMI.
（一）主页上的信息为只读，不可操作，主页显示内容有：
(I) the information on the home page is read-only and non-operational, with the contents
displayed on the home page including:
◆ 当前调速系统的重要数据和状态，如导叶开度、桨叶开度（双调节型机组）、频率、
有功功率、开度限制等模拟量信息以及自动/手动/电手动操作模式、频率/开度/功率运行
模式和机组工况等开关量信息。
◆ The current key data and status of the governing system, such as analog information on
guide vane opening, paddle opening (a dual-modulation unit), frequency, active power,
opening limit and switching information on auto/manual/motorized operation modes,
frequency/opening/power operation modes and working conditions for the unit.
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图 6.3.2-1 主页面
Figure 6.3.2 -1 Home Page
（二）数据显示页面显示内容有：
(II) The contents displayed on the data presentation screen include:
◆ “导叶开度”——显示双机各自的导叶接力器的位置。
◆ "Guide vane opening"--to display the guide vane servomotor position of each dual
controllers.
◆ “机组频率”——显示双机各自的机组频率。
◆ "Unit frequency"--to display the unit frequency of each dual controller.
◆ “频率给定”——显示双机各自频率调节目标值，默认 50Hz。
◆ "Unit setting"--to display the target value for frequency regulation of each dual
controllers, with a default of 50Hz.
◆ “开度给定”——显示双机各自的导叶接力器调节的目标值。
◆ "Opening setting"--to display the target value for regulating the guide vane servomotor.
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◆ “功率给定”——显示双机各自有功功率的调节目标。
◆ "Power setting"--to display the target regulation value for active power of each dual
controller.
◆ “PID 给定”——显示双机各自 PID 调节输出值。
◆ "PID setting"--to display the output value for PID regulation of each dual controllers.
◆ “运行水头”——显示双机各自采用的水头值。
◆ "Operational water head"--to display the water head value adopted for each dual
controllers.
◆ “开度限制”——显示双机各自的电气开限数值。
◆ "Opening limit"--to display the electrical opening limit value for each dual controllers.
◆ “有功功率”——显示双机各自采集的实发有功数值。
◆ "Active power"--to display the active power value acquired for each dual controllers.
◆ “电网频率”——显示双机各自的电网频率信息。
◆ "Grid frequency"--to display the grid frequency information of each dual controller.
◆ “PID 参数”——显示双机各自的 PID 运行参数。
◆ "PID parameters"--to display the PID operation parameters for each dual controller.
◆ “桨叶开度”——显示双机各自桨叶开度值信息（双调型机组配置）
◆ "Paddle opening"--to display the paddle opening value for each dual controller
(dual-regulation unit).
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图 6.3.2-2 数据显示页面
Figure 6.3.2 - 2 Data Presentation Screen
6.3.3 参数设置页面
Parameter setup screen
在功能切换区域中点击“参数设置”按钮进入。
To click "Parameter Setup" button to enter this screen in the function switching zone.
一、PID 参数设置，各个数据栏中会显示当前的各个工况下的 PID 参数，对参数进
行修改之后，点击“确定”，设置的参数会被写入控制器中。
I. for PID parameter setting, each data column displays the current PID parameters
for each working conditions; to click "Enter" after modifying the parameters, with the
set parameters written in the controller.
◆ 空载参数修改这一组参数将改变调速器在“机组出口断路器”合
闸之前的调节效果。
6-7
◆ No-load parameter Modification of this parameter set can change the

regulation effect of the speed governor before closing the "ciruit breaker at the outlet of
the unit".
◆ 负载参数当调速器转为负载运行，但一次调频功能未投入时，控制器自
动调用这一组参数。
◆ Load parameter When the speed governor switches to operate with loads
but primary frequency regulation not used, the controller can automatically call the
parameter set.
◆ 一次调频参数当调速器一次调频功能投入时，控制器自动调用这一组
参数，需注意的是一次调频参数中，Kp 不得大于 20.0。
◆ Parameters for primary frequency regulation When using the primary
frequency regulation of the speed governor, the controller can automatically call the
parameter set, notably, with Kp no more than 20.0 concerning the parameters for primary
frequency regulation.
◆ 孤网参数当调速器出口断路器合闸但电网频率波动越过频率设定值（默
认值 0.3Hz）之后调速器转为孤网运行模式，此时调用孤网运行参数，孤网运行参
数可以取接近空载参数的设置值。
◆ Parameters for isolated network When the outlet circuit breaker
of speed governors is closed and the grid frequency fluctuation exceeds the settings (with
a default of 0.3Hz), the speed governor switches to operate in the isolated network mode,
to call the operation parameters for the isolated network by taking the settings
approaching to the no-load parameters.
如空载试验时需要修改参数则修改“空载 PID 参数”，如一次调频试验时需要修改参
数则修改“一次调频 PID 参数”。另外，静态特性试验时需要修改“孤网 PID 参数”, 试验
完毕，参数必须还原。
When it is required to modify the parameter during the no-load test, then it shall modify
the "no-load PID parameters"; when it is required to modify the parameter during the primary
frequency regulation test, then it shall modify the "PID parameters for primary frequency
regulation". In addition, when it is required to modify the "PID parameters for isolated
network" during a static characteristic test, the parameters must be recovered after the test.
※注意：PID 参数设置之后需要经过试验验证才能作为调速器的应用数据，控制机组的运行，
6-8
未进行试验验证的参数不得作为实际运行用的参数。每一项试验结束，恢复所有参数。调速器 PID
参数页面可以修改备用机 PID 参数，每套控制器的 PID 都为单独一页面，页面左上角有 A\B 机标志
提示，切勿修改非当前机的 PID 值。
※Note: after setting the PID parameters, the parameters can be used as the application data for
the speed governor only upon tests and validation, to control the unit operation. Parameters cannot
be used as parameters for real operation without tests and validation. All the parameters shall be
recovered after each test. The PID parameter screen for speed governors can modify the PID
parameters for the standby controller, with the PID for each controller on a separate screen. There is
a Controller A/B mark in the top left-hand corner of the screen, please do not modify the PID values
of the non-current controllers.
图 6.3.3-1 PID 参数设置

Figure 6.3.3 -1 PID Parameter Setup
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二、空载开度和负载开度限制设置
II. Limit setup for no-load opening and load opening
在本页面进行开机空载开度，负载开度限制和协联运算设置。具体设置办法如下：
To set the no-load opening limit, load opening limit and associated arithmetics for startup
on this screen. The setup method is as follows:
图 6.3.3-2 协联设置
Figure 6.3. 3 - 2 Associated Setup
本页面内有空载开度，负载开度限制设置，共有 15 个水头点，根据运行经验将对
应水头下的空载开度、负载开限和抽水运行根据水头优化开度的设置到对应的水头下，
运行过程中，控制器根据不同的水头值调用不同的设置值。
6-10
The screen covers limit setup for no-load opening and load opening, with 15 water head
points in total. It can based on the operation experience, set the no-load opening limit, load
opening limit and pumping operation for the corresponding water heads according to the
optimized opening for water heads. The controller call different settings as per the different
water head values.
※注意：新建电站在设置这些参数时，必须参考主机厂提供的资料。长期运行之后，可根据运行的
实际情况，修改空载开度和负载开度限制。
※Note: When setting a newly-built power station for these parameters, it must refer to the data
provided by the host controller manufacturers. After a long-term operation, it can modify the limits
for no-load opening and load opening according to the actual operation situation.
◆ 水头根据运行经验将机组可能遇到的运行水头划分为 15 段，将每一段的分
段点设置到水头一栏，设置规律从左到右水头设置值逐渐增减。
◆ Water head According to the operation experience, to divide the operational water heads
that the unit may encounter into 15 sections, with each sub-section points set under the
water head column, gradually increase and decrease the water head settings from left to
right by making the rules.
◆ 空载开度根据运行经验将水头数值设置到以上表格内之后，再把对应水头下的
空载开度数值设置到空载开度一栏，设置值可以比实际的空载开度值大 1%~2%开
度，设置规律是水头越高，空载开度越低。
◆ No-load opening According to the operation experience, to set the water head values
in the above tables and then set the no-load opening value of the corresponding water
head in the no-load opening column. The settings can be 1%~2% more than the actual
no-load opening value, with a rule that the higher the water head, the lower the no-load
opening.
◆ 负载开限根据运行经验将以上各个水头下对应的导叶满发时的开度值设置到
负载开限一栏，设置值可以比实际的满发开度值大 1%~2%。
◆ Load opening limit: according to the operation experience, the opening value of the
guide vane in full load corresponding to each water head above can be set to the load
opening limit column, with the setting 1%~2% more than the actual full-load opening
value.
◆ 协联插值表根据主机厂提供协联值将各个水头下对应的桨叶协联值设置到协联
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插值表一栏。
◆ Associated interpolation table: according to the associated interpolation provided by
the host controller manufacturer, set the paddle associated interpolation corresponding to
each water head to the associated interpolation table column.
注意：长期运行之后，需要根据运行的实际情况，修改空载开度和负载开度限制，在测得多个水头
下抽水运行的效率值之后也可以修改根据水头优化导叶开度的设置值。
Note: after a long-term operation, it is required to modify the limits for no-load opening and load
opening according to the actual operation situation. It can also modify the settings after measuring
the efficiency values for pumping operation of multiple water heads, based on the settings of the
optimized guide vane opening for water heads.
调速器开机参数页面可以修改备用机开机参数，每套控制器的开机参数都为单独一页面，页面左上
角有 A\B 机标志提示，切勿修改非当前机的开机参数值。
The startup parameter screen for speed governor can modify the startup parameters for the standby
controller, with the parameters for each controller on a separate screen. There is a Controller A/B
mark in the top left-hand corner of the screen, please do not modify the startup parameters of the
non-current controllers.
三、控制参数设置
Control parameter setup
进行模拟试验之前，有必要对电机控制，比例阀控制以及外部命令操作给定值的变
化率进行设置，在“控制参数”调整页面可以完成对调速器控制性能的调节。
Before an analog test, it is necessary to set the motor control, proportional valve control
and change rate for the set values of external command. It can complete the regulation of the
control performance of speed governors on the "Control Parameters" screen.
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图 6.3.3-3 控制参数设置
Figure 6.3.3 - 3 Control Parameter Setup
在本页面内可以对伺服电机，比例阀的控制性能，对调速器调节的速率以及功率模
式控制的特性做出调节，以使得调速器调节快速、稳定。
On this screen, it can regulate the control performance of servomotor and proportional
valve, the speed of speed governors and the control characteristics of power mode, so that the
speed governor can regulate rapidly and stably.
四、模拟量输入校准
IV. Calibration of Analog Input
在本页面可以实现传感器的校准和越限报警设置。
It can realize the setup of sensor calibration and limit alarming on this screen.
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图 6.3.3-4 模拟量校正
Figure 6.3.3 - 4 Analog Calibrations
◆ 模拟量校正页面，包括传感器的零点采样值、满度采样值、采用低限值、采用高限
值、输出低限值、输出高限值。
◆ The analog calibration screen includes zero sampling values, full-scale sampling value,
lower sampling limit, higher sampling limit, lower output limit, higher output limit.
◆ 如导叶反馈通道，当导叶全关时，将导叶反馈通道采样值的数值键入“零点设置”，
当导叶全开时将采样数值键入“满点设置”，“采样低限”的设置应比“零点设置”的数值略
小，“采样高限”的设置应该比“满点设置”的数值略大，“输出低限”设置为 0，“输出高限”
设置为 9999，表示导叶开度范围为 0~99.99%。
◆ For guide vane feedback channel, when guide vane is full closed, input the sampling
value for the guide vanefeedback channel into the "Zero Setup"; when guide vane is full open,
input the sampling value for the guide vane feedback channel into the "Full Setup". The setup
for "Lower Sampling Limit" shall be lower than that of "Zero Setup", the setup for "Higher
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Sampling Limit" shall be higher than that of "Full Setup". The "Lower Output Value" is set as
0, the "Higher Output Value" is set as 9999, indicating the guide vane opening scope of
0~99.99%.
◆ 设输入信号为 x，输出信号为 y，则输入和输出信号之间的线性对应关系如下：y=
｛(x-全关采样)/（全开采样-全关采样）｝。所得数值 y 为 0~100%的变量，如：机组有功
功率则需要乘以机组的额定有功功率才能与真实的有功功率匹配。
◆ To set the input signal as x, the output signal as y, then the linear relation between input
and output signals are as follows: y=｛(x-full-closed sampling)/(full-open sampling-full-closed
sampling)｝ The value y obtained is the variable of 0~100%, for instance, the active power of
the unit shall be multiplied with the rated active power of the unit in order to match with the
actual active power.
※注意：调速器参数设置页面可以修改备用机模拟通道参数，每套控制器的模拟量通道参数都为单
独一页面，页面左上角有 A\B 机标志提示，切勿修改非当前机的模拟量通道参数。
Note: the parameter setting screen for speed governors can modify the analog channel parameters for
the standby controller, with the parameters for each controller on a separate screen. There is a
Controller A/B mark in the top left-hand corner of the screen, please do not modify the analog
channel parameters of the non-current controllers.
6.3.4 试验界面
Test setup screen
本页中包含调速控制系统中的各个关键给定值设置和操作模式、驱动设备的切换功
能。
The page includes setup for each key setting for the control system of speed governors,
operation mode and switching of drivers.
6-15
图 6.3.4-1 试验设置
Figure 6.3.4 -1 Test Setup
◆ 模式切换当机组处于发电运行且机组出口断路器合闸之后，机组频率偏差在频
率死区以内时，允许使用运行模式切换的功能，选择相应的功能后，调速器会切换到相
应的运行模式。
◆ Mode switch: when the unit is in generating operation and the outlet circuit breaker is
closed, the unit frequency deviation is within the frequency dead-band, the operation mode
switch is allowed. After choosing the corresponding functions, the speed governor can switch
to the corresponding operation mode.
在“功率模式”运行时，则“功率给定”有效，设置一个不同于机组当前有功功率的给
定值，调速器会自动完成调节，使得实际的有功功率调节至给定值。
When operating in "power mode", the "power setting" is valid. When giving a setting
different from the current active power of the unit, the speed governor shall complete the
regulation automatically, with the actual active power regulated to the setting.
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在“开度模式”运行时，则“开度给定”有效，设置一个不同于当前开度的给定值，调
速器会自动完成调节，使得实际的导叶开度调节至给定值。
When operating in "opening mode", the "opening setting" is valid. When giving a setting
different from the current opening setting, the speed governor shall complete the regulation
automatically, with the actual guide vain opening regulated to the setting.
在“频率模式”运行时，则调速器会自动调节导叶开度，使得机组频率调节至给定值。
When operating in "frequency mode", the speed governor shall regulate the guide vain
opening automatically, with the unit frequency regulated to the setting.
※注意：机组处于发电运行且“频率模式”工作时，调速器的调节作用是减缓机组频率远离额定频率
的，但不能使得机组频率完全等于额定频率，因此调速器在这种工况下的调节频率高，机械损耗大，
应该尽可能地避免机组在这种工况下的运行。
※Note: when the unit is in generating operation and "frequency mode", the regulation role of the
speed governors is to keep the unit frequency not far from the rated frequency, but not completely
equal to the rated frequency. Therefore, the speed governor is high in regulation frequency and great
in mechanical loss under such working conditions. It shall try to avoid operate the unit in such
working conditions.
◆ 驱动设备切换本系统由伺服电机+比例阀构成冗余的电液转换器件，设备运行自
动运行过程中，控制器会根据电液转换器件的工作状态自动选择，无需人为干预。试验
电液转换器性能时，可以人为选择电液转换器。
◆ Driver switch: the system shall consist of servomotor+ proportional valve, which form
the redundant electro-hydraulic converter, when the equipment is in automatic operation, the
controller can select the working status for the electro-hydraulic converter automatically, with
no artificial interference. When testing the performance of the electro-hydraulic converter, it
can manually select the electro-hydraulic converter.
◆ 水头切换调速器的运行水头可以设置为人为给定，也可以选用自动水头。
切换为自动水头时，调速器根据 AD 通道采集的蜗壳出口压力和引水管压力插值得到机
组运行的净水头；切换为人工水头时，则可以通过“水头给定”将当前的净水头直接下发
到控制器内。
◆ Water head switch: the operational water head of speed governors can be set both as
manual settings and automatic settings. When switching to the automatic water head, the
speed governor can get the net water head for unit operation based on the spiral case outlet
pressure and the pressure interpolation of diversion pipes collected by AD channel; when
6-17
switching to the artificial water head, it can send the current net water head directly to the
controller via "water head settings".
◆ 开度死区设置 ——开度死区设置的数值在调速器处于“开度模式”或者“功率模
式”运行时有效，默认设置为 0.2%。
◆ Opening dead-band setup ——the values set for the opening dead-band is valid
when the speed governor is in "opening mode" or "power mode", with a default of 0.2%.
◆ 一次调频频率死区——根据电网的要求设置一次调频频率死区，默认值 0.04Hz
◆ Frequency dead-band of primary frequency regulation——to set the frequency
dead-band of primary frequency regulation according to the grid, with a default of
0.04Hz.
◆ 功率死区 ——调速器处于“功率模式”运行时功率死区设置有效，默认为
2%Pn
◆ Power dead-band——the setup for power dead-band is valid when the speed
governor is in "power mode", with a default of 2%Pn
◆ 一般频率死区 ——调速器处于发电运行但一次调频功能未投入的情况下，一般
频率死区设置有效，默认值为 0.2Hz
◆ General frequency dead-band ——when the speed governor is in generating
operation but the primary frequency regulation is not used, the setup for general
frequency dead-band is valid, with a default of 0.2Hz
◆ 实验手动模拟量给定——试验手动操作功能投入时，可以选择直接下发实验手动模
拟量给定，方便测试随动系统的控制性能。
◆ Test manual analog setting ——when using the test manual operation, it can
choose to send the test manual analog settings directly, which can facilitate the control
performance of the test follow-up system.
◆ 开度给定 ——调速器处于开度模式且自动调节时，改变开度给定数值可以
直接改变接力器的位置，调速器在开度模式下的调节稳定值至开度给定值。
◆ Opening setting——when the speed governor is in opening mode and can be
regulated automatically, it can directly change the servomotor position by changing the
opening setting, with the stable value for speed governors in opening mode regulated to
be the opening settings.
◆ 功率给定 ——调速器处于功率模式且自动调节时，改变功率给定数值可以
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使得调速器操作接力器位置，进而调整机组的有功功率值。
◆ Power setting ——when the speed governor is in power mode and can be
regulated automatically, it can change the position of the servomotor for speed governors
by changing the power settings, which further regulates the active power value of the
unit.
◆ 频率给定 ——调速器处于空载且频率模式运行时，改变频率给定值可以使
得机组频率向给定值的方向变化。
◆ Frequency setting ——when the speed governor is in both no-load and
frequency mode operation, it can change the unit frequency approaching to the settings
by changing the frequency settings.
6.3.5 故障、事件记录
Failure and event record
在功能切换区域点击“故障”按钮进入。此页上记录了当前正在发生的故障和发生过
的历史故障。
To click "Failure" button to enter this screen in the function switching zone. The screen
records the failures currently occuring and the historic failures previously occured.
◆ 点击“故障”标签进入故障显示页，故障显示页的左边是实时故障记录，右边是历史
故障记录。
◆ To click "Failure" button to enter the failure presentation page. The real-time failure
record is on the left with the historic failure record is on the right.
◆ 当操作面板上的“故障”指示灯点亮时，“当前故障”信息里将会出现实时的故障信息。
◆ When the "Failure" indicator lamp on the operation panel is on, the "Current Failure"
information can display the real-time failure information.
◆ 当调速器运行过程中出现故障而迅速复归之后，可以在“历史故障记录”里面提取到
“故障记录”，以了解故障发生的时间和复归的时间。配合“事件记录”可以查看调速
器的运行状态的转换，以便于确定故障发生的原因。
◆ When a failure occurs to the speed governor during operation and the failure is recovered
rapidly, it can find the "failure record" in the "Historic Failure Record" to learn about the
time of occurrence and recovery of the failure. The operation status switchover of the
speed governor can be reviewed with the help of "Event Record", which can facilitate the
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causes.
图 6.3.5-1 故障记录页面
Figure 6.3.5 -1 Failure Record Screen
6-20
第七章
Chapter 7
调速器柜体和传感器安装
Installation of Governor
Cabinet and Sensor
7-1
调速器柜体和传感器安装 Installation of Governor Cabinet and Sensor
7. 调速器柜体和传感器安装 INSTALLATION OF GOVERNOR CABINET AND

SENSOR ..................................................................................................................... 3
7.1. 概述 General ..................................................................................................................... 3

7.1.1 安全指导 Safety instruction.............................................................................................. 3
7.1.2 验收 Acceptance ............................................................................................................... 4
7.1.3 运输包装好的设备 Transport the packed device ............................................................. 4
7.1.4 储存 Storage ...................................................................................................................... 5
7.1.5 开箱 Unpacking ................................................................................................................ 7
7.2 柜体的安装 Cabinet Installation ..................................................................................... 10

7.2.1 概述 General ................................................................................................................... 11
7.2.2 柜体排列定位 Arrange and positioning the cabinet....................................................... 11
7.2.3 检查 Inspection ............................................................................................................ 12
7.2.4 基础固定 Foundation Fixing ....................................................................................... 12
7.3 电气接线 Electrical Connection ...................................................................................... 13

7.3.1 电气连接线 Electric cable .............................................................................................. 13
7.3.2 连接铜排 Connection of copper bar ............................................................................... 14
7.3.3 接地连接 Grounding connection .................................................................................... 15
7.3.4 传感器的安装和导线连接 Sensor installation and wire connection ............................. 16
7.4 密封 Sealing ...................................................................................................................... 20
7.5 结束工作 Finishing Off .................................................................................................... 20
7.6 检查 Inspection ................................................................................................................. 20
7.7 特别说明 Special Instruction .......................................................................................... 21
7.8 油漆损坏的修复 Damaged Paint Repairing .................................................................. 22
7-2
7. 调速器柜体和传感器安装 Installation of Governor Cabinet and Sensor
7.1. 概述 General
本章节包括有调速器储存、运输和安装的说明。这些说明是为有资格进行电气设备
安装人员编写的。安装人员必须熟悉这些文件和电力设备安装安全规程。
This chapter describes the storage, transportation and installation of governor. These
instructions are compiled for the disqualified personnel for electrical installations. The
installation personnel should be familiar with the documents and master the safety regulations
for electrical installation.
7.1.1 安全指导 Safety instruction
在整个安装、调试和维护工作期间都必须遵循有关的安全指导。在开始进行安装工
作之前必须阅本章节的相关内容，需特别注意其中的安全注意事项。
Perform installation, debugging and maintenance according to the relevant safety

instructions. Please carefully read the relevant contents in the chapter before installation. Pay
special attention to safety cautions.
※警告：
※ Warning:
 在开始一项工作之前必须认真阅读相关的电源回路图！
 Read carefully the relevant power circuit diagram before a piece of work!
 安装过程中可能需要一些临时电源，如照明、电动工具的电源等，应特别小心
这些临时电源！
 Please be careful with some temporary power supply such as that of lighting and
electric tools that may be required in installation!
 调速器通电后时，连接试验端子必须参考调试规程！
 When the governor is energized, be sure to connect the test terminal according
to the debugging regulation!
 静电放电可能引起电路损坏，接触电子元件时必须配戴防静电手套！
7-3
 As the static discharge may cause damages to circuit, please always wear
anti-static gloves before contacting electronic components!
7.1.2 验收 Acceptance
交货时所有的装箱都要检查，在开箱之前，先检查一下包装箱外部是否有损坏。如
果有损坏，那么就要在保险公司和制造商在场的情况下开箱检查内部设备。外部损坏情
况必须立即记录在有关运输的文件中！开箱后发现的损坏必须在一周内向保险公司和制
造商报告！
Inspect all loading boxes in delivery. Check whether there are damages external packing
cases before opening. If any damages, always open the case and inspect the internal device in
the presence of insurance company and manufacturer. Any internal damages must be recorded
in the relevant transportation documents immediately! Be sure to report the damages found
after unpacking the boxes to the insurance company and manufacturer within one week!
7.1.3 运输包装好的设备 Transport the packed device
设备需用吊车或叉车小心地从运输工具上卸下来。当卸下包装箱的时候，必须按照
箭头指示的方向吊起，包装箱上的一系列符号是根据国家相关标准的规定标记的。当用
叉车提升和搬运包装箱时，叉车的叉子必须平行地插入包装箱的底部。为避免包装箱歪
倒，必须注意包装箱的重心（专门有符号标记）。
Unload the device carefully with crane or forklift from the transportation. Hoist the
packing case as the direction of arrow. A series of symbols on the packing case are marked
according to relevant national regulation. When the forklift lifts and handles the packing case,
its fork must insert into the bottom of packing case in parallel. To avoid the packing case
tilting, pay attention to the gravity of case (there is symbol in the gravity).
只有当设备运抵指定位置时，包装箱才能拆开。
The packing case can be opened only when the device is transported to the defined
location.
7-4
图 7.1.3-1 运输包装箱
Figure 7.1.3-1 Packing Case Transportation
※警告：调速器在运输途中绝对不得倒置或者侧放，以免损坏内部器件。
※Warning: Prohibit inversion or tilting of governor during transportation so as to

avoid damaging interior components.
7.1.4 储存 Storage
为了避免由于存储不当引起的设备质量下降和损坏，从设备进库一直到设备出库安
装，在整个期间必须遵守相应的防范措施。
To avoid the equipment quality deterioration and destruction due to improper storage,
perform all works from equipment in-warehouse to ex-warehouse for installation in strict
accordance with preventive measures.
7.1.4.1 储存条件 Storage conditions
设备必须按原包装在室内存储，并且必须放置在货台上或木制的底架上。
The equipment must be stored in original package and put on the cargo platform or
wooden frame.
7-5
存储人员需对存储地点入口进行控制以及严格管理。存储库应配备适当型号的灭火
装置和材料，并且要保持其完好可用。存储库要始终保持清洁、干燥和通风，库里的安
排要合理，废物和陈旧的包装箱必须清除干净！为避免设备弄脏和损坏，必须防止小动
物和昆虫进入库内。存储对环境的要求具体如下：
The storage personnel should make strict control and management for the entrance of
storing place. Equip the suitable extinguishing plant and materials for the warehouse, and
make sure they are available in good condition. Keep clean, dry and venting in the storage.
Make arrangement reasonably. Clear up all wastes and worn packing boxes. To avoid
smearing and damaging the equipment, be sure to prevent small animals and insects coming
into warehouse. The specific environment requirements for storage are as following:
 允许的存储温度 -25 C 到 +55 C
 Allowable storage temperature: -25℃ - +55 ℃
 相对湿度（无允许的结露）5 % 到 85 %
 Relative humidity (without allowable condensation): 5% - 85%
※警告：调速器设备内部含有精密器件，设备必须按原包装在室内存储，并且必须
放置在货台上或木制的底架上,保持干燥。不得在室外露天存放，不得被水淋湿或者被
水淹没。
※Warning: as the governor contains precise components, the device must be stored
in original package and placed on the cargo platform or wooden frame against wet. Do
not put them in the open air. Prohibit getting wet or submerging.
7.1.4.2 存储期间的检查 Inspection during storage
为保证设备完好，应进行定期检查，至少每月进行一次。任何细微的变化都必须引
起注意，并尽可能快地纠正！检查要按下列几点进行：
Make regular inspection at least once a month for the equipment integrity. Pay attention
to any subtle changes and make corrections as soon as possible! Perform inspection of items
as following:
 环境干燥
7-6
 The environment is dry.
 表面清洁
 The surface is clean.
 设备覆盖和密封完好
 The equipment covering and sealing is in good condition.
 标记完好
 The labeling is intact.
 设备外观无物理损坏
 The equipment appearance has no physical damage.
7.1.5 开箱 Unpacking
7.1.5.1 打开包装箱的框架 Open the frame of packing case
按下列步骤打开包装箱框架：
Open the frame of packing case according to the following steps:
1. 拆下包装箱的顶部 Remove the top of packing case;
2. 拆下所有的内部支撑 Remove all internal bracket;
3. 拆下侧板，拆除塑料薄膜 Remove the side plate and plastic film;
4. 检查是否有损坏 Check the damages.
7-7
顶部 Top 后面 Rear
T94_0168.D
前面 Front 底部 Bottom
侧面 Side
图 7.1.5.1-1 设备/柜体的开箱
Figure 7.1.5.1-1 Equipment/Cabinet Unpacking
7.1.5.2 设备和柜体的运输 Transportation of equipment and cabinet
开箱后，用起重机或叉车将设备运到安装地点。设备只能放在水平的地面上！保证
开始移动的时候设备不能倾倒。设备/柜体需要从底部固定绳缆吊起（见图 3）或从顶部
固定绳缆吊起（见图 7.1.5.2-1）。
Transport the equipment with crane or forklift to the installation location after unpacking.
The equipment can be put on the horizontal ground only. Do not dump the equipment at the
beginning of moving. Fix the rope at the bottom (Figure 3) or at the top (Figure 7.1.5.2-1) and
hoist the equipment/cabinet.
从底部起吊柜体时要遵循下列几点：
Follow the following cautions while hoisting cabinet from bottom:
7-8
 从底部缚绳索！
 Bind the ropes from the bottom!
 尺寸 "L" 必须大于尺寸 "M"。
 L must be greater than M.
 确保绳索有足够的承重能力。
 Make sure the rope has sufficient bearing capacity.
T94_0169.DRW
图 7.1.5.2-1 用起重机运输
Figure 7.1.5.2-1 Transport with Hoist
用吊环运输时，要遵循下列几点：
Follow the following points while transporting with hanger:
 绳索和吊钩之间的角度不得超过 120°！
7-9
 The angle between rope and hook should not exceed 120°!
 直接用框架吊起柜体是不允许的！
 It is not allowed to lift the cabinet with frame directly!
 柜体只能放置在水平的地面上！
 The cabinet can be put on the horizontal ground only!
 柜体安装后可以拆除吊环，在螺丝孔中要安装螺帽，然后用树脂密封好。
 After completing the cabinet installation, remove the hanger, install the nut in the
screw hole, and seal it with resin.
※警告：调速器在吊装及运输途中绝对不得倒置或者侧放，以免损坏内部器件。
※Warning: Prohibit inversion or tilting of governor during hoisting and

transportation so as to avoid damaging interior components.
T94_0170.DRW
图 7.1.5.2-2 用吊环运输
Figure 7.1.5.2-2 Transporting with Hanger
7.2 柜体的安装 Cabinet Installation
一般情况下，设备在出厂前已按照现场安装的要求做好了相应的准备工作，包括柜
间接线、底部、侧面和顶部开孔等。安装现场的照明和通道必须保证。如果安装现场的
7-10
湿度很大，且温度的变化范围也很大，就容易产生凝露现象。通过安装现场加热的方法
可避免凝露现象的产生。
In general, the equipment has been prepared according to the installation requirements on
site before leaving factory, including connection between cabinets, opening pores at bottom,
side and top, etc. Provide sufficient lighting and passage for field installation. If the humidity
is high and the temperature varies greatly in the installation site, the condensation may take
place easily. Provide heating in the installation site to prevent condensation.
7.2.1 概述 General
安装柜体应当遵循下列步骤：
Install the cabinet according to the following steps:
1. 柜体排列定位 Arrange and positioning the cabinet;
2. 检查 Inspect;
3. 固定柜体 Fix the cabinet;
4. 拆下吊环螺钉 Remove the lifting bolt;
5. 密封 Seal
7.2.2 柜体排列定位 Arrange and positioning the cabinet
一般，设备在运输过程中分单柜包装，运输时柜子必须垂直放置！按照前面指引打
开包装箱后，参照设备布置图把柜体依次排列好。
Generally, the equipment is packed in single cabinet during transportation. Put the
cabinet vertically in transportation! After opening the package as instruction, arrange the
cabinet in proper order according to the equipment layout.
安装固定前必须仔细核对各柜体的排列位置、排列次序及前后门的布置方向。
Check the position, sequence and direction of front and rear door for the cabinets
carefully before installation.
7-11
7.2.3 检查 Inspection
柜体排列完毕，在没有固定之前，检查所有的门和盖板要完好，必须能够灵活地开
/关，或无扭曲变形。
After cabinet arrangement and before fixing, make sure all doors and cover plates are in
good condition and can be flexibly opened/closed or without distortion.
7.2.4 基础固定 Foundation Fixing
在电厂建筑物安装面上埋置了槽钢，设备柜体应铆焊固定在槽钢上。
There embeds U-bar on the installation surface of buildings for power plant. The
equipment cabinet should be rivet welded to U-bar.
柜体 Cabinet 槽钢 U-bar
基础 Foundation 安装支架 Mounting bracket
图 6.2.4-1 基础固定
Figure 6.2.4-1 Foundation Fixing
一旦柜体已排列好并可靠地固定在基础上时，吊环和螺钉可以拆掉，保存在安全的
地方。
As soon as the cabinets are arranged well and reliably fixed to the foundation, the hanger
and bolts can be removed and stored in the safe place.
7-12
7.3 电气接线 Electrical Connection
7.3.1 电气连接线 Electric cable
调速器设备内部的电气连接已由制造商连接完毕，在现场安装时，当拼柜完成后，
按照图纸的指引敷设预留的导线并接到相应的端子。
The internal electric connection of governor has been completed by manufacturer. During
field installation, after cabinet assembly, lay the reserved wires and connect to corresponding
terminal according the drawings.
调速器装置与电厂其它设备的连接需由设计或安装单位实施，这包括信号回路、控
制回路和电源回路等。当选择电缆和导线时，要注意电缆要有足够的长度和如何敷设。
随着压降的增加会引起干扰增加。
The connections between governor device and other devices of power plant shall be
performed by design unit or installation unit, including signal circuit, control circuit, power
circuit etc. Pay attention to provide enough cables and the laying methods while selecting
cables and wires. With the increase of pressure drop, the interference will increase.
绑扎电缆用的电缆夹或电缆带应该安装在机箱的底部，以防电缆连接头受拉力拉得
太紧。电缆夹也用于电缆电磁屏蔽的接地。
The cable clamp or cable tie for binding should be located at the bottom of chassis so as
to avoid the cable connector pulling too tight. The cable clamp also can be used for
electromagnetic shielding grounding of cable.
 电缆连接工艺过程 Cable connection process
1. 按压接所需长度剥去导线绝缘，剥去长度以压接后压接部分两侧导线裸露部分均匀
不大于 2mm 为宜。Strip the wire insulation as the required length for pressure connection.
It is better for the stripping length that the exposed wires on both sides of pressure
connection parts after pressure connection are not more than 2mm.
2. 导线截面小于 6mm²时可用手动冷压接线钳压线。导线截面大于 6mm²时，可用机动
油压钳压接。If the conductor section is less than 6mm², the cold-pressure connection
7-13
plier can be used for pressure by manual. If the conductor section is greater than 6mm²,
the mechanical oil-pressure plier can be used for connection.
3. 压接完毕，除去端头上的油污，毛刺等。After connection, remove the grease and burr
on the end.
4. 将压接好的端头放入端子接线孔内或者电缆连接螺丝上，用螺丝刀拧紧端子或者扳
手上紧螺母，拉拔导线无松动即可。Put the connected terminal into the terminal
connection hole or into the connection screw, tighten the terminal with screwdriver or
tighten the nut with wrench. If pulling wires and no looseness, it means the connection
has done.
 电缆连接工艺要求 Technological requirements for cable connection
1. 压接处压印应与压接端头的中心线对称。The imprint at pressure connection should be
symmetrical with the central line of pressing terminal.
2. 压印深度适中，压接可靠、牢固。The imprint depth should be appropriate, and the
pressure connection should be reliable and secure.
3. 导电接触面平整、光洁无损。The conducting surface should be even, smooth and
without damages.
7.3.2 连接铜排 Connection of copper bar
在铜排连接前，用户应将铜排底部擦净，用软布将铜排的连接面彻底地擦干净。如
果连接面很脏，可以用清洁剂（例如酒精）或软刷清洁。连接面绝对不能有污垢和油脂。
用海绵橡皮垫将合适的油脂均匀地涂在接触面。但只能涂很薄的一层。处理完后立即接
好铜排。
The users should wipe clean thoroughly the connection surface and bottom of copper bar
with soft cloth before connection. If the connection surface is very dirty, the cleaning agent
(such as alcohol) or soft brush can be used for cleaning. The connection surface should not
7-14
have any dirties or grease. Apply the proper grease to the contact surface with sponge rubber
pad in uniform. The coating must be thin. After that, connect the copper bar immediately.
各单元电气连接的螺钉，必须按照下表规定的力矩拧紧。但是，它们应当预先在接
触处涂以润滑油脂。
The bolts for each electric connection must be tightened at the specified torque in the
following table. However, there should apply the grease at the contacting surface in advance.
螺钉尺寸：
Bolt dimension: M5 M6 M8 M10
M12 M16 M20 M24
扭矩(Nm):
Torque (Nm) 2.2 3.7 9 18.8
31.2 75.5 152.5 146.2
铜缆和铜排的连接在下列图中详细说明：
The detailed connections for copper cable and copper bar are described in the following
figure:
六角螺钉 Hex Head Screw 垫圈 Washer 铜排 Copper bar 六角

螺母 Hex Head Nut
电缆接头 Cable Connector 垫圈 Gasket 弹簧垫圈 Spring Washer
图 7.3.2-1 电缆连接
Figure 7.3.2-1 Cable Connection
7.3.3 接地连接 Grounding connection
主要接地铜排应安装在柜子的底部，主要接地电缆采用螺钉连接到接地铜排。
7-15
The main grounding copper bar should be installed at the bottom of cabinet. Connect the
main grounding cable to grounding copper bar with screws.
T94_0186.drw
图 7.3.3-1 接地铜牌
Figure 7.3.3-1 Grounding Copper Bar
7.3.4 传感器的安装和导线连接 Sensor installation and wire connection
7.3.4.1 齿盘接近开关（探头）的安装 Installation of proximity switch (probe) of gear
Gear device
The crank arm of gear probe bracket is
Best detection distance projecting
paralleled with the projecting surface of
2.5mm-4mm Proximity switch
gear device.
Fixing nut for proximity
switch – a pair
Bracket fixing location
Probe bracket
图 7.3.4-1 齿盘接近开关的安装
Figure 7.3.4-1 Installation of Proximity Switch of Gear
如图，齿盘接近开关在安装时应首先固定支架，使得支架的拐臂和齿盘装置的凸起
面平行，然后将接近开关穿过支架上的安装孔，调节接近开关固定螺帽，使得接近开关
7-16
距离齿盘装置凸起面的垂直距离在 2.5mm-4mm 之间，达到最佳的检测效果，调节完毕，

拧紧固定螺帽，安装带有带有固定螺帽垫片的接近开关时必须使用垫片，以确保接近开
关不会因为振动而松脱。
As shown in the figure, fix the bracket first before installation of proximity switch of
fluted disk, and make sure the crank arm of bracket is paralleled with the projecting surface of
gear device. Then, pass the proximity switch through the installation hole of bracket; adjust
the fixing nut of proximity switch so that the vertical distance between proximity switch and
the projecting surface of gear is between 2.5mm – 4mm and achieve the best detection effect.
After adjustment, tighten the fixing nut. Use washer to install the proximity switch with fixing
nut gasket so as to avoid loose of proximity switch caused by vibration.
现场制作接近开关支架时必须选用强度足够的钢板，钢板厚度不小于 5mm，且拐
臂长度不超过 400mm，防止拐臂抖动影响检测效果。
If fabricating the proximity switch bracket on site, it has to select the steel plate with
sufficient strength and thickness of not less than 5mm and the crank arm length is not more
than 400mm in order to avoid impact of crank arm on the detection effect.
7.3.4.2 位移传感器安装 Installation of displacement sensor
Move
Fixing Fixing
Pull lever bracket bracket Sensor
Nut
Detected Cable
piece Base
图 7.3.4.2-1 拉杆式直线位移传感器安装
Figure 7.3.4.2-1 Installation of Linear Rod Displacement Sensor
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图 7.3.4.2-2 拉杆式直线位移传感器的万向节
Figure 7.3.4.2-2 Cardan Joint of Linear Rod Displacement Sensor
如图所示，将传感器的电缆连接好，通电，未安装之前先拉动拉杆，确认传感器输
出信号正常，在拉杆或者滑块上做标记标定传感器的有效工作范围。安装直线位移传感
器之前应首先将传感器的安装底座固定在接力器本体上或着其它位置固定、可靠的地
方，底座安装完毕，用 M5 的螺丝穿过固定架的螺丝孔将传感器本体安装在底座上，固
定架处螺丝暂时不要上紧。将传感器的拉杆拉出，拉动拉杆上的万向节接头，观察拉杆
在导叶接力器开关全行程内能否平滑地移动，确保接力器全关时拉杆不顶撞本体，全开
时拉杆不拉拽本体。此时用螺母将拉杆与接力器上的牵引部分连接固定，然后用手扶住
传感器本体，联系操作人员缓慢操作接力器开关，确保接力器全关时拉杆相对零点（即
传感器输出信号零点 0V/0mA/4mA）为正，接力器全开时拉杆相对传感器输出全行程点
（10V/5V/20mA）为负，此时再上紧固定架。
As shown in the figure, connect the sensor cable and power it on; pull the rod before
installation; make sure the output signal of sensor is normal; mark the effective working range
of sensor on the rod or slider. Before installation of linear displacement sensor, fix the
mounting base of sensor to the servomotor body or to other secure and reliable place. After
that, pass the M5 screw through the screw hole of securing bracket and secure the sensor to
the mounting base. Do not tighten the screw at the securing bracket position for the time
being. Pull out the rod of sensor, and pull the cardan joint on the rod. Observe that whether
the rod can move smoothly in the full stroke of guide vane servomotor, make sure the rod
does not go against the body at the full closing of servomotor and not pull the body at the full
opening of servomotor. At this time, secure the pull rod with the traction part of servomotor
7-18
with screw. Hold the sensor body and contact the operator to operate the servomotor switch,
make sure the relative zero (i.e. the zero of output signal of sensor is 0V/0mA/4mA) of pull
rod at full closing of servomotor is positive and the output full-stroke of sensor for pull rod at
the full opening of servomotor (10V/5V/20mA) is negative. Then, tighten the securing
bracket.
现场加工的传感器底座必须有足够的强度，传感器底座以及牵引支架的加工材料应
该为厚度不小于 5mm 的钢板。
The sensor base fabricated on site must have enough strength, and the sensor base and
traction bracket should be the steel plate with thickness not less than 5mm.
注意：如果采用拉绳传感器，在拉绳被拉开之后不允许突然放手，防止传感器损坏。
Note: if the cord sensor is adopted, do not release the cord suddenly to avoid damaging
the sensor.
7.3.4.3 传感器接线 Sensor connection
带有引出的线的传感器，连接至控制柜或端子箱时必须采用导线焊接的方式连接。
导线焊接前要用剥线钳除去末端绝缘层，去绝缘层时要注意对单股线不应伤及导线，多
股线及屏蔽线不断线，否则将影响接头的质量。
Connect the leading wire of sensor to the control cabinet or terminal box in the wire
welding way. Remove the insulation barrier at the end with a wire stripper before wire
welding. Pay attention not to damage the wire of single-stranded cable and not to break the
multi-stranded cable and shielded wire, otherwise it will affect the connecting quality.
导线之间的连接采用绕焊方式，操作步骤如下：
Connect the wires with contour welding, and the operating procedures are as following:
去掉两侧被焊接导线一定长度绝缘皮并在线头上锡，并穿上合适的绝缘套管。绞
合导线，施焊。趁热套上绝缘套管，冷却后套管固定在接头上，待焊接处完全冷却后
以绝缘胶带缠绕。
Remove a length of insulation barrier on the welding lead of both sides, and add the
proper insulating sleeve. Strand the wires and make welding. Put on the insulation sleeve
when it is hot. After it becomes cold, secure the sleeve to the connector. Bind it with
insulating tape until the welding location cools off absolutely.
7-19
Bind the thin wire to the thick wire and make welding Bind and weld the wires with same size
图 7.3.4-1 导线绕焊
Figure 7.3.4-1 Contour Welding of Wires
7.4 密封 Sealing
根据设计和要求的防护等级，在柜体底架和基础的交接处必须用密封垫密封。
According to the prevention grades in the design and requirements, the joint between
cabinet under-frame and foundation must be sealed with sealing gasket.
※警告：如果可能有害虫或污垢进入柜内，在调试后，敞开的基础必须密封好！
※Warning: If there may be pests or dirties entering into cabinet, be sure to seal the
open foundation after debugging!
7.5 结束工作 Finishing Off
将所有的运输工具都拿开，例如设备里的木支撑等（如果有的话）。
Remove all transportation tools such as wooden support in the equipment (if any).
把身边所有不用的东西都清掉，例如包装用的材料或柜内的小段电缆等。
Clear out all the unused things such as material used for packing or small cable in the
cabinet etc.
用一块防静电的布将绝缘部分擦净，不要用任何的溶剂！
Wipe clean the insulating section with one anti-static cloth. Do not use any solvent!
7.6 检查 Inspection
◆ 检查基座的固定。
◆ Check the security of base;
◆ 检查设备的防护等级是否满足，特别注意底盘和柜体顶部的电缆入口处。
7-20
◆ Make sure the prevention grad is satisfied, in particular the cable access at chassis
and cabinet top;
◆ 一般查看：外观、完整性、标记、外来异物、清洁度。
◆ Inspect the appearance, integrity, marks, foreign matters and cleanness;
◆ 检查电缆的连接和配线。
◆ Inspect the connection and wiring of cable;
◆ 屏蔽电缆在柜体的入口处正确接地，导叶开度反馈电缆在传感器一侧接地。
◆ Make correct grounding of shielded cable at the cabinet entrance, and the feedback
cable of guide vane opening is grounded at the sensor;
◆ 所有的保护导线连接正确。
◆ All protection wire should be connected correctly;
◆ 关闭柜门。
◆ Close the cabinet door.
7.7 特别说明 Special Instruction
如果安装和配线工作中断时，做好下面的工作以保护设备不脏、不受潮和有外来的
异物：
If the installation and wiring work is interrupted, the following work should be provided
to prevent the equipment from being dirty and affected by damp or foreign matters;
◆ 关闭柜体所有的柜门。
◆ Close all doors on the cabinet;
◆ 用塑料布盖好柜体。
◆ Cover the cabinet body with plastic cloth;
◆ 在安装地点加热或连接柜内的加热器（如果已安装）。
◆ Provide heating at the installation place or connect the heater inside of cabinet (if
any).
7-21
安装过程中，若发现调速器设备内部有器件在运输及安装过程中受到损坏，应尽快
联系生产厂家，协调修复或提供相应的备件。
If the internal components of governor are damaged during transportation and installation,
please contact the manufacturer immediately to remedy or provide the spare part accordingly.
7.8 油漆损坏的修复 Damaged Paint Repairing
在运输和安装期间，对设备表面的油漆的任何损坏，在调试前必须修复。
If any paints on the equipment surface are damaged during transportation and installation,
be sure to repair it before debugging.
只有聚亚安酯油漆可以用来修复损坏的油漆表面，因为只有它可以保证完全地附着
在原来的漆面上。
Only the polyurethane paint can be used to repair the damaged paint surface, because
only the paint can adhere to the original paint completely.
用细毛刷可以修复擦痕和裂纹。
Repair the scrapes and cracks with fine brush.
柜体前门的油漆如果大面积的损坏，这时整个门都要重新刷漆。
If a large area paints on the front door are damaged, the entire door have to be re-painted.
7-22
第八章
Chapter 8
调速器运行操作说明
Governor Operation
Instructions
8-1
调速器运行操作说明 Governor Operation Instruction
8．调速器操作说明 GOVERNOR OPERATION INSTRUCTION .............................. 4
8.1 概述 General ........................................................................................................................ 4
8.2 电柜面板操作及显示部分 Cabinet panel operation and display .................................. 4
8.2.1 电柜面板表计显示部分 Metering display area on cabinet panel ............................... 5
8.2.2 电柜面板指示灯显示部分 Indicator lamp display area on cabinet panel ................. 5
8.2.3 电柜面板操作部分 Operation area on cabinet panel .................................................. 6
8.2.4 电柜面板现地/远方操作对调速器接收命令的定义 Definition of governor receiving

command by local/remote operation of cabinet panel ......................................................... 10
8.3 来自远方操作的指令定义 Definition for the commands from remote operation ...... 11
8.4 调速系统向远方输出的信号定义 Definition of signals from governing system to

remote....................................................................................................................................... 15
8.5 调速系统日常运行及维护规程 Daily operation and maintenance instructions for

governing system ..................................................................................................................... 17
8.5.1 机组大修后的检查 Inspection of unit after overhaul ................................................ 17
8.5.2 手动开机检查及操作前注意事项 Precautions for manual startup inspection and
before operation .................................................................................................................... 18
8.5.3 手动开机 Manual startup ........................................................................................... 18
8.5.4 手动停机 Manual shutdown ....................................................................................... 19
8.5.4 手动复归急停阀及事故阀的注意事项（重要）Precautions for manual resetting of
emergency stop valve and emergency valve (important) ...................................................... 19
8.5.4 自动开机 Auto startup ................................................................................................ 19
8.5.5 自动停机 Auto shutdown ........................................................................................... 20
8.5.5 A/B 机主备用切换 Active/standby switching between Controller A and B .......... 20
8.5.6 调速器的手自动切换 Auto/manual switching of governor .................................... 20
8-2
8.5.6 调速器手动态与自动态增减负荷 Increase/decrease load of governor at auto and

manual status ......................................................................................................................... 21
8.5.7 调速器及油压装置的巡检与维护 Polling and maintenance for governor and oil
pressure unit .......................................................................................................................... 21
8-3
8．调速器操作说明 Governor Operation Instruction
8.1 概述 General
调速器接收监控系统、电柜面板操作和人机界面操作的指令，并对这些指令做出响
应。本章将详细介绍电柜面板操作与监控系统指令，以及调速系统在日常及大修后的检
查巡检内容作出一些规定。
The governor receives instruction for monitoring system, cabinet panel operation and
human-machine interface operation, and makes response for these instructions. This chapter
will make detailed introduction of cabinet panel operation and monitoring system instruction,
and give some regulation for the patrol inspection items of governing system in the daily work
and overhauls.
8.2 电柜面板操作及显示部分 Cabinet panel operation and display
调速器电柜面板操作区域也是实现人机交互的一种方式，通过电柜面板的操作可实
现调速器运行状态切换，手动开停机及负荷增减，并可实现手动/自动运行之间无扰切换。
通过面板上指示灯和仪表显示可查看调速系统当前运行状态的各主要数据。
The cabinet panel operating area of governor is one way to realize human-machine
interaction. Through the cabinet panel operation, it is able to achieve operating status
switching, manual startup/shutdown and load increase/decrease, and realize uninterrupted
switching over between manual and automatic operation. On the panel indicator lamp and
meter display, the main data of current operating status for regulating system can be reviewed.
电柜控制面板分为四个部分：（※具体参考随机图纸--电柜面板布置图）
The control panel of cabinet includes four areas: (※Details refer to random drawing –
Cabinet Panel Arrangement)
◆ 表计显示部分 Metering display area
◆ 指示灯显示部分 Indicator lamp display area
◆ 面板操作部分 Panel operating area
◆ 人机界面部分（※具体参考本手册第六章《调速器人机界面》）Human-machine
interface area (※Details refer to Chapter 6 Human-machine Interface of Governor
in the manual)
8-4
8.2.1 电柜面板表计显示部分 Metering display area on cabinet panel
 导叶开度表：显示当前机组导叶开度。
 Guide vane opening meter: display the guide vane opening of current unit
 桨叶开度表（双调节型机组）：显示当前的桨叶开度。
 Paddle opening meter (dual-governor units): display the current paddle opening
 机组频率/转速表：显示当前机组频率/转速百分比。
 Frequency/revolution meter of unit: display the frequency/revolution of current unit
 机组有功功率表：显示当前机组的有功功率，调速器调相运行或
者抽水运行时允许出现负值。
 Active power meter of unit: display the active power of current unit. The
negative value is allowed for governor at phasing operation or pumping operation.
 导叶开限表：（选配）显示当前的电气开限值。
 Opening limit meter of guide vane (optional): display the current electric opening
limit
 油压表：（选配）显示调速系统（或者压力罐）压力。
 Oil pressure meter (optional): display the pressure of governing system (or
pressure tank)
8.2.2 电柜面板指示灯显示部分 Indicator lamp display area on cabinet panel
◆ 锁定退出灯：当机械锁定在退出位置时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Locking OUT lamp: when the mechanical locking is in OFF position, the indicator
lamp will be on.
◆ 锁定投入灯：当机械锁定在投入位置时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Locking ON lamp: when the mechanical locking is in ON position, the indicator
lamp will be on.
◆ 事故指示灯：当调速器报严重故障时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Accident indicator lamp: when serious fault occurs to the governor, the indicator
lamp will be on.
◆ 故障指示灯：当调速器报一般故障时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Fault indicator lamp: when common fault occurs to the governor, the indicator lamp
will be on.
◆ A 套主用指示灯：当调速器 A 机控制处于“主用状态”时，该指示灯点亮。
8-5
◆ Active Controller A main indicator lamp: when the speed governor controller A is at
“active status”, the indicator lamp will be on.
◆ B 套主用指示灯：当调速器 B 机控制处于“主用状态”时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Active Controller B main indicator lamp: when the speed governor controller B is at
“active status”, the indicator lamp will be on.
◆ 导叶手动指示灯：当调速器导叶控制处于“机手动模式”时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Manual indicator lamp for guide vane: when the guide vane controller of the speed
governor is at “manual mode”, the indicator lamp will be on.
◆ 导叶自动指示灯：当调速器导叶控制处于“自动模式”时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Auto indicator lamp for guide vane: when the guide vane controller of the speed
governor is at “automatic mode”, the indicator lamp will be on.
◆ 桨叶手动指示灯：当调速器桨叶控制处于“机手动模式”时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Manual indicator lamp for paddle: when the paddle controller of the speed governor
is at “auto manual mode”, the indicator lamp will be on.
◆ 桨叶自动指示灯：当调速器桨叶控制处于“自动模式”时，该指示灯点亮。
◆ Auto indicator lamp for paddle: when the paddle controller of the speed governor is
at “automatic mode”, the indicator lamp will be on.
※桨叶部分指示灯仅双调节型调速器配置。
※Paddle indicator lamp is only for dual-regulating governor.
※导叶或桨叶自动指示灯闪烁时，调速器处于导叶或桨叶试验手动状态，在投
入运行前必须通过人机界面或者柜内试验手动按钮将试验手动复归。
※When the auto indicator lamp for guide vane or paddle flickers, the speed
governor is at the test manual status of guide vane or paddle. Before putting into
operation, make sure to reset the test manually through the human-machine
interface or manual testing button in cabinet.
8.2.3 电柜面板操作部分 Operation area on cabinet panel
电柜面板操作旋钮/按钮：A/B 机切换旋钮、导叶手自动切换旋钮、现地/远方切换旋
钮、导叶开度增加/减少旋钮、紧急及复归按钮、桨叶手自动切换旋钮（双调型机组配置）、
桨叶开度增加/减少旋钮（双调型机组配置）、功率/开度切换模式旋钮（选配）、开限增
减/减少旋钮（选配）。
Cabinet panel operating knob/button: Controller A/B switching knob, auto/manual
8-6
switching knob for guide vane, local/remote switching knob, guide vane opening
increase/decrease knob, emergency and reset button, auto/manual switching knob for paddle
(for dual-regulating unit), paddle opening increase/decrease knob (for dual-regulating unit),
power/opening switching knob (optional), opening limit increase/decrease knob (optional).
◆ A/B 机切换旋钮：调速器不存在大故障的前提下，调速器切至主用机工作时，
对应主用机指示灯点亮。
◆ Controller A/B switching knob: if there are no major faults in the speed governor, it
switches to active status, and the corresponding active indicator lamp will be on.
◆ 导叶手自动切换旋钮：调速器不存在大故障的前提下，调速器切至自动运行工
况，导叶自动运行指示灯点亮；调速器切至手动运行工况，导叶手动运行指示
灯点亮。
◆ Auto/manual switching knob for guide vane: if there are no major faults in the speed
governor, when the governor is switched to automatic operating status, the auto
operation indicator lamp for guide vane will be on; when the governor is switched to
manual operation, the manual operation indicator lamp for guide vane will be on.
※ 注意：导叶手动按钮的操作权限为最优先级，一旦切至导叶手动操作，比例阀
或电机等电气执行机构将无法操作引导阀，调速器纯机手动运行时，无法进行
自动调节，需要操作把手才能动作接力器，调速器切手动运行之后应有专人监
护设备。
※ Note: the manual button of guide vane has top priority. Once the guide vane is
in manual operation, the proportional valve, motor or other electric actuator is
unable to operate the pilot valve. When the governor is at the manual operation
only, it is unable to make auto regulation and requires handle operation to
activate the servomotor. Arrange specific person to monitor the device after the
governor is switched to manual operation.
※ 相应的实验手动按钮存在于柜内，只有在调速器自动及现地操作条件下，投入
实验手动按钮有效，调速器手动状态投入实验手动按钮无效；一旦投入实验手
动按钮，调速器自动等闪烁，当调速器切远方运行时，调速器自动切换到自动
状态运行，在完成实验手动操作时，必须复归实验手动按钮。
※ The corresponding test manual button is inside of cabinet. Only when the
governor is at automatic and local condition, the test manual button can be
effective, and the test manual button is invalid if the governor is at manual
8-7
status. Once the test manual button is on, the corresponding indicator lamp of
the governor flickers. When the governor is at remote operation mode, it
switches to auto operation automatically. After completing manual testing
operation, make sure to reset the test manual button.
◆ 现地/远方切换旋钮：现地控制仅对电柜操作有效，远方控制时 LCU 操作有效。
◆ Local/remote switching knob: the local control is valid for cabinet operation only,
and the remote control is valid for LCU operation.
◆ 导叶增/减旋钮：现地控制有效时，可以通过操作导叶增/减旋钮增大/减少导叶开
度给定值，从而达到调整导叶开度的目的。导叶增/减的速度可以通过触摸屏上
的增/减速度进行设置，设置范围为 1%/s—20%/s 操作增/减旋钮时应点动操作。
◆ Guide vane opening increase/decrease knob: when the local control is effective, it is
able to increase/decrease the guide vane opening value by the guide vane opening
increase/decrease knob so as to adjust the guide vane opening. Make setting of
increase/decrease speed by the touch screen, and the setting range is 1%/s – 20%/s.
Operating the increase/decrease knob by clicking.
◆ 紧急停机按钮：紧急停机按钮在必要时才可进行按压操作，这将导致机组紧急
事故停机，可能会对机组的设备产生损坏，其操作必须慎之又慎。紧急停机按
钮带保护盖，当且仅当机组发生紧急故障时可以掀开保护盖，按下此按钮。按
下此按钮之后，比例阀/电机的控制不再发挥作用，调速器将会以最快速度关闭
导叶。
◆ Emergency shutdown button: the emergency shutdown button can be operated if
necessary. This will lead to emergency accidental shutdown and may cause damages
to equipment. Be careful for the operation. The emergency shutdown button has
protective cover. If and only if there is emergency fault for the units, the protective
cover can be removed for pressing button. After pressing the button, the proportional
valve/motor control will not affect any more, and the governor will close the guide
vane at the top speed.
◆ 紧急停机复归按钮：当机组故障原因查明并排除之后，在开机之前可以按下紧
急停机复归按钮，使得控制油路恢复正常工作状态。
◆ Reset button for emergency shutdown: when the fault is detected and removed, press
the reset button for emergency shutdown before startup so as to recover the oil
circuit to normal condition.
8-8
※注意：手动操作此紧急停机复归按钮（或机械装置紧急停机复归电磁阀）时，运
行人员必须确认调速器在停机备用状态或调速器为手动运行态。
※Note: While operating the reset button for emergency shutdown manually (or
mechanical device shutdown emergently and resets electromagnetic valve), the
operators should make sure the governor is at shutdown as standby or manual
operation status.
◆ 桨叶手自动切换旋钮（双调节型机组）：调速器不存在大故障的前提下，桨叶切
至自动运行工况，桨叶自动运行指示灯点亮；桨叶切至手动运行工况，桨叶手
动运行指示灯点亮。
◆ Auto/manual switching knob for paddle (for dual-regulating unit): if there are no
major faults in the governor, when the paddle is switched to automatic operating
status, the auto operation indicator lamp for paddle will be on; when the paddle is
switched to manual operation, the manual operation indicator lamp for paddle will
be on.
◆ 桨叶增/减旋钮（双调节型机组）：现地控制有效时，可以通过操作桨叶增/减旋
钮增大/减少桨叶开度给定值，从而达到调整桨叶开度的目的。桨叶的增减速度
调整范围是 1%/s—15%/s。
◆ Paddle opening increase/decrease knob (for dual-regulating unit): when the local
control is effective, it is able to increase/decrease the paddle opening value by the
paddle opening increase/decrease knob so as to adjust the paddle opening. The
regulating range for increase/decrease speed of paddle is 1%/s – 15%/s.
◆ 功率/开度切换模式旋钮（选配）：此按钮仅在机组并网负载下操作有效，并且功
率故障时，操作旋钮无效。
◆ Power/opening switching knob (optional): this button is valid only when the units are
connected into grid and with loading. When the power is failed, it is invalid to
operate the knob.
◆ 开限增减/减少旋钮（选配）：此按钮仅在现地下操作有效，调速器实验电自动下
调节范围 0-100%，调速器自动态下如出现一些特定故障或调速器为停机等待状
态，此旋钮操作无效。
◆ Opening limit increase/decrease knob (optional): this button is valid only at local
operation. At the auto testing state, the regulating range for speed governor is
0-100%. If some specific faults occur or the governor is at shutdown delay state, it is
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invalid to operate the knob.
8.2.4 电柜面板现地/远方操作对调速器接收命令的定义 Definition of governor receiving

command by local/remote operation of cabinet panel
◆ 现地/远方切换旋钮操作的定义：
◆ Definition for operation of local/remote switching knob:
远方操作指接收来自监控系统指挥命令，现地操作指接受来自电柜（包括机械
柜）、人机界面命令。
Remote operation means to receive the commands from monitoring system; local
operation means to receive command from cabinet (including mechanical cabinet)
and human-machine interface.
◆ 现地/远方操作对监控命令闭锁的定义：
◆ Definition for monitoring commands blocking by local/remote operation:
监控系统下发投切一次调频功能命令、远方增加令、远方减少令、远方频率模
式切换命令、远方开度模式切换命令、远方功率模式切换命令，这些命令仅在
调速器远方操作时有效；
The monitoring system issues the primary frequency control on/off command,
remote increasing command, remote decreasing command, remote frequency mode
switching command, remote opening mode switching command and remote power
mode switching command. These commands are valid only when the governor is at
remote operation.
监控系统下发开机令、停机令、并网令、调相令、锁定投入令、锁定拔出令、
导叶手/自动操作令、桨叶手/自动切换令、主备用切换令，这些命令不受现地/
远方的闭锁，即无论调速器现地操作还是远方操作都有效。
The monitoring system issues startup command, shutdown command,
grid-connecting command, phase modulation command, locking input command,
locking output command, manual/auto operating command for guide vane,
manual/auto switching command for paddle and active/standby switching command.
These commands are not blocked by local/remote operation. That is to say, both
local and remote operation is valid for the governor.
◆ 现地/远方操作对电柜（包括机械柜）、人机界面命令闭锁的定义：
◆ Definition of blocking commands for cabinet (including mechanical cabinet)
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and human-machine interface by local/remote operation:

电柜及人机界面的导叶增加/减少命令、电柜及人机界面的桨叶增加/减少
命令、电柜及人机界面的开限增加/减少命令、人机界面的导叶手/自动命令、
人机界面的桨叶手/自动命令、人机界面的模式切换（频率、开度、功率）命
令、人机界面的水头手/自动命令、这些命令仅在调速器现地操作有效。
Such commands as guide vane increase/decrease command for cabinet and
human-machine interface, paddle increase/decrease command for cabinet and
human-machine interface, opening limit increase/decrease command for cabinet
and human-machine interface, auto/manual operation of guide vane command for
human-machine interface, paddle auto/manual command for human-machine
command, mode switching command (frequency, opening and power) for
human-machine interface and water head auto/manual command for
human-machine interface are only valid for the governor at local operation.
电柜的导叶手/自动命令、电柜的桨叶手/自动命令、电柜的主备用切换命
令、人机界面的 PID 参数修改、人机界面的协联参数修改、人机界面的开机参
数及负载参数修改，这些命令不受现地/远方的闭锁，即无论调速器现地操作
还是远方操作都有效。
Guide vane manual/auto command for cabinet, paddle manual/auto command
for cabinet, active/standby switching command for cabinet, PID parameter
modification for human-machine interface, associated parameter modification for
human-machine interface as well as startup parameter and loading parameter
modification command are not blocked by local/remote operation. That is to say,
both local and remote operation is valid for the governor.
8.3 来自远方操作的指令定义 Definition for the commands from remote operation
调速器处于自动控制状态，调速器才会对监控系统的控制指令做出响应。
When the governor is at the auto control state, it can make response to the control
commands of monitoring system.
 调速器开机令机组各部分工作正常且具备开机条件时，监控系统按照机组
开机流程依次下发各个设备的启动命令，当执行到调速器启动流程时，监控系
统向调速器发出调速器开机令（保持时间不小于 2s），调速器接到指令后，由“停
8-11
机备用态”转为“开机过程态”，满足空载条件，开机流程结束调速器转为“空载
态”。
 Governor startup command: when the components of unit work normally and meet
the startup conditions, the monitoring system issues the startup command to each
device as the starting process of unit. If it is turn for the governor to start, the
monitoring system sends the startup command (maintain the time not less than 2s) to
the governor. When the governor receives the command, it switches from “shutdown
as standby” to “in-startup” so as to meet the no-load condition. After it starts up, the
governor switches to “no-load”.
 调速器停机令运行人员根据调度要求执行机组停止，监控系统依次向各个
设备下发停机令，执行到调速器停机流程时，调速器接停机令转为停机过程，
快速关闭导叶，直至导叶全关。如果调速器接停机令时机组仍处于发电状态，
则调速器将会按照导叶减小缓慢的速率将导叶关闭到空载开度附近，待“机组出
口断路器合闸”消失之后，再将导叶完全关闭。
 Governor shutdown command: the operators stop the unit as dispatching
requirements, and the monitoring system issues the startup command to each device
as the starting process of unit. If it is turn for the speed governor to stop, the
governor converts the shutdown command to the stopping process, closing the guide
vane rapidly till it is closed completely. If the unit is still in generating state while
the governor receives the shutdown command, the governor will close the guide
vane until approaching to the no-load opening according to the decreasing speed of
guide vane. When the “closing unit outlet circuit breaker” disappears, it will close
the guide vane completely.
 调速器增速/减速机组处于空载运行时，为使得机组更快地并入大电网运行，
同期装置将向调速器下发增速/减速指令，此时调速器将根据增速/减速令的信号
连续地开/关导叶，使得机组频率快速地向电网频率接近，以满足并网的需求。
一般情况下，增速/减速引起的调速器频率波动不超过 50±0.5Hz。
 Governor acceleration/deceleration: when the unit is in no-load operation, the
synchronization device will send acceleration/deceleration command to the governor
so that the unit can be connected to large grid more quickly. At this time, the
governor will open/close the guide vane continuously based on
acceleration/deceleration signal so that the unit frequency approaches to grid
8-12
frequency quickly and satisfies the grid-connection requirements. In general, the

frequency fluctuation of governor caused by acceleration/deceleration does not
exceed 50±0.5Hz.
 机组出口断路器合闸同期装置操作完成后，机组出口断路器将被合上，调速
器上的“机组出口断路器合闸”信号同时接通，调速器根据这个信号以及机组频
率和有功功率等信息判断机组进入负载状态。
 Closing unit outlet circuit breaker: after the synchronization devices finishes
operation, the unit outlet circuit breaker will be closed and the “closing unit outlet
circuit breaker” signal on the governor will be connected simultaneously. Then, the
governor will judge the unit into loading state based on the signal and unit frequency
and active power.
 调相运行令调速器处于发电运行态时，监控系统根据电网调度令向调速器发
出“调相运行令”，此时调速器快速将导叶关闭到全关，机组转为调相运行；当
调相运行令消失后，调速器将导叶开启到空载开度附近，恢复发电运行状态。
 "Phase modulation operation" command: when the governor is in generating state,
the monitoring system will give "phase modulation operation" command according
to grid dispatching requirement. At this time, the governor will close the guide vane
until complete closing, and the unit becomes in phasing operation. When the phasing
modulation operation command disappears, the governor will open the guide vane
until approaching to no-load opening, and recover the generation state.
 导叶开度/有功功率增/减命令调速器处于发电运行状态时，监控系统根据
电网调度令向调速器下发增/减命令，调速器根据增/减命令，按照设置的增/
减速率调整机组的导叶开度/有功功率，以满足电网对机组的调整要求。有功
功率/导叶的增/减调节过程中，单一的增或减指令持续时间超过设置值，调速器
认为指令失效，不再响应。调速器有功功率的调节速度和监控系统发出的增/
减令的脉冲长度、周期、占空比均有关联，有功调节过快或过慢时应由双方共
同调节，调速器单方面的调整有时不足以改变调节效果。
 Guide vane opening/active power increase/decrease command: when the governor is
in generation state, the monitoring system will give “increase/decrease command” to
the governor according to grid dispatching requirement. Based on the command and
at the setting increasing/decreasing speed, the governor will adjust the guide vane
opening/active power so as to meet the adjustment requirements for units by the grid.
8-13
During the increasing/decreasing process of active power/guide vane, if the single

increasing/decreasing command lasts for over the setting time, the governor will
regard the command as valid and will not response any more. The adjustment speed
of active power has something to do with the pulse length, period and duty cycle of
increasing/decreasing command from monitoring system. If the active power
regulation is too fast or too slow, both parties shall make regulation together. Only
the governor adjustment is not enough to change the effect.
 紧急停机令机组出现电气事故或者水机事故时，监控系统向调速器下发“紧
急停机令”，紧急停机电磁阀动作，导叶直接关闭。监控系统下发“紧急停机令”
的同时，必须向调速器发出“调速器停机令”，使调速器回到停机等待态。
 Emergency shutdown command: when the units appear electric accidents or turbine
accidents, the monitoring system will issue “emergency shutdown command” to the
governor. Then the electromagnetic valve for emergency shutdown will act and the
guide vane will close directly. When the monitoring system issues “emergency
shutdown command”, it has to send “governor shutdown command” at the same
time so that the governor comes back to shutdown delay state.
 紧急停机复归令机组事故发生后，经过事故原因排查，查明原因后，监控系
统根据故障复归令向调速器发出“紧急停机复归令”，紧急停机阀复归，调速器
恢复正常操作。
 Emergency shutdown resetting command: when the unit appears accidents and after
finding out the accident reasons, the monitoring system will send the “emergency
shutdown resetting command” to the governor based on fault resetting command.
Then the emergency shutdown valve resets and the governor recovers to normal
condition.
※注意：调速器在任何工作状态下，由监控系统启动紧急停机流程或者事故停
机流程的同时，必须向调速器下发停机命令。
※Note: in any working state of governor, the monitoring system starts the
emergency shutdown process or accident shutdown process, and issues
shutdown command to the governor at the same time.
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8.4 调速系统向远方输出的信号定义 Definition of signals from governing system to

remote
◆ 调速器手动信号调速器运行状态处于手动状态，此时调速器不对测频信
号产生响应，监控系统对调速器下发的常规操作指令如“开机令”“停机
令”“增/减负荷令”等指令无效，调速器可以接收监控系统下发的紧急停机操
作指令。
◆ Manual signal of governor: when the governor is at manual state, it will not
make response to frequency measurement signal, the commands such as “startup
command”, “shutdown command” and “increasing/decreasing load command”
from monitoring system to governor is invalid, and the governor can receive the
emergency shutdown operation command from monitoring system.
◆ 调速器自动信号调速器内部自动进行控制运算，并对接收到的指令结合
机组目前的状态进行控制操作及状态信号输出。
◆ Auto signal of governor: the governor makes internal control calculation
automatically, and makes control operation and status signal output based on the
received commands and current state of unit.
◆ 调速器主用信号调速器处于 A 套运行还是 B 套运行。
◆ Active signal of governor: the governor is in the mode of Controller A or
Controller B.
◆ 现地/远方信号调速器处于现地调节还是远方调节
◆ Local/remote signal: the governor is in local adjustment or remote adjustment.
◆ 开度模式调速器的调节目标为导叶开度，调速器开度模式在自
动运行条件下接收增减命令开关导叶。
◆ Opening mode: the target for governor adjustment is the guide vane opening.
The opening mode of governor is to receive increasing or decreasing command
in automatic operation to open or close the guide vane.
◆ 功率模式调速器的调节目标为机组功率，调速器功率模式在自
动运行条件下接收增减命令调节有功功率至功率给定。
◆ Power mode: the target for governor adjustment is the unit power. The power
mode of governor is to receive increasing or decreasing command in automatic
operation to adjust the active power until approaching to the set power.
◆ 频率模式调速器的调节目标为频率给定值，调速器在自动运行条
8-15
件下接收增减命令调节机组频率至频率给定。当机组出口断路器合闸且调
速器处于自动、频率模式运行时，调速器状态处于孤网运行的状态。
◆ Frequency mode: the target for governor adjustment is the set frequency. The
governor receives increasing or decreasing command in automatic operation to
adjust the unit frequency until approaching to the set frequency. When the unit
outlet circuit breaker closes and the governor is in auto and frequency mode, the
governor will be in the isolated network operation.
◆ 一次调频功能投入当调速器处于自动运行，机组出口断路器合闸，一次
调频功能开关投入且调速器处于开度/功率模式运行时，调速器一次调频功
能投入。
◆ Primary frequency control input: when the governor is in auto operation. the unit
outlet circuit breaker closes, the primary frequency control switch is on and the
governor is in opening/power mode, the primary frequency control function for
governor will be activated.
◆ 一次调频动作调速器一次调频功能投入之后，当机组频率越过调频
死区设定值时，调速器开始调整导叶，一次调频动作信号输出，当机组频
率从一次调频动作死区以外回复到正常频率之后，一次调频动作复归。建
议在一次调频动作之后，监控系统的有功功率调节退出；一次调频复归设
定时间之后，再投入监控的有功功率调节功能。
◆ Primary frequency control action: after the primary frequency control of
governor inputs and when the unit frequency exceeds the setting value of
frequency control dead zone, the governor starts adjusting the guide vane and
outputs the action signal of primary frequency control. When the unit frequency
recovers to normal frequency, the primary frequency control resets. It is
recommended to exit the active power adjustment of monitoring system after the
primary frequency control acts, and to activate the active power adjustment after
the primary frequency control resets.
◆ 一般故障调速器内部元件或功能发生故障，但不影响机组的正
常运行，调速器报一般故障信号。调速器报一般故障时，调速器不进行主
用机切换，允许调速器流程顺序执行。
◆ Common failures: if there occurs failures on the internal component of governor
or functions and the failures do not affect the normal operation of units, the
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governor will send signals of common failure. When the governor is in common
failure, the switching between active and standby unit will not made, and it will
execute according to the governor process.
◆ 严重故障调速器的故障使得主用机本身已经无法继续完成自动
控制的任务，主用机报严重故障，备用机替代原主用机成为当前主用机工
作。当调速器双套控制器出现严重故障，此时调速已经无法按照既有的流
程执行对导叶接力器的操作，需要机手动操作停止机组运行或者紧急停机。
◆ Serious failure: the governor is impossible to complete auto control due to the
failures. The active unit makes signal of serious failure, and the standby unit will
replace the active unit to complete works. When the dual-controller of governor
has serious failure, the governor is unable to make operation for guide vane
servomotor according to the existing process, which requires manual operation
to stop unit or make emergency shutdown.
8.5 调速系统日常运行及维护规程 Daily operation and maintenance instructions for

governing system
8.5.1 机组大修后的检查 Inspection of unit after overhaul
1、调速系统电源正常，信号正常。
The power and signal for governing system is normal.
2、调速器人机界面的参数确认。
Confirm the parameters of human-machine interface for governing system.
3、调速器接力器关闭与开启时间与关闭规律应符合调节保证计算要求。
The opening/closing time and closing rule for governor servomotor should meet the regulation
calculation requirements.
4、远方及机旁开（停）机、负荷调整、事故停机等动作正确。
Remote and local startup (shutdown), load adjustment and emergency shutdown are correct.
5、机组频率信号回路和电网频率信号回路熔断器完好并已投入。
The signal circuit fuses for unit frequency and grid frequency are in good condition and have
switched on.
6、锁锭装置动作正常、指示正确。
The locking device operates normally and indicates correctly.
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7、调速系统用油的油质符合要求。
The oil quality for governing system meets the requirements.
8、压力油罐油位及油压信号装置动作正常。
The oil level in the pressure tank and oil-pressure signal device are normal.
9、油泵及阀组工作正常，运行平稳。
Oil pump and valve bank work normally and reliably.
10、急停阀及事故阀动作正常。
Emergency stop valve and emergency valve work normally.
8.5.2 手动开机检查及操作前注意事项 Precautions for manual startup inspection and

before operation
1、开机前应确认机组已具备开机条件；
Make sure the unit is ready for startup;
2、调速器显示手动位置。
The governor is at manual position.
3、在手轮运行过程中，操作人员不得离开操作岗位。
3. During hand wheel operation, the operator should not leave the operating position.
8.5.3 手动开机 Manual startup
1、退出锁定机构。
Exit the locking mechanism.
2、打开主供油阀，观察调速主配旁油压表正常。
Open the main delivery valve, and observe the oil pressure gauge nearby the main distributing
valve is normal.
3、急停阀在复归位置。
The emergency stop valve is at reset position.
4、通过手动操作机构，缓慢调整导叶开度，在开机过程中应注意观察机组转速表，防
止机组过速。
Adjust the guide vane opening slowly by manual operation mechanism. Observe the
revolution meter of unit during starting up to prevent overrunning.
8-18
8.5.4 手动停机 Manual shutdown
1、手动操作机构减机组负荷至空载。
Decrease the unit load to no-load by manual operation mechanism.
2、等待断路器跳开后，手动操作机构关闭导叶至全关。
When the circuit breaker trips off, operate the mechanism by manual to close the guide vane
until full closing.
3、监视机组转速，当机组转速降至规定值时，对机组进行刹车。
Monitor the unit revolution speed. When the revolution speed reduces to specified value,
make braking for the unit.
4、停机后投入锁定。
Apply locking after shutdown.
8.5.4 手动复归急停阀及事故阀的注意事项（重要）Precautions for manual resetting of

emergency stop valve and emergency valve (important)
1、调速器系统在自动态时，必须确认调速器为“停机备用态”。
When the governing system is in auto state, the governor must be in “shutdown as standby”.
2、如调速器不在“停机备用态”，必须保证调速系统为手动状态。
If the governor is not in "shutdown as standby”, the governing system must be in manual
state.
8.5.4 自动开机 Auto startup
1、开机前应确认机组已具备自动开机条件。
Make sure the unit is ready for startup;
2、调速器电气柜工作正常，并没有故障信号。
The electric cabinet of governor works normally and does not send failure signals.
2、调速器面板操作旋钮在“自动”与“远方”位置。
The knob on the governor panel is in “auto” and “remote” position.
3、发出开机令并监视机组自动开机过程。
Give the startup command and monitor the auto starting process of unit.
4、调速器开机完成后，会上报“调速器空载状态”信号
After starting up, the governor will report the “governor no-load status” signal.
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8.5.5 自动停机 Auto shutdown
1、调速器在“自动”状态。
The governor is in auto state.
2、根据监控命令减机组负荷至空载，调速系统等待断开发电机的出口开关并灭磁。
When the loading of unit is reduced to no-loading according to monitoring command, the
governing system will disconnect the outlet switch of the generator and make field discharge.
3、监控发出停机令，监视机组自动停机过程。
The monitoring system issues shutdown command and monitors the auto shutdown process of
unit.
4、停机后投入锁定装置。
Apply the locking device after shutdown.
5、调速器停机完成后，会上报“调速器停机备用”信号
After shutdown, the governor will report “governor shutdown standby” signal.
8.5.5 A/B 机主备用切换 Active/standby switching between Controller A and B
1、确认调速器为正常状态。
Make sure the governor is in normal condition.
2、调速器手动或自动状态都可以进行 A/B 机切换。
Controller A/B switching of governor is available for both manual state and auto state.
3、调速器现地或远方状态都可以进行 A/B 机切换。
Controller A/B switching of governor is available for both local state and remote state.
4、手动操作切换旋钮，假如切换到 B 机，要按住 B 机旋钮 0.2 秒以上。
Operate the switching knob by manual. If it requires switching to B unit, press the knob of
Controller B for over 0.2 s.
5、手动主备用切换后，观察人机界面的参数与导叶开度是否有变化。
After active/standby switching manually, observe the changes of human-machine interface
parameter and guide vane opening.
8.5.6 调速器的手自动切换 Auto/manual switching of governor
1、由手动转到自动时，需确认调速器为正常状态，自动转手动无此要求。
The governor should be in normal state while switching from manual to auto operation.
However, this requirement is not applied for switching from auto to manual operation.
8-20
2、调速器手自动切换在现地与远方都可以进行切换。
Auto/manual switching of governor is available for both local state and remote state.
3、操作手自动旋钮，切换到你想切换的状态。
Operate the auto and manual knob to obtain the desired status.
4、切换过程，请勿频繁快速来回切换，间隔应该大于 0.5 秒以上。
Do not make switching frequently and quickly. The switching interval should be above 0.5 s.
5、切换过后观察导叶开度是否发生变化。
Observe the changes of guide vane opening after switching.
8.5.6 调速器手动态与自动态增减负荷 Increase/decrease load of governor at auto and

manual status
1、通过手动操作机构进行调整，调整时应避免机组有功进相或超负荷运行，避免机组
在震动区运行。
Make adjustment by the manual operation mechanism. Avoid active power into phase or
over-loading operation of units during adjustment, and prevent units operating in
vibration zone.
2、自动时，可根据电站实际运行情况，设定电气开度限制，根据监控增减指令操作。
At the auto status, make settings of opening limit according to the actual operation of power
station, and perform increasing/decreasing operations as the command from monitoring
system.
3、调速器在故障时，自动态有可能开度限制被保护功能下调，有可能无法增负荷的情
况，此时应该先恢复故障，再调高开度限制。
If the governor is failed, the protection function for opening limit may diminish, and the load
may be unable for increasing. At this time, please repair the failure first, and improve the
opening limit later.
4、调速器减负荷到空载减不下去时，一般是由于当前水头与空载开度设置偏差大导致。
If the load decreasing of governor cannot continue to no-loading, there may be great
deviations between current water head and no-loading opening.
8.5.7 调速器及油压装置的巡检与维护 Polling and maintenance for governor and oil

pressure unit
1、现场运行规程应对调速器及油压装置的巡回检查、定期维护项目和要求作出规定。
The field operation standards should make stipulation for the polling inspection, regular
8-21
maintenance items and requirements of governor and oil pressure unit.

2、巡回检查和定期维护工作必须认真执行，并做好记录。
Carry out polling inspection and regular maintenance carefully, and make records accordingly.
3、当油压装置压力油罐手动补气时，应随时观察压力油罐油位和油压，补气未完，
操作人员不得离开现场。
When the pressure oil tank of oil pressure unit requires gas supplement, be sure to observe the
oil level and oil pressure of pressure oil tank at all times. The operator should not leave
until the oil filling is completed.
4、巡检的内容：
Polling items:
（1）各表计信号灯指示正常，开关位置正确，各电气元器件无过热、异味、断线等异
常现象。
All metering signal lamps should indicate normally; the switch position should be correct; all
electrical components should be free from overheating, peculiar smell, disconnection etc.
（2）调速器运行稳定，无异常和振动现象。
The governor should operate stably without exceptions and vibration.
（3）调速器各阀门、管路无渗漏，阀门位置正确。
All valves and pipeline of governor should be free from leakage, and the valve position should
be correct.
（4）调速器各杆件、传动机构工作正常。
All rod pieces and transmission mechanism of governor should be in normal condition.
（5）油压装置油压、油位正常，油温在允许范围内。
The oil pressure and oil level of oil pressure unit should be normal, and the oil temperature is
within allowable range.
（6）各管路、阀门、油位计无漏油、漏气现象，各阀门位置正确。
All pipelines, valves and oil level indicator should be free from leakage, and the valve
position should be correct.
（7）油泵运转正常，无异常震动、无过热现象。
The oil pump should be in normal operation without exceptional vibration or overheating.
（8）自动补气装置完好，油气比例不正常时，应及时补气或放气。
The auto gas supplement device should be in good condition. If the oil-gas percentage is
abnormal, be sure to supplement gas or discharge gas in time.
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5、定期维护：
Regular maintenance:
（1）定期进行调速器自动、手动切换及事故停机电磁阀动作试验，并检查相应动作情
况及指示是否正确。
Make auto/manual switching and electromagnetic valve testing at emergency shutdown for
governor regularly, and check that the corresponding situation and indicating are correct or
not.
（2）定期对滤油器进行切换、清洗。
Replace and clean the oil filter regularly.
（3）定期对油位、油质的检查。
Inspect the oil level and oil quality regularly.
（4）定期对调速器电柜内元件老化情况进行记录。
Record the aging situation of components in the governor cabinet regularly.
8-23
第九章
Chapter 9
调速器维护及故障处理
Speed Governor Maintenance and
Troubleshooting
9-1
调速器维护及故障处理 Speed Governor Maintenance and Troubleshooting
9．调速器维护及故障处理 SPEED GOVERNOR MAINTENANCE AND

TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................................... 4
9.1 概述 General ........................................................................................................................ 4
9.2 机组大修之后的调速器性能测试 Performance Test of Speed Governor after Unit

Overhaul .................................................................................................................................... 5
9.2.1 反馈确认与调整 Feedback Confirmation and Regulating ........................................... 5
9.2.2 模拟试验 Analog Test ................................................................................................... 6
9.3 试验设备 Test Equipment ................................................................................................. 7

9.3.1 概述 General ................................................................................................................. 7
9.3.2 特点 Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 8
9.4 调速器的电气维护 Electrical Maintenance of Speed Governor.................................... 9

9.4.1 概述 General ................................................................................................................. 9
9.4.2 维护工作的开展条件 Conditions for Maintenance Work ........................................... 9
9.4.3 维护的内容 Maintenance Item.................................................................................... 10
9.5 故障处理 Troubleshooting............................................................................................... 10

9.5.1 故障处理条件 Troubleshooting Conditions ............................................................... 10
9.5.2 故障处理 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................... 11
9.5.3 调速器故障等级 Speed Governor Fault Level ........................................................... 11
9.5.4 调速器故障及异常信息表 Speed Governor Fault and Abnormal Information Sheet 13
9.5.5 调速器常见的严重故障和处置办法 Common Serious Faults and Countermeasures
of Speed Governor ................................................................................................................ 16
9.6 维护参数设置及其定义 Maintenance Parameter Setting and Definition ................... 19

9.6.1 调速器基本功能配置的参数 Basic Function Configuration Parameters of Speed
Governor ............................................................................................................................... 19
9.5.2 设置调速器导叶侧控制基本参数 Basic Control Parameters Setting of Speed
Governor at Guide Vane Side................................................................................................ 19
9-2
9.5.3 设置调速器桨叶侧控制基本参数 Basic Control Parameters Setting of Speed

Governor Paddle Side ........................................................................................................... 19
9.5.4 调速器频率给定、功率给定和开度给定参数整定 Adjustment of Frequency Setting,
Power Setting, and Opening Setting of Speed Governor ...................................................... 19
9.5.5 调速器功率模式控制参数设置 Control Parameters Setting of Speed Governor
Power Mode .......................................................................................................................... 19
9.5.6 调速器残压测频、齿盘测频和电网频率测量参数设置 Parameters Setting of
Residual Voltage Frequency Measurement, Chain Ring Frequency Measurement, and
Power Grid Frequency Measurement of Speed Governor .................................................... 19
9.5.7 调速器启停以及工况转换参数设置 Parameters Setting of Speed Governor
Startup/Shutdown and Working Condition Switching .......................................................... 19
9.5.8 模拟量输入和输出通道实时状态监测，模拟量输入通道校准 Real-time State
Monitoring of Analog Quantity Input and Output Channel as well as Calibration .............. 19
of Analog Quantity Input Channel ........................................................................................ 19
9.5.9 调速器 PID 控制参数设置 Parameters Setting of Speed Governor PID Control ...... 19
9.5.10 调速器协联设置 Linkage Setting of Speed Governor ............................................. 19
9.5.11 调速器空载开度和负载限制参数设置 Setting of Speed Governor No-load
Opening and Load Limit Parameters .................................................................................... 19
9-3
9．调速器维护及故障处理 Speed Governor Maintenance and

Troubleshooting
9.1 概述 General
◆ 维护和运行人员必须熟悉调速器相关操作，对发出的调速器的报警和应对措施
都要熟悉。
◆ The maintenance and operation personnel must be familiar with the relevant
operation of the speed governor as well as the governor alarming and
countermeasures.
◆ 维护和运行人员需要具备应对机组事故的丰富经验，且有能力在紧急情况下关
闭导叶。
◆ The maintenance and operation personnel shall be experienced in handling unit

accidents, and be able to close the guide vane under emergencies.
◆ 维护和运行人员必须熟悉在工作现场防止意外事件的措施。
◆ The maintenance and operation personnel must be familiar with the accident-proof
measures at the working site.
紧急情况说明
Descriptions of Emergencies
工作人员必须知道灭火器和紧急出口的位置，并且要会使用灭火器。灭火器分卤素
灭火剂、二氧化碳(CO2) 或泡沫等几种。
Workers must know the location of the fire extinguisher and emergency exit, and how to
use the fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher is divided into halogen fire extinguishing agent,
CO2, and foam, etc.
◆ CO2 灭火器专门用于电气设备的灭火。
◆ The CO2 fire extinguisher is specially used to extinguish fire of electrical equipment.
◆ 泡沫灭火器是专门用于非电器设备的灭火。它们不能用于电气设备的灭火。
9-4
◆ The foam fire extinguisher is specially used for non-electrical equipment fire
extinguishing, and it shall not be used to extinguish the fire of electrical equipments.
◆ 调速系统起火时，首先切断调速系统电源，如有必要就首先动用紧急停机装置，
然后断开系统的所有的电源。
◆ Once the speed governing system is on fire, firstly cut off the power of speed
governing system, startup the emergency shutdown devices if necessary, and then disconnect
all the powers of the system.
当在带电的柜中灭火时，只能使用二氧化碳灭火器，绝不能用泡沫或水！Only the
CO2 fire extinguisher can be used to extinguish the electric cabinet! Foam or water is
never allowed.
9.2 机组大修之后的调速器性能测试 Performance Test of Speed Governor after Unit

Overhaul
注意：机组大修结束之后必须进行模拟试验验证调速器功能，试验条件如下
Notes: Analog test must be carried out after finishing the unit overhauling to verify
the functions of the speed governor, and the test conditions are as below:
1)蜗壳、导叶控制环等处没有人，接力器能开关动作，操作安全；
No irrelevant person nearby the spiral case or guide vane control ring, and the
servomotor shall be able to switch normally and operate safely;
2)安全闸门未吊起，即导叶打开后不至于机组转动起来。
The safety gate is not lifted, that is, the opening of guide vane will not cause unit
operation.
试验的内容简述如下：
The content of the test is described briefly as below:
9.2.1 反馈确认与调整 Feedback Confirmation and Regulating
调整和校验反馈：
Regulating and verification feedback:
9-5
接力器行程反馈调整：固定传感器本体，按照图纸连接传感器接头，滑动传感器的滑块
磁铁，观察传感器的输出信号在 4~20mA，避开传感器的无信号区。导叶全关时，选定
滑块位置，使得滑块运动到此为止时传感器输出信号约为 4.5mA；打开导叶至全开位置，
使得此时的传感器输出信号小于 20mA，固定传感器滑块和拉杆。
Feedback regulating of servomotor travel: fix the sensor body and connect the sensor
connector in accordance with drawing, slide the slider magnet of the sensor, observe whether
the sensor output signal is 4~20mA, and avoid the zero signal zone of the sensor. While the
guide vane is totally closed, select the slider location to make the sensor output signal being
about 4.5mA while the slider moves to the location aforementioned; open the guide vane to
total open location to make the sensor output signal less than 20mA, and then fix the sensor
slider and draw bar.
开关机时间调整：机组大修前后，必须检查记录导叶接力器开关机时间，对照调速器投
运试验报告上的数据，确保导叶接力器开关机时间符合调保计算的要求，不符合调保计
算要求的，必须重新调整导叶接力器开关机时间和机械零点。
Startup/shutdown time regulating: before and after unit overhauling, check and record the
guide vane servomotor startup/shutdown time, compare the data on the speed governor
operation test report, and ensure that the guide vane servomotor startup/shutdown time
complies with regulation & guarantee requirements, and if it fails to comply with the
regulation & guarantee requirements, readjust the guide vane servomotor startup/shutdown
time and mechanical zero.
9.2.2 模拟试验 Analog Test
◆ 准备工作：按照图纸在端子接上模拟的机组频率信号，检查所有参数与投运
报告上参数一致，机组蜗壳、接力器控制环等部位没有其他人员工作。
◆ Preparations: connect the analog unit frequency signal to the terminal in

accordance with drawings; check whether all the parameters are in accordance with the
operation report parameters, and there is no irrelevant personnel nearby the unit spiral case or
servomotor control ring, etc.
9-6
◆ 开始测试：按照调速器现场试验规程的要求完成模拟开机、模拟扰动、模拟
并网、模拟甩负荷和模拟停机的试验，试验结束，恢复所有接线，调速器恢复停机备用
态。
◆ Test beginning: finish analog startup, analog disturbance, analog synchronization,

analog load dump, and analog shutdown test should be completed as required by the speed
governor field test specification, and restore all the line connections after finishing the test,
and restore the speed governor to the shutdown delay state.
9.3 试验设备 Test Equipment
※试验设备不属于调速器设备内，需另外订购。
※The test equipments are beyond the scope of speed governor equipment and therefore
they shall be procured separately.
由能事达电气自主研发的 STDS 型水轮机调速器仿真测试诊断系统能够满足广大水

电厂用户对调速器测试和仿真的要求。该装置采用先进的 DSP 技术，在稳定性、采集速
率(480Mbps)比传统的单片机(9.6Kbps)仿真仪更加优异。强大的 DSP 处理器使数据的采
集和处理游刃有余，USB2.0 的通讯接口极大的提高了数据的采集速度，特别是在测量
甩负荷的不动时间，us 级的采集率更加的提高了准确度。而且，针对当前国内的一次调
频的需要，特别设计了一次调频功能，使得试验更加方便。
The STDS type hydraulic turbine governor simulation test diagnosis system as R&D
independently by NENGSHIDA Electric can satisfy the demands of hydropower stations for
the speed governor test and simulation. This equipment adopts advanced DSP technology
which is better than traditional single chip microcomputer (9.6Kbps) simulator in terms of
stability and collection rate (480Mbps). The strong DSP processor make it easier for data
collection and processing, the communication interface of USB2.0 highly improves data
collection rate, especially at the time of measuring the load dump dead time, and the
collection rate of us level further improves the accuracy rating. Meanwhile, the primary
frequency modulation function is specially designed based on the demand of domestic
primary frequency modulation, making the test more convenient.
9-7
9.3.2 特点 Characteristics
 市面上调速试验设备大多数仅仅具备录波及分析功能，我公司生产的 STDS 型为少

数产品具备仿真功能试验的水轮机调速器仿真设备产品之一。
 Most of the speed governor equipments in the market only have wave recording and
analysis functions, but the STDS type product as produced by us is with the hydraulic
turbine speed governor simulation equipment with simulation function test.
 仿真功能使机组不需要开机的情况下完成开机、空载、负载、停机的各种模拟实验，
也使维护运行人员在机组未开机的状态下就能进行一些故障分析及机组的所需要的
数据。
 The simulation function makes the unit can finish various kinds of simulation tests of
startup, no-load operation, load operation, shutdown without the startup condition and
meanwhile help the maintenance and operation personnel carry out fault analysis and get
the data as required by the unit under the condition when the machine is not started up.
 以新型的数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,简称 DSP)为核心单元组成仿真、

检测与信号处理系统。DSP 技术的应用有效地提高了装置地数据采集与处理能力和
非线性动态仿真地实时性。
 The innovational digital signal processor (DSP) is the core of the simulation, detection
and signal processing system. The application of the DSP technology effectively
improves the data collection and processing capability of the device as well as the
real-time of non-linear dynamic simulation.
◆ 采用通用串口通信总线(Universal Serial Bus V2.0,简称 USB2.0)技术，满足仿真测试

系统快速性的要求，解决检测装置通信速度与信号处理实时性相互制约的矛盾；比
传统的串口快数千倍。
◆ The universal serial bus V2.0 technology (USB2.0) is used to satisfy the fastness
requirements for the simulation test system and eliminate the mutual restriction between
the communication speed of the detection device and signal processing real-time; so it is
faster than traditional serial port for several thousand times.
 非线性仿真计算模型，提高了水轮机调节系统在大波动调节过程中的仿真性能。
 The non-linear simulation calculation model improves the simulation performance of the
9-8
water turbine regulating system in the large fluctuation regulating process.
◆ 采用面向环节的离散相似算法对水轮机调节系统进行仿真程序模块的设计，不仅提
高了仿真计算的精度和实时性，而且还实现了仿真计算中的基本环节组态。
◆ The link-oriented scattering simulation algorithm is used to realize simulation program

module design of the water turbine regulating system, which not only improves the
simulation calculation accuracy and real-time, but also realizes the basic link
configuration in the simulation calculation.
 DSP 系统的仿真仪运行可靠、稳定，不会随周围温度的变化产生漂移、死机等等现
象。
 The simulator of the DSP system operates reliably and stably and it is free of such
defects as drift or dead halt, etc. caused by change of surrounding temperature.
◆ 便携式，重量轻(仅 3.7Kg)，特别适合外出调试和试验。
◆ It is portable and light (only 3.7kg) and suitable for field debugging and test.
9.4 调速器的电气维护 Electrical Maintenance of Speed Governor
设备投入运行后，部分电气元件存在缓慢老化现象，有些情况下可能发生物理损坏
的情况，厂房的振动可能使端子连接处或其他有螺钉连接的地方松动，所以定期检查检
测设备是必须的。
Some electrical elements may age slowly after the equipment is put into operation,
physical damage may also occur under certain conditions, the plant vibration may loosen the
terminal connection or screw connection, so it is necessary to check the detection equipment
regularly.
9.4.2 维护工作的开展条件 Conditions for Maintenance Work
在进行维护工作时，应首先确认维护工作是否具备条件，不同的检查、维护项目在
不同的工作条件下进行。
While carrying out maintenance work, determine firstly whether the maintenance
9-9
conditions are available, and different inspection and maintenance items shall be carried out
under different conditions.
在装置投运的第一年，应严格按维护时间表执行，后期维护时间间隔可根据第一年
的观测情况做调整。如果灰尘积聚很快，则维护间隔应缩短。如果运行环境好，灰尘很
少，则维护的时间间隔可适当延长。
At the first year after the device is put into operation, carry out inspection and
maintenance strictly in accordance with the schedule, and the subsequent maintenance time
interval may be adjusted based on the observation conditions of the first year. If the dust
accumulates fast, the maintenance interval shall be shortened. If the operation environment is
good and the dust is rare, the maintenance time interval may be prolonged appropriately.
9.4.3 维护的内容 Maintenance Item
保持环境清洁,防止灰尘进入调速器。检查风机表面及叶片是否存在严重污垢，风
流是否正常，是否有不正常噪音，因为风机不方便拆开润滑转轴等，噪音明显增大时，
可考虑在下次维护时更换。拆下柜门上空气过滤网并清洗，如果空气过滤很脏，且难以
清洗时，必须更换。
Keep clean environment and avoid dust from entering into the speed governor. Check
the surface and blade of the fan to see whether there is serious dirt, whether the air flow is
normal, and whether there is abnormal noise. Since the lubricating spindle of the fan is
inconvenient to be disconnected, if the noise increases apparently, it may be replaced at the
next maintenance. Remove the air strainer from the cabinet door and clean it, if the strainer is
dirty and hard to be cleaned, it must be replaced.
机械部分维护和保养办法参考本手册第十三章。
Refer to Chapter 13 of this manual for the mechanical part maintenance methods.
9.5 故障处理 Troubleshooting
9.5.1 故障处理条件 Troubleshooting Conditions
故障处理前先阅读安全措施，如果更换装置中器件，则必须切断所有电源及与外界
的电气联接，以保证人身及设备的安全，严禁带电更换其它元件。
9-10
Read carefully the safety measures before troubleshooting. If it is needed to replace the
pieces from the device, cut off all powers and the external electrical connection so as to ensure
personnel and equipment safety, and it is prohibited to replace other live elements.
被更换器件最好由本公司提供，我公司提供的所有备件都已在工厂检测，可以直接
替换原被换件，不必进行跳线及设置等。
It is preferable to use the elements of our company for replacement. All the spare parts as
provided by our company had been detected before coming out of factory and it can directly
replace the original parts without any need to use jumper or other setting, etc.
9.5.2 故障处理 Troubleshooting
在大部分情况下，调速系统的各正常功能都由调速故障监测系统在持续地监测着，
这些功能一旦发生故障，监测系统会发出报警信号，并给出故障信息。相应的故障处理
参见下面的调速系统故障及异常信息表中描述的方法进行。
Under most conditions, each normal function of the speed governing system is
continuously monitored by the monitoring system of the speed governing fault. Once such
functions fail, the monitoring system will send alarming signal and provide fault information.
Refer to the speed governing system faults as well as the methods as described in the
abnormal information sheet for the corresponding fault elimination measures.
9.5.3 调速器故障等级 Speed Governor Fault Level
调速器故障分为一般故障和严重故障，一般故障时“一般故障”指示灯点亮，“调速器
一般故障”信号报至 LCU；严重故障发生时，“严重事故”指示灯点亮，“调速器事故”信
号报至 LCU。
The speed governor fault is divided into common fault and serious fault. Once common
fault occurs, the Common Fault indicator lamp lights up and the Speed Governor Common
Fault signal is sent to LCU; once serious fault occurs, the Serious Accident indicator lamp
lights up and the Speed Governor Accident signal is sent to LCU.
◆ 一般故障水头故障、功率给定故障、功率反馈故障、网频故障、残压测频故障、
齿盘测频故障，发生故障时“一般故障”指示灯亮，“一般故障”继电器动作，人机界
9-11
面显示对应的上述故障信息，调速器的主用状态不发生改变；
◆ The common fault includes water head fault, power setting fault, power feedback fault,
grid frequency fault, residual voltage frequency detection fault, and gear frequency
detection fault; once these faults occur, the Common Fault indicator lamp lights up and
the Common Fault relay acts, and the corresponding fault information is shown in the
human-machine interface, whilst the main function state of the speed governor will not be
changed;
◆ 严重故障测频总故障（残压测频和齿盘测频同时发生故障）、导叶反馈故障、主配
压阀反馈故障、微机控制器故障、液压系统故障，事故指示灯亮，事故继电器动作，
人机界面显示对应的上述故障信息。调速器严重故障将自动进行主备用机切换 (若
两套控制器同时发生事故则控制的主用状态不变，同时调速器切到手动状态运行)。
◆ The serious fault includes total fault of frequency detection (both the residual voltage
frequency detection and gear frequency detection fail at the same time), guide vane
feedback fault, main distributing valve feedback fault, microcomputer controller fault,
hydraulic system fault. Once these faults occur, the accident indicator lamp lights up and
the accident relay acts, and the corresponding fault information is shown in the
human-machine interface. Once the serious fault of the speed governor occurs, the main
machine and standby machine will automatically switch (if two sets of controllers fail
then the main function state of the controller will not change and meanwhile the speed
governor switches into manual operation mode).
9-12
9.5.4 调速器故障及异常信息表 Speed Governor Fault and Abnormal Information Sheet
故障名称故障属性人机界面显示指示灯指示调速器操作

Fault Property HMI display Indicator Speed governor
lamp action
一般故障灯
亮
反馈故障&调速器事故灯亮调速器主备用自动切
接力器反馈故障严重故障事故 Common 换
Servomotor Serious Feedback fault & fault lamp Main and standby
feedback fault fault speed governor lights up speed governors
accident Accident switch automatically
lamp lights
up
一般故障灯
比例阀故障&调速
亮
器事故&液压系统电机无故障时切电机
事故灯亮
比例阀故障严重故障故障主用，否则切手动
Common
Proportional Serious Proportional valve Normal motor is
fault lamp
valve fault fault fault & speed switched on for main
lights up
governor accident & use, otherwise switch
Accident
hydraulic system to manual mode
lamp lights
fault
up
一般故障灯
比例阀无故障时切比
电机故障&调速器亮
例阀主用，否则切手
事故&液压系统故事故灯亮
严重故障障动
电机故障 Common
Serious Normal proportional
Motor fault Motor fault & & fault lamp
fault valve is switched on
speed governor lights up
for main use,
accident & hydraulic Accident
otherwise switch to
system fault lamp lights
manual mode
up
一般故障灯
亮
主配传感器故障& 调速器主备用自动切
主配传感器故障事故灯亮
调速器事故换
严重故障 Common
Main distributing Main distributing Main speed governor
Serious fault lamp
valve sensor valve sensor fault & and standby speed
fault lights up
fault speed governor governor switch
Accident
accident automatically
lamp lights
up
残压机频故障& 一般故障灯调速器主备用自动切
机组频率总故障严重故障
齿盘测频故障&调亮换
Total fault of unit Serious
frequency fault 速器事故事故灯亮 Main speed governor
Residual unit Common and standby speed
9-13
frequency fault & fault lamp governor switch

gear frequency lights up automatically
detection fault & Accident
speed governor lamp lights
accident up
调速器自动关闭导
一般故障灯叶，调速器自动回到
一般故障亮到停机备用态
开机失败开机失败 Speed governor closes
Common Common
Startup failure Startup failure
lamp the
fault guide vane
fault
automatically, and the
lights up
governor restores to
shutdown delay state
故障可自动复归，未
一般故障灯复归之前导叶增减操
增减接点超时一般故障增减接点超时作无效
亮
Increase/decrease Common Increase/decrease Fault may be restored
Common
contact overtime fault contact overtime fault lamp automatically, before
that the guide vane
lights up
increase/decrease
operation is invalid
一般故障灯复归之前取齿盘测频
残压机频故障为机频
一般故障残压机频故障亮
Residual voltage Fault may be restored
Common Residual voltage Common
unit frequency
fault unit frequency fault fault lamp automatically, before
fault that the gear frequency
lights up
detection is taken as
unit frequency
复归之前取残压机频
一般故障灯为机频
齿盘测频故障一般故障齿盘测频故障亮 Fault may be restored
Gear frequency Common Gear frequency Common automatically, before
detection fault fault detection fault fault lamp that the residual
lights up voltage unit frequency
is taken as unit
frequency
一般故障灯复归之前跟踪频率给
电网频率故障一般故障网频故障亮定
Power grid Common Power grid Common Fault may be restored
frequency fault fault frequency fault fault lamp automatically, before
lights up that the frequency
setting will be tracked
自动水头故障一般故障水头传感器故障一般故障灯未复归之前跟踪水头
Automatic water Common Water head sensor 亮人工设置值
head fault fault fault Common Track manual setting
9-14
fault lamp value of water head

lights up before restoration
未复归之前取根据水
开度限制模拟量一般故障灯头运算得到的自动开
故障一般故障开限模拟量故障亮限
Opening limit Common Opening limit Common The water head is used
analog quantity fault analog quantity fault fault lamp to calculate the
fault lights up automatic opening
limit before restoration
功率给定模拟量一般故障灯切至脉冲调节有功功
功率给定模拟量
故障一般故障亮率给定
故障
Power setting Common Common Switch into pulse
Power setting analog
analog quantity fault fault lamp modulation active
quantity fault
fault lights up power setting
一般故障灯
调速器切开度模式
功率反馈故障一般故障功率反馈故障亮
Speed governor
Power feedback Common Power feedback Common
switches into opening
fault fault fault fault lamp
mode
lights up
名称 Item 故障原因排查 Fault causes

1.传感器损坏 Sensor damaged
接力器反馈故障或者主
2.连接电缆断开 Connection cable disconnected
配位置反馈故障
3.反馈装置固定支架与传感器可活动部分连接松脱 Connection
Servomotor feedback
between fixation frame of feedback device and movable part of the
fault or main
sensor loosens
distribution location
feedback fault 4. 反馈信号存在大波动干扰 Feedback signal is available with
high fluctuation disturbance
1.机械执行机构异常 Mechanical actuating element abnormal
比例阀故障 2.比例阀控制信号异常 Control signal of proportional valve
Proportional fault abnormal
3.比例阀阀芯卡涩 Proportional valve plug jam
1. 机械执行机构异常 Mechanical actuating element abnormal
2.电机由于复中电转部分卡阻过载 Motor electrical rotation part
电机故障
jam overload
Motor fault
3.电机编码器或者驱动器连接出错 Motor encoder or drive
connection fault
1.功率给定信号断线 Power setting signal cable disconnected
功率给定故障
2.功率给定信号越过有效范围 Power setting signal beyond effect
Power setting fault
scope
1.功率反馈信号断线 Power feedback signal cable disconnected
功率反馈故障
2.功率反馈值越过有效范围 Power feedback signal value beyond
Power feedback fault
effective scope
自动水头故障 1.水头信号断线 Automatic water head cable disconnected
Automatic water head 2.水头信号反馈值越过有效范围 Water head signal value beyond
fault effective scope
9-15
齿盘测频故障 1. 齿盘探头损坏 Gear probe damaged

Gear frequency
2.齿盘探头信号断线 Gear probe signal cable disconnected
detection fault
1. PT 信号断线 PT signal cable disconnected
残压测频故障
2. 测频整形板损坏 Frequency detection shaping panel damaged
Residual voltage
frequency detection fault 3. 残压信号存在大波动干扰 Residual voltage signal is available
with high fluctuation disturbance
1. PT 信号断线 PT signal cable disconnected
网频故障 2. 测频整形板损坏 Frequency detection shaping panel damaged
Grid frequency fault 3. 网频信号存在大波动干扰 Grid frequency signal is available
with high fluctuation disturbance
1.当前水头设置比实际偏大 Current water head setting is larger
than actual value
2.机组启动开度设置比实际空载开度偏小 Opening setting of
开机失败
unit startup is lower than actual no-load opening degree
Startup failure
3.开机过程中机组残压及齿盘测频回路均故障 Both the residual
voltage and gear frequency detection circuit fail in the startup
process
9.5.5 调速器常见的严重故障和处置办法 Common Serious Faults and Countermeasures

of Speed Governor
注意：严重故障检查均应该在停机状态下检查，如需要操作导叶来检查故障原因的必须
确认机组安全措施已经就绪，不会对检查人员和设备带来伤害。
Notes: serious faults shall be checked under shutdown conditions. If it is needed to

operate the guide vane to check the fault causes, it must be determined that the unit
safety measures are ready and there will be no injury or damage for inspectors and
equipments.
故障现象 Fault 处置办法 Countermeasures
CPU 未运行——微机 1.连接控制软件，以控制软件启动控制器；Connect the control

控制器上的 RUN 灯为 software to control the software to startup the controller;
闪烁状态，其余 IO 模 2.重新写入已经存档的程序，并写入投入运行时的数据，恢复
块上的指示灯为闪烁控制器运行；Re-write the filed program and write in the data
状态或全部熄灭状态 during putting into operation, and restore the controller operation;
CPU not run: the RUN 3.如果以上 1 2 措施不能恢复控制器运行，检查 CPU 与基板的
lamp on the 连接；If the measure 1 and 2 aforementioned cannot restore the
microcomputer controller operation, check the connection between CPU and base
controller is in flash panel;
9-16
state, and the indicator 4. 1 2 3 措施均无效，更换 CPU 模块。Replace CPU module if the
lamps of the rest IO measure 1, 2 and 3 are ineffective.
module are in flash state
or totally not light up
模块配置与实际信号
不符故障 —— 功能模
块上的 RUN 指示灯亮，
同时 ERR 指示灯亮 1.检查连接到模块的信号是否超过了模块通道的容量；Check
Module configuration whether the signal as connected to the module exceeds the capacity
not in accord with actual of the module channel;
signal: RUN indicator 2.实际模块型号与软件中配置的型号不符 Actual module model
lamp on the functional is not in accord with the model as configured in the software.
module lights up and
meanwhile ERR
indicator lamp lights up
测频跳变大 —— 调速
器无测频故障，测得的
机频与实际值比较差 1.以标准的频率信号装置，重新校验测频准确性，如校验过程
值大于 0.05Hz，且有震中测频准确则检查 PT 回路的信号源；Use standard frequency
荡的迹象 signal device to re-verify the accuracy of the detected frequency, if
Large frequency the detected frequency is correct, check the signal source of PT
detection hopping: circuit;
speed governor is free 2.测频校验过程中发现测频仍不准确，首先更换测频用隔离变
of frequency detection 压器，重新校验后无效再更换测频整形版；If the detected
fault, the difference frequency is still not correct, replace the isolation transformer for
between the detected frequency detection purposes, and replace the frequency detection
unit frequency and the shaping panel if it is invalid after re-calibration;
actual value is larger
than 0.05Hz, and
oscillation occurs
1.检查是否存在驱动器或者电机本体温度超过 55℃的情况；
Check whether the drive or motor body exceeds 55℃;
2.检查电液转换器件有无锈蚀，损坏造成的操作卡涩的情况；
电机故障 —— 人机界
Check whether the electro-hydraulic switching element is rusted,
面上报“电机故障” and whether the damage causes operation jamming;
Motor fault: motor fault
3.检查电机驱动器的供电电源是否在工作电压 220V/24V±10%
reported on the
human-machine 以内；Check whether the power for the motor drive is within the
interface working voltage 220V/24V±10%;
4. 按照驱动器液晶面板上的故障代码表确定故障原因；
Determine the fault causes based on the fault code on the drive
LCD panel;
导叶/桨叶接力器抽动 1. 桨叶出现抽动时，切导叶机手动，观察桨叶是否正常，假如
—— 调速器处于自动还出现抽动请按 3、4、5、6 条处理，如已为正常，桨叶抽
运行状态时，导叶/桨叶动原因是跟随导叶协联，桨叶系统为正常，仅需排查导叶系
接力器频繁抽动，造成统。 Once the paddle twitches, switch the paddle into
机组负荷波动大或者 mechanical manual mode to view whether the paddle is normal,
机频波动大 if twitching lasts, please dispose it in accordance with clause 3,
9-17
Guide vane/paddle 4, 5 and 6; if it is normal, the paddle twitching is due to the

servomotor twitch: linkage with guide vane, the paddle is normal and it is only
while the speed required to check the guide vane system.
governor is under 2. 导叶出现抽动现象，导叶切机手动运行，观察机组频率值，
automatic operation 机组频率跳变值<0.05Hz 为正常，大于跳变值请检查测频系
mode, the guide 统。The guide vane twitches, switch the guide vane into
vane/paddle servomotor mechanical manual operation mode to observe the unit
twitch frequently, frequency value, if the frequency hopping <0.05Hz, it is
causing large load normal; otherwise it is needed to check the frequency detection
fluctuation of the unit or system.
large fluctuation of unit
3. 导/桨叶切机手动，观察导/桨叶开度值是否有大波动，跳变
frequency
数值<0.20%为正常值。如跳变大于正常值，请检查传感器
屏蔽线是否已经接地或存在干扰信号，检查传感器是否松
动。Switch the guide vane/paddle into mechanical manual
mode to observe whether there is large fluctuation in the guide
vane/paddle opening, and it is deemed as normal if the jump
change <0.20%; otherwise it is needed to check whether the
sensor shielded cable is grounded or available with disturbance
signal, and check whether the sensor is loose.
4. 导/桨叶切机手动，观察导/桨叶主配中接开度值是否有大波
动，跳变数值<0.30%为正常值。如跳变大于正常值，请检
查传感器屏蔽线是否已经接地或存在干扰信号，检查传感器
是否松动。Switch the guide vane/paddle into mechanical
manual mode to observe whether there is large fluctuation in
the guide vane/paddle’s main distribution opening degree, and
it is deemed as normal if the jump change <0.30%; otherwise it
is needed to check whether the sensor shielded cable is
grounded or available with disturbance signal, and check
whether the sensor is loose.
5. 导/桨叶切机手动，观察导/桨叶主配中位显示值是否为零点
值，如不为零点值请重新校核主配中位零点。如比例阀为放
大板控制，则重新调节放大板电气零点。Switch the guide
vane/paddle into mechanical manual mode to observe whether
the main distribution neutral position display value of the guide
vane/paddle is zero value, if not, please re-check the main
distribution neutral position zero point. If the proportional
valve is controlled by the amplifier board, re-check the
electrical zero point of the amplifier board.
6. 导/桨叶切机手动，观察机械漂移，10min 内导/桨叶开度值，
漂移量<0.5%为正常值。如超过正常值，请重新调整机械零
点。Switch the guide vane/paddle into mechanical manual
mode to observe the mechanical drift and the opening value of
the guide vane/paddle within 10min, and it is deemed as
normal if the drift <0.5%; otherwise it is needed to re-adjust the
mechanical zero point.
9-18
9-19
第十章
Chapter 10
调速器通讯
Governor Communication
10-1
调速器通讯 Governor Communication
10. MGC3000 系列调速器通讯 MGC3000 SERIES GOVERNOR

COMMUNICATION ................................................................................... 3
10.1 MGC3000 系列调速器 A/B 机之间通讯 Controller A/B Communication of
MGC3000 Series Governor ........................................................................................... 3
10.2 MGC3000 系列调速器控制器与人机界面之间通讯 Communication between
Controller and Human-machine Interface for MGC3000 Series Governor................... 4
10.3 MGC3000 系列调速器与 LCU 之间通讯 Communication between MGC3000
Series Governor and LCU .............................................................................................. 5
10.4 通讯故障的排查 Communication Troubleshooting.............................................. 5
10.5 与 LCU 通讯对点表 Point-to-point Table for communication with LCU ............ 7
10-2
10. MGC3000 系列调速器通讯 MGC3000 Series Governor
Communication
MGC3000 系列调速器通过以太网的方式与其它设备之间实现连接和数
据交换，一般调速器在整个通讯网络中均作为从站，根据主站下发的读写代码要
求向主站的做出回应。
MGC3000 series governor establishes connection and data exchange with other
devices through Ethernet. In general, the governor is deemed as the slave station in
the overall communication network and makes response according to the
requirements of read/write code issued from master station.
Controller
To monitoring
system bus
Touch screen
Network connection methods
图 10.1.1 通讯连接
Figure 10.1.1 Communication Connection
10.1 MGC3000 系列调速器 A/B 机之间通讯 Controller A/B Communication of

MGC3000 Series Governor
A/B 机通过以太网交换机的网线直接通讯，其特点：
Controller A/ B makes direct communication through the cable of Ethernet exchanger.
It possesses features as following:
 通讯速度快普通的串口等通讯一般可达 15.2kbps,以太网轻松达到
10Mbps。
10-3
 Fast communication: the communication for common serial port is 15.2 kbps,
and Ethernet communication is up to 10Mbps.
 调试方便调试实验只需要网线做为编程电缆，可直接连接两套控制器。
 Convenient debugging: the debugging test requires the networks cables as
programming cable only, which can be connected with two controllers directly.
 连接灵活控制器 CPU 多余出的串口可与其它非以太网设备通讯。
 Flexible connection: the excessive serial port of controller CPU can
communicate with other non-Ethernet devices.

10.2 MGC3000 系列调速器控制器与人机界面之间通讯 Communication between

Controller and Human-machine Interface for MGC3000 Series Governor
控制器与人机界面通讯通过以太网交换机的网线直接通讯，其特点：
Controller and human-machine interface makes direct communication through
the network cable of Ethernet exchanger. It possesses features as following:
 通讯速度快普通的串口等通讯一般可达 15.2kbps,以太网轻松达到
10Mbps。
 Fast communication: the communication for common serial port is 15.2 kbps,
and Ethernet communication is up to 10Mbps.
 连接方便普通的串口等需要 A/B 机都提供一个串口连接，不但占 CPU
串口，还占用人机界面自身的两个串口。
 Convenient connection: the common serial port requires a serial connector for
Controller A/B individually, which not only occupies the CPU serial port but also
uses the two serial ports equipped on the human-machine interface.
 维护方便更换线路只需要网线。
 Convenient maintenance: it only requires replacing network cables for circuit
replacement.
 可靠性能串口通讯线路易受干扰，维护时焊接头易脱落，网线没这方
面缺点。
 Strong reliability: the communication of serial port is easy for disturbance, and
10-4
the welded connection is easy to fall off in maintenance. However, the network
cable does not have defects of this respect.
10.3 MGC3000 系列调速器与 LCU 之间通讯 Communication between MGC3000

Series Governor and LCU
 我公司 MGC3000 系列调速器内部全部采用以太网通讯（少数特殊调速器除

外），调速器对外通讯提供以太网端口；如监控有以太网通讯，建议采用以
太网通讯，如监控不支持以太网协议，我公司的 MGC3000 系列调速器另外
提供串口 Modbus RTU 通讯口。
 Our MGC3000 series governor adopts Ethernet communication inside (except
some special governors), and provides Ethernet port for external communication.
If there is Ethernet for communication, it is recommended to use Ethernet; if the
monitoring doesn’t support the Etherenet protocol, our MGC3000 series governor
also provides serial port Modbus RTU for communication.
 以太网及串口具体的选择及设置参数在设计联络会上确认。
 The specific selection and parameter settings for Ethernet and serial port will be
determined in the design liaison meeting.
10.4 通讯故障的排查 Communication Troubleshooting
 检查通讯链路的物理连接有无故障，尤其是接头有无误接、松脱；
 Make sure the physical connection of communication link is fault free, especially
the connection does not have error or become loose;
 检查端口的通讯参数设置是否正确，包括地址（站号）、通讯速率、数据位、
停止位；
 Make sure the communication parameter settings are correct, including address
(station number), communication rate, data bit and stop bit;
 检查设备是否被错误重启，且没有完全完成重启之后又被断电重启；
 Make sure the device has not been restarted by mistakes and the device is not
powered off and restarted if it does not complete restart absolutely;
10-5
 利用端口通讯状态指示灯判断故障，观察 ETH STS 指示灯或者 Rx Tx 等信

号收发指示灯是否按照设备硬件说明书上的状态点亮。
 Judge the fault by the communication status indicator lamp of port, observe that
whether the ETH STS indicator lamp or Rx Tx signal indicator lamp is on at the
status specified in equipment hardware instruction.
10-6
10.5 与 LCU 通讯对点表 Point-to-point Table for communication with LCU
调速器通讯点表
Communication Point Table for Governor
模拟量
Analog Value
地址变量名当量对应关系
Address Variable Name Equivalent Correspondence
%MW300 频率给定 4500～5000 对应 45.00～55.00Hz
%MW300 Frequency set 4500-5000 corresponds to 45.00-55.00Hz
%MW301 开度给定 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW301 Opening set 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
%MW302 功率给定 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00MW
%MW302 Power set 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00MW
%MW303 机组频率 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00Hz
%MW303 Unit frequency 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00Hz
%MW304 残压机频 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00Hz
Unit frequency with

%MW304 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00Hz
residual voltage
%MW305 齿盘机频 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00Hz
%MW305 Unit frequency of gear 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00Hz
%MW306 电网频率 4500～5000 对应 45.00～55.00Hz
%MW306 Grid frequency 4500-5000 corresponds to 45.00-55.00Hz
%MW307 机组有功功率 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00MW
%MW307 Active power of unit 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00MW
%MW308 开度限制 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW308 Opening limits 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
10-7
%MW309 运行水头 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00 米
%MW309 Operating water head 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00 m
%MW310 导叶开度 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW310 Guide vane opening 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
%MW311 导叶自动控制给定 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
Auto control of guide vane

%MW311 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
set
%MW312 备用模拟量 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW312 Reserve analog quantity 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
%MW313 备用模拟量 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW314 导叶主配位置 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
Main distributing valve

%MW314 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
position of guide vane
%MW315 备用模拟量 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW316 空载开度 0～10000 对应于 0～100.00%
%MW316 No-load opening 0-10000 corresponds to 0-100.00%
%MW317 当前 Bp 0～10 对应于 0～10%
%MW317 Current Bp 0-10 corresponds to 0-10%
%MW318 当前 Bt 0～200 对应于 0～200%
%MW318 Current Bt 0-200 corresponds to 0-200%
%MW319 当前 Td 0～200 对应于 0～20.0s
%MW319 Current Td 0-200 corresponds to 0-20.0s
%MW320 当前 Tn 0～100 对应于 0～10.0s
%MW320 Current Tn 0-100 corresponds to 0-10.0s
10-8
开关量
Switch Quantity
地址变量名地址变量名
Address Variable Name Address Variable Name
%MW340:bit0 开机过程 %MW343:bit0 机组频率故障
%MW340:bit0 Startup process %MW343:bit0 Unit frequency failed
%MW340:bit1 空载过程 %MW343:bit1 导叶电机故障
%MW340:bit1 No-load process %MW343:bit1 Motor of guide vane failed
%MW340:bit2 负载过程 %MW343:bit2 桨叶电机故障
%MW340:bit2 Load process %MW343:bit2 Motor of paddle failed
%MW340:bit3 停机过程 %MW343:bit3 导叶比例阀故障
Proportional valve of
%MW340:bit3 Shutdown process %MW343:bit3
guide vane failed
%MW340:bit4 停机等待 %MW343:bit4 桨叶比例阀故障
Proportional valve of
%MW340:bit4 Shutdown delay %MW343:bit4
paddle failed
%MW340:bit5 发电调相运行 %MW343:bit5 导叶侧大故障
Phasing operation in Major fault at guide vane

%MW340:bit5 %MW343:bit5
generation side
%MW340:bit6 频率模式 %MW343:bit6 桨叶侧大故障
%MW340:bit6 Frequency mode %MW343:bit6 Major fault at paddle side
%MW340:bit7 开度模式 %MW343:bit7 调速器事故
%MW340:bit7 Opening mode %MW343:bit7 Governor failed
%MW340:bit8 功率模式 %MW343:bit8 开机失败
%MW340:bit8 Power mode %MW343:bit8 Startup failed
%MW340:bit9 一次调频投入 %MW343:bit9 与从机 PLC 通讯故障
10-9
Primary frequency Communication with

modulation input slave PLC failed
%MW340:bit10 导叶电机控制 %MW343:bit10 与 LCU 通讯故障
Motor control for guide Communication with LCU

vane failed
%MW340:bit11 导叶比例阀控制 %MW343:bit11
Proportional valve control

for guide vane
%MW340:bit12 备用 %MW343:bit12
%MW340:bit12 Standby %MW343:bit12
%MW340:bit13 桨叶比例阀控制 %MW343:bit13
Proportional valve control

for paddle
%MW340:bit14 泵工况运行 %MW343:bit14
Pump operation at the

operating condition
%MW340:bit15 快速发电指令 %MW343:bit15
Quick generation
instruction
%MW341:bit0 导叶自动运行 %MW344:bit0 远方增减接点超时
Auto operation of guide Remote increase/decrease

vane of contacts timeout
%MW341:bit1 导叶电手动运行 %MW344:bit1 导叶接力器反馈故障
Manual electrical operation Guide vane servomotor

of guide vane feedback failed
%MW341:bit2 主变零升 %MW344:bit2 导叶主配位置反馈故障
10-10
Main distributing valve

Main transformer rising
%MW341:bit2 %MW344:bit2 position of guide vane
from zero
feedback failed
%MW341:bit3 导叶手动运行 %MW344:bit3 机组有功功率故障
Manual operation of guide Active power of unit

vane failed
%MW341:bit4 孤网状态运行 %MW344:bit4 水头传感器 1 故障
%MW341:bit4 Isolated network operation %MW344:bit4 Head sensor 1 failed
%MW341:bit5 本机处于主用 %MW344:bit5 水头传感器 2 故障
%MW341:bit5 Local is in operation %MW344:bit5 Head sensor 2 failed
%MW341:bit6 机组仿真功能启动 %MW344:bit6 开度限制模拟量故障
Simulation function of unit Simulator for opening

activated limit failed
%MW341:bit7 备用 %MW344:bit7 残压机频故障
Unit frequency with

%MW341:bit7 Standby %MW344:bit7
residual pressure failed
%MW341:bit8 备用 %MW344:bit8 有功给定模拟量故障
%MW341:bit8 Standby %MW344:bit8 Active set analog failed
%MW341:bit9 一次调频动作 %MW344:bit9 电网频率故障
Primary frequency
%MW341:bit9 %MW344:bit9 Grid frequency failed
modulation action
%MW341:bit10 桨叶手动运行 %MW344:bit10 齿盘探头 1 故障
%MW341:bit10 Manual operation of paddle %MW344:bit10 Gear probe 1 failed
%MW341:bit11 人工设置水头有效 %MW344:bit11 齿盘探头 2 故障
Manual setting of water

%MW341:bit11 %MW344:bit11 Gear probe 2 failed
head in effect
10-11
%MW341:bit12 自动水头有效 %MW344:bit12 备用
%MW341:bit12 Auto water head in effect %MW344:bit12 Standby
%MW341:bit13 断路器合闸信号 %MW344:bit13 备用
Closing signal of circuit

%MW341:bit13 %MW344:bit13 Standby
breaker
%MW341:bit14 导叶侧电机主用 %MW344:bit14
Motor mains at guide vane

side
%MW341:bit15 桨叶侧电机主用 %MW344:bit15
%MW341:bit15 Motor mains at paddle side %MW344:bit15
10-12
第十一章
Chapter 11
硬件手册-控制器
Hardware Manual -
Controller
11-1
硬件手册-控制器 Hardware Manual - Controller
11. 控制器 CONTROLLER ......................................................................................... 3
11.1. 概述 General .................................................................................................................... 3
11.2 控制器电源模块 Power Module of Controller ............................................................... 4
11.3 控制器 CPU 模块 CPU Module of Controller ................................................................ 4
11.4 控制器数字量输入模块 Digital Input Module of Controller ........................................ 6
11.5 控制器数字量输出模块 Digital Output Module of Controller ..................................... 8
11.6 控制器模拟量输入模块 Analog Input Module of Controller ..................................... 10
11.7 控制器模拟量输出模块 Analog Output Module of Controller................................... 11
11.8 控制器高速计数模块 High-speed Counting Module of Controller ............................ 12
11-2
11. 控制器 Controller
11.1. 概述 General
 本章介绍我公司使用的微机控制器硬件特点与接线原理。
 This chapter introduces hardware features and connection principles of
micro-controller used by our company.
 我公司 MGC4000 系列调速器微机控制器主要采用施耐德 PLC M340 与贝加莱
PCC2005，这两款是在调速器中应用广泛、成熟、高效能的微机控制器。
 Our micro-controller for MGC4000 series speed governors mainly employs
Schneider PLC M340 and BampR PCC2005, both of which are the mature and
high-performance micro-computer controllers that have widely applied in the
governors.
 M340、PCC2005 都有各自优势，根据电站机组具体参数结合实际投运经验，计
算出每款控制器的配置参数，以下为两款控制器在调速器应用中模块经典配置。
 Both M340 and PCC2005 have their respective advantages. Based on the specific
parameters of units in the power station and combining the actual operation
experiences, the configuration parameters for each controller are calculated. The
followings are the classic module configurations of two controllers for the governor
application.
※注意：本章用于产品硬件介绍，不应理解为具体项目产品的实际性能，不应理解为产品的具体模
块数。因此，不同项目产品之间会存在一些差异，应当以实际产品为准。
※Note: This chapter is for introducing the product hardware, neither for the actual performance of
specific project products nor for specific number of product modules. Therefore, there will be some
differences between different project products and in this case the actual products shall prevail.
施耐德 M340 控制器的系统配置：

System configuration of M340 controller from Schneider:
模块参数描述
模块 Module 型号 Type
Description of Module Parameter
电源模块 24VDC 输入，负载能力 32W
BMXCPS 3020
Power module 24VDC input, 32W load capacity
CPU 模块 BMX P34 2020 带 USB、Modbus、Ethernet TCP/IP 端口
11-3
CPU module With USB, Modbus, Ethernet TCP/IP port

数字量输入 16 点输入 24VDC，正逻辑
BMX DDI 1602
Digital quantityinput 16-point inputs 24VDC, positive logic
16 点输出 24VDC 晶体管，正逻辑
数字量输出
BMX DDO 1602 16-point outputs 24VDC transistor, positive
Digital quantityoutput
logic
模拟量输入 8 路输入
BMX AMI 0810
Analog quantity input 8-way input
模拟量输出 4 路输出
BMX AMO 0410
Analog quantity output 4-way output
高速计数模块
2 通道高速计数
High-speed counting BMX EHC 0200
2-channel high-speed counting
module
11.2 控制器电源模块 Power Module of Controller
M340 BMX CPS 3020 电源模块，包含的组件有一个 LED 显示面板、一个 RESET

按钮、一组报警继电器连接器(2 针端子排)和一组输入电源连接器（5 针端子排）。
The M340 BMX CPS 3020 power module is consisted of one LED panel, one RESET
button, one set of alarm relay connector (2-pin terminal block) and one set of power input
connector (5-pin terminal block).
电源端子排分配如下：
The power terminal block is arranged as following:
24V or 48V
network
Alarm relay
Protective
grounding
11.3 控制器 CPU 模块 CPU Module of Controller
M340 BMX P34 2020 处理器包含组件有显示面板、USB 端口、存储卡保护口、RJ45
11-4
串行口、串行口识别环（黑色）、RJ45 以太网端口、以太网端口识别环。BMX P34 2020

处理器支持通过 Modbus 和以太网连接进行通讯。
M340 BMX P34 2020 processor includes such components as display panel, USB port,
memory card guard, RJ45 serial port, serial port ring (black), RJ Ethernet port and Ethernet
port ring. BMX P34 2020 processor provides communication through Modbus and Ethernet.
RJ45 串行口引脚分配如下：
Pin assignment for RJ45 serial port is shown as following:
端子号端子名
Terminal Terminal
No. Name
1 RXD
2 TXD
3 RTS
4 D1
5 D0
6 CTS
7 5VDC
8 GND
RJ45 以太网引脚分配如下：
Pin assignment for RJ45 Ethernet is shown as following:
11-5
端子号端子名
Terminal Terminal
No. Name
1 TD+
2 TD-
3 RD+
未连接
4 Not
connected
未连接
5 Not
connected
6 RD-
未连接
7 Not
connected
未连接
8 Not
connected
11.4 控制器数字量输入模块 Digital Input Module of Controller
M340 BMX DDI 1602 模块是一个通过 20 针端子排连接的 24VDC 离散量输入模

块。它是一个正逻辑（或漏极）模块：它的 16 路输入通道从传感器接收电流。
M340 BMX DDI 1602 module is a 24VDC discrete input module connected by 20-pin
terminal block. It is a positive logic (or drain) module: 16-way input channel receives current
from sensor.
11-6
下图显示直流输入的电路图（正逻辑）：
The following is the DC input circuit (positive logic):
Fuse Sensor power and voltage monitoring
Sensor
Input % I (O..n)
Entry
Module
图 12.4-1 直流输入电路图
Figure 12.4-1 DC Input Circuit Diagram
模块与传感器之间的连接显示如下：
Connection between the module and sensor is as following:
11-7
Fuse
电源 Power: +24VDC
熔断器 Fuse: 0.5A quick-break fuse 速断熔断器
图 12.4-2 模块与传感器之间的连接图
Figure 12.4-2 Connection Diagram between Module and Sensor
注：数字量输入信号的具体定义详见电气图纸。
Note: detailed definition of digital input signal refers to electrical drawing.
图 11.4-4 端子连接原理表
Figure 11.4-4 Terminal Connection Diagram
11.5 控制器数字量输出模块 Digital Output Module of Controller
M340 BMX DDO 1602 是模块是一个通过 20 针端子排连接的 24VDC 离散量输出模

块。它是一个正逻辑（或漏极）模块：它的 16 路输出通道向预执行器提供电流。
M340 BMX DDO 1602 module is a 24VDC discrete output module connected by 20-pin
11-8
terminal block. It is a positive logic (or drain) module: 16-way output channel provides
current to pre-actuator.
下图显示直流输出的电路图（正逻辑）：
The following is the DC output circuit (positive logic):
Output
Command
Error
图 12.5-1 直流输出电路图
Figure 12.5-1 DC Output Circuit Diagram
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Pre-actuator
Fuse
11-9
电源 Power: +24VDC
熔断器 Fuse: 0.5A quick-break fuse 速断熔断器
图 12.5-2 模块与预执行器之间的连接
Figure 12.5-2 Connection Diagram between Module and Pre-actuator
注：数字量输出信号的具体定义详见电气图纸。
Note: detailed definition of digital output signal refers to electrical drawing.
11.6 控制器模拟量输入模块 Analog Input Module of Controller
BMX AMI 0810 模块是一种高电平、快速 8 路输入工业测量设备，其 8 路输入可以

设置，具体如下：
BMX AMI 0810 module is an 8-way input industrial measurement device with high
level and speed. Its 8-way input can be set as following:
 电压范围+/-10V，0-10V，0-5V，1-5V，+/-5V
 Voltage range: +/-10V，0-10V，0-5V，1-5V，+/-5V
 电流范围 0-20mA，4-20mA，+/-20mA
 Current range: 0-20mA，4-20mA，+/-20mA
该模块在电压输入下工作。该模块包含 8 个读取电阻器，这些电阻器与端子排连接
以执行电流输入。
This module operates with voltage input. It contains 8 reading resistors, which are
connected with terminal block for current input.
端子引脚图如下：
The terminal pins are shown as following:
11-10
VIx：通道 x 的正极输入 COMx：通道 x 的负极输入 IIx：电流读取电阻器正极输入

VIx：positive input of channel x; COMx：negative input of channel x; IIx：positive input of current-reading
resistor
图 11.6-1 端子引脚分配图
Figure 11.6-1 Terminal Pin Assignment
11.7 控制器模拟量输出模块 Analog Output Module of Controller
BMX AMO 0410 是具有四路相互隔离的模拟量输出的模块。该模块对每路输出提

供如下范围：
BMX AMO 0410 module possesses four-way analog outputs with independent isolation.
The module provides output for each way as following:
 电压范围+/-10V
 Voltage range: +/-10V
 电流范围 0-20mA/4-20mA
 Current range: 0-20mA/4-20mA
端子引脚分配如下：
11-11
The terminal pin assignment is shown as following:
IVx：通道 x 的正极输入，COM 0Vx：通道 x 的负极输入，ICx：电流读取电阻器正极输入

IVx：positive input of channel x; COM 0Vx：negative input of channel x; ICx：positive input of
current-reading resistor
图 11.7-1 AMO 0410 模块端子引脚分配图
Figure 11.7-1 Terminal Pin Assignment of AMO 0410 Module
11.8 控制器高速计数模块 High-speed Counting Module of Controller
M340 BMX EHC 0200 模块具有 2 通道计数，可以对最大 60KHz 的脉冲进行计数。

2 组 16 针端子排用于连接计数器 0/1 传感器，1 组 10 针端子排用于连接辅助输出和传感
器电源。
M340 BMX EHC 0200 module provides 2-channel counting, which can count 60 KHz
pulse at most. 2 sets of 16-pin terminal block are connected to 0/1 sensor of counter, and 1 set
of 10-pin terminal block is connected to auxiliary output and sensor power.
下图显示用于输入 IN_A 和 IN_B 的传感器以及用于输入 IN_EN 和 IN_SYNC 的设
备：
The following is the sensor for inputting IN_A and IN_B and the device for inputting
IN_EN and IN_SYNC.
11-12
1：IN_A 输入
1: IN_A input
2：IN_B 输入
2: IN_B input
3：IN_SYNC 输入
3: IN_SYNC input
4：IN_A 输入
4: IN_A input
图 11.9-1 端子连接传感器图
Figure 11.9-1 Connection Diagram between Terminal and Sensor
下图显示电源和执行器到 10 针连接器的连接：
The connection between power/actuator and 10-pin connector is shown as following:
1：24V 电源，用于执行器 2：24V 电源，用于传感器

3：计数器通道 0 的 Q0 输出 4：计数器通道 0 的 Q1 输出
5：计数器通道 1 的 Q0 输出 6：计数器通道 1 的 Q1 输出
1: 24V power supply for actuator 2: 24V power supply for sensor
3: Q0 output for counter channel 0 4: Q1 output for counter channel 0
5: Q0 output for counter channel 1 6: Q1 output for counter channel 1
11-13
图 11.9-2 连接输出和输出电源图
Figure 11.9-2 Connection Diagram between Output and Output Power Supply
11-14

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MGC3000 系列水轮机调速器

MGC3000 Series Turbine Speed Governor

1.1 手册的内容 .................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 手册的用途 .................................................................................................................... 3

1.3 手册的使用范围 ............................................................................................................ 3

Scope of Application ................................................................................................................. 3

1.4 手册章节 ........................................................................................................................ 4

1.5 重要提示 ........................................................................................................................ 6

Important Notice ....................................................................................................................... 6

1.6 制造商地址 .................................................................................................................... 6

Manufacturer's Address: .......................................................................................................... 6

and customized panels, etc.

Basic Principle & Equipment

BASIC PRINCIPLE & EQUIPMENT FEATURES OF SPEED GOVERNOR .............. 4

2.1 调速系统原理介绍 .............................................................................................................. 4

Introduction to the working principle of speed governing system ....................................... 4

2.2 MGC3000 系列调速器概述 ................................................................................................ 6

Overview of MGC3000 series speed governors ...................................................................... 6

2.3 MGC 系列调速器的选型说明............................................................................................ 7

Type selection of MGC series speed governors ...................................................................... 7

2.4 MGC 系列调速器的性能参数............................................................................................ 7

Performance parameters for MGC series speed governors .................................................. 7

2.5 调速器电气原理概述 ........................................................................................................ 10

Overview of electrical principle for speed governor ............................................................ 10

2.6 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统...................................................................................... 14

Power system of MGC3000 series speed governors ............................................................. 14

Power system features of MGC3000 series speed governors ................................................... 14

2.7 MGC3000 系列调速器双微机控制器冗余...................................................................... 16

Dual-microcomputer controller redundancy of MGC3000 series speed governors ......... 16

2.8 MGC3000 系列调速器的通讯接口.................................................................................. 17

Communication ports for MGC3000 series speed governors ............................................. 17

Basic Principle & Equipment Features of Speed Governor

Introduction to the working principle of speed governing system

2.2 MGC3000 系列调速器概述

Overview of MGC3000 series speed governors

2.3 MGC 系列调速器的选型说明

Type selection of MGC series speed governors

示例：NSD-MGC4004PS-S150/6.3 M340 双控制器比例阀+伺服电机双调节型调速器

2.4 MGC 系列调速器的性能参数

Performance parameters for MGC series speed governors

2.4.1 MGC 系列调速器的主要技术参数

Main technical parameters for MGC series speed governors

◆ Regulator cubicle power consumption 1.5KVA @ AC240V，1.5kW@DC110V

◆ 比例增益 Kp 可调节范围 0~20.0

2.4.2 MGC 系列调速器的基本功能

Basic functions of MGC series speed governors

Overview of electrical principle for speed governor

◆ 调速器供电 采用 AC240V 和 DC110V 共同供电的方式保证可靠性，电源经

动的齿盘测速装置②取自机端 PT③取自系统 PT。

2.6 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统

Power system of MGC3000 series speed governors

2.6.1 MGC3000 系列调速器电源系统特点

Power system features of MGC3000 series speed governors

2.6.2 MGC3000 系列调速器的急停回路电源

为保证紧急停机阀的动作可靠性，输入柜内的直流 110V 电源直接为调速器紧急停

2.7 MGC3000 系列调速器双微机控制器冗余

Dual-microcomputer controller redundancy of MGC3000 series speed governors

2.7.1 MGC3000 系列双微机控制器冗余特点

◆ 调速器供电采用 AC240V 和 DC110V 共同供电的方式保证可靠性，电源经

微机(PLC)调节器电/机转换装置机械液压系统