Chapter 1

Stone bladed axe & irrigation system 6000 bc – 3000 bc

Pyramids of Egypt 3000 bc – 600 bc

Roadbuilding by Romans 600 bc – 400 ad

Production of paper and gunpowder 100 ad – 1600 ad

Steam engines, spinning and weaving 1601 ad – 1799 ad

machinery

Cars & household appliances Modern times

 The production of more food for fast growing world population;
 The elimination of air and water pollution;
Engineers provide solutions to many  Solid waste disposal and materials recycling;
 The reduction of noise in various forms;
difficulties faced by mankind. The  Supplying the increasing demand for energy;
following is a list of problem concerns.  Suppying the increasing demand for mobility;
 Preventing and solving crimes; and
 Meeting the increasing demand for communication facilities.
 Research
 Design and development
 Testing
 Manufacturing
 Construction
List the 10 functions of an engineer.  Sales
 Consulting
 Government
 Teaching
 Management
The engineer is engaged in the process of learning about nature and
Research codyfing this knowledge into usable theories.
The engineer undertakes the activity of turning a product concept to a
Design & Development finished phisical item.
The engineer works in a unit where new products or parts are tested for
Testing working ability.
In charge of production personnel or assumes responsibility for the product.
Manufacturing
The construction engineer (civil engr) is directly in charge of construction
Construction personnel or may have resposibility for the quality of the construction
process.
The engineer assists the company’s customer to meet their needs, especially
Sales those that require technical expertise.
 The engineer works as a consultant of any individual or organization
Consulting requiring his service
The engineer may find employment in the government performing any
government various task in regulating, monitoring & controlling the activities of various
institutions, public or private.
The engineer gets employment in a school and is assigned as a teacher of
Teaching engineering courses.
The engineer is assinged to manage groups of people performing specific
Management tasks.
 Level one – minimal engineering jobs like retailing firms.
 Level two – moderate degree of engg jobs like transportation
Engineer in Various types of
companies.
organiztion  Level three – high degree of engineering jobs like in construction
firms.
Refers to the activity combining technical knowledge with the ability to
Engineering management organize and coordinate worker power, materials, machinery and money.
To lead the group into producing a certain output consistent with the
Main resposnsibility on an engineer required specifications.
manager
The top position for an engineer manager
Presidency or general managership
The higher an engr manager goes up the less technical activities to perform
True and more management tasks to accept.
The creative problem-solving process of planning, organizing, leading and
Management controlling an organization’s resources to achieve its missions and objectives
 A bachelor’s degree in engineering from a reputable school ( in
some cases a master’s degree);
Requirements for the engineer
 A few years experience in pure engineering job.
manager’s job  Training in supervision
 Special training in eng’g management
 Ability
Kreitner indicates at least three pre-  Motivation to manage
conditions for becomming a successful  Opportunity

engr manager
The capacity of engineer manager to achieve organizational objectives
Managerial ability effectively and efficiently.
According to higgins, “whether the objectives are accomplished.”
Effectiveness
Relative amount of resources used in obtaining effectiveness
Efficiency
Additional:

1. Why are engineers considered an important segment of society?

- Engineers have contributed a major part/role to the development of the civilization.
2. What are expected of engineers in general?
 - Engineers must have technical skills and knowledge in order to be competent and effective in the
field of engineering.
3. How many organizations be classified according to the engineering jobs performed?
- There are three types of organization: levels one, two and three
4. What is engineering management?
- Engineering management refers to the combination of technical knowledge and ability to organize
and coordinate worker power, materials, machinery and money.
5. How may one define management?
- Creative problem solving-process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an organizations
resources to achieve its mission and objectives.
6. How may one become a successful engr manager?
- A successful engineering manager career is achieved if a certain pre-conditions are met. These pre
conditions are dependent on the engineer manager’s ability to manage, motivation and opportunity.

Chapter 2

Good decision making
Decision making according to nickels
and others
Rational decision making according to
David H. Holt is a process or steps:
Provide the right environment for continuous growth and success.
‘ is the heart of all management functions.’
 Diagnose, problem
 Analyze environment
 Articulate problem or opportunity
 Develop viable alternatives
 Evaluate alternatives
 Make a choice
 Implement decision
 Evaluate and adapt decision results.

Proper evaluation Makes choosing the right decision less difficult.

Value of alternatives Refers to benefits that can be expected.

Cost of the alternative Refers to the out-of-pocket costs, opportunity costs, follow-on costs...

Risks characteristics Refers to the likelihood of achieving the goals of the alternatives.
 Particular should be made to identify all significant consequences of each
Webber
choice

Those who will involved in the implementation must understand and accept
Aldag and stearns
the solution

Control and feedback Mechanisms to ensure results and to provide information for future decisions.

Ferrel and hirt If goal was not achieved “further analysis is necessary”.

 Inventory models
 Queuing theory
 Network models
 Forecasting
Quantitative models for decision
 Regression analysis
making
 Simulation
 Linear programming
 Sampling theory
 Statistical decision theory

These are models where large complex tasks are broken into smaller
Network models
segments that can be managed independently

The collection of past and currentinformation to make predictions about the

Forecasting
future.

A forecasting method that examines the association between two or more

Regression analysis
variables.

Simple regression One independent variable is involved.

Multiple regression Two or more independent variables are involved.

A model constructed to represent reality, conclusions about real life problems

Simulation
can be used.

A quantitative technique that is used to produce an optimum solution within

Linear programming
the bound iposed by costraints upon the decision.
 A quantitative technique where samples of populations are statistically
Sampling theory
determined to be used for a number of processes

Rational way to conceptualize, analyze, and solved problems on situations

Decision theory
involving limited or partial information about the decision environment.

Additional:

1. THE PROCESS OF IDENTIFYING AND CHOOSING ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION IN A MANNER APPRORIATE TO THE
DEMANDS OF THE SITUATION. - DECISION-MAKING

2.EXIST WHEN THERE IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ACTUAL SITUATION AND A DESIRED SITUATION. - PROBLEM

3.WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVE OF ENVIROMENTAL ANALYSIS? - TO IDENTIFY THE CONSTRAINTS, WHICH MAY BE SPELLED
out AS EITHER internal OR EXTERNAL LIMITATIONs.

4. THE HIGHER THE MANAGEMENT LEVEL IS, THE BIGGER AND THE MORE COMPLICATED DECISION-MAKING MAY
BECOME…. TRUE

5. THIS TERM REFERS TO EVALUATIONS OF ALTERNATIVES USING INTUITION AND SUBJECTIVE JUDGEMENT.

QUALITATIVE EVALUATION

6. THIS TERM REFERS TO EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES USING ANY TECHNIQUE IN A GROUP CLASSIFIED AS RATIONAL
AND ANALYTICAL.

--QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION

7. THIS IS ONE THAT DESCRIBES HOW TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SERVICE UNITS THAT WILL MINIMIZE BOTH
COSTUMERS WAITING TIME AND COST OF SERVICE.

----QUEUING THEORY

8.THIS CONSISTS OF SEVERAL TYPES ALL DESIGNED TO HELP THE ENGINEER MANAGER MAKE DECISIONS REGARDING
INVENTORY.

---INVENTORY MODELS

9.IT REFERS TO THE PROCESS OF SELECTING AMONG ALTERNATIVE REPRESENTING POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS TO A
PROBLEM. (CHOICE-MAKING)
10.IT REFERS TO CARRYING OUT THE DECISION SO THAT THE OBJECTIVE SOUGHT WILL BE ACHIEVED.
(IMPLEMENTATION)

11.REFERS TO THE PROCESS WHICH REQUIRE CHECKING AT EACH STATE OF THE PROCESS TO ASSURE THAT THE
ALTERNATIVE GENERATED, THE CRITERIA USED IN EVALUATION, AND THE SOLUTION SELECTED FOR IMPLEMENTATION
ARE IN KEEPING WITH THE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ORIGINALLY SPECIFIED. (FEEDBACK)

12.IT REFERS TO ACTION MADE TO ENSURE THAT ACTIVITIES PERFORMED MATCH THE DESIRED ACTIVITIES OR GOALS,
THAT HAVE BEEN SET. (CONTROL)

13 & 14.WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT?

ANSWER: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL

________________ REFERS TO ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES WITHIN A FIRM THAT SURROUNDS DECISION-MAKING.

ANSWER: INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

________________ REFERS TO VARIABLES THAT ARE OUTSIDE THE ORGANIZATION AND NOT TYPICALLY WITHIN THE
SHORT-RUN CONTROL OF TOP MANAGEMENT.

ANSWER: EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT