Chemistry-M SC

SYLLABUS
FOR
M. Sc. CHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
School of Physical Sciences
MIZORAM UNIVERSITY
AIZAWL- 796004
(Updated 2018)
1
M. Sc. (CHEMISTRY)
M. Sc. First Year
Credit
Type of Total Marks
S/N
Course Code Name of course distribution

course Credits (scaled)
L T P
I SEMESTER (22 Credits)
1 CHEM/1/FC/01 Basics of Analytical Chemistry FC 2 0 0 2 100
2 CHEM/1/FC/02 Basics of Inorganic Chemistry FC 2 0 0 2 100
3 CHEM/1/CC/01 Analytical Chemistry CC 1 1 0 2 100
4 CHEM/1/CC/02 Organic Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100
5 CHEM/1/CC/03 Physical Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100
Quantum Chemistry and

6 CHEM/1/CC/04 CC 3 1 0 4 100
Bonding theory
7 CHEM/1/CC/05 Laboratory work-I (organic) CC 0 0 6 6 100
Credit
Type of Total Marks
S/N

L T P
II SEMESTER (22 Credits)

Basics of Green Chemistry
8 CHEM/2/FC/03 FC 2 0 0 2 100
and Polymer Science
9 CHEM/2/FC/04 Group Theory FC 2 0 0 2 100
10 CHEM/2/CC/06 Environmental Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100
11 CHEM/2/CC/07 Inorganic Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100
12 CHEM/2/CC/08 Molecular Spectroscopy CC 3 1 0 4 100
13 CHEM/2/OE/01 Open Elective-I CC 2 0 0 2 100
14 CHEM/2/CC/09 Laboratory work-II (Inorganic) CC 0 0 6 6 100
2
M.Sc. Final Year
Credit
Type of Total Marks
S/N

L T P
III SEMESTER (22 Credits)
15 CHEM/3/CC/10 Biological Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100
16 CHEM/3/CC/11 Materials Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100
17 CHEM/3/SC/01 Soft Course-I SC 3 1 0 4 100
18 CHEM/3/SC/02 Soft Course-II SC 3 1 0 4 100
19 CHEM/3/OE/02 Open Elective-II OE 2 0 0 2 100
20 CHEM/3/CC/12 Laboratory work-III (Physical) CC 0 0 6 6 100
Credit
Type of Total Marks
S/N

L T P
IV SEMESTER (22 Credits)
21 CHEM/4/CC/13 Instrumentation Techniques CC 2 1 0 3 100

Theoretical and Computational
22 CHEM/4/CC/14 Chemistry CC 1 1 0 2 100
23 CHEM/4/SC/03 Soft Course-III SC 3 1 0 4 100
24 CHEM/4/SC/04 Soft Course-IV SC 3 1 0 4 100
Laboratory work-IV (Nuclear &

25 CHEM/4/CC/15 CC 0 0 2 2 100
Environmental Chemistry)
26 CHEM/4/CC/16 Project Work in Chemistry CC 0 0 7 7 100
3
Specialization Courses I & II (for III Semester)
(One of the following specializations to be selected)
(A) – Analytical Chemistry (I) – Inorganic Chemistry

(O) – Organic Chemistry (P)-Physical Chemistry
1. Analytical Chemistry Specialization

CHEM/3/SC/01 (A): Spectrochemical Analysis
CHEM/3/SC/02 (A): Microanalytical Techniques
2. Inorganic Chemistry Specialization

CHEM/3/SC/01 (I) : Special Topics in Inorganic Chemistry-I
CHEM/3/SC/02 (I) : Bio-Inorganic Chemistry
3. Organic Chemistry Specialization
CHEM/3/SC/01 (O): Reaction Mechanisms and
Stereochemistry
CHEM/3/SC/02 (O) : Application of Molecular Spectroscopy to
Organic Compounds
4. Physical Chemistry specialization
CHEM/3/SC/01 (P): Chemical Kinetics
CHEM/3/SC/02 (P) : Nuclear Chemistry
Specialization Courses – III & IV (for IV Semester)
(One of the following groups as per specialization to be selected)
1. Analytical Chemistry Specialization

CHEM/4/SC/03 (A): Separation Techniques
CHEM/4/SC/04 (A) : Electroanalytical Methods
2. Inorganic Chemistry Specialization
CHEM/4/SC/03 (I): Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry
CHEM/4/SC/04 (I) : Special Topics in Inorganic Chemistry-II
3. Organic Chemistry Specialization
CHEM/4/SC/03 (O): Selected Topics in Organic Chemistry
CHEM/4/SC/04 (O) : Reagents and Organic Synthesis
4. Physical Chemistry Specialization

CHEM/4/SC/03 (P): Photochemistry
CHEM/4/SC/04 (P) : Physical Methods in Chemistry
4
Open Elective Courses
Group A (II Semester) Group B (III Semester)

CHEM/3/OE/02(i): Science of Aging and Its
CHEM/2/OE/01(i) : Chemistry in Life
Prevention
CHEM/2/OE/01(ii): Medicinal Chemistry CHEM/2/OE/01(iii):Trace Analysis
CHEM/2/OE/01(iii): Applied Radiation CHEM/3/OE/02(iii):Analytical Techniques in
Chemistry Chemical Analysis
5
FIRST SEMESTER
CHEM/1/FC/01: Basics of Analytical Chemistry
Marks [Scaled]: 100 (End Semester Exam:60% + Internal: 40%) Credit distribution: 2-0-0
Objectives: To introduce the basic concepts of quantitative and qualitative analytical methods,
maintenance of lab. as well as various analytical tools and application of analytical
data.
Unit 1. Chemical analysis, classification of analytical methods, methods selection, techniques of

sampling of gases, fluids, solids & particulates. Steps in a quantitative analysis, quantitative
range (bisparticle classification), data organization, analytical validations, limit of detection
and limit of quantitation. Tools of analytical chemistry and good lab.practices (GLP).
Unit 2. Systematic and random errors, accuracy and precision, normal error curve and its
equation, propagation of error, useful statistical test: test of significance, the F-test, student
‘t’ test, chi-test, correlation coefficient, confidence limit of the mean, comparison of two
standard values, comparison of standard deviation with average deviation, comparison of
mean with true values, significant figures, regression analysis (least square method for linear
plots), statistics of sampling and evaluation of detection limit. Correlation Coefficient and
Coefficient of determination.
Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Familiarize the classifications, data organizations, quantitative and qualitative analytical
methods.
2. Maintain the good lab. practice and various tools of analytical chemistry.
3. Understand the errors, accuracy, precision, statistical tests, standard deviation, significant
figures, mean and true values.
4. Understand regression analysis and statistics of sampling
Recommended Texts:
1. G.D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, 5th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York (2004).
2. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West, F.J. Holler, S.R. Crouch, Analytical Chemistry- An introduction, 7th
Ed., Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, London (2003).
3. D. C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th Ed.,WH Freeman (2001).
Additional Recommended Books:

1. J.W. Robinson, Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, 5th Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York
(1995).
6
CHEM/1/FC/02: Basics of Inorganic Chemistry
Objectives: To impart the knowledge of chemical bonding and molecular structures of ionic
solids, HSAB and fundamentals of coordination chemistry.
Unit 1. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structures: Ionic bond, Covalent bond, Coordinate
bond, Metallic bond, Hydrogen bond, Structures of solids- Types of crystals, Packing, Radius
ratio, Crystal structures, Lattice energy, Lattice defects; Basic ideas of powder XRD, Single
crystal diffraction. Phase transition and types of phase transition. Detection of Phase
transition by thermal methods; Basic idea of Magnetism in inorganic materials.
Acid-Base: Acid and base concept, Hard and soft acid and bases (HSAB), Non-aqueous
solvents.
Unit 2. Fundamentals of Coordination Chemistry: Metal ions, Ligands, Complex ions,

Coordination number, Werner’s coordination theory. Chelate effect. Isomerism, VBT (Inner
and Outer Orbital complex), Shortcomings of VBT, Stability of complex ions, Irving
William series. Chemistry of Living System: Role of inorganic ions in biological systems,
Structural and functional aspect of hemoglobin and myoglobin; Zinc containing metallo-
enzymes (Carbonic anhydrase and Carboxypeptidase).
1. Understand the various types of chemical bonds involved in solids and identify the types of
structures involved in ionic solids.
2. Learn the rudimentary aspects of PXRD, phase transitions in solids.
3. Explore the basics of different magnetic phenomena in inorganic solid materials
4. Understand the basic principles of HSAB
5. Predict the structure and stability of the coordination compounds
6. Understanding of roles of metal ion and coordination complexes in the function of
biological systems
Recommended Texts:
1. Shriver and Atkin’s Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Ed. Oxford (2010)
2. B. Douglas, D. Mc Daniel & J. Alexander, Concepts and models of inorganic chemistry, 3rd
Ed. J. Wiley (2007).
3. F. A. Cotton, G.Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 6th Ed., Wiley & Sons, New
York (2006)
7
4. A.R. West. Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications, John Wiley and Sons, Singapore
(2006).

1. B. R. Puri, L.R. Sharma and K.C. Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, 32 nd Ed.
Milestone publishers, India (2015).
2. D. E. Fenton, Biocoordination Chemistry, (1997) Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford
University Press.
3. L.V. Azaroff, Introduction to Solids, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi (1990).
8
CHEM/1/CC/01: Analytical Chemistry
Objectives: To learn about automation and automated devices, concepts of equilibrium,

techmiques about chromatographic separation and determination of stoichiometry
of complexes.
Unit 1. Automation and process control: Automation in analytical chemistry, Automatic and
automated devices, continuous and discrete analyzers, Auto analyzers (single channel
and multi-channel), online analyzers, non-destructive auto-analyzers. Automated process
control.
Unit 2.Concept of Equilibrium: Solvents and solutions, general treatment of equilibria in

aqueous medium involving monoprotic weak acid and weak base, and salts of weak
acids and weak bases. Activity and concentration, effect of electrolytes on chemical
equilibria, calculation of pH, construction of titration curves from charge balance and
mass balance equations. Complexation equilibria and complexometric titrations.Redox
equilibria and redox titration, theory of redox indicators.Precipitation reaction and
precipitation titrations.Theory of indicators in precipitation titration.
Unit 3. Spectrophotometric Determination of Stoichiometry of Complexes: Job’s method of

continuous variation, Mole ratio and slope ratio analysis, advantages and limitations
with typical examples. Measurement of Equilibrium constant (Scatchart Plot).
Unit 4. Chromatographic Separation Methods: General principle of solid-liquid, liquid-liquid

and gas chromatography, retention, resolution and separation factor, plate concept, Van
Deemter equation, chromatographic column and detector characteristics.
1. Understand automatic and automated devices and also about the various analyzers.
2. Know about the Job’s method of continuous variation, Scatchart plot.
3. Apply the concepts of equilibrium in the handling of acids-bases, PH etc.
4. Understand the principles of solid- liquid, liquid-liquid and gas chromatographic
techniques and to learn some detector characteristics.
9
Recommended Texts:
1. H.Willard, L.Merritt, J.A. Dean & F.A. Settle, Instrumental Method of Analysis, 7thEd.CBS
(2006).
2. G. D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, 5th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York (2004).
3. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West, F.J. Holler, S.R. Crouch, Analytical Chemistry- An introduction, 7th
Ed., Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, London (2003).
1. J.H. Kennedy, Analytical Chemistry: Principles, 2nd Ed., Saunders Holt, London (2004).
2. D. C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th Ed.,WH Freeman (2001).
10
CHEM/1/CC/02: Organic Chemistry
Objective: To impart the knowledge about aromaticity, c structure-reactivity relationships,

stereochemical concepts and various substitution reactions of organic compounds.
Unit 1. Stability of aromaticity: Stability of Aromatic compounds.Benzenoid and Non-

benzenoid systems. Aromatic ions. Brief explanation of non-aromaticity and anti-
aromaticity of annulenes – structures and NMR shifts with respect to protons (inside and
outside the monocyclic ring).
Unit2. Re-capitulation of the generation, stability and reactivity: carbocations, carbanions, free
radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes.
Stereochemistry: Concept of chirality, enantiomers, meso-compounds, disstereoisomers

and diastereoisomerism in acyclic and cyclic systems. Regioselectivity, stereo-specificity
and stereoselectivity: Stereochemical aspects of Addition of halogen polar reagents to
alkenes.Conformational analysis and effect of conformation on the reactivity of acyclic
and cyclic (cyclohexane & decalins and their derivatives) systems.
Unit 3. Nuleophilic Substitution:

(i) Saturated Carbon: Mechanism and stereo chemistry of SN1, SN2,SNi and SN2
reactions. The reactivity effects of substrate structure, leaving group and solvent
effects, competition between SN1 and SN2 mechanisms.
(ii) Aromatic: The Aromatic SN1, SN2 and benzyne mechanisms, Reactivity- effect of
substrate structure, Leaving group and attacking nucleophile.
Unit 4. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: The Arenium ion mechanism, orientation and
reactivity in monosubstitutedbenzene rings, ortho/para ratio,ipso substitution.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
1. Developed good understanding about aromaticity
2. Understand the structure-reactivity relationships of substituted organic compounds.
3. Stereochemical concepts of organic isomers and conformational effects on acyclic and
cyclic structures.
4. Understand nucleophilic substitution reactions in acyclic and cyclic structures as well as
electrophilic substitution reactions of aromatic compounds.
5. Explain the orientations and mechanisms of mono substituted
11
Recommended Texts:
1. M.B. Smith & Jerry March, March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry, 5th Ed., John Wiley&
Sons, New York (2010).
2. Peter Sykes, A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, 6th Ed., Orient Longman
Ltd., New Delhi (2001).
3. P.S. Kalsi, Organic Reactions and Their Mechanisms, 1st Ed., New Age International Pub.,
New Delhi (2003).
1. Wamser and Harris, Fundamentals of Organic Reaction Mechanisms, J. Wiley (2007).
2. T.H. Lowry and K.S. Richardson, Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry, 3rd Ed.,
Wesley Longman Inc. (IS Edition) (2001).
3. R.T. Morrison and R.N. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 6th Ed., Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi
(2008).
12
CHEM/1/CC/03: Physical Chemistry
Marks[Scaled]: 100 (End Semester Exam:60% + Internal: 40%) Credit distribution: 2-1-0
Objective: To impart knowledge about corrosion and their electrochemical and kinetic,
mathematical relations for different types kinetic reactions, surface phenomenon
and significance of thermodynamics.
Unit 1. Electrochemistry and Corrosion: Metal/Electrolyte interface: OHP and IHP, potential
profile across double layer region, potential difference across electrified interface; Structure
of the double layer: Helmholtz-Perrin, Gouy-Chapman, and Stern models. Butler-Volmer
equation under near equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions, Exchange current
density,Tafel plot. Polarizable and non-polarizable interfaces.
Scope and economics of corrosion, causes and types of corrosion, electrochemical theories of
corrosion.Kinetics of corrosion (corrosion current and corrosion potential).Corrosion
measurements (weight loss and polarization methods), units of corrosion rate, passivity and
its breakdown, corrosion prevention (electrochemical, inhibitor, and coating methods).
Unit2. Chemical Kinetics: Composite Reactions: Types of composite mechanisms, rate

equations for composite mechanisms, simultaneous and consecutive reactions, steady state
treatment, rate-determining steps, microscopic reversibility and detailed balance, dynamic
chain (H2-Br2 reaction, decomposition of ethane and acetaldehyde) and oscillatory reactions
(Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction), branching chain: H2-O2 reaction.
Unit 3. Catalysis: Catalytic activity at surfaces (volcano curve), surface area determination (BET
equation), transition state theory of surface reactions, rates of chemisorption and desorption,
unimolecular and bimolecular surface reactions, comparison of homogeneous and
heterogeneous reaction rates, surface heterogeneity, lateral interaction.
Unit 4. Thermodynamics: Partial molar properties and their significance. Fugacity: Concept and
determination.Properties of ideal solutions; Non-ideal systems-deviations (negative and
positive) from ideal behavior. Excess functions for non-ideal solutions, calculations of partial
molar quantities, determination of partial molar volume and partial molar enthalpy.
1. Fulfill the causes, types and mechanism of corrosion and their electrochemical and
kinetic theories.
2. Acquire the knowledge about the corrosion measurements and preventions.
3. Establish the mathematical relations for different types kinetic reactions.
4. Understand the surface phenomenon.
5. Understand the concepts, behavior and significance of thermodynamics.
13
Recommended Texts:
6. J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Modern Electrochemistry, Vol.2A& 2B, Second Ed.,
Plenum Press, New York (2006).
7. Mars G. Fontana, Corrosion Engineering, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company,
New York (2007).
3. K.J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, 3rdEd., Harper & Row, New York (2001).
4. P.W. Atkins & J. de Paula, Physical Chemistry, 8th Ed., Oxford University Press, New
York(2009).

1. I.N. Levine, Physical Chemistry, 5th Ed., Tata-McGraw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi(2009).
2. D.A.McQuarrie& D. Simon, Physical chemistry, Viva Books (2007).
3. P. Atkins, J. de Paula & R. Friedman, Quanta, Matter, and Change, Oxford University
Press(2009)
14
CHEM/1/CC/04: Quantum Chemistry and Chemical Binding
Marks [Scaled]: 100 (End Semester Exam: 60% + Internal: 40%) Credit distribution: 3-1-0
Objective: To acquire knowledge of the quantum mechanical concepts of atomic structure and
use of various theories for describing the molecular structures.
reactivity and their applications in molecular spectroscopy and inorganic chemistry.

Unit 1. Postulates and theorems of quantum mechanics: Properties of Wave function,
Eigenvalues and Eigen-functions, Hermitian Operator, Postulates, Stationary sates.
Unit 2. The Schrodinger Equation and its solution: The particle-in-a-box. Rigid Rotor,
Harmonic Oscillator and Hydrogen atom. The variation Theorem: Ritz variation
principle. Atomic Structure: Many electron wave functions. Pauli Exclusion Principle.
Helium atom, The self-consistent field method. Slater-type orbitals.
Unit 3. Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Angular Momentum: Commutation rules and their
physical significance, Eigen values and Eigen functions of Orbital and spin momenta (L2,
Lz, S2 and Sz) of electrons; raising and lowering operators, Coupled and uncoupled
representations, Coupling schemes of angular momenta
Unit 4. Molecular Structure: Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Valence Bond Theory.

Molecular orbital treatment for H2+. MO treatment of homo-and hetero nuclear diatomic
molecules. Huckel MO treatment of simple and conjugated polyenes (Cyclo butadiene).
Alternant hydrocarbons.
1. Know the concept of properties of wave functions, operators and postulates.
2. Understand Schrodinger equation and rigid rotor and atomic structures for many
electron wave functions.
3. Describe the Mathematical concepts of interpreting (angular) orbitals
4. Use various theories for describing the molecular structures.
Recommended Texts:
1. P. Atkins& R. Friedman, Molecular Quantum Mechanics, 4thEdn.,Oxford University
Press(2009)
2. I. N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 5th Ed., Pearson Educ., Inc. New Delhi (2010).
3. D. A. McQuarrie, Quantum Chemistry, 2nd Edition, University Science Books (2009).

1. P. Atkins, J. de Paula & R. Friedman, Quanta, Matter, and Change, Oxford University
Press(2009)
2. A. K. Chandra, Introductory Quantum Chemistry, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
(2006).
15
CHEM/1/CC/05: LABORATORY WORK – I
(ORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
Objective: To acquire knowledge of laboratory techniques for synthesis and characterization, separation
and extraction of organic compounds.
Practical – A
1. Separation techniques of organic compounds and their spectroscopic identifications.

2. Experiment involving the separation and purification of organic compounds from a
mixture, using chromatographic techniques, Chlorophyll extraction, isolation and
Spectroscopic identification.
Practical – B
1. Organic preparations: At least eight preparations (involving two or more than two
steps) involving the following representative reactions:
i) Esterification and saponification
ii) Oxidation (peracid, chromic acid, Mn(VII)
iii) Hydride reduction of hydrogenation
iv) Nucleophilic substitution
v) Cycloaddition reaction
vi) Grignard reaction
vii) Condensation reaction
viii) Preparation of dyes
ix) Aromatic electrophilic substitution
x) Simple heterocylic system synthesis
8. Extraction of Natural products: any one (solasodine, caffeine, nicotine, piperine, rosine,
anthocyanins, carotenoids)
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Have the concepts of separation/identifications/purification of organic compounds
2. Synthesize various organic compounds
3. Acquire the knowledge of extraction from natural products for caffeine and caroteniods
16
Recommended Texts:
1. Raj K. Bansal, Laboratory Manual of Organic Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Wiley-Eastern

Ltd(1994).
2. R.G. Brewster and W.E. McWedon, Unitized Experimental Organic Chemistry, 4th Ed.,
East-West Press (1977).
3. A.I. Vogel, Practical Organic Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Longman Group Ltd (1996).
1. A.O. Fitton and R.K. Smallery, Practical Heterocyclic Chemistry (1968).

2. R.L. Shriner, Reynold C. Fuson, Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds, 5th Ed.,
John Wiley & Sons Inc (1964).
Note: Experiments may be added / deleted subject to the

Availability of facilities
17
SECOND SEMESTER
CHEM/2/FC/03: Basics of Green Chemistry and Polymer Science
Objectives: To impart the knowledge of reactivity and mechanisms of various types of

polymerization processes. To emphasize green chemistry approach in the prevention
of waste and designing and development of biodegradable products.
Unit 1. Introduction, Classification of Polymers & Intermolecular forces of Polymers.

Mechanism and kinetics of polymerization: radical, cationic, anionic and condensation
polymerization. Copolymerization, Reactivity Ratios; Thermodynamic Aspects of
Polymerization. Mechanism of Living Radical Polymerizations: Nitroxide mediated
polymerization (NMP), Metal-catalyzed Living Radical Polymerization, Reversible
Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Radical Polymerization. Coordination
polymerization, Ring opening polymerization, Types of polymerization process.
Unit 2. Green chemistry: History, need, and goals. Green chemistry and sustainability,
dimensions of sustainability, limitations/obstacles in pursuit of the goals of green
chemistry. Opportunities for the next generation of materials designers to create a safer
future.
Principles of Green Chemistry: Prevention of waste/byproducts, atom economy,

minimization of hazardless, safer chemicals, selection of appropriate auxiliary
substances (solvents, separation agents) energy requirements for reactions (microwave,
ultrasonic energy), use of renewable starting materials, avoidance of unnecessary
derivatization, use of catalytic reagents (wherever possible) in preference to
stoichiometric reagents, designing biodegradable products, development of accurate
and reliable sensors and monitors for real time in process monitoring.
1. Differentiate between Environmental Chemistry and Green Chemistry and its relation to
sustainability.
2. Understand the importance of designing chemical synthesis through the minimization of
hazardous chemicals.
3. Understand the importance of green chemistry in manufacturing industries on a large
scale for the prevention of waste.
4. Know the types of polymerizations and co-polymerizations.
5. Understand the reactivity and mechanisms of various types of polymerization processes.
18
Recommended Texts:
1. F. W. Billmayer, Jr., Text Book of Polymer Science, 3rd Edition (1984), Willey-Interscience,
New York.
2. G. Odian, Principles of Polymerization, 3rd edition (1991) John Wiley, Singapore
3. P. T. Anastas, & J. C. Warner, Green Chemistry:Introduction & practice, Oxford University
Press,
New Delhi.
4. M.A. Ryan & M. Tinnesand, Introduction to Green Chemistry, American Chemical Society,
Washington (2002)

1. P.Bahadur and N.V. Sastry, Principle of Polymer Sciences , Narosa Publishing House, New
Delhi (2002)
19
CHEM/2/FC/04: Group Theory
Objectives: To learn the basic concept of symmetry elements and Symmetry operations,
molecular point groups, matrices, character table and construction of point
groups.
Unit 1:Introduction, symmetry elements and Symmetry operations, The postulates of group
theory and types of groups, Multiplication tables, subgroups and classes, Stoneflies symbols.
Introduction of molecular point groups (with suitable example of molecules), Cn, Cnv, Cnh,
Dn, Dnh and Sn point groups with suitable example of molecules, Dihedral groups, Flow-chart
for identification of point groups of molecules, Identification of point groups of their
geometry and formulae with illustrations.
Unit 2: Introduction of matrices and representations, Matrices, Matrix representation of

symmetry operations, Reducible and irreducible representations. Application of Point
Groups: The great orthogonality theorem. Symmetry adapted atomic basis sets. Construction
of molecular orbitals. The direct product representation. Character table and construction for
C2v, C2h and D2h groups.
1. Understand symmetry elements, operations and types of groups and molecular point
groups.
2. Have the concepts of Matrices and their representations; character table and the
construction of some point groups.
3. Identify the point groups of molecules and apply the concepts of group theory to predict the
spectroscopic properties.
4. Understand the Character table and to construction construct selected point groups.
Recommended Texts:
1. F.A. Cotton, Chemical Applications of Group Theory, 3rd Edn, Jon Wiley & Sons (2006).
2. P.W. Atkins & J. DePaul, Physical Chemistry, 8th Ed., Oxford University Press, New
York(2009).
3. G.L. Miessler and D.A. Tarr, Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Prntice Hall International Inc.,
London
20
1. K.V. Raman, Group Theory and Its Applications to Chemistry, Tata McGraw-Hill publishing
limited (1990).
2. A. K. Chandra, Introductory Quantum Chemistry, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
(2006).
3. R K Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, New Age Science (2008).
4. A. L. Gupta and M. Kumar, Group Theory and Spectroscopy, Pragati Edition (2013).
21
CHEM/2/CC/06: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Objective: To study chemical processes taking place in earth’s atmosphere and hydrosphere and
to understand the quality of water as well as various waste water treatment processes.
Unit 1. Chemistry and the Environment: Environmental composition, chemical processes

Environment segments, ecosystem and natural cycles of the environment.
Unit 2. Atmospheric Chemistry: Regions of atmosphere, chemical composition of the

atmosphere and the influence of solar radiation; Thermodynamic, kinetic and
photochemical considerations; Earth’s radiation balance, green house effect and global
warming.
i. Stratospheric chemistry: Role of UV radiations in ozone balance with reference to

Oxygen-only chemistry; Catalytic decomposition processes with special reference to the
role of NO, OH and ClO radicals; Antarctic and Arctic “Ozone Hole” formation.
ii. Tropospheric Chemistry: Chemistry of photochemical smog, VOCs and their oxidation.
iii. Nitrogen and sulphur species: Sources, fate and role in the atmosphere, acidifying agents
in rain, fog and snow, control of anthropogenic nitrogen and sulphur emissions-fluidized
bed combustion, desulphurization, SONOX process.
iv. Aerosol Chemistry: Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals in aerosols,
condensation aerosols, aerosol concentration and lifetime; Air pollution control for
particulate emissions.
v. Pollutants in the urban atmosphere, indoor air pollution, radioactivity and radon pollution
Unit 3. Hydrosphere: Distribution of water, physical and chemical properties of water, chemical
speciation with reference to phosphorous and cadmium complexes with chlorine; concept
and applications of pH/pE diagrams.
Organic matter in water, humic matter in water-origin, formation and environmental
impact.
Unit 4. Water Quality: turbidity, colour, pH, acidity, solids, hardness, chlorides, residual
chlorine, sulphates, fluorides, phosphates, iron and manganese, nitrogen, DO, BOD, COD,
TOC, volatile acids, analytical techniques in water analysis.
Wastewater Treatment: Primary treatment; equalization, neutralization, sedimentation, oil

stripping of volatile organic, biological treatment process; activated sludge process,
reverse osmosis, anaerobic decomposition, sludge handling and treatment process.
22
1. Acquire the knowledge of segments of the environment, ecosystem and natural cycles.
2. Understand the atmospheric chemistry related to thermodynamic, kinetic and
photochemical considerations – stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry; Nitrogen and
sulphur species; aerosol chemistry.
3. Describe the hydrosphere; water quality and waste water treatment.
Recommended Texts:
1. G. W. Vanloon and S.J. Duffer, Environmental Chemistry-A Global Prespective, Oxford

University Press (2000).
2. Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, Ninth Edition, CRC Press (2009).
3. F. W. Fifield and W.P.J. Haines, Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Blackwell
Science Ltd.
4. C. Baird, Environmental Chemistry, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York (1998).

1. Peter O. Warner, Analysis of Air Pollutants, 1st Ed., John Wiley, New York.
2. S. M. Khopkar, Environmental Pollution Analysis, 1st Ed., Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi.
3. A. G. Howard, Aquatic Environmental Chemistry, Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford
University Press.
23
CHEM/2/CC/07: Inorganic Chemistry
Objective: To impart knowledge of chemistry of metal ligand bonding and electronic spectra of transition
metal complexes and f-block elements.
Unit 1. Metal-Ligand Bonding in Transition Metal Complexes: Crystal field splitting diagrams
in complexes of low symmetry, spectrochemical and Nephelauxetic series, thermodynamic
and structural effects, spin and orbital moments, basic idea of spin orbit coupling, quenching
of orbital momenta, spin only formula for magnetic moment. Site selection in spinels, Jahn-
Teller distortions, experimental evidence for metal-ligand orbital overlap, ligand field theory,
molecular orbital theory of octahedral complexes.
Unit 2. Electronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes: Atomic term symbols &
spectroscopic ground states,orgel energy level and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for transition
metal complexes, charge transfer spectra,electronic spectra of octahedral and tetrahedral
Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes and calculation of ligand-field parameters.
Unit 3. Lanthanides: Introduction, principles and energetics, binary compounds, coordination

compounds, electronic and magnetic properties.
Unit 4. Actinides: Introduction, binary compounds, coordination compounds, electronic spectra

of actinides.
1. Understand how d orbitals of transition metals are split in the presence of a ligand field.
2. Know the strength of the Metal-ligand bond influences the size of the crystal field
splitting parameter (10Dq) and how the size of the splitting parameter influences the
magnetic and spectroscopic properties of coordination compounds.
3. Have basic ideas of spin-orbit coupling, spinels and Jahn- Teller distortion.
4. Understand the various theories about metal- ligand interactions in the formation of
coordination compounds
5. Interprete Term symbols, Spectroscopic ground states, Orgel diagram, Correlation
diagram and Tanabe-Sugano diagram of the transition metal ions.
6. Understand how the why the the properties of lanthanides, actinide and transition metal
complexes differ
24
Recommended Texts:
1. F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 6th Ed., John Wiley &
Sons, New York (2006).
2. J. E. Huheey, E.A.Keiter, R.L. Keiter& O.K. Medhi, Principles of Structure and
Reactivity,1stEdn., Pearson Ed. (2005).
3. Simon Cotton, Lanthanide and Actinide Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (2006).
4. P. Atkins, T. Overton, J.Rourke, M.Weller & F. Armstrong, Shriver & Atkins’ Inorganic
Chemistry, 5thEdn., Oxford University Press (2010)
Additional Recommended Books
1. B.R. Puri, L.R. Sharma & K.C. Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, 1stEdn.,
Milestone Publishers & Distributors (2009).
2. B. Douglas, D.McDaniel & J. Alexander, Concepts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry,
3rdEd.J. Wiley (2007).
3. D. Banerjee, Coordination Chemistry, 3rdEdn., Asian Books Private Limited (2009)
25
CHEM/2/CC/08: Molecular Spectroscopy
Objective: To impart the knowledge of Maxwell equation of EMR, absorption, emission, electronic,
rotation, vibration. NMR, FTIR, FT NMR, and ESR spectroscopy.
Unit 1. Time-Dependent States and Spectroscopy: Brief introduction. Brief explanation of

Maxwell equation of EMR (derivation is NOT required). Einstein coefficients: Absorption
and emission of radiation. Selection rules. Line shapes and widths. Brief introduction on
Fourier transform spectroscopy.
Unit 2. Rotation and Vibration of Diatomic Molecules: Rigid rotor and harmonic oscillation
wave functions and energies. Selection rules. A review of MW and IR spectroscopy.
Diatomic molecule wave functions-symmetry properties and nuclear spin effects. Raman
effect: Rotational and vibration-rotational transitions. Polarization of Raman lines.
Vibration of poly atomic molecules – normal coordinates.
Electronic Spectroscopy: Electronic spectroscopy of diatomic molecules. Franck-Condon

factor, dissociation and pre-dissociation states. Rotational fine structure. Introduction to
Lasers, importance of Lasers in Molecular Spectroscopy and laser spectroscopy.
Unit 3. Magnetic Resonance:

EPR: Basic Principles. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of hydrogen. First-
order hyperfine energies. Inorganic free radicals such as: [PH4], F2, and [BH]. Mossbauer
Spectroscopy: Resonant -ray absorption. Basic ideas (principle, isomer shift, quadrupolar
coupling and magnetic hyperfine splitting)
Unit 4. NMR: Basic principles and relaxation times. NMR in liquids: Chemical shifts and spin-
spin couplings. First order spectra: AX and AMX systems. Second order spectra: AB system.
FT NMR: Rotating frame of reference. Effect of an rf pulse. FID. multi-pulse operation.

Measurement of T1 by inversion recovery method. Spin echo and measurement of T2. Magic
angle spinning.
Outcomes: At the end of the course, the will should be able to:
1. Understand the differences between adsorption and emission spectroscopy.
2. Know the concepts of selection rules for electronic transitions and other spectroscopic
properties.
3. Determine the IR and Raman activity of rotational and vibrational modes in non linear
molecules.
4. Explain the principle and instrumentations of EPR; NMR and FTMR.
5. Understand the measurement of T1 and T2 by inversion recovery method.
26
Recommended Texts:
1. C. N. Banwell and E. M. McCash, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4th Ed., Tata-
McGraw Hill, New Delhi (2005).
2. A. Carrington and A. D. McLachlan, Introduction to Magnetic Resonance, Chapman and
Hall, London (2007).
3. S. Chandra, Molecular Spectroscopy,Narosa Publishing House (2009).

1. R.K. Harris, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Addison Wesley, Longman Ltd.
London (2001).
2. J. W. Akitt, NMR and Chemistry: An Introduction to NMR Spectroscopy, Chapman and
Hall(2004).
3. H. Friebolin, One- and Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy, Wiley-VCH (2005).
4. J.D. Graybeat., Molecular Spectroscopy, McGraw-Hill(2006).
27
CHEM/2/CC/09: LABORATORY WORK – II
(INORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
Marks[Scaled]: 100 (End Semester Exam:60% + Internal: 40%) Credits: 0-0-6
Objective: To teach the quantitative estimation as well as synthesis of inorganic complexes and their
characterization with instrumental techniques.
Practical – A
Quantitative Estimation involving volumetric (redox and complexometry) titrations,

gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods of constituents in three component mixtures and
alloys.
Practical – B
Preparation and Characterization of the Following Compounds (at least 8 preparations are to
be completed by turn):
Reinecke salt
Tris(oxalato) manganese(III)
Tetrapyridinesilver (II) peroxodisulphate
Tris(acetylacetonato) iron(III)
Tris(acetylacetonato) ruthenium(III)
Bis(N,N,-diethyldithiocarbamato)nitrosyliron(II)
Optical isomers of tris (ehtylenediamine) cobalt (III) chloride
Linkage isomers of dithiocyanatobis(triphenylarsine) palladium (II) or Nitro and
nitritopentaminecobalt(III) chloride
Ferrocene or dibenzene chromium
Hydridochlorocarbonyltris (triphenylphosphine) ruthenium (II)
Tetraphenylporphyrin and its complex with Fe (II)
Beryllium acetate, Be4O(OCOCH3)6
[PNCl2]3
Tris (2,2’ – bipyridine)ruthenium (II) perchlorate
Dipyridine-iodine(I) nitrate
[(p-(cyamine) RuCl2]2
Characterization includes magnetic susceptibility and conductance measurements and infrared,

UV-visible, NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry studies
1. Analyze the ions by quantitative estimations involving volumetric titration, gravimetric
and spectroscopic methods.
2. Formulate the suitable methods for the preparation of desired inorganic compounds.
3. Apply the knowledge of conductance infrared, UV-visible, NMR spectroscopy other
methods for the characterizations of inorganic compounds.
28
Recommended Texts:
1. G. Marr and B. W. Rockett, Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Van Nostrand.

2. G. Pass and H. Sutcliffe, Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Chapman & Hill, 2nd Ed.
1. J. Basset, R. C. Danney, G. H. Jeffery and J. Mendham, Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative

Inorganic Analysis, 4th ed., ELBS.
2. H. H. Willard, L. L. Merrit and J. A. Dean, Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 4th ed., East-
West Press.
3. G. W. Parshall (Editor-in-chief), Inorganic Synthesis, Vol. 15, McGraw Hill.
Note: Experiments may be added / deleted subject to the availability of facilities
29
THIRD SEMESTER
CHEM/3/CC/10: Biological Chemistry
Objectives: To learn about the components, structures and properties of DNA, RNA and
proteins. Knowledge about enzyme kinetics, lipids, carbohydrates, photosynthesis,
electron and oxygen transport proteins.
Unit 1. Nucleic Acids: nucleotides: DNA, and RNA. Types of RNA. Double helical structure of
DNA. Proteins: Basics of amino acids, proteins, and their structural features.
Classification of Protein based on their functions.
Unit 2. Lipids and Membranes: Classification of lipids, self association of lipids - membranes,
transport of ions & molecules through membrane.
Carbohydrates: Structural features of Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides and

polysaccharides. Glyco-proteins, glyco-lipids and their importance.
Unit 3. (i) Metabolism and Energetics: Basic idea of Catabolic and anabolic processes,
Catabolism of carbohydrates: glycolysis, citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
(ii) Molecular Recognition: Chiral recognition. Role of sugars in biological recognition.
Role of Hydrogen bonding in molecular organization.
Unit 4. Enzymes: Enzyme kinetics and Inhibitor kinetics. Allostery and Cooperativity.
Michealis-Menton Equation (derivation not required), its significance and Burk-
Lineweaver plot.
Metalloenzymes in Biology: (i) structure and mechanism of Xanthine oxidase, photo system-I &
II (H2O to O2).Types of copper proteins: multi-copper oxidases, structure and mechanism of
ceruloplasmin, laccase and cytochrome C Oxidase (O2 to H2O). Types of zinc proteins:
superoxide-dismutase (Cu and Zn), alcohol dehydrogenase. zinc finger proteins (C2H2, C4) and
their mode of interaction with DNA.
(ii) Oxygen uptake proteins: Hemerythrin and Hemocyanin with special reference to mode o
oxygen binding and their spectroscopic characterization.
1. Understand the differences in the components and structure of DNA and RNA as well as
interaction of transcriptional factors such as zinc-finger proteins with DNA.
2. Understand amino acids, protein structures, enzyme kinetics, and enzyme regulation
based on Michealis-Menton kinetics Equation and its significance .
3. Descriptions of the components, properties of lipids and carbohydrates as well as their
essential functions in Biological system including molecular recognition, cellular
membrane etc.
30
4. Basics of electron transport in biological systems with emphasis on photosystem-II and I,
roles of proteins other than hemoglobin in the oxygen transport, electron transport and
other biological functions.
Recommended Texts:
1. D.L. Nelson and M.M. Cox, Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry, 5rd Ed., McMillan
North Publication (2008).
2. M.N. Hughes, Inorganic Chemistry of Biological Processes, 2nd Edition, John Wiley
(1972).
3. C. Walsh, Enzymatic reaction mechanisms, WH Freeman (1979).
1. L. Stryer, Biochemistry, 5th Ed., Freeman &Co., New York.

2. J.A. Cowan., Inorganic Biochemistry- An introduction, VCH publication.
3. D. E. Fenton, Biocoordination Chemistry, (1997) Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford
University Press.
4. B. G. Davis and A. J. Fairbanks, Carbohydrate chemistry, Oxford Chemistry Primers,
Oxford University Press.
31
CHEM/3/CC/11: Materials Chemistry
Objectives: To learn about nanomaterials, nanostructures and nanocatalyst, organic conducting

polymers, liquid crystals, composites, nanocomposites , hybrid and porous hybrid
materials.
Unit 1. Synthesis and properties of Materials: Preparative techniques: Ceramic methods;

Chemical strategies, Chemical vapour deposition (CVD); fabrication of ordered
nanostructures and nanostructured material catalysis. Carbon nanotubes (synthesis, forms,
and optical properties).
Unit 2. Organic Materials: Fullerenes. Conducting organics: conducting polymers. Organic

superconductors: Doped fullerenes as superconductors. Molecular ferromagenets. Liquid
crystals: Mesomorphic behaviour, Optical properties of liquid crystals, Basic introduction
to display devices.
Unit 3. Non-linear Materials: Introduction to Non-linearity. Second and third order non-linear
effects, molecular rectifiers and frequency doublers, unimolecular electronic devices.
Photochromic materials. Ferroelectric materials.
Composites and Hybrid materials: Microscopic composites, dispersion-strengthened,

particle-reinforced & fiber-reinforced composites, macroscopic composites. Preparation,
properties and applications of composites.
Unit 4. Hybrid Materials and Nanocomposites. Synthetic strategies towards hybrid materials:
sol–gel process & building block approach. Preparation of polymer nanocomposites.
Properties and applications of polymer nanocomposites (gas sensors, optical filters & high
and low refractive index materials). Clay nanocomposites: Preparation of polymer-clay
nanocomposites. Porous hybrid materials: Porous (hybrid) matrices, classification of
porous hybrid materials by the type of interaction and preparation. Characterization and
applications of porous hybrid materials.
1. Know the significance of nanoscale and various preparative techniques.
2. Acquire knowledge of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers and even the
optical properties of liquid crystals.
3. Understand the composite materials and the roles of matrixes and reinforcements.
4. Know the ideas about Non-linear matberials; composites, nanocomposites and hybrid
and porous hybrid materials.
32
Recommended Texts:
1. A. R. West., Solid State Chemistry and its Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Singapore
(1984).
2. C. N. R. Rao and J. Gopalkrishnan, New Directions in Solid state Chemistry, 2nd Ed.,
Cambridge University Press (1989).
3. G. Kickelbick, Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, Wiley,
Singapore (2006).
1. T. V. Ramakrishnan and C. N. R. Rao, Superconductivity Today, Wiley Eastern Ltd. New

Delhi,
2. P. Ball, Designing the Molecular World: Chemistry at the Frontier, Princeton University
Press,
3. M. T. Weller, Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford University
Press.
33
CHEM/3/CC/12: LABORATORY WORK-III
(PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY)
Objectives: To determine various physical parameters like distribution constants, kinetics,

thermodynamics, complex formations, stoichiometry concepts, etc. by
conductometric, potentiometric titrations and spectrophotometric methods.
Practical – A
1. To study the reaction between acetone and iodine in the presence of an acid
2. Determination of the rate constant for the oxidation of iodide ions by hydrogen peroxide,
studying the kinetics of iodine-clock reaction
3. Determination of molecular weight and activity of a non-volatile non electrolyte by
cryoscopy
4. Determination of glass transition temperature of a given salt (e.g. Ca(NO3)2.4H2O),
conductometrically
5. Determination of the degree of dissociation and equilibrium constant of weak electrolytes
in different solvents and in their mixtures (e.g. DMSO, DMF, dioxane, acetone, water),
conductometrically, and to test the validity of Debye-Huckel-Onsager’s Theory)
6. Determination of solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble salts (eg., PbSO 4,
BaSO4) conductometrically
7. Determination of the stoichiometry and formation constant of silver-ammonia complex,
potentiometrically
8. Determination of the pKn of an indicator (e.g. methyl red), spectrophotometrically.
Determination of the pKn of an indicator (e.g., methyl red) in (i) micellar and (ii)
microemulsion media, spectrophotometrically.
9. Determination of Hall coefficient of a sample
10. Determination of band-gap of a semiconductor
Practical – B
1. Determination of the velocity constant of hydrolysis of an ester in micellar media

2. Determination of equilibrium constant of the reaction
3. Determination of partial molar volume of a solute in solution
4. Determination of the order of reaction, velocity constant and energy of activation for
saponification of an ester by sodium hydroxide, conductometrically
5. Determination of strengths of halides in a mixture, potentionmetrically
6. Determination of strength of strong and weak acids in a given mixture, conductometrically
7. Determination of temperature dependence of EMF of a cell (e.g., a galvanic cell) and hence
calculation of ΔG, ΔH and ΔS for the cell reaction
8. Determination of specific rotation of sucrose, and rate constant of its hydrolysis, using a
polarimeter
34
9. Determination of stoichiometry, oscillator strength and stability constant of an inorganic
(e.g., Ferric sulphate-Salicylic acid) and organic (amine-iodine) complex.
10. Determination of g-value by EPR method
1. Have the knowledge for the determinations of reaction kinetics, glass transition
temperatures, solubility, degree of dissociation, pKn of an indicator, coefficient and band
gap.
2. Determine the temperature dependence of EMF of a cell and calculate various
thermodynamic parameters for the cell reaction.
3. Determine the rate constant and activation energy, equilibrium constant, partial molar
volume, order of a reaction, potentiometric strength, g-value by EPR method.
4. Determine the stoichiometry, oscillator strength and stability constant an inorganic as
well as organic complex
Recommended Texts:
1. B.P. Levitt, Findlay’s Practical Physical Chemistry, 9th Revised Ed., Longman Press.
2. J. C. Ghosh, Experiments in Physical Chemistry, BharatiBhavan, Patna.
3. J. N. Gurtu and R. Kapoor, Advanced Experimental Chemistry, S. Chand and Co., New
Delhi
4. B. Viswanathan and P.S. Raghavan, Practical Physical Chemistry, Viva Books Pvt.
Ltd.New Delhi, First Edition 2005.
1. D. P. Shoemaker, C. W. Garland and J. W. Niber, Experiments in Physical Chemistry,

McGraw Hill Interscience.

availability of facilities
35
Specialization Courses I & II
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/3/SC/01(A): Spectrochemical Analysis
Objectives: To learn basic concepts of IR, Raman, NMR, ESR, AAS, ICP-ES spectroscopy and their
applications. Theories of Nephelometry and Turbidimetry.
Unit 1. Infrared Spectroscopy: Infrared sources and transducers, infrared instruments, typical
applications of infrared spectroscopy (qualitative and quantitative)
Raman Spectroscopy: Basic principles, instrumentation, analytical applications of Raman

and resonance Raman spectroscopy. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy in the field
of analytical Chemistry.
Unit 2. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy: Basic principles, environmental

effects on NMR spectrometers, applications of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2-D Fourier-Transform
NMR (FT-NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Quantitative applications of NMR:
Drug analysis, molecular weight determination.
Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spectroscopy: Theory, instrumentation and important

analytical applications.
Unit 3. Light-Scattering methods: Nephelometry and Turbidimetry-Theory, effect of

concentration, particle size and wavelength on scattering, instrumentation and applications.
Unit 4.(i) Atomic Absorption and Plasma Emission Spectroscopy: Theory,

instrumentationand analytical applications of atomic absorption and inductively coupled
plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-ES).
(ii) Fluorescence Spectroscopy: Fluorescence instrumentation for analysis, fluorophore

and their modification, pH indicators, lipid membrane probes, labeling of protein and
DNA.
1. Acquire the knowledge of Infrared, Raman, NMR EPR spectroscopy and their
applications in quantitative and quantitative chemical analysis.
2. Understand the basic principles of 1HNMR 13CNMR, FT-NMR and MRI and applications
of NMR in drug analysis and molecular weight determination.
3. Know the various theories and methods of light scattering, instrumentations and
applications.
4. Understand the theories and instrumentations of AAS, AES and fluorescence
spectroscopy.
36
Recommended Texts:
1. D. A. Skoog, F. J. Holler and T. A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 5th Ed.,

Harcourt Brace & Company, Florida (1998).
2. D. E. Leyden and R. H. Cox, Analytical Applications of NMR, John-Wiley(1977).
1. J. M. Hollas, Modern Spectroscopy, 4rd Ed., John Wiley, New York(2004).

2. R. P. Wayne, Chemical Instrumentation, Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford University
Press(1994).
3. D.L. Andrews., Perspectives in Modern Chemical Spectroscopy, Springer Verlag(1990).
37
CHEM/3/SC/02(A): Microanalytical Techniques
Objectives: To learn about the microanalysis of various supramolecules and biomolecules.

Analysis of soil, fuel, drugs and to understand the clinical chemistry.
Unit 1. Microanalysis of Real-World Samples: Molecular recognition and targeted analysis using
macrocyclic (crown ethers). Macrobicyclic (cryptands), supramolecular compounds
(calixarenes) and polymeric materials.
Unit 2. Biochemical Microanalysis: Estimation of carbohydrates, amino acids and ascorbic acid
in biological systems, estimation of protein in egg albumin, estimation of free fatty acid,
iodine value and saponification value of fats/oils.
Unit 3. Analysis of Soil, Fuel and Drugs
(i) Analysis of Soil: Moisture, pH, total nitrogen, phosphorus, silica, lime, magnesia,
manganese, sulphur and alkali salts.
(ii) Fuel Analysis: Ultimate analysis of coal. Analysis of petroleum: Cetane and octane
numbers, detection of adulteration of fuel by GC and analysis of natural gas using GC.
(iii) Drug Analysis: Narcotics and dangerous drugs. Classification of drugs. Screening by
gas and thin-layer chromatography and spectrophotometric measurements.
Unit 4. Clinical Chemistry: Composition of blood-collection and preservation of samples.

Clinical analysis of serum electrolytes, blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid,
albumin, globulins, barbiturates, acid and alkaline phosphatases. Immunoassay-principles
of radio immunoassay (RIA) and applications. The blood gas analysis-trace elements in the
body.
1. Understand the molecular recognition and targeted analysis of macrocyclic,
macrobicyclic, supramolecular and polymeric compounds.
2. Know the concepts of biochemical microanalysis; Analysis of soil, fuel and drugs.
3. Acquire the knowledge of clinical chemistry related to collection and preservation of
blood.
4. Analyze the serum electrolytes, glucose, urea, uric acid and other components of blood.
38
Recommended Texts:
1. G.D. Christian, Analytical chemistry, John Wiley &Sons, New York(2004).

2. J. Tolgyessy& M. Krys, Radio Analytical Chemistry, Vol-I&II. Ellis Harwood(1994)
3. H.A. Mottola., Kinetic Aspects of Analytical Chemistry, J. Wiley(1998).
1. C.L. Wilson and D.L. Wilson, Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, Vol 1(A) and 1(B),
Elsevier.
2. S.M. Khopkar, Analytical Chemistry of Macrocylic and Supermolecular Compounds, 2nd
Edition, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi (2005).
39
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/3/SC/01 (I): Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry-I
Objectives: To learn about the reactions of coordination compounds. Basic ideas about metal
carbonyl, metal clusters, boron chemistry and inorganic polymers.
Unit 1. Kinetics and Mechanism of Substitution Reactions: Nature of substitution reactions;

Prediction of reactivity of octahedral, tetrahedral and square-planar complexes in terms of
VBT and CFT; Rates of reactions; Acid hydrolysis, Base hydrolysis and Anation reactions.
Unit 2. Electron Transfer Reactions: Mechanism and rate laws: Various types of electron transfer
reactions, Marcus-Husch theory, correlation between thermal and optical electron transfer
reactions, identification of intervalence transfer bands in solution.
Unit 3. Metal Carbonyls: Preparation, structure and nature of bonding, vibrational spectra of
metal carbonyls.
Metal Clusters and Metal-Metal Bonds: Compounds with metal-metal multiple bonds, metal
carbonyl and halide clusters.
Unit 4. Polyhedral Boranes: Higher boranes, carboranes, metallo-boranes and metallo-

carboranes-Structure and bonding.
Inorganic Polymers: Classification, types of inorganic polymerization, comparison with

organic polymers, boron-oxygen and boron-nitrogen polymers, silicones, coordination
polymers, sulfur-nitrogen, sulfur-nitrogen-fluorine compounds, homolytic inorganic systems.
1. Acquire the knowledge of kinetics and mechanisms of substitution reactions with special
reference to octahedral, tetrahedral and square-planar complexes.
2. Familiar the mechanism of various types of electron transfer reactions of inorganic
compounds.
3. Know the ideas metal carbonyls, metal clusters and metal-metal multiple bonds
4. Understand the concepts of polyhedral boranes, inorganic polymers.
40
Recommended Texts:
1. F. Basaloand R. G. Pearson, Mechanism of Inorganic Reactions, 2ndEdn., Wiley

Eastern Ltd., New Delhi(1967).
2. F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson,Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 6th Ed., John-Wiley &
Sons, New York(2004).
3. James E.Huheey, Inorganic Chemistry, 4th Ed., Addison Wesley Pub. Co. New York
(2006).

1. R.G. Wilkins, Kinetics & Mechanisms of Reactions of Transition Metal Chemistry, 2nd
Ed. VCH Publication (1995).
2. D.F. Shriver and P.W. Atkins, Inorganic Chemistry, 3rdEd., ELBS, London (2008).
41
CHEM/3/SC/02 (I): Bio-Inorganic Chemistry
Objectives: To know the various roles of metal ions in biocatalyst, storage and transport
proteins, electron transport proteins, nitrogen fixations. Khowledge about the roles
of alkaline earth metal ions in biological systems.
Unit 1. Role of Alkaline Earth Metal Ions in Biological Systems: (i) Catalysis of phosphate
transfer by Mg2+ ion (ii) Ubiquitous regulatory role of Ca2+ - muscle contraction.
Unit 2. Iron, Copper and Molybdenum Proteins with Reference to their Oxygenation and
Oxidase Activity: (i) Anti-oxidative functions (cytochrome p-450, catalases and
peroxidases) (ii) assimilatory and dissimilatory nitrite reduction (NO2¯ reductases) (iii
Nitrogen fixation through metal complexation: nitrogenase (vi) Nitric oxide synthase
(NOS)
Unit 3. Nickel Enzymes: Urease and hydrogenase. Interaction of Metal Complexes with DNA:
Cis-platin and Fe-Bleomycin. Intercalation. Iron Storage and Transport Proteins: Ferritin,
transferrin and hemosiderin
Unit 4. Electron transfer (cytochromes, blue copper proteins and iron–sulphur proteins).
Synthetic models of iron-sulfur proteins and blue copper proteins. Metallo Radical
enzymes: Galactose oxidase and ribonucleotidereductase (RnR)
1. Understand the roles played by alkaline earth metals in biological systems.
2. Understand the functions and mode of action of metal ion containing proteins/enzymes in
biology.
3. Understanding the basics of biomimetic chemistry using synthetic coordination
complexes that mimic the function and/or the spectroscopic attributes of
metalloproteins/metalloenzymes.
4. Understanding of iron absorption, transport and storage in prokaryotes and eukaryotes,
the mechanism of action of cisplatin and other metal complexes with DNA.
Recommended Texts:
1. W. Kaim and B. Schwederski, Bioinorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Elements in the

Chemistry of Life, An Introduction and Guide, Wiley, New York(1996).
2. S. J. Lippard and J. M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, University Science
Books(1994).
42
1. I. Bertini, H. B. Gray, S. J. Lippard and J. S. Valentine, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Viva

Books Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi (1998).
2. D. E. Fenton, BiocoordinationChemistry, Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford University
Press(1996).
3. P. C. Wilkins and R. G. Wilkins, Inorganic Chemistry in Biology, Oxford Chemistry
Primers, Oxford University Press (1997).
43
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/3/SC/01 (O): Reaction Mechanism and Stereochemistry
Objectives: To learn the concepts of neighbouring group participation, analysis of

stereochemistry, methods of addition, elimination and rearrangement reactions.
Unit 1. Neighbouring Group Participation: Evidences of N.G.P., The phenonium ion,

participation by π and σ-bonds, Anchimeric assistance. Classical versus non-classical
carbonium ions - the present status.
Introduction to Conservation of Orbital Symmetry in Pericylic Reactions: Woodward-

Hoffmann rules; cycloaddition [2+2] and [4+2], and electrocylic reactions. Prototropic
and sigmatropic rearrangements, ene reactions and cheletropic reactions; 1, 3-dipolar
cyclo-addition.
Unit 2. Stereochemistry (a) General Consideration of molecular asymmetry and dissymmetry (b)
Configuration-absolute and relative (c) Atropeisomerism of biphenyls (d) Stereochemistry of
allenes and related compounds. (e) Stereochemistry of fused, bridged, and caged ring systems.
Unit 3. Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds: Electrophilic, free-radical and nucleophilic

mechanisms - Mechanistic and Stereochemical aspects. Orientation and reactivity. Free
radicals substitutions at aromatic and aliphatic substrates, reactivity in attacking radicals,
effect of solvent in free radical reactivity. Sandmeyer and Hunsdicker reactions.
Unit 4 (i) Elimination reactions: The E1, E2 and E1cB mechanism, orientation of the double
bond. Hoffmann versus Saytzeff elimination. Pyrolytic syn-reaction.
(ii) Rearrangments: Sommelet-Hauser, Favorskii, benzillic acid, dienone-phenol,

Hoffmann-loffler-freytag and Barton reactions.
(iii) The Hammett equation and linear free energy relationship, substituent and reaction
constants. Taft equation.
1. Understand NGP – classical vs non-classical.
2. Understand conservation of orbital symmetry in pericylic reactions
3. Analyze the stereochemistry – configuration absolute and relative, atropeisomerism and
conformational analysis of six-membered systems.
4. Describe the methods of addition to C-C multiple bonds, eliminations reactions and
rearrangements.
44
Books Recommended:
1. M. B. Smith and J. March, March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanisms
and Structures, 5th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York(2006).
2. E.L. Elliel and S.H. Wilen, Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, Wiley Interscience,
New York (2006).
3. P. de Mayo, Molecular Rearrangements, Vol.I& II,Interscience Publishers, New York
(2006).
4. S. M. Mukherjee and S.P. singh, Pericyclic Reactions, MacMillan India, New Delhi
(1991).

1. E.S. Gould, Mechanism & Structure in Organic Chemistry, Holt, Rinehart & Winston,
New York.
2. D. Nasipuri, Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, 2nd Ed., Wiley Eastern Ltd., New
Delhi (1998).
3 I. Fleming, Pericyclic Reactions, Oxford University Press, Oxford(1998).
45
CHEM/3/SC/02 (O): Application of Molecular Spectroscopy to Organic Compounds
Objectives: To learn the stereochemistry of the organic compounds, identifications of different

functional groups and structural elucidations of natural as well as synthesized
compounds by various molecular spectroscopy methods.
Unit 1. Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy: Absorption of dienes, polyenes, carbonyl compounds and

α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Woodward rule and its application. Aromatic
compounds.
Unit 2. Infrared Spectroscopy: Vibration modes and bond stretching. Absorption of common
functional groups, electrical and steric effects, effects of hydrogen bonding. Fingerprint region
and interpretation of IR spectra.
Unit 3. NMR: (i) 1H-NMR Spectroscopy: Interpretation of spectra, chemical shift, shielding
mechanism and anisotropic effects, chemical exchange and chemical shifts in chiral molecules.
Spin-spin interactions, naming spin systems, magnitude of coupling constant: Germinal, vicinal
and long range couplings. Simplification of complicated spectra: Aromatic induced shifts spin
decoupling, deuterium exchange, spectra at higher fields. Hindered rotation and rate processes.
(ii) 13C-NMR Spectroscopy: General considerations, chemical shift, coupling constants.

Nuclear Overhauser effect. Spin-spin, spin-lattice relaxations. Off-resonance decoupling. DEPT.
Interpretation of simple 13C-NMR spectra.
Unit 4. Mass Spectrometry: Introduction, ion production, fragmentation, factors influencing ion
abundance, single and multiple bond cleavage, various rearrangements, cleavage associated with
common functional groups, molecular ion peak, metastable ion peak, nitrogen rule and
interpretation of mass spectra.
Problems: Structure elucidation based on Molecular spectroscopic data.
1. Understand the structure elucidation of natural as well as synthesized compounds using
different spectroscopic methods.
2. Know the stereochemistry of compounds using different methods.
3. Understand different types of isomers and functional group using above knowledge.
46
Recommended Texts:
1. J.R.Dyer, Application of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, Prentice Hall,

New Delhi (1978).
2. R.M. Silverstein and F.X. Webster, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds,
6th Edition, John Wiley, New York(2003).
3. P.S. Kalsi, Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, 6th Edition, New Age International (P)
Limited Publishers, New Delhi (2005).
1. D.H. Williams and I.F. Fleming, Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, 4th
Edition, Tata-McGraw Hill, New Delhi(1988).
47
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/3/SC/01 (P): C hemical Kinetics
Objectives: To learn the techniques for fast reactions, basic concepts and idea about the
statistical mechanics and transition state theory, solvent and salt effects of reaction
in solution, catalytic properties and kinetics of polymerization.
Unit 1. Experimental Techniques for Fast Reaction: Flow techniques relaxation methods, flash
photolysis.
Unit 2. Statistical Mechanics: Statistical mechanical concept of distribution, thermodynamic

probability and most probable distribution. Boltzmann distribution of particles.
Translational, rotational, vibrational partition functions.
Transition State Theory: Application of statistical mechanics to transition state theory,

comparison of transition state theory with experimental results. Thermodynamic treatment
of TST, theories of unimolecular reactions- treatments of Lindmann, Hinsherwood, Rice-
Ramsperger-Kassel (RRK) and Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM).
Unit 3. Reaction in Solution: Reaction between ions; Effect of solvent (single & double sphere
models), interpretation of frequency factor and entropy of activation, influence of ionic
strength, salt effect and reaction mechanism, reaction involving dipoles, influence of
pressure on reaction rates in solution, significance of value of activation. Influence of
substituents on reaction rates, electronic theories of organic reactivity. Linear free energy
relationships. The Hammett equation, significance of σ and . The Taft equation.
Unit 4. Homogeneous Catalysis: General catalytic mechanism, mechanism of acid-base catalysis

(protolytic and prototropic). Bronsted catalytic law.
Kinetics of Polymerisation Reactions: Condensation and addition (Free radical, ionic, co-
ordination) polymerisation. co-polymerisation.
1. Acquire the knowledge of experimental techniques of fast reactions.
2. Understand the thermodynamic probability, Boltzmann distribution of particles.
3. To study the kinetics of different types of reactions.
4. Learn the reaction rate theories and reactions in solution.
48
Recommended Texts:
1. M. J. Pilling and A. P. W. Seakins, Reaction Kinetics, Oxford Science Publication, New

York (1995).
2. K. J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, 3rd Ed., Harper & Row Publishers, New York(1998).
1. J. Rajaram and J. C. Kuriacose, Kinetics and mechanism of Chemical Transformation, 1st

Ed., MacMillan India Ltd., New Delhi(1993).
2. B. G. Cox, Modern Liquid Phase Kinetics, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1994).
49
CHEM/3/SC/02 (P): Nuclear Chemistry
Objectives: To learn basic concepts of nuclear reactions and radioactive decay processes. Study
about the nuclear structures, nuclear stability, nuclear binding energies and
nuclear processes in various fields.
Unit 1. Radioactive Decay Processes: Alpha decay- penetration of potential barriers, hindered
alpha decay, alpha decay energies; Beta decay- Fermi theory, Kurie plot, comparative half-
lives, electron capture, selection rules, forbidden transitions, Non-conservation of parity,
neutrinos; Gamma decay- half-life of excited states, multiple radiation and selection rules,
isomeric transition, internal conversion and Auger effect.
Unit 2. Nuclear Structure: Nuclear stability and binding energy. Mass and binding energy
systematics, semi-empirical mass equation. Nuclear isomerism and internal conversion.
Nuclear volume and density, nuclear forces, nuclear energy levels, nuclear models, liquid
drop, shell and Fermi gas models.
Unit 3. Nuclear Reactions and Nuclear Energy: Nuclear reactions, nuclear fission and cross-
section, chain fission, fission product and fission yield, mass and charge distribution in
fission; Compound nucleus formation & Q-values; Methods for production of some most
commonly used radiotracers(3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, 131I),labeling, nuclear fission, chain
reactions,nuclear reactors, classification & Fermi’s 4-factor formula, reprocessing of used
fuel rods. Heavy ion induced nuclear reactions – Production of super heavy elements
(SHE), nuclear fusion
Unit 4. Nuclear Processes in Geology, Geochemistry & Astrophysics: Ages of rocks and
minerals, age of earth, radioactive dating, nuclear fusions reactions and threshold. Nuclear
reactions in stars and nucleogenesis. Stellar energy (Cosmo chemistry).
1. Get a basic idea about radioactive decay processes.
2. Learn about the different types of nuclear reactions.
3. Study about the nuclear structures, nuclear stability, nuclear reactions, nuclear
energy and binding energy.
4. Monitor the nuclear processes in geology, geochemistry and astrophysics.
50
Recommended Texts:
1. H. J. Arnikar, Essentials of Nuclear chemistry, 4th Ed., Wiley-Eastern Ltd. New

Delhi(1995).
2. G. Friedlander, J. W. Kennedy, E. S. Macias and J. M. Miller, Nuclear and
Radiochemistry, 3rd Ed., John-Wiley & Sons, New York(1981).
3. B. G. Harvey, Introduction to Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Prentice Hall(1969).
4. K.S. Krane, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Wiley India, ISBN No.:978-265-1785-5 (2005).
5. G. R. Choppin, Jan-OlovLiljenzin, Jan Rydberg, Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry,
3rd Edition, Butterwort-Heinemann, USA (2002).
1. W. Loveland, D. J. Morrissey, G. T. Seaborg, Modern Nuclear Chemistry, Wiley (2005)

2. M. Haissinsky, Nuclear Chemistry & Its Applications, Addison-Wisley.
3. G. T. Seaborg, Man Made Transuranium Elements.
4. A. N. Nesmeyanov, Radiochemistry, Mir Publishers, Moscow.
51
FOURTH SEMESTER
CHEM/4/CC/13: Instrumentation Techniques
Objectives: To learn basic principles of various instrumental techniques such as CV,

TOC, ICP-MS, ESCA, SEM, TEM, TDA, DTA aphotoluminescence and their
applications. Ideas about detection and measurement of radiations of the
radioactive samples.
Unit 1. Principles and applications of the following instruments: (i) Cyclic Voltammetry;
(ii) TOC Analyzer (iii) Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICP) and ICP-MS (iv)
fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence methods
Unit 2. Radiation Detection & Measurement: Geiger-Muller and Scintillation Counters,

Semiconductor detectors; Gamma ray spectrometry (single and multi channel analyzers),
liquid scintillation counting systems.
Radiometric Methods of Analysis: Radiotracers, application of radiotracers in (i) Surface

area determination. (ii) Neutron activation analysis (NAA), isotope dilution analysis (IDA);
14
C & 3H-Dating. (iii) Medical & Biological applications: Radio-immunoassay (RIA),
Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Unit 3. Surface Methods: Theory, instrumentation and applications of electron spectroscopy for
chemical analysis (ESCA). Auger electron spectroscopy. SEM/EDX - Principles of Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM), electron-specimen interactions, imaging modes of SEM.
Principles of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning modes of TEM; Principle,
Instrumentation and applications of PIXE.
Unit 4. Thermal Analysis: Definition, origin of thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential

scanning calorimeter (DSC) and differential thermal analysis, application of DTA, TGA and
DSC in the study of glass transition temperature, polymorphic phase transition, phase
diagram determination, material characterization and kinetic study in solid state reactions.
1. Understand the basic principles of CV, TOC, ICP-MS, fluorescence, phosphorescence,
chemiluminescence and their applications.
2. Understand the instrumentation required for the detection and measurement of radiations
of the radioactive samples.
3. Acquire the knowledge of ESCA, SEM/EDX, SEM, TEM and PIXE.
4. To get knowledge about thermal analysis techniques and their applications.
52
Books Recommended
1. D. A. Skoog, D. M. West, F. J. Holler, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 7th Ed., Saunders

College Publishing, Philadelphia (2000).
2. J. H. Kennedy, Analytical Chemistry: Principles, 2nd Ed., Saunders Holt, London (1990).
3. A. R. West. Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications, John Wiley and Sons (1984).
4. H. J. Arnikar, Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry, 4th Ed., Wiley-Eastern Ltd. New Delhi (1995).
3. S. Lahiri, Advanced Trace Analysis, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-81-
8487-029-9.

1. H.Willard, L.Merritt, J.A. Dean & F.A. Settle, Instrumental Method of Analysis, 7thEd.CBS.
2. R.L. Pecsok. L.D. Shields, T. Cairns and L.C. Mc William, Modern Methods of Chemical
Analysis, 2nd Ed., John Wiley, New York (1976).
3. K. S. Krane, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Wiley India (2009).
53
CHEM/4/CC/14: CHEM/4/CC/14: Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Objectives: To learn the basic principles computational chemistry to study various
theories, reaction mechanisms and symmetry point groups.
Unit 1.(a) A brief outline of Computational Chemistry, Electronic structure theory and
Electronic wave functions. Time Independent Schrodinger Equation – particle wave
duality of electrons and Hamiltonian for a system with N-particles, Review of Born-
Oppenheimer approximation, Self-consistent fields – Variational Quantum Principles.
Antisymmetric wave-functions as Slater Determinants (Bosons and Fermions) –
HartreeFock approximation and brief summary of Koopman’s theorem. Qualitative MO
and VB theory: Electron density and chemical bonding, STO, GTO and Basis sets,
Density Functional Theory. Potential energy surfaces, geometry optimizations and
electronic properties-correlations.
(b) Brief overview of selected computational and theoretical methods (Semi-emperical,

Hartree-Fock theory, DFT theory, dynamic electron correlations (CI, CC, CASSCF,
MPx).
Unit 2. Application of Computational Chemistry: Construction of Z-Matrix and interpretation of

the Basis sets. Computational chemistry applied to the study of molecular properties using
Scientific Software (Gaussian09/Gaussian16 and GaussView);
1. Simple organic molecules (Acyclic & Cyclic).

2. SN1, SN2and or Diels Alder cycloadditionreaction.
3. Diamagnetic transition-meal complex, [CrOCl4]2- and/or Paramagnetic [MoOCl4]- (C4v
symmetry) and/or diamagnetic Ferrocene (both D5d and D5h symmetries).
1. Understand the basic principles and various brief outline of computational chemistry.
2. Learn some brief overview of selected computational and theoretical methods.
3. Explain the application of computational chemistry.
Books Recommended:
1. C. J. Cramer, Essentials of Computational Chemistry: Theories and Models, John Wiley &
Sons, 2002.
2. D. Young, Computational Chemistry: A practical Guide for applying Techniques to Real
World Problems, Wiley Interscience, 2001.
3. A. R. Leach, Molecular Modelling: Principles and Applications, Pearson Education, 2001.
4. J. B. Foresman, A. Frisch, Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structure Methods. Gaussian
Inc., 1996.
5. P.W. Atkins, Molecular Quantum Mechanics, 7th Edition, Oxford, 2002
54
CHEM/4/CC/15: LABORATORY WORK-IV
(Nuclear & Environmental Chemistry)
Objectives: To introduce some radio analytical techniques such as GM counter, NaI detector
and statistics for studying the activities of radioactive elements. Determination of
radioactivity in the solid samples and other important parameters of water samples.
1. Determination of operating voltage (plateau voltage) of a G.M. tube.
2. Studying counting statistics through measurement of radioactivity.
3. Determination of linear absorption coefficient and half-thickness values of different

materials.
4. Verification of the inverse square law.
5. Single and multi-channel γ-ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector.
6. Determination of γ-energy of unknown γ-source.
7. Determination of half-life of 137Ba radionuclide.
8. Determination of radioactivity in the solid samples (soil, cement and ash); Alpha
counting, Gamma spectrometry.
9. Determination of Percentage of available chlorine in bleaching powder.
10. Determination of salinity of water samples by simple titration method (AgNO3 /

potassium chromate)
11. Determination of pH, acidity and alkalinity of a water sample.
12. Determination of dissolved oxygen (DO) of a water sample.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
1. Follow safety procedures and demonstrate proper use of personal protective
equipment.
2. Demonstrate laboratory techniques that related to investigate according to the
experiments.
3. Apply principles of chemistry to the observations of substances experiencing physical
or chemical changes.
55
Recommended Texts:
1. D. D. Sood., S. B. Manohar and A. V. R. Reddy, Experiments in Radiochemistry Theory

and Practice, IANCAS Publications (2005).
.
2. R. A. Faires and G. G. J. Boswell, Radioisotopes Laboratory Techniques,
4thEd.,Butterworths, London (1981).
3. G. R. Choppin, Experimental Nuclear Chemistry, Prentice – Hall, Inc (1961).

availability of facilities
56
CHEM/4/CC/16: Project Work in Chemistry
Objectives: To learn about the concept of project work. To know about designing new
experiments and carry out the experiments. To know about the various
characterization techniques used to characterize the studied samples. To know about
the necessities of literature survey and to learn about writing dissertation of project
work.
At the end of the III-Semester, the Project title will be assigned to the students. The
Project title is based on the specialization of the individual faculty in the department. The
students are supposed to perform the project work in full during the entire semester
period i.e., IV semester. The evaluation of the project is to be conducted as mentioned
below:
i. The project work must be submitted by the student at least one week before the
commencement of semester examination i.e., IV Semester Exam.
ii. The project work shall be evaluated by a Board of Examiners (proposed by the Head of
the Department) to be approved by the Vice Chancellor.
iii. The evaluation of the project shall be completed before the commencement of IV
semester theory examinations.
iv. Right from the initial stage of defining the problem, the candidate has to submit the
progress reports periodically and also present his/her progress in the form of seminars in
addition to the regular discussion with the guide. Components of evaluation are as
follows.
Component –C1: Periodic Progress and Progress Reports (20%)

Component – C2: Results of Work and Draft Report (15%)
Component–C3: Final Viva-voce/Presentation (35%) and Project Report/ Dissertation
(30%).
v. A candidate shall be declared to have passed in the Project work if he/she gets not less
than 40% in C1+ C2 and 40% in C3 but not less than of 50% in C1, C2 and C3 if put
together.
vi. If C1 + C2 marks is less than 40%, candidate cannot submit the project report and he/ she
has to re-register for the same project.
vii. In case project report is submitted and viva-voce examination conducted, but marks in C3
is less than 40% or C1+C2+C3 marks are less than 50%, the candidate is said to have not
57
completed the Project Work and in that case Project Report must be re-submitted. Such
candidates need take again the Viva-Voce on the resubmitted Project.
1. Learn on their own, reflect on their learning to design and carry out new experiment.
2. Select the laboratory techniques to characterize the experiments proficiency.
3. Improve communication, team work and research skills.
4. Write a critical review of a research paper reporting of the project.
5. Evaluate data and properly determine their meaning to make correct and ethical
decisions.
58
Specialization Courses III & IV
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/4/SC/03 (A): Separation Techniques
Objectives: TO learn the fundamentals of separation techniques such as gas, liquid, HPLC, SFC
techniques and methods based on membrane and field separations.
Unit 1. Chromatography: Gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, HPLC, reverse phase

chromatographyand normal-phase chromatography. ion-exchange chromatography,
exchange capacity, screening effect. Application of ion exchange in the determination of
total salt concentration. Ion chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography,
Unit 2. supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Solvent Extraction: Principle and applications
of Super critical fluid extraction.
Unti 3. Crystallisation: Principle and applications of Zone refining, fractional crystallization.
Unit 4. Separation Techniques Based on Rate Processes:

i. Membrane separation: Dialysis, electro dialysis, electro-osmosis, reverse osmosis
ii. Field separation methods: Electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation.

1. Understand the various fundamental separation methods.
2. Describe the separation techniques chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography
(SFC), crystallisation and separation techniques based on rate processes.
3. Describe the instrumentation required for the various separation techniques and their
associated operating principles.
Recommended Texts:
1. J. D. Seader and E. H. Enley, Separation Process Principles, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons.
Inc., New York (2011).
2. B. L. Karger, L. R. Snyder and C. Howarth, An Introduction to Separation Sciences, 2nd
Ed., John Wiley, New York (1973).
1. G. H. and H. Freiser, Solvent Extraction in Analytical Chemistry, 1st Ed., John Wiley, New
York.
2. E. W. Berg, Chemical Methods of Separation, 1st ed., McGraw Hill, New York .
3. D. G. Peters, J. M. Hayes and C. M. Hieftj, Chemical Separation and Measurements, 2nd Ed.,
Saunders Holt, London (1974).
59
CHEM/4/SC/04 (A): Electro Analytical Methods
Objectives: To introduce various electrochemical methods and techniques and their applications
in the fields of analysis of trace organic materials and some pharmaceutical
importance molecules.
Unit 1. General Introduction to electrochemical methods and techniques: Overview of electrode

processes, reference electrodes. Mercury electrodes (DME, SME, HMDE), rotating
platinum electrode, three electrode system.
Unit 2. Polarography: Instrumentation. Interpretation of catalytic, kinetic, adsorption and

capacitive currents. Methods of quantitative analysis: Absolute, comparative, The PILOT
ION and kinetic methods.
Modern Polarography: Fundamentals of sampled depolarogaphy (Tast), oscilliography,

differential and derivative voltammetry, cyclic, pulse, alternating current and square
wave polarography. Determination of formula and stability constant of lead oxalate.
Unit 3. Electrochemical Techniques: Amperometric titration, determination of water using Karl

Fisher reagent, chronoamperometry, chronopotentiometry, controlled-potential and
constant current coulometry. Electrogravimetry.
Unit 4. Electrochemical analysis and sensors: Fundamentals of electrochemical sensor.

Electrochemiluminescence.
Electroanalysis of trace organic materials in aqueous environment - Carbonyl

compounds, simple aromatic compounds, polymeric compounds.
Reduction of inorganic cations - cadmium, cobalt, uranium and zinc.
Oxidative voltammetric analysis of molecules of pharmaceutical importance - Vitamins,

Analgesics, CNS agents including tranquilizers and sedatives.
1. Learn about the general introduction to electrochemical methods and techniques.
2. Study the polarography and modern polarography.
3. Learn electrochemical analysis and sensors.
4. Understand oxidative voltammetric analysis of molecules of pharmaceutical
importance.
60
Recommended Texts:
1. F.Scholz., Electroanalytical Methods, Springer-Verlog (2002).

st
2. J. Herovsky and K. Kuta, Principles of Polarography, 1 Ed., Academic Press,
New York (1966).
3. D.A. Skoog, F.J. Holler and T.A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 5th Ed.,
Saunders college Publishing, Harcourt Brace & Company, U.S.A(1998).
4. A.J. Bard and L.R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications,
2nd Ed., Wiley, New York(2001).

1. P. Monk., Fundamentals of Electroanalytical Chemistry, J. Wiley.
2. P.T. Kissinger & W.R. Heineman., Laboratory Techniques in Electroanalytical Chemistry,
Marcel Dekker.
3. C. M. A. Brett and A. M. O. Brett, Electroanalysis, Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford
University Press (1998).
61
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/4/SC/03 (I): Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry
Marks[Scaled]: 100 (End Semester Exam: 60% + Internal: 40%) Credit distribution: 3-1-0
Objectives: To introduce various spectroscopic concepts such as NMR, EPR, NQR, IR and Raman to
understand the chemistry of inorganic and bio inorganic molecules.
Unit 1. NMR Spectroscopy: (i) Use of Chemical shifts and spin-spin couplings for structural
determination (ii) Double resonance and dynamic processes in NMR (iii) Decoupling
phenomenon, nuclear Overhauser effect and structural applications in 13C NMR (iv) 1H NMR
of paramagnetic substances.
Unit 2. Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy: Basic principle, hyperfine splitting (isotropic
system); The g-value and the factors affecting thereof; Anisotropic effects (the g-value and
the hyperfine couplings); The EPR of triplet states (zero-field splitting), structural
applications to transition metal complexes.
Unit 3. NQR Spectroscopy: Introduction (nuclear quardrupole moment and electric field
gradients), principle and its applications.
Mossbauer Spectroscopy: Basic principle, spectral parameters (isomer shift, electric
quadrupole interactions, magnetic interactions), temperature-dependent effects, structural
deductions for iron, gold, and tin complexes.
Unit 4. Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Comparison of IR and Raman spectroscopies,

applications of vibrational spectroscopy in investigating (i) Mode of bonding of ambidentate
ligands (thiocyanate, isocyanate and urea). (ii) Resonance Raman and surface enhanced
Raman spectroscopy with emphasis on application to biomolecules.
1. Study the structural methods in inorganic chemistry: NMR Spectroscopy, EPR
Spectroscopy, NQR Spectroscopy, and IR and Raman Spectroscopy.
2. Learn in detail the NOE, dynamic NMR, chemical exchange, and/or paramagnetic shift
in coordination complexes and metalloproteins in addition to Basics of in-situ NMR.
3. Understanding of orbital contribution to g-value, anisotropy in EPR, g-value variation in
first row transition metal complexes& metalloproteins, hyperfine couplings in solid state,
in solution, besides superhyperfine coupling and zero-field splitting in coordination
complexes& metalloproteins.
4. Investigate the applications of vibrational spectroscopy.
5. Analyze the nuclear quadrupole moment of metal ions in coordination complexes using
NQR spectroscopy.
62
Recommended Texts:
1. R.S. Drago, Physical Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, 1st Ed., Affiliated East-West
Press, New Delhi(1965).
2. K. Nakamoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds,
4th Ed., John Weily& Sons, New York(1963).
3. W.Kemp, Organic Spectroscopy, 3rd Ed., Mac Millan, London(1987).

1. R.S. Drago, Physical Methods in Chemistry, International Edition, Affiliated East-West
Press, New Delhi(1992).
2. G. Aruldhas, Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New
Delhi.
3. A. K. Brisdon, Inorganic Spectroscopic Methods, Oxford Chemistry Primers, Oxford
University Press.
63
CHEM/4/SC/04 (I): Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry-II
Objectives: To learn the chemistry of supramolecuies, macrocyclic complexes, inorganic

photochemistry, nuclear chemistry their applications.
Unit 1. Macrocyclic Complexes: Macrocylic ligands- synthesis by coordination template effect,

di- and poly-nuclear macrocyclic complexes; applications of macrocyclic complexes.
Unit 2. Supramolecular Chemistry: Concept of supramolecular chemistry, Molecular recognition,

Design of supramolecular through non-covalent interactions and their applications in
transport processes.
Unit 3. Molecular Magnetic Materials: Basic concepts of molecular magnetism, Types of

magnetic interactions, Inorganic and organic ferro-magnetic materials, spin cross-over
(synthetic & biological), exchange interactions in dinuclear compounds (dipolar, Isotropic,
anisotropic and anti-symmetric interactions).
Unit 4. Inorganic photochemistry: (i) Excited states of transition metal complexes, photo excited
states. Photo-oxidation and photoreduction. Photochemical processes: electron transfer
reactions of transition metal complexes and photochromism. (ii) light-to-chemical energy
conversion in lamellar solids and thin films, solar energy conversion by dye sensitized
photovoltaic cells.
Nuclear chemistry: Nuclear reactions, fission and fusion, radio-analytical techniques and
activation analysis.
1. Learn about the macrocyclic complexes, synthesis and applications Study the concept
of supramolecular chemistry and their applications their transport processes.
2. Study about the molecular magnetic materials and its basic concepts and its types
3. To familiarize the Inorganic photochemistry.
4. To study about the solar energy conversion by dye sensitized photovoltaic cells
5. To learn about the concepts of nuclear chemistry, types of nuclear reactions, radio
analytical techniques and activation analysis.
64
Recommended Texts:
1. Jean-Marie Lehn, SupramolecularChemsitry, VCH, Weinheim(1995).
2. J.W. Steed & J.L. Atwood., Supramolecular Chemistry, J. Wiley (2000).
3. Oliver Kahn, Molecular Magnetism. VCH, Weinheim(1993).
4. H. J. Arnikar, Essentials of Nuclear chemistry, 4th Ed., Wiley-Eastern Ltd. New

Delhi(1995).

1. F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, C.A. Murillo and M. Bochmann, Advanced Inorganic
Chemistry, 6thEdn., John Wiley & sons (Asia) Pvt. Ltd. Singapore(1999).
2. P. D. Beer, P. A. Gale, and D. K. Smith, Supramolecular Chemistry, Oxford Chemistry
Primers, Oxford University Press
3. E. C. Constable, Coordination Chemistry of Macrocyclic Compounds, Oxford Chemistry
Primers, Oxford University Press
4. D.M. Roundhill, Photochemistry & Photophysics of Metal Complexes, Plenum Press
65
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/4/SC/03 (O): Selected Topics in Organic Chemistry
Objectives: To learn the chemistry of heterocycles, carbohydrates, alkaloids, steroids and

their importance.
Unit 1. The Chemistry of Heterocycles: (i) Condensed pyrroles – Indoles (ii) Azoles-oxazoles,
isoxazoles, pyrazoles, imidazoles and thiazoles (iii) Six-membered rings- Pyrimidines and
purines. Structure and synthesis of caffeine. Nucleic Acids: Double helical structure of
DNA, and RNA.
Unit 2. Carbohydrates: Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides. Glyco-proteins and Glyco-lipids.

Terpenoids: Classification of terpenoids and structure of Caryophyllene, longifoline and
abietic acid. Biogenesis of some important mono; sesqui, di and tri-terpenes.
Unit 3. Alkaloids: A general account of the classification; structure of narcotine, lysergic acid,
Reserpine and quinine; stereochemistry of Morphine and Quinine.
Unit 4. (i) Steroids: Structure of Cholesterol, testosterone, progesterone and estrogen and
biogenesis of steroids and correlation with terpenoids.
(ii) Vitamins: Structure and function of Thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), pyridoxine (B6),
Biotin (B7) and Folic acid (B9). Structure and Function of B-carotene and vitamin D. Basic
idea of (human eye) vision.
1. Preparations, reactivity and mechanisms of natural derivatives can be performed.
2. Familiarize the classification of carbohydrate and the functions of gylcolipids and
gylicoproteins and other selected terpenoids.
3. Structure of alkaloids, stereochemistry of reserpine, quinine and morphine, synthesis of
Morphine.
4. Familiarize the classification of steroids; Structure and function of selected Steriods.
5. Acquire the knowledge about the structure and Functions of water soluble vitamins and
basic ideas of human vision.
66
Recommended Texts:
1. NityaAnand, J,D, Bindra and S. Ranganathan, Art in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Ed., Holden
Day, San Francisco(1970).
2. T. L. Gilchrist, Heterocyclic Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Addison-Wesley Longman Ltd., England
(1997).
3. I.L. Finar, Organic Chemistry, Vol. II., 5th Ed., ELBS and Longman Ltd. New Delhi
(1975).
4. J.W.Apsimon, Total Synthesis of Natural Products, Vol. 1-6. Wiley-
IntersciencePublicaiton, New York(1975).

1. S.W, Pelletier, Chemistry of the Alkaloids, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York
2. K.W. Bentley, The Alkaloids,Vol-I., Interscince Publishers, New York
3. B. G. Davis and A. J. Fairbanks, Carbohydrate chemistry, Oxford Chemistry Primers,
Oxford University Press.
4. J.S. Bindra and R. Bindra, Creativity in Organic Synthesis.
67
CHEM/4/SC/04 (O): Reagents and Organic Synthesis
Objectives: To learn the concepts of multi-step synthesis, oxidation, reduction reactions and
other reactions played by selected organic reagents.
Unit 1. Concepts of Multi-Step Synthesis: Retrosynthesis and disconnection approach, synthons,

selectivities, umpolung concepts, functional group interconversions, protection and
deprotection of functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl carboxylic and amino groups).
Unit 2. Reduction: (i) Complex metal hydride reductions: LiAlH4 and NaBH4,reduction of
aldehydes and ketones, stereochemistry of ketone reduction, (ii) Reductionof conjugated
systems: Birch reduction (iii) Sodium cyano borohydride, trialkyl borohydrides (iv)
Miscellaneous: Tributyltin hydride, Wilkinson’s catalyst, Wolf Kishner reduction,
Clemmenson reduction
Unit 3. Oxidation: (i) Oxidation with peracids: Oxidation of carbon-carbon double bonds
(sharplessepoxidation), carbonyl compounds, allyliccarbon-hydrogen bonds (ii)
Oxidation with selenium dioxide and osmium tetraoxide, HIO4 (iii) Woodward and
Prevost hydroxylation (iv) Oxidation with lead tetraacetate, mercuric acetate, MnO2,
Ag2CO3, oppenauer oxidation. .
Unit 4. Reagents and Reactions:
(i) Gilman’s Reagent-Lithium dimethylcuprate

(ii) Lithium diisopropylamide(LDA)
(iii) Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DDC)
(iv) Trimethylsilyl iodide
(v) Organophosphorus compounds (Wittig reaction)
(vi) Sulphurylides
(vii) Phase transfer catalysts: Quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts,
Crown ethers.
(viii) Heck reaction
(ix) Suzuki coupling/Sonogashira
1. Familiarize the basic concepts of multi-step synthesis – retrosysnthesis, disconnection
approach and functional groups interconversions.
2. Study the concepts of reduction and oxidation.
3. Understand the reagents and reactions of selected organic molecules.
68
Recommended Texts:
1. H.O. House, Modern Synthetic Reactions, 2nd Ed., Benjamin/Cummings Publishing

Company, California (1972).
2. L.F. Fieser and M.Fieser, Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Vol. 1-16, Wiley-Interscience,
New York (1967).
3. M.B. Smith and J.March, March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanisms
& Structure, 5th Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York (2001).
Additional Reference Books:
1. M. B. Smith, Organic Synthesis, McGraw Hill Inc., New York (1995).

2. J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren, and E. Wothers, Organic Chemistry, Oxford Univ.
Press, Oxford (2001).
3. P. R. Jenkins, Organometallic Reagents in Synthesis, Oxford science Publ., Oxford
(1992).
69
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SPECIALIZATION
CHEM/4/SC/03(P): Photochemistry
Objectives: To know about photophysical processes in electronically excited molecules,

photophysical kinetics of bimolecular processes, photochemical reactions and some of
their relationships with the current status.
Unit 1. Photophysical Processes in Electronically Excited Molecules: Absorption and emission

of radiation: Einstein Co-efficients – Franck - Condon principle – decay of electronically
excited states, spin allowed and spin forbidden transition. Radiation-less transition -
fluorescence emission. Triplet states and phosphorescence emission. Photophysical kinetics
of unimolecular processes. Factors affecting Fluorescence and Phosphorescence; Prompt
and delayed Fluorescence.
Unit 2. Photophysical Kinetics of Bimolecular Processes: Bimolecular collisions in gases and
vapours and the mechanism of fluorescence quenching. Kinetics of collision quenching:
Stern-Volmer Equation. Concentration dependence of quenching and excimer formation.
Mechanism of quenching. Techniques: Measurement of emission characteristics –
fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Techniques for the study of
transient species in photochemical reactions.
Unit 3. Photochemical Primary Processes: Rate constant and lifetime of reactive energy states.
Types of photochemical reactions.
Unit 4. Some Current Topics in Photochemistry: Chemistry of stratospheric ozone, plant

photosynthesis, photodynamic therapy of tumor. Lasers in photochemical kinetics.
1. Describe and explain photochemical and photophysical processes and mechanisms with
suitable theoretical models and apply experimental methods for the investigation of these
processes.
2. Apply knowledge about photochemical and photophysical processes.
3. Study about the types of photochemistry and their current topics.
Recommended Texts:
1. J. G. Carvert and J. N. Pitts, jr., Photochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1966).
2. K. K. Rohtagi-Mukherjee, Fundamentals of Photochemistry, 2nd Edition, New Age

International, New Delhi (1974).
70
3. R. P. Wayne, Principles and Applications of Photochemistry, Oxford University Press,
Oxford (1988).
CHEM/4/SC/03(P): Physical Methods in Chemistry
Objectives: To learn basic concepts of electrochemical techniques for studying electrode

kinetics and corrosion. Interpretation of cyclic voltammetry, vibrational and
photoelectron spectroscopy and techniques for studying surface structures.
Unit 1. Electrochemical Techniques: Impedance technique – Application for studying electrode

kinetics and corrosion. Application of rotating disc electrode (RDE) for measurement of
electrochemical rate constant.
Cyclic Voltammetry: Cell design, instrumentation, current-potential relation for linear

sweep voltammetry(LSV), cyclic voltammetry, interpretation of voltammograms.
Unit 2.Vibrational Spectroscopy: Vibration of polyatomic molecules. Introduction to normal

coordinate analysis.IR and Raman transitions. Applications to surface studies. Reflection-
absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS).Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Unit 3. Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Related Techniques: Principle and applications to

studies of molecules and surfaces: UPES and XPS. Auger electron and X-ray fluorescence
spectroscopy (AES & XRF).
Unit 4. Techniques for Studying Surface Structure: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED).
Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy (STM and AFM). Neutron Diffraction:
Principle and applications.
1. Acquired basic knowledge of electrode and electrochemical techniques.
2. Study the about the application for studying electrode kinetics and corrosion and
rotating disc electrode (RDE) for measurement of electrochemical rate constant.
3. Learn about the cyclic voltammetry and its cell design, instrumentation, current-
potential and interpretation of voltammograms.
4. Understand the techniques involving Vibrational Spectroscopy, Photoelectron
Spectroscopy and Related Techniques
5. Expertise the various techniques for studying surface structure and neutron diffraction.
71
Recommended Texts:
1. A. J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications;
2nd Ed., John Wiley& Sons, New York
2. J. M. Hollas, Modern Spectroscopy, 4th Ed., John Wiley &Sons, Chichester (1994).
4. A. K. Cheetham and P. Day, Solid State Chemistry Techniques, Oxford Univ. Press.
Oxford (1987).
4. Morris Sylvin, Surface Chemistry (Adsorption), Sarup& Sons, New Delhi (2005).
1. C. N. Banwell and E. M. McCash, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4th Ed., Tata

McGraw Hill, New Delhi
2. E. M. McCash, Surface Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford
72
Group A
(Open Elective for Second Semester)
CHEM/2/OE/01(i): Chemistry in Life
Objectives: To make the students aware of benefits and effects of chemicals used
in day-to-day life. To know about environment pollution and health effects of some
of the pollutants.
Unit 1. Chemicals of day-to-day life: Fuel: Petroleum derived fuels such as Petrol, Diesel and
Natural Gas. Carbonated Drinks: Aspartame and caffeine. Alcoholic beverages: Beer and
Wine. Basic idea of Hangover. Effects of alcohol on liver. Permanent hair coloring agents:
Diphenylamine, para-aminophenol and use of peroxides. Emulsions: Ice cream,
Mayonnaise and Detergents. Polymers: Addition Polymers: Polyethene and PVC.
Condensation Polymers: Kevlar, Ester and Amide polymers.
Unit 2. Environment and Pollution: Water: Sources, Pollution and Purification. Basics of
Desalination. Air: Ozone layer and ozone depletion. Air pollution: Volatile organic
compounds and photochemical smog. Zhum cultivation and environmental pollutants: Poly
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Particulate matter. The green house effect. Acid rain.
Indoor pollutants: Health effects of second hand smoke and Asbestosis.
1. Explain the basic concepts, effects and use of chemicals of day-to-day life.
2. Learn about Environment and Pollution and health effects.
3. Gain knowledge about air pollution, water pollution and air pollution.
4. Know about green house effect, acid rain, indoor pollutants and environmental
pollutants.
Books Recommended:
1. C. Baird, Chemistry in Your life, (2006) 2nd ED., WH Freeman
2. E. Stocchi, Industrial Chemistry, Vol. I, Ellis Horwood Ltd. UK.
3. S. E. Manahan (2005) Environmental Chemistry, CRC Press

1. G.T. Miller, (2006) Environmental Science 11th Ed., Brooks-Cole
73
CHEM/2/OE/01(ii): Medicinal Chemistry
Objectives: To provide basic information about the relationship between structure and activity of
different class of drugs, design and applications with respect to the pharmacological
values.
Unit 1. Structure and Activity: Relationship between chemical structure and biological activity
(SAR). SAR of Chloroquine, primaquine, Mefloquine, Diclofenac Sodium and celecoxib.
Receptor site theory. Drug Design & Development, pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics.
Unit 2. Antibiotics and Antibacterials: SAR Of various antibiotics: β-Lactam type Antibiotic -
Penicillins, Cephalosporins; Streptomycin; Tetracyclines; D-actinomycin (Actinomycin D);
Polyenes; Ciprofoxacin, Norfloxacin; and Acyclovir.
Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
1. Helps in correlating between pharmacology of a disease and its mitigation or cure.
2. Know the structure and activity relationship of different class of drugs.
3. Get knowledge about the mechanism pathways of different class of medicinal compounds.
4. Understand the chemistry of drugs with respect to the pharmacological activity.
Books Recommended:
1. A.Burger, Medicinal Chemistry, Vol.I-III, Wiley IntersciencePub.New York (1981).
2. D.Lednicer and L.A. Mitscher, The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis, Vol.1-III, Wiley
Interscience (1977).
3. W. O. Foye, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Lea &Febiger/Varghese Publishing

House, Bombay
74
CHEM/2/OE/1(iii): Applied Radiation Chemistry
Objectives: To understand the basic elements of radiation chemistry, nuclear decay,

radiolysis and to analyze the theoretical concepts, experimental techniques and
its application in the study of radiation chemistry.
Unit 1. Elements of Radiation Chemistry: Radiation sources, Passage of radiation (α, β, γ &X)
through matter and consequent changes; Absorption coefficients; Units for measuring
Radiation Absorbed, Radiation Dosimetry; Frickesdosimetry, G-value.
Radiolysis of Water & Aqueous Solutions; Fe2+-Fe3+ system; Experimental

determinations of G-value, Radiolysis of some organic halogenated compounds;
Radiation induced polymerization; Free radicals.
Unit 2. Experimental Techniques in the Study of Radiation Chemistry-pulse radiolysis and EPR
spectroscopy;Chemical Effects of Nuclear Transformations (Szilard-Chalmers Reaction);
Radiation damage and annealing. Applications of Radiation Chemistry: Alpha decay
applications, Mass Spectrometry with accelerators, Diagnostic nuclear medicine,
Therapeutic nuclear medicine.
1. Study about elements of radiation chemistry.
2. Gain an understanding of the properties of an atomic nucleus that make it unstable and
undergo nuclear decay.
3. Learn about the radiolysis of water & aqueous solutions and analysis about the
radiation induced polymerization; free radicals.
4. Analyze the theoretical and experimental techniques and its application in the study of
radiation chemistry.
Books Recommended:
1. J.W.T. Spinks and R.J. Wood, An Introduction to Radiation Chemistry.
2. Kenneth S. Krane, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., (1988), ISBN:
978-81-265-1785-5.
3. H.J. Arnikar, Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry, 4th Ed., Wiley-Eastern, New Delhi
4. G.R. Choppin, Experimental Nuclear Chemistry, Prentice-Hall.
75
Group B
(Open Elective for Third Semester)
CHEM/3/OE/2(ii): Science of Aging and Its Prevention
Objectives: To provide basic information about aging of the skin, oxidative stress and their
causes and prevention.
Unit 1. Aging: Aging of the skin. Classification of free radicals and their generation. Oxidative
stress and free radical damage to biological Systems. Simple methods for the detection of
free radicals. Various disease conditions due to oxidative stress.
Unit 2. Antioxidant classification: water soluble antioxidants and lipid soluble antioxidants in
nature. Family of Antioxidants: Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant systems in biology.
Prevention of oxidative stress and Antioxidant capacity. Antioxidant assays.
1. Get a clear picture about the aging and its classification of free radicals and their
generation.
2. Study about free radical damage to biological Systems and various disease conditions.
3. Learn the basics of antioxidants, classifications and family.
4. Understand the prevention of oxidative stress and antioxidant assays.
Books Recommended:
1. B. Halliwell and J. M. C. Gutteridge, Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Oxford University
Press, Oxford (2003).
2. Cigarette Smoke and Oxidative Stress, B. B. Halliwell and H. E. Poulsen, (Ed.), Springer-Verlag,
Berlin (2006).
3. Antioxidants In Foods, Practical Applications, J. Pokorny, N. Yanishlieva, and M. Gordon,

(Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton (2001).
76
CHEM/3/OE/2(iii): Trace Analysis
Objective: To make the students aware of trace elements, their importance, statistical
approaches in the analysis of such trace elements, instrumentation and
applications of various spectroscopic techniques.
.
Unit 1. Statistical Approaches in Trace Analysis: Measures of Variability, Statndard
error, mean, confidence intervals, Z-test, Student t-test, ANOVA, Correlation and Regression
Analysis, Least square fitting of linear and non-linear equations. Quality
Assurance/Quality Control Protocols (QA/QC)
Trace Analysis: Concept and Importance of Trace Analysis.
Principle and Applications: Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA), Particle Induced X-ray
Emission (PIXE), Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA).
Unit 2. Basic Principle, Instrumentation and Applications of Atomic Absorption

Spectrometry (AAS), Atomic Emission Spectrometer (AES), Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-
Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Spectrometers. Isotope-ratio measurements by ICP-MS.
1. Understand the purpose of problem solving, predicting outcomes, explaning
phenomena and describing relationships of statistical approaches in trace analysis.
2. Study about the principles and applications of NAA, PIXE and NRA.
3. Develop criteria to evaluate cases and problems within a specific student-selected
project within a specialized chemistry sub discipline.
4. Learn about the spectrometers, principles and its applications.
Books Recommended:
1. G. D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, Wiley India Edition, Sixth Edition, (2011),
ISBN: 978-81-265-1113-6.
2. D.A. Skoog, D.M. West, F.J. Holler, S.R. Crouch, Analytical Chemistry- An
introduction, 7th Ed., Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, London.
3. S. Lahiri, Advanced Trace Analysis, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, ISBN:
978-81-8487-029-9.
4. F. W. Fifield and D. Kealey, Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry, 5th Ed.,
Blackwell Science Publishing Ltd. New Delhi. ISBN: 1-4051-2425-3.
77
CHEM/3/OE/2(iii): Analytical Techniques in Chemical Analysis
Objectives: To understand the basic principles of various spectroscopic techniques for

chemical and surface analysis. Instrumentation and applications.
Unit 1.Scattering Phenomenon: Surface Sensitivity and Surface Sensitive Techniques.

Fundamentals of Electron, X-ray and neutron scattering.Basic prnciples in chemical
analysis.Instrumentation and Applications of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Auger
Electron Spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF).
Unit 2. Surface Imaging: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron

Microscopy (TEM), Mapping with Electron Dispersive Analysis (EDX). Atomic force
microscopy (AFM) analytical methods in surface analysis of Biological and Chemical Samples.
1. Acquire knowledge about the basic principles in chemical analysis.
2. Understand the instrumentation and applications of different types of spectroscopy.
3. Learn about the scattering phenomena of electrons.
4. Gain knowledge about basic knowledge of surface analysis of biological and chemical
samples and instrumentation.
Books Recommended:
1. R.F. Egerton, Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy – An introduction to TEM SEM
and AEM, Springer Verlog (2005)
2. S. Lahiri, Advanced Trace Analysis, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-
81-8487-029-9.
3. J. M. Hollas, Modern Spectroscopy, 4th Ed., John Wiley & sons, Chichester
4. E. M. Mc Cash, Surface Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
5. Ray F. Egerton, Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy An Introduction to TEM,
SEM, and AEM, Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. (2005), ISBN-10: 0-387-25800-
0
78

Chemistry-M SC

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Chemistry-M SC

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chemistry-M SC

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SYLLABUS

Course Code Name of course distribution

I SEMESTER (22 Credits)

1 CHEM/1/FC/01 Basics of Analytical Chemistry FC 2 0 0 2 100

2 CHEM/1/FC/02 Basics of Inorganic Chemistry FC 2 0 0 2 100

3 CHEM/1/CC/01 Analytical Chemistry CC 1 1 0 2 100

4 CHEM/1/CC/02 Organic Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100

5 CHEM/1/CC/03 Physical Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100

Quantum Chemistry and

7 CHEM/1/CC/05 Laboratory work-I (organic) CC 0 0 6 6 100

Course Code Name of course distribution

II SEMESTER (22 Credits)

9 CHEM/2/FC/04 Group Theory FC 2 0 0 2 100

10 CHEM/2/CC/06 Environmental Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100

11 CHEM/2/CC/07 Inorganic Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100

12 CHEM/2/CC/08 Molecular Spectroscopy CC 3 1 0 4 100

13 CHEM/2/OE/01 Open Elective-I CC 2 0 0 2 100

14 CHEM/2/CC/09 Laboratory work-II (Inorganic) CC 0 0 6 6 100

Course Code Name of course distribution

III SEMESTER (22 Credits)

15 CHEM/3/CC/10 Biological Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100

16 CHEM/3/CC/11 Materials Chemistry CC 2 1 0 3 100

17 CHEM/3/SC/01 Soft Course-I SC 3 1 0 4 100

18 CHEM/3/SC/02 Soft Course-II SC 3 1 0 4 100

19 CHEM/3/OE/02 Open Elective-II OE 2 0 0 2 100

20 CHEM/3/CC/12 Laboratory work-III (Physical) CC 0 0 6 6 100

Course Code Name of course distribution

IV SEMESTER (22 Credits)

21 CHEM/4/CC/13 Instrumentation Techniques CC 2 1 0 3 100

23 CHEM/4/SC/03 Soft Course-III SC 3 1 0 4 100

24 CHEM/4/SC/04 Soft Course-IV SC 3 1 0 4 100

Laboratory work-IV (Nuclear &

26 CHEM/4/CC/16 Project Work in Chemistry CC 0 0 7 7 100

(One of the following specializations to be selected)

(A) – Analytical Chemistry (I) – Inorganic Chemistry

1. Analytical Chemistry Specialization

2. Inorganic Chemistry Specialization

Specialization Courses – III & IV (for IV Semester)

(One of the following groups as per specialization to be selected)

1. Analytical Chemistry Specialization

4. Physical Chemistry Specialization

Group A (II Semester) Group B (III Semester)

CHEM/1/FC/01: Basics of Analytical Chemistry

Unit 1. Chemical analysis, classification of analytical methods, methods selection, techniques of

Additional Recommended Books:

Unit 2. Fundamentals of Coordination Chemistry: Metal ions, Ligands, Complex ions,

Additional Recommended Books:

Objectives: To learn about automation and automated devices, concepts of equilibrium,

Unit 2.Concept of Equilibrium: Solvents and solutions, general treatment of equilibria in

Unit 3. Spectrophotometric Determination of Stoichiometry of Complexes: Job’s method of

Unit 4. Chromatographic Separation Methods: General principle of solid-liquid, liquid-liquid

Additional Recommended Books:

Objective: To impart the knowledge about aromaticity, c structure-reactivity relationships,

Unit 1. Stability of aromaticity: Stability of Aromatic compounds.Benzenoid and Non-

Stereochemistry: Concept of chirality, enantiomers, meso-compounds, disstereoisomers

Unit 3. Nuleophilic Substitution:

Additional Recommended Books: