Forefront Journal of Engineering &Technology

Volume 2, Issue 3, Mar 2020, 9-22

©Scientific Forefront Journals

REVIEW ON CHEMICAL-BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF THIAZOLE DERIVATIVES

Nagham Mahmood Aljamali1, Manar Ghyath Abd‑Almutalib Almosawy2, Ahmed Adnan Abdul Hussein3,
Nour Alhuda Abdul Abbas Bahar4, Rajaa Abdul Ameer Ghafil5 & Noorhan Ali Hamza6

1
Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Chemistry Field, Iraq
2
Lecturer in Chemistry, Imam Jafar Al-Sadiq University, Najaf, Iraq.
3
M.Sc, College of Health and Medical techniques-Kufa, University of Alfurat Al-Awsat Techniques, Iraq.
4
M.Sc, Assistant. Lecturer, Third Teacher in Education Ministry, Iraq.
5
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Girls, Kufa University, Iraq.
6
Assistant. Lecturer, Alsafwa University, College, Iraq.

ABSTRACT

This review showed many chemical methods for preparation, reactions, applications, uses of thiazole derivatives
in many fields like in: coordination chemistry, analytical reagents, biological field like in antibacterial agents, antifungal
agents, in a medicinal chemistry or in pharmaceutical chemistry like as a drug. The review covers possible chemical and
medical applications of thiazoles derivatives.

KEYWORDS: Thiazole, Bicycles, Biological Activity, Preparation, Reactions.

INTRODUCTION
(1-3)
Thiazole Derivatives are planar and aromatic (pi-electron delocalization and greater aromaticity than ox
azoles:

Figure 1: Formula of Thiazole

Synthetic drugs belonging to the thiazolecore involve the antimicrobial agents like sulfathiazole, penicillin,
antineoplastic agents Bleomycin, Tiazofurin, anti-HIV drug, antiulcer agent. Additionally, extensively applied thiazole
(4-9)
derivatives are the non-steroidal drug and anti-inflammatory drug Meloxicam. Thiazole derivatives have exhibited
(10-16)
encouraging anti-fungal activity, microbial activity , with marine ancestries reveal antitumor besides to antiviral
(17-29) (30-38)
activities , many other applications .

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10 Nagham Mahmood Aljamali, Manar Ghyath Abd‑Almutalib Almosawy, Ahmed Adnan
Abdul Hussein, NourAlhuda Abdul Abbas Bahar & Rajaa Abdul Ameer Ghafil

Figure 2: Applications of Thiazole

General Synthetic Routes to Thiazole Derivatives

1- Synthesis of Thiazole derivatives through Ring closure with reflux and Lawesson reagent

Figure 3: Preparation of Thiazole Derivative via Ring Closure

2- Preparation of Thiazole Derivative Via Thione Group: by reaction between thione group from thio-compound
with any carbonyl group of alkoyl halide

Figure 4: Preparation of Thiazole Derivative via Thione Group

3- Preparation of Thiazole Derivative Via Condensation with Thiourea: by condensation reaction to yield cycles
of thiazole derivatives in Temperature more than (75 C°)

Figure 5: Preparation of Thiazole Derivative via Condensation with Thiourea

4- Preparation of Thiazole Derivatives via Isothiocyanate compounds: Isothiocyanate compounds Cyclize with
Amine-thiol Compounds by condensation reaction at more than (75 C°).

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Review on chemical-Biological Applications of Thiazole Derivatives 11

Figure 6: Preparation of Thiazole Derivatives from Cyclization

5- Preparation of Thiazole Derivatives via Cyclization: Cyclization of Amine compounds with thiol Compounds
by condensation reaction at more than (75 C°) with carboxyl halides.

Figure 7: Preparation of Thiazole Derivatives via Acyl Halides

6- Preparation of Thiazole Derivatives Via Thiocyanate Compounds :By reaction with thio cyanate at room
temperature

Figure 8: Preparation of Thiazole Derivatives via Acyl Halides

General Reactions for Thiazole Compounds

There are many reactions like Electrophilic, Substitution, Oxidation Reaction

Figure 9: General Reactions of Thiazole

APPLICATIONS OF THIAZOLE
In Coordination Chemistry as a Ligand Sandor Complexes

Several studies described the synthesis of thiazole derivatives (39-42) involve donated atoms like (Nitrogen, Sulfur)
in their structures that participate as ligands in the coordination chemistry field (43-50).

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12 Nagham Mahmood Aljamali, Manar Ghyath Abd‑Almutalib Almosawy, Ahmed Adnan
Abdul Hussein, NourAlhuda Abdul Abbas Bahar & Rajaa Abdul Ameer Ghafil

Figure 10: Thiazole as a Ligands and Complexs

Applications in Medical and Pharmaceutical Fields

One of the proficient and regularly applied directions of search for different active derivatives is centered on the
source of privileged structures annealing in the abbreviated systems (51-55). This method includes a combination of different
heterocyclic pharma-cores in one bio-compound besides to it can be successfully explained through thiazoles derivatives
(56-64)
.

Figure 11: Thiazole Derivatives as Anticancer

Applications in Biological Fields

Thiazole moiety-including compounds linked with imine groups or azogroups (65-73) established wide application in drug for
the treatment of HIV infections.

Figure 12: Thiazole Derivatives against HIV infections

Figure 13: Thizole Derivatives as Antimicrobial Reagent

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Review on chemical-Biological Applications of Thiazole Derivatives 13

Thiazole Derivatives as antifungal

(74-82)
Other studies discussed the inhibition and antiviral activity consequence synthesis of benzothiazole
derivatives linked with sulphonamide with also groups in same compounds

Figure 14: Thiazole Derivatives as Antifungal

The thiazole derivatives have an important component impact of the pharma-cores of a great number of
pharmaceutical significance bio-compounds and the estimation of their biotic action, like antibacterial, anti-tubercular,
anti-fungal, besides to medical applications (83-94), is desirable, like anti-inflammatory activities.

Figure 15: Thiazole Derivatives (anti-inflammatory)

Formerly, in vitro antitumor evaluation literatures of altered (thiazole derivatives) exhibited their potent with
selective nanomolar inhibitory activity(95-100)contrary, to a large range of human cancerous cell lines like breast, leukemia,
colon, lung, CNS, melanoma, ovarian, besides(101-107) to prostate cell lines.

Figure 16: Thiazole Derivatives as Antitumor Agents

Human malaria transpires via transmission of Plasmodium sporozoites (109-115) through a taster from an infected
anopheles mosquito. In scientific studies, two chemical compounds were prepared and screened against Malaria (116-120).

Figure 17: Thiazole Derivatives as Anti- Malaria

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14 Nagham Mahmood Aljamali, Manar Ghyath Abd‑Almutalib Almosawy, Ahmed Adnan
Abdul Hussein, NourAlhuda Abdul Abbas Bahar & Rajaa Abdul Ameer Ghafil

CONCLUSIONS

According to all the above, the directed search for thiazole derivatives is justified besides to promising direction
in the pharmaceutical chemistry because it acts the core in many bio-molecules and many drugs.

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