THE IMPORTANCE OF MINI LATHE MACHINE IN THE INSTITUTION FOR

LEARNING MODULE

Cuison, Ruben U.
Estrada, Adrian Jayson C.
Fernandez, John Rey M.
Flores, Excel Vien D.
Gallego, Reinzo B.
Jugo, Roque M.
Pagdagdagan, Lee Hanzel S.
Quinto, Eduard John L.
Servito, Deither C.
Suratos, Regine L.
Teodoro, Michael Vince O.

School of Engineering
Colegio de Dagupan
Arellano Street, Dagupan City

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

 CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Machining is one of the most important material removal methods in the technology of

manufacturing. It is basically a collection of material working processes that involves other

processes such as drilling, shaping, sawing, planning, reaming, and grinding among others.

Machining is practically a part of the manufacture of all metals and other materials such as plastics,

and wood as well. An important machine that is useful in machining is the lathe machine.

In certain of this we come up with the idea of creating our own lathe machine into a portable

one to provide a learning module for the students of Mechanical Engineering in our school.

A lathe machine is used for rotating a workpiece in order to perform sanding, cutting,

drilling, knurling and turning operations on the workpiece. Lathes have been used on

woodworking, metal parts and also on plastic nylon parts for a long time in the industry. So here

we study the design and fabrication of a mini lathe machine. Our machine consists of a motor with

belt arrangement used to drive the lathe chuck. The machine consists of a bed with a movable

arrangement. It consists of a holder in order to hold the desired tool in desired position. We use a

chuck attached to the spindle shaft in order to run the motor. Our motor once powered transmits

this power to the spindle through a belt mechanism, which is then used to rotate the chuck. This

rotates the workpiece in chuck. The machine is built to hold and rotate the workpiece and move

the tool in a sliding mechanism, so as to achieve the desired operations. The machine outer frame
is designed to hold the workpiece firmly with tool in place so as to achieve desired operations with

ease. Thus, we successfully study the design and fabrication.

The first lathe was a simple lathe which was is now referred to as two-person lathe. One

person would turn the wood work piece using rope and the other person would shape the work

piece using a sharp tool. This design was improved by Ancient Romans who added a turning bow

which eased the wood work. Later a pedal (as in manual sewing machines) was used for rotating

the work piece. This type of lathe is called “spring pole” lathe which was used till the early decades

of the 20th century. In 1772, a horse-powered boring machine was installed which was used for

making canons. During the Industrial revolution, steam engines and water wheels were attached

to the lathe to turn the work piece at higher speed which made the work faster and easier. After

1950, many new designs were made which improved the precision of work.

The purpose of this study is to have a clear answer on how big and important a Lathe

machine to an Institution with specially to Engineering students particularly Mechanical

Engineering degree. For practical, Lathe is one of the most important machines in any workshop.

Its main objective is to remove material from outside by rotating the work against a cutting tool.

The simple design and fabrication of this machine, makes it viable, reliable and easy to carryout

maintenance services at the minimized cost.

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

TOP VIEW
 PARTS OF MINI LATHE MACHINE

1. Motor

DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical machines that converts direct current

electrical energy into mechanical energy. The most common types rely on the forces produced

by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either

electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of current flow in part of

the motor. DC motors were the first type widely used, since they could be powered from

existing direct-current lighting power distribution systems. A DC motor's speed can be

controlled over a wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by changing the strength

of current in its field windings. Small DC motors are used in tools, toys, and appliances. The

universal motor can operate on direct current but is a lightweight motor used for portable power

tools and appliances. Larger DC motors are used in propulsion of electric vehicles, elevator

and hoists, or in drives for steel rolling mills. The advent of power electronics has made

replacement of DC motors with AC motors possible in many applications • High Torque

Voltage Current: DC 12V

• Speed: 4000RPM Motor

• Shaft Diameter: 3.17mm Mounting

• Diameter of the Motor: 36mm Length of the Motor

(Body): 50mm Length of Shaft: 16mm

 2. Chuck

A chuck is a specialized type of clamp. It is used to hold an object with radial symmetry,

especially a cylinder. In drills and mills it holds the rotating tool whereas in lathes it holds the

rotating workpiece. On a lathe the chuck is mounted on the spindle which rotates within the

headstock. For some purposes (such as drilling) an additional chuck may be mounted on the

nonrotating tailstock. Many chucks have jaws, (sometimes called dogs) that are arranged in a

radially symmetrical pattern like the points of a star. The jaws are tightened up to hold the tool or

workpiece. Often the jaws will be tightened or loosened with the help of a chuck key, which is a

wrench-like tool made for the purpose. Many jawed chucks, however, are of the keyless variety,

and their tightening and loosening is by hand force alone. Keyless designs offer the convenience

of quicker and easier chucking and un - chucking, but have

lower gripping force to hold the tool or workpiece, which is

potentially more of a problem with cylindrical than hexagonal

shanks. Collet chucks, rather than having jaws, have collets,

which are flexible collars or sleeves that fit closely around the

tool or workpiece and grip it when squeezed.

 3. Sliding Frame

The sliding frame is an elliptical welding construction made from solid steel and specially

developed as a silo discharge system for very difficult flowing bulk material. Through the back

and forth movement of the sliding frame, the stored product is compulsively transported to one or

more discharge screw conveyors.

The sliding frame is moved back and forth by means of a hydraulic cylinder mounted outside

the silo. The cylinder movement is activated by means of a compact hydraulic unit.

Applications:

Thickened sewage sludge, wood, paper sludge,

gypsum, waste, etc.

 4. Bearing

A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion, and

reduces friction between moving parts. The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for

free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or, it

may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts.

Most bearings facilitate the desired motion by minimizing friction. Bearings are classified broadly

according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the loads (forces)

applied to the parts.

Rotary bearings hold rotating components such as shafts or axles within mechanical systems,

and transfer axial and radial loads from the source of the load to the structure supporting it. The

simplest form of bearing, the plain bearing, consists of a shaft rotating in a hole. Lubrication is

often used to reduce friction. In the ball bearing and roller bearing, to prevent sliding friction,

rolling elements such as rollers or balls with a circular cross-section are located between the races

or journals of the bearing assembly. A wide variety of bearing

designs exists to allow the demands of the application to be correctly

met for maximum efficiency, reliability, durability and

performance.
 5. Joint/Screw

A nut is a type of fastener with a threaded hole. Nuts are almost always used in conjunction

with a mating bolt to fasten multiple parts together. The two partners are kept together by a

combination of their threads' friction (with slight elastic deformation), a slight stretching of the

bolt, and compression of the parts to be held together.

In applications where vibration or rotation may work a nut loose, various locking mechanisms

may be employed: lock washers, jam nuts, specialist adhesive thread-locking fluid such as Loctite,

safety pins (split pins) or lockwire in conjunction with castellated nuts, nylon inserts (nylon nut),

or slightly oval-shaped threads.

Square nuts, as well as bolt heads, were the first shape made and used to be the most common

largely because they were much easier to manufacture, especially by hand. While rare today due

to the reasons stated below for the preference of hexagonal nuts, they are occasionally used in

some situations when a maximum amount of torque

and grip is needed for a given size: the greater length

of each side allows a spanner to be applied with a

larger surface area and more leverage at the nut.

 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The major obstacle of this study is creating in a running condition Mini Lathe Machine as

alternative to traditional, heavy duty Lathe machine. This product could sacrifice the speed of

cutting process and size of the workpiece but could help naive operators in beginning the journey

to learn and operate the machine.

Figure 1: Illustrates the researcher’s conceptual paradigm. The inputs were indicating the

cost of traditional lathe machine and the size is massive for an institution to provide a suitable

space and allowance for the said machine. Finding the best supplier of authentic lathe machine is

also a problem, although a big market overseas is not a problem.

The study employed a testing of various cutting tools to create a prototype finished product

of the Mini Lathe Machine, testing also the motor is also a concern for it has to run in long term

depending on a hardness of the workpiece material, and finally if the chuck can hold the workpiece

against the vibration problems.

The output is to create a working compact sized lathe machine at the cost of 20% than the

traditional with only compromising the size and cutting process speed. It was a fully operational

compact lathe machine for learning purposes.

 Input Process Output

1. The proposal of lathe

machine for educational 1. a. Research of
purposes of:
materials to fabricate
a. Institution a mobile lathe
machine.
b. Training/ Hands-on
b. Canvassing
c. Research suitable parts and
mechanism of the
moving parts.
2. Reducing cost c. Fabricating outer
through producing a Functional
body parts: Bed,
compact size lathe
sliding frame, Compact Lathe
machine but
compromises: tailstock. Machine

a. Size of Workpiece 2. a. Testing the

due to lower slide- maximum size of the
swing. installed chuck can
hold.
b. Actual hands - on
due to compact size b. Testing the motor
for maximum speed
and finding the
correct position of
3. The correct materials
boring drill in tool
to create a compact but
post.
durable lathe
machine.

Figure 1.1 Paradigm of the Study

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Lack of equipment remains the major problem why incoming freshman is confuse

especially technological based courses on choosing what college/ university will he/she attend to,

that requires hands on training to achieve the capability to operate the device or machine, there are

several good universities/colleges that offers an effective way of teaching students in academics,

but lacks in operational capability to perform a certain tasks cause of lack of training. That’s why

we implement to change the education industry to start teaching child how to have a career, not

only a job. Unless these are addressed because the technology in the past didn’t catch up as fast it

needed it to. In order for the study to be requirement, the following questions should be considered.

1. What is the main target of the study in requiring an educational module?

a. Institution

b. Training/ Hands-on

c. Research

2. What are the compromises of the compact lathe machine compared to traditional bench

lathe?

a. Size of Workpiece due to lower slide-swing.

b. Actual hands - on due to compact size

3. The correct materials to create a compact but durable lathe machine, what are the

specifications of the materials?

 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The lathe is one of the most essential machine tools. This multi-purpose equipment is

commonly used for executing a wide range of functions that includes shaping many solid

substances such as wood, metal, etc. It is an important workshop tool which is extensively utilized

in several industrial segments and especially in the metal shaping industries. It would be a great

addition to the organization considering its usefulness, it is a hard option to prioritize a financial

cap for it to provide because considering its cost.

The importance of this study is to change how a student change the way the look of

learning, because technology today is changing so fast that everything is becoming more advanced,

as a substitute for pen and paper, the mini lathe machine is a great way to start revolutionizing the

way learning.

For Community. The purpose of this study is to have a clear answer on how big and

important a Lathe machine to an Institution specially to Engineering students particularly

Mechanical Engineering degree. The simple design and fabrication of this machine, makes it

viable, reliable and easy to carryout maintenance services at the minimized cost.

For Environment. Reshaping the solid material, we can find is a great addition in reducing

solid wastes of wood and metals, using it to functional purposes.

For Future Researchers. Selecting best material to test the machine capability to produce

output and making the sliding bed longer will increase the length of workpiece material, changing

the chuck can also be a great upgrade because our current material is limited to only small diameter

pieces. More powerful motor is what potential researchers must do.

➢ For School of Engineering. This project serves as a basis for future Mechanical

Engineers.
 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The limitations on the lathe are the size of the chuck and length of the bed. Regardless of

the material or stock used, only radially symmetrical parts can be produced. The shape of the parts

made on a lathe must be symmetric. Since the lathe spins the part while taking material off of the

radius, no shapes other than those with a circular cross section can be made.

1. This project can only spin one work piece at a time

2. You can only use required cutting tools.

3. Bearings and gears must be lubricated when needed. doing this can prolong the project.

4. This project must be operated at a table top above the waist to prevent back pains or

being harm by the moving parts

 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Stand (or legs) - This is used in holding the lathe machine and in elevating the lathe bed to a

working height.

Bed - This is usually a horizontal beam that holds the chips and the swarf.

Headstock - The headstock contains the high precision bearings which hold the horizontal axle,

more commonly known as the spindle.

Spindle - This is a hollow horizontal axle with interior and exterior threads on the inboard by

which the woodworking pieces can be mounted on.

Tailstock - This is the counterpart of the headstock which contains a non-rotating barrel that can

slide in and out directly in line with headstock spindle parallel to the axis of the bed.

Carriage - This is composed of a saddle and an apron and is used as a mount to the cross-slide.

Cross-slide - This is a flat piece that sits crosswise on the bed which can be cranked at right angles

with the bed.

Tool Post - Sits on top of the cross-slide and holds the cutting tool in place.

Tool Rest - A horizontal area in line with the spindle and the tailstock from which hand tools are

braced against and levered into the workpieces.

 CHAPTER 2 – REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The lathe machine is introduced to lessen the human suffering and to improve economic

and technological standard, and for years recognized that she was economically and technological

poor and has been economically dependent on the western world for survival in terms of

technology. To dis-encourage this importation of technological equipment placed enlarge on the

importation of certain goods and this inspired our people to recognized indigenous technology

through our fore father used, cutlass and some other sharp tools for designing. But, as time goes

on, technologist introduced mini lathe machine, which comes in various designs and models as

technology improves. Thus, the importance of lathe cannot be over emphasized. It is the

acknowledgement of this fact that led to the design of mini lathe machine, even though this project

of design and fabrication of mini lathe machine is a copied design, we tried to improve more on

this machine so that it can design metal with little or no stress, utilizing the available material in

order to reduced cost for production purposes and durability being of utmost important. For the

mini lathe machine to function and perform its operations, various important parts are integrated

together. These essentials parts make up the lathe machine and include the following Stand. Stand

is used in holding the lathe machine and in elevating the lathe bed to a working height.
 CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

Our machine consists of a motor with belt arrangement used to drive the lathe chuck. The

machine consists of a bed with a movable arrangement. It consists of a holder in order to hold the

desired tool in desired position. We use a chuck attached to the spindle shaft in order to run the

motor. Our motor once powered transmits this power to the spindle through a belt mechanism,

which is then used to rotate the chuck. This rotates the workpiece in chuck. The machine is built

to hold and rotate the workpiece and move the tool in a sliding mechanism, so as to achieve the

desired operations. The machine outer frame is designed to hold the workpiece firmly with tool in

place so as to achieve desired operations with ease.

 SOURCE OF DATA

This data shows the survey results that we gather from the 43 Engineering Students of

Colegio de Dagupan.

Figure 3.1: Familiarity of the Lathe Machine

SURVEY RESULTS:

13

20

11

Yes I heard of it No

From the question “Are you familiar of lathe machine?” 30% of the respondents answered

“yes”, 25% of the respondents answered “I heard of it” and 45% of the respondents answered “no”.

This indicates that most of the respondents have no idea of the lathe machine equipment.

Figure 3.2: Lathe machine will help workers in maintenance of the facilities

SURVEY RESULTS:

15

26

Workers lack of capability to operate the machine

No need
It will improve the maintenance of our school
 From the question “How do you think lathe machine will help the workers in maintenance

of the facilities in our institution?” 34% respondents answered “workers lack of capability to

operate”, 7% respondents answered “no need for lathe machine” and 59% respondents answered

“it will improve the maintenance of our school”. This indicates that most of the respondents thinks

that this machine is need for our society.

Figure 3.3: Importance of knowledge about lathe machine

SURVEY RESULTS:
2

17
24

Yes Maybe No

From the question “As a student, is knowledge in the lathe machine important?” 56%

respondents answered “yes”, 40% respondents answered “maybe” and 5% respondents answered

“no”. This shows that most of the students wants to have knowledge in how lathe machine works.
 Figure 3.4: Having our own lathe machine in our School

SURVEY RESULTS:
1

19

23

Yes Maybe No

From the question “Do you agree on having our own lathe machine in our school, like

every universities/colleges in Dagupan City?” 19 respondents answered “yes”, 23 respondents

answered “maybe” and 1 respondent answered “no”. This shows that most of the

respondents/students agrees on having our own lathe machine in our school.

Figure 3.5: Using of portable lathe machine

SURVEY RESULTS:
4

39

Yes No

From the question “Are you favor of using a portable lathe machine instead of the bigger

one? 39 respondents answered “yes” and 4 respondents answered “no”. This shows that almost all
of the respondents/students are in favor of using a portable lathe machine instead of the bigger

one.
 DATA COLLECTION AND TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS

In this study, discusses how the data analyzed and include some any statistical treatments.

Below are the data and procedures on how the research results:

1. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

- The experimental procedure includes the selection of the specific material,

machine and machining operation required for the capability study.

2. METHODS

The process capability study involves the generation of data from the shaft turning.

The procedure for the study includes:

a. Selection of the candidate material

b. Evaluating the measurement system

c. Preparing the control plan

d. Analyzing data samples

e. Estimating the process capability

f. Establishing a plan for continuous turning process improvement.

The straight turning operation shown schematically in Figure 1 was done for ninety

(90) test piece at spindle speed of 300 rpm - 500 rpm, with feed rate 0.25 - 0.5 mm/rev at

a depth of cut of 0.01 mm for nominal diameter of 40 mm with specification limit of 40f7

(tolerance of 0.025 ± 0.050). Roughly drilled hole are finished to specification H8 on each
 test piece to exact size by using a reamer which was mounted on the lathe tailstock. The

cutting operation for the steel was performed at room temperature of 25˚C.

The Spindle speed, N, for the cutting process was obtained from Equation (1)

Figure 3.6: Turning single point tool process

Where: v is the cutting speed measured “m/min” and D is the work-piece diameter

measured in “mm”. Moving range of two successive observations were used to determine the

variability employed in deriving the control limits for the process. The variability of the process

was measured in terms of the distribution of the absolute value of the difference of every two of

the successive observations. The control limit was obtained from Equations (2)-(8)

∑nj−1 xj
x=
n

Where x the process mean, j is the number of observations ranging n observation, and n is

the subgroup size.

Where A2, D3, D4 are control chart constants which depends upon the size of the subgroup

of the data. The process capability indices, process average, and the standard deviation were
obtained from the process data assuming that the data is normally distributed. The capability

indices are obtained from the following expressions.

𝑈𝐶𝐿−𝐿𝐶𝐿
Cp= 6σ

UCL−x 𝑥−𝐿𝐶𝐿
Cpk= min ( , )
3σ 3σ

Where Cp is the process capability for two-sided specification limit, irrespective of process

center, Cpk is the process capability for two-sided specification limits accounting for process

centering and σ is the standard deviation. The statistical process control (SPC) technique was used

to assure that the process remains stable. The output of the turning process was compared with the

specification limit using the capability indices.

3. RESULTS

TABLE 3.1 Shows the data obtained for three attempts of the turning process at various

speed and feed rate of the operation.

Figure 3.7 shows the control chart for machining operation. The process control Chart

shows that the data points fell within control limits. The moving range chart also indicates that all

the data points are within the control limits indicating that the process is in statistical control and

hence is under control and stable. Consequent upon this premise, the process capability evaluated

by the use of capability indices via the SPC software is shown in Figure 2(b).

For the subgroup size of n = 3, the control chart constants are obtained as, A2 = 1.023, D3

= 0, D4 = 2.574, d2 = 1.693. The control limits are thus obtained as shown in TABLE 3.2. The

process capability indices were obtained for the process data as Cp = 0.58 and Cpk = 0.58. This

implied that the process is placed exactly at the center of the specification limits. And since C p <
1 the process is considered not adequate. The machine capability for industrial application is

therefore not adequate and the process

Table 3.1: Influence of cutting speed and feed rate on the machining tolerance limit of the center
lathe.
Sub – Speed Feed/rev. Shaft Diameter (mm) Avg. Dia.
group/No. (RPM) (mm) Attempt 1 Attempt 2 Attempt 3 (mm)
1 300 0.25 39.960 39.965 39.960 39.962
2 400 0.30 39.965 39.960 39.965 39.963
3 500 0.50 39.965 39.965 39.965 39.965
4 300 0.25 39.955 39.955 39.955 39.955
5 400 0.30 39.960 39.960 39.960 39.960
6 500 0.50 39.965 39.965 39.955 39.962
7 300 0.25 39.955 39.955 39.955 39.955
8 400 0.30 39.965 39.965 39.965 39.965
9 500 0.50 39.960 39.955 39.960 39.958
10 300 0.25 39.960 39.965 39.960 39.962

Table 3.2: Control limit values or turned shaft data.

Center line Control limits Std. dev.
UCL LCL
x bar chart 39.96 39.966 39.955 0.003
R chart 0.006 0.015 0

centering is also considered inadequate. In this circumstance, the Cpk index is used to interpret the

capability of the process. It therefore could be deduced that the process at varying feed rate and

spindle speed is not capable of producing the quality required for the specified shaft. The machine

settings are therefore not favorable and the process need be revisited to take the mean back towards

the center.
 Figure 3.7:

Figure
3.7: (a) Turning process control chart; (b) Process capability plot for the shaft turning
process.
The result of analysis of the data collected indicates that, the process is not capable of

consistently bringing out shafts with diameter falling well within the customer’s expectation, even

though it remained in statistical control.

Also, the process is not acceptable. The process owner cannot claim that the customer will

not experience difficulty in the use of products which translate into losses. The reliability of such

product resulting from the process cannot therefore be guaranteed.

 CHAPTER 4 – DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

The metal cutting is done by a relative motion between the work piece and the hard edge

of a cutting tool. Metal cutting could be done either by a single point cutting tool or a multi-point

cutting tool. There are two basic types of metal cutting by a single point cutting tool. They are

orthogonal and oblique metal cutting. If the cutting face of the tool is at 90o to the direction of the

tool travel the cutting action is called as orthogonal cutting. If the cutting face of the tool is inclined

at less than 90° to the path of the tool then the cutting action is called as oblique cutting. The

differences between orthogonal and oblique cutting is given below

The cutting characteristics of most turning applications are similar. For a given surface

only one cutting tool is used. This tool must overhang its holder to some extent to enable the holder

to clear the rotating workpiece. Once the cut starts, the tool and the workpiece are usually in contact

until the surface is completely generated. During this time the cutting speed and cut dimensions

will be constant when a cylindrical surface is being turned. In the case of facing operations the

cutting speed is proportional to the work diameter, the speed decreasing as the center of the piece

is approached. Sometimes a spindle speed changing mechanism is provided to increase the rotating

speed of the workpiece as the tool moves to the center of the part.
 FINDINGS

The definition phase resulted from the natural use of Lathe itself. Lathes are machine tools

for metal cutting processes (metal-cutting process). The basic operation of the lathe involves

rotating the work piece and the cutting tool linear moves. Authentic lathe operation that is used to

process the workpiece with the result or the shape of circular cross section or cylindrical work

piece

The thesis presents a theoretical analysis of the task, while practical knowledge of selected

parts of the dynamics is used to solve individual involved transfers. Further for the two types of

programs includes detailed diagrams that is rev/min (rpm) increasing and rev/min reduction.

The center lathe is the object of exploring. Specifically, transmission parts such as shafts,

gears and pulleys then it is electric drive device, and finally driven parts such as spindle and chuck.

Analyze of angular velocities, moments of inertia, kinetic energy, performance and labor of each

part of the kit is performed using reduction method, and the system is reduced to a first member,

which is an electric motor.

Lathes are devices that are used primarily for machining rotating parts, where the main

cutting rotary motion carries the workpiece clamped in the chuck and side cutting movement

infeed movement and provides a tool clamped in the cutter head.

These machines can be machined outer and inner rotary or conical surface, the outer

spherical surface, tapping and threading, drilling holes, or we can create keyway on the shaft. In

addition to cutting operations with these machines can twist robust spring diameter.
 Lathes are machines with a spindle that turns along with the workpiece. The workpiece

may be supported between a pair of points called centers, or it may be bolted to a faceplate or held

in a chuck.

A chuck has movable jaws that can grip the workpiece securely. The lathe knife or other

cutting tool changes the shape of the workpiece.

Lathes are primarily used to manufacture rotary parts. A lathe can be used to produce parts

made of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, plastics and wood. The workpiece is clamped in the lathe

either in a chuck, between a chuck and a center or between two centers.

 CHAPTER 5 – SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY

This study aimed mini lathe machine is very important machine of engineering which is

used in a most fields. This purpose of study is to help some ordinary worker to reduce or lessen

the work. The analysis is the main and the most important part of any designing phase, without

analysis we cannot determine the failure point of any tool or object. Knowing the failure point

helps us to do some improvement in design before manufacturing which will save a lot of money.
 CONCLUSION

Advantages

• Mobility

• Perform every operation, considering with conventional lathe

• Simple and compact

• Easy to handle

• To increase productivity and creativity

• No need extra manpower

• Less power consumption

• Fixed everywhere

In this project a study has been done on mini lathe machine to know about its portability,

reliability and cost reduction. A basic design of mini lathe machine has been made and analysis

has been done of the tool to determine the cause of failure of the tool. The fabricated model of the

design will be portable, cost efficient and can be assembled and dismantle according to the use

which will increase the mobility of the machine and can be easily carried. The ordinary workers

who can’t afford the conventional lathe

machine can use this portable mini lathe machine and can perform their machining operation

effectively. This mini lathe machine can reduce the capital cost of machining reducing the labor

cost. The machine would be easy to handle because of its mobility and portability and can easily

be maintained. Because of its portability and small in size it will consume less power than

conventional lathes.
 RECOMMENDATION

After obtaining the results discussed the answer to the problem presented in determining if the

mini lathe machine is very efficient and reliable in the industry and small scale. Based on all of

the results and finding of this study, researchers recommend several ideas to be considered an have

arrived at the following recommendation to further improve the study.

• The study focused on the small scale, portability and small in size it will consume less

power than conventional lathes

• The developer recommends a high-quality brand like cutting tools or other parts for better

output and performance of the prototype

• In the future researcher may come into probability of making this effective portable and

reliable reducing work in small scale researcher recommend to use high quality brand parts

for better performance outputs.