NEET DPP (CHEMISTRY)

SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF

CHEMISTRY
GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF CHEMISTRY
1. The branch of chemistry that deals with the structure and composition of matter, the energy
changes and the theories, laws and principles that explain the transformation of matter from one
form to another is
(a) Inorganic chemistry (b) Organic chemistry
(c) Analytical chemistry (d) Physical chemistry
Ans: (d) Physical chemistry is the branch of chemistry which deals with the structure and composition of
matter, the energy changes and the theories, laws and principles that explain the transformation of
matter from one form to another.
2. _____ chemistry is the chemistry of the substances consisting of living organisms and the
derivatives of hydrocarbons.
(a) Organic chemistry (b) Physical chemistry
(c) Inorganic chemistry (d) Bio chemistry
Ans :(a) Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry which is concerned with chemistry of the
substances consisting of living organisms and the derivatives of hydrocarbons.
3. Branch of chemistry dealing with plantation and overcoming greenhouse effect is
(a)Biochemistry (b) Organic chemistry
(c)Environmental chemistry (d) Inorganic chemistry
Ans :( c) Environmental chemistry is concerned with pollution, green house effect, acid rain and other
environmental phenomenon.
4. Which is not correctly matched?
(a) Cisplatin-Cancer
(b) AZT (Azidothymidine)-AIDS
(c) Aluminium hydroxide-Antibiotic
(d) Aspirin-Pain killer
Ans: (c) Aluminium hydroxide is not an antibiotic, it is an antacid and used in hyperacidity.
5. ------------------is the oldest Ayurvedic epic of India. It describes the treatment of diseases.
(a) Charaka Samhita (b) Vaiseshika Sutras.
(c) Arthashastra (d) None of these
Ans (a) Charaka Samhita describes the treatment of diseases. Charaka Samhita describes the use of
bhasma of metals in the treatment of ailments.
6. Which is not correctly matched?
(a) Study of carbohydrates-Biochemistry
(b) Study of batteries-Electrochemistry
(c) Study of hydrogen bomb- Analytical chemistry
(d) Study of medicines-pharmetutical chemistry
Ans :(C)Hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion process ,so it is not concerned with analytical
chemistry.

NATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

7.. A can with a spout is filled with water as shown below.

When a stone is lowered into the can, the water flows into a beaker. This experiment is to show that
_____.
(a) Water has mass (b) The stone takes up space
(c) Water has no definite shape (d) The stone has a definite volume
Ans(b) The stone takes up space so the water flows into a beaker.
8. A clown blew up a balloon and then twisted it to form the letter 'A' .By doing so; he has changed
the _____ of the air in the balloon.
A: mass B: shape C: volume D: colour
(a)A and B (b) A and C
(C)B and C (d) B, C and D
Ans(c) Shape and volume both get changed
9. Which out of the following is NOT a homogeneous mixture?
(a) Air (b) Aqueous Solution of salt
(c) Aqueous solution of sugar (d) Milk
Ans: (d) Air, aqueous Solution of salt and aqueous solution of sugar are true solutions and homogeneous
in nature while milk is a colloidal sol.
10. Which one of the following is not a mixture?
(a) Iodized table salt (b) Gasoline
(c) Liquefied Petroleum Gas (L. P. G.) (d) Distilled water
Ans: (d) Distilled water is a pure substance while others are mixtures of various components.
11. In chemistry if the name of a compound ends with ‘ate’. This compound must contain atoms of
(a) Hydrogen (b) Nitrogen
(c) Oxygen (d) Chlorine
Ans: (c) If the compound contains three elements one of which is oxygen then the compound name will
end in –ate or –ite, e.g. Calcium carbonate contains calcium, carbon and oxygen.
12. Which of the following is not an element?
(a) Diamond (b) Graphite
(c) Ozone (d) Helium
Ans :(c) Ozone is a molecule O3, while the others are elemental form of matter.
13. Mixture of sand and sulphur may best be separated by
(a) Fractional crystallisation from aqueous solution (b) Magnetic method
(c) Fractional distillation (d)Dissolving in CS 2 and filtering

Ans:(d)
Sulphur dissolves in CS2 but sand does not.

MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

14. Which is the greater length: 9534 kg or 9.534 x 10 10 mg?
(a) 9534 kg (b) 9.534 x 1010 mg (c) They are equal lengths (d) Cannot be determined
1000 g 1000 mg
Ans: (b) 9534 kg x x =9.534 x 109 mg
1 kg 1g
Hence 9.534 x 1010 is the greater length.
15. In which of the following sequences is the metric system prefixes listed in order of decreasing size?
(a) Mega, giga, kilo (b) Nano, micro, milli
(c) Deca, deci, micro (d) Hecto, kilo, deci
Ans: (c)
Deca (10), deci (0.1), micro (10-6)
16. The diameter of a boron atom is 0.000000000159 m.This number can be expressed in nanometers
as
(a) 0.000000159 nm (b) 0.159nm
(c) 159 nm (d) 0.000159 nm
Ans: (b)
1 nm
0.000000000159 m x
10−9 m
=0.159 nm
17. Which of the following is not a unit of length / distance?
(a) picometer (b) light year (c) kilometer (d) radian
Ans: (d) Picometer, light year and kilometer units are used to measure the length or distance but radian
is used to measure the angle.
18. Convert the 28 oC temperature into degrees Fahrenheit heat
(a) 77.0 oF (b) 81.4 oF
(c) 77.4 oF (d) 81.0 oF
Ans. (b)
o 9 o
F = x C +32
5
o 9
F = x 28 + 32 = 81.4 oF
5
19. A piece of copper is placed in a graduated cylinder containing some water. The total volume
increases by 17.43 mL. What is the mass of the piece of copper?
(Given Density of copper = 8.92 g/ cm3)
(a) 1.95g (b) 17.43g
(c) 155.47g (d)8.92 g
Ans: (c)
mass of copper
As we know d =
volume of copper
M
8.92g/ cm3 =
17.43 cm3
Mass of copper =155.47g
20. The highest temperature of the following group is
(a) 217K (b) 273 K
0
(c) 217 F (d) 105 0 C
Ans (d)
2170 F =375.92K
1050 C =273+105=378K
21. Four unit values of energy are reported as
A: 1 L atm B: 1 erg C: 1 kJ D : 1 cal
The correct increasing order of these energy values is
(a) A=B=C=D (b) A < B < C < D
(c) B < D < A < C (d) D < A < C < B
Ans :( c)
1 L atm = 101.33 J
1 erg= 10-7 J
1kJ=1000J
1 cal =4.184J
Hence correct order is B<D<A<C
22. Planck’s constant (h) has the dimensions similar dimension to
(a) Force (b) work (c) angular momentum (d) energy
h
Ans (c) ‫= ג‬ or h = ‫ ג‬x m x v
mv
= (m) (kg) (m s-1) = kg m2 s-1
Angular momentum = mvr = kg (m s-1)(m) = kg m2 s-1
23. What should be the volume of the milk (in m 3) which measures 5 L?
(a)5 x 10-3 (b)5 x 103
(c)5x 10000 (d)5 x 106
Ans :(a)
1000 3 1
5L x cm X 6 =5 x 10-3 m3
1L 10

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
24. The number of significant figures in Avogadro’s number is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 1 can be any of these
Ans: (b)
Avogadro’s number =6.022 x 1023
Hence the number of significant figures is 4 i.e. 6.022
25. What would be the appropriate manner for representing 8400 in scientific notation with 3
significant figures?
(a) 8400. (b) 8.4x104 (c) 8.40x103 (d) 8.40x104
Ans: (c)
Scientific notation is N x 10n, so correct representation of 8400 with three significant figures is 8.40x10 3.
26. Which of these measurements has an uncertainty of + .01?
(a) 1cm (b) 1.1cm (c) 1.11 cm (d) 1.111cm
Ans: (c)
+ .01 Uncertainty reflects that measurements should be accurate up to two decimal places.
27. 81.4 g sample of ethyl alcohol contains 0.002 g of water. The amount of pure ethyl alcohol to the
proper number of significant figures is
(a) 81.398 g (b) 71.40 g (c) 91.4 g (d) 81 g
Ans.(a) Pure ethyl alcohol =81.4-0.002=81.398
28. Given P= 0.0030m, Q= 40 .2m, R= 3000m, Significant figures in Q P, and R are respectively
(a) 2, 2, 1 (b) 2, 3, 4 (c) 4, 2, 1 (d) 4, 2, 3
Ans. (b) Given P= 0.0030 m, Q= 40.2m and R= 3000m.In P (0.0030) initial zeros after the decimal point
are not significant. Therefore, significant figures in) P is 2. Similarly in Q (40.2) significant figures are 3. In
R (3000) all the zeroes are significant, so in R significant figures are 4.
29. The number of significant figures for the three numbers 142, 1.42 and 0.00142 are
(a) 3, 3 and 4 (b) 3, 3 and 3
(c) 3, 2 and 5 (d) 3, 3 and 5
Ans. (b) 142 = 3, 1.42 = 3 and 0.00142 = 3; All have three significant figures.
30. Two students x and y report the weight of the same substance as 0.4g and 4.00g respectively.
Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) Both are equally accurate (b) x is more accurate than y
(c) y is more accurate than x (d) Both are inaccurate scientifically
Ans. (c) 4.00 is more accurate than 4.0 because the former has three significant figures while the latter
has two. Hence y is more accurate than x.
31. Two students Ram and Mohan performed the same experiment separately and each one of them
recorded two readings of volume which are given below. Correct reading of volume is 4.0 g. On the
basis of given data, mark the correct option out of the following statements.
Student Readings (in mL)
Ram 4.01 3.99
Mohan 4.05 3.95
(a) Results of both the students are neither accurate nor precise.
(b) Results of Ram are both precise and accurate.
(c) Results of Mohan are neither precise nor accurate.
(d) Results of Mohan are both precise and accurate.
Ans (b) Measurement of Ram are closer to true value and both measurements are also closer to one
another, so results of Ram are both precise and accurate.
32. If the density of a salt solution is 2.15 g mL –1, the mass of 2.4 mL solution in significant figures is
(a) 5.2g (b) 516 × 10–2g
(c) 5.16g (d) 5.1g
Ans: (a) Mass = Volume x density
=2.15 x 2.4 =5.16 g
Result can never be more precise than least precise data, so 5.2 is correct answer for the same.
33. After rounding of 9.235 and 9.225 to three significant figures, we will have answers respectively as
(a) 9.23, 9.22 (b) 9.24, 9.123 (c) 9.23, 9.23 (d) 9.24, 9.22
Ans (d)
9.235 =9.24; 9.225 =9.22
Actually in rounding off of 5 last digit is even or odd, it will decide the final result as mention in option
(d).

LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINATION

34. What is the sum of the coefficients when the following equation is balanced with the smallest
possible whole numbers?
CuFeS2 + O2 → Cu2S + SO2 + FeO
(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 11 (d) 12
Ans :(d)
As per law of mass conservation equation must be balanced chemical equation.
2CuFeS2 + 4O2 → Cu2S + 3 SO2 + 2 FeO
Hence sum of coefficients =2+4+1+3+2=12
35. In a chemical reaction 2 volume of gaseous hydrogen combines with 1 volume of gaseous oxygen
to produce 2 volumes of water vapours.

This can be explained on the basis of:

(a) Law of definite proportions (b) Gay Lussac’s law of gaseous volumes
(c) Law of multiple proportions (d) Avogadro law
Ans.(b) Gay Lussac’s law of gaseous volumes ;According to this law when gases combine or are
produced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume, provided all gases are at the
same temperature and pressure.
36. Two elements P (Atomic mass 16) and Q (Atomic mass 14) combine to form compounds A, B and C. The ratio
of different masses of Q which combine with fixed mass of P in A, B and C is 1:2:5. If 32 parts by mass of P
combine with 84 parts by mass of Q in B, then in C, 16 parts by mass of P will combine with
(A) 42 parts by mass of Q (B) 210 parts by mass of Q
(C) 105 parts by mass of Q (D) 84 parts by mass of Q
Ans. (c) In compound B, 32 parts of P reacts with 84 parts of Q.
∴ In compound B, 16 parts of P reacts with 42 parts of Q.
In compound C, 16 parts of P react with x parts of Q.
 The ratio of masses of Q which combine with fixed mass of P in compounds B and C is 2: 5
B 42 2
C x 5

42 X 5
∴ x= = 105
2
37. Among the following pairs of compounds, the one that illustrates the law of multiple proportions
is
(A) NH3 and NCl3 (B) H2S and SO2
(C) H2O and H2O2 (D) CH4 and CO2
Ans (c )In multiple proportion law in option (c )hydrogen combine with oxygen in more than
one proportion to form two or more compounds. The weights of one element that combine with a given
weight of the other element are in the ratios of small whole numbers in accordance to multiple
proportion law.
38. Element nitrogen forms five stable oxides with oxygen of formula N 2O, NO, N2O3, N2O4, N2O5. The
formation of these oxides explains
(a) Law of definite proportions
(b) Law of partial pressures
(c) Law of multiple proportions
(d) Law of reciprocal proportions
Ans:(c) Law of multiple proportions, According to this law when two elements combine in more than
one proportion to form two or more compounds the weights of one element that combine with a given
weight of the other element are in the ratios of small whole numbers.

ATOMIC, MOLECULAR AND EQUIVALENT MASSES

39. One atomic mass unit (amu) is now replaced by unified mass (u).It is approximately equal to the
mass of:
(a) 6.022 x 1023 atoms of hydrogen (b) The oxygen-16 nucleus
(c) The carbon-12 nucleus (d) one proton
Ans:(d)
Mass of one proton is equal to 1u i.e. 1.66 x 10 -24 g. Hence option (d) is correct.
40. What is the molecular mass of a substance, each molecule of which contains 8 carbon atoms, 13
hydrogen atoms and 1.66 × 10–23 g of other component?
(a) 109 u (b) 71 u
(c) 122 u (d) 119 u
Ans. (d) The molecule has C, H and other component.
Mass of 9 C atoms = 12 × 8 = 96 u
Mass of 13 H atoms = 13 × 1 = 13 u
1.66 X 10−23
Mass of other component = =10 u
1.66 X 10−24

Total mass of one molecule = 96 + 13 + 10 u= 119 u

Molecular mass of substance = 119 u
41. An element, x has the following isotopic composition:
200
x: 90% 199 x: 8.0% 202 x: 2.0%
The weighted average atomic mass of the naturally occurring element x is closest to
(a) 201amu (b) 202amu (c) 199amu (d) 200amu
Ans :( d) Average isotopic mass of x
200 x 90+199 x 8+ 202 x 2
=
90+8+ 2
18000+ 1592+ 404
= = 199.96 a.m.u. = 200 a.m.u.
100
42. Chlorine has 25 isotopes with mass numbers ranging from 28Cl to 52Cl.There are two
stable isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl. naturally occurring chlorine is 75.53% Cl35 which has an atomic mass of
34.97 amu and 24.47% Cl37 which has a mass of 36.966 amu. Calculate the average atomic mass of
chlorine-
(a) 35.5 u (b) 36.5 u
(c) 71 u (d) 72 u

% of isotope ( 1 ) . Atomic mass+ % of isotope ( 2 ) . Atomic mass

Ans. (a) Average atomic mass =
100

( 75.53 )( 34.97 )+(24.47)(36.96)

= =35.5u
100

43. In chemical calculations if the atomic mass of carbon was fix 120 amu, the value of the Avogadro
constant would be
(a) 6.022 x 1023 (b) 6.022 x 1024
(c) 12.044 x 1023 (d) 12.044 x 1024
Ans : (b)12 g of carbon contains 6.022 x 10 23 atoms, hence if the atomic mass of carbon is considered
as 120 amu then number of atoms= 6.022 x 10 23 x 10 = 6.022 x 1024
44. In the reaction I2 + 2 S2O32- → 2 I- + S4 O62- equivalent mass of iodine will be equal to
1
(a) its molar mass (b) of its molar mass
2
1
(c) of its molar mass (d) twice of its molar mass
4
Ans :(b) In this reaction number of electron transferred is two, Hence
Molar mass
Equivalent mass =
2
45. Given that the abundances of isotopes 54Fe, 56Fe and 57Fe are 5%, 90% and 5% respectively, the
atomic mass of Fe is
(a) 55.85 % (b) 55.95% (c) 55.75% (d) 56.05%
Ans (b)
∑ xi Ai 5 X 54 +9 X 56+5 X 57 270+5040+285
Ā= = = = 55.95%
∑ xi 100 100
46.’M’ is the molecular mass of ‘KMnO4’. The equivalent mass of KMnO4 when it is converted into
K2MnO4 is
(a) M (b) M/3 (c) M/5 (d) M/7
Ans: (a)
2KMnO4 + 2KOH → K2MnO4 + H2O +[O]
+7 +6
−¿ ¿ 2−¿¿
or MnO4 + e- → MnO4
Mol . mass M
∴Eq . mass = = = M
c h ange∈O. N . 1
47. The atomic masses of the elements are usually fractional because
(a) elements consist of impurities
(b) these are mixtures of allotropes
(c) these mixture of isobars
(d) these are mixture of isotopes
Ans(d)
Atomic masses of the elements are usually fractional due to isotope of the element.

MOLE CONCEPT

48. in a container 2 g of hydrogen gas contains N molecules, how many molecules would 2g of oxygen
gas contain?
(a) N molecules of oxygen (b) 8N molecules of oxygen
(c) N/16 molecules of oxygen (d) N/32 molecules of oxygen
Ans. (c)
2 g hydrogen = 1 mole H2 gas =6.022 x 10 23 molecules of H2 = N molecules
2 g oxygen = 2/32 = 1/16 mole
= N/16 molecules of oxygen
49. A wedding ring presented to a bride contains 788 mg of gold and the rest is diamond. If the ring
weighs 1 g, the bride receives (At. Mass of Au = 197, C = 12)
(a) More number of gold atoms
(b) More number of carbon atoms
(c) Equal number of gold and carbon atoms
(d) Gold and carbon atoms in ratio of 4: 1 approximately
Ans:(b)
The atomic mass of carbon is less and therefore number of moles will be more.
50. Which one of the following is ambiguous?
(a) A mole of electrons
(b) A mole of sodium atoms
(c) A mole of potassium ions
(d) A mole of hydrogen
Ans: (d)
A mole of hydrogen is ambiguous because it does not tell whether it is hydrogen atoms or hydrogen
molecules.
51. Which of following contains maximum number of molecules?

(a) 100 cc of CO2 at S.T.P. (b) 150 cc of N2 at S.T.P.

(c) 50 cc of SO2 at S.T.P. (d) 200 cc of NH3 at S.T.P.

Ans: (d) Equal volume of all gases, under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contains equal
number of molecules (Avogadro’s law)
∴200 cc of NH3 at S.T.P. contains maximum number of molecules.

52. Which one of the following pairs of gases contains the same number of molecules?
(A) 16 g of O2 and 14 g of N2 (B) 8 g of O2 and 22 g of CO2
(C) 28 g of N2 and 22 g of CO2 (D) 32 g of O2 and 32 g of N2
Ans: (a)
16g O2 has number of moles 16 /32 =2
14g N2 has number of moles 14 / 28 =2
Numbers of moles are same, so numbers of molecules are same.
53. How many carbon atoms is present in 0.35 mol of C6H12O6
(a) 6.023 x 1023 carbon atoms (b) 1.26 x 1023 carbon atoms
(c) 1.26 x 1024 carbon atoms (d) 6.023 x 1024 carbon atoms
Ans. (c) 1 Mol of C6H12O6 has = 6 N atoms of C
0.35 mol of C6H12O6 has = 6 x 0.35 N atoms of C = 2.1 N atoms
= 2.1 x 6.023 x 1023 = 1.26 x 1024 carbon atoms
54. Number of electrons in 5.4mL of H2O (density of water 1 g/mL) is
(a) 1.8066 x 1023 (b) 1.8066 x 1024
(c) 6.022 x 1024 (d) 3.066 x 1024
Ans (b) 1mole water =18g.
5.4mL water = 5.4 g water (density of water 1 g/mL)
No. of moles of water =5.4/18 =0.3 mol
No. of molecules of water = 0.3 x 6.022 x 10 23
Now we know that 10 electron in 1 H 2O molecule
Hence total number of electrons =0.3 x 6.022 x 1023 x 10 =1.8066 x 1024
55. An iodized salt sample contains 0.5 % of NaI.A person consumes 30.0 g of salt in one month. The
number of iodide ions going into his body every month is (molar mass of NaI = 150 g mol -1)
(a) 10–3 (b) 6.02 ×10 –4
(c) 6.02 × 1020 (d) 6.02 × 1023
Ans.(a) Moles of I¯ = moles of NaI
 Mass of NaI 0.5 X 30 1
= X =¿10-3
Molar mass of NaI 100 150

56. A weightlifter after competition drinks a 800 mL glucose syrup 9% w/V glucose (C 6H12O6) (Molar
mass = 180 gmol-1) solution. The number of glucose molecules taken by him is:
(a) 4.816 x 1023 (b) 2.408 x 1023
(c) 7.408 x 1020 ( d) 2.408 x 1018
Ans(b) 9% w/v means 9 grams glucose per 100 mL of solution. 
9 g/100 mL x 800 mL = 72 g glucose in the 800 mL consumed
Molar mass of glucose = 180 g/mole
Moles of glucose consumed = 72 g x 1 mole/180 g = 0.4 moles glucose consumed
Molecules of glucose consumed = 0.4 moles x 6.02x10 23 molecules/mole = 2.408x1023 molecules
consumed
57. The number of gram molecules of oxygen in 6.04 x 10 24 molecules of CO is
(a) 10 (b) 5
(c) 1 (d) 10.5
Ans :(a)
Number of gram molecules of CO =6.04 x 10 24/6.04 x 1024 =10
Hence Number of gram atoms of oxygen =10
58. Calculate the volume occupied by one molecule of water, assuming the density of water to be 1.0
g mL-1.
(a) 11.5 x 10-23 mL (b) 6.0 x 10-23 mL
(c) 1.2 x 10-23 mL (d) 3.0 x 10-23 mL
Ans :(d)
Mass of one molecule of water =18u=18x1.66x10 -24
The volume occupied by one molecule of water=18x1.66x10 -24 =3x10-23
59. One mole of C2H6 contains
(a) 6.03 x 1023 atoms of hydrogen (b) 6 g atoms of hydrogen
(c) 1.81 x 1023 molecules of CH4 (d) 3.0 g of carbon
Ans :(b)
One mole of C2H6= 2 g atom of C
=6 g atom of H
60. The ratio of masses of oxygen and nitrogen in a particular gaseous mixture is 1: 4. The ratio
number of their molecule is
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 7 : 32 (c) 1 : 8 (d) 3 : 16
Ans :(b) The number of moles is given by
Mass(w)
N=
molar mass(M )

Thus, ratio of moles of O2 and N2 is given by

nO 2 W O 2 /M O 2 W O2 M O2 1 28 7
=( )=( )( )=( )x( )=
nN 2 W N 2 /M N 2 WN 2 MN2 4 32 32
Hence, ratio of nO2 and nN2 is 7: 32.

61. Arrange the following (I to IV) in the increasing order of masses and choose the correct answer
from (a), (b), (c) and (d) (Given Atomic Mass: N = 14, O = 16, Cu = 63)
I. 1 atom of Oxygen
II 1 atom of nitrogen
III 1 x 10-10 g molecule of oxygen
IV 1 x 10-7 g atom of copper
(a) II < I < III < IV (b) IV < III < II < I
(c) II < III < I < IV (d) III < IV < I < II
Ans.( a)
16 -23
(I) Mass of one O atom = 23 g = 2.66 x 10 g
6.02 x 10
14 -23
(II)Mass of one N atom = 23 g = 2.33 x 10 g
6.02 x 10
(III) 1 g molecule of oxygen = 32 g
1 x 10-10 g molecule of oxygen = 32 x 10-10 = 3.2 x 10-9g
(IV) 1 g atom of copper = 63 g
1 x 10-7 g atom of Copper = 63 x 10-7 = 6.3 x 10-6g
So, the correct increasing order is II < I < III < IV
62. Two containers a and B contains 16.0 g of O2 and 16.0 g of SO2 respectively at 273.15 K and 1 bar
pressure, then
(a) Number of molecules in A and B are same
(b) Number of molecules in B is more than that in A.
(c) The ratio between the numbers of molecules in A to number of molecules in B is 2:1
(d) Number of molecules in B is three times greater than the number of molecules in A.
16
Ans : ( c) Number of molecules of O2 = x 6.022 x 1023 =3.011 x 1023
32
16
Number of molecules of SO 2 = x 6.022 x 1023 =1.505 x 1023
64
Hence the ratio between the numbers of molecules in A to number of molecules in B is 2:1.
63. If Avogadro number were changed from 6.022x 1023 to 6.022 x 1015, this would change
(a) the ratio of chemical species to each other in a balanced equation
(b) the ratio of elements to each other in a compound
(c) the definition of mass in units of grams
(d) the mass of one mole of carbon
Ans : (d)
Mass of one mole of a substance is due to presence of 6.022x 10 23 entities of the substance, if Avogadro
number is changed to 6.022 x 1015 them mass of one mole of carbon would be less than 12.0g.
64. When pentane, C5H12 is burned in excess oxygen, the products of the reaction are CO 2 (g) and H2O
(l). The balanced equation for this combustion is
C5H12 (g) + xO2 (g) → 5CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l)
The coefficient (x) of oxygen should be
(a) 16 (b) 12 (c) 11 (d) 8
Ans. (d) According to law of mass conservation chemical equation is balanced.
C5H12 (g) + xO2 (g) → 5CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l)
C5H12 (g) + 8O2 (g) → 5CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l)
Hence x=8.
65. A black dot used to draw a circle of one attogram. Assuming that the dot is made up of carbon, the
approximate number of carbon atoms present in the dot is
(a) 5.0 x 104 (b) 5.0 x 107 (c) 5.0 x 1010 (d) 5.0 x 1017
Ans :(a)
Mass of carbon in the dot = 1 attogram = 10 -18g
Gram atomic mass of carbon = 12g, i.e., 12g of carbon contain 6.022 x 10 23 atoms of carbon
∴10-18 g of carbon will contain carbon atoms
6.022 x 1023
= x 10-18 = 5.02 x 104 atoms
12
66. From 392mg of H2SO4, 1.204 x 1021 molecules are removed. The moles of H2SO4 left is
(a) 2.0 x 10-3 (b) 1.2 x 10-3 (c) 4.0 x 10-3 (d) 1.5 x 10-3
Ans: (a)
0.392
392 mg = 0.392 g = moles of H2SO4
98
1.024 X 1021
1.204 x 1021 molecules H2SO4 = = 0.002 mole
6.022 X 10 23
∴No. of moles of H2SO4 left = 0.004 – 0.022 = 0.002= 2.0 x 10-

PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION
67. The percent composition for each element in sodium sulphate (Na 2SO4) is
(a)Na =22.53% S= 32.9% O=45.08% (b) Na =32.39% S= 22.53% O=45.08%
(c)Na =45.08% S= 22.53% O=32.09% (d) Na =32.39% S= 45.08% O=22.53%
Ans:(b )
Molar mass of Na2SO4 =2x23+1x32+4x16=142
46
% Na= x 100 =32.39%
142

32
% S= x 100 =22.53%
142
%o=100-32.39-22.53=45.08%
68. The percentage weight of Zn in white vitriol [ZnSO 4∙7H2O] is approximately equal to (Given Zn = 64,
S = 32, O = 16 and H = 1)
(a) 33.65% (b) 32.56% (c) 23.65% (d) 22.65%
Ans. (d) Molar mass of ZnSO4∙7H2O= 65 + 31+ (4 x 16) + 7 (2 x 1 + 16) = 287g mol -1
65
Percentage mass of Zn = x 100 = 22.65%
287
69.A salt Na2SO4. XH2O loses 55.9% of its mass on heating. How many water molecules are present in
the formula of the crystalline salt?
(a) 5H2O (b) 7H2O (c) 10H2O (d) 12H2O

Ans :( C ) Molar mass of the salt = (2 × 23) + 32 + (16 × 4) + x × 18 = 142 + 18x

Mass of water = 18x
On heating it will lose water and become anhydrous. 55.9% mass is the mass of water in Na 2SO4.xH2O.
Mass by mass% = (mass of water / molar mass of salt) × 100
Hence 55.9 = (18x / 142 + 18x) × 100
55.9(142 + 18x) = 1800x
7937.8 + 1006.2x = 1800x
x = 9.99 = 10 (approx.)
70. Organic compound has percentage of carbon same as that in ethene (C 2H4)
(a) Propene (b) Ethyne
(c) Benzene (d) Ethane
Ans: (a)
24
% of carbon in ethene = x 100 = 85%
28
36
% of carbon in propene = x 100 = 85%
42

EMPIRICAL AND MOLECULAR FORMULA

71. The simplest formula of a compound containing 50% of element X (atomic mass 10) and 50% of
element Y (atomic mass 20) is
(a) XY (b) XY3 (c) X2Y (d) X2Y3
Ans:( c )
50% X atomic mass 10, 50% Y atomic mass 20. Relative number of atoms of
50
X= = 5,
10
50
Y= = 2.5.
20
Simple ratio = 2: 1, Hence formula is X2Y.
72. Two elements X (Atomic mass 75) and Y (Atomic mass 16) combine to give a compound
having 75.8% X. The formula of the compound is
(a) XY (b) XY2 (c) X2Y2 (d) X2Y3
Ans. (b)
% of X = 75.8
∴% of Y = 100 – 75.8 = 24.2
Element % composition Atomic ratio Simplest ratio
X 75.8 75.8 1.011
= 1.011 =1
75 1.011
Y 24.2 24.2 1.513
= 1.513 =1.5 ≈ 2
16 1.011
Thus, empirical formula of the compound is XY 2
Hence, the Molecular formula of the compound = XY 2
73.If two compounds have the same empirical formula but different molecular formula, they must
have
(a) Different percentage composition (b) Different molecular weights
(c) Same viscosity (d) Same vapour density
Ans: (b) Different molecular weights
74. The empirical formula of a compound is CH2O. 0.0835 moles of the compound contains 1.0 g of
hydrogen. Molecular formula of the compound is
(a) C2H12O6 (b) C5H10O5 (c) C4H8O4 (d) C3H6O3
Ans. (a)
As we know 0.0835 mole of compound contains 1 gm of hydrogen
1
∴1 gm mole of compound contain = =¿11.97 =12 g of hydrogen.
0.0835
12 g of H2 is present in C2H12O6.
75. A gaseous hydrocarbon gives upon combustion, 0.72 g of water and 3.08 g of CO 2. The empirical
formula of the hydrocarbon is
(a) C 2 H4 (b) C3 H4 (c) C6 H5 (d) C7 H8
Ans: (d)
18 g H2O contains 2g H.
∴0.72 g H2O contains 0.08g H.
As we know 44 g CO2 contain 12g C.
∴3.08 g CO2 contain 0.84g C.
0.84 0.08
∴ C: H = : = 0.07: 0.08 = 7: 8
12 1
∴Empirical formula = C7H8
76. A poisonous gas used during World War-I as a choking (pulmonary) agent, it was responsible for
the large majority of deaths. It contains 12.1% C, 16.2% 0 and 71.7% Cl by mass. What is the empirical
formula of the gas?
(a) COCl2 (b) CO2CI2
(c) COCl (d) None of these
Ans (a)
Element % composition Atomic ratio Simplest ratio
C 12.1 12.1 1.01
= 1.01 =1
12 1.01
O 16.2 16.2 1.01
= 1.02 =1
16 1.01
Cl 71.7 71.7 2.02
= 2.02 =2
35.5 1.01
Hence the empirical formulas will COCl2

77. Elemental analysis of a nitrogen oxide shows that it contains 2.8 g nitrogen and 8.0g of oxygen.
The empirical formula of this oxide is
(a) NO (b) NO2 (c) N2O3 (d) N2O5
Ans :(d)
2.8
No. of moles of nitrogen= =0.1 mole
28
 8.0
No. of moles of oxygen= =0.25 mole
32
Ratio of nitrogen to oxygen =0.1:.25=0.2:0.5=2:5
Hence N2O5 is the correct empirical formula.

CALCULATIONS BASED ON STOICHIMETRY

78. Gastric juice or stomach acid is a digestive fluid formed in the stomach. It contains 6.0 g of HCl per
litre. If a person produces 2.5 litre of gastric juice per day. How many antacid tablets each containing
400 mg of Mg (OH) 2 are needed to neutralize all the HCl produced in one day?
(a) 15 (b) 14
(c) 30 (d) 28
Ans. (c)
15
No. of gram moles of HCl =
36.5
2HCl + Mg (OH) 2 → MgCl2+ 2H2O
1 mol antacid Mg (OH)2 neutralize 2 mol of HCl. Hence
15 1
No. of gram moles of Mg (OH) 2 required = ×
36.5 2
15 1 58.3
∵ No. of required tablets of antacid= × × ×103 = 30 tablets
36.5 2 400
79. Sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) reacts with water to give a mixture of H2SO4 and HCl. How many moles of
baryta [Ba(OH) 2] would be required to neutralize the solution formed by adding 4 mol of SO 2Cl2 to
excess of water?
(a) 2 (b) 8 (c) 6 (d) 4
Ans.( b)
SO2Cl2+ 2H2O → H2SO4+ 2HCl
H2SO4+ Ba (OH) 2 → BaSO4+ 2H2O
2HCl + Ba (OH) 2 → BaCl2+ 2H2O
Total moles of Ba (OH) 2 required = 2
∵ For 4 mol of SO2Cl2 =4 × 2 = 8 mol Ba(OH)2 is required.
80. 1 g of a carbonate (M2CO3) on treatment with excess HCl produces 0.01186 mole of CO 2. The molar
mass of M2CO3 in g mol-1 is
(a) 1186 (b) 84.3 (c) 118.6 (d) 11.86
Ans. (b)
M2CO3 + 2HCl → 2 MCl +H2O + CO2
1g 0.01186mole
Number of moles M2CO3 reacted = Number of moles of CO2 evolved

1
= 0.01186 [M = molar mass M2CO3]
M
1
M = = 84.3 g mol-1
0.01186
81. In Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana LPG cylinders are distributed. LPG contains mixture of butane and
isobutane (C4H10), and then the amount of oxygen that would be required for combustion of 1.5 kg of
it will be
(a) 1.8 kg (b) 2.7 kg
(c) 6.75 kg (d) 5.38 kg
Ans: (d)
The balanced reaction for the combustion of butane is given below:
C4H10 +13/2O2→4CO2+5H2O
58 g 208 g
58 g butane requires 208 g oxygen for complete combustion.

208 g 1.5 kg
Hence oxygen required for 1.5 kg of butane= x x 1000g =5379.3g =5.38 kg
58 g 1 kg

82.1 g of an impure sample of magnesium carbonate (containing no thermally decomposable

impurities) on complete thermal decomposition gave 0.44 g of carbon dioxide gas. The percentage of
impurity in the sample is

(a) 0 % (b) 4.4 % (c) 16 % (d) 8.4 %

Ans(c)
MgCO3 ⟶MgO + CO2
84 g 44g
84 g MgCO3 gives 44 g CO2
44
Hence 1 g MgCO3 will give = g CO2 =0.5238g
84
But actually according to question 0.44 g CO 2 produced, so
0.44
Percentage purity = x 100 =84%
0.5238
The percentage of impurity in the sample = 100-84 =16%

83. Aromatic base compound liquid benzene (C6H6) undergoes combustion as per chemical reaction
2C6H6 (l) +15O2 (g) → 12CO2 (g) + 6H2O (g)
How many litres of O2 at STP are required for complete combustion of 3.9 g of liquid benzene? (Molar
mass of O2 = 32, C6H6 = 78 gmol-1)
(a) 7.4 L (b) 11.2 L (c) 22.4 L (d) 8.4 L
Ans.(d) 2C6H6(l) +15O2 (g) → 12CO2 (g) + 6H2O(g)
2(78) 15(32)
156 gm of benzene required oxygen = 15 x 22.4litre
15 x 22.4
1 gm of benzene required oxygen = litre
156
15 x 22.4 x 3.9
3.9 g of benzene required oxygen = = 8.40 litre
156

84. For the chemical reaction a + 2B→ C, 5 moles of A and 8 moles of B will produce
(a) 5 moles of C (b) 4 moles of C
(c) 8 moles of C (d) 13 moles of C
Ans: (b)
According to chemical stochiometry 1 mole of A react with 2 moles of B, in other case 5 moles of A will
completely react with 10 moles of B.Hence B act as a limiting reagent so 4 mol of C will produce.
85. N2 and H2 react in a closed container to form NH3. This chemical reaction ceases before either
reactant has been totally consumed. At this stage, 5.0 moles each of N 2, H2 and NH3 are present. The
moles of N2 and H2 present originally were respectively.
(a) 8moles and 6 moles (b) 3moles and 5 moles
(c) 6 moles and 8moles (d) 5 moles and 5 moles
Ans: (C)
N2 + 3 H2 ⟶ 2NH3
Final stage 5mol 5mol 5mol
As per stoichiometry 1 mole of N2 react with 3 moles of H2 to form 2 moles of NH3.These reactant and
product may have the concentration
X = 5mol + 1 mol = 6mol
Y= 5mol + 3 mol = 8mol
86. Iron (iii) oxide reacts with carbon monoxide according to the equation:
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3 CO2
How many moles of iron are produced when 180 mol CO react with excess iron (iii) oxide?
(a) 120 mole (b) 180 mole
(c) 270 mole (d) 360 mole
Ans(a)
CO is limiting reagent because iron (iii) oxide exist in excess.
3 mol of CO produces 2 moles of Fe
180 moles of CO will produce=2x180/3=120 mol
87. When KClO3 (Molar mass 122.6 gmol-1) is heated, oxygen gas (molar mass 32 g mol -1) is produced:
2 KClO3 (s) → 2KCl (s) + 3O2
When 1.226 g of potassium chlorate is heated, 0.320 g oxygen gas is obtained. The percentage yield of
oxygen is
(a) 100% (b) 66.7 % (c) 26.1 % (d) 17.4%
Ans(b)
KClO3 (2x 122.6) gives 32x3=96g oxygen gas
1.226 g of KClO3 will give =96x1.226/245.2=0.48g
0.32
% yield = x100 =66.7%
0.48
88. It a piece of iron gains 10% of its weight due to partial rusting into Fe 2O3, the percentage of total
iron that has rusted is
(a) 23 (b) 13 (c) 23.3 (d) 25.67
Ans.(c)
Let weight of Fe be 100g, so weight of O 2 is 10g
2 Fe + 3/2 O 2 → Fe2O3
 10
Weight of Fe = x 56 = 23.3
24
89. In the chemical reaction
4 NH3 + 5O2 → 4 NO + 6 H2O, when one mole of ammonia and one mole of oxygen are made to react
to completion, then
(a) 1∙0 mole of H2O is produced
(b) All the oxygen is consumed
(c) 1∙5 mole of NO is formed
(d) All the ammonia is consumed
Ans :( b)
1 mole of O2 will react with 4/5 mole of NH3. Hence, all the oxygen is consumed and acts as a limiting
reagent.
90. When 300 atoms of A reacts with 200 molecules of B 2 according to the equation A + B2 → AB2, the
limiting reagent is
(a) A (b) B
(c) B2 (d) None of these
Ans :(c) 1 atom of A will react with molecules of B 2 =1
300 atoms of A will react with molecules of B 2 =300
But molecules of B2 actually available= 200
∴B2 is the limiting reactant.