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Week018-PowerpointPresentation-African Literature PDF
Week018-PowerpointPresentation-African Literature PDF
African Literature
2oth Century Historical Events
● (1907) Gandhi organizes Indian civil disobedience against racism and
injustice in South Africa
● (1914-1918) World War I; entirety of Africa divided amongst Europe,
African colonies are prepared for independence at wars end
● (1933) First mass political party formed in Africa, The Nigerian Youth
Movement (NYM)
● (1935) Italy invades Ethiopia
● (1939-1945) World War II
● (1947) African's push for decolonization
● (1956) Morocco, Sudan, and Tunisia all receive independence; oil
discovered in Nigeria
● (1961) Zaire receives independence from Belgium
● (1962) Algeria receives independence from France
Historical Events
● (mid-1960s) European colonial era of Africa ends, most African nations
gain independence
● (1963) Organization of African Unity forms
● (1964) Nelson Mandela imprisoned in South African prison for 25 years
● (1967-1970) Nigerian civil war
● (1973) Ethiopian famine kills hundreds of thousands
● (1976) Ebola virus emerges in Sudan and Zaire
● (1981) HIV epidemic begins
● (1990) Nelson Mandela freed; violence erupts between South African black
majority groups and white Nationalist groups
● (1994) Nelson Mandela elected president of South Africa; Hutus massacre
millions in Rwanda, millions more flee
● (1996) Rwanda refugees migrate back to escape fighting in Zaire
Negritude
Négritude is a literary and ideological philosophy, developed by
francophone African intellectuals, writers, and politicians in
France during the 1930s. Its initiators included Martinican poet
Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor (a future President of Senegal),
and Léon Damas of French Guiana.