Question Bank

Class: 12
2018-2019
Worksheet Number: 12/Chem/07/AK02

Subject: Chemistry Chapter:7– p-Block Elements

Section A

Each question carries 1 mark :

1. Name the oxide of chlorine used as bleaching agent in paper pulp and textiles and in water treatment.

ClO2 is used as a bleaching agent for paper pulp and textiles and in water treatment.

2. How will you prepare chlorine from sodium chloride.

Chlorine is obtained by the electrolysis of brine (concentrated NaCl solution).

Chlorine is liberated at anode.

3. Write the equation involved in preparation of bleaching powder.

With dry slaked lime chlorine gives bleaching powder.

2Ca(OH)2 + 2Cl2 → Ca(OCl)2 + CaCl2 + 2H2O

4. Name two poisonous gases prepared from chlorine.

Poisonous gases prepared from chlorine are phosgene (COCl2), tear gas (CCl3NO2), mustard gas
(ClCH2CH2SCH2CH2Cl).

5. Write two uses of Chlorine gas.

It is used for i) for bleaching wood pulp ii) in sterilizing drinking water.

6. Fluorine does not exhibit any positive oxidation state

This is because fluorine is the most electronegative element and does not have d-orbitals in its valence
shells.

7. F2 is the most reactive of all the 4 halogens

Small size, high electronegativity and low bond dissociation enthalpy.

Each question carries 2 marks :

8. Write the formula and the structures of noble gas species (one each) which are iso structural with

(i) ICl4- (ii) BrO3 -

(i)ICl4- is square pyramidal. It is iso structural with XeF4

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(ii)BrO3- is pyramidal in shape. It is iso structural with XeO 3

9. How are the following compounds prepared from XeF6?

(i)XeOF4 and (ii)XeO3.

(i)XeF6 + H2O → XeOF4 + 2 HF Partial hydolysis

(ii) XeF6 + 3 H2O → XeO3 + 6 HF Complete hydrolysis

10. What happens when (i) Excess chlorine reacts with ammonia (ii) Chlorine reacts with excess ammonia.

(i)NH3 + 3Cl2 → NCl3 + 3HCl

(excess)

(ii) 8NH3 + 3Cl2 → 6NH4Cl + N2

(excess)

With excess ammonia, chlorine gives nitrogen and ammonium chloride whereas with excess chlorine,
nitrogen trichloride (explosive) is formed.

Each question carries 3 marks :

11. Draw the structure of the following molecules :

(i) HClO3 (iii) HOClO3 (HClO4) (iii)XeF6

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12. Give the structural formulae of the following.

(i) XeOF4 (ii) XeF4 (iii) XeF2

Square Planar Linear

13. What is aqua regia. Give the reaction of aqua regia with gold and platinum.

Aqua regia is formed when three parts of concentrated HCl and one part of concentrated

HNO3 are mixed.

14. Complete the following reactions :

(i) XeF6(s) + H2O (l)→ XeO3 + 6 HF

(ii) XeF4 + H2O → 4Xe + 2Xe03 + 24 HF + 3 O2

(iii) XeF4 + F2O 2 → XeF6 +O2

15. Complete the following chemical reactions:

(i) I2 + HNO3 (conc) →2HIO3 + 10 NO2 + 4H2O

(ii)XeF2 + H2O → 2Xe (g) + 4 HF(aq) + O2(g)

(iii) F2 + H2O → 4H++ 4F-+ O2

16. Complete and balance the following equations:

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(i)I2 + H2O + Cl2→2HIO3 + 10HCl 2018-2019

(ii)Na2SO3 + Cl2 + H2O →Na2SO4 + 2HCl

(iii)XeF4 + SbF5 → [XeF3]+ [SbF6]–

(iv)XeF6 + MF →M+ [XeF7]–

17. Complete and balance the following equations:

(i) NaOH (aq)(hot ,conc.) + Cl2 (g) → 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O

(ii) NaOH + Cl2 (cold,dil) →NaCl + NaClO + H2O

(iii)FeSO4 + H2SO4 + Cl2 →Fe2(SO4)3 + 2HCl

Section B

Each question carries 1 mark :

18. When HCl reacts with finely powdered iron, it forms ferrous chloride and not ferric chloride. Why ?

Its reaction with iron produces H2.

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2

Liberation of hydrogen prevents the formation of ferric chloride as hydrogen is a reducing agent.

19. Fluorine does not exhibit any positive oxidation state. Why?

Small size, highest electronegativity and absence of d-orbitals.

20. Which neutral molecule would be isoelectronic with ClO- ?

ClF

Each question carries 2 marks :

21. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Cl 2 with hot and conc.NaOH solution. Justify
that this reaction is a disproportionation reaction.

NaOH (aq)(hot ,conc.) + Cl2 (g) → 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O .

It is a disproportionation reaction as Cl in Cl2 has an oxidation state of 0 while in NaCl it is -1 and in

NaClO3 it is +5. So it is undergoing oxidation and reduction simultaneously.

Cl2→ NaCl . Reduction

Cl2 (g) → NaClO3 Oxidation

22. Does the hydrolysis of XeF6 lead to a redox reaction?

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No, the products of hydrolysis are XeOF2018-2019
4 and XeO2F2 where the oxidation states of all the elements

remain the same as it was in the reacting state.

XeF6 + H2O → XeOF4 + 2 HF

XeF6 + 2 H2O → XeO2F2 + 4HF

23. (i)Why are halogens strong oxidising agents?

(ii)Explain why fluorine forms only one oxoacid, HOF.

(i)Because they have highly negative electron gain enthalpy.

(ii)Due to high electronegativity and small size, fluorine forms only one oxoacid, HOF known as
fluoric (I) acid or hypofluorous acid.

Each question carries 3 marks :

24. Give reasons for each of the following:

(i) In aqueous solutions HI is a stronger acid than HCl.

(ii) F2 is a stronger oxidant than Cl2.

(iii) ICl is more reactive than I2.

(i)The stability of the halides decreases down the group due to decrease in bond (H–X) dissociation
enthalpy in the order:

H–F > H–Cl > H–Br > H–I.

So HI is a stronger acid.

(ii)The oxidizing power depends upon bond dissociation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy and hydration
enthalpy. Flourine has low bond dissociation enthalpy , less negative electron gain enthalpy and high
hydration enthalpy as compared to chlorine. Less electron gain enthalpy is compensated by low bond
dissociation enthalpy and high hydration enthalpy.

(iii)Due to more polarity developed due to difference in electronegativity of I and Cl.

25. Give reasons for the following:

(i)Fluorine does not undergo disproportion reactions but other halogens do.

(ii)Both NO and ClO2 are odd electron species whereas NO dimerises but ClO 2 does not.

(iii)More metal fluoride is ionic in nature than metal chlorides.

(i)Because of absence of d-orbitals, small size and high electronegativity F cannot show positive
oxidation state.F shows only oxidation state of-1 . Hence no disproportion reaction.

(ii)Due to large size of Cl effective overlap is not possible.

(iii)High electronegativity and small size of F.

26. Arrange the following in order of the property mentioned:

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(i)F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 2018-2019
(increasing bond dissociation enthalpy)

(ii) HCl, HBr, HI, HF ( increasing acid strength)

(iii) HClO4,HClO,HClO2 ( increasing oxidizing power)

(i)Cl2> Br2> F2 > I2 A reason for this anomaly is the relatively

large electron-electron repulsion among the lone pairs in F 2 molecule

where they are much closer to each other than in case of Cl 2.

(ii)HF< HCl < HBr < HI because bond dissociation enthalpy decreases down the group.

(iii)HClO4< HClO2<HClO .This is because of the stability of the acids is in this order due to
stabilization of the anion of the aid by resonance.

Each question carries 5 marks :

27. Give reasons for each of the following:

(i)Fluorine forms the largest number of inter-halogen compounds amongst the halogens

OR Fluorine never acts as the central atom in polyatomic inter-halogen compound

(ii) Fluorine does not exhibit any positive oxidation state.

(iii) The majority of known noble gas compounds are those of Xenon.

(iv) XeF2 is a linear molecule without a bend.

(v) The electron gain enthalpy with negative sign for fluorine is less than that for chlorine, still fluorine
is a stronger oxidizing agent than chlorine.

OR Considering the parameters such as bond dissociation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy and
hydration enthalpy, compare the oxidising power of F2 and Cl2.

(i)Small size ,high electronegativity of F and Due to absence of d-orbitals F cannot show +3 oxidation
state. Bigger atoms cannot surround a smaller central atom because of steric repulsions.

(ii)Small size and high electronegativity of F . It cannot show positive oxidation state

(iii)Has lowest IE among all noble gases.

(iv)It has three lone pairs and two bond pairs. Geometry is trigonal bipyramidal. Lone pairs occupy
equatorial position to minimize repulsions . Hence F occupies axial position giving it a linear shape.

(v)The oxidizing power depends upon bond dissociation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy and hydration
enthalpy. Flourine has low bond dissociation enthalpy, less negative electron gain enthalpy and high
hydration enthalpy as compared to chlorine. Less electron gain enthalpy is compensated by low bond
dissociation enthalpy and high hydration enthalpy.

28. How would you account for the following :

(i) The bond dissociation energy of F2 is less than that of Cl2.

(ii) Both O2 and F2 stabilize high oxidation states but the ability of oxygen to stabilize the higher

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oxidation state exceeds that of fluorine. 2018-2019

(iii)Hydrogen fluoride has a much higher boiling point than hydrogen chloride .

(iv)Helium does not form any chemical compound.

(v) Of the noble gases only xenon is known to form compounds.

(i)Small size of F leads to inter electronic repulsions in F-F bond.

(ii)O2 and F2 stabilize high oxidation states but the ability of oxygen to stabilize the higher oxidation
state exceeds that of fluorine as oxygen is capable of forming multiple bonds.

(iii)Due to H-bonding in HF

(iv)High IE and positive electron gain enthalpy.

(v)Xe has lowest IE which is comparable to oxygen.

29. Give reasons for the following:

(i) ClF3 exists but FCl3 does not.

(ii)It is difficult to study the chemistry of radon.

(iii)Hydrolysis of XeF6 is not a redox reaction.

(iv)Interhalogens are more reactive than halogens.

(v)Bleaching of flowers by chlorine is permanent while that by SO 2 is temporary.

(i)Small size ,high electronegativity of f and due to absence of d-orbitals F cannot show +3OS. Bigger
atoms cannot surround a smaller central atom because of steric repulsions

(ii)Radon is radioactive in nature.

(iii)The products of hydrolysis are XeOF4 and XeO2F2 where the oxidation

states of all the elements remain the same as it was in the reacting state.

(iv)X-X’ bonds are weaker than X-X bond .

(v)Bleaching action of Cl is due to its oxidizing nature while bleaching action of SO2 is due to
reduction. Cl liberates nascent O which converts coloured materials colourless. while SO 2 liberates
nascent H . So when SO2 declourises a material it undergoes aerial oxidation and colour returns.

30. Write balanced chemical equation for the following reactions:

(i)Chlorine is passed through hot conc. NaOH solution.

(ii)XeF6 is hydrolyzed.

(iii) NaCl is heated with sulphuric acid in the presence of MnO 2.

(iv) Chlorine gas is passed into a solution of NaI in water.

(v) Sodium chloride is treated with conc. Sulphuric acid.

(i)6 NaOH + 3Cl2 → 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O

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(hot and conc.) 2018-2019
(ii)XeF6 + H2O → XeOF4 + 2 HF

XeF6 + 2 H2O → XeO2F2 + 4HF

(iii)4NaCl + MnO2 + 4H2SO4 → MnCl2 + 4NaHSO4 + 2H2O + Cl2

(iv)Cl2 + NaI → NaCl +I2

420K

(v)NaCl + H2SO4 ⎯⎯⎯→ NaHSO4 + HCl

Section C

Each question carries 1 mark :

31. Give the reason for bleaching action of Cl2.

Bleaching action of Cl is due to its oxidizing nature

32. Deduce the molecular shape of BrF3 on the basis of VSEPR theory.

According to VSEPR theory, these will occupy the corners of a trigonal bipyramid. The two lone pairs
will occupy the equatorial positions to minimise lone pair-lone pair and the bond pair lone pair
repulsions which are greater than the bond pair-bond pair repulsions. In addition, the axial fluorine
atoms will be bent towards the equatorial fluorine in order to minimise the lone-pair-lone pair
repulsions. The shape would be that of a slightly bent ‘T’.

33. Noble gases have very low boiling points. Why?

Due to weak van der waals forces of attraction.

34. Boiling points of interhalogens are little higher as compared to pure halogens?

Since the polarity of interhalogen compounds is higher than that of pure halogen. Hence they have
higher bp.

35. Electron gain enthalpies of halogens are largely negative

Halogens have an ns2np5 electronic configuration. They have a strong tendency to accept an additional
electron to acquire a nearest noble gas configuration and hence they have a maximum negative electron

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gain enthalpy. 2018-2019
Each question carries 2 marks :

36. A colourless and a pungent smelling gas which easily liquifies to a colourless liquid and freezes to a
white crystalline solid gives dense white fumes with ammonia. Identify the gas and write the chemical
equation for its laboratory preparation.

Gas is HCl.

In laboratory, it is prepared by heating sodium chloride with concentrated sulphuric acid.

NaCl + H2SO4 →NaHSO4 + HCl.

37. Give two examples to show the anomalous behaviour of fluorine.

It forms only one oxoacid while other halogens form a number of oxoacids.

Hydrogen fluoride is a liquid (b.p. 293 K) due to strong hydrogen bonding. Other

hydrogen halides are gases.

38. How can you prepare Cl2 from HCl and HCl from Cl2? Write reactions only.

By heating manganese dioxide with concentrated hydrochloric acid.

MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

light

H2 + Cl2 → HCl

39. Draw the structures of XeF4 and BrF5

40. Draw the structures of ClF3 and HClO3

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41. Account for the following :

When NaBr is heated with conc H 2SO4, Br2 is produced. But when NaCl is heated with conc H 2SO4, HCl
is produced

NaBr +H2SO4à NaHSO4+HBr

2HBr+H2SO4à2H2O+SO2+Br2

HBr first produced being a reducing agent reduces H 2SO4 to Br2

NaCl+H2SO4àNaHSO4+HCl

HCl+H2SO4àno action

Since HCl is not a reducing agent it does not get oxidized to Cl 2. As a result only HCl is produced.

Each question carries 3 marks :

42. A blackish brown coloured solid A when fused with alkali metal hydroxides in presence of air,
produces a dark green coloured compound B, which on electrolytic oxidation in alkaline medium gives
a dark purple coloured compound C. Identify A, B and C and write the reactions involved.

Potassium permanganate is prepared by fusion of MnO2 with an alkali metal hydroxide and an
oxidising agent like KNO3. This produces the dark green K2MnO4 which disproportionates in a
neutral or acidic solution to give permanganate.

2MnO2 (black)+ 4KOH + O2 ® 2K2MnO4 (green)+ 2H2O

3MnO42– + 4H+®2MnO4– + MnO2 + 2H2O

A-MnO2 (Black) ; B-K2MnO4 ; C-KMnO4

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