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    1. There are several types of mutations including deletions, insertions, and substitutions. Deletions and insertions cause frameshift mutations by changing the reading frame, while substitutions can be missense, silent, or nonsense depending on if they change the amino acid or create a stop codon. 2. The document analyzes 5 examples of mutations, identifying them as deletion, insertion, frameshift, missense, silent, or nonsense. It is also explained that sickle cell anemia results from a single nucleotide substitution mutation changing a glutamic acid to valine in hemoglobin. 3. Frameshift, nonsense, and missense mutations can result in new trait variations by changing the amino acid sequence,

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    1. There are several types of mutations including deletions, insertions, and substitutions. Deletions and insertions cause frameshift mutations by changing the reading frame, while substitutions can be missense, silent, or nonsense depending on if they change the amino acid or create a stop codon. 2. The document analyzes 5 examples of mutations, identifying them as deletion, insertion, frameshift, missense, silent, or nonsense. It is also explained that sickle cell anemia results from a single nucleotide substitution mutation changing a glutamic acid to valine in hemoglobin. 3. Frameshift, nonsense, and missense mutations can result in new trait variations by changing the amino acid sequence,

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    DNA Mutations Worksheet 12.3

    Uploaded by

    HS TUCKER
    1. There are several types of mutations including deletions, insertions, and substitutions. Deletions and insertions cause frameshift mutations by changing the reading frame, while substitutions can be missense, silent, or nonsense depending on if they change the amino acid or create a stop codon. 2. The document analyzes 5 examples of mutations, identifying them as deletion, insertion, frameshift, missense, silent, or nonsense. It is also explained that sickle cell anemia results from a single nucleotide substitution mutation changing a glutamic acid to valine in hemoglobin. 3. Frameshift, nonsense, and missense mutations can result in new trait variations by changing the amino acid sequence,

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    Aziayhaaa

    NAME __________________________________ Biology 405 1st P


    _____________________
    Mutations Worksheet - Deletion, Insertion & Substitution

    There are several types of mutations:


     DELETION (a base is lost/deleted)
     INSERTION (an extra base is added/inserted)
    --- Deletion & insertion may cause what’s called a FRAMESHIFT mutation, meaning the reading “frame"
    changes, thus changing the amino acid sequence from this point forward
     SUBSTITUTION (one base is substituted for another)
    --- If a substitution changes the amino acid, it’s called a MISSENSE mutation
    --- If a substitution does not change the amino acid, it’s called a SILENT mutation
    --- If a substitution changes the amino acid to a “stop,” it’s called a NONSENSE mutation

    Complete the boxes below. Classify each as Deletion, Insertion or Substitution AND as either
    frameshift, missense, silent or nonsense (Hint: Deletion & Insertion will always be frameshift).

    Original DNA Sequence: T A C A C C T T G G C G A C G A C T…


    mRNA Sequence: AUGUGGAACCGCUGCUGA
    Amino Acid Sequence: MET -TRP- ASN - ARG- CYS - (STOP)

    Mutated DNA Sequence #1 T A C A T C T T G G C G A C G A C T…


    What’s the mRNA sequence? AUGUAGAACCGCUGCUGA (Circle the change)
    What will be the amino acid sequence? MET -(STOP)
    Will there likely be effects? yes mutation non sense
    What type of mutation is this? ________________________________

    Mutated DNA Sequence #2 T A C G A C C T T G G C G A C G A C T…


    What’s the mRNA sequence? A U G C U G G A A C C G C U G C U G A (Circle the change)
    What will be the amino acid sequence? MET - LEU -GLU– PRO-LEU-LEU
    Will there likely be effects? yes insertion
    What type of mutation is this? ________________________________

    Mutated DNA Sequence #3 T A C A C C T T A G C G A C G A C T…


    What’s the mRNA sequence? A U G U G G A A U C G C U G C U G A (Circle the change)
    What will be the amino acid sequence? MET-TRP-ASN- ARG- CYS STOP
    Will there likely be effects? no silent mutation
    What type of mutation is this? ________________________________

    Mutated DNA Sequence #4 T A C A C C T T G G C G A C T A C T…


    What’s the mRNA sequence? AUGUGGAACCGCUGAUGA (Circle the change)
    What will be the amino acid sequence? MET-TRP- ASN- ARG- (STOP)
    Will there likely be effects? yes mutation non sense
    What type of mutation is this? _________________________________
    Original DNA Sequence: T A C A C C T T G G C G A C G A C T…
    mRNA Sequence: AUGUGGAACCGCUGCUGA
    Amino Acid Sequence: METHIONINE-TRYPTOPHAN-ASPARAGINE-ARGININE-CYSTEINE- (STOP)

    Mutated DNA Sequence #5 T A C A C C T T G G G A C G A C T…


    What’s the mRNA sequence? AUGUGGAACCCUGCUGA (Circle the change)
    What will be the amino acid sequence?METHIONINE-TRYPTOPHAN-ASPARAGINE- PROLINE - ALANINE
    Will there likely be effects?
    yes deletion
    What type of mutation is this? _________________________________

    frame shift and missense


    1. Which type of mutation is responsible for new variations of a trait?
    2. Which type of mutation does not result in an abnormal amino acid sequence? frame shift, non sense,
    frame, missense, non sense
    3. Which type of mutation stops the translation of an mRNA molecule? ______________________________________

    Sickle Cell Anemia

    Sickle cell anemia is the result of a type of mutation in the gene that codes for part of the hemoglobin molecule.

    Recall that hemoglobin carries oxygen in your red bloods cells. The mutation causes these red blood cells to

    become stiff & sickle-shaped when they release their oxygen. The sickled cells tend to get stuck in blood vessels,

    causing pain and increased risk of stroke, blindness, damage to the heart & lungs, and other conditions.

    --- Analyze the DNA strands below to determine what amino acid is changed AND what type of mutation occurred

    Normal hemoglobin DNA C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C…

    Normal hemoglobin mRNA g u g c a c c u g a c u c c u g a g g a g

    Normal hemoglobin AA sequence

    VALINE-HISTIDINE-LEUCINE-THREONINE-PROLINE-GLUTAMIC ACID-GLUTAMIC ACID


    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Sickle cell hemoglobin DNA C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C…

    Sickle cell hemoglobin mRNA G U G C A C C U G A C U C C U G U G G A G

    Sickle cell hemoglobin AA sequence


    VALINE-HISTIDINE-LEUCINE-THREONINE-PROLINE-VALINE-GLUTAMIC ACID

    4. What type of mutation is this? Please explain why.

    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------

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