11/21/2019

Ms. Sathya Wijewardhana

BSc (Special) Computer Science (UOP),
MSc(UOP)
Computer Hardware
Consultant/Lecturer CPU, Memory and
NIBM
Email: sathya@nibm.lk
Peripherals

Parts of a PC computer Parts of a typical computer

CPU

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CPU Computer Memory

• Control center, the brain of the computer • Computer memory is the storage space
• Set of electronic circuitry that executes instructions in computer where data and instructions
are stored.
• Three parts • Memory devices are,
– Control Unit (CU) RAM
– Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Hard disk
– Registers ROM
Flash
Registers, CD,DVD, Cache and etc…
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Memory locations

CPU Hard
RAM
Registers Disk

All data and instructions in the Hard should go to

RAM in order to execute by the processor.

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Hard Disk Drive Hard Disk

• Its invented in 1953 by IBM - RAMAC
– 24 12inch platters gives 5MB storage
• It is a major and largest data storage device in a
computer.
• Its stored data using magnetic fields.
• The operating system, software and most other files
are stored in the HDD.

• Its invented in 1954 by IBM.

• Nowadays, HDD with 3.5 inch or 5.25 inch platters in different

capacities, such as 200GB,500GB,1TB etc.
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Main components for Hard disk What is a peripheral device?

1. Disk platter • A peripheral device is any input or output

2. Stepper motor component that connects to a computer.
3. Spindle motor
4. Read and write head • It connects to a computer system to add
functionality.
5. Arm
• Standard peripherals include:
– Keyboard
– Mouse
– Display unit
– Printer

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How to connect peripherals to

Optional peripheral devices
computer?
• Specialized peripheral devices include devices for: • Installation is a pathway to transmit data between an
– Playing games I/O device and computer
– Monitoring home security
– Capturing video images • Devices can connect using
– Wired connection: built-in ports
– Expansion cards : sockets
– Wireless connection: transceiver on computer and devices
– Infrared light
– Bluetooth
– Wi-Fi
– Li-Fi

• Today, USB (universal serial bus) is the preferred way

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to connect devices 20

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How to connect peripherals to computer?

• If the port is not available, you have to install an

expansion card using a socket

• Some devices require software, called device

driver, to set up communications 23 Ms.Sathya - NIBM 24

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Standard input devices

Display unit/Monitor

• CRT a vacuum tube that contains electron guns and a

phosphorescent screen to display images.

• LCD display produces image by manipulating light within

layer of liquid crystal cells.

• LED creates image by using an array of light-emitting

diodes

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When you buy a computer

– Consider your storage needs

– Consider RAM and video memory capacity
– Evaluate the computer’s upgradeability
– Select software
– Select peripheral devices and accessories
– Evaluate manufacturer and vendor support
and warranty
– And etc….

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